九年级英语备课组寒假作业
简单句和并列句
主备教师：孔令兰
一、简单句（Simple Sentence）
简单句只有一个主谓关系。句子可能有两个或更多的主语，也可能有两个或更多的谓语，但是句子中的主谓关系只有一个。要想写好简单句，我们必须记住以下六种句型，它们是语言的基本模式。
句型一
主语 + 谓语(不及物动词)
His father cooks. 他父亲做饭。
The children are listening quietly. 孩子们在静静地听着。
He runs fast in the street. 他在街上跑得飞快。
The meeting begins at nine. 会议9点开始。
They worked day and night. 他们夜以继日地工作。
句型二
主语 + 谓语(及物动词) + 宾语
He didn’t like the film. 他不喜欢这部电影。
She often helps him. 她经常帮助他。
I have already finished reading the book. 我已经读完这本书了。
They decided to go hiking. 他们决定去徒步旅行。
He thought about the problem for a few moments. 他把这个问题思考了一会儿。
句型三
主语 + 系动词 + 表语
Your watch looks very nice. 你的手表看起来很漂亮。
The mooncake tastes very delicious. 这种月饼尝起来很可口。
The days get shorter and shorter. 白天变得越来越短了。
In spring, the trees turn green. 春天，树变绿了。
注:此句型中的谓语动词是连系动词，如be, seem, turn(变得), taste, feel, smell, get(变得) become (变得), look(看起来) sound（听起来）等，作表语的可以是名词、代词、形容词。
句型四
主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语
Please give me a few apples. 请给我几个苹果。
I’ll show you my photos. 我将给你看我的照片。
注:此句型中的及物动词后接两个宾语(双宾语)，即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。通常情况下，间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。有时间接宾语也可改为由介词on或for引起的短语，放在直接宾语的后面。
She passed him the salt. = She passed the salt to him. 她把盐递给了他。
His uncle bought him a birthday present yesterday. = His uncle bought a birthday present for him yesterday. 昨天，他叔叔给他买了一件生日礼物。
由介词 to 连接间接宾语的动词常见的有：give, pass, tell, show, lend, take, teach 等；由介词 for 连接间接宾语的动词常见的有：buy, cook, get, make, choose, sing 等。
句型五
主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
At first I found Chinese quite hard. 开始时我发现汉语相当难。
Tell him not to be late tomorrow. 告诉他明天不要迟到。
He made all of us laugh. 他使我们都大笑起来(from www.zkenglish.com)。
The little girl often helps her mother (to) do the housework. 这个小女孩经常帮她的母亲做家务活。
The six students keep their hands behind their backs.
句型六
There be + 主语 + 状语(介词短语)
There is some meat on the plate. 盘里有些肉。
There are going to be two football matches this afternoon. 今天下午有两场足球比赛。
There was a bike under the tree just now. 刚才树底下有辆自行车。
There are some people in the hall. 大厅里有些人。
There is a pen and some books on the desk. 书桌上有支钢笔和几本书。
There are some apples and an orange in the basket. 在篮子里有一些苹果和一个橘子。
本句型又叫 There be 句型，常用来表示“在某地(某时) 有某物(某人)”，但应注意与have 的区别：have / has 作“有”讲时，表示所属关系，即“所有，占有”，而 there be 结构表示客观上的存在，不说明所有关系。
注意：动词 be 在人称和数上应和其后的主语(名词) 保持一致， 即主语是不可数名词或单数可数名词时用 is，复数可数名词时用 are。若 be 后有一个或两个以上的名词作主语时，be动词应采取“就近原则”，即 be 应与邻近的主语在数上保持一致。动词 be 的时态随具体情况而定。
二、并列句（Compound Sentence）
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子叫做并列句，其基本句型是：简单句＋并列连词＋简单句。并列连词有and, but, or, so,等。并列句中的各简单句的意义同等重要，相互之间没从属关系，是平行并列的关系，他们之间用连词连接。
如：I like apples and I like bananas, too.
I like bananas but I don’t like apples.
Hurry up, or we’ll be late.
and, but和or都是连词，在句中连接两个或两个以上并列成分。可连接两个词，两个短语，两个句子。但连接的两个成分必须一致，决不能一个是词，一个是句子。如：
I like red and purple.
He is good at playing tennis and swimming.
and 的意思是“和”，表示前后两个成分的并列或对称关系；or的意思是“或者”、“否则”、 “要不然”，表示两个成分并列或选择关系；but 的意思是“但是”，表示两个成分之间的转折关系。
并列句中：1.表并列关系的 由and, both...and, as well as, not only...but (also),neither...nor等组成。
She not only sings but also dances.
2.表转折关系的 与but, however(然而），while(然而），still, yet等连用。
The film is not perfect, still, it's good.
3.表选择关系的 由or, either...or...,not...but...,or else(否则）连接
Take the chance, or else you will regret(后悔) it.
4.表因果关系的 与for, so/so that, therefore(因此),because等连用。
I'd better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain.
并列句的分类
不同的并列连词表示并列分句之间的不同关系。根据并列分句之间的关系不同，并列句可以分为以下几种：
表示联合关系的并列句
这类并列句常用并列连词and (和), not only ... but also... (不但……而且……)等来连接，这时分句之间是顺承关系或并列关系。and一般不译出来。例如：
1. We bought her a birthday present, _____ she liked it very much. (2005年岳阳市)
A. so B. or C. and D. but
分析:根据语境，句意为“我们为她买了一件生日礼物，她非常喜欢。”表示联合
关系，故选C。
2. — Didn’t you give roses to your father on Father’s Day?
— Oh, not only my father, _____ my grandpa got red roses. (2005年包头市)
A. or B. and C. but D. until
分析:结合语境，表示联合关系，not only ... but also ...不但……而且……中的also可省略，故选C。
表示转折关系的并列句
这类并列句常用but (但是;可是)，yet(可是;然而)，while (而)等来连接，后面分句与前面分句之间有意义上的转折关系。例如：
1. — Would you like to go to the concert with me?
— I’d love to, _____ I can’t. I have a lot of homework to do. (2005年北京市)
A. or B. but C. so D. and
分析:语境分析，表示转折关系，故应选B。
2. The doctors tried their best to save the patient’s life, _____ failed (2005年上海市)
A. or B. so C. but D. because
分析:该句意为“医生们尽力挽救那个病人的生命，但是失败了。”表示转折关系，故应选C。
表示选择关系的并列句
这类并列句常用并列连词or(或者)，either … or … (要么……，要么……)等连接。例如：
_____ Lily _____ Lucy may go with you because one of them must stay at home.
A. Not only; but also
B. Neither; nor
C. Both; and
D. Either; or
分析:根据句意可知，两人中只有一个人可以去，表示选择关系，故选D。
课件16张PPT。简单句与并列句(一)简单句?
由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)所构成的句子叫简单句，其结构是主语+ 谓语。
?
(二)并列句?
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句
常用的连词有and,but,or not only...but also,neither...nor,either...or
简单句按结构分
一个完整的简单句由 “主语部分+谓语部分”构成
The man is a teacher.
主语部分 谓语部分
He works hard.
主语部分 谓语部分
He teaches English well.
主语部分 谓语部分
动词连系动词
主要动词
行为动词
助动词
辅助动词
情态动词be (am is are was were) / seem / keep
是/好象(似乎)是/保持
look / feel / taste / smell / sound
看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)
become / turn / get / grow 变得
不及物动词 laugh / smlie / look / listen
及物动词 see / hear / drank / eat
be (am / is /are / was / were)
do / does / did
have / has / had
will / shall / be going tocan / may / must / shall / need
could / should / would / might
have (has) to / had better
简单句的五种类型
主语+谓语 They arrived.
主语+谓语+宾语 He received the letter
.
主语+谓语+宾语+宾语不足语 It made him angry
.
主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 Jim gave me much help.
主语+系动词+表语 The flower is beautiful.[1] 主系表型
She is a very good girl .
(__语) (__词) (___语)
The girl is very good.
(__语) (__词) (___语)
[2] 主谓型
<1>______式: They ‖ laughed. The kites ‖ fly in the sky.
(__语) (__词) (__语) (__词)
<2>______式: I ‖ bought a new bike. He ‖ plays volleyball.
(__语) (__词) (__语) (__语) (__词) (__语)
<3>______式: She ‖ told me a story. He ‖ gave me a good book.
(__语) (__词) (__语) (__语) (__语) (__词) (__语) (__语)
<4>______式 He ‖ asked me to help him. He ‖ made me happy.
(__语) (__词) (__语) (__语) (__语) (__词) (__语) (__语)
[1] 主系表型
She is a very good girl .
(主语) (连系动词) (表语)
The girl is very good.
(主语) (连系动词) (表语)
[2] 主谓型
<1>主谓式: They ‖ laughed. The kites ‖ fly in the sky.
（主语) (谓语动词) (主语) (谓语动词)
<2>主谓宾式: I ‖ bought a new bike. He ‖ plays volleyball.
(主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语)
<3>主谓宾宾式:
She ‖ told me a story. He ‖ gave me a good book.
(主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语) (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语)
<4>主谓宾宾补式
He ‖ asked me to help him. He ‖ made me happy.
(主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语补足语) (主语) (谓语动词) (宾语) (宾语补足语)
判断这些句子的类型并理解be动词的双重身份（连系动词／助动词）
The boy is asleep.
The boy is sleeping.
The boy is playing the guitar.
He is playing happily.
His music is very beautiful.
It is beautiful music.
主系表
主谓主谓宾
(二)并列句
由并列连词把两个或两个以上的互相关连而又互相独立的独句(即简单句)连在一起而构成的句子叫并列句。其结构是：简单句+并列连词+简单句.常用的连词有and,but,or not only...but also,neither...nor,either...or
(1)并列连词的选用。
(2)并列连词与从属连词的区别。 ?
典型例题解析【例1】 John likes walking in the open air, A .
A.so does Tom B.also does Tom?
C.tom likes also D.so Tom does?
【例2】 Joke broke his leg，____B___??
A.did he B.didn't he?
C.do you D.don't you?
【例3】 There will be a volleyball match in our school, D ?
A.be there B.is there?
C.will there D.won't there?
【例4】 There will be a volleyball match in our school, ?
A. be there B. is there?
C. will there D. won't there
?
【例5】 There is a lot of_________in the box
?
A. cake B. bags of cakes?
C. milk D. bags of milk
CC课时训练1.We can't live_________water.?
A.with B.has? C.haven't D.without?
2.We must hurry，_______we will be late for school.?
A.and B.or? C.but D.if?
3._________you_________she are like English.?
A.Both...and B.Neither...nor?
C.Either...or D.Not only...but also?
4.The number of the students_________50.?
A.are B.am? C.is D.have?
5.He was tired,_________he still went on working.?
A.and B.but ?C.or D.also??DBACB6._________Lily_________Lucy can go with you.
Because one of them must look after their mother at home.
A.Neither...nor? B.Either...or?
C.Both...and ?D.No only...but also??
7._________is made of _________.?
A.Glasses，glasses B.A glass，glass?
C.Glasses，glasses D.A glass，glasses?
8.We are very tired,we should have_________rest.?
A.half an hour B.an hour?
C.half a hour's D.an hour's?
9.I heard her_________in the next room.?
A.singing B.sang? C.go sing D.singBBDA10.—I usually have breakfast at home.?
—_________.?
A.So have I B.So do I
?C.I have so D.I do so
?
11.Open the door，_____??
A.will you B.won't you
? C.don't you D.do you?
12.He found_________interesting to learn English.?
A.it B.this? C.that D.thoseBBAⅡ句型转换?
1.The mountain is very beautiful.(改为感叹句)?
______ ____beautiful mountain it is!?
2.How is the weather in China?(改为同义句)?
______the weather ______in China.?
3.The boy is the most careless in his class.(改为同义句)?
The boy is ______ ______than _________boy in his class.?
4.He didn't watch TV，his mother didn't either.(改为同义句)?
_________he ______his mother watched TV.?
5.I spent the whole afternoon learning English.(同上)?
I spent ___ ____ ________learning English.?
What aWhat'slikemore carelessany otherNeithernorall the afternoon See you next time!简单句与并列句练习
简单句练习
1、 划出下列各句中主语的中心词
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.
② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
2、 划出句中谓语的中心词
① I don't like the picture on the wall.
② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.
③ Do you usually go to school by bus?
④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?
⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.
⑦ What I want to tell you is this.
⑧ We had better send for a doctor.
⑨ He is interested in music.
⑩ Whom did you give my book to?
3、 划出下列各句中的宾语
① My brother hasn't done his homework.
② People all over the world speak English.
③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.
④ How many new words did you learn last class?
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?
⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.
⑦ They made him monitor of the class.
⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.
⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.
⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.
4、 划出下列各句中的表语
① The old man was feeling very tired.
② Why is he worried about Jim?
③ The leaves have turned yellow.
④ Soon They all became interested in the subject.
⑤ She was the first to learn about it.
5、 划出下列各句中的定语
① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.
② What is your given name?
③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.
④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.
⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!
6、 挑出下列各句中的宾语补足语
① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.
② He asked her to take the boy out of school.
③ She found it difficult to do the work.
④ They call me Lily sometimes.
⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus.
⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?
7、 挑出下列各句中的状语
① There was a big smile on her face.
② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.
③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.
④ The man on the motorbike was traveling too fast.
⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.
⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.
⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.
8、 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语
① Please tell us a story.
② My father bought a new bike for me last week.
③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.
④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.
⑤ Did he leave any message for me?
并列句练习
I.用适当的并列连词填空：
1、I help him ______ he helps me.
2、The story was simple ______ very interesting.
3、There was no bus,______ we had to walk home.
4、Hurry up,_____ you will be late for school.
5、It’s very hot,______ we’ll go swimming soon.
6、Both of us are Chinese ______ they are all Japanese.
II.单项填空。
( )1．Edison never gave up, ______ he failed many times.(2004四川)
A．and B．though C．or
( )2．I am poor ______I always enjoy myself. （2004绵阳）
A. but B. and C. or D. so
( )3. It's getting dark, ______ they're still working.（2004黑龙江）
A. and B. but C. so D. or
( )4. The video film wasn’t interesting at all, _____ the little boy still watched it carefully.（2005南通）
A. but B. so C. then D. and
( )5. It’s raining heavily the farmers keep on working in the field.（2005济南）
A. but B. though C. till D. because
( )6. The boy wanted to be an engineer when he was a child, _____later he became a doctor.（2005河南）
A. and B. so C. or D. but
( )7. When you”re learning English, use it, _________ you”ll lose it. (2005 北京海淀)
A. but B. or C. then D. and
( )8. ---Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
----I'd like to ____ I'm too busy.
A. and B. so C. as D. but?
( )9. We are going to the supermarket in Tom's car. You can come with us ______ we can meet there later.
A. but B. and C. or D. then
( )10. Many people like to travel by air, ______ Jim's family think that traveling by train is the best.
A. or B. and C. but D. if
( )11. Stop cutting the trees, __ the earth will become worse and worse.
A. and B. then C. but D. or
( )12. You will be late for school __ you don't hurry.
A. if B. whether C. or D. so
( )13. She didn't understand it. __ she asked me for help.
A. However B. But C. When D. So
( )14. It used to be called “The Land of Fire” __ it is so hot in summer.
A. so B. and C. because D. but
( )15. Please come __ have dinner with us.
A. or B. but C. and D. so
( )16. The nurse doesn't feel well, __ she still works very hard.
A. but B. and C. or D. then
( )17. Work hard, __ you'll do well in your lessons.
A. and B. or C. but D. so
( )18. —I won't go to the party tomorrow.
—______you told me you would, What's happening?
A. But B. So C. And D. Or
( )19.He is listening to the music ____ he is washing clothes.
A．after B.before C．that D．while?
( )20. Forests help to keep water from running away, __ drought does not often happen.
A. and B. but C. so D. though
( )21. Uncle Wang was very tired, __ he was still working hard.
A. or B. and C. but D. if
( )22. You must get here on time. __ we will leave without you.
A. But B. And C. For D. Or
( )23. Mike did something wrong, __ the headmaster is talking with him.
A. so B. but C. because D. or
( )24. Call a taxi, __ you will be late for the train.
A. and B. or C. for D. because
( )25.Bill bought two pens ______ neither of them is good.
A. and B. but C. so D. or
Ⅲ.改错
1．I like fish so my brother doesn't like it.
2．Mr Zhang felt a little tired, and he still went on working .
3．Go along the road, though you'll find the market at the end of it
4．----Have you got any brothers and sisters?
---- I have a sister.
5．Neither Saturday or Sunday is OK. I will be free in these two days.
6．Mr. Zhang felt very tired, but he needed a good rest.
Ⅳ.根据中文，完成英语句子。
三年前他参军，不久就成了一名军官。
He ______ the army three years ______ ______ soon he became an ______.
对不起，你可以告诉我去学校怎么走吗？
I’m sorry ,______ can you ______ me the way to the school?
这老人不但给我们出了许多主意，而且还帮助我们干活。
The old man ______ ______ gave us a lot of advice, ______ ______ helped us to do the job.
他没有做，也没有试一试。
He does not do it, ______ ______ he try.
我们一直在外面玩到日落，这时天开始下雨了。
We played outside ______ sunset , ______ it began to rain.
这个孩子只有十岁，但他能自己洗衣服了。
The child is only ten, ______ he can ______ ______ ______ himself.
努力学习，你会赶上其他人的。
Work hard, ______ you will ______ ______ ______ others.
她喜欢运动，而我喜欢音乐。
He likes ______, ______I like music.
参考答案
I. 1.and 2.but 3.so 4.or 5.so 6.and
II. 1-5 BABAA 6-10 DBDCC 11-15 DADCC 16-20 AAADC 21-25 CDABB
Ⅲ. 1. so 改为 but 2.and改为but 3.though改为and
4.and改为or 5.Neither改为Either 6.but改为so
Ⅳ. 1. joined, ago, and, officer 2.but,show 3.not,only,but,also
4.nor,does 5.till,when 6.but,do,some,washing 7.and,catch,up,with
