高考英语2011模块新课标 北师大版必修4 unit11 the media
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| 名称 | 高考英语2011模块新课标 北师大版必修4 unit11 the media |  | |
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| 更新时间 | 2011-03-02 16:22:00 | ||
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课件148张PPT。Unit 11 The Media开 篇 背 诵
写给报社的信
[典型例题]
(宜昌调研)假设你买了一本英汉词典，发现有质量以及服务问题，要求退换，但遇到麻烦，因此你就用英文给《二十一世纪英文报》报社编辑写信反映情况。
信中要点：
1. 书页缺少，印刷错误影响阅读理解。
2. 要求退换，但书店工作人员态度差，拒绝退换，否认质量问题。
3. 希望报纸呼吁服务行业提高服务质量。注意：
1. 字数为100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
3. 参考词汇：印刷错误——misprint (n.)。March__12,2009
Dear__editor，
This weekend I bought an English-Chinese dictionary in a bookstore near my home. But when I went home and read carefully...___________
Sincerely yours，
Sam [佳作欣赏]
March 12,2009
Dear editor，
This weekend I bought an English-Chinese dictionary in a bookstore near my home. But when I went home and read carefully, I found that several pages were missing. What is worse, the misprints spread everywhere in the dictionary and seriously affect my comprehension. Since there was such damage and misprints to the dictionary, I went to the bookstore to require for a replacement. To my surprise, the staff of the bookstore turned down my request rudely and even refused to admit the poor quality.It goes without saying that today's market calls for better service. However, some service industries fail to achieve this standard and the quality of the staff needs to be improved. As a result, I expect your newspaper to appeal to the service industry to attach more importance to the service improvement.
Thank you for your attention!
Sincerely yours，
Sam [名师点评]
1. 此短文要点齐全，内容完整，紧扣题目要求，句子连贯，语言流畅。
2. 插入语what is worse, To my surprise, However, As a result的使用，使前后文衔接自然。
3. turn down, go without, call for, attach to短语运用得体，增色不少。教 材 自 主 回 归记记单词
1．p________adj.政治的→________n．政治，政治学→________n．政治家
2．b________n．信仰，信心，信任→________vt.相信，信任→________adj.可信的→________adj.难以置信的，惊人的
3．a________vt.宣布，宣告→________n．播音员→__________________n．布告，通知
4．a_________n．申请(书)，应用→________v．应用，请求→________adj.应用的，实用的→________adj.可应用的，可实施的 politicalpoliticspoliticianbeliefbelievebelievableunbelievableannounceannouncerannouncementapplicationapplyappliedapplicable5．a_________vt.分析→__________n．分析→_______________n．分析者，分解者
6．e___________________vt.雇用→___________n．雇员→___________n．雇主→___________n．雇佣
7．d__________vt.保卫，防御，辩解→__________n．防护；防御
8．a_________vt.为……做广告，登广告→__________n．广告人→___________n．广告analyseanalysisanalystemployemployeremployeeemploymentdefenddefenceadvertiseadvertiseradvertisement9．f________adv.忠实地，忠诚地→________n．信任，信念；信义→________adj.忠实的，忠诚的→________adj.不忠实的，不忠诚的
10．i________vt.&vi.打断；打扰→________n．打扰，干扰，障碍物→________adj.中断的→b________vt.烦扰；打搅→d________vt.妨碍，打扰faithfullyfaithfaithfulfaithlessinterruptinterruptioninterruptedbotherdisturb记记短语
1.What does “G8”____________(代表)?
答案：stand for
2．Since then, the law and the public opinion have been __________ (不怎么赞同)the paparazzi and their job.
答案：less in favour of
3．Some advertisements ______________(包含一些专家的话或图片)to show people how good the products are.
答案：consist of pictures or the words of experts4．Modern advertisements must _______ (在竞争中胜出)by combining the highest standards of design with ideas linked to the products to make them more attractive.
答案：stand out in a world full of competition
5．People don't mind bad language on television _____ (只要不被用于)programmes watched by children.
答案：as long as it is not used in记记句型
1.It is going to ____ (作为一个历史性的会议被记住)this year, ____ (因为)the topic of Africa will be discussed in detail.
答案：be remembered as a historical meeting；as
2．It is likely to be just the name of a company, ___ (其中可能含有公司的大概位置)．
答案：part of which may be a general location3．However, ____(并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和服务)．
答案：not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit
4．“______(如果呆在卡车里，我就没命了)，”he said afterwards.
答案：I would have been killed if I'd stayed in the truck教 材 知 识 探 究词 语 解 读
1. demand vt.要求，请求；vi.询问；n.要求，需求
demand sth.要求知道，查问
demand sth. from/of sb.向某人要某物
demand to do要求做……
demand that-clause...
(从句谓语动词用should do或do)
in demand有需要的，吃香的 [解题警示] 表示建议、要求、命令的动词后的that从句用虚拟语气，should可以省略。这类动词主要有demand，order，suggest，propose，require，request，insist，command等。
Protesters went on hunger strike to demand that all political prisoners be freed.
抗议者绝食示威，要求释放所有政治犯。[词语辨析] demand，request，require与ask
①demand一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。
②request是正式用词，指非常正式，有礼貌的请求或恳求，多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。
③require强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。
④ask最普通用语，指向对方提出要求或请求，长晚辈，上下级之间都可使用。
[考试题] ①(武昌调研)This type of camera will help you take perfect pictures however ________ the conditions are.
A. demanding B. dangerous
C. extraordinary D. different
答案：A [预测题]②According to a recent survey of many bookstores, books on popular science are________.
A. in demand B. in need
C. in charge D. in control
答案：A2. belief n．信仰，信心，信任
beyond belief难以置信
have (a) belief in God 相信上帝
It's one's belief that...某人相信……
to the best of one's belief某人深信
She started taking money, in the mistaken belief that she would not be discovered.
她误认为自己不会被察觉，开始偷起钱来。 [解题警示] belief意为“信仰”时是可数名词，意为“信心，信念”时是不可数名词。
[词语辨析] belief，faith与trust
①belief指“承认某事是真的(不管有没有确凿的证据)”。
②faith指“认为有确凿证据或道理而完全相信”。
③trust指“信赖”“信任”，含有“坚定的信念”的意思。 [考试题] ③(四川南充)My suggestion might be against the ________ of ________.
A．belief；old B．believes；the old
C．beliefs；the old D．believes；old
答案：C3. announce vt.宣布，通告
announce sth.宣布某事，宣告某事
announce that 宣布……
announcement n．通告，宣告；启事，广告；宣布
announcer n．广播员，播音员，节目主持人
make an announcement 宣布 [解题警示] announce后面不能跟双宾语，可以说announce sth. to sb.，但不能说announce sb. sth.，类似的词还有：say，explain，mention等。
[词语辨析] announce与declare
①announce指预告性的宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。
②declare指的是正式宣布、当众宣布，通常指官方宣布、宣告的事情。
The result of the election will be declared soon.
选举的结果很快就会公布。
The teacher announced to the class that the winter holiday will begin in January.
老师在班上宣布寒假从1月开始。 [考试题] ④(合肥一中模拟)You may not like the new comer, but you have to ________ that she is good at her job.
A. admit B. declare
C. announce D. report
答案与解析：A 句意：你或许不喜欢这位新手，但你得承认她擅长她的工作。此句要用admit表示“承认”。declare和announce都表示“宣布”，report“报道”。4. delighted adj.高兴的，愉快的
be delighted to do sth.非常高兴做某事
be delighted at/by sth.由于……而高兴
be delighted with sb./sth.喜欢某人或某物
be delighted (that)．..非常高兴……
take delight in (doing) sth.以……为乐；喜好做某事
to one's delight使某人感到高兴的是
delightful adj.令人愉快的delightfully adv.高兴地，快乐地
We were delighted by/with the response to our advertisement.
我们的广告收到这样的效果使我们非常高兴。
Thanks for your invitation—I'd be delighted to come!
感谢你的邀请——我很乐意前来！
[解题警示] delighted是形容词“高兴的，愉快的”；“令人高兴的，令人愉快的”是delightful，没有delighting这个词。 [词语辨析] delight，pleasure与joy
①delight语意比pleasure强，意为“极大的快乐”，尤指以一种活泼的态度表示出来的快乐。
②pleasure是常用词，表示以任何形式表现出的或默默的快乐与满足。
③joy表示高兴地表现出来的更强烈的快乐和愉快的情绪。 [预测题] ⑤What ________ them most was the ________ things in store for them.
A．delighted；delightful B．delightful；delighted
C．delighted；delighted D．delightful；delightful
答案：A5．stand for 代表；代替；象征；主张；支持
stand still 站着别动
stand doing sth. 忍受……
stand against sth. 反对；经受住；倚着……站着
stand aside 避开，站开
[解题警示] stand for和represent作“代表，象征”讲时通用，而代表某人或某单位或某国家时只能用represent。 [预测题] ⑥The programme of VOA ________ Voice of America is popular with many English learners.
A. stands for B. stands against
C. which is stood for D. which stands for
答案与解析：D 从句法分析看出，本题考查定语从句，排除了A、B两项，而stand for作“代表”讲时无被动用法。6．analyse vt.分析
analysis n．分析
analyst n．分析者，化验员
analytical adj.分析的，解析的，分析性的
in the final/last analysis 最终，归根结底
[解题警示] analysis 复数形式为analyses[?‘ n?l?si?z]请特别注意，单复数只有一个字母之差。 [考试题] ⑦(2008·山东潍坊)Faced with a problem，you have to ________ it first and then try to find a solution.
A．analyze B．resemble
C．concentrate D．substitute
答案与解析：A 句意：面对困难，你得首先对它进行分析(analyze)，然后试着找到解决的方案。resemble“类似”；concentrate“集中”；substitute“代替，替换”。7. arise vi.发生，出现
Can you begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting?
我们是不是可以从讨论上次会议所产生的问题开始？
[词语辨析] arise，rise与raise
①arise是不及物动词，主要表示“出现，发生，呈现”等含义。主语一般为抽象名词，如problem，trouble，quarrel，difficulty，misunderstanding等。
②rise也是不及物动词，意为“升起，出现；上涨；起身”。
③raise是及物动词，意为“升起；提高；饲养”。
[解题警示] arise的过去式和过去分词分别为arose，arisen。常与from或out of搭配，意为“由……而产生，起因于”。 [预测题] ⑧My difficulties have ________ as a result of the changeover to a new type of fuel.
A. risen B. arisen
C. raised D. arrived
答案：B [用arise，rise或raise的适当形式填空]
⑨Serious disagreements ________ between them.
⑩The sun has not yet ________.
11.The landlord ________ my rent.aroserisenraised8. blame vt.责怪，归咎于；n.过失；责备
blame sb. for sth./doing sth.
因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for)应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备(此处不能用被动语态)
accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任
A dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire.
一根乱扔的烟被指为引起这场火灾的罪魁祸首。
It's I who always take the blame for anything wrong.
不管出了什么事情，都由我负责。 [考试题] (湖南衡南二中)A big fire ________ in Shenzhen last month, killing 43 people. The official ________ the safety ________.
A．happened；in the charge of；should be blamed
B．was broken out；in charge；ought to be blamed
C．took place；in charge of；must be to blame
D．broke out；in charge of；should be to blame
答案与解析：D 句意：上个月深圳发生了一场大火，43人丧命。负责安全的官员应该承担责任。break out为不及物动词短语，无被动语态，故先排除B项。take place一般指按计划发生，故排除C项。in the charge of主语一般为物，排除A项。9. attempt vt.尝试，努力；n.试图，企图
attempt on...尝试(超过……)，努力
attempt to do sth.企图做某事
attempt sth.企图(做)/尝试某事物
attempted robbery未遂的抢劫
in an attempt to do sth.为了做某事
make no attempt to do sth.没有企图做某事
at the first attempt第一次尝试make an attempt on sb'.s life企图刺杀某人
They are attempting to climb the steepest part of the mountain.
他们努力攀登这座山的最陡部分。
They made no attempt to escape.
他们并没有企图逃跑。[词语辨析] attempt，try与manage
①attempt to do sth.意为“企图做……”，不强调做某事而付出的努力，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的；attempt＋n.意为“试图做……”；
②try to do sth.意为“尽力做……”，指花费体力或脑力去做一件事，暗指有成功的可能。如不成功，就采取其他途径；
③manage to do sth.意为“设法做某事”，指做某事一定成功。
[考试题]
(上海十四校)Yassin's death was not ________ to stop Hamas' attempt ________ terror attack.
A. hoped; carrying on B. expected; launching
C. hoped; to carry on D. expected; to launch
答案与解析：D 考查动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。动词hope没有“hope sb. to do sth.”用法，所以也没有对应的被动语态“be hoped to do sth.”，排除A、C两项，attempt(名词或动词)后接不定式(attempt to do sth.)，排除B项。 (襄樊调研)At the beginning of the year 2009 the stock market appears to be inspiring in China, because the latest ________ on stimulating(刺激) the economic development seems to be effective.
A．solution B．intention
C．attempt D．operation
答案与解析：C 考查词义辨析。C项“努力”，意为“国家实行的最新刺激经济发展的努力是卓有成效的。”A项“解决”；B项“打算”；D项“手术”。10. defend vt.保卫，防御；辩解
defend...against/from...保护……不受……
defend oneself自卫
They needed more troops to defend the border against possible attack.
他们需要更多的部队来保卫边境地区免受可能的攻击。 [词语辨析] defend，protect与prevent
①defend指抵御或击退外来威胁或攻击。
②protect指采取保护措施，使之不受伤害或损伤，常用于防御风雨、寒冷、烈日、疾病或保护经济、法律权益。
③prevent表示“防止，阻止”，不让某事发生。 [预测题] American people are wondering whether the newly-elected president and his administration will keep the nation safe and defend it ________ any terrorist attack in the future.
A．to B．on
C．against D．with
答案与解析：C 考查介词。defend sb./sth. from/against sth.，表示“保护……免遭……”。11. in favour of支持；赞同
in sb'.s favour对某人有利
owe sb. a favour欠某人人情
do sb. a favour＝do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙
ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙
The result of the experiment is in our favour today.
今天的实验结果对我们有利。
Do me a favour and turn your TV down while my baby is asleep, will you?
劳驾，我宝宝在睡觉，把电视机音量调小点好吗？ [预测题] Most people are ________ bringing down the price of housing because it's too high for them.
A．in favor of B．in honour of
C．in search of D．in charge of
答案与解析：A 许多人赞成降低房价，因为对他们来说太高了。12. pretend vt.假装
pretend to do sth.假装做某事
pretend that...假装
pretend＋n.装作……
Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important.
普通人可以装扮成富人和有地位的人。
He pretended not to have heard about it.
他假装没听过这事。
As you listen, pretend that you are a judge.
当听时，假装你就是法官。
[解题警示] pretend后接as if从句时，从句用虚拟语气。 [预测题] Peter pretended ________ me when I passed the coffee shop.
A．not to see B．having not see
C．not see D．not seeing
答案：A13. respect vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意
have/show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬/重……
in this respect 在这方面
with respect to 至于；关于；就……而言
respect sb./sth. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人/某事
respectful adj. 表示尊敬的
respectable adj. 值得尊重的，体面的 [预测题] No one imagined that the apparently ________ businessman was really a criminal.
A．respectful B．respective
C．respectable D．respecting
答案与解析：C respective各自的；分别的；respecting关于。14. advertise v．(为……)做广告，宣传；登广告
advertise for为征求……登广告
advertiser n．登广告者
advertisement n．广告；公告；启事；广告活动；宣传
be an advertisement for宣扬……的优点
advertising n．广告(业)
Have you tried that new shampoo they've been advertising on TV?
你试过他们一直在电视上做广告的那种新洗发液吗？
I see they're advertising for a new Sales Director.
我看到他们登广告招聘新的销售部主管。 [考试题](福建质检)They will________their laptop computer brand in the newspaper, with a 10 percent discount for the customers.
A．inform B．advertise
C．announce D．publish
答案：B15. certain adj.某种，某些
a certain Mr. Zhang某一位姓张的先生
under certain conditions在一定条件下
to a certain extent到相当程度
be certain/sure of对……有把握
for certain/sure确凿地；肯定地
make certain/sure of把……搞清楚，弄明白
You can get cheaper fares on certain days of the year.
每年的某些日子里，你可以买到较为便宜的车票。 [解题警示] certain作形容词，表示“必定会……，一定会……”时，不置于名词之前；表达说话者确信。
[词语辨析] certain，a certain与some
①certain“某些”，可修饰可数或不可数名词。
②a certain与some同义，只作定语，修饰可数名词单数，但是a certain指知道而不刻意指出之事物。
③some指未知或非特定之事物，或有时知道而未特别指出之事物；some意为“某个”时后接单数名词，如接复数名词意为“一些”。 [预测题] The terrorists will only release their hostages on ________ conditions.
A. some B. a certain
C. certain D. any
答案：C [用certain，a certain或some填空]
________plants will not grow in this country.
________ Mr. Jones called while you were out.
________ person called on you yesterday. CertainA certainSome 16. consist of由……组成
consist in存在于，在于
make up 由……组成
be made up of 由……组成
[解题警示] consist of一般不能用于进行时态；只能用于主动语态。 [预测题] True patriotism (爱国主义)________putting the interests of one's country above everything，________one's life.
A．consists of; containing
B．consists of; including
C．consists in; including
D．consists in; containing
答案与解析：C 由句意可知，第一个空表示对爱国主义作出的解释，故用consist in; 第二个空中的“包括”是抽象的，而非具体器皿中包含的东西，因此用include。17. approach n．方法，方式
an approach to sth.(待人接物或思考问题的)方法，
方式，态度
at the approach of sth.在快到……的时候
all the approaches to sp.通向某地的所有路径
approach sb. about/for sth.向某人要求/建议某事
[解题警示] approach作名词，意为“方法”时，通常与介词to连用，表示“……的方法”。另外需要注意其他表示“方式，方法”的习惯搭配，如in a．.. way，by means of...，with...method，均表示“用……的方法，以……的方式”之意。 [考试题]
(杭州地区七校)A new ________ to teaching languages is being used here, and it has turned out to be very helpful to the students.
A．approach B．means
C．method D．way
答案与解析：A approach和空格后面的介词to构成固定搭配。其他几个选项中的名词和空格后面的介词to构不成搭配。 (海南月考)At the meeting, heated discussions were carried on to find better ________ to the study of physics.
A. methods B. means
C. approaches D. ways
答案：C18. as/so long as只要
As/So long as you are happy, it doesn't matter what you do.
只要你高兴，你干什么都行。
[词语辨析] as/so long as与if
as/so long as引导的条件从句表示必须满足一定的要求和规定条件；相反，由if引导的条件从句则是可能实现、也可能是不能实现的条件从句。 [考试题]
(北京东城区)After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for ________ an hour, thinking of her young and happy days.
A．as long as B．as soon as
C．as much as D．as many as
答案与解析：A 根据语意“长达一小时”可知答案为A，其他选项不符合题意。(成都诊断)It matters little who does it ________ it is done, for you see, we are short of hands now.
A. as long as B. as far as
C. as early as D. as soon as
答案与解析：A 从for后的原因状语从句可知，我们缺少人手，所以主句所说的是“只要做完就可以，是谁做的并不重要”，故A项正确。(郑州质量预测)You will make some progress in your study of English ________ you keep more words in mind.
A. as far as B. as soon as
C. as long as D. as well as
答案与解析：C as far as直到……为止，根据……；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要，如果；as well as也，又；与……一样好。句意：只要你多记单词，你就会在英语学习中取得进步。19. ahead adj.在前面
ahead of 在……前面；早于；优先
look ahead为未来着想或打算；未雨绸缪
go ahead(with)进行；开始；往下说；用吧；干吧
get ahead of胜过；超过
be ahead of 占优势
ahead of time 提前 [考试题] (重庆联考)—Can you keep an eye on my bag, please？I want to use the bathroom.
—________It'll be safe with me.
A. All right. B. Come on.
C. Go ahead. D. Help yourself.
答案与解析：C 下句It'll be safe with me暗示答话人同意帮对方照看行李。因此应用Go ahead“去吧”。 句 型 剖 析
1. It is going to be remembered as a historical meeting this year, as the topic of Africa will be discussed in detail.今年的会议将作为一历史性的会议留在人们的记忆中，因为非洲问题将是本届会议详细讨论的问题。
第一个as是介词，意为“作为”，形成短语be remembered as“作为……被怀念/记着”。句中第二个as是从属连词，意为“因为，由于”，引导原因状语从句，可以放在主句前或后，表示的理由没有because那么强，不能用来回答why的提问或被强调。 [解题警示] as作连词，除引导原因状语从句外，还可以引导下列从句：
①as连接时间状语从句，as的主句和从句的动作同时发生，意为“一边……一边”或“随着”。
As the sun began to set, he searched for a light and found it.
随着太阳西下，他开始寻找灯并找到了一盏。
②as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然，即使”，常构成倒装结构。
Strange as it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
虽然他的主意听起来很奇怪，但参加本次会议的所有人却都同意。 ③as引导方式状语从句，意为“以……方式”。
④as引导比较状语从句，意为“如……，像……”。
⑤as作关系代词，引导定语从句。
⑥as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句，意为“这一点”。
As is probably true with many people, I got quite homesick and often thought about going home.
这或许和许多人一样，我非常想家并经常考虑回家。
⑦as引导限制性定语从句，先行词一般常被such，the same等修饰，as在从句中充当主语或宾语。
These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.
这些房子的价格如人们期望的那么低。 [考试题] ①(成都外国语学校)Many Olympic athletes hold that the most important thing is not to win but to participate, ________ the most important thing in life is not the success, but the struggle.
A. as though B. just like
C. such as D. just as
答案与解析：D 考查连词与介词的辨析。句意：许多奥林匹克运动员认为，最重要的是参与，而不是获胜。正如人生中最重要的是奋斗而不是成功。just as“正如，正像”，后接句子。just like也有“正如，正像”之意，后接名词或代词。2. It is likely to be just the name of a company, part of which may be a general location.它很可能仅是公司的名称，其中可能含有公司的大概位置。
part of which may be a general location为“名词＋of＋which”引导定语从句，用来进一步说明先行词的一定数量、色彩或具体特征，很多情况下(涉及先行词数量除外)，可以和“whose＋名词”互换。 [解题警示] “名词＋of＋which”引导定语从句的先行词须是物，如果先行词是人，而定语从句表示“一定数量的……”时，也不能用whose，而用“名词＋of＋whom”。有时，也可用“of＋which＋名词”这种结构替代“名词＋of＋whom”。
In the group, there are 30 students, half of whom are girls.
这个小组有30个学生，其中一半是女生。
The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days.
这次环球之行花了这位老水手九个月的时间，其中的航行时间是226天。[考试题]
②(临沂质检)Martin Van Buren was the eighth President of the United States and the first ________ native language was not English but Dutch.
A. that B. whose
C. which D. where
答案与解析：B 考查定语从句。名词the first(president)与native language之间是所有关系。故答案选B项。 ③(2010·湖南省联考)Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, ________ I can look back and see more clearly my own language.
A. by which B. which
C. through which D. on which
答案与解析：C 考查非限制性定语从句引导词。根据语意，“通过那扇门我能回忆并且更能看清楚我自己的语言”，故C项符合题意。3. However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.然而，并非所有的广告都是为谋求利润而销售产品和服务的。
not all为部分否定，意为“并非都……”。
[解题警示]
(1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，complete，completely，always，whole，wholly，entirely，altogether等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都、并非都”的意思。(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere，no more，no longer等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。
While I agree with most of what you said, I don't agree with everything.
虽然我同意你说的大部分，但并不是每一点都同意。
I'm not altogether convinced by this argument.
我不完全信服这一论据。 4. “I would have been killed if I'd stayed in the truck，”he said afterwards.“如果我呆在货车里，我也死了，”他之后说。
本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。 [解题警示]
虚拟条件句可分为三类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况；一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况；另一类是叙述与将来事实相反的情况。其构成列表如下：注意看清if引导的是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
I wouldn't have gone, if I'd known he was going to be there.
如果我当初知道他也要到那里去，我就不会去的。
The farmers should have/ought to have been consulted.(but they were not consulted)
本该找农场主们商量商量的。(但没有商量。) [考试题]
④(济南统考)We ________ here at lunch time; we were delayed at the airport, though.
A．could be B．should be
C．must have been D．would have been
答案与解析：D 由句后的“We were delayed at the airport.”知前句未能在午饭时赶到这里，would have done“本来可能做某事，但未能做到”；must have done“肯定做了某事”。二者都用于对过去发生事情的推测，但由句意可知选D项。⑤(成都外国语学校)—How did you manage to travel abroad?
—My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I________ have afforded the trip.
A. shouldn't B. couldn't
C. mustn't D. needn't
答案与解析：B Otherwise后面的句子用了虚拟语气，表示和过去的事实相反。couldn't have afforded the trip在这里表示“(要不是父母借给我钱，)我就负担不起出国旅游的费用了。”⑥(连云港调研)—Why didn't you pick up the MP4?
—I ________ it, but I didn't carry that much money.
A. could buy B. should buy
C. must have bought D. could have bought
答案与解析：D could have done用于肯定句中，意为“想做却没有做”，符合题意“想买却没有买，因为钱不够”。must have done表示对过去的肯定推测，意为“一定……”。随 堂 检 测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In some mountain areas of China, many children can't go to school because of p_______________.
2．If you want to join the Party, please write an a _________________first.
3．By a _____________the reasons of his success, we can find that hardworking is so important.
4．The teacher is trying a new _____________(方法)to language teaching.povertyapplicationanalysingapproach5．Large ____________(公司)often have strict interviews for interviewers.
6．A man is being questioned in relation to the a________ murder last night.
7．In order to change a___________ towards the patients who have AIDS，the government is bringing in new laws.
8．We can't c______________whether a child is clever or stupid from his or her points in an examination.corporationsattemptedattitudesconclude9．The invention of the typewriter was a great c________ to communication and printing.
10．This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three s_____________.contributionscenesⅡ.选择填空(有两项为多余选项)
stand for，stand out，in favour of，consist of，as long as，be harmful to，turn up
1．This is because two thirds of the earth's surface ____________ vast oceans.
2．You may borrow my car ____________you promise to give it back in time.
3．—What does NASA ____________？
—It means “National Aeronautics and Space Administration.”consists ofas long asstand for4．He was against my opinion while his brother was _____________________it.
5．Their daughter is a great dancer, she _______________________above the rest.in favour ofstands outⅢ.交际用语
1．—He is not a bad player, is he?
—________
A．Really? B．I can't believe my eyes.
C．Believe it or not. D．You'd better believe it.
答案与解析：D 句意：——他表演得还可以，对吗？——没错。A项表示惊奇或怀疑之意，B项表示非常吃惊，C项信不信由你，此三项均不符合本情境所需要的交际功能，即一个明确的回答，而D项“千真万确”则为最佳答案。2．—Could I ask you a rather personal question?
—Sure，________.
A．pardon me B．go ahead
C．good idea D．forget it
答案与解析：B 句意：——我可以问你一个私人问题吗？——当然可以，说吧。pardon me请再说一遍，像这样的说法还有Could you repeat it, please？/Could you say that again, please？go ahead表示允许，许可，好吧！good idea表示对别人的意见表示同意，forget it表示接受别人的歉意，由句意知B项正确。3．(2008·江西)—I think you'd better type this letter again before Mr. Smith sees it.
—Oh, dear！________
A．Who cares? B．No problem.
C．I don't mind at all. D．Is it as bad as that?
答案与解析：D 由所提供的语境“Oh，dear！”可以看出回答者惊叹的语气，句意：——我想你最好在史密斯先生看到这封信之前再重新打一遍。——哎呀！这封信有这么糟吗？D项符合上下文语境。Who cares？“谁在乎”表示一种冷漠的态度。No problem.“没问题”，都不符合语境。4. —I've studied growing plants as one of my interests. Could I make some suggestions?
—________.
A. You will make it B. Go right ahead
C. Don't mention it D. Take it easy
答案与解析：B A项表示“你将(在事业上)获得成功”；B项表示“好，说吧”；C项表示“不必谢”；D项表示“放心吧”。Ⅳ.语法专练
1．(2010·青岛月考) People were not allowed to enter the reading room because it ________.
A．had been painted B．was being painted
C．was painting D．painted
答案：B 2．(2010·青岛月考)—Learning a language isn't easy. It takes time.
—I agree. ________. There's no short cut.
A．All roads lead to Rome
B．Rome wasn't built in a day
C．Practice makes perfect
D．Slow but sure wins the race
答案：B 3. (2010·潍坊测试) —Jack, I'm going to Beijing to have a trip. Do you have anything ________ to your friends.
A. to take B. to be taken
C. taken D. taking
答案：B 4. (2010·学军中学) The US President Obama told the students that he ________ by a single mother who were strict with him and wished him great success in his studies.
A. will have been brought down
B. has been carried out
C. was brought up
D. was about to be cared for
答案：C 5. (2010·湖南师大附中)HuShuli, ________ editor of China's most influential business publication, Caijing, has resigned from the biweekly.
A. founding B. founded
C. found D. having found
答案：A 6. (2010·郑州47中) My son's best friend Jimmy is very shy, but can you imagine ________ at the party held to welcome the exchange teachers and students from China?
A. him sing B. his singing
C. him to sing D. his to sing
答案：B 7. (2010·福建期末)The government announced that six highways ________ by the end of last year.
A．built B．had built
C．have been built D．had been built
答案：D 8. (2010·雅礼月考)A series of stimulus policies and supportive measures taken by the government ________ to promote change in the economic environment in this area.
A. are expecting B. are expected
C. is expecting D. is expected
答案与解析：D 此题考察主谓一致和被动语态。主语是单位词：a series of...，谓语用单数。根据句意要用被动。9. (2010·江苏模拟)I could have offered you some help last weekend, but I ________ with my work at that time.
A. would be occupied B. was occupying
C. had been occupied D. was occupied
答案：D课时检测?(Unit 11 The Media)Ⅰ.单项填空
1．He came up with a new ________ to the problem at yesterday's meeting.
A．procedure B．method
C．approach D．means
答案与解析：C approach与介词to搭配使用，其他三项中的名词与of连用。句意：在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个解决问题的新方法。2．Tom has been preparing carefully for the English examination, so that he can be sure of passing it at his first ________.
A. request B. attempt
C. promise D. purpose
答案与解析：B request请求；attempt尝试；promise许诺；purpose目的。根据句意可知应该用attempt。3．It's no use ________ to solve problems ________. Talks are the only solution.
A. trying; by force
B. to try; by force
C. to try; by communication
D. trying; by communication
答案与解析：A 依据“It's no use/useless doing sth.”结构排除B、C选项；by force“通过武力”与后面的talks相对应。4．A completely new situation will ________ when the examination system comes into existence.
A. arise B. rise
C. raise D. lift
答案与解析：A 句意：当考试制度开始产生时 ，一个全新的情况就会出现。arise“产生，出现”，为不及物动词，符合题意。raise“举起，提起”，为及物动词；rise上升；上溅；起身；lift上举，为及物动词。5．The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. What a dangerous ________ it was!
A. scene B. look
C. appearance D. scenery
答案与解析：A 句意：那个小男孩骑着自行车沿机动车道全速冲了下来。多么危险的场景啊！scene“景象”，大多包括了其中的人及其活动。look面貌；appearance表面；外观；scenery风景。6．All cases ________ children are dealt with in a special children's court.
A. respectable B. respected
C. respective D. respecting
答案与解析：D 句意：有关未成年人的所有案件都是在一个特别的未成年人法庭处理的。respecting“关于，与……有关”，为介词，符合题意。respectable“相当好的；值得尊敬的”；respective“分别的，各自的”。7．Mr. Black demanded that his son ________ out to clean all the snow in the yard.
A．go B．went
C．would go D．has gone
答案与解析：A 句意：布来克先生要求他的儿子出去清理院子里的雪。demand意为“要求”，后接的宾语从句的谓语一般用“(should＋)动词原形”。8．________a child of ten, he had to drop out and help his father on the small shop.
A．While B．When
C．As D．Because
答案与解析：C 句意：作为一个十岁的孩子，他不得不辍学来帮助父亲经营那家小店。句中应该填入一个介词，只有C项可以作介词。9．Jim acted in the ________ that he was doing good.
A．belief B．process
C．application D．debt
答案与解析：A 句意：杰姆这么做是因为他认定他是在做好事。belief信仰，信心，信任；process过程，进程；application申请，应用；debt债务。10．Having written his first book earlier this year, he is ________ starting in a new one.
A．currently B．actually
C．recently D．lately
答案与解析：A 今年早些时候他写好第一本书，目前又着手写一本新的。start in“开始做某事”，常用于口语中。11．I was offered three kinds of holidays, the first ________ I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which
C. that D. which
答案与解析：B 句意：有人提供了三种假期，其中的第一种我真的喜欢。12．Tim had most of his things stolen. He has hardly ________ left in the house.
A．anything B．everything
C．nothing D．something
答案与解析：A 句意：蒂姆的大部分东西都被偷走了，在他的房子里几乎没剩下什么东西。句中hardly相当于almost not，可以与否定词连用的为A和B两项，not anything＝nothing，而not everything意为“并非每件东西”表示部分否定。13．Anyone ________ to be checked or found with explosives will face punishment according to the law.
A．refuse B．refusing
C．to refuse D．refused
答案与解析：B refusing to be checked or found with explosives 作anyone的后置定语。14．There are too many people ________ John McCain who are willing to print an e-mail for him.
A. surrounded B. surrounding
C. to surround D. having surrounded
答案与解析：B 现在分词surrounding John McCain作people的后置定语，构成主动关系。15．If I try to correct someone, I have to do it with so much good humor and bright smile as if I were the one ________.
A. correcting B. to correct
C. to be corrected D. being corrected
答案与解析：D 好像我就是那个正在被纠正的人。现在分词短语being corrected作the one的后置定语。Ⅱ.完形填空
Declan Galbraith (born on December 19, 1991 ) lived with Ben, his grandfather, since he was six months old. Ben sang in a band and often took Declan along to the bars __16__he was playing in. “I would sit there for hours watching Ben and the __17__，and listening to their music.” Says Declan. The explosive mix of Scottish and Irish musical traditions __18__ Declan and became his early musical influence. He remembers himself already singing at two. He adds, “These are some of my very __19__ memories in life-always singing. ” Declan's talent was __20__ acknowledged for the first time when at just seven he performed at the annual Rochester Dickens Festival. Little Declan, __21__ a chimney sweeper，started singing and the __22__ went wild. Soon after this he started to enter local talent __23__ and within a year he had won 16 titles and more than ￡ 100,000. Declan has become a well-known celebrity. Unfortunately Ben died __24__ he could see Declan's success. __25__， Declan cites him as his strongest musical __26__. His first album Declan was out in 2002. It was a big hit and charted in the U. K. and Ireland. Another big success came during a nationwide __27__ of Young Voices concerts when __28__ Guinness World Record, but his mother said，“He would not __29__ the real world, and should remain a __30__ young man. We know he has an extraordinary talent and he has __31__ himself a very high goal. ” Now he has made music and singing his full-time __32__. In cooperation with producer Ully Jonas, the resulting album, entitled Thank you, was __33__ in December, 2006. He knows that it is important to keep up with all of his __34__ and education. “One day I would also like to __35__ other skills and perhaps do some acting as well. ” 16. A. where B. in which
C. that D. what
17. A. artists B. musicians
C. audience D. waiters
18. A. inspired B. encouraged
C. interested D. excited
19. A. latest B. recent
C. few D. first 20. A. secretly B. slowly
C. publicly D. quickly
21. A. dressed in B. dressed up as
C. dressed up D. dressed
22. A. crowd B. masses
C. persons D. folks
23. A. performances B. clubs
C. contests D. courses24. A. until B. before
C. after D. when
25. A. However B. Therefore
C. Yet D. Then
26. A. effect B. affect
C. effort D. influence
27. A. trip B. journey
C. tour D. travel28. A. breaking B. making
C. setting D. creating
29. A. keep in touch with B. lose touch with
C. be in touch with D. be out of
30. A. usual B. common
C. regular D. normal
31. A. set B. achieved
C. reached D. accomplished32. A. business B. trade
C. career D. aim
33. A. published B. released
C. brought out D. come out
34. A. schoolwork B. schoolmates
C. homework D. exercises
35. A. form B. train
C. have D. develop答案与解析：
16. C he was playing in 暗示先行词the bars是介词in的宾语，所以应用that/which。另外A、B为同类项，可首先排除。
17. B Ben sang in a hand, 所以 Declan应该是在注视着他爷爷和他爷爷的同事——音乐人。空后的their music也是暗示。
18. A inspire表示“赋予……灵感”，符合语境，照应了后面的句子“became his early musical influence.”。有兴趣但不一定能出成就，故排除C项。19. D 根据上一句的already singing at two(两岁就会唱歌了)和空格后面的always singing可知，这里指他最初的记忆，而不是“最近的”(latest, recent)记忆。
20. C publicly“公开的，在公众场合地”，符合语境。
21. B 后面的sweeper暗示前面应该是dressed up as(装扮成)。
22. A crowd指听歌的台下的人群，符合语境：观众变得非常狂热。而the masses表示“群众，大众”，the folks“老百姓”，都不符合语境。23. C talent contests“才艺竞赛”。后面的won 16 titles也暗示了本题的答案。
24. B before在这里的意思为“还没有来得及”。遗憾的是Ben还没来得及看到Declan的成功就去世了。
25. A 用However表示转折，意思为“然而”。
26. D 第二段中“his early musical influence”暗示了本题的答案。
27. C a nationwide暗示这是全国范围内的巡回演出，所以只能用tour，表示“巡回演出”。28. A 2002年他推出了首张专辑《迪克兰》，唱片非常成功，登上了英国和爱尔兰排行榜，在“Young Voices”的全国巡回演中，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录。
29. B 由该空所在语境“他不能脱离现实世界”可知，这里应用lose touch with，表示“和……疏远，脱离”。
30. D normal表示“正常的，平常的，普通的”，侧重人的行为、思维、长相等。干扰项是common，侧重没有特殊的地位、头衔等，如a common soldier。
31. A set a goal为习惯用法，意思为“确定目标”。而B、C、D项为同类项，都可以表示“达到、实现(目标)”。32. C career表示“职业”，音乐和唱歌成了他的全部事业。
33. B “发行”专辑用release，“出版”图书用publish。
34. A schoolwork意思为“功课”，与后面的education对应。此外从语言的“小环境”看并不是赶上同学们。
35. D 用develop表示“开发、培养、发展”等，与other skills搭配，意为“培养其他的技能”。Ⅲ.阅读理解 Nowadays credit cards almost replace cash and checks for both individuals and business. Each person's social security number would used as the card number. Firms would use their state identification number. Thus, every individual would be able to pay for everything by credit card—newspapers, donations, tolls, theater admissions, tuition, children's allowances, everything. All salary payments would be credited directly to each individual's account which would pay one's bills, state taxes, and deposit (存款) what's left—if anything—into a saving account. Just think of the convenience of getting rid of cash and checks and even eliminating loose change. No need，then, to worry as before, when you wanted to buy a newspaper and you only had a $ 20 bill. However，with a complete credit card economy, we would still have the problem of thefts of cards, forging of cards and lost cards. Children would lose their cards, mom would leave hers in the other purse, and dad would forget his in other jacket. If a girl did not have room in her bikini for her card, how could she buy a coke at the beach? You could not spend a cent without your card, so the credit card is really not that practical. Something else is needed that is small, always with us, cannot be forged, and easily identifies our account. The answer is your thumbprint; everyone's thumbprint would be recorded with his or her Social Security number! Using thumbprints satisfies all of the requirements. The details of everyone's thumbprint would be picked up on a small scanning screen in the Charging device at each store and business. Corporations, firms and government agencies would use the thumbprint of the treasurer or anyone authorized to sign checks. Even babies could be thumbprinted at birth so they would be prepared to buy their first lollipop! The thumbprint is certainly a handy solution to our money problems. But one final word of advice：if your child is a thumb sucker, don't be too quick to break the habit—keeping his thumb in his mouth may save him money some day. 36. The general idea of this passage is that ________.
A. there are many serious problems in the credit economy
B. the biggest advantage of the credit card is its protection from theft
C. with necessary improvements the credit card economy is becoming the trend of modern economy
D. thumbprint has more advantages than credit card
答案与解析：C 归纳概括题。文章主要讲信用卡的优点、不足和改进，根据题意，应选C项。 37. The underlined word“ eliminating” ( in Paragraph 1 )means ________.
A. killing in large numbers
B. doing away with
C. spending completely
D. protecting from stealing
答案与解析：B 猜词题。eliminating消除的、排除的，根据文章第一自然段第六、七句可知，消除了携带现金和支票的不方便，甚至是消除携带零钱的麻烦，根据题意，应选do away with废除，消灭。38. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Without credit card one couldn't make a living in the society.
B. The credit card saves one's trouble of carrying cash with him.
C. The credit card can be used for both payment and deposit.
D. The use of credit card also has its disadvantages.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据文章第一自然段第六句可知，信用卡可使我们省去携带现金和支票带来的不便，B项正确。根据文章第一自然段第四句可知，信用卡可以为任何东西付款，C项正确。根据文章第二自然段可知，信用卡有很多缺点，信用卡被偷、忘记带或是丢失卡片，D项正确。根据题意，应选A项。39. In the last sentence the writer ________.
A. gives a piece of very useful advice
B. tells the harm of a baby's habit of thumb-sucking
C. tries to be humorous about the topic of using the credit card
D. thinks that it's necessary to teach children to be economical 答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，指纹无疑是一个对钱这个问题方便的解决办法，但最后一个忠告：如果您的孩子吮吸拇指，不要太快打破习惯——有一天，保持他的拇指在他的嘴里可能会节省他的钱。可推知，作者对信用卡使用这个话题，用了幽默的表达方式，根据题意，应选C项。Ⅳ.短文改错
Jack was excellent student at school. Whatever he did, he is always the best one in class. He could get full marks every time even he didn't listen to the teacher. Some people found it surprised that he was always ready to helping others with a smile. He helped his classmates with his homework; he helped the teachers answer the difficult questions risen by the students; he was good at ball games... In the whole, he was a perfect boy. Everybody liked him. He lived a peacefully life until one day when he got up he found an gray hair on his head.答案：Jack was ∧（an） excellent student at school. Whatever he did, he is(was) always the best one in class. He could get full marks every time even ∧(if) he didn't listen to the teacher. Some people found it surprised(surprising )that he was always ready to helping(help) others with a smile. He helped his classmates with his(their) homework; he helped the teachers answer the difficult questions risen(raised) by the students; he was good at ball games... In(On) the whole, he was a perfect boy. Everybody liked him. He lived a peacefully(peaceful)life until one day when he got up he found an(a )gray hair on his head.
写给报社的信
[典型例题]
(宜昌调研)假设你买了一本英汉词典，发现有质量以及服务问题，要求退换，但遇到麻烦，因此你就用英文给《二十一世纪英文报》报社编辑写信反映情况。
信中要点：
1. 书页缺少，印刷错误影响阅读理解。
2. 要求退换，但书店工作人员态度差，拒绝退换，否认质量问题。
3. 希望报纸呼吁服务行业提高服务质量。注意：
1. 字数为100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；
3. 参考词汇：印刷错误——misprint (n.)。March__12,2009
Dear__editor，
This weekend I bought an English-Chinese dictionary in a bookstore near my home. But when I went home and read carefully...___________
Sincerely yours，
Sam [佳作欣赏]
March 12,2009
Dear editor，
This weekend I bought an English-Chinese dictionary in a bookstore near my home. But when I went home and read carefully, I found that several pages were missing. What is worse, the misprints spread everywhere in the dictionary and seriously affect my comprehension. Since there was such damage and misprints to the dictionary, I went to the bookstore to require for a replacement. To my surprise, the staff of the bookstore turned down my request rudely and even refused to admit the poor quality.It goes without saying that today's market calls for better service. However, some service industries fail to achieve this standard and the quality of the staff needs to be improved. As a result, I expect your newspaper to appeal to the service industry to attach more importance to the service improvement.
Thank you for your attention!
Sincerely yours，
Sam [名师点评]
1. 此短文要点齐全，内容完整，紧扣题目要求，句子连贯，语言流畅。
2. 插入语what is worse, To my surprise, However, As a result的使用，使前后文衔接自然。
3. turn down, go without, call for, attach to短语运用得体，增色不少。教 材 自 主 回 归记记单词
1．p________adj.政治的→________n．政治，政治学→________n．政治家
2．b________n．信仰，信心，信任→________vt.相信，信任→________adj.可信的→________adj.难以置信的，惊人的
3．a________vt.宣布，宣告→________n．播音员→__________________n．布告，通知
4．a_________n．申请(书)，应用→________v．应用，请求→________adj.应用的，实用的→________adj.可应用的，可实施的 politicalpoliticspoliticianbeliefbelievebelievableunbelievableannounceannouncerannouncementapplicationapplyappliedapplicable5．a_________vt.分析→__________n．分析→_______________n．分析者，分解者
6．e___________________vt.雇用→___________n．雇员→___________n．雇主→___________n．雇佣
7．d__________vt.保卫，防御，辩解→__________n．防护；防御
8．a_________vt.为……做广告，登广告→__________n．广告人→___________n．广告analyseanalysisanalystemployemployeremployeeemploymentdefenddefenceadvertiseadvertiseradvertisement9．f________adv.忠实地，忠诚地→________n．信任，信念；信义→________adj.忠实的，忠诚的→________adj.不忠实的，不忠诚的
10．i________vt.&vi.打断；打扰→________n．打扰，干扰，障碍物→________adj.中断的→b________vt.烦扰；打搅→d________vt.妨碍，打扰faithfullyfaithfaithfulfaithlessinterruptinterruptioninterruptedbotherdisturb记记短语
1.What does “G8”____________(代表)?
答案：stand for
2．Since then, the law and the public opinion have been __________ (不怎么赞同)the paparazzi and their job.
答案：less in favour of
3．Some advertisements ______________(包含一些专家的话或图片)to show people how good the products are.
答案：consist of pictures or the words of experts4．Modern advertisements must _______ (在竞争中胜出)by combining the highest standards of design with ideas linked to the products to make them more attractive.
答案：stand out in a world full of competition
5．People don't mind bad language on television _____ (只要不被用于)programmes watched by children.
答案：as long as it is not used in记记句型
1.It is going to ____ (作为一个历史性的会议被记住)this year, ____ (因为)the topic of Africa will be discussed in detail.
答案：be remembered as a historical meeting；as
2．It is likely to be just the name of a company, ___ (其中可能含有公司的大概位置)．
答案：part of which may be a general location3．However, ____(并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和服务)．
答案：not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit
4．“______(如果呆在卡车里，我就没命了)，”he said afterwards.
答案：I would have been killed if I'd stayed in the truck教 材 知 识 探 究词 语 解 读
1. demand vt.要求，请求；vi.询问；n.要求，需求
demand sth.要求知道，查问
demand sth. from/of sb.向某人要某物
demand to do要求做……
demand that-clause...
(从句谓语动词用should do或do)
in demand有需要的，吃香的 [解题警示] 表示建议、要求、命令的动词后的that从句用虚拟语气，should可以省略。这类动词主要有demand，order，suggest，propose，require，request，insist，command等。
Protesters went on hunger strike to demand that all political prisoners be freed.
抗议者绝食示威，要求释放所有政治犯。[词语辨析] demand，request，require与ask
①demand一般指理直气壮地提出强烈要求，或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。
②request是正式用词，指非常正式，有礼貌的请求或恳求，多含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。
③require强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。
④ask最普通用语，指向对方提出要求或请求，长晚辈，上下级之间都可使用。
[考试题] ①(武昌调研)This type of camera will help you take perfect pictures however ________ the conditions are.
A. demanding B. dangerous
C. extraordinary D. different
答案：A [预测题]②According to a recent survey of many bookstores, books on popular science are________.
A. in demand B. in need
C. in charge D. in control
答案：A2. belief n．信仰，信心，信任
beyond belief难以置信
have (a) belief in God 相信上帝
It's one's belief that...某人相信……
to the best of one's belief某人深信
She started taking money, in the mistaken belief that she would not be discovered.
她误认为自己不会被察觉，开始偷起钱来。 [解题警示] belief意为“信仰”时是可数名词，意为“信心，信念”时是不可数名词。
[词语辨析] belief，faith与trust
①belief指“承认某事是真的(不管有没有确凿的证据)”。
②faith指“认为有确凿证据或道理而完全相信”。
③trust指“信赖”“信任”，含有“坚定的信念”的意思。 [考试题] ③(四川南充)My suggestion might be against the ________ of ________.
A．belief；old B．believes；the old
C．beliefs；the old D．believes；old
答案：C3. announce vt.宣布，通告
announce sth.宣布某事，宣告某事
announce that 宣布……
announcement n．通告，宣告；启事，广告；宣布
announcer n．广播员，播音员，节目主持人
make an announcement 宣布 [解题警示] announce后面不能跟双宾语，可以说announce sth. to sb.，但不能说announce sb. sth.，类似的词还有：say，explain，mention等。
[词语辨析] announce与declare
①announce指预告性的宣布或公开宣告大家关心的事。
②declare指的是正式宣布、当众宣布，通常指官方宣布、宣告的事情。
The result of the election will be declared soon.
选举的结果很快就会公布。
The teacher announced to the class that the winter holiday will begin in January.
老师在班上宣布寒假从1月开始。 [考试题] ④(合肥一中模拟)You may not like the new comer, but you have to ________ that she is good at her job.
A. admit B. declare
C. announce D. report
答案与解析：A 句意：你或许不喜欢这位新手，但你得承认她擅长她的工作。此句要用admit表示“承认”。declare和announce都表示“宣布”，report“报道”。4. delighted adj.高兴的，愉快的
be delighted to do sth.非常高兴做某事
be delighted at/by sth.由于……而高兴
be delighted with sb./sth.喜欢某人或某物
be delighted (that)．..非常高兴……
take delight in (doing) sth.以……为乐；喜好做某事
to one's delight使某人感到高兴的是
delightful adj.令人愉快的delightfully adv.高兴地，快乐地
We were delighted by/with the response to our advertisement.
我们的广告收到这样的效果使我们非常高兴。
Thanks for your invitation—I'd be delighted to come!
感谢你的邀请——我很乐意前来！
[解题警示] delighted是形容词“高兴的，愉快的”；“令人高兴的，令人愉快的”是delightful，没有delighting这个词。 [词语辨析] delight，pleasure与joy
①delight语意比pleasure强，意为“极大的快乐”，尤指以一种活泼的态度表示出来的快乐。
②pleasure是常用词，表示以任何形式表现出的或默默的快乐与满足。
③joy表示高兴地表现出来的更强烈的快乐和愉快的情绪。 [预测题] ⑤What ________ them most was the ________ things in store for them.
A．delighted；delightful B．delightful；delighted
C．delighted；delighted D．delightful；delightful
答案：A5．stand for 代表；代替；象征；主张；支持
stand still 站着别动
stand doing sth. 忍受……
stand against sth. 反对；经受住；倚着……站着
stand aside 避开，站开
[解题警示] stand for和represent作“代表，象征”讲时通用，而代表某人或某单位或某国家时只能用represent。 [预测题] ⑥The programme of VOA ________ Voice of America is popular with many English learners.
A. stands for B. stands against
C. which is stood for D. which stands for
答案与解析：D 从句法分析看出，本题考查定语从句，排除了A、B两项，而stand for作“代表”讲时无被动用法。6．analyse vt.分析
analysis n．分析
analyst n．分析者，化验员
analytical adj.分析的，解析的，分析性的
in the final/last analysis 最终，归根结底
[解题警示] analysis 复数形式为analyses[?‘ n?l?si?z]请特别注意，单复数只有一个字母之差。 [考试题] ⑦(2008·山东潍坊)Faced with a problem，you have to ________ it first and then try to find a solution.
A．analyze B．resemble
C．concentrate D．substitute
答案与解析：A 句意：面对困难，你得首先对它进行分析(analyze)，然后试着找到解决的方案。resemble“类似”；concentrate“集中”；substitute“代替，替换”。7. arise vi.发生，出现
Can you begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting?
我们是不是可以从讨论上次会议所产生的问题开始？
[词语辨析] arise，rise与raise
①arise是不及物动词，主要表示“出现，发生，呈现”等含义。主语一般为抽象名词，如problem，trouble，quarrel，difficulty，misunderstanding等。
②rise也是不及物动词，意为“升起，出现；上涨；起身”。
③raise是及物动词，意为“升起；提高；饲养”。
[解题警示] arise的过去式和过去分词分别为arose，arisen。常与from或out of搭配，意为“由……而产生，起因于”。 [预测题] ⑧My difficulties have ________ as a result of the changeover to a new type of fuel.
A. risen B. arisen
C. raised D. arrived
答案：B [用arise，rise或raise的适当形式填空]
⑨Serious disagreements ________ between them.
⑩The sun has not yet ________.
11.The landlord ________ my rent.aroserisenraised8. blame vt.责怪，归咎于；n.过失；责备
blame sb. for sth./doing sth.
因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事
blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for)应(为……)承担责任；该(为……)受责备(此处不能用被动语态)
accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任
A dropped cigarette is being blamed for the fire.
一根乱扔的烟被指为引起这场火灾的罪魁祸首。
It's I who always take the blame for anything wrong.
不管出了什么事情，都由我负责。 [考试题] (湖南衡南二中)A big fire ________ in Shenzhen last month, killing 43 people. The official ________ the safety ________.
A．happened；in the charge of；should be blamed
B．was broken out；in charge；ought to be blamed
C．took place；in charge of；must be to blame
D．broke out；in charge of；should be to blame
答案与解析：D 句意：上个月深圳发生了一场大火，43人丧命。负责安全的官员应该承担责任。break out为不及物动词短语，无被动语态，故先排除B项。take place一般指按计划发生，故排除C项。in the charge of主语一般为物，排除A项。9. attempt vt.尝试，努力；n.试图，企图
attempt on...尝试(超过……)，努力
attempt to do sth.企图做某事
attempt sth.企图(做)/尝试某事物
attempted robbery未遂的抢劫
in an attempt to do sth.为了做某事
make no attempt to do sth.没有企图做某事
at the first attempt第一次尝试make an attempt on sb'.s life企图刺杀某人
They are attempting to climb the steepest part of the mountain.
他们努力攀登这座山的最陡部分。
They made no attempt to escape.
他们并没有企图逃跑。[词语辨析] attempt，try与manage
①attempt to do sth.意为“企图做……”，不强调做某事而付出的努力，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的；attempt＋n.意为“试图做……”；
②try to do sth.意为“尽力做……”，指花费体力或脑力去做一件事，暗指有成功的可能。如不成功，就采取其他途径；
③manage to do sth.意为“设法做某事”，指做某事一定成功。
[考试题]
(上海十四校)Yassin's death was not ________ to stop Hamas' attempt ________ terror attack.
A. hoped; carrying on B. expected; launching
C. hoped; to carry on D. expected; to launch
答案与解析：D 考查动词短语辨析和非谓语动词。动词hope没有“hope sb. to do sth.”用法，所以也没有对应的被动语态“be hoped to do sth.”，排除A、C两项，attempt(名词或动词)后接不定式(attempt to do sth.)，排除B项。 (襄樊调研)At the beginning of the year 2009 the stock market appears to be inspiring in China, because the latest ________ on stimulating(刺激) the economic development seems to be effective.
A．solution B．intention
C．attempt D．operation
答案与解析：C 考查词义辨析。C项“努力”，意为“国家实行的最新刺激经济发展的努力是卓有成效的。”A项“解决”；B项“打算”；D项“手术”。10. defend vt.保卫，防御；辩解
defend...against/from...保护……不受……
defend oneself自卫
They needed more troops to defend the border against possible attack.
他们需要更多的部队来保卫边境地区免受可能的攻击。 [词语辨析] defend，protect与prevent
①defend指抵御或击退外来威胁或攻击。
②protect指采取保护措施，使之不受伤害或损伤，常用于防御风雨、寒冷、烈日、疾病或保护经济、法律权益。
③prevent表示“防止，阻止”，不让某事发生。 [预测题] American people are wondering whether the newly-elected president and his administration will keep the nation safe and defend it ________ any terrorist attack in the future.
A．to B．on
C．against D．with
答案与解析：C 考查介词。defend sb./sth. from/against sth.，表示“保护……免遭……”。11. in favour of支持；赞同
in sb'.s favour对某人有利
owe sb. a favour欠某人人情
do sb. a favour＝do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙
ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙
The result of the experiment is in our favour today.
今天的实验结果对我们有利。
Do me a favour and turn your TV down while my baby is asleep, will you?
劳驾，我宝宝在睡觉，把电视机音量调小点好吗？ [预测题] Most people are ________ bringing down the price of housing because it's too high for them.
A．in favor of B．in honour of
C．in search of D．in charge of
答案与解析：A 许多人赞成降低房价，因为对他们来说太高了。12. pretend vt.假装
pretend to do sth.假装做某事
pretend that...假装
pretend＋n.装作……
Ordinary people could pretend to be rich and important.
普通人可以装扮成富人和有地位的人。
He pretended not to have heard about it.
他假装没听过这事。
As you listen, pretend that you are a judge.
当听时，假装你就是法官。
[解题警示] pretend后接as if从句时，从句用虚拟语气。 [预测题] Peter pretended ________ me when I passed the coffee shop.
A．not to see B．having not see
C．not see D．not seeing
答案：A13. respect vt.& n．尊敬；尊重；敬意
have/show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬/重……
in this respect 在这方面
with respect to 至于；关于；就……而言
respect sb./sth. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人/某事
respectful adj. 表示尊敬的
respectable adj. 值得尊重的，体面的 [预测题] No one imagined that the apparently ________ businessman was really a criminal.
A．respectful B．respective
C．respectable D．respecting
答案与解析：C respective各自的；分别的；respecting关于。14. advertise v．(为……)做广告，宣传；登广告
advertise for为征求……登广告
advertiser n．登广告者
advertisement n．广告；公告；启事；广告活动；宣传
be an advertisement for宣扬……的优点
advertising n．广告(业)
Have you tried that new shampoo they've been advertising on TV?
你试过他们一直在电视上做广告的那种新洗发液吗？
I see they're advertising for a new Sales Director.
我看到他们登广告招聘新的销售部主管。 [考试题](福建质检)They will________their laptop computer brand in the newspaper, with a 10 percent discount for the customers.
A．inform B．advertise
C．announce D．publish
答案：B15. certain adj.某种，某些
a certain Mr. Zhang某一位姓张的先生
under certain conditions在一定条件下
to a certain extent到相当程度
be certain/sure of对……有把握
for certain/sure确凿地；肯定地
make certain/sure of把……搞清楚，弄明白
You can get cheaper fares on certain days of the year.
每年的某些日子里，你可以买到较为便宜的车票。 [解题警示] certain作形容词，表示“必定会……，一定会……”时，不置于名词之前；表达说话者确信。
[词语辨析] certain，a certain与some
①certain“某些”，可修饰可数或不可数名词。
②a certain与some同义，只作定语，修饰可数名词单数，但是a certain指知道而不刻意指出之事物。
③some指未知或非特定之事物，或有时知道而未特别指出之事物；some意为“某个”时后接单数名词，如接复数名词意为“一些”。 [预测题] The terrorists will only release their hostages on ________ conditions.
A. some B. a certain
C. certain D. any
答案：C [用certain，a certain或some填空]
________plants will not grow in this country.
________ Mr. Jones called while you were out.
________ person called on you yesterday. CertainA certainSome 16. consist of由……组成
consist in存在于，在于
make up 由……组成
be made up of 由……组成
[解题警示] consist of一般不能用于进行时态；只能用于主动语态。 [预测题] True patriotism (爱国主义)________putting the interests of one's country above everything，________one's life.
A．consists of; containing
B．consists of; including
C．consists in; including
D．consists in; containing
答案与解析：C 由句意可知，第一个空表示对爱国主义作出的解释，故用consist in; 第二个空中的“包括”是抽象的，而非具体器皿中包含的东西，因此用include。17. approach n．方法，方式
an approach to sth.(待人接物或思考问题的)方法，
方式，态度
at the approach of sth.在快到……的时候
all the approaches to sp.通向某地的所有路径
approach sb. about/for sth.向某人要求/建议某事
[解题警示] approach作名词，意为“方法”时，通常与介词to连用，表示“……的方法”。另外需要注意其他表示“方式，方法”的习惯搭配，如in a．.. way，by means of...，with...method，均表示“用……的方法，以……的方式”之意。 [考试题]
(杭州地区七校)A new ________ to teaching languages is being used here, and it has turned out to be very helpful to the students.
A．approach B．means
C．method D．way
答案与解析：A approach和空格后面的介词to构成固定搭配。其他几个选项中的名词和空格后面的介词to构不成搭配。 (海南月考)At the meeting, heated discussions were carried on to find better ________ to the study of physics.
A. methods B. means
C. approaches D. ways
答案：C18. as/so long as只要
As/So long as you are happy, it doesn't matter what you do.
只要你高兴，你干什么都行。
[词语辨析] as/so long as与if
as/so long as引导的条件从句表示必须满足一定的要求和规定条件；相反，由if引导的条件从句则是可能实现、也可能是不能实现的条件从句。 [考试题]
(北京东城区)After supper she would sit down by the fire, sometimes for ________ an hour, thinking of her young and happy days.
A．as long as B．as soon as
C．as much as D．as many as
答案与解析：A 根据语意“长达一小时”可知答案为A，其他选项不符合题意。(成都诊断)It matters little who does it ________ it is done, for you see, we are short of hands now.
A. as long as B. as far as
C. as early as D. as soon as
答案与解析：A 从for后的原因状语从句可知，我们缺少人手，所以主句所说的是“只要做完就可以，是谁做的并不重要”，故A项正确。(郑州质量预测)You will make some progress in your study of English ________ you keep more words in mind.
A. as far as B. as soon as
C. as long as D. as well as
答案与解析：C as far as直到……为止，根据……；as soon as一……就……；as long as只要，如果；as well as也，又；与……一样好。句意：只要你多记单词，你就会在英语学习中取得进步。19. ahead adj.在前面
ahead of 在……前面；早于；优先
look ahead为未来着想或打算；未雨绸缪
go ahead(with)进行；开始；往下说；用吧；干吧
get ahead of胜过；超过
be ahead of 占优势
ahead of time 提前 [考试题] (重庆联考)—Can you keep an eye on my bag, please？I want to use the bathroom.
—________It'll be safe with me.
A. All right. B. Come on.
C. Go ahead. D. Help yourself.
答案与解析：C 下句It'll be safe with me暗示答话人同意帮对方照看行李。因此应用Go ahead“去吧”。 句 型 剖 析
1. It is going to be remembered as a historical meeting this year, as the topic of Africa will be discussed in detail.今年的会议将作为一历史性的会议留在人们的记忆中，因为非洲问题将是本届会议详细讨论的问题。
第一个as是介词，意为“作为”，形成短语be remembered as“作为……被怀念/记着”。句中第二个as是从属连词，意为“因为，由于”，引导原因状语从句，可以放在主句前或后，表示的理由没有because那么强，不能用来回答why的提问或被强调。 [解题警示] as作连词，除引导原因状语从句外，还可以引导下列从句：
①as连接时间状语从句，as的主句和从句的动作同时发生，意为“一边……一边”或“随着”。
As the sun began to set, he searched for a light and found it.
随着太阳西下，他开始寻找灯并找到了一盏。
②as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然，即使”，常构成倒装结构。
Strange as it might sound, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.
虽然他的主意听起来很奇怪，但参加本次会议的所有人却都同意。 ③as引导方式状语从句，意为“以……方式”。
④as引导比较状语从句，意为“如……，像……”。
⑤as作关系代词，引导定语从句。
⑥as引导非限制性定语从句，as指代整个主句，意为“这一点”。
As is probably true with many people, I got quite homesick and often thought about going home.
这或许和许多人一样，我非常想家并经常考虑回家。
⑦as引导限制性定语从句，先行词一般常被such，the same等修饰，as在从句中充当主语或宾语。
These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.
这些房子的价格如人们期望的那么低。 [考试题] ①(成都外国语学校)Many Olympic athletes hold that the most important thing is not to win but to participate, ________ the most important thing in life is not the success, but the struggle.
A. as though B. just like
C. such as D. just as
答案与解析：D 考查连词与介词的辨析。句意：许多奥林匹克运动员认为，最重要的是参与，而不是获胜。正如人生中最重要的是奋斗而不是成功。just as“正如，正像”，后接句子。just like也有“正如，正像”之意，后接名词或代词。2. It is likely to be just the name of a company, part of which may be a general location.它很可能仅是公司的名称，其中可能含有公司的大概位置。
part of which may be a general location为“名词＋of＋which”引导定语从句，用来进一步说明先行词的一定数量、色彩或具体特征，很多情况下(涉及先行词数量除外)，可以和“whose＋名词”互换。 [解题警示] “名词＋of＋which”引导定语从句的先行词须是物，如果先行词是人，而定语从句表示“一定数量的……”时，也不能用whose，而用“名词＋of＋whom”。有时，也可用“of＋which＋名词”这种结构替代“名词＋of＋whom”。
In the group, there are 30 students, half of whom are girls.
这个小组有30个学生，其中一半是女生。
The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, of which the sailing time was 226 days.
这次环球之行花了这位老水手九个月的时间，其中的航行时间是226天。[考试题]
②(临沂质检)Martin Van Buren was the eighth President of the United States and the first ________ native language was not English but Dutch.
A. that B. whose
C. which D. where
答案与解析：B 考查定语从句。名词the first(president)与native language之间是所有关系。故答案选B项。 ③(2010·湖南省联考)Learning another language is like stepping out of a door, ________ I can look back and see more clearly my own language.
A. by which B. which
C. through which D. on which
答案与解析：C 考查非限制性定语从句引导词。根据语意，“通过那扇门我能回忆并且更能看清楚我自己的语言”，故C项符合题意。3. However, not all advertising is about selling products and services for a profit.然而，并非所有的广告都是为谋求利润而销售产品和服务的。
not all为部分否定，意为“并非都……”。
[解题警示]
(1)英语中的all，both，each，every，everybody，everything，complete，completely，always，whole，wholly，entirely，altogether等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都、并非都”的意思。(2)英语中的no，none，never，nobody，nothing，neither，no one，nowhere，no more，no longer等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。
While I agree with most of what you said, I don't agree with everything.
虽然我同意你说的大部分，但并不是每一点都同意。
I'm not altogether convinced by this argument.
我不完全信服这一论据。 4. “I would have been killed if I'd stayed in the truck，”he said afterwards.“如果我呆在货车里，我也死了，”他之后说。
本句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。 [解题警示]
虚拟条件句可分为三类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况；一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况；另一类是叙述与将来事实相反的情况。其构成列表如下：注意看清if引导的是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。
I wouldn't have gone, if I'd known he was going to be there.
如果我当初知道他也要到那里去，我就不会去的。
The farmers should have/ought to have been consulted.(but they were not consulted)
本该找农场主们商量商量的。(但没有商量。) [考试题]
④(济南统考)We ________ here at lunch time; we were delayed at the airport, though.
A．could be B．should be
C．must have been D．would have been
答案与解析：D 由句后的“We were delayed at the airport.”知前句未能在午饭时赶到这里，would have done“本来可能做某事，但未能做到”；must have done“肯定做了某事”。二者都用于对过去发生事情的推测，但由句意可知选D项。⑤(成都外国语学校)—How did you manage to travel abroad?
—My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I________ have afforded the trip.
A. shouldn't B. couldn't
C. mustn't D. needn't
答案与解析：B Otherwise后面的句子用了虚拟语气，表示和过去的事实相反。couldn't have afforded the trip在这里表示“(要不是父母借给我钱，)我就负担不起出国旅游的费用了。”⑥(连云港调研)—Why didn't you pick up the MP4?
—I ________ it, but I didn't carry that much money.
A. could buy B. should buy
C. must have bought D. could have bought
答案与解析：D could have done用于肯定句中，意为“想做却没有做”，符合题意“想买却没有买，因为钱不够”。must have done表示对过去的肯定推测，意为“一定……”。随 堂 检 测
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In some mountain areas of China, many children can't go to school because of p_______________.
2．If you want to join the Party, please write an a _________________first.
3．By a _____________the reasons of his success, we can find that hardworking is so important.
4．The teacher is trying a new _____________(方法)to language teaching.povertyapplicationanalysingapproach5．Large ____________(公司)often have strict interviews for interviewers.
6．A man is being questioned in relation to the a________ murder last night.
7．In order to change a___________ towards the patients who have AIDS，the government is bringing in new laws.
8．We can't c______________whether a child is clever or stupid from his or her points in an examination.corporationsattemptedattitudesconclude9．The invention of the typewriter was a great c________ to communication and printing.
10．This play is divided into three acts, and each act has three s_____________.contributionscenesⅡ.选择填空(有两项为多余选项)
stand for，stand out，in favour of，consist of，as long as，be harmful to，turn up
1．This is because two thirds of the earth's surface ____________ vast oceans.
2．You may borrow my car ____________you promise to give it back in time.
3．—What does NASA ____________？
—It means “National Aeronautics and Space Administration.”consists ofas long asstand for4．He was against my opinion while his brother was _____________________it.
5．Their daughter is a great dancer, she _______________________above the rest.in favour ofstands outⅢ.交际用语
1．—He is not a bad player, is he?
—________
A．Really? B．I can't believe my eyes.
C．Believe it or not. D．You'd better believe it.
答案与解析：D 句意：——他表演得还可以，对吗？——没错。A项表示惊奇或怀疑之意，B项表示非常吃惊，C项信不信由你，此三项均不符合本情境所需要的交际功能，即一个明确的回答，而D项“千真万确”则为最佳答案。2．—Could I ask you a rather personal question?
—Sure，________.
A．pardon me B．go ahead
C．good idea D．forget it
答案与解析：B 句意：——我可以问你一个私人问题吗？——当然可以，说吧。pardon me请再说一遍，像这样的说法还有Could you repeat it, please？/Could you say that again, please？go ahead表示允许，许可，好吧！good idea表示对别人的意见表示同意，forget it表示接受别人的歉意，由句意知B项正确。3．(2008·江西)—I think you'd better type this letter again before Mr. Smith sees it.
—Oh, dear！________
A．Who cares? B．No problem.
C．I don't mind at all. D．Is it as bad as that?
答案与解析：D 由所提供的语境“Oh，dear！”可以看出回答者惊叹的语气，句意：——我想你最好在史密斯先生看到这封信之前再重新打一遍。——哎呀！这封信有这么糟吗？D项符合上下文语境。Who cares？“谁在乎”表示一种冷漠的态度。No problem.“没问题”，都不符合语境。4. —I've studied growing plants as one of my interests. Could I make some suggestions?
—________.
A. You will make it B. Go right ahead
C. Don't mention it D. Take it easy
答案与解析：B A项表示“你将(在事业上)获得成功”；B项表示“好，说吧”；C项表示“不必谢”；D项表示“放心吧”。Ⅳ.语法专练
1．(2010·青岛月考) People were not allowed to enter the reading room because it ________.
A．had been painted B．was being painted
C．was painting D．painted
答案：B 2．(2010·青岛月考)—Learning a language isn't easy. It takes time.
—I agree. ________. There's no short cut.
A．All roads lead to Rome
B．Rome wasn't built in a day
C．Practice makes perfect
D．Slow but sure wins the race
答案：B 3. (2010·潍坊测试) —Jack, I'm going to Beijing to have a trip. Do you have anything ________ to your friends.
A. to take B. to be taken
C. taken D. taking
答案：B 4. (2010·学军中学) The US President Obama told the students that he ________ by a single mother who were strict with him and wished him great success in his studies.
A. will have been brought down
B. has been carried out
C. was brought up
D. was about to be cared for
答案：C 5. (2010·湖南师大附中)HuShuli, ________ editor of China's most influential business publication, Caijing, has resigned from the biweekly.
A. founding B. founded
C. found D. having found
答案：A 6. (2010·郑州47中) My son's best friend Jimmy is very shy, but can you imagine ________ at the party held to welcome the exchange teachers and students from China?
A. him sing B. his singing
C. him to sing D. his to sing
答案：B 7. (2010·福建期末)The government announced that six highways ________ by the end of last year.
A．built B．had built
C．have been built D．had been built
答案：D 8. (2010·雅礼月考)A series of stimulus policies and supportive measures taken by the government ________ to promote change in the economic environment in this area.
A. are expecting B. are expected
C. is expecting D. is expected
答案与解析：D 此题考察主谓一致和被动语态。主语是单位词：a series of...，谓语用单数。根据句意要用被动。9. (2010·江苏模拟)I could have offered you some help last weekend, but I ________ with my work at that time.
A. would be occupied B. was occupying
C. had been occupied D. was occupied
答案：D课时检测?(Unit 11 The Media)Ⅰ.单项填空
1．He came up with a new ________ to the problem at yesterday's meeting.
A．procedure B．method
C．approach D．means
答案与解析：C approach与介词to搭配使用，其他三项中的名词与of连用。句意：在昨天的会议上，他提出了一个解决问题的新方法。2．Tom has been preparing carefully for the English examination, so that he can be sure of passing it at his first ________.
A. request B. attempt
C. promise D. purpose
答案与解析：B request请求；attempt尝试；promise许诺；purpose目的。根据句意可知应该用attempt。3．It's no use ________ to solve problems ________. Talks are the only solution.
A. trying; by force
B. to try; by force
C. to try; by communication
D. trying; by communication
答案与解析：A 依据“It's no use/useless doing sth.”结构排除B、C选项；by force“通过武力”与后面的talks相对应。4．A completely new situation will ________ when the examination system comes into existence.
A. arise B. rise
C. raise D. lift
答案与解析：A 句意：当考试制度开始产生时 ，一个全新的情况就会出现。arise“产生，出现”，为不及物动词，符合题意。raise“举起，提起”，为及物动词；rise上升；上溅；起身；lift上举，为及物动词。5．The little boy came riding full speed down the motorway on his bicycle. What a dangerous ________ it was!
A. scene B. look
C. appearance D. scenery
答案与解析：A 句意：那个小男孩骑着自行车沿机动车道全速冲了下来。多么危险的场景啊！scene“景象”，大多包括了其中的人及其活动。look面貌；appearance表面；外观；scenery风景。6．All cases ________ children are dealt with in a special children's court.
A. respectable B. respected
C. respective D. respecting
答案与解析：D 句意：有关未成年人的所有案件都是在一个特别的未成年人法庭处理的。respecting“关于，与……有关”，为介词，符合题意。respectable“相当好的；值得尊敬的”；respective“分别的，各自的”。7．Mr. Black demanded that his son ________ out to clean all the snow in the yard.
A．go B．went
C．would go D．has gone
答案与解析：A 句意：布来克先生要求他的儿子出去清理院子里的雪。demand意为“要求”，后接的宾语从句的谓语一般用“(should＋)动词原形”。8．________a child of ten, he had to drop out and help his father on the small shop.
A．While B．When
C．As D．Because
答案与解析：C 句意：作为一个十岁的孩子，他不得不辍学来帮助父亲经营那家小店。句中应该填入一个介词，只有C项可以作介词。9．Jim acted in the ________ that he was doing good.
A．belief B．process
C．application D．debt
答案与解析：A 句意：杰姆这么做是因为他认定他是在做好事。belief信仰，信心，信任；process过程，进程；application申请，应用；debt债务。10．Having written his first book earlier this year, he is ________ starting in a new one.
A．currently B．actually
C．recently D．lately
答案与解析：A 今年早些时候他写好第一本书，目前又着手写一本新的。start in“开始做某事”，常用于口语中。11．I was offered three kinds of holidays, the first ________ I really enjoyed.
A. of that B. of which
C. that D. which
答案与解析：B 句意：有人提供了三种假期，其中的第一种我真的喜欢。12．Tim had most of his things stolen. He has hardly ________ left in the house.
A．anything B．everything
C．nothing D．something
答案与解析：A 句意：蒂姆的大部分东西都被偷走了，在他的房子里几乎没剩下什么东西。句中hardly相当于almost not，可以与否定词连用的为A和B两项，not anything＝nothing，而not everything意为“并非每件东西”表示部分否定。13．Anyone ________ to be checked or found with explosives will face punishment according to the law.
A．refuse B．refusing
C．to refuse D．refused
答案与解析：B refusing to be checked or found with explosives 作anyone的后置定语。14．There are too many people ________ John McCain who are willing to print an e-mail for him.
A. surrounded B. surrounding
C. to surround D. having surrounded
答案与解析：B 现在分词surrounding John McCain作people的后置定语，构成主动关系。15．If I try to correct someone, I have to do it with so much good humor and bright smile as if I were the one ________.
A. correcting B. to correct
C. to be corrected D. being corrected
答案与解析：D 好像我就是那个正在被纠正的人。现在分词短语being corrected作the one的后置定语。Ⅱ.完形填空
Declan Galbraith (born on December 19, 1991 ) lived with Ben, his grandfather, since he was six months old. Ben sang in a band and often took Declan along to the bars __16__he was playing in. “I would sit there for hours watching Ben and the __17__，and listening to their music.” Says Declan. The explosive mix of Scottish and Irish musical traditions __18__ Declan and became his early musical influence. He remembers himself already singing at two. He adds, “These are some of my very __19__ memories in life-always singing. ” Declan's talent was __20__ acknowledged for the first time when at just seven he performed at the annual Rochester Dickens Festival. Little Declan, __21__ a chimney sweeper，started singing and the __22__ went wild. Soon after this he started to enter local talent __23__ and within a year he had won 16 titles and more than ￡ 100,000. Declan has become a well-known celebrity. Unfortunately Ben died __24__ he could see Declan's success. __25__， Declan cites him as his strongest musical __26__. His first album Declan was out in 2002. It was a big hit and charted in the U. K. and Ireland. Another big success came during a nationwide __27__ of Young Voices concerts when __28__ Guinness World Record, but his mother said，“He would not __29__ the real world, and should remain a __30__ young man. We know he has an extraordinary talent and he has __31__ himself a very high goal. ” Now he has made music and singing his full-time __32__. In cooperation with producer Ully Jonas, the resulting album, entitled Thank you, was __33__ in December, 2006. He knows that it is important to keep up with all of his __34__ and education. “One day I would also like to __35__ other skills and perhaps do some acting as well. ” 16. A. where B. in which
C. that D. what
17. A. artists B. musicians
C. audience D. waiters
18. A. inspired B. encouraged
C. interested D. excited
19. A. latest B. recent
C. few D. first 20. A. secretly B. slowly
C. publicly D. quickly
21. A. dressed in B. dressed up as
C. dressed up D. dressed
22. A. crowd B. masses
C. persons D. folks
23. A. performances B. clubs
C. contests D. courses24. A. until B. before
C. after D. when
25. A. However B. Therefore
C. Yet D. Then
26. A. effect B. affect
C. effort D. influence
27. A. trip B. journey
C. tour D. travel28. A. breaking B. making
C. setting D. creating
29. A. keep in touch with B. lose touch with
C. be in touch with D. be out of
30. A. usual B. common
C. regular D. normal
31. A. set B. achieved
C. reached D. accomplished32. A. business B. trade
C. career D. aim
33. A. published B. released
C. brought out D. come out
34. A. schoolwork B. schoolmates
C. homework D. exercises
35. A. form B. train
C. have D. develop答案与解析：
16. C he was playing in 暗示先行词the bars是介词in的宾语，所以应用that/which。另外A、B为同类项，可首先排除。
17. B Ben sang in a hand, 所以 Declan应该是在注视着他爷爷和他爷爷的同事——音乐人。空后的their music也是暗示。
18. A inspire表示“赋予……灵感”，符合语境，照应了后面的句子“became his early musical influence.”。有兴趣但不一定能出成就，故排除C项。19. D 根据上一句的already singing at two(两岁就会唱歌了)和空格后面的always singing可知，这里指他最初的记忆，而不是“最近的”(latest, recent)记忆。
20. C publicly“公开的，在公众场合地”，符合语境。
21. B 后面的sweeper暗示前面应该是dressed up as(装扮成)。
22. A crowd指听歌的台下的人群，符合语境：观众变得非常狂热。而the masses表示“群众，大众”，the folks“老百姓”，都不符合语境。23. C talent contests“才艺竞赛”。后面的won 16 titles也暗示了本题的答案。
24. B before在这里的意思为“还没有来得及”。遗憾的是Ben还没来得及看到Declan的成功就去世了。
25. A 用However表示转折，意思为“然而”。
26. D 第二段中“his early musical influence”暗示了本题的答案。
27. C a nationwide暗示这是全国范围内的巡回演出，所以只能用tour，表示“巡回演出”。28. A 2002年他推出了首张专辑《迪克兰》，唱片非常成功，登上了英国和爱尔兰排行榜，在“Young Voices”的全国巡回演中，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录。
29. B 由该空所在语境“他不能脱离现实世界”可知，这里应用lose touch with，表示“和……疏远，脱离”。
30. D normal表示“正常的，平常的，普通的”，侧重人的行为、思维、长相等。干扰项是common，侧重没有特殊的地位、头衔等，如a common soldier。
31. A set a goal为习惯用法，意思为“确定目标”。而B、C、D项为同类项，都可以表示“达到、实现(目标)”。32. C career表示“职业”，音乐和唱歌成了他的全部事业。
33. B “发行”专辑用release，“出版”图书用publish。
34. A schoolwork意思为“功课”，与后面的education对应。此外从语言的“小环境”看并不是赶上同学们。
35. D 用develop表示“开发、培养、发展”等，与other skills搭配，意为“培养其他的技能”。Ⅲ.阅读理解 Nowadays credit cards almost replace cash and checks for both individuals and business. Each person's social security number would used as the card number. Firms would use their state identification number. Thus, every individual would be able to pay for everything by credit card—newspapers, donations, tolls, theater admissions, tuition, children's allowances, everything. All salary payments would be credited directly to each individual's account which would pay one's bills, state taxes, and deposit (存款) what's left—if anything—into a saving account. Just think of the convenience of getting rid of cash and checks and even eliminating loose change. No need，then, to worry as before, when you wanted to buy a newspaper and you only had a $ 20 bill. However，with a complete credit card economy, we would still have the problem of thefts of cards, forging of cards and lost cards. Children would lose their cards, mom would leave hers in the other purse, and dad would forget his in other jacket. If a girl did not have room in her bikini for her card, how could she buy a coke at the beach? You could not spend a cent without your card, so the credit card is really not that practical. Something else is needed that is small, always with us, cannot be forged, and easily identifies our account. The answer is your thumbprint; everyone's thumbprint would be recorded with his or her Social Security number! Using thumbprints satisfies all of the requirements. The details of everyone's thumbprint would be picked up on a small scanning screen in the Charging device at each store and business. Corporations, firms and government agencies would use the thumbprint of the treasurer or anyone authorized to sign checks. Even babies could be thumbprinted at birth so they would be prepared to buy their first lollipop! The thumbprint is certainly a handy solution to our money problems. But one final word of advice：if your child is a thumb sucker, don't be too quick to break the habit—keeping his thumb in his mouth may save him money some day. 36. The general idea of this passage is that ________.
A. there are many serious problems in the credit economy
B. the biggest advantage of the credit card is its protection from theft
C. with necessary improvements the credit card economy is becoming the trend of modern economy
D. thumbprint has more advantages than credit card
答案与解析：C 归纳概括题。文章主要讲信用卡的优点、不足和改进，根据题意，应选C项。 37. The underlined word“ eliminating” ( in Paragraph 1 )means ________.
A. killing in large numbers
B. doing away with
C. spending completely
D. protecting from stealing
答案与解析：B 猜词题。eliminating消除的、排除的，根据文章第一自然段第六、七句可知，消除了携带现金和支票的不方便，甚至是消除携带零钱的麻烦，根据题意，应选do away with废除，消灭。38. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Without credit card one couldn't make a living in the society.
B. The credit card saves one's trouble of carrying cash with him.
C. The credit card can be used for both payment and deposit.
D. The use of credit card also has its disadvantages.
答案与解析：A 推理判断题。根据文章第一自然段第六句可知，信用卡可使我们省去携带现金和支票带来的不便，B项正确。根据文章第一自然段第四句可知，信用卡可以为任何东西付款，C项正确。根据文章第二自然段可知，信用卡有很多缺点，信用卡被偷、忘记带或是丢失卡片，D项正确。根据题意，应选A项。39. In the last sentence the writer ________.
A. gives a piece of very useful advice
B. tells the harm of a baby's habit of thumb-sucking
C. tries to be humorous about the topic of using the credit card
D. thinks that it's necessary to teach children to be economical 答案与解析：C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段，指纹无疑是一个对钱这个问题方便的解决办法，但最后一个忠告：如果您的孩子吮吸拇指，不要太快打破习惯——有一天，保持他的拇指在他的嘴里可能会节省他的钱。可推知，作者对信用卡使用这个话题，用了幽默的表达方式，根据题意，应选C项。Ⅳ.短文改错
Jack was excellent student at school. Whatever he did, he is always the best one in class. He could get full marks every time even he didn't listen to the teacher. Some people found it surprised that he was always ready to helping others with a smile. He helped his classmates with his homework; he helped the teachers answer the difficult questions risen by the students; he was good at ball games... In the whole, he was a perfect boy. Everybody liked him. He lived a peacefully life until one day when he got up he found an gray hair on his head.答案：Jack was ∧（an） excellent student at school. Whatever he did, he is(was) always the best one in class. He could get full marks every time even ∧(if) he didn't listen to the teacher. Some people found it surprised(surprising )that he was always ready to helping(help) others with a smile. He helped his classmates with his(their) homework; he helped the teachers answer the difficult questions risen(raised) by the students; he was good at ball games... In(On) the whole, he was a perfect boy. Everybody liked him. He lived a peacefully(peaceful)life until one day when he got up he found an(a )gray hair on his head.