必修一 Unit2 English around the world
Language Points
从容说课
This is the third teaching period of this unit. The teacher should first check the students’ homework and offer chances for the students to review what they learned in the second period.
The emphasis in this period will be laid on the important new words, expressions and sentence patterns. In order to make the students understand these points thoroughly, the teacher can first get the students to understand their meanings in the context, then give some explanations about them, later offer some practices to let the students know their usages. Some words and expressions, such as include, command, request, recognize, because of, such as, play a role in, etc. are very useful and important. The teacher ought to pay more attention to them and design special exercises.
Also in this unit, there are some words which show directions, such as western, eastern, Midwestern, southern and northwestern. The teacher can first get students to review east, west, south and north they learned in Junior middle school, then enlarge them and design situations to make students master them by games.
At the end of the class, the teacher can make the students do more exercises for consolidation. In doing so, they can learn, grasp and use these important language points well.
教学重点
Enable the students to grasp the usages of such important new words and expressions as include, command, request, recognize, because of, such as, play a role in, etc.
教学难点
Enable the students to grasp the usages of include, recognize, such as, etc. and understand some difficult and long sentences.
教学方法 1. Discussing, summarizing and practicing
2. Cooperative learning
教具准备 The multimedia and other normal teaching tools
三维目标
Knowledge aims:
1. Get the students to learn and grasp some important new words and expressions: include role international native elevator flat apartment rubber petrol gas modern culture actually present(adj. ) rule(v. ) vocabulary usage identity government rapidly phrase candy lorry command request retell polite boss standard southern eastern southeastern northwestern recognize accent lightning direction subway block play a role in because of come up such as play a part(in)
2. Get the students to understand some useful sentence patterns:
1) Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. (even if. . . )
2) It became less like German, and more like French because those who ruled England at that time spoke French. (those who. . . )
3) Believe it or not, there is no such a thing as standard English. (Believe it or not. . . )
4) The US is a large country (in which. . . )
5) These men spent nearly all of their lives trying to collect words for their dictionaries. (spend. . . (in)doing. . . )
Ability aims:
1. Enable the students to use some useful words and expressions correctly.
2. Enable the students to learn how to understand new words, expressions and difficult sentences according to the context.
Emotional aim:
Develop the students’ spirit of cooperation and teamwork.
教学过程
设计方案（一）
→Step 1 Revision
1. Check the homework exercises.
2. Ask some students to tell something about different English dialects.
→Step 2 Reading and exercise
Get the students to try to find out the words and expressions as quickly as possible in the related parts and let them learn some important new words and expressions by studying their contexts, clues and word-formation.
The teacher shows the following on the screen.
Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions in this unit to complete the following sentences.
1. He likes to help us______________ he is very busy.
2. We’ve known for years.______________, since we were babies.
3.______________, John cheated in the exam.
4. There is a______________ of stone on the road.
5. He has played all kinds of______________ in his life.
6. He learnt to use body language to______________ with deaf customers.
→Step 3 Checking
Explain the problems the students meet while checking the answers.
Suggested answers:
1. even if 2. Actually 3. Believe it or not 4. block 5. roles 6. communicate
→Step 4 Language Points
1. include vt. to be one of the parts; to make something or someone part of a larger group包括；包含
The price includes postage charges.
价格包括邮费在内。
The university includes ten colleges.
该大学有10个学院。
including & included:
There were twelve of us, including Tom and me.
我们有12人，包括我和Tom在内。
Everyone has to go to the dentist’s, you included.
人人都得去牙科诊所，你也不例外。
1)Last Sunday, Sara took with a few of her friends,______________, to the World Park where we enjoyed ourselves very much.
A. I including
B. me including
C. included me
D. including me
2)Mary has ten story books,____________5 Chinese ones and 5 English ones____________.
A. including; including
B. including; included
C. included; included
D. included; including
答案：1)D 2)B
2. role n. the character played by an actor in a play or film; the position that someone has in society or an organization角色；作用
Matthews plays the role of a young doctor in the film.
Matthews在这部电影中扮演一名青年医生。
Women are often forced into a supportive role in the family.
妇女往往被迫在家庭中成为辅助角色。
play a leading/major/key role in be important in making changes happen在……起主要作用；起带头作用
Mandela played a leading role in ending apartheid in South Africa.
Mandela在结束南非种族隔离方面起了重要的作用。
They are playing an important role in safeguarding peace.
他们在保卫和平中起着重要作用。
play a role & play a part:
play a role to act, take the actor’s part in a play扮演角色
He has played all kinds of roles in his life.
他一生中扮演了各种各样的角色。
play a part to be involved in an activity参加某活动
She played an active part in the local community.
她积极参与地方活动。
两个短语都可表示to make a contribution to sth. ; have a share in sth. (对某事起作用、有贡献)
She played an important role/a major part in winning the match.
她对这场比赛的胜利起了重要作用。
Everyone played______________ the full.
A. his role in B. their roles to C. their roles as D. his role to
答案：B
3. because of as the result of a particular thing or someone’s action因为；由于；为了
He had to retire because of poor health.
他因健康原因不得不退休。
I didn’t go out because of rain.
因为下雨，所以我没有出去。
because & because of:
because conj. for the reason that因为。用于从句的开头，放在主语和谓语动词之前。
because of prep. by reason of(sb. /sth. ); on account of因为（某人/某事物）。用于名词或代词前面。
She got the job because she was the best candidate.
她得到了这项工作因为她是最佳候选人。
They are here because of us.
他们是为了我们来到这里的。
Tom was absent______________ school______________ the illness.
A. from; because of B. in; for C. at; because D. out of; because of
答案：A
4. native
1)adj. associated with the place and circumstances of one’s birth出生地的；与出生地有关的
They never saw their native land again.
他们再也没有看到过他们的祖国。
native language/tongue the language you spoke when you first learned to speak母语
2)n. a person who was born in a particular place当地人
Are you a native of New York?
你是纽约人吗？
5. come up
1)to be mentioned被提出
A lot of new questions came up at the meeting.
会上提出了许多新的问题。
2)to be about to happen soon临近
Don’t you have a birthday coming up soon?
不是快到你的生日了吗？
3)to move near someone or something by walking走近
Come up to the front of the room so everyone can see you.
请到房间的前面来，让大家都能看到你。
4)(of plants)to appear above the soil（指植物）长出地面
The grass is just beginning to come up.
草刚开始长出来。
5)(of the sun)to rise（指太阳）升起
We watched the sun come up.
我们观看了日出。
6)to occur; arise发生；出现
I’m afraid something urgent has come up. I won’t be able to see you tonight.
很抱歉，有些急事，今晚不能见你了。
come about to happen in a way that seems impossible to control发生
come across to meet or find something or someone by chance碰到；偶遇
come along to get along; to encourage sb. to try harder一起来；同意，赞成；进展，进步
come by to obtain something that is difficult to find弄到，获得；偶然搞到，偶然得到
come up with to think of an idea提出（建议）；找到（答案、解决办法）
（1）Mary______________ her old classmate on the street yesterday evening.
A. came up B. came along C. came across D. came about
（2）Much to our surprise, the airline has______________ a new solution to the problem of jet-plane.
A. put up with
B. come up with
C. catch up with
D. keep up with
（3）A lot of questions which are related to everyday life have______________ at the meeting.
A. come to B. come around C. come up D. come out
答案：1. C 2. B 3. C
(The word “come” has many phrasal verbs. It is better to ask students to refer to a good dictionary. )
6. present adj.
1)be present
（1）to be in a particular place(opposite of “absent”)出席；在场
How many people were present at the meeting yesterday?
昨天的会议有多少人出席?
(2)to be remembered for a long time呈现
The memory of the disaster last year is still present in her mind.
去年那场灾害现在还时常呈现在她的脑海中。
2)(only before noun)existing now现存的；现在的，目前的
What’s your present address?
你现在住在哪里？
at present现在；目前
be present to出现在……面前
for the present暂时；暂且
live in the present顺应当前形势；只顾眼前
up to/until the present直到现在
7. such as like; for example(used to give an example of something)诸如，譬如说； 像……那样的（用于列举）
The local economy still relies on traditional industries such as farming and mining.
当地经济依然依赖于传统的工业，比如农业和矿业。
My doctor told me not to eat fatty foods such as bacon or hamburgers.
我的医生叫我不要吃油腻的食物，如咸肉或汉堡包。
8. command
1)vi. & vt. to tell someone officially to do something, esp. if you are a military leader or a king to get something such as attention or respect指挥，命令；博得，得到
Who commands here?
谁在这儿指挥？
The general commanded that the regiment(should)attack at once. /The general commanded the regiment to attack at once.
将军命令部队立刻发起攻击。
Dr. Yang commands a great deal of respect as a surgeon.
作为外科医生，杨博士博得了（社会的）敬仰。
2)n.
get/have a good command of to get/have a good mastery of精通；能自由应用
We should have a good command of English.
我们应该精通英语。
9. request
1)vt. to ask for something politely or formally（郑重或正式）请求，要求，恳求，邀请
Your presence is immediately requested.
即请光临。
All I request of you is that you(should)be punctual.
我只要求你准时。
She requested him to go with her.
她邀请他一同去。
2)n. a polite demand for something请求，要求，邀请
They have made an urgent request for international aid.
他们紧急请求国际援助。
in great
/request sth. from/of sb. 向某人要求某物?
/at sb. ‘s request/at the request of sb. 应某人要求?
/as requested依照请求
/by request(of)依照请求；应邀；如嘱
/in great request(=much in request)非常需要，非常喜爱
/make(a)request for请求，要求
ask, beg & request：
若要某人做某事，ask是最通俗、最口语化的词。
I asked her to shut the window.
我让她关上窗户。
request主要用于较正式的讲话和文字中，常用于通告中，多用于被动语态。
Passengers are kindly requested not to smoke in the car.
乘客请勿在车厢内（或汽车内）吸烟。
beg指以谦恭的姿态要求给予巨大的帮助。
He knew he had hurt her and begged her to forgive him.
他自知伤了她的心而央求她原谅。
Visitors______________ not to touch the exhibits.
A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested
答案：D
10. recognize vt.
1)to know who someone is or what something is, because you have ever seen them or it before认出；辨出
Susan came home so thin and weak that her own children hardly recognized her.
Susan回家时又瘦又弱，孩子都差点没认出她来。
2)to accept that an organization has legal or official authority承认；认可
British medical qualifications are recognized in Canada.
加拿大承认英国的行医资格。
(1)Although we had not met each other for over 20 years, I______________ her in the crowds at the first sight.
A. knew
B. recognized
C. regarded
D. reconsidered
(2)—Oh, it’s you! I______________ you.
—I’ve just had my hair cut, and I’ve wearing new glasses.
A. didn’t recognize
B. hadn’t recognized
C. haven’t recognized
D. don’t recognize
(3)Tom is recognized______________ the best student.
A. to B. as C. with D. for
答案：(1)B (2)A (3)B
→Step 5 Analyzing some important and difficult sentences
1. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak?
the same kind of English.
这里的even if they don’t speak the same kind of English是让步状语从句，整个句子可以翻译成“以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流”。
even if等于even though，意思是“即使、尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
Even if we have learned “even though” we still find it difficult to use.
尽管我们学过“even though”，但我们还是发现运用它很难。
Mr. Smith likes to help us even if/though he is very busy.
史密斯先生虽然很忙，他还是愿意帮我们。
2. It became less like German, and more like French because those who ruled England at that time spoke French.
这里的because those who ruled England at that time spoke French是原因状从句，who ruled England at that time是定语从句，整个句子可以翻译成“它（英语）不那么像德语，而更像法语了，因为那时的英国的统治者讲法语”。
3. Believe it or not, there is no such a thing as Standard English.
这里的Believe it or not意思是“信不信由你、不管你信不信”，通常在句子中作插入语，有逗号和句子分开。such(. . . )as在这里相当于like或for example。整个句子可以翻译成“信不信由你，（世界上）根本没有什么标准英语”。
Believe it or not, what I said just now is true.
信不信由你，我刚才说的是真的。
4. The US is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken.
这里的in which many different dialects are spoken是由介词in+which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词country，介词in也可以放在定语从句中，即which many different dialects are spoken in。整个句子可以翻译成“美国是一个大国，国内说着许许多多的方言”。
They went to a large garden in which were many green trees and red flowers.
他们来到一个大花园，里面长着许多红花绿树。
5. These men spent nearly all of their lives trying to collect words for their dictionaries.
句子中的spend. . . (in)doing. . . 意思是“花费（时间等）干……”，有时也用spend. . . on+n. 。整个句子的意思是“这些人几乎用了他们一生的时间为了编词典收集单词”。
Now more and more city adults spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves at school or college.
现在越来越多的城市里的成年人把他们的闲暇时间花在学校里提高自己。
Mary spent 10 dollars on the new beautiful dress.
玛丽花10美元买了这条漂亮的裙子。
6. So why has English changed over time?
句子中的over相当于throughout(a period)或during，意思是“贯穿（一时间段）”，所以整个句子可译成“那么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢？”。
Over the years he has become more patient.
这几年他越来越有耐心。
Rick came to town over the weekend.
瑞克周末到城里来过。
7. Actually, it was based more on German than present day English.
句子中base sth. on sth. (to use sth. as grounds, evidence, etc. for sth. else)，意思是“以某事物为另一事物的根据、证据等”，也常用be based on的形式。因此，该句可翻译成“实际上，当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是”。
He based his hopes on the good news we had yesterday.
他把希望寄托在我们昨天得到的好消息上。
This novel is based on fact.
这部小说是以事实为根据的。
→Step 6 Consolidation
Show the exercises on the screen or give out test papers.
1. Mr. White will______________ in the movement.
A. play a leading part
B. take parts
C. play leading part
D. take a part
2.______________ of the students who took part in the military training is 450.
A. A number
B. A lot
C. Lots
D. The number
3. Sometimes______________ English is quite different from______________ English in many ways.
A. speaking; writing B. spoken; written
C. speaking; written D. spoken; writing
4. When we visited Zhangzhuang again ten years later, we found it changed so much that we could hardly______________ it.
A. remember
B. think about
C. believe
D. recognize
5. The office ordered his soldiers______________ .
A. to stand still
B. to not stand still
C. not stand still
D. stand still
6. They lived a hard life and were often made______________ for over ten hours a day.
A. work
B. to work
C. to working
D. worked
7. Do you have any difficulty______________ ?
A. on listening B. to listening
C. for listening D. in listening
8. Please tell me the way you thought of______________ the garden.
A. take care of
B. to take care of
C. taking care of
D. to take care
9. It’s______________ hot here. We can’t stay here for a long time.
A. much
B. very much
C. much too
D. too much
10. How did all these______________?
A. came out
B. come up
C. come across
D. come about
First get the students to do the following exercises. Then the answers are given. The teacher can give them explanations where necessary.
答案：1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. B
→Step 7 Workbook
Do Exercise 3 on Page 49 in Using words and expressions.
→Step 8 Homework
1. Finish off the Workbook exercises. Write down Exercise 3 in the exercise book.
2. Learn the new words and expressions by heart.
板书设计
Unit 2 English around the world
Important Language Points
1. He likes to help us______________ he is very busy.
2. We’ve known for years.______________ , since we were babies.
3.______________ , John cheated in the exam.
4. There is a______________ of stone on the road．
5. He has played all kinds of______________ in his life.
6. He learnt to use body language to______________ with deaf customers.
活动与探究
Words showing directions are important in our daily life. Remember them by doing a game as follows.
1. Let students draw a square as follows to represent a classroom.
2. Tell students the “front” stands for “north”.
3. Then ask students to write down all the directions including the adjectives in the box correctly.
4. Play a game.
Supposed situation:A hides something in a box and asks B to guess where it is. B has to use direction words.
Sample dialogue.
A:I have hidden my dictionary somewhere in the classroom. Can you guess where it is?
B:Is it in the south?
A:No.
B:Is it in the southwest?
A:No.
. . .
必修一 Unit2 English around the world
Language Points
1. Do you know that there is more than one kind of English？你知道吗，(世界上)有许多英语
种类？
There are more than 100 people at the party.
有100多人参加聚会。
Peace is much more than the absence of war.
和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。
Her performance was more than good；it was perfect.
她的表演非常好，可以说是完美的。
He more than smiled；he laughed outright.
他岂止是微笑，简直是大笑了。
The consequence was much more than he imagined.
结果远远超过了他的想像。
more than＋数词，意为比……多，超过，相当于over；其后接名词，意为不只是，不仅
仅，表示程度和加强语气；其后接形容词或副词，意为十分，非常；其后接动词，意为
岂止是，不仅仅；其后接从句，意为比……更。
(1)more...than...
①more＋＋than...为一个表示比较级的句型，意为“比……”。
The problem is more complicated than we expected.
这个问题比我们预料的要复杂得多。
You’ve actually given me more help than I need.
你其实没必要给我这么多帮助。
②more A than B 相当于not so much B as A，是指“与其B倒不如A”。
—He failed to pass the driving test.
——他没能通过驾驶考试。
—The reason lies more in his carelessness than in his timidness.
——与其说是因为他胆小倒不如说是因为他粗心。
(2)not more than意思是“至多，不超过”，它相当于at (the) most。
He’s only a child of not more than 10.
他仅仅是个不到10岁的孩子。
(3)no more(...)than...
①no more than后面常接数词，表示数量少，相当于only，意为“仅仅，只有”。
To my surprise，no more than 5 members shared my idea.
令我吃惊的是，只有5个人同意我的观点。
②no more(...)than...意为“和……一样都不……”，表示对前后两方面均否定。
Don’t ask him about it.He knows no more than you.
别问他这件事了。他和你一样对此一无所知。
短语识境
A.more than B .no more than C.more...than D.not...more than
(1)—Do you need any help，Lucy?
—Yes.This job is more than I could do myself.
(2)—My son is a little slow in studying maths.
—He’s more lazy than slow.He seldom does any exercises.
(3)When I first began to work，you know，I could earn no more than 50 dollars every month.
(4)I’ll not give you more than I can spare.
2. ...people from England made voyages to conquer other parts...英国人航海去征服其他区
域……
He took a voyage to study plants on that island.
他航海去那个岛上研究植物。
voyage，名词，常构成短语make或take a voyage/voyages，on voyage意为在航海中。
voyage，journey，travel，tour，trip
(1)voyage主要指“乘船作水上旅行”，也可指“空中旅行”。
(2)journey应用范围很广，指“有预定地点的陆上、水上或空中的单程长、短途旅行”，
一般来说，它着重指“长距离的陆上旅行”。
(3)travel(n.)习惯用复数形式。泛指旅行各地，表示旅行的路途远，时间长。此外，travel
还可以作动词用。
(4)tour指“以游览、视察、购物等为目的的旅行”，常含有“最后回到原出发点”的意
思。
(5)trip为一般用语，指“任何方式的、从事业务或游览的旅行”，往往着重于“短途旅
行”，在口语中，可与journey互换。
(1)他决定乘飞机去纽约旅行。
He decided to make a journey to New York by air.
(2)在航行中他晕船了。
He got seasick on voyage.
(3)他要周游全球。
He is going to make a round-the-world tour.
(4)《马可·波罗游记》是我读过的最有意思的书。
The Travels of Marco Polo is one of the most interesting books that I have ever read.
(5)因为暴风雪，旅行取消了。
This trip was cancelled because of the snowstorm.
3. ...and because of that，English began to be spoken in many other countries.……因为那一
点，许多国家开始说英语。
He didn’t go to school because of his illness.
由于生病他没去上学。
The bus was late because of the heavy snow.
因为大雪公交车晚点了。
He lost the job because he was careless.
因为粗心他失去了这份工作。
because of属介词短语，后跟名词；because是连词，后跟句子。
The open-air party has been put off the bad weather.
A.because of B.because
C.instead of D.instead
答案 A
4. Yes，I’d like to come up to your apartment.好啊，我想去你住的地方。
He came up and introduced himself.
他走上前来并作了自我介绍。
The diver came up to the surface to have a deep breath.
潜水员浮到水面深吸了一口气。
The seeds I sowed last week haven’t come up yet.
上星期我播下的种子还没有发芽呢。
When did these idioms come up?
这些习语是什么时候开始流行的？
I’ll let you know if anything comes up.
如果发生什么事的话，我会让你知道的。
The question hasn’t come up yet.
这个问题还没有被提出来。
The price is coming up all the way.
价格一直在上涨。
come up，动词短语，无被动语态，意为走近；上来；发芽；流行；发生；被提出；上
升。
用适当的介、副词填空
(1)The boy came at us with a stick.
(2)The price of oil is coming down，making the consumers happy.
(3)I came across some photos when looking through the book.
(4)How did the war come about?
(5)When is your new book coming out?
(6)All the clothes came to $ 1,000.
5. It was based more on German than...当时的英语更多的是以德语为基础的，而不是……
They based the report on facts.
这篇新闻报道完全是以事实为依据的。
We camped at the base of the mountain.
我们在山脚下安营。
Karl Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work.
卡尔·马克思把伦敦作为他的革命根据地。
base，作动词时意为以……为基础，常见结构是base...on/upon...或be based on/upon...；作
名词时，意为基础；基部；基地。
(1)这部电影是以鲁迅的小说为蓝本的。
The film is based on a novel by Lu Xun.
(2)容器的底部有个洞。
There is a hole in the base of the container.
(3)那个公司的办事处遍布全世界，但总部在巴黎。
That company has offices all over the world，but their base is in Paris.
6. ...the English we speak at present.我们目前所说的英语……
We haven’t found the thief at present.
目前我们还没抓到这个贼。
at present意为现在；目前。
present
the present government现政府
All the people who were present at the meeting were for the plan.
出席会议的人都赞同这个计划。
All the students present are against his advice.
所有在座的学生都反对他的建议。
All the presents should be presented to each students present at the present time.
这些礼物应当送给目前在场的每一位学生。
(1)I don’t plan to go on holiday at present (目前).
(2)大部分到场的科学家表达了他们对当前国家形势的看法。
Most of the scientists present expressed their ideas about the present national situation.
7. Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.莎士比亚所用的
词汇量比任何时候都大。
You must make good use of every opportunity to practise English.
你必须好好利用每一个机会练习英语。
The Internet resources should be made full use of.
网络资源应当得到充分利用。
make use of 意为利用；make good use of意为好好利用……；make full use of意为充分利
用……，其中use是不可数名词。
make the best of 充分利用，善用……
make the most of 充分利用，尽量利用……
You should make the best/most of this valuable opportunity.
你应该充分利用这宝贵的机会。
Full use should be the time to practise speaking more English.
A.taken B.made
C.taken of D.made of
答案 D
8. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South
Africa.在新加坡，马来西亚和非洲一些国家如南非，人们也说英语。
I like those students who are careful with their lessons，such as Mary，Lina.
我喜欢那些学习认真的学生，例如：玛丽，琳娜。
English is spoken in many countries，such as Australia and Canada.
许多国家都讲英语，例如澳大利亚和加拿大。
Metals are such things as iron and steel.
金属是一些像铁、钢一样的东西。
such as意为例如，用于列举前面所述情况，有时也可分开用，such后接名词或代词，as
后接名词或定语从句修饰such后的成分。
for example，such as
(1)for example 用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只列举同类人或物中的“一个”为
例，作插入语，可位于句首、句中或句末。
Ball games，for example，have spread around the world.
例如，球类运动已经在世界各地传播开了。
(2)such as 用来列举事物时，一般列举同类人和事物中的几个例子。插在被列举的事物与
前面的名词之间，as后面不用逗号。
(3)使用such as短语时，后面列举的事物的数量不能等于它前面所提到的总和，一旦相等
就要用that is 或namely。
I have three good friends，such as John，Jack and Tom.(错)
I have three good friends；that is，John，Jack and Tom.
我有三个好朋友，即约翰、杰克和汤姆。
用that is，such as，for example填空
(1)He knows three languages，that is，Chinese，French and English.
(2)What would you do if you met a wild animal—a lion，for example?
(3)The farmer grows various kinds of crops，such as wheat，corn，cotton and rice.
(4)Matter may be invisible；air，for example，is this kind of the matter.
9. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly.目前在中国，
学习英语的人数在迅速增长。
India has a very large number of fluent English speakers...印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的
人。
A number of cars are in the street.大街上有许多车。
The number of cars in our company is increasing.我们公司的轿车数在增长。
the number of意为……的数量，作主语时谓语用单数；a number of意为许多，作主语时，
谓语用复数，该短语也可换为numbers of，number可被large、small、great、good来修饰。
I know of your classmates are studying French；what’s of them?
A.the number；a number B.a number；the number
C.a number；a number D.the number；the number
答案 B
10. Only time will tell.只能让时间来断定了。
It is difficult to tell Lucy from Lily.很难分辨出Lucy和Lily。
I can’t tell who is wrong.我分不清谁错了。
tell意为分辨，辨别，tell A from B把A和B分辨清。
He is too young to right wrong.
A.know；from B.say；from
C.tell；from D.tell；of
答案 C
通向现代英语之路
16世纪末期大约有5百万到7百万人说英语，几乎所有这些人都生活在英国。后来，在17世纪英国人开始航海征服了世界其他地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语了。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以互相交流。请看以下例子：
英国人贝蒂：“请到我的公寓(flat)里来看看，好吗？”
美国人艾米：“好的。我很乐意到你的公寓(apartment)去。”
那么，英语在一段时间里为什么会起变化呢？事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展、有所变化。首先，在公元450年到1150年间，人们所说的英语跟今天所说的英语就很不一样。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到1150年期间，英语不那么像德语了，因为那时的英国的统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。这些新的定居者大大丰富了英语语言，特别是在词汇方面。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。在1620年，一些英国人搬迁到美洲定居。后来，到了19世纪，有些英国人也被送往澳大利亚，两个国家的人都开始说英语了。
最后，到20世纪，英语才真正定形。那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：首先塞缪尔·约翰逊编写了词典，后来，诺厄·韦伯斯特编纂了《美国英语词典》。后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。
现在，英语在南亚也被当作外语或第二语言使用了。比如说，印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人，这是因为英国于1765年到1947年统治过印度。在那期间，英语成了官方语言和教育用语。在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲其他国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。目前在中国学习英语的人数正在迅速增长。事实上，中国可能拥有世界上最多的英语学习者。中国英语会发展出自己的特色吗？这只能由时间来回答了。
必修一 Unit2 English around the world
Language Points
Teaching goals
1. Target language目标语言
重点词汇和短语
lightning, subway, underground, British, western, Europe, southeast
2. Ability goals能力目标
Get the Ss to know more about world English and dialects by listening.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
Help the students learn how to get detailed ideas of English programs.
Teaching important points 教学重点
Listen to materials and grasp the information needed.
Teaching difficult points 教学难点
Guess the name of speaker’s country by listening.
Teaching difficult and important points
The use of some important words, phrases and patterns.
Teaching methods
Teaching methods 教学方法
Listening.
Discussion.
Notes-making.
Teaching aids 教具准备
A recorder.
Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式
一、词语辨析
1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour
【解释】
voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行
journey: 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行
travel: 一系列的旅程，尤指旅行的概念
trip: (短途)旅行
tour: 为了公务、娱乐或教育参观多处名胜的旅行
【练习】
用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). It is tiring to take a long _______ by train from Paris to Moscow.
2). The _________ from England to Australia used to take several months.
3). We’ll have time for a ______ to France next weekend.
4). We went on a guided ______ round the castle.
答案: 1). journey 2). voyage 3). trip 4). Tour
2. frequent/common/ordinary/general/regular
【解释】
frequent经常的，时间或间歇很短的发生或出现
common 通常的、常发生的、广泛使用或众所周知的
ordinary指种类普通且不能从其他中加以区别的，有时含贬义
general一般性的，到处的；不限于领域、地区或应用
regular平常的；惯例的；习惯性的、通常的或正常的
【练习】
用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). This is a ___________ problem.
2). He often makes ___________ errors of judgment.
3)．Look at the train’s ___________ schedule.
4)．The violinist gave a very ___________ performance marked by an occasional memory lapse.
5)．As a ____________ rule I am home by six.
答案: 1). common 2). frequent 3). regular 4). ordinary 5). General
3. especially/ specially
【解释】
especially意思是“尤其，特别”，表达事物的不寻常或特别重要
specially 指为了某一目的，专门做某事
【练习】
用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Our city is very beautiful, ___________ in spring.
我们城市很美丽，尤其在春天。
2). He came here ___________ to ask you for help.
他是专程来这里向你求助的。
答案: 1). especially 2). specially
4. a number of / the number of
【解释】
a number of意思是“若干；许多”
the number of意思是“……的数目”
【练习】
用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Today ___________ people learning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly.
2). ____________ books in the market are in English.
答案: 1). the number of 2). A number of
二、词性变化
1. actual adj. 实际的
actually adv. 实际上；事实上
2. base n. 基地；基础
base v. 以……为根据
basic adj. 基本的
3. east n. 东方
eastern adj. 东方的；东部的
【练习】
用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空
1) What did he _________ say? (actual)
2) The __________ cost was much higher than we had expected. (actual)
3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _________. (base)
4）She used her family's history as a _________ for her novel. (base)
5）This novel is ________ on historical facts. (base)
6）He is interested in ________ customs. (determine)
7) The wind is blowing from the __________. (determine)
答案: 1) actually 2) actual 3) basic 4) base 5) based 6) eastern 7) east
Ⅲ 重点词汇
1. present n. 礼物adj. 在场的；目前的vt. 赠送
[典例]
1). The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.
这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物。
2). I am afraid I can’t help you at present.
恐怕现在我没法帮助你。
3). Were you present when the decision was announced?
宣布那项决定时你在场吗？
4). In the present case, I advise you to wait.
按照目前的情况，我建议你等等。
5). May I present my new assistant to you?
请允许我向你介绍我的新助手。
[重点用法]
make sb. a present of sth.将某物赠送给某人
at present/ at the present time目前
be present at出席
present-day attitudes/fashion现在的态度/流行款式
present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人
[练习]
中译英
1). 所有（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). The mistake was obvious to all (those) present.
2). This book was a present from my brother.
2. command n.& v. 命令；指令；掌握
[典例]
1) The officer commanded his soldiers to fire.
那名军官命令士兵们开火。
[重点用法]
command sb. to do sth 命令某人做某事
be under the command of 由…指挥,由…控制
be in command of 控制…
be at one’s command 听任某人支配
have / take command of… 指挥…
[特别提醒]
command后接that从句时要用虚拟语气
[练习]
用适当的介词填空
1)For the first time in years, she felt ______ command of her life.
2) The army is __________ the king’s direct command.
3)The police arrived and took command ________ the situation.
答案: 1). in 2). under 3). of
3. request n.& v. 请求；要求
[典例]
1)Your requests will be granted.
你的请求能够获准。.
2) I requested him to help.
我请求他帮忙。
[重点用法]
at sb's request/at the request of sb应某人之请求
by request (of sb) 应（某人的）请求; 经（某人之）要求:
on request 一经要求:
request sth (from/of sb)要求, （尤指）请求某人做某事:
[练习]
中译英。
1). 我是（特别）应你要求而来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 请不要吸烟。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). I came at your (special) request.
2). You are (kindly) requested not to smoke.
4. recognize vt. 辨认出；承认；公认
[典例]
1) I recognized her by her red hat.
我根据她的红色帽子认出了她。
2)Everyone recognized him to be the lawful heir/as the lawful heir.
大家都承认他为合法继承人。
[重点用法]
recognize…by sth 认出或识别某人/某事物
recognize…as sth 承认某人/某事物是
recognize…to be承认…是
[练习]
中译英
1). 人们都承认他是他们理所当然的领袖。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 我认出他是我朋友的哥哥。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1). He is recognized to be their natural leader.
2). I recognized him as my friend’s brother.
5. straight adj.笔直的；正直的 adv. 直接；挺直
[典例]
1). This is a straight road.
这是一条直路。
2). She went straight from school to university.
她中学一毕业就马上进了大学。
[练习]
中译英
1).我的领带系得正不正?
2). 一直往前看。
答案: 1). Is my tie straight?
2). Look straight ahead.
6. block vt. 堵塞；阻碍n. 街区；木块；石块
[典例]
1). He lives three blocks away from here.
他住的地方与此处相隔三条街.
2). A large crowd blocked the corridors and exits.
人群把走廊和出口都堵死了
[重点用法]
a block of 一大块
block out 堵住
block off 封锁；封闭
block up 堵塞；阻碍
[练习]
中译英
1). 他们在绕楼群散步。
2). 大雪阻塞了所有通往苏格兰的道路。
______________________________________
___________________________________
答案:
1). They are taking a walk round the block.
2). Heavy snow is blocking all roads into Scotland.
四、重点词组
1. come up走近；上来；提出
[典例]
1). The little by came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to the police station.
小男孩向陌生人走去，并告诉他去警察局的路。
2). We won’t forget the day when we watched the sun come up on top of the Tai Mountain.
我们不会忘记那天我们一块在泰山顶看日出。
3). It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting. 这个问题在会议上一定会被提出来的。
4). The snowdrops are just beginning to come up. 雪莲花刚刚开始长出地面。
5). I am afraid something urgent has come up. 恐怕发生了什么急事。
[短语归纳]
come across邂逅
come about发生
come at向…扑来,攻击
come from 来自
come out 出版;开花；结果是
come up with想出
come round 绕道而来
come down落下,塌下
[练习]
用come构成的词组填空。
1). The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _______ him.
2). The magazine __________ once a month.
3). I wish you can ___________ to England on your holiday.
4). The engineers has ______________ new ways of saving energy.
5). They ___________ an old school friend in the street this morning.
答案: 1). came at 2). comes out 3). come over 4). come up with 5). came across
2. make use of 利用；使用
[典例]
1). You ought to make good use of any opportunity to practise English.
你应该好好利用机会练习英语。
[短语归纳]
make good use of 好好利用
make full use of 充分利用
make the best/most of 充分利用
[练习]
1). 要充分利用一切机会说英语。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 我们要很好地发挥她的才能。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). Make full use of every chance you have to speak English.
2). We will make good use of her talents.
3. such as例如；像这种的
[典例]
1). Such poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry.
有些诗人, 如济慈和雪莱, 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌
2). Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.
兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了
[练习]
用such as或for example填空
1). I like drinks __________ tea and soda.
2). The report is incomplete; it doesn’t include sales in France, ________.
答案: 1) such as 2). For example
4. play a part (in) 扮演一个角色；参与
[典例]
1). She plays an active part in local politics.
她积极参与地方政治活动。
2). She played a major part in the success of the scheme.
她对该计划的成功起了重要作用。
[短语归纳]
take part (in sth)参加, 参与（某事物
the best part of sth（某事物的）绝大部分（尤指一段时间）
for the most part 整体上; 通常; 多半 for my part就我来说
[练习]
中译英
1). 有多少国家要参加（世界杯赛）？
2). 对我来说, 到哪儿吃饭都无所谓。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). How many countries will be taking part (in the World Cup)?
2). For my part, I don't mind where we eat.
5. because of 因为；由于
[典例]
1). They are here because of us.
他们是因为我们来这里的。
[短语归纳]
because of 是复合介词。
because 是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。
[练习]
中译英
1). 因为腿受伤了，他走得很慢。
2). 因为错过了公共汽车，我们只好步行回家。
答案:
1). He walked slowly because of his injured leg. / He walked slowly because his leg was injured.
2). We had to walk home because of missing the bus. / We had to walk because we missed the bus.
五、重点句子
1. Which country do you think has the most English learners?
[解释]
do you think/believe/expect/ find/know/suppose 作为插入语,放在特殊疑问词后，其它内容紧跟其后并用陈述语序。
What time do you expect we will come and pick you up？
你希望我们几点来接你？
What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news？
你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢？
Why do you think their team could win the football match?
你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？
2. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.
[解释]
than ever before 常与比较级连用，意为“比以往任何时候更”。如：
The stars were shining brightly in the dark sky, and the night was more beautiful than ever before. 繁星点缀在夜空里，夜晚比以往更美。
[练习]
中译英
1). 简看起来比以前漂亮多了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 雨下得比以前更大。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). Jane looks much prettier than ever before. 2). It's raining harder than ever before.
六、课文佳句背诵与仿写
1.【原句】With your partner, list the countries that use English as an official language.
和你的同学一起列出把英语作为官方语言的国家。
[模仿要点] 句子结构
【模仿1】请用这些词，造一个句子来描述你心中的想法。
____________________________________________________________________________
答案：
With these words, please make up a sentence that can describe what you feel in your mind.
【模仿2】他用了各种色彩，画一幅画显示了他家乡的变化。
____________________________________________________________________________
答案：With different colors, he painted a picture that showed the change of his hometown..
2．【原句】
English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as south Africa.
在新加坡，马来西亚和非洲其他国家，比如南非，人们也说英语。
[模仿要点] 列举三者以上事物的表达
【模仿1】下课后我喜欢去踢足球，打篮球和参加一些有趣的活动如唱歌跳舞
____________________________________________________________________________
答案：
After class I like to play football and basketball and take part in some interesting activities such as dancing and singing.
【模仿2】在英国旅游期间，我们参考了博物馆，城堡和一些名胜如一些公园和花园。 __________________________________________________________________________
答案：
During the tour in the UK, we visited museums, castles and some places of interest such as some parks and gardens.
必修一 Unit2 English around the world
Language Points
●三维目标
1.Knowledge：
Learning the rest words in the vocabulary.
2.Ability：
The understanding of the reading passage.
3.Emotion：
Guide students how to remember more words as soon as possible.
●教学重点
The understanding of the reading passage.
●教学难点
（1）How to let students master words.
（2）How to let students understand the passage well.
●教具准备
cassette recorder；cards with words on them
●教学过程
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
Step 2 New words and vocabulary
T：Yesterday，I asked you to look up the words left in the vocabulary in the dictionary. Have you been prepared for it？Now，let’s have a game. Let’s divide the whole class into 2 groups. Either group chooses one student as a representative. I’ll show the representative a word or a phrase，she or he should explain it in English. If the group’s members can guess it，your group will win 10 points. Either group has 5 chances. Let’s go!
Possible explanation：
1.command：（1）v.to tell sb.to do sth. （2）an order
2.standard：generally used or accepted as normal
3.play a part in：play a role in
4.dialect：a way of speaking that is used only in a particular area
5.request：（1）v.to ask sb.to do （2）n.an act of asking for sth. in a polite or formal way
6.polite：the opposite of rude
7.retell：to tell a story again or in a different form
8.accent：a way of saying words that shows what country，region or social class sb. comes from
9.recognize：to know who the person is
10.eastern：in or from the east of a country or place
T：Well done! Now let’s deal with the some of the words and phrases in deal.
1.command
v.命令，指挥
command sb. to do；command sth.；博得，应得
command that-clause
e.g.He commanded his man to retreat.
The troops were commanded by Gerneral Haig.
The king commanded that she （should） be executed.（建议，命令，要求一类词后从句中用虚拟语气，此类动词有suggest，advise，order，request，require，command，demand...）
He commanded the building （should） be torn down.
n.命令［C］；指挥，控制［U］
e.g. Are you refusing to obey my commands？
You must obey his command that the building （should） be torn down.
Take command of；be in command；under one’s command；under the command of sb.
e.g. She took command of this class after the former manager left.
She felt in command of her life.
The battleship is under the command of Captain Blake.
2.request
v.request sth. （from sb.）；request sb. to do；request that-clause
e.g. You can request a free copy of the leaflet（宣传单）.
You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.
She requested that no one （should） be told of her decision until the next meeting.
n.request （for sth.）；request （that）
e.g.Requests for visas will be dealt with within 48 hours.
Her request that more sweets be served was refused.
3.recognize 辨认出；意识到；承认
recognize sb./sth. （by/from sth.） 通过……认出……；
recognize sth. （as sth.）；把……认作是……
recognize that意识到；承认
e.g.I recognized the house from your description.
Drugs were not recognized as a problem then.
Nobody recognized how urgent the situation was.
We recognized that the task was not easy.
4.standard
n. 规格，标准［C&U］
raise/improve/lower standard 提高/降低标准
set （sb.） a standard 给某人定一个标准
e.g. He set himself such a high standard that he often disappoints himself.
of high/low standard 具高/低标准的
standards 行为标准，道德标准
a man of high standards 一个道德高尚的人
Step 3 Reading
T：We have learnt English for many years. Then in your opinion，what is a very important help to your English study？
S：teachers，books，tapes ...
T：Anything else？Is there anything that you can turn to for help when you are confused while learning English？
S：I think a dictionary is a great help.
T：Yeah. When we meet across new words we often look them up in a dictionary. What is the most widely-used dictionary in Chinese？
S：Xinhua Dictionary.
T：Then which one do you think is used widely in English？
S：I’m sorry I have no idea.
T：It’s Longman Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary. Today，we’ll read a passage on the Oxford English Dictionary. Now according to the title，what do you think will be mentioned in the passage？
S：I think the writer，the time when was it written，why it was written，how it was written，the feature of the dictionary will be mentioned.
T：Now，let’s listen to it to see whether your answer is right.
（after listening）
T：Do you think that your answer is right？
S：I think that it doesn’t mention the feature of the dictionary.
T：Yes. Now let’s read it aloud to answer these questions then.
①Why was it written？
②When did it start to be written？
③Who is the writer？
④How it was written？
S：①To encourage everybody to spell the same.
②The idea was raised in 1857.And 22 years later，it began to be written.
③Three men worked together on the dictionary：Samuel Johnson，Noah Webster，and James Murray.
④It took the three men nearly all of their lives to try to collect words.
T：Good job!Then who first began to work on the dictionary？
S：Murray.
T：Yes. Now let’s read the last paragraph. And then finish the table about notes on James Murray’s life with your partners.
（check together）
Step 4 Consolidation/discussion
T：After reading it，can you say something about Murray？Let’s do a chain reaction. Each student just says one sentence about Murray.
T：Do you think it worth so these people’s spending so much time on？Why？Now discuss with your partner and list some reasons.（discuss for about 3 minutes） Now，it’s show time.
S：We think that it worth their job. If there were no dictionaries，people would have no rule to guide them while using the language，which will lead to a mess in English because different people would use different laws to use it. Then there will be more difficulty in understanding one another. With the dictionary，people have a set rule to judge whether their way of using the language is right.
Step 5 Summary and homework
Today，we have learned the words left in the vocabulary and we’ve got some information on the large English dictionary. After class，please read the words again and again to recite them and try to use them to make up sentences. ●板书设计
Unit 2 English around the world
The Fifth Period
Words
1.command 2.request
3.recognize 4.standard
Understanding of the passage
Guessing
Questions
●活动与探究
This research is to do research on the concept of the Oxford Dictionary and some other kinds of dictionary in English spoken countries. So students should work in groups to study the items of the Oxford Dictionary and find out the names of other types of dictionary and tell which one is the most popular and what’s the reason.
names
The most popular one
The reason
●备课资料
About the Oxford English Dictionary
The Oxford English Dictionary is the accepted authority on the evolution of the English language over the last millennium. It is an unsurpassed guide to the meaning，history，and pronunciation of over half a million words，both present and past. It traces the usage of words through 2.5 million quotations from a wide range of international English language sources，from classic literature and specialist periodicals to film scripts and cookery books.
The OED covers words from across the English-speaking world，from North America to South Africa，from Australia and New Zealand to the Caribbean. It also offers the best in etymological analysis and in listing of variant spellings，and it shows pronunciation using the International Phonetic Alphabet.
As the OED is a historical dictionary，its entry structure is very different from that of a dictionary of current English，in which only present-day senses are covered，and in which the most common meanings or senses are described first. For each word in the OED，the various groupings of senses are dealt with in chronological order according to the quotation evidence，i.e.the senses with the earliest quotations appear first，and the senses which have developed more recently appear further down the entry. In a complex entry with many strands，the development over time can be seen in a structure with several “branches”.
The Second Edition of the OED is currently available as a 20-volume print edition，on CD-ROM，and now also online. Updated quarterly with at least 1000 new and revised entries，OED Online offers unparalleled access to the greatest continuing work of scholarship that this century has produced’ （Newsweek）.To find out more about the OED Online，why not follow our free tour？
“About the Oxford English Dictionary” invites you to explore the intriguing background and distinctive character of the OED. Here，you will find in-depth articles about the history of the OED，an inside look at the programmes used to enlarge and update the OED entries，little-known facts about its content，and much more.
