2011届中考英语同义句转换专题复习1

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同义句转
总所周知，语言是思想、情感交流的载体。相同的意思有时可以用不同的方式表达。了解并学会多种表达法，能更好地适应交际的需要。同义句转换也是中考常考题型。此类题型考生失分较大。现归纳以下解题方法与思路。
一、运用同义词或同义词组
e.g. 1. I got a letter from my brother last weekend.
= I heard from my brother last weekend.
2.His little sister could dress herself when she was three years old.
= His little sister was able to dress herself at the age of three.
这类题目首先要注意比较上下两句，找出需要改动的地方，运用同义词或同义词组进行转换。还要注意把握两句的时态、数的单复和主谓一致等。
Exercises:
1.A.The children are having a good time in the park now.
B. The children are__________ ____________ in the park _________ _________ ___________.
2.A.He spent thirty minutes in finishing his homework. My God.
B._____ _________ him ________ _________ _________ ________ finish his homework.
3.A.Very soon the baby started crying.
B. In ________ ___________ the baby _________ ________ cry.
4.A.What do you think of the movie you saw last week
B.___________ do you __________ the movie you saw last week
5.A.There is only an old chair in the room.
B. There’s _________ __________ an old chair in the room.
6.A.What’s the matter with you, young man
B. What’s _________ with you, young man
7.A.Did you have any problems in working out the math problem
B. Did you have ______________ in _____________ the math problem
8.A.He’ll come to my birthday soon after he finishes his project.
B. He’ll come to my birthday __________ __________ ________ his project is finished.
二、运用反义词或反义词组
e.g. 1.She failed the English exam last time.
= She didn’t pass the English exam last time.
2.His house is near the school.
= His house isn’t far from the school.
= His house is close to the school.
这类题目可以否定句中的动词或形容词，是两句意思相符。仍然要注意动词时态一致。
Exercise:
9.A.I don’t think the pig is beautiful.
B._______ ________ ___________, the pig is __________.
10..A.All of the questions are easy.
B.____________ __________ the questions is _________________.
11..A.They didn’t find anything under the desk..
B. They _____________ ____________ under the desk.
三、动词短语转换成介词短语
e.g. 1.Yesterday Mr. King went to New York by air.
= Mr. King flew to New York yesterday.
此类题目关键就是使用恰当的介词短语，还要注意动词时态一致。
Exercises:
12..A. Helen always goes to school on foot.
B. Helen always ____________ __________school.
13.A.Tom used a brush to clean his shoes.
B. Tom ________ his shoes ____________ a brush.
14.A. Manuel usually goes to work by subway, sometimes he rides his motorcycle.
B. Manuel usually ________the subway to work, but at times he goes to work ______ motorbike.
四、单句转换成复句，或者复句转换成单句
e.g. 1.She found him a very clever student.
= She found that he was a pretty clever student.
2.The gate is quite wide. Two cars can go through it at the same time.
= The gate is so wide that two cars can go through it together.
此类题目需要熟悉一些重要的句型和短语。例如：too… to …; so …that…; not… until…等。还要注意了解相关转换类型，如：without短语与if/ unless条件状语从句的转换；enough to …与so …that …的转换；too…to…,not…enough to…, so…that …not…的相互转换等。
Exercises:
15.A.Mrs Green doesn’t like traveling by plane at all, I think.
B.I ____________ think Mrs. Green ___________ traveling a lot.
16.A.The boy is too young to go to school.
B. The boy is __________ young ________ he __________ do to school.
C. The boy isn’t _______ ____________ _________ go to school.
17.A.Fish can’t live if there’s no water.
B. Fish can’t live ___________ _________ water.
C. Fish can’t live __________ there _______ water.
18.A.He seemed tired last night.
B._________ __________ that _______ was tired last night.
19.A.The book is so difficult that none of us ca read it.
B.The book is ________ difficult _________ us ________ read.
C The book _________ ________ ________ for us to read.
20.A.I can’t finish the work on time if you don’t help me.
B.I can’t finish the work on time ___________ __________ ___________.
C.I can’t finish the work on time _________ you ________ me ______ ___________.
21.A.I think it easy to work out the physic problem.
B.I think I _______ work out the physic problem _____________ .
C.________ easy ________ me _______ work out the physic problem.
五、同一单词的不同词性相互转换
e.g. .He promised to help us.
= He made a promise to help us.
此类题目要求学生在记单词的时候要理解它们的词性。功在平时，博闻强识。
Exercise：
22.A.Jim didn’t come to school because he was ill.
B. Jim didn’t come to school ___________ _________ his ____________.
23A.Mike decided to try to learn English well.
B Mike ___________ a __________ to try to learn English well.
24.A.Let’s discuss it together, OK
B.__________ you please ___________ a ____________ with us
25.A.He is a successful actor.
B. He _____________ in __________.
26.A. What he said surprised us.
B. We __________ ____________ _________ his words.
27.A. The story interested them a lot.
B. The story ____________ them very _____________ .
六、并列复合连词连接或改写原句
e.g. .Maria has been to Shanghai, so has Kate.
= Both Maria and Kate have been to Shanghai.
此类题目特别要注意时态的一致，主语和谓语在数上的一致。还要对象一些短语比较熟悉，例如：either…or…, both…and…., neither… nor…; not only… but also…。还有一些句型，例如：So + 动词+主语； …, too.等。
Exercises:
28.A.She can’t answer the question, neither can I.
B._____________ she ____________ I _________ answer the question.
C._____________ __________ us _________ answer the question.
D. She can’t answer the question, and I can’t, _____________.
29.A.Grace went to bed after she finished doing her homework.
B. Grace ____________ _________ to bed ___________ she finished her homework.
30.A. Lucy went to the cinema, John went to the cinema, too.
B. _________ _________ Lucy __________ __________ John went to the cinema.
31.A. You can go there by ship or you may go there by plane.
B. You may go there _________ by ship __________ by plane.
32.A. In the place one can’t stand up and one can’t lie down either.
B. In the place one __________ ___________ stand up ____________ lie down.
七、主动语态与被动语态的转换
e.g. Father made his children work hard every day.
= The children were made to work hard every day.
此类题目要注意时态的一致，主语和谓语在数上的一致，短语的完整性。特别注意有些主动语态中生的省to 不定时改为被动语态后要还原不定时符号to.
Exercises：
33.A. The student were asked to finished their homework in class by the teacher.
B. The teacher __________ __________ ________ finish their homework in class.
34.A. We must look after old people well.
B. Old people ___________ _________ __________ ________ well.
35.A. People built this bridge 1500 years ago.
B. This bridge _________ ___________ 1500 years ago.
36.A. People grow rice in southern China.
B. Rice _______ ___________ in southern China.
37.A. A large number of people speak English in the world.
B. English __________ ____________ ________ many people in the world.
八、动作动词与状态动词的相互转换
e.g. I borrowed this book from the school library three weeks ago.
= I have kept this library book for three weeks.
此类题目既要要求对一些动作动词（常是瞬间动词）相关的状态动词（常是非延续动词）很熟悉，还要注意时态的变化，通常是一般现在时变为现在完成时。特别注意瞬间动词不能与表示一段的时间状语联用；有些句子在变化时主语要作一定的调整。
Exercises:
38.A. The young man has been in the army for four years.
B. The young man ___________ the army four years _________.
C. __________ two years ___________ the young man ________ the army .
39.A. His uncle bought the new house two and a half years ago.
B. His uncle ___________ __________ the new house for ________ ________ and ______ _________.
40.A. It’s about ten minutes since he left the room.
B. He ________ the room ten minutes __________.
C. He ________ __________ ___________ ___________ the room for about ten minutes.
41.A. I closed the window two minutes ago.
B. The window __________ ___________ ____________ for two minutes.
42.A. He became an English teacher 15 years ago.
B. He ________ ____________ an English __________ 15 years ago.
C. He __________ __________ English for 15 years.
D. It ________ ____________ 15 years ____________ he started teaching English 15 years ago.
九、宾语从句与动词不定式之间的转换
e.g. Please tell me how I can get to the nearest post office.
= Could you tell me how to get to the nearest post office
此类题目要求学生明白疑问词与动词不定时连用的含义，构成不定时结构如：
how to…,when to…, what to…, where to…等。还要注意一些含动词不定式的短语，
如：ask sb.(not) to do sth., tell sb. (not) to do sth.等。
Exercises:
43.A. Our teacher told him that he shouldn’t be late the next time.
B. Our teacher told him __________ __________ _________ late the next time.
44A. They are thinking of what they should do next.
B. They are thinking of ___________ ________ ____________ next.
45.A. Can you let me know when they will start
B. Could you please tell me __________ __________ ___________
46A. They piled the snow in one place so that they could make a snowman.
B. They piled the snow in one place _________ __________ _______ make a snowman.
十、直接引语和间接引语间的转换
e.g. 1.“Listen carefully, Jack.” Said the Math teacher.
= The math teacher ___________ Jack __________ __________ carefully.
2. “What does your feather do ” Mrs. Yang asked .
= Mrs. Yang asked him ___________ _________ father ___________.
此类题目要注意陈述语序和疑问语序间的转换、时态的变化、人称代词的变化、物主代词的变化，以及一些时间、地点甚至指示代词的变化。
Exercises:
47.A. “Don’t look out of the window, Lin Xiang.” Mr. Wu said angrily.
B. Mr. Wu __________ Lin Xiang ___________ __________ look out of the window.
48.A. “ What are you doing here in the classroom ” he asked.
B. He asked me ___________ _________ __________ _________ __________ in the classroom.
49.A. “The sun is much bigger than the earth.” Mother told me .
B. Mother told me ________ the sun ___________ much bigger than the earth.
50.A. “What are you doing now father asked.
B. Father asked her what ________ _________ _________ _________.
51. A. “Do you like English best ” our Chinese teacher asked.
B. Our Chinese teacher asks Julie _________ ________ _________ English best.
十一、含形容词的短语和含副词的短语间的转换
e.g. The rain was heavy last night.
= It rained heavily last night.
此类题目关键就是理解句子含义，灵活地运用相关的不同词性的词或短语。
Exercises:
52. A. Bruce has breakfast quickly and then goes to school.
B. Bruce has _________ ___________ breakfast and then he goes to school.
53.A. The wind is very strong outside.
B. It is ______________ _______________ outside.
54.A. The problems are easy for him to work out.
B. He can work out the problems ___________.
十二、陈述句与感叹句及两种形式感叹句间的转换
e.g. The boy drew a very beautiful flower.
= How beautiful a flower the boy drew1
= What a beautiful flower the boy drew!
此类题目要求学生能够完全掌握what和how引导的感叹句的构成，并能灵活运用。
Exercises:
55.A. What a strong wind it is!
B. ____________ ___________ the wind ________ _____________!
56.A. How interesting the English lesson is!
B. _____________ -__________ interesting English lesson it is!
57.A. She is quite a clever girl.
B. _________ ___________ the girl is!
C. __________ -_______ __________ girl she is!
十三、形容词、副词三种等级之间的转换
e.g. Henry is taller than the other students in our class.
= Henry is the tallest student in our class.
此类题目需要学生能够熟悉形容词、副词的构成规律，能够灵活运用一些有关形容词和副词比较等级的句型结构，如：（1）more and more…,（2） the +比较级+of the two …; （3）The +比较级…, the +(另一词)比较级…。 特别要清楚表示最高级范围的结构，如：（1）in+组织/单位，（2）of +与主语同类别的人或物。表示排除主语的结构，如：（10）the other +名词复数；（2）any other +名词单数。表示相同性质比较的结构，as+形容词/副词（原级）+as; not as/so …as….。解题时注意交换句子主语，用反义词进行改写；或者用比较级表示最高级含义。
Exercises:
58.A. He is the best at English of all the students in his class.
B. _____________ ___________ is___________ at English than he.
59.A. Joe is shorter than any other student in his class.
B. Joe is __________ ____________ ____________ all the students in the class.
C. ______________ else is taller than Joe in the class.
D. _____________ else is _______ short _________ Joe in the class.
60.A. Tiger Woods plays golf best of all the three golfers.
B. Tiger Woods plays golf ________ ___________ __________ ________ ________ golfers.
61.A. The sun is much bigger than the earth.
B. The earth is much __________ than the sun.
62.A. Light travels faster than sound.
B. Sound travels __________ ___________ than light.
C. Sound __________ travel _________ __________ _________ light.
63.A. English is more popular than French.
B. French is ___________ __________ than English
64.A. The Changjiang River is the longest of all the rivers in China.
B. The Changjinag River is _________ than ___________ _________ river in China.
65.This story isn’t as interesting as that one.
B. This story is __________ interesting than that one.
C. That story is __________ interesting than this story.
十四、“祈使句+and/or …”结构与if 条件状语从句间的转换
e.g. If you run a little faster, you’ll catch up with your classmates.
= Run faster, and you’ll catch up with your classmates.
此类题目要注意句子的肯定与否定，正确使用and 和or。
Exercises:
66.A. Hurry up, or you’ll be late for school.
B. _______ you _________ hurry up, you won’t get to school ________ _________.
67.A. Be more careful, and you can get better grades next time.
B. _______ you _________ more careful, you can get better grades next time.
十五、形式主语/宾语it和不定式主语/宾语及从句、动名词间的转换
e.g. Talking to you is nice.
= It’s nice talking to you.
Exercises:
68.A. To learn English well is not easy.
B. _________ _________ easy _________ learn English well.
69.A. That he didn’t come worries us all.
B. _______ worries all of us _________ he didn’t come
十六、其它形式
e.g. What’s wrong with your mother
= What’s the matter with your mother
Exercises:
70.A. What subject do you like best
B. ___________ your ____________ subject
71.A. What does his uncle do
B. ___________ his uncle
C. What’s his ____________ ____________
72.A. Cab I help you
B. ________ can I ________ __________ you
73.A. How many people are there in the country
B. ______________ the ______________ of the country
74.A. What the meaning of this word、
B. What does this word ___________
75.A. Ted has so much money that he can buy a very big house.
B. Ted ________ _________ ________ _______ buy a very big house.
C. Ted _______ _________ ________ buy a big house.
当然，这里只是对同义句转换题作一个方法上的讨论，以期起到“抛砖引玉”的作用。要真正能够做对这类题型，还要同学们在平时下苦功夫，多研究，多总结，多记忆。
附答案：
1.having, fun/ enjoying, themselves; at, the ,moment 2.It ,took, half, an ,hour ,to;
3.no time, began/started ,to; 4.How ,like; 5.nothing, but 6.wrong;
7.difficulty, solving; 8.as soon ,as ;9.In, my, opinion, ugly; 10.None, of ,difficult; 11.found, nothing ; 12.walks, to 13.cleaned ,with; 14.takes, by; 15.don’t, likes; 16.so, that, can’t; old ,enough ,to; 17.without ,any; 18.It ,seemed, he;
19.too ,for ,to, isn’t, easy, enough; 20.without, your, help, unless, give, a, hand;
21.can, easily, It’s, for, to; 22.because, of, illness; 23.made, decision;
24.Could, have, discussion; 25.succeeds, acting; 26.were, surprised, at;
27.made, interested; 28.Neither, nor, can, Neither, of, can; either;
29.didn’t, go, until/before; 30.Not, only, but, also; 31.either, or; 32.can, neither, nor; 33.asked, them, to; 34.must, be, looked, after; 35.was, built; 36.is, grown; 37.is, spoken; 38.joined, ago; It’s, since, joined; 39.has, had, two, years, a, half;
40.left, ago, has, been, away, from; 41.has, been, closed; 42.has, been, since; has, taught;
has, been, since; 43.not, to, be; 44.what, to, do; 45.when, to, start;
46.in, order, to/ so, as, to; 47.asked, not, to; 48.what, I, was, doing, there; 49.that, is; 50.she, was, doing, then; 51.if/wether, she, likes; 52.a, quick; 53.blowing, strongly; 54.easily; 55.How, strongly, is, blowing; 56.What, an, 57.How, clever; What, a, clever; 58.Nobody, else, better 59.the, shortest, of; Everyone/Everybody, Nobody, as/so, as; 60.better, than, the, other, two; 61.smaller; 62.more, slowly; doesn’t, as/so, fast, as;
63.less, popular; 64.longer, any, other; 65.less; more; 66.If, don’t, on, time; 67.If, are, 68.It, isn’t/ It’s, not, to; 69.It, that; 70.What’s, favorite; 71.What’s, uncle’s, job; 72.What, do, for; 73.What’s population; 74.mean; 75.is, rich, enough, to; can, afford, to
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