四川南充市2018中考人教新课标英语一轮讲解和练习：七上U1—4含答案
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| 名称 | 四川南充市2018中考人教新课标英语一轮讲解和练习：七上U1—4含答案 |
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| 更新时间 | 2017-11-20 00:00:00 | ||
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四川南充市2018中考人教新课标英语一轮讲解和练习：七上U1—4含答案
中考词汇检测—阅读理解
Uncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friends. They live next to each other and their farms are both at the foot of the mountain. So they can help each other. But neither of them likes to use his head. They're both poor though they work hard. Most villagers have built new houses, but they still live in the low and broken houses. They never find out why.
Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wife. In the town he heard the apples in a city were expensive. He told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went back. They decided to carry some apples to the city. They borrowed some money from their friends and bought nearly 1,000 kilograms of apples in the villages and carried them to the city on a tractor. Bad luck! A lot of apples has already been carried there when they arrived. A few days later they had to sell them at a low price (价格)。They felt unhappy and returned to their village.
"I can't understand why we sustained (蒙受) losses in business while others always profit (盈利)" Uncle Li asked one day.
"The tractor was too small " Uncle Wang said without thinking. "We'll carry more apples on a truck next time!"
"I agree!" said Uncle Li. "How foolish (傻的) we were !"
1. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang live in the low and broken houses because __________.
A. they hope to save money
B. they're both poor
C. their farms are at the foot of the mountain
D. they're not far from their farms
2. The two farmers carried the apples to the city to _________.
A. make a journey B. visit some places of interest
C. meet their friends D. make a profit
3. the tow farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because ________.
A. theirs weren't as good as the others'
B. theirs were much less than the others'
C. a lot of apples had been already carried to the city
D. they forgot to carry them on a truck
4. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang were unhappy because _________.
A. they had sustained losses in business
B. they had lost some money in the city
C. something was wrong with the tractor
D. other people profited in the city
5. Which of the following is true?
A. The two farmers found out why they were poor.
B. The two farmers will soon get rich.
C. Neither of the farmers is clever.
D. The two farmers decided to buy a truck.
【参考答案】1—5、BDCAC
第一部分：教材基础知识讲解
,知识点解析
help的用法
【名师解析】
(1)n. 帮助；援助。此时是不可数名词。如：
without one's help 没有某人的帮助
ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助
(2)v. 帮助；援助。helpful adj. 有益的；有帮助的。
【知识拓展】
help v. 意为“帮；帮助”，主要用法为：
(1)help sb. to do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，to可以省略。如：
Can you help me to learn English？你能帮助我学英语吗？
(2)help to do sth.意为“帮助做某事；有助于做某事”。如：
Could you help to open the window？你能帮忙打开窗子吗？
(3)help oneself (to)意为“随便吃(食物等)”。如：
Please help yourself to some fish.请随便吃点鱼。
(4)help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事；在……方面帮助某人”。如：
Can you help him with this work？你能帮助他完成这项工作吗？
(5)with the help of＝with one's help意为“在某人的帮助下”。如：
With the help of her，he found his lost child.在她的帮助下，他找到了他失踪的小孩。
(6)can't help do sth.意为“没有能力去帮助做某事”。如：
He couldn't help to wash the clothes.他不能帮忙洗衣服。
(7)can't help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”。如：
She couldn't help smiling.她情不自禁地笑起来。
(8)口语句式：Could you help me，please？你能帮助我吗？May I help you？＝Can I help you？我可以帮助你吗？
【对点导练】
1．让我来帮助你。
__Let__ me __help__ you.
2．With the __help__(help) of my sister，I can finish the work so early.
with 的用法
【名师解析】
(1)意为“和……在一起”；
(2)意为“具有；带有”，介词短语常用作后置定语；
(3)意为“用”，表示用某种工具；
(4)表示伴随，作状语。
【知识拓展】
help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物
be angry with 对……生气
get on well with 与……相处融洽
to start with 起初；开始时
be born with 天生具有
deal/do with 处理
agree with sb.同意某人
【对点导练】
1．我们的英语老师总是对我们要求很严格。
Our English teacher is always __strict__ __with__ us.
2．She is tall and thin __with__(有) long hair.
辨析say，speak，talk与tell
【名师解析】
词汇
用法
say强调说话的内容，后可跟宾语从句
speak强调说话的能力，作及物动词时，常跟某种语言作宾语。作不及物动词时，表示“发言”，常用搭配：speak at a meeting 在会上发言。另外还可以在电话用语中出现，如，Is this sb. speaking？
talk指连续不断地讲话，强调与某人交谈。talk to sb.“和某人谈话”；talk with sb.“和某人交谈”；talk about“讨论；谈论”
tell“告诉；讲述”，强调讲给别人听。tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”；tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人关于某事”；tell sb. (not) to do sth.“告诉某人(不要)做某事”
【对点导练】
tell，speak，talk，say
1．Don't forget to __say__ “Thanks” when you get help.
2．One student __told__ the general secretary that he was very interested in learning the technology.
3．Does your language teacher __speak__ Chinese in class?
4．The general secretary went into the practical training building and __talked__ to the teachers and students who were training before the machine.
辨析family，home与house
【名师解析】
词汇
含义
用法
family
家庭
强调家庭成员
home
家；家乡
指家庭成员在一起生活的地方
house
房子
主要指建筑物、住宅等，可以包含若干房间(rooms)
【图解助记】
【对点导练】
1．这是托尼的全家福照片。
This is a photo of Tony's __family__．
2．去年我哥哥建了一座新房子。
My brother built a new __house__ last year.
3．他把中国看作第二个故乡。
He considers China as his second __home__．
( C )4.(资阳中考)Sally considers Wuhan to be her second ________ because she has lived here for 13 years.
A．family B．house C．home D．room
辨析good，fine，nice与well
【名师解析】
good，fine，nice和well都有“好”的意思，常见用法如下表：
词汇
用法
good
说明人的品质好或物的质量好
fine
侧重于“质量的精细、身体健康”，常表示品质、特点和能力的好，还可表示“天气晴好”
nice
指某人或某物能取悦他人的感官，使人感到喜悦、感到舒适，含有“美好的；美妙的；漂亮的”等意思；还可表示“对人友好和蔼”
well
作形容词指身体健康状况好；作副词时指某一动作做得好
【对点导练】
good，fine，nice，well
1．—Your daughter's skirt looks very __nice__．
—Thanks a lot.
2．It is____good__ for your health to do morning exercises every day.
3．What __fine__ weather! Let's go out for a walk.
4．I am very __well__，thanks.
辨析and，but，or与so
【名师解析】
连词
作用
含义
例句
and
并列；顺承
和；然后
Listen to some music，and you'll feel more relaxed.
but
转折
但是
I like English songs，but I can't sing any.
or
结果
否则
Tell me the truth, or I'll get angry.
so
因果
所以
I didn't have lunch，so I'm hungry now.
【对点导练】
and，but，or，so
1．Put on your sweater，__and__ you'll feel much warmer.
2．I got up late，__so__ I had to take a taxi to school.
3．Work hard，__or__ you'll fail the test.
4．I don't know why I love you __but__ I do.
辨析it，one与that
【名师解析】
词汇
用法
it
指代前面提到的同一个事物，其复数为they/them
one
表示泛指，指前面提到过的同一类人或事物中的一个，相当于a/an＋名词，其复数为ones
that
表示特指，指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，相当于the＋名词，其复数为those
【一言辨异】
I have a new pen.My father bought it for me.And he bought one for my brother，too.我有一支新钢笔，是我爸爸买给我的(这支钢笔)。而且他也给我弟弟买了一支(相似的但非上文那支)。
【对点导练】
1．Mom，my old coat is too small.Can you buy a new __one__ for me?
2．—What are you doing here?
—I have lost my dictionary.I am looking for __it__．
3．The weather in China is different from __that__ in South Africa.
( B )4.(广东中考)—I am a little hungry，Daddy.
—See the cupcakes on the plate？But you can only take ____．Dinner is ready soon.
A．it B．one C．this D．that
辨析look，watch，read与see
【名师解析】
词汇
含义及用法
例句
look
指“集中注意力地看”，是有意的，强调“看”的动作。单独使用时，用来引起对方的注意；如果跟宾语，要与at，for等词连用。
Look! Tom is over there.看！汤姆在那儿。
Look at the blackboard，please.请看黑板。
watch
强调“专注地看”，有欣赏的意味，常用于看电视、看球赛等。
Do you watch TV at night？你晚上看电视吗？
read
指“看”时，实指“阅读”，常用于看书、看报等。
I like reading at home.我喜欢在家看书。
see
强调“看”的结果，意为“看见；看到”。
How many birds can you see in the tree？你能看到树上有多少只鸟儿？
【对点导练】
1．I can't __find__(找到)my pen.Did you __see__(看见) it?
2．Do you like __watch__(看) the TV play The first half of my life(《我的前半生》)?
辨析look for，find与find out
【名师解析】
词汇
含义
区别
look for
意为“寻找”
强调找的动作
find
意为“找到”
强调找的结果
find out
意为“查明”
指把事情查清楚、弄明白
【对点导练】
1．The little boy was __looking__for__(寻找)his mother，at last he __found__(找到)his mother with the help of the police.
2. 我的钥匙丢了，我到处找，但我找不到。
My keys are lost.I __looked__for__ them here and there，but I can' t __find__ them.
3．你查明汤姆迟到的原因了吗？
Did you____find__out__ why Tom was late?
辨析some与any
some作定语时，表“一些；有的”常用于肯定句中。它可以修饰可数名词的复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。如：
There are some bananas on the tree.树上有一些香蕉。
any “一些；任何”。常用于否定句和疑问句中，也可以用在if条件句中。如：
I don't have any ink now.现在我没有墨水了。
If you have any questions，raise your hands please.如果你有一些问题，请举手。
【知识拓展】
(1)some有时也用在疑问句中，表示委婉客气的语气，希望得到肯定的回答。如：
Can I have some meat，Mom？妈妈，我能吃一些肉吗？
(2)any也可以用于肯定句中，这时它的意思是“任何”。如：
Any man knows that.任何人都知道。
【对点导练】
—Would you like __some__ (一些) water?
—Yes，please.
Excuse me，Grace. Is this your pencil？打扰了，格雷丝。这是你的铅笔吗？
【名师解析】
excuse me是日常生活中人们提出请求、询问或表示自己要做的事可能会打搅他人时常用的客套语，以示歉意或礼貌，有“劳驾；打扰”的意思。如：
Excuse me，which is the way to the park？打扰一下，去公园怎么走？
【知识拓展】辨析Excuse me，I'm sorry与Pardon
Excuse me意为“劳驾；请问；请原谅；对不起；打扰了”，会话时的客套话，通常放在句首，常用于与陌生人搭话、打断别人说话等场合，一般在事前请他人帮忙或需要打扰别人时使用。
I' m sorry/Sorry “对不起；抱歉”。一般用于事后对所犯错误或不能满足对方要求等表示歉意，其答语通常是That's all right./Not at all./Never mind./It doesn't matter.等。
Pardon是“I beg your pardon”的省略形式，常用于正式场合，当做错了事向别人道歉或对谈话提出异议时，译为“原谅；宽恕；对不起”；当没听清对方的话，请求重复时，译为“请再说一遍”。
【对点导练】
1．对不起，打扰了，请问附近有银行吗？
__Excuse__ __me__，is there a bank near here?
2．对不起，我不该那样说你。
__I'm__ __sorry__，I shouldn't say like that about you.
What about this dictionary？这本字典(是谁的)的呢？
【名师解析】
What about…？＝How about…？意为“……怎么样？”，用来征求他人的意见或看法，后跟名词、代词或动名词。如：
What about the weather in your city？你所在的城市天气怎么样？
What about going to the movies？去看电影怎么样？
注意：表示提建议和请求的句型还有：
(1)“Why don't you＋动词原形？”用来向对方提建议，意为“为什么不……呢？”，与“Why not＋动词原形？”用法一致。
(2)“You'd better＋动词原形．”意为“你最好……”。其否定形式直接在better后加not。
【对点导练】
1．下周去上海迪士尼公园如何？
__What/How__ __about__ going to Shanghai Disneyland Park next month?
2．What about __going__(go) swimming this afternoon?
Thank you for your help，Anna.谢谢你的帮助，安娜。
【名师解析】
thank you for…＝thanks for…，意为“因……而感谢”。for是介词，后接名词或动词-ing形式。如：
Thank you for your letter.感谢你的来信。
Thank you for having me.＝Thanks for having me.感谢你邀请我。
注意：thanks to…意为“多亏……；由于……”相当于because of。
【对点导练】
由于政府大力支持，环境污染才得以控制。
__Thanks__to__ the government's great support，the pollution of our environment has been controlled well.
第二部分：基础跟踪训练
(2017沈阳中考)完形填空。
A long time ago，there was a king in India.The king's __1__ game was chess.
One day，a wise old man __2__ to the palace and the king challenged him to __3__ game.The king promised the old man，“You can __4__ any prize if you win the game.”
The old man __5__，“If I win the game，I'd like one grain of __6__ for the first square of the chessboard，two for the second，four for the __7__，and then double the amount for each of the __8__ of the squares.”
“Is that all？” asked the king，“Wouldn't you like gold or silver __9__？”
“No，just rice.” replied the old man.
The king and the old man played the game __10__ a long time.Finally，the old man won.__11__ the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice.He __12__ one grain on the first square，two on the second，and so on.The king quickly realized the __13__—even with all the rice in the country，he would __14__ not have enough rice to put on all the __15__！
( B )1.A.boring B．favorite
C．dangerous D．famous
( A )2.A.came B．faced
C．brought D．turned
( B )3.A.an B．a C．the D．/
( C )4.A.make B．try C．have D．give
( D )5.A.told B．talked C．spoke D．said
( B )6.A.sweet B．rice C．bean D．cake
( A )7.A.third B．fourth C．fifth D．sixth
( D )8.A.whole B．couple C．part D．rest
( A )9.A.instead B．too C．again D．once
( C )10.A.in B．at C．for D．from
( B )11.A.But B．So C．Or D．Yet
( C )12.A.found B．used C．put D．took
( A )13.A.problem B．decision
C．advice D．opinion
( B )14.A.hardly B．still
C．just D．also
( A )15.A.squares B．bags
C．areas D．spaces
第三部分：拓展训练题
一、阅读理解
话题
体裁
词数
难度
建议用时
人物
记叙文
314
★★★
6分钟
As the CEO and founder of Apple, Jobs hardly talked about his personal life in public. Here are some specific things.
1. Early life and childhood Jobs was born in San Francisco on February 24, 1955. He was adopted(收养) shortly after his birth by a couple(夫妇) named Clara and Paul Jobs. He grew up in California. Later in life, Jobs discovered who were his birth parents. However, Jobs only had some communication with his birth mother.
2. College dropout After leaving high school, Jobs entered Reed College in 1972. Jobs stayed there for only one semester, because his parents couldn’t afford his education.
3. An important date Jobs actually missed a meeting because of his first date(约会)with his wife, Lauren Powell. He said, “I was in the parking lot (停车场)with the key in the car, and I thought to myself, ‘If this is my last night on Earth, would I rather spend it at a business meeting or with this woman? ’ I ran across the parking lot, and asked her if she’d have dinner with me. She said yes, we walked into town and we’ve been together ever since. ”
4. His sister is a famous author Later in his life, Jobs met up with his biological sister Mona Simpson, the famous author of Anywhere But Here.
5. His first daughter When he was 23, Jobs and his high school girlfriend Brennan had a daughter, Lisa Brennan Jobs. He and Brennan never married. Jobs paid for his first daughter’s education at Harvard. She graduated in 2000 and now works as a magazine writer.
6. His fortune As the CEO of Apple, Jobs only took $1 a year, but Jobs leaves behind a vast fortune. In 2011, with $8. 3 billion, he was the 110th richest person in the world, according to Forbes.
根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)
( )1. Jobs often told his personal life before others.
( )2. Jobs didn’t grow up with his birth parents.
( )3. When Jobs was a student, his family wasn’t rich.
( )4. Jobs fell in love with Lauren Powell after he met up with her.
( )5. Lisa Brennan Jobs is a famous author.
1.【解析】F。由第一段 “. . . Jobs hardly talked about his personal life in public. ”可知，乔布斯很少在公共场合谈论他的私生活。
2.【解析】T。由第二段中的“He was adopted shortly after his birth by a couple named Clara and Paul Jobs. He grew up in California. ”可知，乔布斯是跟着他养父母长大的。
3.【解析】T。由第三段最后一句“Jobs stayed there for only one semester, because his parents couldn’t afford his education. ”可知，乔布斯的养父母并不富有。
4.【解析】T。由第四段最后一句乔布斯的叙述可知。
5.【解析】F。由第六段可知Lisa Brennan Jobs是乔布斯的第一个女儿，她现在是一家杂志的撰稿人，并非著名的作家。
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C或者D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Stuart and Steve were twin brothers. Stuart loved to play basketball. But Steve loved to read books.
One day Stuart was playing basketball 1 he fell and broke his leg. When they took him to the hospital, the doctor said he wouldn’t be able to play for six months. Steve went 2 him and brought him books on basketball. At first Stuart wasn’t going to read them. Then he began to read them and 3 that there were ways he could play basketball better. He began to think that books weren’t that 4 .
When Stuart’s leg started getting better, Steve would help him by going for walks with him. 5 Stuart’s doctor said he could start playing basketball again. Then Stuart showed Steve how to toss (投) for baskets. Steve found that he enjoyed it.
Then Stuart was ready to 6 the basketball games. Steve went to games and enjoyed himself. They then 7 practiced basketball and read books together.
So you can see, when 8 happens, something good may also happen. Steve showed Stuart about books and Stuart showed Steve about basketball. So you can also 9 showing others something that you like to do and they can show you something that they like to do. 10 you can find new things to do.
( )1. A. until B. when C. after D. where
( )2. A. on seeing B. to call C. to visit D. to look
( )3. A. saw B. looked C. read D. found
( )4. A. good B. bad C. better D. worse
( )5. A. But B. However C. Finally D. So
( )6. A. take part B. win C. lose D. join in
( )7. A. always B. never C. seldom D. much
( )8. A. anything good B. something nice
C. something bad D. anything wrong
( )9. A. try B. practice C. enjoy D. like
( )10. A. On the way B. By the way C. All the way D. In this way
【参考答案】1— 5 BCDBC 6—10 DACAD
三、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据短文内容选择适当的句子填入空缺处。
Tony loved basketball. One afternoon on his way to a basketball game, he was walking and dreaming about playing college basketball the next year. 1． and he was thrown three meters into the air.
Tony woke up in a hospital room. When the doctor told him that both his legs were broken, he knew his college basketball dreams were over. 2． , but it didn’t work. After he left the hospital, Tony was sent to a health center.
A week after he arrived there, he met Sunny Chen. Sunny used to be a coach. His legs were hurt badly in a skating accident. 3． , Sunny became a coach of a basketball team called the Suns．It was an on-wheelchair basketball team，because everybody on the team played from a wheelchair. 4． . Tony played badly, but for the first time since the accident, he stopped feeling sorry for himself.
After becoming a part of the Suns，Tony improved quickly． 5． .Tony was much better than before. When Tony became sad or angry, Sunny was there to be with him. The day before Tony left the center, he had dinner with Sunny. He asked Sunny how he could be so happy, even with his broken legs.
Sunny smiled and said, “It’s really quite easy. When you keep your face to the sun, the shadows fall behind.”
A. Tony did what the doctors told him
B. Suddenly a car hit him
C. Basketball was like medicine for him
D. Though he couldn’t move his legs
E. Sunny invited Tony to join the game
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C
【解析】
试题分析：一辆车撞了Tony，他双腿骨折，很难过。在Sunny的鼓励下，Tony重新变得阳光起来。
1．B根据he was thrown three meters into the air.可知，正确答案为B. Suddenly a car hit him突然一辆车撞了他。
2．A根据 but it didn’t work.和上下文故该题正确答案为A. Tony did what the doctors told him. Tony做了医生告诉他的事情。
3．D根据Sunny became a coach of a basketball team called the Suns．即该题选D. Though he couldn’t move his legs虽然他不能动他的腿。
4．E根据Tony played badly,可知选E. Sunny invited Tony to join the game。Sunny 邀请Tony参加这次比赛。
5．C根据Tony was much better than before.和上下文可知，正确答案为C. Basketball was like medicine for him篮球就像他的药。
【难度】较易
四、短文改错
Have you ever heard from the saying: All work and no 76._____________
play make Jack a dull boy?What this means is that if you 77._____________
study all the times you will become a boring person. You 78._____________
must go out and having fun with your friends, otherwise 79. _____________
you will lose him. No one wants to be friends with the 80._____________
person who that only works and studies. Perhaps you have 81._____________
a confidence problem. Please try remember that the work 82._____________
you do is for yourself rather than for anyone else. You do 83._____________
not have to compete your classmates. No one can be 84._____________
happier in studying seven days and seven nights a week. 85._____________
参考答案------短文改错
76. from—of/about 77. make—makes 78. times—time
79. having—have 80. him—them 81. that去掉
82. try后加to 83.正确 84. compete加against/with
85. happier—happy
中考词汇检测—阅读理解
Uncle Li and Uncle Wang are good friends. They live next to each other and their farms are both at the foot of the mountain. So they can help each other. But neither of them likes to use his head. They're both poor though they work hard. Most villagers have built new houses, but they still live in the low and broken houses. They never find out why.
Once Uncle Li went to town to buy some medicine for his wife. In the town he heard the apples in a city were expensive. He told Uncle Wang about it as soon as he went back. They decided to carry some apples to the city. They borrowed some money from their friends and bought nearly 1,000 kilograms of apples in the villages and carried them to the city on a tractor. Bad luck! A lot of apples has already been carried there when they arrived. A few days later they had to sell them at a low price (价格)。They felt unhappy and returned to their village.
"I can't understand why we sustained (蒙受) losses in business while others always profit (盈利)" Uncle Li asked one day.
"The tractor was too small " Uncle Wang said without thinking. "We'll carry more apples on a truck next time!"
"I agree!" said Uncle Li. "How foolish (傻的) we were !"
1. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang live in the low and broken houses because __________.
A. they hope to save money
B. they're both poor
C. their farms are at the foot of the mountain
D. they're not far from their farms
2. The two farmers carried the apples to the city to _________.
A. make a journey B. visit some places of interest
C. meet their friends D. make a profit
3. the tow farmers had to sell their apples at a low price because ________.
A. theirs weren't as good as the others'
B. theirs were much less than the others'
C. a lot of apples had been already carried to the city
D. they forgot to carry them on a truck
4. Uncle Li and Uncle Wang were unhappy because _________.
A. they had sustained losses in business
B. they had lost some money in the city
C. something was wrong with the tractor
D. other people profited in the city
5. Which of the following is true?
A. The two farmers found out why they were poor.
B. The two farmers will soon get rich.
C. Neither of the farmers is clever.
D. The two farmers decided to buy a truck.
【参考答案】1—5、BDCAC
第一部分：教材基础知识讲解
,知识点解析
help的用法
【名师解析】
(1)n. 帮助；援助。此时是不可数名词。如：
without one's help 没有某人的帮助
ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助
(2)v. 帮助；援助。helpful adj. 有益的；有帮助的。
【知识拓展】
help v. 意为“帮；帮助”，主要用法为：
(1)help sb. to do sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，to可以省略。如：
Can you help me to learn English？你能帮助我学英语吗？
(2)help to do sth.意为“帮助做某事；有助于做某事”。如：
Could you help to open the window？你能帮忙打开窗子吗？
(3)help oneself (to)意为“随便吃(食物等)”。如：
Please help yourself to some fish.请随便吃点鱼。
(4)help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事；在……方面帮助某人”。如：
Can you help him with this work？你能帮助他完成这项工作吗？
(5)with the help of＝with one's help意为“在某人的帮助下”。如：
With the help of her，he found his lost child.在她的帮助下，他找到了他失踪的小孩。
(6)can't help do sth.意为“没有能力去帮助做某事”。如：
He couldn't help to wash the clothes.他不能帮忙洗衣服。
(7)can't help doing sth.意为“情不自禁做某事”。如：
She couldn't help smiling.她情不自禁地笑起来。
(8)口语句式：Could you help me，please？你能帮助我吗？May I help you？＝Can I help you？我可以帮助你吗？
【对点导练】
1．让我来帮助你。
__Let__ me __help__ you.
2．With the __help__(help) of my sister，I can finish the work so early.
with 的用法
【名师解析】
(1)意为“和……在一起”；
(2)意为“具有；带有”，介词短语常用作后置定语；
(3)意为“用”，表示用某种工具；
(4)表示伴随，作状语。
【知识拓展】
help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
provide sb. with sth.为某人提供某物
be angry with 对……生气
get on well with 与……相处融洽
to start with 起初；开始时
be born with 天生具有
deal/do with 处理
agree with sb.同意某人
【对点导练】
1．我们的英语老师总是对我们要求很严格。
Our English teacher is always __strict__ __with__ us.
2．She is tall and thin __with__(有) long hair.
辨析say，speak，talk与tell
【名师解析】
词汇
用法
say强调说话的内容，后可跟宾语从句
speak强调说话的能力，作及物动词时，常跟某种语言作宾语。作不及物动词时，表示“发言”，常用搭配：speak at a meeting 在会上发言。另外还可以在电话用语中出现，如，Is this sb. speaking？
talk指连续不断地讲话，强调与某人交谈。talk to sb.“和某人谈话”；talk with sb.“和某人交谈”；talk about“讨论；谈论”
tell“告诉；讲述”，强调讲给别人听。tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”；tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人关于某事”；tell sb. (not) to do sth.“告诉某人(不要)做某事”
【对点导练】
tell，speak，talk，say
1．Don't forget to __say__ “Thanks” when you get help.
2．One student __told__ the general secretary that he was very interested in learning the technology.
3．Does your language teacher __speak__ Chinese in class?
4．The general secretary went into the practical training building and __talked__ to the teachers and students who were training before the machine.
辨析family，home与house
【名师解析】
词汇
含义
用法
family
家庭
强调家庭成员
home
家；家乡
指家庭成员在一起生活的地方
house
房子
主要指建筑物、住宅等，可以包含若干房间(rooms)
【图解助记】
【对点导练】
1．这是托尼的全家福照片。
This is a photo of Tony's __family__．
2．去年我哥哥建了一座新房子。
My brother built a new __house__ last year.
3．他把中国看作第二个故乡。
He considers China as his second __home__．
( C )4.(资阳中考)Sally considers Wuhan to be her second ________ because she has lived here for 13 years.
A．family B．house C．home D．room
辨析good，fine，nice与well
【名师解析】
good，fine，nice和well都有“好”的意思，常见用法如下表：
词汇
用法
good
说明人的品质好或物的质量好
fine
侧重于“质量的精细、身体健康”，常表示品质、特点和能力的好，还可表示“天气晴好”
nice
指某人或某物能取悦他人的感官，使人感到喜悦、感到舒适，含有“美好的；美妙的；漂亮的”等意思；还可表示“对人友好和蔼”
well
作形容词指身体健康状况好；作副词时指某一动作做得好
【对点导练】
good，fine，nice，well
1．—Your daughter's skirt looks very __nice__．
—Thanks a lot.
2．It is____good__ for your health to do morning exercises every day.
3．What __fine__ weather! Let's go out for a walk.
4．I am very __well__，thanks.
辨析and，but，or与so
【名师解析】
连词
作用
含义
例句
and
并列；顺承
和；然后
Listen to some music，and you'll feel more relaxed.
but
转折
但是
I like English songs，but I can't sing any.
or
结果
否则
Tell me the truth, or I'll get angry.
so
因果
所以
I didn't have lunch，so I'm hungry now.
【对点导练】
and，but，or，so
1．Put on your sweater，__and__ you'll feel much warmer.
2．I got up late，__so__ I had to take a taxi to school.
3．Work hard，__or__ you'll fail the test.
4．I don't know why I love you __but__ I do.
辨析it，one与that
【名师解析】
词汇
用法
it
指代前面提到的同一个事物，其复数为they/them
one
表示泛指，指前面提到过的同一类人或事物中的一个，相当于a/an＋名词，其复数为ones
that
表示特指，指代不可数名词或可数名词单数，相当于the＋名词，其复数为those
【一言辨异】
I have a new pen.My father bought it for me.And he bought one for my brother，too.我有一支新钢笔，是我爸爸买给我的(这支钢笔)。而且他也给我弟弟买了一支(相似的但非上文那支)。
【对点导练】
1．Mom，my old coat is too small.Can you buy a new __one__ for me?
2．—What are you doing here?
—I have lost my dictionary.I am looking for __it__．
3．The weather in China is different from __that__ in South Africa.
( B )4.(广东中考)—I am a little hungry，Daddy.
—See the cupcakes on the plate？But you can only take ____．Dinner is ready soon.
A．it B．one C．this D．that
辨析look，watch，read与see
【名师解析】
词汇
含义及用法
例句
look
指“集中注意力地看”，是有意的，强调“看”的动作。单独使用时，用来引起对方的注意；如果跟宾语，要与at，for等词连用。
Look! Tom is over there.看！汤姆在那儿。
Look at the blackboard，please.请看黑板。
watch
强调“专注地看”，有欣赏的意味，常用于看电视、看球赛等。
Do you watch TV at night？你晚上看电视吗？
read
指“看”时，实指“阅读”，常用于看书、看报等。
I like reading at home.我喜欢在家看书。
see
强调“看”的结果，意为“看见；看到”。
How many birds can you see in the tree？你能看到树上有多少只鸟儿？
【对点导练】
1．I can't __find__(找到)my pen.Did you __see__(看见) it?
2．Do you like __watch__(看) the TV play The first half of my life(《我的前半生》)?
辨析look for，find与find out
【名师解析】
词汇
含义
区别
look for
意为“寻找”
强调找的动作
find
意为“找到”
强调找的结果
find out
意为“查明”
指把事情查清楚、弄明白
【对点导练】
1．The little boy was __looking__for__(寻找)his mother，at last he __found__(找到)his mother with the help of the police.
2. 我的钥匙丢了，我到处找，但我找不到。
My keys are lost.I __looked__for__ them here and there，but I can' t __find__ them.
3．你查明汤姆迟到的原因了吗？
Did you____find__out__ why Tom was late?
辨析some与any
some作定语时，表“一些；有的”常用于肯定句中。它可以修饰可数名词的复数，也可以修饰不可数名词。如：
There are some bananas on the tree.树上有一些香蕉。
any “一些；任何”。常用于否定句和疑问句中，也可以用在if条件句中。如：
I don't have any ink now.现在我没有墨水了。
If you have any questions，raise your hands please.如果你有一些问题，请举手。
【知识拓展】
(1)some有时也用在疑问句中，表示委婉客气的语气，希望得到肯定的回答。如：
Can I have some meat，Mom？妈妈，我能吃一些肉吗？
(2)any也可以用于肯定句中，这时它的意思是“任何”。如：
Any man knows that.任何人都知道。
【对点导练】
—Would you like __some__ (一些) water?
—Yes，please.
Excuse me，Grace. Is this your pencil？打扰了，格雷丝。这是你的铅笔吗？
【名师解析】
excuse me是日常生活中人们提出请求、询问或表示自己要做的事可能会打搅他人时常用的客套语，以示歉意或礼貌，有“劳驾；打扰”的意思。如：
Excuse me，which is the way to the park？打扰一下，去公园怎么走？
【知识拓展】辨析Excuse me，I'm sorry与Pardon
Excuse me意为“劳驾；请问；请原谅；对不起；打扰了”，会话时的客套话，通常放在句首，常用于与陌生人搭话、打断别人说话等场合，一般在事前请他人帮忙或需要打扰别人时使用。
I' m sorry/Sorry “对不起；抱歉”。一般用于事后对所犯错误或不能满足对方要求等表示歉意，其答语通常是That's all right./Not at all./Never mind./It doesn't matter.等。
Pardon是“I beg your pardon”的省略形式，常用于正式场合，当做错了事向别人道歉或对谈话提出异议时，译为“原谅；宽恕；对不起”；当没听清对方的话，请求重复时，译为“请再说一遍”。
【对点导练】
1．对不起，打扰了，请问附近有银行吗？
__Excuse__ __me__，is there a bank near here?
2．对不起，我不该那样说你。
__I'm__ __sorry__，I shouldn't say like that about you.
What about this dictionary？这本字典(是谁的)的呢？
【名师解析】
What about…？＝How about…？意为“……怎么样？”，用来征求他人的意见或看法，后跟名词、代词或动名词。如：
What about the weather in your city？你所在的城市天气怎么样？
What about going to the movies？去看电影怎么样？
注意：表示提建议和请求的句型还有：
(1)“Why don't you＋动词原形？”用来向对方提建议，意为“为什么不……呢？”，与“Why not＋动词原形？”用法一致。
(2)“You'd better＋动词原形．”意为“你最好……”。其否定形式直接在better后加not。
【对点导练】
1．下周去上海迪士尼公园如何？
__What/How__ __about__ going to Shanghai Disneyland Park next month?
2．What about __going__(go) swimming this afternoon?
Thank you for your help，Anna.谢谢你的帮助，安娜。
【名师解析】
thank you for…＝thanks for…，意为“因……而感谢”。for是介词，后接名词或动词-ing形式。如：
Thank you for your letter.感谢你的来信。
Thank you for having me.＝Thanks for having me.感谢你邀请我。
注意：thanks to…意为“多亏……；由于……”相当于because of。
【对点导练】
由于政府大力支持，环境污染才得以控制。
__Thanks__to__ the government's great support，the pollution of our environment has been controlled well.
第二部分：基础跟踪训练
(2017沈阳中考)完形填空。
A long time ago，there was a king in India.The king's __1__ game was chess.
One day，a wise old man __2__ to the palace and the king challenged him to __3__ game.The king promised the old man，“You can __4__ any prize if you win the game.”
The old man __5__，“If I win the game，I'd like one grain of __6__ for the first square of the chessboard，two for the second，four for the __7__，and then double the amount for each of the __8__ of the squares.”
“Is that all？” asked the king，“Wouldn't you like gold or silver __9__？”
“No，just rice.” replied the old man.
The king and the old man played the game __10__ a long time.Finally，the old man won.__11__ the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice.He __12__ one grain on the first square，two on the second，and so on.The king quickly realized the __13__—even with all the rice in the country，he would __14__ not have enough rice to put on all the __15__！
( B )1.A.boring B．favorite
C．dangerous D．famous
( A )2.A.came B．faced
C．brought D．turned
( B )3.A.an B．a C．the D．/
( C )4.A.make B．try C．have D．give
( D )5.A.told B．talked C．spoke D．said
( B )6.A.sweet B．rice C．bean D．cake
( A )7.A.third B．fourth C．fifth D．sixth
( D )8.A.whole B．couple C．part D．rest
( A )9.A.instead B．too C．again D．once
( C )10.A.in B．at C．for D．from
( B )11.A.But B．So C．Or D．Yet
( C )12.A.found B．used C．put D．took
( A )13.A.problem B．decision
C．advice D．opinion
( B )14.A.hardly B．still
C．just D．also
( A )15.A.squares B．bags
C．areas D．spaces
第三部分：拓展训练题
一、阅读理解
话题
体裁
词数
难度
建议用时
人物
记叙文
314
★★★
6分钟
As the CEO and founder of Apple, Jobs hardly talked about his personal life in public. Here are some specific things.
1. Early life and childhood Jobs was born in San Francisco on February 24, 1955. He was adopted(收养) shortly after his birth by a couple(夫妇) named Clara and Paul Jobs. He grew up in California. Later in life, Jobs discovered who were his birth parents. However, Jobs only had some communication with his birth mother.
2. College dropout After leaving high school, Jobs entered Reed College in 1972. Jobs stayed there for only one semester, because his parents couldn’t afford his education.
3. An important date Jobs actually missed a meeting because of his first date(约会)with his wife, Lauren Powell. He said, “I was in the parking lot (停车场)with the key in the car, and I thought to myself, ‘If this is my last night on Earth, would I rather spend it at a business meeting or with this woman? ’ I ran across the parking lot, and asked her if she’d have dinner with me. She said yes, we walked into town and we’ve been together ever since. ”
4. His sister is a famous author Later in his life, Jobs met up with his biological sister Mona Simpson, the famous author of Anywhere But Here.
5. His first daughter When he was 23, Jobs and his high school girlfriend Brennan had a daughter, Lisa Brennan Jobs. He and Brennan never married. Jobs paid for his first daughter’s education at Harvard. She graduated in 2000 and now works as a magazine writer.
6. His fortune As the CEO of Apple, Jobs only took $1 a year, but Jobs leaves behind a vast fortune. In 2011, with $8. 3 billion, he was the 110th richest person in the world, according to Forbes.
根据短文内容，判断正(T)误(F)
( )1. Jobs often told his personal life before others.
( )2. Jobs didn’t grow up with his birth parents.
( )3. When Jobs was a student, his family wasn’t rich.
( )4. Jobs fell in love with Lauren Powell after he met up with her.
( )5. Lisa Brennan Jobs is a famous author.
1.【解析】F。由第一段 “. . . Jobs hardly talked about his personal life in public. ”可知，乔布斯很少在公共场合谈论他的私生活。
2.【解析】T。由第二段中的“He was adopted shortly after his birth by a couple named Clara and Paul Jobs. He grew up in California. ”可知，乔布斯是跟着他养父母长大的。
3.【解析】T。由第三段最后一句“Jobs stayed there for only one semester, because his parents couldn’t afford his education. ”可知，乔布斯的养父母并不富有。
4.【解析】T。由第四段最后一句乔布斯的叙述可知。
5.【解析】F。由第六段可知Lisa Brennan Jobs是乔布斯的第一个女儿，她现在是一家杂志的撰稿人，并非著名的作家。
二、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C或者D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Stuart and Steve were twin brothers. Stuart loved to play basketball. But Steve loved to read books.
One day Stuart was playing basketball 1 he fell and broke his leg. When they took him to the hospital, the doctor said he wouldn’t be able to play for six months. Steve went 2 him and brought him books on basketball. At first Stuart wasn’t going to read them. Then he began to read them and 3 that there were ways he could play basketball better. He began to think that books weren’t that 4 .
When Stuart’s leg started getting better, Steve would help him by going for walks with him. 5 Stuart’s doctor said he could start playing basketball again. Then Stuart showed Steve how to toss (投) for baskets. Steve found that he enjoyed it.
Then Stuart was ready to 6 the basketball games. Steve went to games and enjoyed himself. They then 7 practiced basketball and read books together.
So you can see, when 8 happens, something good may also happen. Steve showed Stuart about books and Stuart showed Steve about basketball. So you can also 9 showing others something that you like to do and they can show you something that they like to do. 10 you can find new things to do.
( )1. A. until B. when C. after D. where
( )2. A. on seeing B. to call C. to visit D. to look
( )3. A. saw B. looked C. read D. found
( )4. A. good B. bad C. better D. worse
( )5. A. But B. However C. Finally D. So
( )6. A. take part B. win C. lose D. join in
( )7. A. always B. never C. seldom D. much
( )8. A. anything good B. something nice
C. something bad D. anything wrong
( )9. A. try B. practice C. enjoy D. like
( )10. A. On the way B. By the way C. All the way D. In this way
【参考答案】1— 5 BCDBC 6—10 DACAD
三、任务型阅读
阅读短文，根据短文内容选择适当的句子填入空缺处。
Tony loved basketball. One afternoon on his way to a basketball game, he was walking and dreaming about playing college basketball the next year. 1． and he was thrown three meters into the air.
Tony woke up in a hospital room. When the doctor told him that both his legs were broken, he knew his college basketball dreams were over. 2． , but it didn’t work. After he left the hospital, Tony was sent to a health center.
A week after he arrived there, he met Sunny Chen. Sunny used to be a coach. His legs were hurt badly in a skating accident. 3． , Sunny became a coach of a basketball team called the Suns．It was an on-wheelchair basketball team，because everybody on the team played from a wheelchair. 4． . Tony played badly, but for the first time since the accident, he stopped feeling sorry for himself.
After becoming a part of the Suns，Tony improved quickly． 5． .Tony was much better than before. When Tony became sad or angry, Sunny was there to be with him. The day before Tony left the center, he had dinner with Sunny. He asked Sunny how he could be so happy, even with his broken legs.
Sunny smiled and said, “It’s really quite easy. When you keep your face to the sun, the shadows fall behind.”
A. Tony did what the doctors told him
B. Suddenly a car hit him
C. Basketball was like medicine for him
D. Though he couldn’t move his legs
E. Sunny invited Tony to join the game
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C
【解析】
试题分析：一辆车撞了Tony，他双腿骨折，很难过。在Sunny的鼓励下，Tony重新变得阳光起来。
1．B根据he was thrown three meters into the air.可知，正确答案为B. Suddenly a car hit him突然一辆车撞了他。
2．A根据 but it didn’t work.和上下文故该题正确答案为A. Tony did what the doctors told him. Tony做了医生告诉他的事情。
3．D根据Sunny became a coach of a basketball team called the Suns．即该题选D. Though he couldn’t move his legs虽然他不能动他的腿。
4．E根据Tony played badly,可知选E. Sunny invited Tony to join the game。Sunny 邀请Tony参加这次比赛。
5．C根据Tony was much better than before.和上下文可知，正确答案为C. Basketball was like medicine for him篮球就像他的药。
【难度】较易
四、短文改错
Have you ever heard from the saying: All work and no 76._____________
play make Jack a dull boy?What this means is that if you 77._____________
study all the times you will become a boring person. You 78._____________
must go out and having fun with your friends, otherwise 79. _____________
you will lose him. No one wants to be friends with the 80._____________
person who that only works and studies. Perhaps you have 81._____________
a confidence problem. Please try remember that the work 82._____________
you do is for yourself rather than for anyone else. You do 83._____________
not have to compete your classmates. No one can be 84._____________
happier in studying seven days and seven nights a week. 85._____________
参考答案------短文改错
76. from—of/about 77. make—makes 78. times—time
79. having—have 80. him—them 81. that去掉
82. try后加to 83.正确 84. compete加against/with
85. happier—happy