【湖南师大内部资料】高二英语课件：（牛津译林版）m5-u2 language points
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| 名称 | 【湖南师大内部资料】高二英语课件：（牛津译林版）m5-u2 language points |  | |
| 格式 | rar | ||
| 文件大小 | 123.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 牛津译林版 | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2011-04-03 15:14:00 | ||
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课件48张PPT。Language points (Reading)Module5 Unit 2 授课教师 刘淑英高二 英语1. open the floor for discussion (L8)the floor意为“发言权”
ask for the floor 要求发言权
get/ have the floor 得到发言权
take the floor 发言，参加讨论
I now invite the President to take the floor.
现在请总统讲话。
She held the floor for over an hour.
她发言占用了一个多小时。
In addition, there was a crop failure in many provinces.
in addition to 除了……之外(还有)
In addition to such subjects, the department also taught mathematics.
除教授这些学科外,这系还开设数学课程。2. in addition 此外 (L16)3. wiped out (L16)1） 消灭,摧毁
The whole village was wiped out by the tsunami.
整个村子被海啸摧毁。
The earthquake wiped out the town.
2） 擦掉，把……擦干净
Don’t forget to wipe out the sink when you’ve finished the dishes.
洗完碗碟后,不要忘记把洗碗池擦净。 3）wipe off 擦掉,把…从…上面擦干净
Wipe the drawing off the blackboard before the teacher sees it. 4. large numbers of (L16)许多,大量,后加复数名词,相当于
a large number of, a great / good many。
Large numbers of whales have been killed by these ships. 5. lay eggs (L17)lay eggs 下蛋，产卵
A turtle lays many eggs at a time.
海龟一次下许多蛋。
To kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.
杀鸡取卵;自绝财源。effect n. 意为“结果；影响” 。如：
The strike of the railway workers had a direct effect on us.
铁路工人物罢工对我们有直接的影响。
cause and effect 原因和结果
6. effect (L17)与effect相关的短语：
bring … to effect
= carry … into effect 实行计划等
come / go into effect 生效；(被) 实施。
The law came into effect on April 1.
那法律于四月一日起生效。
in effect实质上， 实际上；（规则等）有效力，被实施。
The law is still in effect.
那项法律依然有效。 take effect 显出效果；(法律) 产生效力。
The medicine soon took effects.
to no effect 毫无效果地，徒然。如：
We tried to persuade him to no effect.
我们设法说服他，却一点儿用也没有。
to the effect that… 大意是说：如：
I received a letter to the effect that he would help me.
7. Population (L20)population 人口
The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.
About 30 percent of the population in the village have been struck by the illness.
整个村庄约30%的人口受到这种病的侵袭。 注意：对population进行提问时，常用what 或 how large。
What / How large is the population of Japan?
此外，population还可当作复数用，意为“(某一地区的)全体居民”。
Most of the world’s population don’t get enough to eat.
世界上大多数人多吃不饱。8. grown to (L20)grow to “增加到”。类似的还有increase to, rise to, climb to 如：
The number of students at the college has grown to over 5,000.
这所学院的学生数已经增长到 5,000人。
The price has increased to an unbelievable number. grow by “净增了，以…比率增长”，类似的表达 increase by, rise by等。
那个国家今年的新车销售量增加了百分之二十。
Sales of new cars in that country grew by 20 percent this year. 9. My suggestion is that… (L22)1）表示“建议,要求,决定，命令，安排”等意义的名词如suggestion, advice, order, requirement, request等作主语时,其后表语从句中的谓语常由 “should + 动词原形”构成，should可省略。The advice that the teacher gave was that the students (should) go to bed early during exam time.
我们必须呆在这里,这是命令。
The orders are that we (should) stay here. 10. cut back on (L22)cut back on“削减,缩减”,相当于cut down on
Try to cut back on foods containing too much fat and sugar.
这项大工程完成以后,建筑商削减了工人的数量。
After the big job was finished, the builder cut back on the number of men working for him. cut across
cut away
cut in
cut off
cut down
cut up与cut相关的短语走捷径切除,剪掉插进来说,插嘴,干预切断,停掉削减,砍倒切碎11. beneficial adj. 有益的，受益的 (L24)be beneficial to … 对……有益
Sunshine is beneficial to plants.
阳光对植物有益。
benefit vt. 使……受益 vi.受益
n. 利益，好处
benefit from/ by 从……中受益
for the benefit of 为了……的好处
benefits 津贴，救济金A five-day week benefits more than individually and economically.
五天工作制不仅仅对国家经济和个人有好处。
You will benefit from her good example.
He was travelling for the benefit of his health.
为了身体健康，他出去旅游了。
I did it for his benefit.
我做这个是为了帮助他。这是一组形近易混词，都有“保存“之意。
1) conserve v.保护，保存；节约(水、能源等)，保持某人(或某个群体)的实力,精力,体力或保存某种自然资源.
We must conserve the woodlands for future generations.
In winter, some people conserve energy by lowing the heat at night.
冬天，为节约能源有些人在夜里把暖气调小。12. conserve, preserve, reserve2) preserve v.维护，保存(使免受破坏)
We have done our best to make repairs and preserve these historical sites.
我们已尽了最大努力修理和保护这些古迹。
The government preserves the rights of the individual person.
政府保护个人的权利不受侵犯。
preserve one’s calmness
preserve one's peace of mind 3) reserve v.预定，保留；把……留作
I’d like to reserve a table for two.
我想预定一张两人的餐桌。
Some seats on the bus are reserved for the old. 车上的一些座位是老人的专用座.
reserved adj. 矜持的，沉默寡言的
Ellen was a shy, reserved girl.
埃伦是个腼腆、矜持的姑娘。
all rights reserved版权所有，不得翻录1. I’ll phone up today and a room.
2. Few of his early works are .
3. Policemen order in the streets.
4. The team is its strength for the last match.
5. The question must be for further consideration.
6. In times of danger he always _________ his calmness.reservepreservedpreservedconservingreservedpreserves13. The world’s population has grown to
more than six times what it was in 1800. (L21) 目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到那时的六倍多。
英语“倍数”巧表达
英语中表达倍数常用once，twice，three times等。不论何种句型都包含它本身的基数在内，可译为“是……的……倍”，或“增加到……倍”。整数+ times +比较级+ than…
The box is five times bigger than that one.
Line AB is three times longer than line CD.
(2) 整数 + times + as + 原级 + as…
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
This table is three times as long as that one.(3) 整数 + times + as many (或 much)+名词+ as …”
He has got three times as many books as his sister.
(4) 整数 + times + more +名词 + than …
He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.
(5) 整数 + times + 名词(the size/ width of)
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.(6) 整数 + times + that of + 被比较对象
In this workshop the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.
(7) 整数 + times + what引到的从句
The price of the meat is twice what it was last year.
John offered me six times the money that she offered. =
John offered me six times what she offered.This ship measures ________ that one.
A. as twice as long
B. twice as long as
C. twice long as
D. as twice long asAmericans eat ________ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
A. more than twice
B. as twice as many
C. twice as many as
D. more than twice as manyPaper produced every year is _____ the world's production of vehicles. (1998 上海)
A. the three weight of
B. three times the weight of
C. as three times heavy as
D. three times as heavier asconcern (vt.) 与……有关；对……有影响；引起……的兴趣（关心）。如：
This letter does not concern you.
这封信与你无关。
The result concerns everybody.
这结果关系着每一个人。
The princess’ marriage concerns all the people in the country.
公主的结婚引起国内所有人的关心。13. …are very concerned about (L29)be concerned about/for/over 担心；挂念 如：
I was very concerned about his illness. 我很担心他的病。 He is much concerned for her safety. 他很挂念她的安全。
be concerned with 与……有关 如：
The story is concerned with fairies. 这个故事与小神仙有关。 In my opinion, the key to solving the
problem is to cooperate rather than
argue.
依我的观点,解决这个问题的办法就是
合作,而不是争吵。key“答案,解决办法”,后常跟介词to。如：14. the key to (L45)the key of C major C大调
She always writes in a high key.
她经常写格调很高的文章。Her very unhappy childhood is the key
to the way she behaves now.
她的不幸的童年是目前表现不端的症
结所在。此外，key还可意为 “(音乐)调; (声音、
文体、颜色等的)调子；(思想、演说等
的) 基调”。如： Take care while crossing the street.
=Take care while you cross the street.
Wandering through the street, I saw a
tailor’s shop.
=While I was wandering through the
street, I saw tailor’s shop. 15. asking around (L51)为现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句 when I ask
around。 如：ask around 四处打听
I will ask around and see if anyone
can help.
我要四处打听一下,看有没有人能够
帮忙。难句分析
1. With me is Mr Lin Shuiqing, from the Society for Environmental Preservation, and Mr Qian Liwei, an economist.(L5--6)
[分析]
1） 句子结构分析：本句为倒装句。主语是Mr Lin Shuiqing and Mr Qian Liwei，句首的with me作表语；2. There are many factories and industries which control the amount of pollution they produce, and are very careful to spend money …(L38—39)
[分析]
1） 句子结构分析：在这个句子中，which 引导一个定语从句修饰factories and industries；定语从句的谓语是两个动词短语control the amount和are very careful；而每个动词短语中又各自带有一个定语从句，即they produce修饰pollution，they cause修饰damage。通过分析可以看出，整个句子的意思为：有许多工厂和行业，他们一方面控制生产的污染量，另一方面花钱来修复他们所引起的损害。[拓展] 在there be句型中，除了可以使用系动词be以外，还可以使用其他一些动词，如there stands / appears / belongs / comes / exists / lives / lies / follows等。同时， there be中还可插入情态动词，如there ought to / has to / seems to be等。其反意疑问句的构成有：aren’t / isn’t there; don’t / doesn’t there等。如：There lived an old man named Wang Lin here in the past, didn’t there?3. What I’m here to say is that having worked side by side with many environmentalists , I know that a healthy environment and a stable economy should be possible at the same time. (L36)
[分析]
1） 句子结构分析：本句是一个多重复合句。What I’m here to say是主语从句；2） 语言知识分析：having done 为V-ing形式的完成式，表示它的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前。如：Having finished his homework, he went to play football with his friends. 高考链接
1. It is obvious that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment. (L29)
[考点] situation
[考例] The collapse of the World Trade Centre has put US economy in a difficult _____. (上海2003春)
A. occasion B. case
C. situation D. background[点拨] 选C。句意为：世贸中心的倒塌将美国经济置于非常艰难的境地（situation）。occasion场合，机会；case情形，情况，案例；background背景。4. What we need is more effective laws to preserve the environment, which still allow the economy to grow. (L47—48))
[考点] what引导的主语从句。[考例] After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.（上海2004）
where B. what
C. that D. how [点拨] 选B。在这个句子中，After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth是时间状语从句；后面的主句中，what our astronauts desire to do是主语从句，walk in space 是表语。因为系动词前面有实意动词do, 所以省略系动词后面的to。Homework1.Finish D1,D2.
2.Review the language points.
ask for the floor 要求发言权
get/ have the floor 得到发言权
take the floor 发言，参加讨论
I now invite the President to take the floor.
现在请总统讲话。
She held the floor for over an hour.
她发言占用了一个多小时。
In addition, there was a crop failure in many provinces.
in addition to 除了……之外(还有)
In addition to such subjects, the department also taught mathematics.
除教授这些学科外,这系还开设数学课程。2. in addition 此外 (L16)3. wiped out (L16)1） 消灭,摧毁
The whole village was wiped out by the tsunami.
整个村子被海啸摧毁。
The earthquake wiped out the town.
2） 擦掉，把……擦干净
Don’t forget to wipe out the sink when you’ve finished the dishes.
洗完碗碟后,不要忘记把洗碗池擦净。 3）wipe off 擦掉,把…从…上面擦干净
Wipe the drawing off the blackboard before the teacher sees it. 4. large numbers of (L16)许多,大量,后加复数名词,相当于
a large number of, a great / good many。
Large numbers of whales have been killed by these ships. 5. lay eggs (L17)lay eggs 下蛋，产卵
A turtle lays many eggs at a time.
海龟一次下许多蛋。
To kill the goose that lays the golden eggs.
杀鸡取卵;自绝财源。effect n. 意为“结果；影响” 。如：
The strike of the railway workers had a direct effect on us.
铁路工人物罢工对我们有直接的影响。
cause and effect 原因和结果
6. effect (L17)与effect相关的短语：
bring … to effect
= carry … into effect 实行计划等
come / go into effect 生效；(被) 实施。
The law came into effect on April 1.
那法律于四月一日起生效。
in effect实质上， 实际上；（规则等）有效力，被实施。
The law is still in effect.
那项法律依然有效。 take effect 显出效果；(法律) 产生效力。
The medicine soon took effects.
to no effect 毫无效果地，徒然。如：
We tried to persuade him to no effect.
我们设法说服他，却一点儿用也没有。
to the effect that… 大意是说：如：
I received a letter to the effect that he would help me.
7. Population (L20)population 人口
The population of China is much larger than that of Japan.
About 30 percent of the population in the village have been struck by the illness.
整个村庄约30%的人口受到这种病的侵袭。 注意：对population进行提问时，常用what 或 how large。
What / How large is the population of Japan?
此外，population还可当作复数用，意为“(某一地区的)全体居民”。
Most of the world’s population don’t get enough to eat.
世界上大多数人多吃不饱。8. grown to (L20)grow to “增加到”。类似的还有increase to, rise to, climb to 如：
The number of students at the college has grown to over 5,000.
这所学院的学生数已经增长到 5,000人。
The price has increased to an unbelievable number. grow by “净增了，以…比率增长”，类似的表达 increase by, rise by等。
那个国家今年的新车销售量增加了百分之二十。
Sales of new cars in that country grew by 20 percent this year. 9. My suggestion is that… (L22)1）表示“建议,要求,决定，命令，安排”等意义的名词如suggestion, advice, order, requirement, request等作主语时,其后表语从句中的谓语常由 “should + 动词原形”构成，should可省略。The advice that the teacher gave was that the students (should) go to bed early during exam time.
我们必须呆在这里,这是命令。
The orders are that we (should) stay here. 10. cut back on (L22)cut back on“削减,缩减”,相当于cut down on
Try to cut back on foods containing too much fat and sugar.
这项大工程完成以后,建筑商削减了工人的数量。
After the big job was finished, the builder cut back on the number of men working for him. cut across
cut away
cut in
cut off
cut down
cut up与cut相关的短语走捷径切除,剪掉插进来说,插嘴,干预切断,停掉削减,砍倒切碎11. beneficial adj. 有益的，受益的 (L24)be beneficial to … 对……有益
Sunshine is beneficial to plants.
阳光对植物有益。
benefit vt. 使……受益 vi.受益
n. 利益，好处
benefit from/ by 从……中受益
for the benefit of 为了……的好处
benefits 津贴，救济金A five-day week benefits more than individually and economically.
五天工作制不仅仅对国家经济和个人有好处。
You will benefit from her good example.
He was travelling for the benefit of his health.
为了身体健康，他出去旅游了。
I did it for his benefit.
我做这个是为了帮助他。这是一组形近易混词，都有“保存“之意。
1) conserve v.保护，保存；节约(水、能源等)，保持某人(或某个群体)的实力,精力,体力或保存某种自然资源.
We must conserve the woodlands for future generations.
In winter, some people conserve energy by lowing the heat at night.
冬天，为节约能源有些人在夜里把暖气调小。12. conserve, preserve, reserve2) preserve v.维护，保存(使免受破坏)
We have done our best to make repairs and preserve these historical sites.
我们已尽了最大努力修理和保护这些古迹。
The government preserves the rights of the individual person.
政府保护个人的权利不受侵犯。
preserve one’s calmness
preserve one's peace of mind 3) reserve v.预定，保留；把……留作
I’d like to reserve a table for two.
我想预定一张两人的餐桌。
Some seats on the bus are reserved for the old. 车上的一些座位是老人的专用座.
reserved adj. 矜持的，沉默寡言的
Ellen was a shy, reserved girl.
埃伦是个腼腆、矜持的姑娘。
all rights reserved版权所有，不得翻录1. I’ll phone up today and a room.
2. Few of his early works are .
3. Policemen order in the streets.
4. The team is its strength for the last match.
5. The question must be for further consideration.
6. In times of danger he always _________ his calmness.reservepreservedpreservedconservingreservedpreserves13. The world’s population has grown to
more than six times what it was in 1800. (L21) 目前的世界人口与1800年相比已经增长到那时的六倍多。
英语“倍数”巧表达
英语中表达倍数常用once，twice，three times等。不论何种句型都包含它本身的基数在内，可译为“是……的……倍”，或“增加到……倍”。整数+ times +比较级+ than…
The box is five times bigger than that one.
Line AB is three times longer than line CD.
(2) 整数 + times + as + 原级 + as…
Asia is four times as large as Europe.
This table is three times as long as that one.(3) 整数 + times + as many (或 much)+名词+ as …”
He has got three times as many books as his sister.
(4) 整数 + times + more +名词 + than …
He earns five times more money than he did ten years ago.
(5) 整数 + times + 名词(the size/ width of)
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.(6) 整数 + times + that of + 被比较对象
In this workshop the output of July was 3.5 times that of January.
(7) 整数 + times + what引到的从句
The price of the meat is twice what it was last year.
John offered me six times the money that she offered. =
John offered me six times what she offered.This ship measures ________ that one.
A. as twice as long
B. twice as long as
C. twice long as
D. as twice long asAmericans eat ________ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
A. more than twice
B. as twice as many
C. twice as many as
D. more than twice as manyPaper produced every year is _____ the world's production of vehicles. (1998 上海)
A. the three weight of
B. three times the weight of
C. as three times heavy as
D. three times as heavier asconcern (vt.) 与……有关；对……有影响；引起……的兴趣（关心）。如：
This letter does not concern you.
这封信与你无关。
The result concerns everybody.
这结果关系着每一个人。
The princess’ marriage concerns all the people in the country.
公主的结婚引起国内所有人的关心。13. …are very concerned about (L29)be concerned about/for/over 担心；挂念 如：
I was very concerned about his illness. 我很担心他的病。 He is much concerned for her safety. 他很挂念她的安全。
be concerned with 与……有关 如：
The story is concerned with fairies. 这个故事与小神仙有关。 In my opinion, the key to solving the
problem is to cooperate rather than
argue.
依我的观点,解决这个问题的办法就是
合作,而不是争吵。key“答案,解决办法”,后常跟介词to。如：14. the key to (L45)the key of C major C大调
She always writes in a high key.
她经常写格调很高的文章。Her very unhappy childhood is the key
to the way she behaves now.
她的不幸的童年是目前表现不端的症
结所在。此外，key还可意为 “(音乐)调; (声音、
文体、颜色等的)调子；(思想、演说等
的) 基调”。如： Take care while crossing the street.
=Take care while you cross the street.
Wandering through the street, I saw a
tailor’s shop.
=While I was wandering through the
street, I saw tailor’s shop. 15. asking around (L51)为现在分词短语作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句 when I ask
around。 如：ask around 四处打听
I will ask around and see if anyone
can help.
我要四处打听一下,看有没有人能够
帮忙。难句分析
1. With me is Mr Lin Shuiqing, from the Society for Environmental Preservation, and Mr Qian Liwei, an economist.(L5--6)
[分析]
1） 句子结构分析：本句为倒装句。主语是Mr Lin Shuiqing and Mr Qian Liwei，句首的with me作表语；2. There are many factories and industries which control the amount of pollution they produce, and are very careful to spend money …(L38—39)
[分析]
1） 句子结构分析：在这个句子中，which 引导一个定语从句修饰factories and industries；定语从句的谓语是两个动词短语control the amount和are very careful；而每个动词短语中又各自带有一个定语从句，即they produce修饰pollution，they cause修饰damage。通过分析可以看出，整个句子的意思为：有许多工厂和行业，他们一方面控制生产的污染量，另一方面花钱来修复他们所引起的损害。[拓展] 在there be句型中，除了可以使用系动词be以外，还可以使用其他一些动词，如there stands / appears / belongs / comes / exists / lives / lies / follows等。同时， there be中还可插入情态动词，如there ought to / has to / seems to be等。其反意疑问句的构成有：aren’t / isn’t there; don’t / doesn’t there等。如：There lived an old man named Wang Lin here in the past, didn’t there?3. What I’m here to say is that having worked side by side with many environmentalists , I know that a healthy environment and a stable economy should be possible at the same time. (L36)
[分析]
1） 句子结构分析：本句是一个多重复合句。What I’m here to say是主语从句；2） 语言知识分析：having done 为V-ing形式的完成式，表示它的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前。如：Having finished his homework, he went to play football with his friends. 高考链接
1. It is obvious that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment. (L29)
[考点] situation
[考例] The collapse of the World Trade Centre has put US economy in a difficult _____. (上海2003春)
A. occasion B. case
C. situation D. background[点拨] 选C。句意为：世贸中心的倒塌将美国经济置于非常艰难的境地（situation）。occasion场合，机会；case情形，情况，案例；background背景。4. What we need is more effective laws to preserve the environment, which still allow the economy to grow. (L47—48))
[考点] what引导的主语从句。[考例] After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.（上海2004）
where B. what
C. that D. how [点拨] 选B。在这个句子中，After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth是时间状语从句；后面的主句中，what our astronauts desire to do是主语从句，walk in space 是表语。因为系动词前面有实意动词do, 所以省略系动词后面的to。Homework1.Finish D1,D2.
2.Review the language points.