四川南充市2018中考人教新课标英语一轮讲解和练习：八下U9—10含答案

四川南充市2018中考人教新课标英语一轮讲解和练习：八下U9—10含答案
中考词汇检测—阅读理解
Several
months
after
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
I
was
badly
hurt
in
a
car
accident,
my
father
sent
me
to
a
blind
school.
　　That
morning
was
the
new
beginning.
I
went
to
this
school
and
I
heard
lots
of
children.
My
new
teacher
took
me
to
the
class
where
we
were
taught
to
write
and
type
in
Braille(盲文)
.
I
found
it
quite
difficult.
　　"Hi,
sweetheart,
how
is
school
going "
asked
my
father.
　　 "Daddy,
I
can't
do
this.
I
try
and
try
but
I
just
don't
get
it.
I
don't
know
if
I
am
ever
going
to
learn
to
read
Braille.
It/s
too
difficult,"
I
cried.
　　 Daddy
just
held
me
in
his
arm
and
said,
"Do
you
remember
that
we
went
to
the
temple
which
is
on
the
top
of
a
mountain
When
we
were
climbing
the
mountain,
my
legs
started
aching,
I
sat
down
and
said,
'I
can't
see
the
temple.
You
can't
see
it
because
it
is
covered
with
fog.
Although
you
can't
see
it,
I
know
it
is
there.
I
will
make
sure
you
will
climb
up
to
it.'"
　
"That
day
you
showed
me
that
just
you
can't
see
something
does
not
mean
it
is
not
there.
So
although
climbing
the
mountain
was
difficult,
I
knew
I
would
get
to
the
top."
　
I
was
cleat
what
my
dad
wanted
me
to
understand.
　　I
went
back
to
school
and
started
with
new
energy.
Very
soon
I
could
red.
　　One
of
my
classmates
said,
"You
are
lucky,
you
know,
you
have
at
least
seen
the
world.
I
have
just
heard
it.
I
have
been
told
there
are
many
colors
in
this
world
but
I
don't
understand
what
color
means."
　
After
listening
to
her
for
the
first
time
in
two
years,
I
felt
lucky.
And
on
that
day
I
learnt
that
although
the
light
in
my
eyes
is
gone,
I
must
see
the
world
with
the
light
in
my
heart.
1.
What
can
we
know
about
the
writer
A.
He
was
born
blind.
B.
He
was
sent
to
a
blind
school
because
he
wanted
to
learn
Braille.
C.
He
couldn't
see
anything
after
a
car
accident.
D.
He
disliked
the
new
school.
2.
What
did
the
writer
think
of
reading
Braille
A.
It
was
easy.
B.
It
was
difficult
C.
It
was
interesting. D.
It
was
boring.
　　
3.
What
did
the
writer's
dad
want
him
to
understand
A. You
can't
see
anything,
but
it
doesn't
mean
it
is
not
there.
B. Climbing
the
mountain
is
as
easy
as
learning
Braille.
C. Nothing
in
the
world
is
difficult
for
one
who
sets
his
mind
to
it.
D. Cheer
up!
Life
is
full
of
choices,
so
choose
to
be
happy.
4.
One
of
the
writer's
classmates
thinks
he
is
lucky
because
the
writer____.
A. has
once
seen
the
world
B. spent
the
least
time
learning
Braille
well
C. knew
the
real
meaning
of
color
D. could
tell
what
the
world
is
like
without
seeing
it
5.
What
does
the
last
paragraph
want
to
tell
us
A. The
most
beautiful
thing
in
the
world
must
be
felt
with
the
heart.
B. People
can't
live
a
happy
life
unless
the
can
see.
C. The
writer
will
live
a
healthy
life
with
the
light
in
his
heart.
D. The
writer's
suffering(痛苦)
would
go
away
in
the
wind.
阅读理解答案：1—5、CBCAC
第一部分：教材基础知识讲解
知识点解析
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../重点词汇解析.TIF"
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MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE
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\
MERGEFORMAT
　encourage的用法
【名师解析】
encourage
v．意为“鼓励”，常用结构为encourage
sb.
to
do
sth.鼓励某人做某事，其被动形式为：be
encouraged
to
do
sth.被鼓励做某事。如：
Parents
should
encour
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )age
children
to
do
things
by
themselves.父母应该鼓励孩子独立做事。
The
young
should
be
encouraged
to
read
more
books.青少年应当被鼓励多读书。
【对点导练】
1．I
often
encourage
m
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )yself__to__behave__(behave)better
in
both
my
life
and
study.
2．He
looks
upset.Let's
go
and__encourage__(鼓励)
him.
INCLUDEPICTURE
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MERGEFORMAT
　辨析whether与if
【名师解析】
区别
用法
例句
相同点
whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。
I
wonder
whether/if
I
can
get
some
advice
from
you.我想知道我能否从你那里得到一些建议。Ask
him
whether/if
he
can
come.问问他是否能来。
续表
区别
用法
例句
不同点
whether
引导的从句常可以与连词or或or
not连用，而if一般不能。
Let
me
know
whether
you
can
come
or
not.让我知道你是否能来。
当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if。
Whether
it
is
true
or
not，I
can't
tell.是真是假，我无法判知。
【对点导练】
　whether,
if　
1．Emma
is
not
sure__if__she
can
arrive
here
on
time.
2．__Whether__you
can
finish
it
on
time
or
not，please
let
me
know.
INCLUDEPICTURE
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MERGEFORMAT
　consider的用法
【名师解析】
consider作“考虑”讲，后面跟n.，pron.，doing或从句。不
能跟动词不定式，但可跟“疑问词＋不定式”。
作
“认为”讲，后面可跟从句，也可跟复合宾语。
如：I'm
considering
going
abroad
some
day.我在考虑有一天能出国。
Let's
consider
how
to
deal
with
this
problem.让我们来思考一下怎样处理这个问题。
【知识拓展】
有关consider的短语：
consider…to
be…认为……是……
consider…as…把……认为是/当作……
如：He
is
considered
to
be
our
leader.他被当作是我们的领导。
She
considered
John
as
a
bad
student.她认为约翰是个差生。
【对点导练】
1．Why
not
con
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sider__visiting__(visit)
Paris？It
is
the
most
fascinating
city
in
the
world.
2．We
all__consider_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_(考虑)
Mr.Liu
as
a
good
teacher.He
is
friendly
to
us
all
the
time.
INCLUDEPICTURE
"../../../知识点4.TIF"
\
MERGEFORMAT
　辨析have
been
to，have
gone
to与have
been
in
【名师解析】
have
been
to→“曾去过某地”，强调
经历，人已经回来
have
gone
to→“到某地去了”，强调去了
未回，人不在说话现场
have
been
in→“在某地待了多久”，强调
过去到现在一直待在某地
注意：当have/has
been
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
to和have/has
gone
to后跟某些地点副词，如here，there和home等时，介词to要省略。
【对点导练】
　have
been
to,
have
gone
to,
have
been
in　
1．Mr.Green__has__been__in__this
city
for
three
years.
2．I__have__been__
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to__Hong
Kong
twice
and
it
is
really
an
amazing
city.
3．Lisa__has__gone__to_
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_the
park
for
two
hours，and
I
think
she
will
be
back
soon.
INCLUDEPICTURE
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MERGEFORMAT
INCLUDEPICTURE
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\
MERGEFORMAT
　I've
had
this
bike
for
three
years.这辆自行车我已经买了三年了。
【名师解析】
现在完成时常和since及for引导的时间状语连用。
since之后常接(1)过
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )去的一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日、钟点)；(2)一段时间＋ago；(3)从句(从句多用一般过去时)来说明动作起始时间。
for之后常接时间段，说明某种情况已经持续了一段时间。句中的谓语动词应用延续性动词。短暂性动词buy可换成have。
现在完成时中，对一段时间提问，常用how
long。如：
My
aunt
has
worked
in
a
bank
since
1992.自从1992年我姑姑就在一家银行工作。
【对点导练】
1．自从离开家我就在北京了。
I
have
been
in
Beijing__since__I
left
home.
2．I've
lived
here__for__(since/for)
ten
years.
INCLUDEPICTURE
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\
MERGEFORMAT
　It's
really
interesting，isn't
it？它真的是有趣的，对吗？
【名师解析】
这是一个反意疑问句。反意疑问句通常由两部分构成：前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一个附在前一部分上的简单疑问句。如：
You
are
a
student，aren't
you？你是个学生，对吗？
反意疑问句前后两部分的人称和时态要一致。如：
John
doesn't
like
watching
TV，does
he？约翰不喜欢看电视，是吗？
回答反意疑问句时要根据实际情况，且前后要一致。如：
—He
is
an
engineer，isn't
he？他是一个工程师，难道不是吗？
—Yes，he
is./No，he
isn't.不，他是。/是，他不是。
【知识拓展】
(1)陈述部分是否定的，疑问部分是肯定的。当陈述部分的谓语动词是否定形式时，疑问部分是肯定形式。如：
She
didn't
find
her
book，did
she？她没有找到她的书，对吗？
(2)当陈述部分含有nothing，nobody，never，hardly等表示否定意义的词时，疑问部分是肯定的。如：
You've
never
been
to
Paris，have
you？你从未去过巴黎，是吗？
【对点导练】
——张一山不是一个演员，是吗？
——是的，他不是。
——不是的，他是一个演员。
—Zhang
Yishan__isn't__an
actor，is
he
—__No__，he__isn't__．
—__Yes__，he
__is__．
第二部分：基础跟踪训练
完形填空。
“Northern
Ji
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )angsu
Province
is
one
of
the
regions
in
China
most
frequently
hit
by
tornadoes(龙卷风)．”
The
national
weather
forecaster
said
on
Friday.The
report
came
after
a
tornado
on
Thursday
hit
Yancheng
in
coastal
Jiangsu
Province，killing
__1__
98
people
and
injuring
more
than
800.
At
around
2
o'clock
__2__
the
afternoon
of
June
23，2016，Chen
Hongming
was
__3__
problems
about
farming
with
other
4
farmers.Suddenly，black
clouds
made
the
sky
very
dark
and
soon
it
rained
__4__
and
blew
strongly.Even
worse，the
roofs
of
the
houses
were
taken
away
by
the
tornadoes.Five
people
were
so
__5__
that
they
caught
the
desk
tightly
and
could
hardly
move.About
one
minute
later，the
wind
shrunk.To
their
__6__，they
found
the
neighborhood
in
a
mess.Fallen
__7__，broken
windows
and
rubbish
were
everywhere.“Help！Help！”
someone
called
sadly.Chen
Hongming
organized
people
to
help
__8__
the
neighborhood
and
saved
villagers
who
were
buried
under
the
houses.They
finished
their
work
at
midnight
and
Chen
realized
that
his
__9__
was
in
hospital.After
he
knew
his
father's
death，he
said
__10__
with
tears
in
his
eyes.And
he
didn't
think
much
about
this
and
continued
his
work.When
the
reporter
__11__
him，he
just
said，“Nothing
is
more
__12__
than
solving
the
problems
for
villagers.”
So
many
people
were
moved
by
his
words，and
people
tried
their
best
to
rebuilt
their
__13__
with
the
lead
of
Chen
Hongming.
__14__
the
tornadoes
broke
many
things
apart，it
brought
families
and
neighbors
close
together.As
a
party
branch
secretary，Chen
Hongming
__15__
what's
the
true
meaning
of
the
people's
public
servant(人民公仆)．We
can
learn
a
lot
from
him，can't
we
(
B
)1.A.at
last　　　　　
　B．at
least
C．at
the
end
D．at
first
(
A
)2.A.on　　　B．in　　　C．at　　　D．from
(
C
)3.A.working
B．getting
C．discussing
D．writing
(
D
)4.A.hardly
B．quickly
C．slowly
D．heavily
(
C
)5.A.excited
B．sad
C．nervous
D．easy
(
A
)6.A.surprise
B．dream
C．happiness
D．luck
(
B
)7.A.flowers
B．trees
C．grass
D．plants
(
C
)8.A.pick
up
B．stay
up
C．clean
up
D．cut
up
(
A
)9.A.father
B．mother
C．brother
D．sister
(
A
)10.A.nothing
B．something
C．anything
D．everything
(
D
)11.A.visited
B．answered
C．studied
D．interviewed
(
A
)12.A.important
B．difficult
C．interesting
D．boring
(
B
)13.A.desk
B．hometown
C．picture
D．building
(
B
)14.A.So
B．Although
C．Because
D．If
(
B
)15.A.listens
B．shows
C．matches
D．asks
第三部分：拓展训练题
一、阅读理解
话题
体裁
词数
难度
建议用时
学习生活
议论文
236
★★★
6分钟
Sitting
on
a
chair
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )all
day
in
school
can
make
anyone
want
to
move
around.
So,
more
and
more
teachers
are
letting
students
have
a
ball.
By
sitting
on
exercise
balls
instead
of
chairs,
teachers
find
students’
posture
(姿势)
and
attention
improve.
Dottie
Pownall,
a
f
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ifth-grade
teacher
in
West
Virginia,
USA,
has
been
using
balls
as
chairs
since
December
2008.
“The
students
love
them”,
she
says.
Pownall
took
a
survey
of
her
students.
She
found
that
80%
of
the
students
thought
sitting
on
the
balls
helped
them
pay
more
attention
to
what
they
were
learning.
The
teacher,
Pisa
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Witt,
felt
so
strong
about
the
use
of
balls
as
chairs
that
she
started
WittFit.
This
company
encourages
the
use
of
the
balls.
And
the
company
educates
not
only
teachers
but
also
students
on
how
to
use
them.
“Our
products
are
used
in
24
states,
three
provinces
in
Canada,
Puerto
Rico
(波多黎各)
and
Japan,
”
says
Witt.
“Research
shows
that
sitting
on
the
balls
makes
them
sit
up
straighter.
You
can
slouch
(低头垂肩地坐)
on
a
ball,
”
says
Witt,
“but
it
feels
awful.
”
Because
when
the
students
are
moving,
their
blood
(血液)
increases.
That
carries
more
oxygen
(氧气)
to
the
brain
(大脑),
so
the
kids
have
more
energy
and
can
focus
longer.
“Furthermore,
they’re
fun.
”
says
Pownall.
1.
What
will
happen
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )if
a
student
sits
on
a
chair
all
day
in
school
The
student
will
_______.
A.
pay
more
attention
to
his
lessons
B.
be
fun
C.
like
to
move
around
D.
sit
up
straighter
2.
How
long
has
Dottie
Pownall
used
the
balls
A.
Since
December
2008.
B.
For
only
one
year.
C.
In
2008.
D.
Since
she
was
a
fifth-grade
teacher.
3.
In
how
many
countries
are
the
balls
used
as
the
students’
chairs
A.
Four.
B.
Three.
C.
Two.
D.
One.
4.
Teachers
choose
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
balls
instead
of
chairs
because
sitting
on
balls
helps
the
kids
_______.
A.
improve
their
posture
and
attention
B.
slouch
on
the
chairs
C.
have
fun
D.
Both
A
and
C
are
correct
answers
5.
Which
is
bet
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter
for
kids
to
study
in
class,
sitting
on
a
chair
or
sitting
on
a
ball
A.
Sitting
on
a
chair.
B.
Sitting
on
a
ball.
C.
They
are
the
same.
D.
We
don’t
know.
1.【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第一段
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第一句话Sitting
on
a
chair
all
day
in
school
can
make
anyone
want
to
move
around.
“在学校里坐在椅子上太久了，就想四处走动一下。”
可知答案选C。
2.【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第二段第一句中的
since
December
2008可知答案选A。
3.【解析】
选A。细节理解题。通读全文可
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )知这种balls是在这四个国家应用：USA,
Canada,
Puerto
Rico,
Japan，故答案选A。
4.【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第一段的最后一句和最后一段可知这种球的功效，故答案选D。
5.【解析】选B。主旨归纳题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是坐在球上学习的好处，故选B。
二、完形填空
The
seasons
in
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Australia
are
opposite(相反)
to
ours.
1
it
is
winter
here,
it
is
summer
there.
Australia
is
2
the
south
of
the
world.
June,
July
and
August
are
the
winter
months.
The
summer
is
in
December,
3
and
February.
The
north
of
the
country
is
4
than
the
south.
Australia’s
main
pr
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oblem
is
water.
A
5
large
part
of
the
country
has
no
rain
at
all.
But
the
east
coast
(海岸)
has
rain
6
the
year
round.
There
are
no
dry
months
here.
In
March,
1982,
ther
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
was
a
terrible
drought
(干旱)
in
Australia.
The
summer
rain
didn’t
7
.
There
were
138
million
sheep
in
Australia
that
year.
This
was
14%
of
all
the
sheep
in
the
world.
Because
there
was
not
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
8
rain
and
the
grass
didn’t
grow
well,
the
farmers
9
to
sell
many
of
their
sheep
and
many
sheep
10
,
too.
It
was
a
great
disaster（灾难）for
Australia
farmers.
(
)
1.
A.
Because
B.
Since
C.
When
D.
For
(
)
2.
A.
in
B.
on
C.
to
D.
near
(
)
3.
A.
November
B.
January
C.
March
D.
October
(
)
4.
A.
colder
B.
cooler
C.
hotter
D.
warmer
(
)
5.
A.
very
B.
so
C.
too
D.
much
(
)
6.
A.
whole
B.
half
C.
all
D.
part
(
)
7.
A.
have
B.
fall
C.
give
D.
keep
(
)
8.
A.
plenty
B.
a
little
C.
a
lot
D.
enough
(
)
9.
A.
have
B.
had
C.
must
D.
needed
(
)
10.
A.
died
B.
dead
C.
death
D.
dying
答案详解:
1.
前句The
seasons
in
Australia…已作出了提示，故应选择连词When。答案为C。
2.
表示在“某一范围之内的某一方’要用介词
in。故答案应为
A。
3.
根据自然常识，一季有三个月。且句中已给出夏季中前后两个月December和February，故答案应为B。
4.
根据地理知识，澳大利亚位于南半球，其北方要比南方更靠近赤道，因此，北方的天气比南方热。故答案为C。
5.
该题考查词汇意义和用法。
so
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和
too不能用在
a
large
part
of结构中，much通常用在形容词或副词的比较级前，以加强语气，也不符合该结构要求。故答案为A。
6.
该题是考查词语的固定搭配。all
the
year
round表示“整年”的意思，故答案为C。
7.
该题是考查语义，fall表示“下雨”的意思，故答案为B。
8.
plenty和
a
lot后不能直接接名词，而
a
little不能与
no搭配使用，故答案为
D。
9.
因前后两句的时态提示，此题答案应为B。
10.
这四个选项的单词都有“死”的意
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )思，由于词性不同，用法也不一样。dead是形容词，death是名词，dying是现在分词，它们都不能充当句子的谓语。故答案为A。
三、任务型阅读
阅读下面两篇短文，根据所给语境，按要求完成下列各题。
You
can
buy
chewing
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gum
in
nearly
every
country
of
the
world.
①
But
it
wasn’t
always
like
that.
The
American
Indi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ans
were
the
first
people
to
chew
gum.
This
gum
came
from
a
special
tree
that
grew
on
their
land.
In
1848,
a
sailor
called
John
Curtis
began
selling
it.
He
was
the
first
person
to
sell
chewing
gum.
The
gum
he
sold
cost
just
a
few
cents
for
two
pieces.
It
became
popular
very
quickly
even
though
it
was
very
hard
to
chew.
②
Nowadays,
other
things
are
added
to
the
gum
to
make
it
soft
and
sweet.
By
1890,
there
wer
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e
hundreds
of
different
chewing
gums.
The
most
famous
name
in
chewing
gum,
however,
is
probably
William
Wrigley.
He
spent
a
lot
of
money
in
advertising
and
even
sent
free
pieces
of
gum
to
children
on
their
birthdays.
③
He
also
said
that
chewing
gum
helped
people
work
better
and
that
it
stopped
people
from
feeling
tired.
Although
today
many
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
millions
of
people
chew
gum,
not
everyone
thinks
it
is
a
good
thing
to
do.
Many
people
think
it
is
dirty.
The
Singapore
government
does
not
allow
people
to
buy
chewing
gum.
One
reason
for
this
is
that
when
some
people
have
chewed
all
the
taste
out
of
their
piece
of
gum,
they
take
it
out
of
their
mouths
and
put
it
on
to
the
backs
of
seats
or
other
places.
【小题1】请将①处翻译成汉语。________________________
【小题2】请根据②处内容完成下面句子。（每空一词）
People
make
chewing
gum
soft
and
sweet
_________something
to
it.
【小题3】把③处改为直接引语。（每空一词）
He
also
said“,
Chewing
gum______
people
work
better
and
it
______
people
from
feeling
tired.”
【参考答案】
【小题1】但是事情并不总是这样。
【小题2】by,
adding
【小题3】helps;
stops
考点：考查任务型阅读
四、短文改错
It
is
interest
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing
to
visit
foreign
country,
but
there
1.________
are
some
problems
if
we
know
the
language
very
well.
2.________
It
may
be
difficulty
to
talk
with
the
people
there.
3.________
We
may
don’t
know
how
to
use
the
telephone
there.
4.________
We
may
not
know
how
to
buy
things
we
needs.
5.________
In
a
strange
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )country,
we
may
not
know
where
to
be
eat
or
what
to
order
in
a
restaurant.
6.________
When
we
need
help,
we
may
not
know
how
to
ask
help.
7.________
It
is
not
a
happy
thi
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng
to
have
an
experience
like
that.
8.________
参考答案：
1.country→countries　这是一个泛指概念，应该是指多个国家，故用countries。
2.know前加don’t　从下文看，应该是不懂语言时会遇到的麻烦。
3.difficulty→difficult　本处应该用形容词形式作表语。
4.don’t→not　may
本身就可以否定，不需要用don’t。
5.needs→need　主语是第一人称，need不能用动词的第三人称单数。
6.去掉be　本句应用主动形式，并且和后面的what
to
order是对应的。
7.ask后加for　用ask
for表示“求助”。
8.√