Period Two Learning about Language
Grammar：The Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative
过去分词作表语和定语
1．过去分词作定语
(1)单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，有时也放在被修饰的名词之后。
My friend is a returned student.
我的朋友是个归国的留学生。
The excited people rushed into the hall.
激动的人们冲进大厅。
There is no time left.没有多少时间了。
(2)过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
The student dressed in white is my daughter.
＝The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.
穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。
Is there anything planned for tonight
＝Is there anything that has been planned for tonight
今晚安排了什么活动没有？
The book，written in 1957，tells the struggle of the miners.
＝The book，which was written in 1957，tells the struggle of the miners.
这本书是1957年写的，讲的是关于矿工斗争的故事。
过去分词作定语与所修饰词之间存在两种意义关系：一是及物动词表被动意义(或已完成的被动动作)；二是不及物动词表示完成意义。
an organized trip有组织的旅行(被动)
The question discussed was very important.
被讨论的问题非常重要。(即表被动又表完成)
boiled water开水(完成)
fallen leaves落叶(完成)
2．过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语，表示主语所处的状态(用作表语的过去分词大多已形容词化)。这种结构从形式上看与被动语态相同，但后者表示主语所承受的动作。
He is very tired after a long walk.
走了很长的路，他感到很累。(系表结构)
This window is broken.这个窗户破了。(系表结构)
This window was broken by the naughty boy there.
这个窗户是被那边那个顽皮的男孩打破的。(被动语态)
3．现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别：
现在分词作定语表示主动意义，过去分词作定语一般表示被动含义。
现在分词作定语表示动作正在进行，过去分词作定语表示状态或动作已完成。
The child standing over there is my brother.
站在那儿的男孩是我弟弟。
The room facing south is our classroom.
朝南的房间是我们的教室。
He is an advanced teacher.他是位高级教师。
4．现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别：
v． ing形式表示“令人……的”，多用来修饰物；v. ed形式表示“某人感到……的”，多用来修饰人。
The book is very interesting.这本书很有趣。
He is very interested in the book.
他对这本书很感兴趣。
This is a moving story.这是一个感人的故事。
We were deeply moved by the story.
我们被这个故事深深地打动了。
The news is very exciting.这消息太激动人心了。
I was excited at the news.
听到这个消息我很激动。
注意：(1)v. ing形式也可以修饰人，v. ed形式也可以修饰物，要根据句意选择适当的形式。
the worried expression忧虑的表情
the disappointing boy令人失望的孩子
(2)英语中一些表示心理变化的动词，其中v. ing和v. ed形式通常起形容词作用，在句中作定语或表语，常用的这类词有：
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．—Can those________at the back of the classroom hear me
—No problem.
A．seat B．sit C．seated D．sat
答案 C
解析 “________at the back of the classroom”为分词短语作定语。sit为不及物动词，可用sitting...作定语；seat为及物动词，常与反身代词连用或用be seated形式。这里seat 与those构成逻辑上的动宾关系，故用其过去分词作定语。
2．We finished the run in less than half the time ________.
A．allowing B．to allow
C．allowed D．allows
答案 C
解析 句意为：我们用了不到被允许的时间的一半就跑完了。time后缺少定语，“时间”与“允许”之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。
3．Please remain ________；the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
A．seating B．seated
C．to seat D．to be seated
答案 B
解析 句意为：请在座位上坐着；很快就会宣布获奖者。seat是及物动词，remain/be seated保持坐着的状态，坐着。
4．The trees ________ in the storm have been moved off the road.
A．being blown down B．blown down
C．blowing down D．to blow down
答案 B
解析 句意为：在暴风雨中被吹倒的树已经被从道路上移走了。“树木”的后面缺少定语，因为blow down与trees之间是动宾关系，且是已经完成的动作，故用过去分词短语blown down。
5．It is one of the funniest things________on the Internet so far this year.
A．finding B．being found
C．to find D．found
答案 D
解析 found此处为过去分词作后置定语，用来修饰things，与things构成被动关系。句意为：这是今年到目前为止在因特网上发现的最滑稽的事情之一。
6．The Town Hall________in the 1880’s was the most distinguished building at that time.
A．to be completed B．having been completed
C completed D．being completed
答案 C
解析 completed in the 1880’s为过去分词短语作定语修饰the Town Hall，二者之间为被动关系；D项表示动作正在发生，不合题意；B项不能作限制性的定语。
7．At the beginning of class，the noise of desks________could be heard outside the classroom.
A．opened and closed B．to be opened and closed
C．being opened and closed D．to open and close
答案 C
解析 本题考查非谓语动词作定语。过去分词作定语表完成、被动；不定式作定语表将来；现在分词作定语表示正在进行。句意为：开始上课时，在教室外面就能听到开关课桌的声音。此处表示开关课桌的动作正在进行，因此用现在分词作定语。
8．The________dishes lay on the floor.
A．breaking B．broken
C．broke D．break
答案 B
解析 本题考查非谓语动词作定语。句意为：那些打碎了的盘子在地上。
9．It was such a________job that I really felt________.
A．tiring；tiring B．tired；tired
C．tiring；tired D．tired；tiring
答案 C
解析 tiring使人疲劳的，令人厌倦的；tired疲劳的，累的。
10．There’s a big dog________to a fence outside the house.
A．tying B．tied C．to tie D．ties
答案 B
解析 本题考查分词作定语，tie“拴，系”和修饰的词dog之间有被动关系，故选tied。句意为：有一条狗拴在房子外面的篱笆上。
11．His ability________in those years was praised by all of us.
A．showing B．be showing
C．shown D．was shown
答案 C
解析 句意为：这几年他表现出来的能力让所有的人赞叹。因为show和his ability之间是动宾关系，故用shown。
12．He seemed quite________at the idea.
A．pleasing B．pleased
C．please D．pleasant
答案 B
解析 pleased感到高兴的；pleasing令人高兴的；pleasant令人愉快的，舒适的，合意的，故选B项。
13．The boy________by the police has no parents.
A．questioned B．has been questioned
C．having been questioned D．questioning
答案 A
解析 句意为：被警察盘问的那个孩子没有父母。question与the boy是动宾关系，故选A项。
14．From the date________on the gold coin，we decided it was made 600 years ago.
A．marking B．marked
C．to be marked D．being marked
答案 B
解析 句意为：从金币上所标的日期看，我们断定它是600年前制造的。the date和mark之间是动宾关系，故选B项。
15．The girl________down by a car was dying.
A．knock B．knocking
C．knocked D．to knock
答案 C
解析 句意为：被车撞的那个女孩快要死了。the girl和knock之间动宾关系，故选C项。
16．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain________as the plane was making a landing.
A．seat B．seating
C．seated D．to be seating
答案 C
解析 remain seated保持坐着的状态，坐着，seated作表语。
17．This is the problem________so quickly last evening.
A．having been settled B．settle
C．be settled D．settled
答案 D
解析 句意为：这是昨晚很快就解决了的那个问题。settle与problem之间是动宾关系，且动作已经完成，故选D项。
18．I don’t know the girl________in the snowstorm.
A．to catch B．caught
C catching D．to be catching
答案 B
解析 be caught in遭遇到，遇到。
19．Facing the________situation，the sales manager looked________.
A．puzzling；puzzled B．puzzling；puzzling
C．puzzled；puzzled D．puzzled；puzzling
答案 A
解析 puzzling令人迷惑不解的，莫名其妙的，puzzled感到迷惑的，困惑的。
20．The door remained________.
A．lock B．to lock
C．locking D．locked
答案 D
解析 remain locked保持锁着的状态，仍然锁着。
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．This exposed(曝光了的)film is useless.
2．Many old people died from the polluted(污染的)air.
3．The drunken(喝醉酒的)drivers are likely to cause accidents.
4．This book written_by_Lu_Xun(鲁迅写的)is very good.
5．My spoken_English(英语口语)is very bad.
6．He looked very_excited(很激动)．
7．The problem discussed_at_the_meeting yesterday(在昨天会议上讨论过的)was very difficult to solve.
8．He became very_surprised(非常地惊讶)when he heard the news.
9．The boy was very frightened(害怕)when his father got angry.
10．Are you very disappointed(失望的)at losing the game
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
Snow can be very beautiful.When snow covers everything around you，the world looks like a “Winter Wonderland”．That is the name of a very popular song about winter.Richard Smith and Felix Bernard wrote the song in 1934.
But winter is not always such a beautiful and happy time.It is cold outside.The wind blows and makes it even colder.The days are shorter and darker.The sun rarely shines.The leaves on the trees are brown or have fallen to the ground.The flowers are mostly gone.It is not surprising that some people are sad in winter.And some people dream about being somewhere else where it is warm and pretty—like the state of California.The Mamas and the Papas recorded their famous song，“California Dreaming” in 1965.
During the 1960s，many other famous rock groups sang songs about winter.There was a song sung by Simon and Garfunkel called “A Hazy Shade of Winter”．They sang about life and hope.
In 1968，the group Blood，Sweat and Tears recorded this gentle，sad song about winter.They sang about the lost love and forgotten memories in “Sometimes in Winter”．
Gordon Lightfoot wrote and recorded another sad and lovely song about winter in 1975.Sarah McLachlan recorded “Song for a Winter’s Night” for an album in 2006.She sang about reading a love letter and wishing the writer were with her.
Finally，on a lovely note，we leave you this sad song by Wayne.
1．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．“Winter Wonderland” is a song written by two brothers.
B．Most people feel very sad in winter.
C．“California Dreaming” is the most famous song about winter.
D．Winter is not always a happy time.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据“But winter is not always such a beautiful and happy time.”可知冬天的时光并不总是快乐的。
2．What does the underlined word “rarely” in the second paragraph mean
A．Often. B．Never.
C．Hardly. D．Sometimes.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据“It is cold outside.The wind blows and makes it even colder.The days are shorter and darker.”的语境可知，冬天很少见到阳光，故选C项。
3．What do we learn about the song “Sometimes in Winter” from the passage
A．It was written for Sarah McLachlan.
B．Gordon Lightfoot made some changes to it.
C．It is a gentle and sad song about winter.
D．It first came out in the 1970s.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段的“In 1968，the group Blood，Sweat and Tears recorded this gentle，sad song about winter.”可知C项正确。
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．It is usually warm in California in winter.
B．“Song for a Winter’s Night” is a very happy song.
C．Blood，Sweat and Tears are the names of three singers.
D．Simon and Garfunkel often felt sad.
答案 A
解析 理解推断题。根据第二段的“And some people dream about being somewhere else where it is warm and pretty—like the state of California.”可知很多人梦想着冬天可以去温暖和美丽的加州，由此可推断加州的冬天很温暖。
5．Where is this passage most probably taken from
A．Newspaper. B．TV news.
C．Radio program. D．Magazine.
答案 C
解析 理解推断题。根据文章最后一句“Finally，on a lovely note，we leave you this sad song by Wayne.”可知文章最有可能来自一个电台节目。
B
Jenny，
I often think if I am as important to you as you are to me.
We had an unhappy time yesterday.I really felt sad after it and almost apologized(道歉)to you.However，you could still laugh and talk with others like nothing had happened.I suddenly realized that I was not important to you.You didn’t even realize that I was angry and sad.What’s more，you even forgot my birthday this year.
Goodbye，my friend.I have closed my feelings toward you.It is sad to say goodbye，my friend.But it is meaningless(无意义的)for us to be friends any longer.
Lucy
Dear Lucy，
I’m sorry that I hurt you so much yesterday.But here is something I really need to tell you.I never thought the quarrel we had yesterday was as serious as you thought.I just felt tired and didn’t feel like going shopping.Susan and Lily are also my good friends.I couldn’t pretend(假装)not to see them when they passed by.I also couldn’t let them know I was blue because of the quarrel.I didn’t want them to feel sad just because I was sad.I’m your best friend，but I don’t want to be your only friend.I don’t want to be with you all the time because sometimes I need to have my own time.I want to spend some time with my other friends and my brother.Please try to make more friends.You will feel much happier if you have more friends.And remember，I’m your best friend forever!
Jenny
6．What’s the purpose of Lucy’s letter
A．To tell Jenny that she is really sorry for what happened yesterday.
B．To tell Jenny she doesn’t want to be friends with her any longer.
C．To ask Jenny not to be friends with Susan or Lily.
D．To ask Jenny if she means as much to her as she means to her.
答案 B
解析 作者意图题。根据Lucy的信的最后一段，可知她写这封信的目的是想告诉Jenny她以后再也不想跟她继续做朋友了。
7．What’s the cause of the quarrel yesterday
A．Jenny laughed and talked with others.
B．Jenny didn’t notice that Lucy was sad.
C．Jenny didn’t want to go shopping.
D．Jenny didn’t remember Lucy’s birthday.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Jenny信中提到的“I just felt tired and didn’t feel like going shopping.”可推断她们吵架的原因是Jenny不想去购物。
8．In the letter，Jenny suggests Lucy should________.
A．make more friends
B．leave her alone
C．make friends with Susan and Lily
D．spend more time with her family
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据Jenny信中的“Please try to make more friends.”可知她建议Lucy多交些朋友，而不是只有她一个朋友。
9．According to the passage，if we say someone is blue，we mean he/she is________.
A．angry B．sad C．kind D．happy
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据“I didn’t want them to feel sad just because I was sad .”可知be blue在这里是指“伤心的、不愉快的”。
10．After reading Jenny’s letter，we learn that________.
A．Jenny and Lucy are both students
B．Lucy doesn’t know how to keep a healthy friendship
C．a friend in need is a friend indeed
D．Lucy is Jenny’s only friend
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据Jenny的信，我们可知Lucy仅仅因为Jenny不想陪她去购物就很伤心，还跟她吵架，后来看到Jenny跟别的朋友聊天，她就很气愤，最后又写信说要跟Jenny断交，由此可推断Lucy不知道怎样维持健康的朋友关系。Period Three Using Language
1
?用法点拨
The writer personally contributed ￡5,000 to the earthquake fund.
那位作家亲自捐赠了5 000英镑给地震基金。
He offered to contribute to the Red Cross.
他主动向红十字会捐款。
Why don’t you contribute to English Weekly
你为何不向《英语周报》投稿？
?归纳拓展
contributor n．投稿者；捐助者
contribution n．贡献；捐献；捐助；投稿
contribute to为……作出贡献；把……投入；给……投稿；有助于，促使
make a contribution to...对……作出贡献
?佳句背诵
(1)Plenty of fresh air contributes to health.
足够的新鲜空气有助于健康。
(2)The old man has contributed a lot to his company.
这位老人为他的公司作出了很大贡献。
(3)I have contributed several articles to Beijing Evening News，but none of them have been published.
我已经给《北京晚报》投了好几篇稿，可一篇也没发表过。
2
Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make＋a＋noun.观察下面的动词然后转换成make＋a＋noun结构。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
The dam is still under construction.
大坝仍在建造中。
This is a perfect construction.
这是一个完美的建筑。
The tunnel was constructed in 1996.
这条隧道是1996年修建的。
?归纳拓展
under construction＝being built在建造中
construction industry建筑业
a construction firm建筑公司
construct v．建造；构筑
constructor n．建造者，建设者
constructive adj.建设性的，有益的
?完成句子
(1)They are going to construct_a_bridge(建一座桥)over the river.
(2)He works in_a_construction_firm(在一家建筑公司)．
(3)He has played a valuable_and_constructive(重要而积极的)role in the project.
3
The Christian Church rejected his theory，saying it was...基督教教会拒绝接受他的理论，说……(回归课本)
?用法点拨
I don’t want to reject any help.
我不想拒绝任何帮助。
Reject all the spotted apples.
扔掉所有带斑点的苹果。
He rejected my suggestion.
他拒绝了我的提议。
?归纳拓展
reject sth. out of hand坚决拒绝……，彻底否决……
reject n．废品；下脚料；落选者
rejection n．拒绝接受；否定；冷落
?佳句背诵
(1)The government have rejected the plan out of hand.
政府彻底否决了这项计划。
(2)The man rejected the baby in the field.
那人把婴儿丢在田野中。
(3)Fear of rejection prevents many people from forming close relationships.
害怕遭受冷落使许多人不敢与人建立密切关系。
4
I will need to be/become positive.我将需要变得积极一点儿。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
I have positive attitude to everything.
我对每件事都采取积极的态度。
They are not positive of/about my honesty.
他们不相信我是诚实的。
We couldn’t be sure if her reaction would be positive.
我们不能确定她的反应会不会是赞同的。
?归纳拓展
be positive of/about...确信……，肯定……
be positive about...乐观的/积极的
a positive result良好的结果
to have a good/bad/positive/negative attitude towards sb./sth.对某人(或事物)持好的/坏的/肯定的/否定的态度
?完成句子
(1)Are_you_positive(你确定)that there’s been no mistake
(2)Students learn better in_this_positive environment(在这样良好的环境中)．
(3)You have every reason to be_positive_about_the_future(对未来感到乐观)．
5
His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas，but Copernicus was cautious.他的朋友都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公诸于世，而他却小心谨慎。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He is very enthusiastic about the plan.
他对这项计划十分热心。
My parents are enthusiastic skiers.
我的父母是滑雪迷。
?归纳拓展
be enthusiastic for/about sth.对某事热心
enthusiastically adv.热情地
enthusiasm n．热心，热情；狂热；后面常加for
enthusiast n．热衷者，热心者
?佳句背诵
(1)For a while，we were enthusiastic about the idea.
我们曾一度对这个想法很感兴趣。
(2)His enthusiasm for music has stayed strong throughout his 23 years in radio.
在整整23年的电台生涯里，他一直酷爱着音乐。
(3)Business leaders gave an enthusiastic welcome to the proposal.
商界领袖热烈欢迎这项提议。
6
...，but Copernicus was cautious.但哥白尼却小心谨慎。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He was cautious when he was riding the bicycle.
他骑自行车的时候很小心。
Companies seem cautious about investing money in research and development.
公司在研究开发方面的投资似乎比较谨慎。
She approached the horse cautiously.
她小心翼翼地靠近那匹马。
?归纳拓展
be cautious about对……谨慎
caution n．小心，谨慎
with caution小心地
cautiously adv.小心地，谨慎地
?完成句子
(1)He is_very_cautious_about_me(对我很谨慎)．
(2)He was very_cautious_about_his_work(对工作非常谨慎)．
(3)We were instructed to act_with_caution(小心行事)．
7
Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
There have been several movements for reform over the last century.
在过去的一个世纪里出现了数次改革运动。
The injury has restricted the movement in his arm.
他的胳膊因受伤而行动不便。
?归纳拓展
move v．移动；进展；搬家
movements (pl.)活动
moveable/movable adj.可移动的；可活动的
?佳句背诵
(1)The agreement governs the free movement of goods between countries.
该协议规范各国间货物的自由流动。
(2)We have seen a growing movement towards natural medicine.
我们已注意到有一种越来越趋向自然医学的倾向。
(3)Their job is to monitor the movements of the suspected terrorists.
他们的任务是监视恐怖嫌疑分子的行动。
8
Yet Copernicus’ theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built.然而哥白尼的理论却是我们宇宙观赖以建立的基础。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
The origins of the universe are still a mystery.
宇宙的起源仍然是个谜。
We are the only form of intelligent life in the universe.
我们是宇宙中唯一有智能的生命形式。
?归纳拓展
in the universe天底下
universal adj.全世界的；普遍的；通用的
universally adv.通用地，普遍地
?佳句背诵
(1)The proposal has not met with universal agreement.
这项提议未能得到全体的一致同意。
(2)He thinks he’s the best looking man in the universe.
他认为自己是全天下最英俊的男人。
9
Apart_from the construction mentioned above，you have also learned the following phrases.除了上面提到的结构，你们还学过以下的一些短语。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
Apart from maths，she is good at English.
除了数学以外，她还擅长英语。
Bananas have a great deal of sugar apart from water.
香蕉除了水分之外还含有大量糖分。
All the children like music apart from Bobby.
除了博比外所有的孩子都喜欢音乐。
?归纳拓展
apart from＝besides，in addition to，except for
与apart有关的短语：
fall apart 散开，拆散
set apart储存；放在一边
tear apart撕开，拆散
tell apart区分开
?翻译句子
(1)Apart from them，I had no one to talk with.
除了他们，我没有可以谈话的人了。
(2)Apart from the cost，it takes a lot of time.
除了费用外，这件事情还要花费很多时间。
I will need to be/become_strict_with...我将需要对……要求严格(回归课本)
?用法点拨
His parents are strict with him and his brothers.
他的父母对他和他的兄弟们要求严格。
The teacher is strict in his job.
这位老师对他的工作要求严格。
?归纳拓展
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格
be strict in sth.对某事严格
strictly adv.严格地，严厉地
strictly speaking严格地讲；按道理来说
?完成句子
(1)He’s quite a strict_trainer(严格的教练)，but we all like him.
(2)Strictly_speaking(按道理来说)，I shouldn’t be here.
(3)Dad is_very_strict_with_us(对我们要求严格)about table manners.
Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make_sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
What you said makes good sense.
你说的话很有道理。
This sentence doesn’t make sense.
这个句子没有意义。
Your story doesn’t make sense to me.
你编的故事我听不明白。
?归纳拓展
make no sense无意义，行不通
make sense of sth.明白，理解(不易懂的事物)
in a sense在某一方面；就某种意义来说
in no sense决不是，决非
There is no sense in doing sth.做……没有道理/必要
a sense of humor幽默感
?完成句子
(1)He has_no_sense_of_time(没有时间观念)．
(2)My English teacher is a man with_a_good_sense_of_humour(很有幽默感)．
(3)No matter how you read，this_sentence_doesn’t_make_(any)_sense(这个句子都讲不通)．
So between 1510 and 1514 he worked_on it，gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.因此，在1510年至1514年间他从事于该研究，并逐渐改善其理论，直到他感觉完美。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He’ll have to work on getting fit before the game.
比赛前他必须努力保持身体健康。
Don’t worry about the matter，I’m working on it.
别担心，我正在处理这事。
?归纳拓展
work into插进；引进
work out作出；算出；最后结果为
work off除去；解除；偿清
work up使激动；唤起
?完成句子
(1)Try to work_out(算出)how much it will cost.
(2)I have three years to work_off_the_debt(偿清债务)．
(3)—What have you been doing recently
—I_have_been_working_on_a_new_novel(我一直在忙于写一部新小说)．
1 He placed a fixed sun at the center of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍绕着地球转。
?用法点拨
句中的with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth在句中用作状语，其结构为：“with＋名词/代词＋宾补”，这是with的复合结构。能在这种结构中充当宾补的有不定式、分词、形容词、副词、介词短语等。它可以表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随，有时这种结构还可以用作定语。
We found the hotel with the little boy leading us.
在小男孩的指引下，我们找到了那家旅馆。
The thief was brought in，with his hands tied behind his back.
小偷被带了进来，两手绑在身后。
The building looks more beautiful with all lights on.
大楼的灯全亮时，大楼看起来更加美丽。
?完成句子
(1)He sat there with_a_smile_on_his_face(脸上带着微笑)．
(2)With_nothing_to_do(因无事可做)，we went to the cinema.
(3)The_lady_with_a_necklace_round_her_neck(戴项链的那位女士)is my English teacher.
2 Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
?用法点拨
only if conj.只有当/只是在……的时候，放在句首时主句要倒装。
Only if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school.
只有找到了工作，我才有足够的钱去上学。
Only if you work hard can you learn English well.
只有努力学习，你才能学好英语。
?归纳拓展
only＋状语/状语从句放在句首时，主句要倒装；但是only若修饰主语成分，虽然放在句首，但句子不倒装。
?佳句背诵
(1)Only by working hard can we succeed.
只有通过努力工作，我们才能取得成功。
(2)Only when I have seen it with my own eyes will I believe it.
只有当我亲眼看到后我才会相信。
(3)Only No.16 and 19 pandas were chosen as gifts to be given to Taiwan.
只有16号和19号熊猫被选为送给台湾的礼物。
哥白尼的革命性理论
尼古拉·哥白尼被吓得心烦意乱的。虽然他曾经试着不去理睬那些数字，然而他所有的数学计算都得出了一个相同的结论：地球不是太阳系的中心。只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。他的这个理论可不能告诉任何人，因为即使他只暗示有这种想法，他都会受到强大的基督教教会势力的惩罚。教会认为世界是上帝创造的，正因为如此，地球就具有特殊的意义，它必定要成为太阳系的中心。
这样，问题就来了，因为天文学家以前发现过，天上有些行星停顿下来，往后移动，然后再成环状向前移动，而其他行星看上去有时亮些，有时又不怎么亮。如果地球是太阳系的中心，而所有行星环绕着地球转的话，那么这种现象就很奇怪了。
哥白尼对这些问题曾经苦苦思索过很久，试图找出问题的答案。他曾经收集过观测星球的数据，并且利用他的全部数学知识来解释这些数据。但是只有他的新理论才能作出解释。于是，他在1510至1514年间从事这项研究，逐步修改他的理论，直到他感到完善时为止。
1514年，他把他的新理论私下里给他的朋友们看。他对旧理论的修改是具有革命性的。他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。他还提出地球在围绕太阳转的同时，它本身还自转，这样就说明了行星运动的变化情况以及星球的亮度问题。 他的朋友都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公诸于世，而他却小心谨慎，他不想遭到基督教教会势力的攻击，所以他只是在1543年临终之前才把它公布出来。
当然，他小心谨慎是对的。基督教教会拒绝接受他的理论，说这种理论违背了上帝的旨意，而支持这种理论的人都会受到打击。然而哥白尼的理论却是我们宇宙观赖以建立的基础。他的理论还改变了基督教对地心引力的看法，他们认为物体往地球上掉落是因为上帝创造了地球，而地球正是宇宙的中心。哥白尼表明这是明显错误的。如今人们可以看到，他的这些想法与艾萨克·牛顿、阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦以及斯蒂芬·霍金等人的研究都有着直接的联系。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Everyone should contribute what he or she can afford to helping the poor.
2．Einstein put forward his Theory of Relativity，which had great influence on the world of science.
3．He is very old and his movements are getting slower and slower.
4．He always adopts a positive attitude when correcting students’ mistakes.
5．He doesn’t know much about the subject，but he’s very enthusiastic(热心的)．
6．Privately(私下地)speaking，Tom is not worth believing.
7．Don’t be so cautious(谨慎的)about it.
8．The construction (建设)of the bridge will make it possible for us to get to Shanghai within an hour.
Ⅱ.短语填空
apart from,make sense,lead to,cautious about,contribute to,under construction,work on,base...on...
1．Does smoking contribute_to lung cancer
2．This has led scientists to speculate on the existence of other galaxies.
3．I really think his reason for doing it makes_sense.
4．Which books will you borrow，apart_from this one
5．He is cautious_about telling secrets.
6．When we got to the hotel，it was still under_construction.
7．The writer is working_on his new book.
8．This movie is_based_on a true story.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．We should base our theory on facts.
Theory should be based on facts.
2．His carelessness led to the accident.
The accident resulted from his carelessness.
3．He lay in bed，reading a book.
He lay in bed with a book in his hands.
4．Besides some injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.
Apart from some injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.
5．Have you decided where you can go for your holidays
Have you made up your mind where to go for your holidays
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．My brother is very enthusiastic_about_drawing(对画画有热情)．
2．He is cautious_about_everything(对所有的事情小心谨慎)．
3．The path leads_to(通向)the top of the mountain.
4．Sorry，I can’t make_sense_of(理解)what you said.
5．Not everyone is for the idea；some people are_against(反对)it.
6．Can you make_room(让地方)for me
Ⅴ.单项填空
1．Eating too much fat can________heart disease and cause high blood pressure.
A contribute to B．cause to
C．attend to D．devote to
答案 A
解析 句意为：吃太多的脂肪可能会引起心脏病并且造成高血压。contribute to促进，有助于；cause造成(没有to)；attend to照顾；注意；devote to致力于；贡献。
2．The quarrel________the fighting between the two villagers.
A．brought B．led to C caused to D．took
答案 B
解析 句意为：争吵导致了两个村民之间的打斗。lead to导致，造成。
3．________he was tired，he still went on working hard.
A．For B．Though
C．As D．Since
答案 B
解析 句意为：虽然他很累，他仍然继续努力工作。
4．I had to speak loud to make myself________.
A．hear B．heard
C．hearing D．to hear
答案 B
解析 句意为：我必须大声讲话以便别人能听见。make oneself heard让别人听见自己说的话。
5．His________speech encouraged us greatly and we are full of________now.
A．encouraging；courage B．couraging；encourage
C courage；encourage D．couraged；couragement
答案 A
解析 encouraging令人鼓舞的，鼓舞人心的；courage勇气。
6．We found________impossible to finish the work on time.
A．that B．which C．it D．this
答案 C
解析 句意为：我们认为准时完成这项工作是不可能的。it代替不定式作形式宾语，故选C项。
7．A new crisis has________.
A．risen B．arisen C．raised D．arose
答案 B
答案 arise vi.出现；由……引起；由……而产生。
8．________two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend.
A．With B．Besides C．As for D．Because of
答案 A
解析 句意为：由于有两次考试令人担心，我这个周末必须努力学习。with＋宾语＋不定式作宾语补足语，作状语修饰整个句子。
9．You should try to get a good night’s sleep________much work you have to do.
A．however B．no matter
C．although D．wherever
答案 A
解析 句意为：无论你有多少工作要做，你都应该尽力好好的睡上一晚。however＝no matter how。
10．—There’s coffee and tea；you can have________.
—Thanks.
A．either B．each C．one D．it
答案 A
解析 either指两者中任何一个。句意为：——有咖啡和茶，你可以任选一个。——谢谢。
Ⅵ.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处。
In the past my hometown was\ used to be a beautiful place.Thick trees and green grass could be seen in\ everywhere.In order to build and grow more crops，people cut down more and more trees.改法① time 改法② on，the whole forest was almost destroyed. the green hills have changed into wasteland.As a result，sandstorms us now and then，from which we suffer a lot.，I do hope all the people should realize the result of not caring about our environment.What’s more， should take good care of the forests and plant trees instead cutting them down to improve our living conditions.
Ⅶ.书面表达
学完本单元之后，你班同学就电脑和网络对生活和社会所产生的影响展开了一场讨论。请你根据自己了解的情况，发表一下自己的看法，陈述自己的理由，写一篇120词左右的文章。
注意：1.观点鲜明、合理；
2．论据真实可靠，具有典型性；
3．论证形式合乎逻辑；
4．恰当运用各种表达方式。
【参考范文】
With the development of the Internet，more and more people are sending e mails and electronic cards.I think this is a good thing.Firstly，compared with the traditional cards，electronic cards are more interesting and lively，because you can get not only pictures but also sounds and even animated cartoons.Secondly，sending electronic cards and e mails through the Internet is quicker and safer，so it can save a lot of time.Finally，and most importantly，with the popularity of electronic cards，less paper is used to make paper cards and fewer trees will be cut down，which will contribute to the environment protection.
To sum up，the development of the Internet which makes our life easy and convenient is a good thing. Unit 1 Great scientists
Period One Warming Up，Pre reading and Reading
1
John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert，indeed，that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
The patients are well attended in the hospital.
病人在医院里得到了很好的照料。
I have a good doctor attending (on) me.
我有一位好医生护理我。
They have an important meeting to attend.
他们有一次重要的会议要参加。
?归纳拓展
attendant n．服务员，侍者；adj.伴随的，陪从的
attendance n．出席，到场
attend a lecture/a movie听演讲/看电影
attend school/class上学/上课
attend a meeting参加会议
attend on/upon sb.伺候某人，照顾某人
attend to 处理；注意倾听；专心于，照料
?完成句子
(1)Business has to be_attended_to(要料理)．
(2)He was very tired after the long run and expected somebody to attend_on_him(照顾他)．
(3)Did you attend_the_wedding(参加那个婚礼)yesterday
2
The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.第二种看法是人们是在吃饭的时候把病毒引入体内的。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
Cotton gloves absorb sweat.棉手套吸汗。
The old man was completely absorbed in the book.
老人全神贯注地读这本书。
Small businesses are absorbed by big ones.
小公司被大公司吞并了。
?归纳拓展
absorbed adj.注意力集中的，专心致志的
absorbing adj.非常吸引人的，引人入胜的
absorber n．吸收器；吸收者
absorb...from...从……中吸取……
be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于
?完成句子
(1)When I came in，the teacher was_absorbed_in_thought(在沉思中)．
(2)Aspirin is_absorbed(很快吸收)by/into the body.
(3)The company has gradually absorbed_the_small_ones(逐渐吞并了那些小公司)．
3 blame v．责备，谴责；把……归咎于；n.过失；责备
It seemed that the water was_to_blame.看来水是罪魁祸首。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
If you are not to blame，then who is
如果不怪你，该怪谁呢？
We were ready to take the blame of what had happened.
我们愿对所发生的事负责。
The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack’s careless driving.
警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶。
?归纳拓展
blame sb. for sth./doing sth.因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth. on sb.把……归咎于某人
be to blame (for) 应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备(不用被动语态)
put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将……归咎于某人
blameful adj.有过错的，该受责备的
blameless adj.无可责难的，无过错的
?完成句子
(1)Blamed_for_the_breakdown_of_the_school_computer_network(因学校网络故障受到责备)，Alice was in low spirits.
(2)He deserved to be_blamed_for(受到责备)his carelessness.
(3)She’ll put the_blame_on_us(怪罪我们)if it turns out badly.
4
The water companies were_instructed_not_to expose people to polluted water any more.自来水公司也接到命令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
She instructed me in the use of the telephone.
她教我使用电话。
Those boys were instructed to wait there.
那些男孩被通知在那儿等。
Our teacher instructed that we (should) hand in our papers after class.
老师命令我们下课后把试卷交上。
?归纳拓展
instruction n．教授；指导；(复数)用法说明，操作指南
instructive adj.指示性的，有教育意义的
instructor n．辅导员，讲师
be instructed to do sth.被指示做某事
instruct＋that从句，从句用should＋do形式，should可以省略
?完成句子
(1)When I came in，he was instructing his son how_to_repair_a_car(如何修汽车)．
(2)The teacher instructed_the_students_to_start_off(命令学生出发)．
(3)You must read_the_instructions(阅读说明书)before you use it.
5
But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓时，他就感到振奋。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
Don’t expose it to the sun.不要把它暴露在阳光下。
The film has been exposed.这个胶卷曝光了。
The magazine exposed the politician as a crook.
这本杂志揭露这位政治家是一个骗子。
?归纳拓展
be exposed to使暴露在……
expose sb./sth. to...使……暴露在……
expose sth.揭露某事
exposure n．暴露，揭露
overexpose v．使(胶片等)曝光过度；对……报道过频
?完成句子
(1)He_exposed_the_plan(他透露了这个计划)to the newspapers.
(2)Keep indoors and don’t_expose_your_skin_to_the_sun(不要让皮肤暴露在太阳下)．
(3)The photograph is too light：it must have_been_overexposed(曝光过度)．
6
draw a conclusion得出结论(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He concluded his speech with some amusing remarks.
他说了一些有趣的话来结束他的演讲。
He concluded that the plan was not workable.
他的结论是这个计划不可行。
What can you conclude from these facts
从这些事实中你能推断出什么？
?归纳拓展
conclusion n．结论；结束；议定
arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论
make a conclusion下结论
in conclusion最后，总之
jump to conclusions/a conclusion贸然断定，贸然下结论
bring...to a conclusion使……结束
?完成句子
(1)You should think twice before making the decision.Don’t jump_to_conclusions(贸然下结论)．
(2)We came_to_a_conclusion(得出结论)that the stranger must have stolen something.
(3)You should bring the matter to_an_early_conclusion(早日了结)．
7
John Snow defeats “King Cholera”．约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王”。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
They were defeated in the football match.
他们在足球赛中输了。
Their first revolution had ended in defeat.
他们的第一次革命以失败告终。
In that battle，our soldiers defeated the enemy.
在那次战斗中，我们的士兵打败了敌人。
?归纳拓展
a total defeat一次彻底的失败
a decisive defeat一次决定性的失败
?佳句背诵
(1)Lack of the support of my parents defeated my dream.
缺乏父母的支持使我的梦想落空。
(2)The test completely defeated me.
这次考试完全把我难倒了。
(3)The proposal was defeated by 16 votes to 5.
因16票反对，5票赞成，该提议未能通过。
8
Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
This method can cure your bad eyesight.
这种方法可以治疗你糟糕的视力。
The medicine can cure you of your headache.
这种药可以治愈你的头疼。
We haven’t found an effective cure for cancer by now.
到目前为止，我们还未找到一个有效的方法治愈癌症。
?归纳拓展
cure sb. of...治愈某人的……
cure作为“治疗方法”讲时是可数名词，后面常跟for
?佳句背诵
(1)Prevention is better than cure.
预防胜过治疗。
(2)It might be several months before she’s fully cured.
她可能需要好几个月才能痊愈。
(3)Nothing seemed to cure him of his nervousness.
好像什么都没法消除他的紧张。
9
Who put_forward a theory about black holes？谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He had no desire to put forward his plan.
他不想提出他的计划。
Are you serious in putting forward such a view
你真的要提出这种观点吗？
We put him forward for the position of chairman.
我们推举他当主席。
?归纳拓展
put away放好
put an end to结束
put down记下
put off推迟
put on穿上；戴上
put out扑灭；关熄(灯)
put up挂起；举起；贴(广告等)
put up with忍受
?完成句子
(1)The_theory_put_forward_by_Einstein(爱因斯坦提出的理论)was later proved to be true.
(2)There are many inconveniences that have to_be_put_up_with(容忍)when camping.
(3)The fire had_been_put_out(扑灭)before the firemen arrived.
In another part of London，he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were_linked_to the Broad Street outbreak.在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力的证据。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
The poet links the human heart to the life of the earth.
那位诗人把人的心脏同地球的生命联系起来。
The road links all the new towns.
这条路把所有的新城镇连接在一起。
?归纳拓展
link...to...把……与……连接或联系起来
link together使连接在一起
link up把……连接起来，汇合
?佳句背诵
(1)Fingerprints linked the suspect to the crime.
指纹证实了嫌疑犯的犯罪行为。
(2)Keep close links with the masses.
与群众保持密切联系。
(3)We link up with the company.
我们与这个公司携手合作。
Next，John Snow looked_into the source of the water for these two streets.接下来，约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
He promised me to look into the matter.
他答应我调查此事。
The government will look into how to reduce unemployment.
政府将研究如何降低失业率。
?归纳拓展
look about/around/round朝四周看；考虑；察看
look out (for sb./sth.)警惕或留心某人/某事
look down on/upon sb.瞧不起某人
look on旁观
look back回顾
?翻译句子
(1)I usually look into a book before deciding whether to read it.
我通常在决定是否读一本书之前先浏览一下它。
(2)“Will you really quit the job？” he asked，looking into my eyes.
“你真的不做这份工作了吗？”他问道，凝视着我。
(3)The police are now looking into the matter.
警察正在调查此事。
To prevent this from happening again，John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。(回归课本)
?用法点拨
She closed the gate to prevent the dog (from) going out of the garden.
她关上大门，免得小狗从花园里跑掉。
The rain prevented us (from) coming in time.
下雨使我们没能及时赶来。
?归纳拓展
stop...(from) doing sth.阻止……干……
keep... from doing sth.阻止……干……，此短语中from不能省略
?翻译句子
(1)我因病未能参加考试。
I_was_prevented_by_illness_from_taking_the_exam.
(2)如果我要去，有什么能阻止我？
What_can_stop_me_(from)_going_if_I_want_to_go
1
?用法点拨
neither...nor...表示“既不……也不……”，用来连接两个并列成分，如果连接两个主语，谓语动词采取就近原则。
The children are neither in the room nor in the garden.
孩子们既不在屋里，也不在花园里。
The girl neither sang nor danced at the party.
这个小女孩在舞会上既没唱歌也没跳舞。
Neither she nor I am good at English.
她和我都不擅长英语。
?归纳拓展
either...or...或者……或者……
not only...but also...不仅……而且……
...or...……或是……
not...but...不是……而是……
?完成句子
(1)Either you or I am_right(是正确的)．
(2)Neither_do_I_want_to_know_it(我不想知道这件事)，nor do I care about it.
(3)Not only is_he_interested_in_English(他对英语感兴趣)，but also he likes maths.
2 To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
?用法点拨
suggest (to sb.) that...意为“(向某人)建议……”，此时that从句中的谓语动词要用should＋v.形式，should可以省略。
The doctor suggested he not work deep into the night.
医生建议他不要工作到深夜。
I suggested to him that he join in the club activities.
我向他建议参加俱乐部的活动。
?归纳拓展
suggest还可作“暗示；表明”解，此时若接从句，从句中的谓语动词根据需要而使用相应的时态。
The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.
第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖。
Are you suggesting that I am not suited for the job
你是不是想说我不适合这份工作？
Her expression suggested that she was angry.
她的表情表明她生气了。
?翻译句子
(1)老师建议我们背下第一篇作文。
The_teacher_suggested_us_learning_by_heart_the_first_composition/that_we_learn_by_heart_the_first_composition.
(2)玛丽苍白的脸色表明她身体不好。
Mary’s_pale_face_suggested_that_she_was_in_poor_health.
约翰·斯诺击败“霍乱王”
约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照顾维多利亚女王的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次暴发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。
斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处飘浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。
斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰·斯诺着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰·斯诺就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行得很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。
首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近(特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号)。他发现有些住宅(如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥街上的8号和9号)却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。
接下来，约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到缓解。他证明了，霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。
在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发现了有力的证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢那里的水，每天都要派人从水泵打水运到家里来。她和她的女儿喝了这种水，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个特别的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。
为了防止这种情况的再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。自来水公司也接到指令，不能再让人们接触被污染的水了。最终，“霍乱王”被击败了。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．After examining the patient，the doctor advised him to have a good rest.
2．Don’t expose your skin to direct sunlight.
3．Moving to the country cured her of the illness.
4．We kept on pumping water out of the ship to prevent it from sinking.
5．The characteristic(特点)I like best in her is her cheerfulness.
6．Only by scientific(科学的)training can Liu Xiang make such rapid progress in 110 meter hurdles.
7．She often concludes(结束)her class with a funny story.
8．The teacher announced(宣布)that we would have a few days off.
Ⅱ.短语填空
attend to,put forward,link...to...,every time,expose...to...,be to blame,divide...into,be absorbed in
1．She is always doing housework every_time I come to visit her.
2．I don’t know how I can attend_to it.
3．Who put_forward this suggestion？It’s very useful.
4．Pay attention，our interests are_linked_to yours.
5．Being_exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to our skin.
6．Let’s divide ourselves into several groups.
7．Not I but Tom was_to_blame_for the car accident.
8．The little girl was_absorbed_in reading a novel when I came in.
Ⅲ.句型转换
1．This is the plan which was suggested at the meeting.
This is the plan which was put forward at the meeting.
2．The surrounding villages have been taken in the growing city.
The surrounding villages have been absorbed into the growing city.
3．The statue was taken away from the city center to the park.
The statue was removed from the city center to the park.
4．I want to have my own car.
I want to have a car of my own.
5．He has important things to attend to.
He has important things to deal with.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．Don’t you think it was hundreds of experiments that led_to(导致)his great discovery
2．To my surprise，they drew_a_conclusion_from(从……得出结论)the same fact.
3．As a nurse in the war，she was_exposed_to_many_dangers(置身于多种危险中)．
4．A spell in the army will_cure_him_of_his_laziness(将会治愈他的懒惰)．
5．He had_looked_through_many_books(查阅了许多书籍)before he started the research project.
6．Suddenly the plane was_out_of_control(失去控制)．
Ⅴ.单项填空
1．The biggest change brought about by China’s 30 years of reform and opening up is________in the thinking of the Chinese people.
A．it B．one C．those D．that
答案 B
解析 one用作替代词，代替前面提到的a change。
2．Shenzhou Ⅶ，China’s third manned spacecraft，was launched into________space，accomplishing________most ambitious and risky task—spacewalk.
A．the；the B．the；a C．/；a D．/；the
答案 C
解析 space作“太空”讲，是一个抽象名词，不加任何冠词。由句意“中国的第三载人宇宙飞船‘神舟七号’成功发射到太空，同时完成了一次最雄心勃勃、最危险的任务——太空漫步”知应选C项。
3．________night coming on，they set off for home.
A．As B．With C．By D．When
答案 B
解析 with“随着”是介词，故后面是复合结构。
4．Nothing can________me finishing my work，I’ll carry on with it.
A．prevent B．keep C．lead D．help
答案 A
解析 prevent sb.(from)doing sth.阻止某人干某事。
5．All the students were________by the________speech given by him.
A．inspired；inspired B．inspiring；inspiring
C．inspired；inspiring D．inspiring；inspired
答案 C
解析 inspired受到鼓舞的；inspiring鼓舞人心的，令人鼓舞的。
6．Not only I but also Jane and Mary________tired of having one exam after another.
A．is B．are C．am D．be
答案 B
解析 not only...but also...连接并列主语时，谓语动词要按照就近原则。
7．I feel it is your husband who________for it.
A．is to blame B．is going to blame
C．is to be blamed D．should blame
答案 A
解析 be to blame应该受到惩罚，是固定结构。
8．John plays football________，if not better than，David.
A．as well B．as well as C．so well D．so well as
答案 B
解析 句意为：约翰踢球如果不比大卫好的话，就和他踢得一样好。
9．______，mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A．However late is he B．However late he is
C．However is he late D．However he is late
答案 B
解析 本句结构是however＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语。
10．She looks forward every spring to________the flower lined garden.
A．visit B．paying a visit
C．walk in D．walking in
答案 D
解析 look forward to sth./doing sth.中“to”是介词。
Ⅵ.完形填空
There was a boy in India who was sent to a boarding school(寄宿学校)by his parents.__1__being sent away，this boy was the __2__student in his class.He was at the top in every__3__and always got high marks.
But the boy changed after __4__home and attending the boarding school.His grades started __5__.He hated being in a(n)__6__.He was lonely all the time.And there were dark times when he __7__to commit suicide(自杀)．All of this was because he felt__8__and thought no one loved him.
His parents started__9__the boy.But they didn’t even know what was wrong with him.So his__10__decided to go to the boarding school and __11__him.
They sat on the bank of the lake near the school.The father started asking him some questions about his classes，__12__and sports.After some time，his dad said，“Do you know，son，why I am here today？”
The boy answered，“To check my __13__？”
“__14__，”his dad replied.“I am here to tell you that you are the most important person to me.I want to see you __15__.I don’t care about grades.I care about you.I care about your happiness.You are my life.”
These words__16__the boy’s eyes to fill with tears.He__17__his dad.They didn’t say anything to each other for a long time.
Now the boy had __18__he wanted.He knew there was someone on this earth who cared for him deeply.He __19__the world to him.And today，this young man is in college at the top of his class，and no one has ever seen him __20__！
1．A. After B．Before C．Because D．Since
答案 B
解析 根据后文的“He was at the top...and always got high marks.”可知这个男孩在被送往寄宿学校之前，在他原来的班里他是最聪明的学生。
2．A. saddest B．tallest C．brightest D．prettiest
答案 C
解析 根据语境可知这个小男孩以前是班里最聪明的学生。
3．A. exam B．activity C．brightest D．sport
答案 A
解析 根据“and always got high marks”的语境可知男孩在每次考试中都名列前茅。
4．A .running B．returning C．leaving D．reaching
答案 C
解析 根据“attending the boarding school”的语境可知这个男孩在离开家上了寄宿学校之后变了。
5．A. rising B．losing C．escaping D．dropping
答案 D
解析 根据后文可知，男孩在新的环境中经历了情绪上的波动，有几次甚至想要自杀，故知他的成绩下降了。
6．A. group B．office finema D．hole
答案 A
解析 根据“He was lonely all the time.”可知他不喜欢集体活动。
7．A. set out B．wanted C．made up D．gave up
答案 B
解析 根据“And there were dark times”的语境可知男孩几度想自杀。
8．A. worthless B．careless
C．excited D．pleased
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知男孩情绪低落是因为他觉得没有人爱他，没有人在乎他，感觉自己很没用。
9．A. thinking of B．suffering from
C．worrying about D．talking about
答案 C
解析 根据语境可知他的父母开始担心起他来。
10．A. brother B．uncle C．mom D．dad
答案 D
解析 根据后文的“The father started asking him some questions about his classes”可知男孩的父亲去学校找到了他，和他进行了一次交谈。
11．A. talk with B．listen to C．find out D．look after
答案 A
解析 根据后文父亲与男孩谈话的语境可知父亲想去学校找儿子谈谈。
12．A. parents B．teachers C．desks D．schools
答案 B
解析 根据语境可知父亲问男孩一些关于课程、老师、运动之类的问题。
13．A classmates B．books
C．grades D．papers
答案 C
解析 根据后文的“I don’t care about grades.”可知男孩以为父亲是来检查他的成绩的。
14．A. Yes B．No C．Sure D．Yeah
答案 B
解析 从下文父亲说的话可推知，对于他来说，男孩是这个世界上最重要的人，他只在乎他，而不是他的学习和分数，所以他应该是说“不”。
15．A. happy B．smart C．lovely D．quiet
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知父亲跟男孩说他希望看到他快乐。
16．A caused B．advised
C．encouraged D．set
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知这些话使男孩眼里充满了泪水。
17．A. felt B．upset C．faced D．hugged
答案 D
解析 从文章所描述的情节可看出，男孩听了父亲的话后，眼里充满了泪水，可知他应是拥抱了父亲。
18．A .nothing B．someone
C．everything D．nobody
答案 C
解析 男孩听了父亲的话后，感觉拥有了他所想要的一切：即父母的关爱。
19．A. showed B．meant
C．produced D．expressed
答案 B
解析 根据语境可知，男孩知道他对他父亲来说意味着整个世界。
20．A. sad B．angry C．wordless D．crazy
答案 A
解析 根据语境可知男孩上了大学后，从没有人看到他伤心过。
