Module 2 Friendship（宾语从句讲练）

课件41张PPT。Objective Clause宾语从句讲练GameLet’s play the game: “Polly says”.
T: His best friend is Li Bin.
Ss: Polly says that his best friend is Li Bin.二、连接词：
1.that (从句表达肯定的概念)
2.Whether、if(从句表达不确定的概念)
3.连接代词what、which、who、whom、whose及连接副词when、where、how、why(从句表达什么，谁，谁的，时间，地点，方式，原因等的概念)
一概念：在句子中起宾语作用的从句,跟在动词、介词后
的句子称为宾语从句。Which of the following sentences are the Object Clauses?
I will buy a bike.
He likes meat.
She can speak English and French.
I can see the boys are playing football.
Mr Smith knew his son made some mistakes.
I think Mr Zhang is a very good teacher.
The shop sells different kinds of food.
We have planted hundreds of trees in the school.√√√1．that属于从属连接词，在宾语从句中没有实际意义，只是起引导从语的作用。 1）作动词的宾语从句
We all know (that) success calls for hard work.
我们都知道成功需要付出艰辛的劳动。
We knew (that) he had made a mistake.
我们知道他犯了一个错误。
2）在某些be+形容词的结构后面也可以跟that引导的宾语从句。 如sure, certain, glad, pleased, happy, afraid, surprised, sorry等。
I am sure that I have posted the letter.
我的确把那封信寄了。
I am afraid that you are right.
恐怕你是对的。 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句eg.
I hear (that) _______________________.
（一小时后他会回来） he will be back in an hour注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。由从属连词that引导的宾语从句eg.
2. He said (that) ____________________.
（他非常想念我们）
3. The teacher told us (that)
_____________________________.
（地球围着太阳转） he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun2．whether /if在做“是否”解时引导宾语从句，常放在动词know，ask，care，wonder，find out等之后。在口语中常用if。 whether /if在宾语从句中不作任何成分，但含有“是否”的含义，在句子中不可省略。
I don’t know whether/ if this bike is hers.
我不知道这辆自行车是否是她的。
Can you tell me whether/ if your father joined the Party in 1990?
你能告诉我你父亲是不是1990年入党的？
【要点拓展】 whether/if在表示“是否”，引导宾语从句时常可通用。但一下情况只可以用whether。
介词后的宾语从句用whether引导。
We are talk about whether we can get the chance.
我们再讨论我们是否可以得到这个机会。
whether引导宾语从句可以与or not连用
He doesn’t know whether they will plant trees on Saturday or not.
他不知道他们周六是否会去植树。
Whether引导的宾语从句可以置于句首。
Whether they will join in the picnic I don’t care.
他们是否参加野餐，我不在乎。
在不定式前只用whether。
I’m just wondering whether to stay for another hour.
我不知道是否要再等一个小时。 3．由连接代词引导的宾语从句
who whom whose what which
Do you know whose child he is?
你知道他是谁的孩子吗？
Do you remember what you should do next?
你记得你接下来应该做什么吗？
I want to know which medicine he has taken.
我要知道他服了哪种药。
Please tell me who called me just now.
请告诉我刚才谁打电话给我。
I don’t know whom they are speaking to.
我不知道他的在跟谁讲话。
【要点拓展】连接代词一般指疑问，但what除了指疑问之外，也可指陈述。
I don’t believe what you said.
我不相信你所说的话。
4、由连接副词引导的宾语从句when why where howHe asked me where they were born.
他问我他们出生在哪里。
He asks how we can help protect the environment.
他问我们怎样才能为保护环境出点力。
I can’t find out why the machine doesn’t work well.
我不能找出这台机器为什么动转不灵。
Did you ask the teacher when we would have a test?
你问老师我们什么时候进行测验了吗？
【要点拓展】连接副词引导的宾语从句一般表示疑问，但有时也表示陈述。连接副词在从句中做状语。
I remember when I lived with my grandparents in the country.（when在从句中作时间状语，不表示疑问。）
我记得我和爷爷奶奶在乡村住过的日子。【注意】1、由连接代词、连接副词引导的宾语从句可以向“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。 　
I don’t know how I should do with the gifts. =I don’t know how to do with the gifts.
我不知道怎么处理礼物。Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.1 – Please tell me if / why you want to
come to my party.
-- I’d love to come. Thanks !
2 – I don’t know how / why he did it.
-- I’ll show you.3 – I am not sure when / whether Tony will come or not.
-- No, he isn’t.
4 – I want to know how long / old he is.
-- He is ten years old.5 – Do you know if / where the orchestra will play?
-- Yes, in the concert hall in town.
6 – Can you tell me that / who sings this song?.
-- Yes, it’s Robbie Williams.7 – Can I ask you if /why you like living here?
-- Because everyone is so friendly.
8 – Do you know when / what the next English club is?
-- Yes, it’s on Thursday, at five o’clock.9 – Can you tell me how/ when Sally is playing?
-- Yes. At ten o’clock, I think.
10 –I’ve heard that / who our team won the match. Is it true?
-- Yes, it is. Isn’t it wonderful!二、时态（主现从随意，主过从必过，真理从必现。）
1.宾语从句中如果主句是现在的时态（包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。
I know he lives here.
我知道他住在这。
I know he lived here ten years ago.
我知道他十年前住在这。
I have heard that he will come.
我已经听说他要来了。
2.宾语从句中如果主句是过去的时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时)那么从句的是态一定要用过去的时态(包括一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时)

I knew who lived here.
我知道谁住在这。
He said that he had seen it.
他说他已经看了。
3.宾语从句中如果从句是客观真理，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。
My teacher told me that the moon goes around the earth.
下列各题各有一处错误，请指出。1.He said that he has seen the film.
2.My teacher asked if was she late for school.
3.My father told me Beijing was the capital of China.________(had)______________（ she was)__________(is)三、语序 1、陈述句变为宾语从句时，语序不变
陈述句：He is an honest man.
他是一个诚实的人。
宾语从句：I said he was an honest man.
(连词that可省略)
我说他是一个诚实的人。2、一般疑问句变为宾语从句时，语序要变为陈述句语序，用whether、if连接。
一般疑问句：Does he study hard?
他学习认真吗？
宾语从句：I wonder if (whether) he studies hard?
我不知道他是否认真学习。
一般疑问句：Will they win?
他们会赢吗？
宾语从句：I asked if (whether) they would win.
我问他们是否会赢。
3、特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时，语序要变为陈述句语序，用连接代词或副词（即保留原来的疑问词）
特殊疑问句：Who is he?
他是谁？
宾语从句：Do you know who he is?
你知道他是谁吗？
特殊疑问句：What does he want?
他要什么？
宾语从句：I don’t know what he wants?
我不知道他要什么？
1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was it
C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring
2. Let me tell you __________________.
A. how much is the car B. how much does the car
cost
C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car
3. Peter knew _______________.
A. whether he has finished reading the book
B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year
D. when they will leave for Paris
4. Could you tell me ___________?
A. where do you live 　 B. who you are waiting for
C. who were you waiting for? D. where you live in
5. She told me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise 　B. rose 　C. rises 　D. had risen
6.I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get C.why does he get
B.why he gets D. why he got7. The manager came up to see __________.
A. what was the matter 　B. what the matter was
C. what the matter is??? D. what's the matter
8. He asked his father _______.
where it happens? ?B. where did it happen
C. how it happened??? D. how did it happen
9. No one tells us______, so we need your help.
how we should do?? B. what should we do
C. how to do it?????? D. what to do it10. Could you please teach me _______ the computer.
A. how check?? C. how to check
B. to check???? D. to how checking
11. ─Where do you think ______ he _____ the TV set?
─ Sorry, I've no idea.
　 A./, bought?? B. has, bought?? C. did, buy?? D. did bought
We want to study.They saidthey wanted to study.What did your father say?You are a clever girl.My father said I was a clever girl.I am in space.What did he say?He said he was in space.He asked why you were so happy?Why are you so
Happy ?Am I taller than you? if/whether he was taller than them.He asked请完成以下宾语从句。1. The tickets are in my pocket. The man said.
The man said___________________
2. I have joined the League. He said.
He said________________________
3. The earth goes round the sun. Our teacher told us.
the tickets were in my pocketthat he had joined the League Our teacher told us_____________
____________________________
4. Have you heard of anything about Mei? The man asked us.
The man asked us_________
____________________________
5.Can you swim? Please tell me.
the earth goesround the sun If/whether weHad heard of anything about MeiPlease tell me_________________
6. How can we do the work well?
I always think of.
I always think of _______________
____________________________
7.When do you go to bed? He asked me.If/whether you can swimhow we can do the work well
He asked me _________________
when I went to bed8. Where did you meet Mr Green?
I wanted to know.
I wanted to know_______________
____________________________
9. What are they drawing? Do you know? I wanted to know_________
____________________________
where you metMr Greenwhat they were drawing根据汉语提示，完成句子。1.He says_______________________
____________.(我爸爸三天后回来）
2.Our teacher asks _____________
___________.( 昨天谁打碎了玻璃）
3.Please tell me_____________
____________.(他们正在谈论什么） that his father will be back in three days who broke the window yesterdaywhat they aretalking about
The Object Clause 宾语从句1 that
2 if / whether
3 when, where, how, why等疑问词。1主句现在时, 从句可用任何时态。
2 主句过去时,从句要改用相对应的过去某种时态。一般疑问句和特殊疑问句作从句的时候,都要变成陈述句语序. 有时需要改变人称
但客观事实、真理仍用一般现在时； Could you tell me..?只是委婉的“请求” ，并不表示过去时，所以其后的宾语从句可根据需要用任何时态。