初中英语语法 反意疑问句

初中英语语法
反意疑问句
反意疑问句是由两部分组成的，前一部分是对事物的陈述（即陈述句），后一部分是简短的提问（即简短疑问句），中间用逗号隔开。如果前一部分用肯定句，后一部分就用否定疑问句；如果前一部分用否定句，后一部分就用肯定疑问句。两部分的人称和时态要一致。其回答是用
yes
或
no
来表示。
一、含be(is,
are,
was,
were)动词的反意疑问句，需用be的适当形式.
①
You
are
from
America,
aren't
you
Yes,
I
am.
No,
I'm
not.
②
The
Green
weren't
at
home
last
night,
were
they
Yes,
they
were.
No,
they
weren’t.
注意：1、陈述部分主、谓语是I
am...时，反意疑问句用aren't
I
或ain't
I
,而不是am
not
I
(可用am
I
not)。例如：　I'm
working
now,
aren’t
I
我在工作，是吗？
二、行为动词的一般现在时的反意疑问句,需用do/does的适当形式。

①
You
often
watch
TV
in
the
evening,
don't
you
Yes,
I
do.
No,
I
don't.
②The
first
class
begins
at
eight,
doesn't
it
Yes,
it
does.
No,
it
doesn't.
三、行为动词的一般过去时的反意疑问句，需用did的是适当形式。
①The
rain
stopped,
didn't
it
Yes,
it
did.
No,
it
didn't.
②
Jim’s
parents
didn't
go
to
Hong
Kong
last
month,
did
they Yes,
they
did.
No,
they
didn't.四、一般将来时的反意疑问句 ，需用will的适当形式。
①
The
boys
will
play
games,
won't
they
Yes,
they
will.
No,
they
won't.
②
It
won't
stop
raining,
will
it
Yes,
it
will.
No,
it
won't.
五、现在完成时的反意疑问句，需用have、has的适当形式。
①
You
have
been
to
Shanghai
before,
haven't
you
Yes
I
have.
No,
I
haven't.
②
Jack
hasn't
done
his
homework,
has
he
Yes,
he
has.
No,
he
hasn't.
六、现在完成进行时的反意疑问句，、需用have、has的适当形式。
①
You
have
been
skating
for
five
hours,
haven't
you
Yes,
I
have.
No,
I
haven't.
②
Bob
hasn't
been
collecting
kites
since
1999,
has
he
Yes,
he
has.
No,
he
hasn't.
七、含有情态动词的反意疑问句，需用情态动词的适当形式。
You
can
speak
French,
can't
you
Yes,
I
can.
No,
I
can't.
The
students
must
study
hard,
mustn't
they
Yes,
they
must.
No,
they
needn't.
注意：当陈述部分含有情态动词must时，我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must
作“一定；要；必须”讲，反意疑问句须用mustn't或needn't；而当must作推测意义“一定是；必定”讲时，反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如：
He
must
work
hard
at
physics,
mustn't
he
他必须努力学物理，是吧？
You
must
go
home
now,
needn't
you
Yes,
I
must.
No,
I
needn't.
　　Tom
must
be
at
home，isn't
he
汤姆一定在家，是吧？
八、祈使句用于反意疑问句中
这种类型较特殊，前一部分是祈使句，后一部分是肯定疑问形式。回答也较灵活。
句型1:
Let's
+
动词原形
+
其它，shall
we
例如:
Let's
go
for
a
walk,
shall
we
句型2: 其它形式的祈使句，will
you（表示请求）或won’t
you(表示提醒)

①Come
into
the
classroom,
will
you
---OK.
②Please
be
careful,
will
you
③Be
quick,
will
you
④Don’t
you
be
late
again,
will
you
⑤Do
it
at
once
,
will
you
⑥Let
me
have
a
try,
will
you
⑦Let
us
leave
now
,will
you
九、感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句常根据其主、谓语来确定。例如：　
①How
time
flies
,
doesn’t
it

②How
tall
the
buildings
are
,
aren’t
they
③How
hard
it’s
raining,
isn’t
it

④What
a
tall
man
,
isn’t
he

⑤What
tall
buildings,
aren’t
they
⑥What
an
old
picture,
isn’t
it
十、陈述部分的主语是everything,
nothing,
anything或something
时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如：Something
is
wrong
with
my
radio,
isn't
it
我的收音机出毛病了，是吧？
十一、陈述部分的主语是
everybody,
everyone,
anybody,
anyone,
somebody,
someone,
nobody,
no
one,
none,
neither
时,
其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如：
　　Everyone
is
here,
aren't
they
大家都到了，是吗？
　　No
one
knows
about
it,
do
they
没有人知道这件事，对吗？
十二、陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如：
　　This
is
a
plane,
isn't
it
这是一架飞机，是吗？
These
are
grapes，aren't
they
这些是葡萄，是吗？
十三、当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few,
little,
seldom，hardly,
never,
not,
no,
no
one,
nobody,
nothing,
none,
neither等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如：
①
You
have
never
been
to
Beijing,
have
you

Yes,
I
have.
No,
I
haven't.
②
Mr.
Fat
has
few
friends
here,
does
he
Yes,
he
does.
No,
he
doesn't.㎜
③
There
is
little
milk
in
the
bottle,
is
there
Yes,
there
is.
No,
there
isn't.
④
He
could
do
nothing,
could
he
Yes,
he
could.
No,
he
couldn't.
但是，当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如：It
is
unfair,
isn't
it
It’s
impossible
,
is
it

十四、当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如：What
you
need
is
more
important,
isn't
it？你需要的东西更重要，是吧？
十五、当陈述部分含I
think
(believe,
suppose...)that...
结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如：
I
don't
think
he
will
come,
will
he
我认为他不会来，对吗？
I
believe
they
can
finish
the
work
in
time
,can
they
十六、have(has)不是“完成时态”时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用do,
does,
did。例如：
　　They
had
a
meeting
just
now，didn't
they
他们刚才开了个会，是吗？
You
have
to
water
the
vegetables
every
day,
don't
you 你每天都要浇菜，对吧？
He
has
to
stay
at
home,
doesn’t
he
They
had
to
start
at
once
,didn’t
they
十七、 陈述部分是there
be句型时，其反意疑问句中要用there。例如：
①There
aren't
any
children
in
the
room,
are
there
Yes,
there
are.
No,
there
aren't.
②There
will
be
a
basketball
match
tomorrow,
won't
there
Yes,
there
will. No,
there
won't.
十八、陈述部分有had
better时，反意疑问句中要用had
。例如：
　　We
had
better
go
to
school
at
once,
hadn't
we
我们现在最好马上去上学，好吗？
They
had
better
not
go
out
at
night,
had
they
十九、陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one，也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如：
One
should
be
ready
to
help
others,
shouldn't
one
每个人都应该乐于助人，是吧？
二十、当陈述部分谓语动词是need,
dare,
used
to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。例如：
He
needs
help,
doesn't
he
They
dare
to
go
out
at
night,
don’t
they
You
used
to
get
up
early,
didn’t
you