必修一 Unit 4 Earthquakes
Reading
教学重点
1. Get the students to know basic knowledge about natural disasters.
2. Get the students to learn about Tangshan Earthquake.
3. Get the students to learn different reading skills.
教学难点
Develop the students’ reading ability.
教学方法
1. Task-based teaching and learning
2. Cooperative learning
3. Discussion
教具准备
The multimedia and other normal teaching tools
三维目标
Knowledge aims:
1. Get the students to learn the following useful new words and expressions in this passage: shake well (n. ) rise crack smelly pond pipe burst canal steam dirt ruin injure destroy brick dam useless steel shock quake rescue electricity disaster army organize bury coal mine shelter fresh right away at an end lie in ruins be trapped under sth. a (great)number of
2. Get the students to know basic knowledge about natural disasters.
Ability aims:
1. Develop the students reading ability and let them learn different reading skills.
2. Train the students’ ability to collect useful information from the Internet by themselves.
Emotional aim:
1. Get the students know damages earthquakes bring about and the ways to reduce losses of earthquakes.
2. Get the students to know how to protect oneself and help others in earthquakes.
3. Get the students to be aware of terrible disasters, meanwhile get them to face it, treat it in a proper way, and never get discouraged.
教学过程
设计方案（一）
→Step 1 Lead-in
Show the students some pictures about natural disasters and ask them:
1. Have you ever experienced any natural disaster? Look at the pictures. Can you name all the disasters?
(volcano, fire, typhoon, flood, sandstorm, hailstone, thunderstorm, hurricane, earthquake)
2. Have you ever experienced an earthquake? Can you describe how terrible an earthquake is?
地震的破坏
(The earth is shaking; all the buildings will fall down; the roads will be destroyed; many people will be killed or injured; a lot of children will become orphans. . . )
→Step 2 Warming up
Turn to Page 25. Ask the students to read and look at the photos of Tangshan and San Francisco to describe what they see in the two photos to a partner.
(beautiful cities; broad roads; tall building; large population. . . )
Imagine there has been a big earthquake in these two cities, what might happen to all the things in the photos?
(If a big earthquake happened, the whole cities might be in ruins. Large quantities of tall buildings might collapse. The broad and busy roads might be destroyed. Many people might be killed or injured. . . )
→Step 3 Pre-reading
1. Imaging and sharing
Imagine there is an earthquake now. Your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Is it money, water, fruits, mobile phones, a torch light, or anything else? Why?
2. Talking and sharing
What do you think may happen before an earthquake? Talk about the pictures on Page 25.
(Cows, pigs and dogs become too nervous to eat. Mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide. Fish jump out of ponds. The water in the well will rise and fall. The well walls will have deep cracks in them. There will be bright light in the sky. . . )
→Step 4 Reading
Tell the students:Today, we are going to read a news report about the strongest earthquake in China’s history, which happened in Tangshan, Hebei, in 1976.
1. Fast reading
Ask the students to read the passage quickly and pay attention to the first sentence of each paragraph.
1)Answer the questions.
Question 1:In what order was the passage written?
Question 2:What is the general idea of the passage?
(The text is written in time order. The general idea is the mixture of the first sentences of each paragraph, that is, the text tells us something that happened before the earthquake, during the earthquake and after the earthquake. )
2)Fill in the table.
Type of writing
Topic sentence of Paragraph 1
Topic sentence of Paragraph 2
Topic sentence of Paragraph 3
Topic sentence of Paragraph 4
General idea of the passage
Suggested answers:
Type of writing
This is a news report.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 1
Strange things were happening in the countryside in northeast Hebei.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 2
Everything began to shake and it seemed that the world was at an end.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 3
Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.
Topic sentence of Paragraph 4
All hope was not lost.
General idea of the passage
The passage tells us something that happened before the earthquake, during the earthquake and after the earthquake.
3)True or False?
Ask the students to decide whether the following statements are true or false. If it is false, try to correct it.
(1)People in Tangshan were warned of the earthquake and didn’t go to bed that night.
(2)People in Beijing also felt the earthquake.
(3)More than 400 000 people were killed in the quake.
(4)Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock.
(5)People tried to get fresh water from under the ground in Tangshan.
Suggested answers:
(1)F People in Tangshan thought little of the signs of the earthquake and went to bed as usual that night.
(2)T
(3)F More than 400 000 people were killed or injured in the quake.
(4)T
(5)F Fresh water was taken to the city Tangshan by train, truck and plane.
2. Reading carefully
Ask the students to read the passage carefully to locate particular information.
1)Do the exercises in the part Comprehending on Page 27.
2)Fill in the following form.
Time
What happened
Result
Before the earthquake:?
three days before the earthquake?
at about 3 am on July 28
Wells:?
Animals:?
Lights and sound:?
Water pipes:
People of the city thought______________ and______________
While the earthquake:?
At 3:42 am?
Later that afternoon
Houses, roads and canals:?
Hard hills of rock:?
The large city:?
The people:?
Some rescue workers and doctors:?
More buildings:?
Water, food and electricity:
______________ was destroyed.______________ hospitals, 75% of______________ and 90% of______________ were gone. More than______________ were killed or injured.
After the earthquake
All hope:?
The army:?
Workers:?
Fresh water:
The city______________.
3)Choose the best answer:
(1)What is the mood of this passage?
A. Sad. B. Serious. C. Serious and a bit sad. D. Calm.
(2)What can be inferred from the passage?
A. If mice run out of the fields looking for places to hide, there must be an earthquake.
B. If some natural signs had not been ignored, all the people in Tangshan city might have had a chance to survive.
C. There wouldn’t have been such a great earthquake, if people had paid enough attention to some natural signs.
D. If some natural signs had not been ignored, more people might have had a chance to survive.
(3)Which of the following statements can not be part of the main reasons for the heavy loss of life in Tangshan earthquake?
A. The earthquake happened in the deep night and people were sleeping in bed at the very movement.
B. There weren’t enough rescue workers.
C. The buildings were poorly constructed and most of them were destroyed in the earthquake.
D. People were not careful enough to notice some natural signs before the earthquake.
(4)How do you understand the real meaning of the idiom “It is always calm before a storm”?
A. It is unusually quiet before a thunderstorm or hurricane hit.
B. One should not trust situations that seem peaceful since bad things may happen.
C. The weather is fine before a storm comes.
D. You should stay calm before a storm.
Suggested answers:
(1)C (2)D (3)B (4)B
3. Language problems
While checking the answers with the whole class, deal with any language problems that the students can’t understand.
4. Reading aloud
Play the tape of the passage for the students to listen and follow. Then play the tape of Paragraph 1 of the passage once more; this time the students listen and repeat.
→Step 4 Game
Work in pairs. Suppose you are a newspaper reporter, and the other is a witness of the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake. Now the newspaper reporter is interviewing the witness.
→Step 5 Extension
Show the questions on the screen and have a discussion.
1. From whose point of view are events described? How do you know?
2. What is the mood of this passage? How is it created?
3. Why do you think the writer chooses to express his feelings about the quake rather than simply report what had happened?
4. Why does the writer use A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP as the title?
5. What does the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again” mean?
Suggested answers:
1. A writer’s who didn’t see the earthquake. He uses the third-person to describe the quake. His description is very objective. For example, in the second sentence of the third paragraph “Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. ”, the writer uses “they” instead of “we”.
2. The mood is serious and a bit sad. It is created by giving details of how many people and animals were killed or injured and how many buildings were destroyed.
3. Although the writer was not there, he felt sad for the people of Tangshan. He knows that giving some personal feelings will make the reading more interesting.
4. I think the reason is that, as usual, night is the time to sleep, and night should be safe and quiet. But that night everything changed. The writer uses A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDN’T SLEEP as a title to show how terrible and how unusual that night was.
5. Here we can see that the writer compared the city to a person who suffered a lot in the disaster. He felt her pain, and he worried about her. So when he said that people came to help her, we can feel his feelings to her. The city will not die, she has hope and she can recover from the pain.
→Step 6 Consolidation
Ask the students to read the passage again and try to retell it.
One possible version:
Strange things happened in Tangshan. For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell. The well walls had deep cracks and a smelly gas came out the cracks. The chickens, pigs and mice were too nervous. Fish jumped out of bowls and ponds. At 3:00 am on July, 1976, people saw bright lights in the sky and heard the sound of planes even when no planes were in the sky. The water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
At 3:42 am everything began to shake. It seemed that the world was at the end! One-third of the nation felt it. A huge crack cut across the city. In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins. Two-thirds of the people died or were injured. Nearly everything was destroyed in the city. 75% of its factories and 90% of its homes were gone. Then later that afternoon, another big earthquake shook Tangshan. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last.
All hope was not lost. The army sent 150 000 soldiers to help them. Workers built shelters for survivors. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
→Step 7 Homework
1. Learn the new words and expressions in this part by heart.
2. Read the text again and again and write a summary of the text.
课件38张PPT。人教版 必修一21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)全国领先的中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台Unit 4 EarthquakesPeriod 1 ReadingNatural DisastershurricaneflooddroughtTyphoon1、Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why?I want to take …money, books, food, water, clothes… Because …watermoneyidentity cardfoodbooksclothescomputermappictures of familymobile phoneradioWhat will you take? Why?2、What strange things would happen
before an earthquake? The water in the wells
____and____. And some
deep ______could be seen
in the well walls. A ______
gas came out the cracks.ArosefellcrackssmellyWhat do you think may happen
before an earthquake?BMice ran out of the
fields___________
places to hide.
Fish _________out
of bows and ponds.looking forjumpedWhat do you think may happen
before an earthquake?C The chickens and
even pigs were______
nervous _____eat.
tootoDWhat do you think may happen
before an earthquake?People could see _______ lights in the sky.brightFast reading What does the passage mainly talk about?An earthquake happened
in Tangshan in 1976Reading-I----fast reading Find out the topic sentence of each paragraph and try to divide the passage into three parts.（divide…into…把…划分为几份）
Have you found them?Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. beginningEverything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end. beginningEverywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. beginningbeginning All hope was not lost. Structure of the news report :Clue ( 线索 ) of the story: Before~during~afterthe earthquakeTime orderDivide this passage into three parts choose one word to describe each partPart 1: para 1Part 2: para 2&3Part 3: para 4 damagesignsrescueRead the passage
carefully and find
more information
about it.Careful readingRead the passage carefully
and find more information about it. For three days smelly gas
came out offish: jumpPara.1well water rose and fallcracks chickens, pigs:
too nervous
to eatmice:
run out
to hideIn the wellIn the farmyardAt about 3:00 am on July 28, 1976the sound of planes could
be heardwater pipes:
cracked and burstbright light
were in the skyIn the skyIn the cityDuring the earthquake(damage) Part 2House, roads
and canalsSteamHills of rockThe large cityhad a huge crackburst from hole in the ground.became rivers of dirtlay in ruinsPara.2At 3:42 am
Later that afternoonThen later that afternoon, another big quake
s______ Tang Shan, which were
t_______ many r______ workers and doctors.
People began to wonder how long the d______
would l_____. hookrappedescueisasterastPara.3 Fill in the blanks. The buildings fell down(倒下) .Many things were destroyed, such as …bridgerailwayThe cracks(裂缝)
cut across(横断,截断 )the roads .roadA man was trapped in ruins ,waiting for help.People , injured ,buried in bricks.受伤的Soon after the quakesThe army:Workers:---sent soldiers to Tangshan. organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.---built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Para.4Result:The city began to breathe again.Tang shan’s new lookTang shan’s new look How do you understand the real meaning
of the idiom “It is always calm before a
storm”?
A. It is unusually quiet before a thunderstorm
or hurricane hit.
B. One should not trust situations that seem
peaceful since bad things may happen.
C. The weather is fine before a storm comes.
D. You should stay calm before a storm.Choose the best answer.A2. What can be inferred from the passage?
If the pigs were too nervous to eat, there
must be an earthquake.
B. If some natural signs had not been ignored,
all the people in Tangshan city might have
had a chance to survive.
C. There wouldn’t have been such a great
quake if people had paid enough attention
to some natural signs.
D. If some natural signs had not been ignored,
people might have had a chance to survive.D3. Which of the following is the main reason
for the heavy loss of life in the quake?
A. The earthquake happened in the deep night
when people were sleeping deeply.
B. There weren’t enough rescue workers.
C. The building were poorly constructed and
most of them were destroyed in the quake.
D. People were not careful enough to notice
some natural signs before the earthquake.AWhat shall we do if an earthquake happens?
How can we protect ourselves (自我保护)in an earthquake ? Hide under the hard furniture ( 家具 )Put out the fire and turn off
the gas Never try to use the lift/elevatorUse something hard (硬的) to protect your head Discuss in your team1 : Finish Exercise1-4 on page 28. 2 :1、他站在那儿好像一棵树。（as if）
2、我们班里三分之二是女生。
3、一些营救的工作人员被困在废墟下面，我们都很担心他们的安全。谢 谢！21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)全国领先的中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台有大把优质资料？一线名师？一线教研员？赶快加入21世纪教育网名师合作团队吧！！月薪过万不是梦！！
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