九年级下册课件/中考英语名词冠词复习课件

课件50张PPT。Revision of Junior English九年级 Welcome to our English classNouns
名词名 词
表示人、事物、地点的名称或者抽象概念的词 分为专有名词和普通名词专有名词
表示个别的人、事物、地点等专有的名称。专有名词第一个字母要大写
* Lucy
* China
* the Summer Palace普通名词
分为可数名词和不可数名词
★可数名词
表示人、事物、地点等的名称。
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式之分
名词的单数形式
一般可用___来修饰
* a car *a book
在元音发音开头的单词前用 ___
* an elephant
* an apple
请区别：___ useful machine
aan a名词的复数形式
1.复数形式的构成方法
(1) 一般在复数名词后加“s”读/s/or/z/
* dog – * book –
(2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加“es”/iz/
*box – *watch – dogs books boxes watches(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i加“es” /iz/
* country –
* factory –
请区别：如果是元音字母加y 结尾的名词则只须加“s”
* boy –
* monkey – countriesfactoriesboysmonkeys(4) 以o结尾的名词加“s” /z/
* radio – * zoo –
只有 potato tomato hero加“es”构成复数
potato – tomato –
hero --
(5) 以f、fe 结尾的名词,变f、fe 为v再加“es” /vz/
* half – * shelf –
*knife – * leaf –
radioszoospotatoestomatoesheroeshalvesshelvesknivesleaves2.特殊变化的单词
(1)单复数同形
Chinese – fish –
Japanese – sheep –
(2)变元音字母oo为ee
tooth – foot – ChinesefishJapanesesheepteethfeet3.变man为 men
man – woman –
policeman –
Frenchman –
请区别：German(德国人) –
American——
4. 其它形式
child – mouse – menwomenpolicemenFrenchmenGermansAmericanschildrenmice 5.一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况
(1)将中心词变为复数
girlfriend –
grandchild –
(2) man,woman 构成的合成词，每个名词都要变成复数
a man doctor –
a woman teacher – girlfriendsgrandchildrenmen doctorswomen teachers只有复数形式的词由两个相同部分组成的词以-ing结尾的名词glasses (眼镜)，trousers(裤子)，gloves(手套)，shoes(鞋子),scissors(剪子)，socks(袜子)Savings(储蓄)，greetings(问候)其他以复数形式出现的名词Stairs(楼梯)，twins(双胞胎)，thanks(感谢) 7.可用how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, some，a lot of 等修饰可数名词复数
*There are a few people in the park.
*How many knives are there in your pencil-box?用什么来修饰可数名词★不可数名词
物质名词和抽象名词属于不可数名词如:
食物bread,meat,rice,cheese,fish,beef……饮料milk,water,cola,coffee,wine,tea……自然物质air,soil,sand,wood……情感love,peace,friendship,happiness……概念exercise,knowledge,news,population……学科math(s),goegraphy,physics,chemistry…… 1.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数
*Some bread _____(be) over there.
*No news ______(be) good news.
2.常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, some, any等来修饰不可数名词
*They had ____(很多)money.
*He does ______(很少)housework at home.不可数名词的伙伴isismuchlittle 3.常用a piece of, a cup of, a glass of,a bottle of等来表示不可数名词的量,单复数表现在of 前面的名词上，而 of 后始终是单数
*There is _________(一张)paper in the book.
*____________ (三杯)orange are on the desk.a piece ofThree glasses of注意：
可数名词也可用量来表示， of 后用复数
Eg.哪儿有两袋衣服.
* There are two bags of clothes over there.
我们有五箱苹果。
* We have five boxes of apples. 4.有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情
况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同
(1) glass(玻璃)– a glass
paper(纸) – a paper
work(工作) – a work
room(空间) – a room(玻璃杯)
(报纸)(著作)
(房间)名词的一般用法
★名词做定语
1.修饰另一名词时,一般用单数
* He has two pencil-boxes.
* There are three banana trees over there.
2.man woman用做定语时,应与后面的名词保持数的一致
*We need a man teacher.
*They are all women workers.★名词做主语时,应注意名词的数，避免主谓不一致。
* Her family is a large one and her family are all teachers.
她家是一个大家庭,她的家人都是老师。
*There is a pair of glasses on the desk.
桌上有一副眼镜名词所有格
表示名词间的所有关系“ …的”
一.名词所有格的构成方法
1.单数名词后加“’ s”
*Tom ’ s book *my friend’ s uncle
2.以s结尾的复数名词,则在s后加“ ’”即可
*Teachers ’ Day *two weeks ’ holiday 3.不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格,仍按惯例加“’ s”
* Children’ s Day * men’ s shoes
4.用of加名词，构成所属关系的短语，主要用于表示无生命名词的所有关系
*the color of the wall
*a picture of the classroom二.名词所有格的几个注意点
1.可用名词所有格表示地点, 地点名词习惯上省略
* my aunt’s ( home） (我姑姑家）
* go to the teachers’ ( office）
(去老师办公室）
? 2.表示两人共同拥有,在最后一个名词后加“’s”
* Lucy and Lily’s room
露西和莉莉的房间（两人共有一间房间）
请区别: Lucy’s and Lily’s rooms
露西的房间和莉莉的房间
（两人各有一间房间）3、Notice:
(1)时间、距离、城镇、团体等名词也可使用’s表示所有格：
明天的工作
中国的人口
半个小时的路程
（2）名词短语较长时常用of表示所有格

滴在地板上的水滴声
tomorrow’s workChina’s populationhalf an hour’s walkthe sound of water dropping on the floor(3) 双重所有格
我的一个朋友
我姐姐的最爱a friend of minethe favourite of my sister’s exerciseArticle
冠词冠 词
虚词，本身无独立的意义， 它用来帮助说明名词所指的人或物是泛指还是特指
不定冠词a, an（泛指）
定冠词 the （特指）1.不定冠词的用法
1)表示某人(事物)的某一种类
* My father is a driver.
* Do you like an apple or a pear?
2) 表示某一事物中的任何一个
*An elephant is bigger than a horse.
*A monkey can climb trees. 3)表示某人某物,但不具体说明何人何物。
*A student from Class Two runs fastest.
*A man is calling now.
4)表示数量， 有“一” 的含义
*There is a flower in the vase.
*A panda has a mouth , a nose，two eyes. 5)有些不可数名词要表示“一种”、“一场”、“一堆”时， 须加不定冠词
*a heavy snow *a strong wind
*make a fire *have a good time
6)用于固定词组
*half an hour *a moment ago * a lot of
*have a rest *a little a few *a pair if2.定冠词的用法
1)指上文提到过的人或物,用定冠词the
2)世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the
*the sun *the moon *the earth
3)定冠词the用于序数词前或表示方位的名词前和形容词最高级前
*the first *the best *in the south 4)乐器名称前用定冠词the
* play the piano * play the violin
5)在复数姓氏前加the，表示××一家人，常看成复数
*The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.
=The Brown family are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer. 6)在一些形容词前，表示一类人
*the rich 富人 *the old 老人
*the deaf 聋子
在一些专有名词和习惯用语中常用定冠词the
* the Great Wall *by the way
*in the morning *on the right
*behind the chair *all the time 3.不用冠词
1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年、学科等词前不用冠词
*in summer *in August
*on Sunday *study physics
请区别：in the spring of 1945
(特指,加the )
2)一日三餐和球类运动名词前不用冠词
*have breakfast *play football 3)名词前已有this, that, my, your, some, any,each作定语,不用冠词
* They met here this morning.
* Each boy has a workbook.
4)一些专有名词、不可数名词、称呼、头衔不用冠词
China Grade Two
Mr.Li Dr.Liu meat 5）表示颜色、语种、国家前不用冠词
* in purple * in red
* Japanese * Britain
6）固定词组
* go to bed * by bus
* at night * in time4.在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同
★ in front of 在…前面
in the front of 在…范围内的前部
*There is a tree in front of the house.
房子前面有一棵树
* The teachers’ desk is in the front of the classroom.
讲台在教室的前部 ★ in hospital (生病)住院
in the hospital 在医院里
*He’s ill in hospital.
他生病住院。
*My parents work in the hospital.
我的父母在医院工作。Exercises用名词的正确形式填空
1 He cut the apple into ________ (half).
2 The ________ (potato) are mine.
3 How many ________ (family) are there in this town?
4 There are ten ________ (deer) on the farm.
5 These ________ (German) are __________
(businessman).
6 Last week we went to the __________ (child) Park.halvespotatoesfamiliesdeerGermansbusinessmenChildren’s( )1 I found ____ good news in ____ newspaper.
A. a, a B.a piece of , a piece of
C.a, a piece of D. a piece of , a
( )2 What ____ it is today!
A. a fine weather B. fine weather
C. fine a weather D. the fine weather
( )3 To their _____ , they have all passed the exam.
A. surprise B. surprising
C. surprises D. surprised
DBA( )4 Lucy is ____ sister.
A. Mary and Jack B. Mary’s and Jack’s
C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jack’s
( )5 Please make ____ for him. He is very tired.
A. any room B. any room
C. some rooms D. some room
( )6 The model plane was made by a ____ boy.
A. ten-years-old B. ten-year-older
C. ten-year-old D. ten-year oldDDC( ) 7 He went to the ____ to buy a pair of shoes.
A shoes store B shoe store
C shoe’s store D shoes’ store
( ) 8 I will give you ____ to finish it.
A two week’s time B two weeks’ time
C two week time D two weeks time
( ) 9 The two bedroom are the ____.
A twins B twin’s C twins’ D twins
BBC( ) 10 This is an old photo of mine when I ____.
A have short hairs B had short hairs
C have short hair D had short hair
( ) 11 I think the country is much more beautiful than any other ____ in the world.
A country B countries
C the country D the countries
( ) 12 John’s uncle has many friends. Mr. Shute is a friend of ____.
A John’s uncle B John uncle’s
C John’s uncle’s D John uncleDACSee you laterExercises
1 There is ________ “m” in ________ word “mother”.
2 Did you play ________ basketball or play ________ piano after _______school?
3 Turn right at ________ third crossing on ________ left.
4 They got to ________ moon by ________ spaceship.
5 She is ________ university student, she likes ________ music of ________ film.ana/the/thethethe/athethe6 We didn't have _______ history yesterday, we went to visit ________ History Museum.
7 ________ Smiths went to ________ capital of ________ China last year.
8 What ________ windy day it is!
9 His ________ best friend flew to ________ France ________ last week.
10 ________ Chinese doctor told him to take _____ three times ______ day/theThethe/a///A/a