高考英语2011届二轮专题复习学案：专题1 语法和词汇知识之定语从句
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2011届高考英语二轮专题复习学案：
专题一 语法和词汇知识之定语从句（7）（新课标）
【专题考点】
1 考查关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句
2 考查关系副词引导的限制性定语从句
3 考查“介词+关系代词”的定语从句
4 在疑问句、倒装句和强调句中考查定语从句
5 通过拆分词组和固定搭配或者添加插入语或状语来考查定语从句
【典例探究】
1. （2010· 全国卷I· T24）As a child, Jack studied in a village school，_________ is named after his grandfather.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
【解析】选A。根据句子结构以及选项可知是考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语。此处关系代词which代指前面的a village school，并在从句中主语。where是关系副词，不能在从句中作主语，what不属于关系代词，关系代词that不能用于非限制性定语从句中。
【知识拓展】关系代词which与that几个能与不能
1. which与that引导的定语从句不能位于句首。
2. which可以引导非限制性定语从句，而that不能。
3.当先行词是一些不定代词如everything, nothing, none等时，能用that引导的后面的定语从句，不能
用which。
4. 当先行词是序数词或最高级或者先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时，能用that引导的后面的定语从
句，不能用which。
5. 当先行词被the only修饰或者先行词既指人又指物时，能用that引导的后面的定语从句，不能用
which。
6. which能直接位于介词之后，而that不能。
例如：
1）Everything that went wrong made Jack mad, which also worried us.出错的一切事情使的杰克
发疯，这使我们很担心。（that went wrong是限制性定语从句修饰前面的Everything， that在从句
中作主语。which also worried us是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整句话的内容，
并在从句中作主语。）
2）We talked of the film and its leading actor that we liked.我们谈起我们喜欢的那部电影以及电影中的男主角。（先行词是the film and its leading actor，所以只能用that引导后面的定语从句）
3）The most beautiful building that I have seen is located on a river in Qinghai Province.我见过的最美的建筑位于青海省的一条河上。（先行词building前面有最高级修饰所以要用that t引导后面的定语从句）
2、（2010·江苏卷·T32）The newly-built cafe, the walls of _______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
【解析】选D。句意：新建的咖啡馆的墙被涂成了浅绿色。对我们来说，它真是个安宁的地方，尤其是在辛苦的工作之后。根据定语从句方面的语法知识，我们可以判断出本题中The newly-built cafe 是先行词，后面用“名词+介词+ which”来引起定语从句，所以我们可以得出正确选项D。
【知识拓展】关于“名词+介词+ which / whom”类型的定语从句
这种类型的定语从句语序可以调整，并且可以转换成whose引导的定语从句。
The sum of money will be given to any student, the family of whom is poor.
The sum of money will be given to any student, of whom the family is poor.
The sum of money will be given to any student, whose family is poor.
有时候，我们还用“代词（数词）+介词+ which / whom”类型的定语从句。这种定语从句的语序可以调整，一般不可以转换成whose引导的定语从句。
There are about 3000 workers in this company, two thirds of whom are women.
There are about 3000 workers in this company, of whom two thirds are women.
3、（2010·福建卷·T 24） Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
【解析】选B。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰先行词the only planet，在从句中作状语，所以关系副词where符合要求。关系代词that和which通常在句中作主语或宾语；whose通常在句中作定语，均不符合要求。
【知识拓展】关系副词的拆分
在很多情况下，引导定语从句的关系副词都可以拆分成“介词+关系代词”的形式。引导定语从句的关系副词有：when，where和why。
像2010年福建卷第24题中的where结合先行词the only planet就可拆分成on which，在意思上相当于on the only planet，可将定语从句还原成：Life has developed gradually on the only planet.。
再看下面两个例子：
1. 2010 is a special year for the people of Shanghai, when they can visit so many exhibition halls.
2010年对于上海人来说是特别的一年，在这一年他们能够参观那么多的展馆。
关系副词when引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词2010，并在从句中作时间状语，when可以拆分成in which，在意思相当于in 2010。
2. He didn’t explain the reason why he had demanded a pay rise.
他没有解释他要求加薪的原因。
关系副词why引导一个定语从句修饰先行词the reason，在从句中作原因状语，why可以拆分成for which，在意思上相当于for the reason。
4、（2010·重庆卷·T28）In China ,the number of cities is increasing ___ development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
【解析】选C。句意:在中国城市的数量在增加，这些城市的发展受到了全世界的认可。根据句法结构主句是the number of cities is increasing，先行词是cities，空缺处代替先行词在后面定语从句中做定语，相当于cities’development, 四个选项中只有关系代词whose在从句中做定语,可以是人也可以是物.所以正确答案是C，该定语从句为分割性的定语从句，先行词与定语从句被分割开来。
【知识拓展】where/ which / whose /that在定语从句中的作用
Where关系副词,表地点,只能跟在表地点的名词后,在定语从句中做地点状语
Which关系代词,代表物,在定语从句中做主语,宾语,作宾语时可以省略.
That关系代词,既指人又指物,在从句中做主语,宾语或表语.
whose关系代词,以是人也可以是物,在从句中做定语.
What is the name of the town where we stayed last night
我们昨天晚上留宿的那个镇叫什么名字
The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.
屋顶损坏的那所房子现在已经修好了.
They planted the trees which don’t need much water.
他们种植的那些树木不需要浇太多的水.
After a score of years,John is not the naughty boy that he used to be.
二十年后,约翰不再是当年那个淘气的男孩了.
5、（2010·浙江·T3）The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of __ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A. whom B. which C. them D. those
【解析】选A。考查非限制性定语从句用法。“不定代词/数词+of whom(指人)/which(指物) ”为非限制性定语从句用法，表示“整体中的一部分”，由于前面的先行词为people, 所以答案为A。
【跟踪演练】
1、（2011·山东枣庄高三第一次质检） The old lady likes to spend time indoors, ________she can comfortably watch television and read newspapers.
A. when B. that C. which D. where
2、（2011·辽宁抚顺六校联合体高三一模） Last night Kate came across the man ____ you think is pleasant to ____.
A. who; get along B. who; talk C. who; work with D. whom; get along
3、（2011·浙江杭州七校高三上期中联考）There are altogether fifty-four students in our class, _____ is a new comer from a faraway mountain village.
A. the most diligent of who B. but the most diligent of whom
C. the most diligent of them D. of whom the most diligent
4、 （2010·吉林省实验中学二模）1. The physics teacher was standing by the desk, explaining the exercise _____ the students had done at home.
A. / B. to
C. for D. with
5、 （2010·吉林省实验中学二模）13. Last month, he paid a visit to the village ____ he had once worked in for six years, _______ he will never forget.
A. where; which B. where; when
C. that; which D. in which; that
6、（2010·江苏省宁海外国语学校二模）27．Education reform， the Chinese government attaches great importance，has attracted a lot of public attention．
A．in which B．to which
C．in that D．to that
7 、（2010·江西省吉安二模）27．---Where did you find the package
---It was on the beach we were taking a walk．
A．where B．that
C．when D．which
8、 （2010·山东省威海市二次模）26. Are there any restaurants in Beijing _____ authentic Mexican food
A. serve B. that serving
C. that serve D. serves
9、 （2010·山西省大同五中二模）28.Besides hotels ，there are also families visitors can experience the warmth and kindness of the local people.
A which B that
C what D where
10. English is a free site _________ visitors can not just learn the English language but also chat online.
A. where B. which C. that D. what
11. This term the students in our province are studying a new course called Life Guidance, ________covers possible real life issues.
A. whose B. which C. that D. what
12. He was so pleased with all ______we had done for him _______he wrote us a letter to praise for it.
A. what; what B. what; that
C. that; what D. that; that
13. Yao Ming set up his My Space Page __________ he could respond to his fans.
A. when B. what C. that D. where
14. The moon travels round the earth once every month, ___________is known to everybody.
A. it B. as C. that D. what
15. The music drama,________ the pop singer Sha Baoliang stars, comes from the story of the “Butterfly Lovers”.
A. which B. of which
C. who D. in which
16. After graduating from high school, you will reach a point in your life __________you need to decide what to do.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
17. Books bring us into the presence of the greatest minds ________have ever lived.
A. which B. who C. 不填 D. that
18. After the adjustment of financial policies, many netizens put up posts, 90 percent ________ carried the message of approval.
A. of which B. of whom
C. of them D. of what
19. Wishing to get a million in the lottery(彩票), ________many among us now do, is simply foolish.
A. which B. what C. that D. as
20. In our next English class the cases will be offered to you ________these phrases can be used together.
A. that B. which C. who D. where
21. All the neighbours admire this family,_________ the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.
A. why B. where C. which D. that
22. ________is often the case with elder people, my grandma, talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.
A. That B. Which C. As D. It
23. Folk experts believe that the Mid-Autumn Festival is second only to the Chinese New Year,_______ express the value of the Chinese nation-family values.
A. both of them B. both of whom
C. both of which D. either of which
24. The novel was completed in 1978, ________the economic system has seen great changes.
A. when B. during which
C. since then D. since when
25. The residents were warned of high temperatures and strong winds of forecast for Friday, ___________could make the still-burning wildfires more dangerous.
A. when B. which C. that D. where
26. As a result of our serious staffing shortages, the situation has arisen _______we have to hire graduating college students for help.
A. that B. when C. where D. as
27. I hope the little _______I have been able to do will do good to the partnership between us two schools.
A. which B. that C. what D. as
28. As a coach, you should know clearly about the direction __________your team should develop.
A. to which B. in which
C. on which D. for which
29. Pointing to the house on _______roof grew lots of bush, the old man told me that was ________I would stay.
A. its; what B. whose; what
C. whose; where D. its; where
30. An Iraqi reporter during a news conference ________threw his shoes at Bush and called him a dog in Arabic shocked the world.
A. who B. where C. whom D. which
31. It was in the factory ________his friend worked _______he picked up a lot of experience.
A. where; where B. that; where
C. that; that D. where; that
32. I’m told that is a free website ____________learners can not just learn various languages but also chat online.
A. where B. which C. that D. what
33. Is it the years _______you worked in Africa as a doctor ________have a great effect on your literary works
A. that; where B. that; that
C. when; where D. when; that
34. This is a film that could make a boy like me, _________never been to New York, fall in love with the place.
A. who’ve B. who have
C. who’s D. who is
35. The time is not far away _________ordinary people can get on board a spaceship and take a trip to space.
A. as B. until C. before D. when
36. Luo Jing, _________broadcasting style lots of Chinese appreciate, died as the result of cancer.
A. whom B. of whom C. whose D. his
37. I have the same magazine _______you bought just now.
A. which B. like C. that D. as
38. Beijing was attacked by such a terrible rainstorm _______few citizens had ever experienced before.
A. which B. that C. as D. who
39. She is pleased with what you have given him and ______you have told him.
A. that B. which C. all what D. all that
答案
1 D 2、C 3、D 4、A 5、C
6、 B考查定语从句中介词+关系代词的用法
attach great importance to非常重视
7 A 8、C 9、D in which=where
10.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。where引导定语从句, 修饰先行词site, 同时在定语从句中作状语。
11.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。which在句中引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词Life Guidance。cover“覆盖, 涉及”。
12.【解析】选D。all作先行词用that引导定语从句; what不可以引导定语从句。第二空的that与so连接, so. . . that表示“如此……以至于”。
13.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。先行词为My Space Page, 关系词在从句中作状语, 表地点, 故用where。
14.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语, 代指前面整句话的内容。句中的as可用which代替。但as引导的定语从句可以位于句首, 而which引导的定语从句则不能; as意为“正如”, which则无此含义。it和what不能引导定语从句, that不可引导非限制性定语从句。
15.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为; 由流行歌手沙宝亮担任主角的音乐剧源于《梁祝》这个故事。此处是指沙宝亮在音乐剧中担任主角, 先行词the music drama在定语从句中相当于抽象的地点。
16.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句修饰表示抽象地点意义的先行词point。常见的具有类似用法的先行词还有case, situation, activity, experiment等。
17.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。that have ever lived是定语从句, 修饰先行词minds。由于先行词前有最高级修饰, 所以只能用that引导。
18.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。由句子结构可知, 空格处所在的句子是定语从句, 该句中的先行词是posts, 这里应该表示90 percent of the posts carried the message of approval, 所以用of which结构。
19.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。what和that均不能引导非限制性定语从句, 排除B和C项。as意为“正如……”, 而which无此义。
20.【解析】选D。先行词cases意为“情况”, 因此定语从句应用关系副词where。当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage等名词表示“情况、方面、处境”时用关系副词where。
21.【解析】选B。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为this family, 且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 故用where。
22.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。as此处引导非限制性定语从句, 指代后面的内容, as意为“正如”。
23.【解析】选C。考查非限制性定语从句。定语从句中的谓语动词为express, 且先行词指物, 故选C。
24.【解析】选D。考查非限制性定语从句。题干中前后半句之间缺少连词, 排除C项。定语从句中使用了现在完成时, 排除A和B项。
25.【解析】选B。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语, 排除A、C和D项, 故选B。
26.【解析】选C。先行词为situation而且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 故用where。that和as为关系代词, 在定语从句中作主语或宾语, when在定语从句中作时间状语。
27.【解析】选B。先行词为little, 而定语从句中do缺少宾语, 因此只能用that。
28.【解析】选B。根据先行词direction判断, 介词用in。in the direction意为“朝……方向”, 故用in which。
29.【解析】选C。考查定语从句和表语从句。第一空为定语从句, 且从句中缺少定语, 排除A和D项。第二空为表语从句, 且从句中stay为不及物动词, 故排除B项。
30.【解析】选A。先行词为reporter, 而定语从句中缺少主语, 故用who。where为关系副词, 在定语从句中作地点状语; whom在定语从句中作宾语; which的先行词应是物, 所以B、C、D三项错误。
31.【解析】选D。本题是把定语从句放到了强调结构里考查, 第一个空是由where引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词the factory, 在从句中作地点状语。第二个空是it was. . . that. . . 强调结构。
32.【解析】选A。先行词是website, 而定语从句中缺少地点状语, 故用where。
33.【解析】选D。该题既把定语从句放到疑问句中, 又把定语从句放到强调结构里考查。________you worked in Africa as a doctor是定语从句, 先行词为the years, 所以用when, 在定语从句中作时间状语; 第二个空是it is. . . that. . . 强调结构。
34.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。先行词为a boy, 排除A和B项。定语从句使用的是现在完成时, 排除D项。who’s=who has。
35.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。先行词为the time而定语从句中缺少时间状语, 故用when。
36.【解析】选C。非限制性定语从句中缺少定语, 排除选项A和D项。若选B, broadcasting style必须被定冠词the所修饰。
37.【解析】选D。the same. . . as表示同类, the same. . . that表示同一个。句意为; 我有一本和你刚才买的一样的杂志。根据句意选D。
38.【解析】选C。先行词由such修饰, 一般用as引导定语从句, 本句中as在从句中作宾语。本题可能会误选B项, such. . . that如此……以至于, that引导状语从句, 在句中不作成分。
39.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。and连接两个宾语, 本空中all为先行词, 定语从句的关系代词只能用that。all that相当于what。
【真题在线】
1、(2010·全国卷II·T16) I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else’s fault.
A. who B. that C. as D. what
2、（2010·湖南卷·T28） I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who B. where C. when D. which
3、（2010·陕西卷·T 11）The old temple _______ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.
A. where B. which C. its D. whose
4、（2010·上海卷·T 38）Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
5、(2010·四川卷·T10) After graduating from college, I took some time off to go traveling,
turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
6、（2010·江西卷·T 31） The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister
she would stay for an hour.
A. where B. who C. which D. what
7、（2010·天津卷·T8）-Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut
-You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only 15.
A. as B. which C. where D. that
8（2010·山东卷·T24）That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
9、（2010·北京卷·T 27）Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what B. whose C. which D. that
10.（2009·江西, T 26）The house I grew up___________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. in
C. in that D. in which
11.（2009·江苏, T 23）Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _______local
5-star hotels charged 6, 000 yuan for one night.
A. if B. when C. which D. since
12.（2009·全国卷Ⅰ, T 28）She brought with her three friends, none of ________I had ever met before.
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
13. （2009·四川· T 20）She’ll never forget her stay there _________she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
14.（2009·天津·T 5）A person _______e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
15.（2009·重庆·T 34）Life is like a long race ________we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what C. that D. where
16.（2009·北京·T 26）—What do you think of teaching, Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
17.（2009·安徽·T 30）Many children,__________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
A. their B. whose
C. of them D. with whom
18. （2009·福建·T 24） It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
19.（2009·辽宁·T 23）They’ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising actually.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
20.（2009·陕西·T 11）Gun control is a subject _________Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which
C. about which D. into which
21.（2009·湖南·T 26）I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _______name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A. which B. of which
C. that D. whose
22.（2009·浙江·T 14）I have reached a point in my life _______I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
23（2009·全国卷Ⅱ·T 17）My friend showed me round the town, __________was very kind of him.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
24.（2009·山东·T 24）Whenever I met her, _________was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A. who B. which C. when D. that
25.（2009·上海·T 34）Mozart’s birthplace and the house _________he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are both museums now.
A. where B. when C. there D. which
26.（2008·四川·T 4）For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _________New York is an example.
A. for which B. in which
C. of which D. from which
27.（2008·全国卷Ⅱ·T 16）The road conditions there turned out to be very good,_________ was more than we could expect.
A. it B. what C. which D. that
28.（2008·北京·T 28）I’ll give you my friend’s home address, _______ I can be reached most evenings.
A. which B. when C. whom D. where
29.（2008·湖南·T 31）The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, ________ are beyond our control.
A. most of them B. most of which
C. most of what D. most of that
30.（2008·山东·T 26） Occasions are quite rare ___________I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A. who B. which C. why D. when
31.（2008·江苏·T 24） The Science Museum, ________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
32. （2008·福建·T 31） By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, __________ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which B. on which
C. from which D. above which
33.（2008·浙江·T 8）Yesterday she sold her car, ______she bought a month ago.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
34.（2008·重庆·T 21）They will fly to Washington,________ they plan to stay for two or three days.
A. where B. there C. which D. when
35. （2008·陕西·T 13）The man pulled out a gold watch,_________ were made of small diamonds.
A. the hands of whom
B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of
D. the hands of which
答案
1、【解析】选B。根据句子结构可知此处需要一个关系代词来引导后面的定语从句，由于此处的先行词是something，所以首先排除A、D。因为A项引导的定语从句只能修饰人，而D项不是关系代词。as引导的定语从句虽然既能修饰人也能修饰物，但其在限制性定语从句中，要用于the same… as 或such…as结构中，故又排除C。 that在此引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
2、【解析】选A。考查的是定语从句。先行词是several of the students（指人），且定语从句中缺少的是宾语，故选A。句意为：我已经和我去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校几个学生成为了好朋友了。
3、【解析】选D。通过分析句子结构可知，temple是先行词，后面_______ roof was damaged in a storm是个定语从句，roof 和temple之间是所属关系，所以要用whose作定语，所以选D。
4、【解析】选C。句意：风能是一种古老的能源，在不久的将来我们可能还会利用它。return to回到，恢复到，其中介词to 前置，构成介词+关系代词的形式，故选择C。
5、【解析】选B。句意：大学毕业后，我休假一段时间去旅游，这结果证明是一个明智的决定。此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前边整个句意。
6、【解析】选A。 句意：小女孩打算和她姐姐在培训中心上钢琴课，在那里她要学习一个小时。先行词是the training centre ， 表示地点的名词， 且从句中缺少状语， 故用关系副词where。 who 引导定语从句时先行词须是表示人的名词， which 在从句中不作状语； what 不能引导定语从句。
7、【解析】选C。句意：---你能相信我花了30美元理发 ---你应该试一试我去的理发店，只花15美元。根据题干the barber’s 在I go这个定语从句中作地点状语，go是不及物动词。where在定语从句中做地点状语。其它几个选项做的是主语，宾语和表语。所以选C。
8【解析】选C。句意为：那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。machine为定语从句的先行词，从句的主语为parts, 其前缺少修饰主语的表示所属关系的关系代词，选whose。
9、【解析】选B。在该句中diet和先行词children之间是所属关系，即所选的词在定语从句中作定语。whose 引导定语从句并且作定语；which/ that引导定语从句并且作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。
10.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。主句的主语the house后面是省略了which的定语从句, 因此应该用in。
11.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为：由于金融危机, 当地五星级宾馆一晚索价6 000元的日子一去不复返了。先行词days和定语从句被谓语部分所隔开, 因此用when, 指代days并在从句中充当时间状语。if和since不能引导定语从句, 可排除。which虽可引导定语从句, 但在从句中充当主语或宾语, 也不符合语境。
12.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为：她带来了三个朋友, 这三个朋友我以前一个也没见过。先行词为friends, 所以介词后的关系代词应该用whom。them和these均不能引导定语从句, 排除选项A和D。介词后的关系代词也不能用who, 排除B项。
13.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：她决不会忘记在那儿她找到了两年前失踪的儿子的时刻。先行词stay和定语从句之间被副词there所隔开, 根据句意判断选D。
14.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为：一个人的电子邮件账户满了, 就不能收发任何邮件了。先行词为person而定语从句中又缺少定语, 因此用whose。who在定语从句中作主语、宾语; whom在定语从句中只作宾语; 因此排除选项A和B。whoever不能引导定语从句, 因此D项错误。
15.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：生活像长跑比赛, 我们与其他人竞争以超越自我。先行词为race而且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 因此应该用where。what不能引导定语从句, 排除B项; that可引导定语从句, 但在定语从句中作主语或宾语, 不符合语境; why引导定语从句时先行词应为reason。故排除A、C两项。
16.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。先行词为job且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 因此用where。which和that在定语从句中应作主语或宾语; when在定语从句中应作时间状语; 均不符合语境。
17.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为：很多小孩在村里都得到了很好的照顾, 他们的父母远在大城市打工。先行词为children而定语从句中缺少定语, 故用whose。their和of them不能引导定语从句, 排除A和C项; D项不符合语境。
18.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage等名词表示“情况, 方面, 处境”时, 关系副词用where。
19.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：他们已赢得了最后三场比赛, 我发现这确实有点令人惊讶。非限制性定语从句中缺少宾语, 因此用which, 指代前面一句话的内容。what不能用来引导定语从句; that不能引导非限制性定语从句; when在定语从句中作时间状语, 因此排除选项A、B和C。
20.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为：控制枪支是美国人争论很久的话题。argue about sth. 为固定搭配, 意为“争论某事”。
21.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：我出生在路易斯安那州的新奥尔良, 这座城市的名字让我们联想到一幅有着美丽的树木和绿草的图画。先行词为city且定语从句中缺少定语, 故用whose。which和that为关系代词, 在定语从句中作主语或宾语; 若用of which, name前须加the。
22.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。先行词point和定语从句被介词短语in my life隔开。当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage等名词表示“情况、方面、处境”时, 定语从句用关系副词where引导。how不能用来引导定语从句; which在定语从句中作主语或宾语; why引导定语从句时先行词应为reason; 因此可排除选项A、C和D。
23【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意为：我的朋友真不错, 他带我绕城转了一圈。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语, 故用which, 指代前面一句话的内容。that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句, 排除B项。where为关系副词, 不能在定语从句中作主语, 排除C项。it不能用来引导定语从句, 排除D项。因此选A。
24.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语, 且that不能引导非限制性定语从句, 排除C和D项; which在非限制性定语从句中作主语并指代I met her这件事, 同时排除A项。
25.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意为：莫扎特的出生地以及他谱写The Magic Flute所使用的房子现在都成了博物馆。先行词为house并且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 故用where。when在定语从句中作时间状语; there不能用来引导定语从句; which在定语从句中作主语或宾语, 因此选项B、C、D均错误。
26.【解析】选C。考查“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：世界上许多城市没有进一步扩展的空间, 纽约就是一个例子。先行词是cities, 定语从句中an example与介词of 是固定搭配, 即New York is an example of the cities. 因此选C。
27.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为：那儿的路况很好, 这远超出我们所预料的。which引导非限制性定语从句, 代指前句的内容。A、B两项都不能引导定语从句; D项不能引导非限制性定语从句。
28.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：我会给你我朋友家的地址, 在那儿多数晚上我都能被联系到。where引导定语从句, 作状语。which引导定语从句, 在从句中作主语、表语、宾语, 但从句中不缺这些成分; when在定语从句中作时间状语, 而句中已有时间状语most evenings; whom在定语从句中作宾语, 句中也不缺少宾语。
29.【解析】选B。考查非限制性定语从句。句意：植物的生长速度受多种因素影响, 其中多数因素都是人力不能及的。两个分句由逗号隔开, 后一分句是非限制性定语从句, 且of为介词, 其后的关系代词指物时只能用which。
30.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。此题关键是要根据句意判定是定语从句。句意为：我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。occasions 是先行词, 所选关系词在定语从句中要作时间状语, 故选D项。
31.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。which引导非限定性定语从句, 在从句中作visit的宾语。what可引导名词性从句, 不引导定语从句; that不引导非限定性定语从句; where是关系副词, 不作宾语, 通常作地点状语。
32.【解析】选D。考查定语从句与介词辨析。句意为：到了九点钟, 所有的奥运火炬手都到达了珠穆朗玛峰顶, 不一会就在山顶上出现了一道罕见的彩虹。此题易误选B, 火炬应是人们在举着, 与山顶没有接触点, 故应用above而非on。
33.【解析】选D。考查非限制性定语从句。从句中可以看出先行词her car 在定语从句中作动词bought 的宾语, 因此选用关系代词, 故先排除A、B两项, 另外, that不能用于非限制性定语从句。故D项 which 为正确选项。
34.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意为：他们将坐飞机去华盛顿, 他们计划在那里逗留两三天。题干中两个分句间无连词, 不是两个单独的句子, 故B项可排除。分析第二个分句可知句中并不缺少主语、宾语, which可排除。由句意可知Washington在第二个分句中作地点状语, where可作关系副词, 引导定语从句, 在句中代替先行词作地点状语, 故选A项。
35.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意：那位男士拿出一块金表, 表的指针是由小钻石制成的。which引导非限制性定语从句, 指代先行词watch; the hands of which相当于whose hands。A项中的whom只能指代人; B、C两项不符合定语从句语法结构。介词+which/whom引导的定语从句是近几年高考考查定语从句的重点, 我们可以根据从句中的谓语动词搭配以及句子的意思来判断。
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2011届高考英语二轮专题复习学案：
专题一 语法和词汇知识之定语从句（7）（新课标）
【专题考点】
1 考查关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句
2 考查关系副词引导的限制性定语从句
3 考查“介词+关系代词”的定语从句
4 在疑问句、倒装句和强调句中考查定语从句
5 通过拆分词组和固定搭配或者添加插入语或状语来考查定语从句
【典例探究】
1. （2010· 全国卷I· T24）As a child, Jack studied in a village school，_________ is named after his grandfather.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
【解析】选A。根据句子结构以及选项可知是考查非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语。此处关系代词which代指前面的a village school，并在从句中主语。where是关系副词，不能在从句中作主语，what不属于关系代词，关系代词that不能用于非限制性定语从句中。
【知识拓展】关系代词which与that几个能与不能
1. which与that引导的定语从句不能位于句首。
2. which可以引导非限制性定语从句，而that不能。
3.当先行词是一些不定代词如everything, nothing, none等时，能用that引导的后面的定语从句，不能
用which。
4. 当先行词是序数词或最高级或者先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时，能用that引导的后面的定语从
句，不能用which。
5. 当先行词被the only修饰或者先行词既指人又指物时，能用that引导的后面的定语从句，不能用
which。
6. which能直接位于介词之后，而that不能。
例如：
1）Everything that went wrong made Jack mad, which also worried us.出错的一切事情使的杰克
发疯，这使我们很担心。（that went wrong是限制性定语从句修饰前面的Everything， that在从句
中作主语。which also worried us是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整句话的内容，
并在从句中作主语。）
2）We talked of the film and its leading actor that we liked.我们谈起我们喜欢的那部电影以及电影中的男主角。（先行词是the film and its leading actor，所以只能用that引导后面的定语从句）
3）The most beautiful building that I have seen is located on a river in Qinghai Province.我见过的最美的建筑位于青海省的一条河上。（先行词building前面有最高级修饰所以要用that t引导后面的定语从句）
2、（2010·江苏卷·T32）The newly-built cafe, the walls of _______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
【解析】选D。句意：新建的咖啡馆的墙被涂成了浅绿色。对我们来说，它真是个安宁的地方，尤其是在辛苦的工作之后。根据定语从句方面的语法知识，我们可以判断出本题中The newly-built cafe 是先行词，后面用“名词+介词+ which”来引起定语从句，所以我们可以得出正确选项D。
【知识拓展】关于“名词+介词+ which / whom”类型的定语从句
这种类型的定语从句语序可以调整，并且可以转换成whose引导的定语从句。
The sum of money will be given to any student, the family of whom is poor.
The sum of money will be given to any student, of whom the family is poor.
The sum of money will be given to any student, whose family is poor.
有时候，我们还用“代词（数词）+介词+ which / whom”类型的定语从句。这种定语从句的语序可以调整，一般不可以转换成whose引导的定语从句。
There are about 3000 workers in this company, two thirds of whom are women.
There are about 3000 workers in this company, of whom two thirds are women.
3、（2010·福建卷·T 24） Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet ______ life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
【解析】选B。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰先行词the only planet，在从句中作状语，所以关系副词where符合要求。关系代词that和which通常在句中作主语或宾语；whose通常在句中作定语，均不符合要求。
【知识拓展】关系副词的拆分
在很多情况下，引导定语从句的关系副词都可以拆分成“介词+关系代词”的形式。引导定语从句的关系副词有：when，where和why。
像2010年福建卷第24题中的where结合先行词the only planet就可拆分成on which，在意思上相当于on the only planet，可将定语从句还原成：Life has developed gradually on the only planet.。
再看下面两个例子：
1. 2010 is a special year for the people of Shanghai, when they can visit so many exhibition halls.
2010年对于上海人来说是特别的一年，在这一年他们能够参观那么多的展馆。
关系副词when引导一个定语从句，修饰先行词2010，并在从句中作时间状语，when可以拆分成in which，在意思相当于in 2010。
2. He didn’t explain the reason why he had demanded a pay rise.
他没有解释他要求加薪的原因。
关系副词why引导一个定语从句修饰先行词the reason，在从句中作原因状语，why可以拆分成for which，在意思上相当于for the reason。
4、（2010·重庆卷·T28）In China ,the number of cities is increasing ___ development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
【解析】选C。句意:在中国城市的数量在增加，这些城市的发展受到了全世界的认可。根据句法结构主句是the number of cities is increasing，先行词是cities，空缺处代替先行词在后面定语从句中做定语，相当于cities’development, 四个选项中只有关系代词whose在从句中做定语,可以是人也可以是物.所以正确答案是C，该定语从句为分割性的定语从句，先行词与定语从句被分割开来。
【知识拓展】where/ which / whose /that在定语从句中的作用
Where关系副词,表地点,只能跟在表地点的名词后,在定语从句中做地点状语
Which关系代词,代表物,在定语从句中做主语,宾语,作宾语时可以省略.
That关系代词,既指人又指物,在从句中做主语,宾语或表语.
whose关系代词,以是人也可以是物,在从句中做定语.
What is the name of the town where we stayed last night
我们昨天晚上留宿的那个镇叫什么名字
The house whose roof was damaged has now been repaired.
屋顶损坏的那所房子现在已经修好了.
They planted the trees which don’t need much water.
他们种植的那些树木不需要浇太多的水.
After a score of years,John is not the naughty boy that he used to be.
二十年后,约翰不再是当年那个淘气的男孩了.
5、（2010·浙江·T3）The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of __ left their village homes for a better life in the city.
A. whom B. which C. them D. those
【解析】选A。考查非限制性定语从句用法。“不定代词/数词+of whom(指人)/which(指物) ”为非限制性定语从句用法，表示“整体中的一部分”，由于前面的先行词为people, 所以答案为A。
【跟踪演练】
1、（2011·山东枣庄高三第一次质检） The old lady likes to spend time indoors, ________she can comfortably watch television and read newspapers.
A. when B. that C. which D. where
2、（2011·辽宁抚顺六校联合体高三一模） Last night Kate came across the man ____ you think is pleasant to ____.
A. who; get along B. who; talk C. who; work with D. whom; get along
3、（2011·浙江杭州七校高三上期中联考）There are altogether fifty-four students in our class, _____ is a new comer from a faraway mountain village.
A. the most diligent of who B. but the most diligent of whom
C. the most diligent of them D. of whom the most diligent
4、 （2010·吉林省实验中学二模）1. The physics teacher was standing by the desk, explaining the exercise _____ the students had done at home.
A. / B. to
C. for D. with
5、 （2010·吉林省实验中学二模）13. Last month, he paid a visit to the village ____ he had once worked in for six years, _______ he will never forget.
A. where; which B. where; when
C. that; which D. in which; that
6、（2010·江苏省宁海外国语学校二模）27．Education reform， the Chinese government attaches great importance，has attracted a lot of public attention．
A．in which B．to which
C．in that D．to that
7 、（2010·江西省吉安二模）27．---Where did you find the package
---It was on the beach we were taking a walk．
A．where B．that
C．when D．which
8、 （2010·山东省威海市二次模）26. Are there any restaurants in Beijing _____ authentic Mexican food
A. serve B. that serving
C. that serve D. serves
9、 （2010·山西省大同五中二模）28.Besides hotels ，there are also families visitors can experience the warmth and kindness of the local people.
A which B that
C what D where
10. English is a free site _________ visitors can not just learn the English language but also chat online.
A. where B. which C. that D. what
11. This term the students in our province are studying a new course called Life Guidance, ________covers possible real life issues.
A. whose B. which C. that D. what
12. He was so pleased with all ______we had done for him _______he wrote us a letter to praise for it.
A. what; what B. what; that
C. that; what D. that; that
13. Yao Ming set up his My Space Page __________ he could respond to his fans.
A. when B. what C. that D. where
14. The moon travels round the earth once every month, ___________is known to everybody.
A. it B. as C. that D. what
15. The music drama,________ the pop singer Sha Baoliang stars, comes from the story of the “Butterfly Lovers”.
A. which B. of which
C. who D. in which
16. After graduating from high school, you will reach a point in your life __________you need to decide what to do.
A. that B. what C. which D. where
17. Books bring us into the presence of the greatest minds ________have ever lived.
A. which B. who C. 不填 D. that
18. After the adjustment of financial policies, many netizens put up posts, 90 percent ________ carried the message of approval.
A. of which B. of whom
C. of them D. of what
19. Wishing to get a million in the lottery(彩票), ________many among us now do, is simply foolish.
A. which B. what C. that D. as
20. In our next English class the cases will be offered to you ________these phrases can be used together.
A. that B. which C. who D. where
21. All the neighbours admire this family,_________ the children and parents build up a friendly relationship.
A. why B. where C. which D. that
22. ________is often the case with elder people, my grandma, talked about my new hairstyle for at least 50 minutes nonstop.
A. That B. Which C. As D. It
23. Folk experts believe that the Mid-Autumn Festival is second only to the Chinese New Year,_______ express the value of the Chinese nation-family values.
A. both of them B. both of whom
C. both of which D. either of which
24. The novel was completed in 1978, ________the economic system has seen great changes.
A. when B. during which
C. since then D. since when
25. The residents were warned of high temperatures and strong winds of forecast for Friday, ___________could make the still-burning wildfires more dangerous.
A. when B. which C. that D. where
26. As a result of our serious staffing shortages, the situation has arisen _______we have to hire graduating college students for help.
A. that B. when C. where D. as
27. I hope the little _______I have been able to do will do good to the partnership between us two schools.
A. which B. that C. what D. as
28. As a coach, you should know clearly about the direction __________your team should develop.
A. to which B. in which
C. on which D. for which
29. Pointing to the house on _______roof grew lots of bush, the old man told me that was ________I would stay.
A. its; what B. whose; what
C. whose; where D. its; where
30. An Iraqi reporter during a news conference ________threw his shoes at Bush and called him a dog in Arabic shocked the world.
A. who B. where C. whom D. which
31. It was in the factory ________his friend worked _______he picked up a lot of experience.
A. where; where B. that; where
C. that; that D. where; that
32. I’m told that is a free website ____________learners can not just learn various languages but also chat online.
A. where B. which C. that D. what
33. Is it the years _______you worked in Africa as a doctor ________have a great effect on your literary works
A. that; where B. that; that
C. when; where D. when; that
34. This is a film that could make a boy like me, _________never been to New York, fall in love with the place.
A. who’ve B. who have
C. who’s D. who is
35. The time is not far away _________ordinary people can get on board a spaceship and take a trip to space.
A. as B. until C. before D. when
36. Luo Jing, _________broadcasting style lots of Chinese appreciate, died as the result of cancer.
A. whom B. of whom C. whose D. his
37. I have the same magazine _______you bought just now.
A. which B. like C. that D. as
38. Beijing was attacked by such a terrible rainstorm _______few citizens had ever experienced before.
A. which B. that C. as D. who
39. She is pleased with what you have given him and ______you have told him.
A. that B. which C. all what D. all that
答案
1 D 2、C 3、D 4、A 5、C
6、 B考查定语从句中介词+关系代词的用法
attach great importance to非常重视
7 A 8、C 9、D in which=where
10.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。where引导定语从句, 修饰先行词site, 同时在定语从句中作状语。
11.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。which在句中引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰先行词Life Guidance。cover“覆盖, 涉及”。
12.【解析】选D。all作先行词用that引导定语从句; what不可以引导定语从句。第二空的that与so连接, so. . . that表示“如此……以至于”。
13.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。先行词为My Space Page, 关系词在从句中作状语, 表地点, 故用where。
14.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。as引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语, 代指前面整句话的内容。句中的as可用which代替。但as引导的定语从句可以位于句首, 而which引导的定语从句则不能; as意为“正如”, which则无此含义。it和what不能引导定语从句, that不可引导非限制性定语从句。
15.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为; 由流行歌手沙宝亮担任主角的音乐剧源于《梁祝》这个故事。此处是指沙宝亮在音乐剧中担任主角, 先行词the music drama在定语从句中相当于抽象的地点。
16.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。where引导的定语从句修饰表示抽象地点意义的先行词point。常见的具有类似用法的先行词还有case, situation, activity, experiment等。
17.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。that have ever lived是定语从句, 修饰先行词minds。由于先行词前有最高级修饰, 所以只能用that引导。
18.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。由句子结构可知, 空格处所在的句子是定语从句, 该句中的先行词是posts, 这里应该表示90 percent of the posts carried the message of approval, 所以用of which结构。
19.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。what和that均不能引导非限制性定语从句, 排除B和C项。as意为“正如……”, 而which无此义。
20.【解析】选D。先行词cases意为“情况”, 因此定语从句应用关系副词where。当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage等名词表示“情况、方面、处境”时用关系副词where。
21.【解析】选B。考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为this family, 且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 故用where。
22.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。as此处引导非限制性定语从句, 指代后面的内容, as意为“正如”。
23.【解析】选C。考查非限制性定语从句。定语从句中的谓语动词为express, 且先行词指物, 故选C。
24.【解析】选D。考查非限制性定语从句。题干中前后半句之间缺少连词, 排除C项。定语从句中使用了现在完成时, 排除A和B项。
25.【解析】选B。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语, 排除A、C和D项, 故选B。
26.【解析】选C。先行词为situation而且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 故用where。that和as为关系代词, 在定语从句中作主语或宾语, when在定语从句中作时间状语。
27.【解析】选B。先行词为little, 而定语从句中do缺少宾语, 因此只能用that。
28.【解析】选B。根据先行词direction判断, 介词用in。in the direction意为“朝……方向”, 故用in which。
29.【解析】选C。考查定语从句和表语从句。第一空为定语从句, 且从句中缺少定语, 排除A和D项。第二空为表语从句, 且从句中stay为不及物动词, 故排除B项。
30.【解析】选A。先行词为reporter, 而定语从句中缺少主语, 故用who。where为关系副词, 在定语从句中作地点状语; whom在定语从句中作宾语; which的先行词应是物, 所以B、C、D三项错误。
31.【解析】选D。本题是把定语从句放到了强调结构里考查, 第一个空是由where引导的定语从句, 修饰先行词the factory, 在从句中作地点状语。第二个空是it was. . . that. . . 强调结构。
32.【解析】选A。先行词是website, 而定语从句中缺少地点状语, 故用where。
33.【解析】选D。该题既把定语从句放到疑问句中, 又把定语从句放到强调结构里考查。________you worked in Africa as a doctor是定语从句, 先行词为the years, 所以用when, 在定语从句中作时间状语; 第二个空是it is. . . that. . . 强调结构。
34.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。先行词为a boy, 排除A和B项。定语从句使用的是现在完成时, 排除D项。who’s=who has。
35.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。先行词为the time而定语从句中缺少时间状语, 故用when。
36.【解析】选C。非限制性定语从句中缺少定语, 排除选项A和D项。若选B, broadcasting style必须被定冠词the所修饰。
37.【解析】选D。the same. . . as表示同类, the same. . . that表示同一个。句意为; 我有一本和你刚才买的一样的杂志。根据句意选D。
38.【解析】选C。先行词由such修饰, 一般用as引导定语从句, 本句中as在从句中作宾语。本题可能会误选B项, such. . . that如此……以至于, that引导状语从句, 在句中不作成分。
39.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。and连接两个宾语, 本空中all为先行词, 定语从句的关系代词只能用that。all that相当于what。
【真题在线】
1、(2010·全国卷II·T16) I refuse to accept the blame for something _____ was someone else’s fault.
A. who B. that C. as D. what
2、（2010·湖南卷·T28） I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who B. where C. when D. which
3、（2010·陕西卷·T 11）The old temple _______ roof was damaged in a storm is now under repair.
A. where B. which C. its D. whose
4、（2010·上海卷·T 38）Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
5、(2010·四川卷·T10) After graduating from college, I took some time off to go traveling,
turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
6、（2010·江西卷·T 31） The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister
she would stay for an hour.
A. where B. who C. which D. what
7、（2010·天津卷·T8）-Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut
-You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only 15.
A. as B. which C. where D. that
8（2010·山东卷·T24）That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.
A. that B. which C. whose D. what
9、（2010·北京卷·T 27）Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what B. whose C. which D. that
10.（2009·江西, T 26）The house I grew up___________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.
A. in it B. in
C. in that D. in which
11.（2009·江苏, T 23）Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _______local
5-star hotels charged 6, 000 yuan for one night.
A. if B. when C. which D. since
12.（2009·全国卷Ⅰ, T 28）She brought with her three friends, none of ________I had ever met before.
A. them B. who C. whom D. these
13. （2009·四川· T 20）She’ll never forget her stay there _________she found her son who had gone missing two years before.
A. that B. which C. where D. when
14.（2009·天津·T 5）A person _______e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever
15.（2009·重庆·T 34）Life is like a long race ________we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.
A. why B. what C. that D. where
16.（2009·北京·T 26）—What do you think of teaching, Bob？
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ________ you are doing something serious but interesting.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
17.（2009·安徽·T 30）Many children,__________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
A. their B. whose
C. of them D. with whom
18. （2009·福建·T 24） It’s helpful to put children in a situation ________they can see themselves differently.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
19.（2009·辽宁·T 23）They’ve won their last three matches, ________I find a bit surprising actually.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
20.（2009·陕西·T 11）Gun control is a subject _________Americans have argued for a long time.
A. of which B. with which
C. about which D. into which
21.（2009·湖南·T 26）I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _______name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind.
A. which B. of which
C. that D. whose
22.（2009·浙江·T 14）I have reached a point in my life _______I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
A. which B. where C. how D. why
23（2009·全国卷Ⅱ·T 17）My friend showed me round the town, __________was very kind of him.
A. which B. that C. where D. it
24.（2009·山东·T 24）Whenever I met her, _________was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
A. who B. which C. when D. that
25.（2009·上海·T 34）Mozart’s birthplace and the house _________he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are both museums now.
A. where B. when C. there D. which
26.（2008·四川·T 4）For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, _________New York is an example.
A. for which B. in which
C. of which D. from which
27.（2008·全国卷Ⅱ·T 16）The road conditions there turned out to be very good,_________ was more than we could expect.
A. it B. what C. which D. that
28.（2008·北京·T 28）I’ll give you my friend’s home address, _______ I can be reached most evenings.
A. which B. when C. whom D. where
29.（2008·湖南·T 31）The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, ________ are beyond our control.
A. most of them B. most of which
C. most of what D. most of that
30.（2008·山东·T 26） Occasions are quite rare ___________I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
A. who B. which C. why D. when
31.（2008·江苏·T 24） The Science Museum, ________ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of London’s tourist attractions.
A. which B. what C. that D. where
32. （2008·福建·T 31） By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, __________ appeared a rare rainbow soon.
A. of which B. on which
C. from which D. above which
33.（2008·浙江·T 8）Yesterday she sold her car, ______she bought a month ago.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
34.（2008·重庆·T 21）They will fly to Washington,________ they plan to stay for two or three days.
A. where B. there C. which D. when
35. （2008·陕西·T 13）The man pulled out a gold watch,_________ were made of small diamonds.
A. the hands of whom
B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of
D. the hands of which
答案
1、【解析】选B。根据句子结构可知此处需要一个关系代词来引导后面的定语从句，由于此处的先行词是something，所以首先排除A、D。因为A项引导的定语从句只能修饰人，而D项不是关系代词。as引导的定语从句虽然既能修饰人也能修饰物，但其在限制性定语从句中，要用于the same… as 或such…as结构中，故又排除C。 that在此引导定语从句并在从句中作主语。
2、【解析】选A。考查的是定语从句。先行词是several of the students（指人），且定语从句中缺少的是宾语，故选A。句意为：我已经和我去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的我校几个学生成为了好朋友了。
3、【解析】选D。通过分析句子结构可知，temple是先行词，后面_______ roof was damaged in a storm是个定语从句，roof 和temple之间是所属关系，所以要用whose作定语，所以选D。
4、【解析】选C。句意：风能是一种古老的能源，在不久的将来我们可能还会利用它。return to回到，恢复到，其中介词to 前置，构成介词+关系代词的形式，故选择C。
5、【解析】选B。句意：大学毕业后，我休假一段时间去旅游，这结果证明是一个明智的决定。此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前边整个句意。
6、【解析】选A。 句意：小女孩打算和她姐姐在培训中心上钢琴课，在那里她要学习一个小时。先行词是the training centre ， 表示地点的名词， 且从句中缺少状语， 故用关系副词where。 who 引导定语从句时先行词须是表示人的名词， which 在从句中不作状语； what 不能引导定语从句。
7、【解析】选C。句意：---你能相信我花了30美元理发 ---你应该试一试我去的理发店，只花15美元。根据题干the barber’s 在I go这个定语从句中作地点状语，go是不及物动词。where在定语从句中做地点状语。其它几个选项做的是主语，宾语和表语。所以选C。
8【解析】选C。句意为：那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。machine为定语从句的先行词，从句的主语为parts, 其前缺少修饰主语的表示所属关系的关系代词，选whose。
9、【解析】选B。在该句中diet和先行词children之间是所属关系，即所选的词在定语从句中作定语。whose 引导定语从句并且作定语；which/ that引导定语从句并且作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句。
10.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。主句的主语the house后面是省略了which的定语从句, 因此应该用in。
11.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为：由于金融危机, 当地五星级宾馆一晚索价6 000元的日子一去不复返了。先行词days和定语从句被谓语部分所隔开, 因此用when, 指代days并在从句中充当时间状语。if和since不能引导定语从句, 可排除。which虽可引导定语从句, 但在从句中充当主语或宾语, 也不符合语境。
12.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为：她带来了三个朋友, 这三个朋友我以前一个也没见过。先行词为friends, 所以介词后的关系代词应该用whom。them和these均不能引导定语从句, 排除选项A和D。介词后的关系代词也不能用who, 排除B项。
13.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：她决不会忘记在那儿她找到了两年前失踪的儿子的时刻。先行词stay和定语从句之间被副词there所隔开, 根据句意判断选D。
14.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为：一个人的电子邮件账户满了, 就不能收发任何邮件了。先行词为person而定语从句中又缺少定语, 因此用whose。who在定语从句中作主语、宾语; whom在定语从句中只作宾语; 因此排除选项A和B。whoever不能引导定语从句, 因此D项错误。
15.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：生活像长跑比赛, 我们与其他人竞争以超越自我。先行词为race而且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 因此应该用where。what不能引导定语从句, 排除B项; that可引导定语从句, 但在定语从句中作主语或宾语, 不符合语境; why引导定语从句时先行词应为reason。故排除A、C两项。
16.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。先行词为job且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 因此用where。which和that在定语从句中应作主语或宾语; when在定语从句中应作时间状语; 均不符合语境。
17.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为：很多小孩在村里都得到了很好的照顾, 他们的父母远在大城市打工。先行词为children而定语从句中缺少定语, 故用whose。their和of them不能引导定语从句, 排除A和C项; D项不符合语境。
18.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：把孩子放在一个能使他们从另外一个角度认识自己的环境中对他们有益。当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage等名词表示“情况, 方面, 处境”时, 关系副词用where。
19.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：他们已赢得了最后三场比赛, 我发现这确实有点令人惊讶。非限制性定语从句中缺少宾语, 因此用which, 指代前面一句话的内容。what不能用来引导定语从句; that不能引导非限制性定语从句; when在定语从句中作时间状语, 因此排除选项A、B和C。
20.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为：控制枪支是美国人争论很久的话题。argue about sth. 为固定搭配, 意为“争论某事”。
21.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：我出生在路易斯安那州的新奥尔良, 这座城市的名字让我们联想到一幅有着美丽的树木和绿草的图画。先行词为city且定语从句中缺少定语, 故用whose。which和that为关系代词, 在定语从句中作主语或宾语; 若用of which, name前须加the。
22.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。句意为：我已经到了应该自己作决定的那个人生阶段。先行词point和定语从句被介词短语in my life隔开。当先行词是case, condition, situation, position, point, stage等名词表示“情况、方面、处境”时, 定语从句用关系副词where引导。how不能用来引导定语从句; which在定语从句中作主语或宾语; why引导定语从句时先行词应为reason; 因此可排除选项A、C和D。
23【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意为：我的朋友真不错, 他带我绕城转了一圈。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语, 故用which, 指代前面一句话的内容。that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句, 排除B项。where为关系副词, 不能在定语从句中作主语, 排除C项。it不能用来引导定语从句, 排除D项。因此选A。
24.【解析】选B。考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语, 且that不能引导非限制性定语从句, 排除C和D项; which在非限制性定语从句中作主语并指代I met her这件事, 同时排除A项。
25.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意为：莫扎特的出生地以及他谱写The Magic Flute所使用的房子现在都成了博物馆。先行词为house并且定语从句中缺少地点状语, 故用where。when在定语从句中作时间状语; there不能用来引导定语从句; which在定语从句中作主语或宾语, 因此选项B、C、D均错误。
26.【解析】选C。考查“介词+which”引导的非限制性定语从句。句意：世界上许多城市没有进一步扩展的空间, 纽约就是一个例子。先行词是cities, 定语从句中an example与介词of 是固定搭配, 即New York is an example of the cities. 因此选C。
27.【解析】选C。考查定语从句。句意为：那儿的路况很好, 这远超出我们所预料的。which引导非限制性定语从句, 代指前句的内容。A、B两项都不能引导定语从句; D项不能引导非限制性定语从句。
28.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意为：我会给你我朋友家的地址, 在那儿多数晚上我都能被联系到。where引导定语从句, 作状语。which引导定语从句, 在从句中作主语、表语、宾语, 但从句中不缺这些成分; when在定语从句中作时间状语, 而句中已有时间状语most evenings; whom在定语从句中作宾语, 句中也不缺少宾语。
29.【解析】选B。考查非限制性定语从句。句意：植物的生长速度受多种因素影响, 其中多数因素都是人力不能及的。两个分句由逗号隔开, 后一分句是非限制性定语从句, 且of为介词, 其后的关系代词指物时只能用which。
30.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。此题关键是要根据句意判定是定语从句。句意为：我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。occasions 是先行词, 所选关系词在定语从句中要作时间状语, 故选D项。
31.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。which引导非限定性定语从句, 在从句中作visit的宾语。what可引导名词性从句, 不引导定语从句; that不引导非限定性定语从句; where是关系副词, 不作宾语, 通常作地点状语。
32.【解析】选D。考查定语从句与介词辨析。句意为：到了九点钟, 所有的奥运火炬手都到达了珠穆朗玛峰顶, 不一会就在山顶上出现了一道罕见的彩虹。此题易误选B, 火炬应是人们在举着, 与山顶没有接触点, 故应用above而非on。
33.【解析】选D。考查非限制性定语从句。从句中可以看出先行词her car 在定语从句中作动词bought 的宾语, 因此选用关系代词, 故先排除A、B两项, 另外, that不能用于非限制性定语从句。故D项 which 为正确选项。
34.【解析】选A。考查定语从句。句意为：他们将坐飞机去华盛顿, 他们计划在那里逗留两三天。题干中两个分句间无连词, 不是两个单独的句子, 故B项可排除。分析第二个分句可知句中并不缺少主语、宾语, which可排除。由句意可知Washington在第二个分句中作地点状语, where可作关系副词, 引导定语从句, 在句中代替先行词作地点状语, 故选A项。
35.【解析】选D。考查定语从句。句意：那位男士拿出一块金表, 表的指针是由小钻石制成的。which引导非限制性定语从句, 指代先行词watch; the hands of which相当于whose hands。A项中的whom只能指代人; B、C两项不符合定语从句语法结构。介词+which/whom引导的定语从句是近几年高考考查定语从句的重点, 我们可以根据从句中的谓语动词搭配以及句子的意思来判断。
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