Unit 1 The world of our senses 教案和学案

编写时间 _____年_____月_____日 执行时间 _____年_____月_____日 教案总序号 _____
Module 3 Unit 1 The World of Our Senses
Period One Welcome to the Unit
Ⅰ.Teaching aims:
1. Encourage students speak out to practice their oral English.
2. Arose their interest in learning this unit through activities.
3. Let them know the importance of senses in daily life.
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
Help students prepare for their discussion, making sure that they are fully prepared before the lesson.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods:
Discussion and task-based activities.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids:
A tape recorder and the multimedia.
Ⅴ.Teaching Procedures
Step 1 Brainstorming
Ask students the following questions:
1.With what do we see and hear
2.How do we know whether a dish is delicious
3.How do we know that a flower has a pleasant smell
4.What do we do when we want to know whether the water in the basin is hot or cold
5.How do we know about the world around us
As we all know, almost everyone has five senses, which are used everywhere and all the time. We learn about the world through the five senses. We use the five senses to study, work and relax, but there are some people who have lost one or more of their senses.
Step2 Presentation
Contents: a paragraph about five senses
1. What would happen if you lost one or two of your senses
A person who cannot see is blind and someone who cannot hear is deaf.
2. Do you know how blind people can read
They can read by touching raised dots which represent numbers and letters. This system is called Braille.
3. How do the deaf communicate with each other
They use body language or sign language.
4. What sense does a blind man use the most in his daily life
Hearing, smell and touch.
Then show on the screen the four pictures about the optical illusion.
Step3 Discussion
Ⅰ.Look at the four pictures and answer the question below each picture.
1. What can you see in this picture
2. How would you judge the length of the two lines
3. How can you prove that the two lines are straight
4. Can the symbols be read in only one way
5. Why are people misled by their own eyes
Ⅱ. 1. Read the three questions in the short passage and discuss them in groups of four.
2. Report your answers to the whole class.
Sample answers:
1. We often use one or two of the five senses more than the others when we need to. For example, in the darkness, the sense of hearing and sense of touch become more sensitive because we can’t see anything. When we listen to our favorite music, we still close our eyes and just listen with our ears. When we read a very interesting book, we’ll lose ourselves in it, and hardly hear anything around us. When we eat something, we not only taste or smell it, but look at it as well.
2. I think that when hearing English, the sense of sight and the sense of hearing help me a lot. I usually listen to the tape before I read. While I’m listening to the tape, I’ll look at the text. And I often read the English text aloud. The combination of these two senses best helps me remember what I have learnt.
3. Beethoven He began to lose his hearing in 1801 and was partly deaf by 1819.In 1824, when
he was completely deaf, Beethoven completed his most famous Symphony, the Ninth Symphony.
Helen Keller “Three Days to See”
Hua Yanjun Although he couldn’t see anything, his famous erhu solos are admired by people all over China.
Step4 Language points
1.Sometimes senses affect one another.
sense
(1).n .感觉
He had a sense that the meeting was very important. 他感觉到这次会议很重要。
a sense of justice/direction/humor /safety/beauty/responsibility/guilt/honor
正义感,方向感,幽默感,安全感,美感,责任感,罪恶感,荣誉感
(2).n 意义,价值 make sense 讲得通;能被理解;有道理
make sense of 了解…的意义,懂得…
There is no sense in doing …没意义, 没用, 没道理
have a sense of有…的感觉 have no sense of 没有…感觉/意思
(3) n.理性,理智(常用复数)
The fresh air made her come to her senses again. 新鲜的空气使她又清醒过来。
lose one’s senses 失去知觉 in one’s senses精神正常
out of one’s senses 神智失常;失去理性
bring sb to one’s senses 使某人清醒过来 come to one’s senses 恢复理智,恢复知觉
(4)vt 察觉;感觉到;意识到
She sensed that her teacher was thinking. 她感觉到了她的老师在想什么。
The dog sensed danger and barked. 那只狗意识到危险后吠叫起来。
经典回顾：
① I am sure David will be able to find the library ---– he has a pretty good _____of direction. (2005.浙江)
A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense
② I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any_____ to me. (04.上海春招)
A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance
affect
(1).vt 影响
The climate affected the amount of the rainfall. 气候影响了降雨量。
(2) vt 使某人产生强烈的感情,使感动，激起悲伤、愤怒、爱等情绪
We were all deeply affected by the news of her death. 她去世的消息使我们深感悲痛。.
affect 与effect的区别:
affect 主要用作动词,意为“影响” (= have an effect on)，
effect作名词用, 意思是“效果，作用，影响”指affect(影响)的结果;
作为动词用,意思是“产生,招致，实现”
His invention will have a great pushing effect on production．
The heavy rain effected the change in temperature．
Smoking affects health. 吸烟影响健康。
I will effect my purpose. 我一定要达到我的目的。
(3) have/ produce effects／an effect on对……有影响
What effects do you think the changes in temperature will have on crops
side effect 副作用 come into effect/ take effect 生效
be of no effect 无效 cause and effect 因果
[链接] effective adj．有效的
They have taken effective measures to stop pollution．
经典回顾：
The new law has come into _____; surely it will have ____ on industry of the country.
A. affect ; an effect B. effect; affect
C. effect; an effect D. an effect; an effect
2.However, even if we have good senses, they can still confuse us.
even if =even though,是连词词组,用来引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,即使”,若主句和从句都表示将来的情况, even if从句可用一般现在时代替将来时。
I’ll help you, even if I don’t sleep for a night. 即使我一夜不睡觉，也要帮助你。
Even if I leave now, I’ll be too late. 即使我现在出发，也已经太晚了。
经典回顾：
①. Most of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _____they knew it to be valuable. (07.浙江)
A .as if B .now that C. even though D. so that
②. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _______she was an only child.（05.辽宁）
A. ever since B. now that C. even as D. even though
Step5 Consolidation & Homework
1. Preview the reading part, do exercise C1 and C2
2. Preview the reading strategy.
Postscripts:
Period Two Home alone
Ⅰ.Teaching aims:
1. Improve Ss’ reading ability.
2. Enable Ss to master some important language points.
3. Make sure Ss can learn to help each other in their daily life.
4. Students will learn how to comprehend a story better and learn what common elements in a story and how these elements work in a story
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
Retell a story with a surprise ending.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods:
Explanation and task-based activities.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids:
A tape recorder and the multimedia.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures
Step 1 Revision and Lead-in
Ask students to talk about the climate or the weather in the place where they live:
What’s the weather usually like in spring in your hometown
Which season do you think is the best Why
Do we sometime have foggy days here When
How do you feel on a foggy day
Have you ever lost your way in the fog What would you do if you got lost in the fog
Which city has the name of “foggy city”
Step2: Reading
1.Ask students to go through the passage as quickly as they can and try to find answers to the four questions in part A.
Answers:
1) A young woman lost in the fog.
2) At 86 King Street.
3) An old blind man.
2. Ask students to read the passage again and complete parts C1and C2.
C1 1) Because there was a thick fog hat afternoon, and she wondered if the bus would still be running.
2) Because it was too foggy for the bus to go to King Street.
3) The fog lay like a thick, grey cloud.
4) The rough hand that brushed her cheek and the man’s voice that was close to her ear made Polly afraid.
5) He looked old and had a beard.
6) He could tell Polly was young from her voice.
C2 2 6 5 9 3 7 4 8 1 10
Step 3: Listening
Read the text following the tape recorder to improve their pronunciation and intonation.
Step 4: Reading strategy
1. Guide students to read the Reading strategy for the article and teach them the elements of a story.
2. Give students another story to read and practice identifying the essential elements of a story.
Step 5: Practice
Ask students to complete Parts D and E.
Step 6: Assignments
1. Finish A1 and A2 on page 90 of the Workbook.
2. Retell the story in their own words.
3. Find out the difficult points in the passage.
Postscripts:
Period Three Language focus (3)
Ⅰ.Teaching aims:
1. Help students understand fully of the text.
2. Deal with some difficult sentences and useful language points
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
Mastering the use of some of language points: in sight, wish for, reach out, watch out for, pay back, be frozen with, be related to, be linked to, make sense, make the most of, can’t help doing,
Ⅲ.Teaching methods:
Explanation and task-based activities.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids:
A tape recorder and the multimedia.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures
Step 1 Revision
Retell the story:
Help the students retell the story Fog in their own words.
Outside Polly’s working place-----at the bus stop on the street------ in the Underground train-----at Green Park station------- in Park Street------- at the corner of the street----- in the street near King Street------ at 86 King Street
Step 2 Useful words and phrases
1.When Polly left home that morning, …(P2, L2)
when conj
(1)at the time that当……的时候
She was beautiful when she was a girl．她年轻的时候长得很美。
(2)as soon as一……就……
We will stand up when the teacher comes in．老师一进来我们就起立。
(3)=if如果(与现在时连用)
Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine．如果机器发生故障，立刻叫我。
(4)=although虽然，然而,可是
He walks when he might ride. 他虽有车可坐，却还是步行。
(5)= since; considering that既然；考虑到
Why did you write in pencil when you know you should write in pen
(6)=and then在那时，然后；那时(突然发生了什么事)(用作并列连词)
was/ were doing…when… 正在做……这时……
was/ were about to do sth. when 刚要做某事这时……
was/ were on the point of doing sth．when．．．刚要做某事这时……
Hardly/ Scarcely had sb. done…when.．． 一……就……
注意：when从句中用一般过去时
经典回顾：
①．---Where’s that report
---I brought it to you ______ you were in Mr. Blacks office yesterday. (2007.北京)
A. if B. when C. because D. before
②． How can you expect to learn anything _______you never listen (2006.山东)
A .in case B. even if C. unless D. when
2. Once (she was)out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop. (P2, L7)
在英语中，在when, while, as, until, if, once, unless等从属连词引导的状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，或者主语是it，而且谓语动词(含有)be时，通常可把从句的主语和be动词一起省略.
When (you are) crossing the street, you must be careful.
If (I am) invited, I’ll attend the party.
You can turn to him for help if ( it is) necessary.
经典回顾:
① When______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006·浙江)
A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared
② Generally speaking, _____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken
3. The truth is that it is too foggy for the bus to run that far. (P2, Lines 10-11)
这句话中有两个that,第一个that为连词，引导表语从句；第二个that 为副词，意为“那么”，相当于so,可以修饰形容词。This也有此用法。见下文第53行，a fog this bad is rare.
I didn’t expect he was that rude.
Please cut my hair about this much.
本句中too+ adj./ adv.+ to do sth.意为“太……而不能”，表示否定意义。若句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语，不定式则用主动形式表示被动含义；若句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语，不定式也用主动形式。结构“…enough to do”也有类似的用法。
The problem is too difficult for me to work out.
I’ve been too busy to find time to answer that letter.
但是在下列情况中“too…to…”结构表示肯定意义。
①某些表示心情的形容词，如ready, glad, pleased, surprised, delighted, happy, easy, eager, anxious等，和表示描述性的形容词，如good, kind, true等，与“too…to…”结构连用表示肯定意义，在此结构中，too相当于very/ very much.
He was too surprised to see how angry Mary was.
They seemed to be nervous and were too anxious to leave.
②在too前有only, but, all, simply, just等词修饰时，“too…to…”结构表示肯定意义。此时too带有赞赏的感彩。
She will be only too pleased too help you.
③当“too…to…”结构与never, not连用时，即(can) never/not +动词+too+形容词/副词(+不定式)，表示肯定意义，意为“不至于过度；无论……也不会过分，越……越好”。
You cannot praise Einstein too much.
English is not too difficult to learn.
经典回顾：
1). The little girl couldn’t work the problem out. She wasn’t ______ clever.
A. that B. much C. enough D. too
2). This man is too hard _____.
A. deal with B. to be dealt with C. to deal with D. dealing with
3). This stone is too heavy _____.
A. to carry B. to be carried C. carry D. for carry
4). I have enough books for you _____.
A. to choose B. to choose from C. to be chosen D. choosing
4．As Polly observe the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she was …(L14)
⑴ 句中as用作连词，意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。主句中的feeling后接一个由that引导的同位语从句，对feeling加以详细说明。
⑵ observe vt. 观察，注意到，看到
感官动词，后常跟“宾语+宾补”的情况，宾补通常为不带to的不定式，v-ing，和done.下文的she heard the sound of footsteps approaching (L21), Polly felt a rough hand brush her cheek (L23), she heard a man’s voice in her ear saying ‘Sorry’ (L24), 以及She could feel her heart beating with fear(L25).都是类似的用法。
The policeman observed the man open／opening the window．
那个警察看到那个人打开了／正在打开窗户。(前者意为“看到打开窗户的全过程”；后者意为“看到正在打开窗户”)
They were observed to enter／entering the bank．(被动语态中不能省略to)
他们被注意到进了／正在进入银行。
We observed that it had turned cloudy．我们看到天已转阴。
observe, look, watch , see 与notice的区别：
observe 观察，从不同的角度长时间地看并研究；
look看；因想看而投注目光，不管结果如何；
watch看，观看；特别留意，感兴趣地看着运动着的东西；
see看到，看见；强调看的结果，有意或无意地看到，无进行时；
notice 看到，注意到，察觉到；偶尔看到细小但可能是重要的事情。
He observed the stars all his life． 他一生致力于观察星象。
He is looking at the picture on the wall． 他正在看墙上的画。
Our family are watching TV． 我们一家人正在看电视。
Do you notice anything unusual 你觉察出有异样的情况吗
经典回顾：
(1) They ____ the train until it disappeared in the distance.
A. saw B. watched C. noticed D. observed
(2) He was observed _____ of his watch.
A. rob B. to rob C. robbed D. robbing
(3) The woman was observed _____ him close.
A. to follow B. followed C. have followed D. follow
5．While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. The tall man was nowhere to be seen. (P2, L16-17)
⑴ rest n 其他,其余;休息
the rest(of)：剩余，其余的人或物
He lived here for the rest of his life．他在此度过了他的余生。
You can eat up the rest of the meal．你可以把剩下的食物吃光。
①of之后如果是可数名词的复数形式，则视为复数；如果是不可数名词时，则视为单数。
②单独使用the rest时，所指的如果为可数名词，则视为复数；指不可数名词时，则视为单数。
These books are mine；the rest(of the books) are Tom’s．
I’ll have this piece of bread；the rest(of the bread) is yours．
类似the rest这种用法的短语的还有most of, part of, half of, all of, percent of等.
Most of the people there are farmers.那里大多数人是农民。
Most of Tom’s homework was badly done.大部分家庭作业都做得很糟。
经典回顾：
①I have done much of the work. Could you please finish ________in two days (2004·辽宁)
A. the rest B. the other C. another D. the others
②I’ll take my share of money; the _____ yours.
A. other are B. other is C. rest are D. rest is
⑵ glance at 很快地看一眼，扫视
look at 看着（没有任何感彩）
glare at 由于愤怒而瞪着或怒视
stare at 由于好奇、无礼、傲慢而睁大眼睛凝望、盯着或瞪着看。
⑶nowhere adv.无处，到处都不
be nowhere to be seen/ found/ heard 哪儿也见/找/听不到
nowhere else没有别的地方
nowhere属于否定意义的副词，置于句首时，句子采用倒装语序。
Nowhere else have I ever seen such a nice sight．
经典回顾：
Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else ________ such a beautiful palace.
(2004·辽宁)
A．can you find B．you could find C．you can find D. could you find
6. There was no one in sight. Polly set off towards Park Street. (Lines 20-21)
in／within sight
(1)在视野内，看得见
When we got to the beach，there wasn’t a soul in sight．我们到达海滩时一个人也见不到。
(2)可能即将发生
Peace is now in sight．和平在望了。
[短语链接]
at first sight乍一看(之下) catch／have／get sight of看到，发现
on sight一看见就…… at the sight of一看见
out of sight在视野之外，看不见
Out of sight，out of mind．眼不见，心不烦。(谚)
I always faint at the sight of blood．我一看见血就要犯晕。
We fell in love with the cottage at first sight．
我们一见到那个小屋就喜欢上它了。
经典回顾：
①The_____ on his face told me that he was angry. (2004·湖北)
A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression
②For miles around me, there was nothing but a desert, without a single tree ____.
A. in sight B. on earth C. at a distance D. in place
set off 动身，出发，引爆，使爆炸；引起；激发
归纳拓展：
set an example to sb.= set sb. an example 为某人树立榜样
set sail for 起航去
set off for 动身去 They decided to set off for Beijing.
set out for 动身,出发
set out (to do) 开始；着手；打算
set about (doing) sth. 开始/着手（做）某事
set aside 把……放在一边；为……节省或保留；不理会；不顾；放弃；回绝
set fire to 点燃；生火
set foot in/ on登上；涉足；访问
set up建立，树立
经典回顾：
③ People in China like _____ fireworks to celebrate their most important festival----the Spring Festival.
A. setting off B. setting forth C. setting aside D. setting up
④ It’s ten years since the scientist _____ on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical.
A. made for B. set out C. took off D. turned up
Step 3 Homework
Review the language points.
Postscripts:
Period Four Language focus (II)
Ⅰ.Teaching aims:
1. Help students understand fully of the text.
2. Deal with some difficult sentences and useful language points
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
Mastering the use of some of language points.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods:
Explanation and task-based activities.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids:
A tape recorder and the multimedia.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures
Step 1 Revision
Review the language points learned in the last period.
Step 2 More Difficult points.
7. She had wished for someone to come along. (Line 28)
wish vt. 盼望，想，想要
wish for…想要……；默默期盼…… wish sth．away希望(不愉快的事)自行消失
wish to do sth．期望做某事
wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事。注意：hope无此用法
wish sb +n祝愿某人 wish sb every success祝某人万事如意
It was as fine an afternoon as you could wish for． 这个下午是你想要的难得的晴朗天气。
Her only hope now was to wish for a miracle． 现在她的惟一希望是期盼有奇迹出现。
[特别提示]
wish+ that从句（从句用虚拟语气）,用动词的过去式虚拟当时的情况，用过去完成式虚拟过去的情况，用“would+动词原形”虚拟将来的情况。
经典回顾：
(1) We all ____ you good luck in the coming exam.
A. hope B. expect C. wish D. want
(2) His wish that he _____ so many mistakes in yesterday’s exam is understandable.
A. didn’t make B. should not make C. doesn’t make D. hadn’t make
8. But fear held her still. (Line 28)
句中hold 的意思是“使保持某种状态”，后常接形容词或副词，作宾语补足语。如：
Could you hold the door open for me, please 请替我把门拉着，好吗？
hold还有下面这些意义：
(1) 支持，拿住，握住
She’s holding the baby in her arms．她怀里抱着婴儿。
(2) 抑制，控制
We held our breath in fear．我们因害怕而屏住呼吸。
(3) 容纳，装
The hall can hold 200 people．这个大厅能容纳200人。
(4) 拥有，占有(金钱、土地、职位)
He holds a half share in the business．他拥有这家公司一半的股份。
(5) 保持，维持
His speech held their attention．他的演说吸引了他们的注意力。
短语：hold／keep back阻止；抑制；扣住，隐瞒 hold off使疏远或避开；推迟
hold on(to)抓住……不放；坚持；(打电话)不挂断
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸 hold up阻挡；使停顿
still adj (1)静止的，不动的
Keep still while I fasten your shoes．我替你系鞋带时，你不要动。
The sea was calm and still．海上风平浪静。
(2)寂静的，无声的
The room was still at the end of the speech．演讲过后，室内一片寂静。
adv 仍然，还；更；尽管如此
It’s raining, still I’d like to go.天在下雨，可我还是想去。
经典回顾:
①We want to rent a bus which can _______40 people for our trip to Beijing. (2006.天津)
A. load B. hold C. fill D. support
②Although it was raining heavily, ____ they were working in the field.
A. but B. yet C. still D. both B and C
③Please keep _____ while I’m taking a photo of you.
A. quiet B. silent C. calm D. still
9. …a hand reached out and grasped her arm. (P3, Line 32)
reach out (for sth.) 伸出(手或胳膊)
above／beyond one’s reach (人的)手所不能及之处；(某人)能力所不能及之处
out of one’s reach 在(某人的)手所不能及之处
within one’s reach 在(某人的)手所能及之处；在力量所所及的范围
reach a decision／an agreement／a result 做出决定/达成协议/有结果
经典回顾:
This new model of car is so expensive that it is _____the reach of those with average incomes. (2006 江苏)
A. over B. within C. beyond D. below
10. Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard. (P3, Lines 32-33)
短语find oneself…的意思是“发现自己（做某事或处于某种状态）”，后常接现在分词或介词短语，指没有意料到的事或状态。如:
I suddenly found myself doing all the work alone.
When he came to, he found himself in hospital.
11. Thank you so much for coming to my aid. (P3, L50)
thank sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事感谢某人
come to one’s aid 来帮助某人 come to one’s defence 来保护某人
12. It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it's sunny．(Line 53)
to pay back the help为不定式短语作定语修饰名词the chance；that people give me为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the help, that在从句中作give的宾语，可以省略，when引导时间状语从句。
有些名词后常用不定式作定语，如chance, way, opportunity, time等,另外在the first, the second, the last ,the only等词后常用不定式作定语。
The way to produce the most food is to let farmers grow crops.
I missed a good chance to give my opinion on it.我失去了对那件事提出意见的一个好机会。，
He’s the only person to know the truth．他是唯一了解真相的人。
pay back 偿还；报答，报复 pay off 还清（债务）；得到好结果；获得成功
pay for 付……的钱
13. A blind person like me can’t get across the road without help, except in a fog. (Line 55)
get across
(1)将(想法、信息等)传达给某人
Please get your ideas across to the students．请让学生们理解你的想法。
(2)使通过
The policeman is getting the children across the street． 那个警察正带领孩子们穿过马路。
get along／on with与……相处，进展 get behind落后 get together聚会
get over从……中恢复过来 get through度过；通过；联系上；完成
get around传开来 get back回来 get down to (doing) sth. 开始做
经典回顾:
①There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get _______.
A. between B. through C. across D. beyond
except prep.表示“除…外，（其余都）…”，其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语、不定式、从句。常与all，every，no, none, nothing 等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。
He answered all the questions except the last one.
除了最后一个问题外，所有的问题他都回答了。
She doesn’t do anything except sit and watch TV. 除了坐着看电视外，她什么也不做。
It was a good hotel except that it was rather noisy. 这家旅馆还不错，只可惜吵。
He usually goes to work by bicycle except when it rains.
除了下雨的时候，他通常骑自行车去上班。
except for 一般指整体中存在的不足，但整体是完美的，意为“除了……之外”或“只是……”。前后的名词往往不同类。
Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.
除了几处语法错误外，你的作文写得很好。
Except for an old lady, the bus was empty. 除了有一个老太太以外,这辆公共汽车是空的。
besides指“除.…….外还有”, 着重“另外还有”。
Besides English, they also study math, physics and chemistry
经典回顾:
② I know nothing about the young lady _____ she is from Beijing.
A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides
③ We need fifteen more people _____ our team to do the job.
A. but B. except C. except for D. besides
14. have … in common (with sb.)：(与某人)在……方面有共同之处
They have a lot in common．他们有许多共同点。
Though we have not much in common with each other, we get along quite well．
尽管我们没有很多相似之处，我们却相处得很好。
in common with与……一样
In common with many young people，he prefers pop songs．
和许多年轻人一样，他喜欢流行歌曲。
common adj．ordinary普通的，平常的
The pine tree is common all over the world．松树在世界各地都算是普通的树。
common, ordinary与 usual的区别:
(1) common 意思为“司空见惯的，不足为奇的”。
(2) ordinary 平常的，普通的，标准一般，无特别惊人的性质。
(3) usual 指经常，固定，重复发生，有一定的规律。
These flowers are common in spring．这些花在春天很常见，不足为奇。
He is an ordinary worker．他是位普通工人。
She came later than usual．她来得比平常晚一些。
经典回顾:
A new _____ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. (2007.天津)
A. normal B. usual C. regular D. common
take …as an example = take … for example以……为例
for example 例如
set an example to sb.= set sb. an example 为某人树立榜样
follow one’s example 学习某人，效仿某人
15. It does not make any difference if I am …
make a difference :有关系，有影响，有重要性
make a big/ a great deal of / a lot of difference 对某事产生巨大的影响或者作用
make no difference：没有关系，没有重要性
e.g. It will make a very big difference. 这将造成很大的差别。
It won't make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.
你今天去或明天去没有多大关系.
(2) feel one's way 盲人探着走 find one's way 找那个地方
make one's way 上路 push one's way 在人群中挤过去
elbow one’s way (through) 挤过（人群）
(3) run into = come across= run across 偶然遇到，偶然碰见
Step 3 Assignment
Review word power& Do a test to consolidate what Ss have learned in this period.
Postscripts:
Period Six Word power
Ⅰ.Teaching Aims:
1. Make sure students can know the different roles some words can have in different types of sentences.
2. Enable Ss to master the meanings of some words used to describe different kinds of weather.
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
Train Ss to guess and understand the meanings of the words according to the context and pictures.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods
Illustration, definition and translation.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids
A tape recorder and the multimedia.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures
Step 1 Revision
Check the homework assigned the day before.
Step 2 Brainstorming
Write down two sentences on the blackboard:
Once out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop.
“Here we are, King Street.” He stopped.
Which word has two meanings and two parts of speech
How many other words which have more than one part of speech can you think of
转化法
转化法-----词形不变，由一种词类转化为另一种或几种词类。（如：名词变为动词，动词变为名词，形容词变为名词，副词变为名词）转化法基本上不改变词形，只是在使用时改变词类。如：
It’s made by hand. (n. 这是手工做的)
Hand in your paper. (v. 上交你的试卷)
1. 名词变为动词:
picture 画 n. ---- 描绘 v. water 水 n. ---- 浇水 v.
image 影像 n. ---- 作图像 v. sample 样品 n.--- 取样 v.
hand 手 n .----- 递送 v. button 纽扣 n.----- 扣纽扣 v.
2.形容词变为动词:
correct 正确的 adj.---纠正 v. dry 干燥的 adj.--- 弄干 v.
wet 湿的 adj.--- 弄湿 v. empty 空的，空洞的adj.--- 倒空v.
correct 正确的 adj.---更正 v. last 过去的 adj.--- 持续 v.
3.动词变为名词:
try 试图 v. ----- 尝试n. break 打破，折断v ---- 破损，决裂 n.
lift 举起v---- 电梯 n. feed 喂 v.---- 一顿,一餐 n.
4. 形容词变为名词
native 本地的 adj.----native 本地人 n.
5.副词变为名词
up 在上 adv. --- 举起 抬高 v.
Step 3. Parts of speech
1. Ask students to read the speech bubbles on page 6. Make sure that they pay attention to the word rest and get them to describe the different meanings of it in different parts of speech. Then have them read the instructions for Part A.
2. Ask students first to complete the table in Part A individually and then to discuss in pairs the answers. Encourage students to make different sentence. Then check the answers with the whole class.
A Find the words listed below in the story and complete the table.
Part of speech Meaning Example
rest (line 16) (line 50) noun the remaining part He wants to see the rest of the world.
verb relax My mother told me to rest.
once (line 7)(line 42) conjunction when Once she finishes her work, she can help you.
adverb at sometime in the past I once lived in Beijing.
left (line 2)(line 43) verb (the past tense or past participle of ‘leave’)went/gone away from a person or a place I left for work earlier this morning.
adverb on the side of your body which is towards the west when you are facing north Look right and left before crossing the street.
still (line 5)(line 28) adverb continuing I’m still hungry though I’ve just had a big hamburger.
adjective not moving Can’t you sit still
Step 4 Practice
Ask students to complete part B according to the instructions. Then have one or two of them read the short report.
Step 5 Describing the weather
1. Ask students what words they use to describe different kinds of weather. Write down on the blackboard the word students say.
2. Ask students to practice reading in pairs the dialogue in Part A. They may look at the symbols in Part B for reference.
3. Have students first look at the symbols for different kinds of weather and then let them read the weather report in the first speech bubble.
4. Ask students to complete the second speech bubble by looking at the three pictures below it.
Step 6 Language points
1.Does anyone have an answer to the problem of global warning (Page 6 Part B)
[句法分析] an answer to the problem意为“问题的答案”，为介词，表示所属关系。
notes to the text课文的注释 the entrance to the hall通向大厅的入口
the key to the door门上的钥匙
经典回顾:
——How do you deal with the disagreements between the company and the customers
——The key _______the problem is to meet the demand ______by the customers.(2002.北京)
A. to solving; making B. to solving; made
C. to solve; making D. to solve; made
2. But I heard it was going to become cloudy this afternoon, followed by a thunderstorm. (Page 7 Part A)
followed by a thunderstorm是过去分词短语，在句中作方式状语。
过去分词短语在句中除作方式状语外，还可作时间、条件、原因，状语等。
Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. 从山顶上看，这座公园更美丽。
Given more time，we could do it better．多给点时间，我们会做得更好。
①过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在着被动关系。 ．
②分词作时间、原因或条件状语时，常位于句子的前面；作方式、伴随或结果状语时，常位于句子的后面。
③有些过去分词作状语时，没有被动意味，只是表示状态或动作的完成，相当于形容词的用法。常见的有dressed, lost, faced with, seated, located等。
Dressed in white，she looks really pretty．穿着白衣服，她看起来真美。
Lost in thought，he didn’t know what had happened．陷入了沉思，他不知道发生了什么事。
经典回顾:
_______by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.
A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven
Step6. Assignments
Review the grammar and usage--- noun clauses.
Postscripts:
Period Seven Grammar and usage (I)
Ⅰ.Teaching aims:
1. Make sure the students understand what the noun clauses are.
2. Ss should know the different use of noun clauses.
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
Noun clauses can be used as different parts in a sentence.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods
Generalization and transformation.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids
A tape recorder and the multimedia.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Introduction to noun clauses
What is noun
What is the use of noun
What is noun clause
Step 2 Presentation
Introduction to noun clauses
定义：名词性从句就是句子担任名词性的成分，相当于一个名词或名词短语，在复合句中可充当主语，宾语，表语和同位语。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一．主语从句
主语从句在复合句中充当主语，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。引导主语从句的词有连词that, if, whether, 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why等。例如：
1. Who will go is not important.
2. What we need is more time.
3. That she was chosen made us very happy.
4. Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided,
= It hasn’t been decided whether/ if we shall attend the meeting.
5. Why he did it wasn’t quite clear.
二．宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。也可以用it作为形式宾语，把真正的宾语从句则放在句尾。引导宾语从句的词有连词that, if, whether, 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why等。例如：
1. She did not know what had happened.
2. I wonder whether you can change this note for me.
3. She told me that she would accept my invitation.
4. Pay attention to what the teacher said.
5. We thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.
注意：1）当及物动词doubt接宾语从句，主句为肯定句时，用连词whether或if；当主句为否定或者疑问句时，用连词that。例如：
I don’t doubt that he will pass the test.
I doubt if he is honest.
2) 有关宾语从句的时态问题
1. 如果主句谓语为一般现在时和将来时，从句的谓语可根据需要用任何时态。例如：
I think he will be back in an hour.
Will you tell us how you managed to overcome the difficulties
2. 如果主句谓语为过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态，但宾语从句如果是客观事实或普遍真理，就不需要与主句的谓语相呼应，即从句谓语用一般现在时。
She said she had done her homework.
The teacher told the children that light travels faster than sound.
三．表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语，放在系动词之后。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。另外，常用的还有The reason why …is that… 和It is because 等结构。引导宾语从句的词有连词that, as if, whether, 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why等。例如：
1. The question is whether it is worth doing.
2. That is where he was born.
3. It looked as if it was going to snow.
4. The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
四．同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。它对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。常跟同位语从句的名词主要有：idea, news, fact, promise, belief, doubt, possibility, fear, hope, problem, word, suggestion, truth, feeling, thought, information等。引导同位语从句的词有连词that, whether, 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why等。例如：
1. I have no idea when he will be back.
2. There is a chance that the sick child will get well.
3. The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
4. The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
注意：
1）同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
Word came that our new teacher is coming tonight.
2). 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行具体内容的补充说明。例如：
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）
2) The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）
Step3 Consolidation.
翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。
1. What he wants is a book. 主语从句
2. It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together. 主语从句
3. I’m so glad that I can make friends with you. 宾语从句
4. This is why he did it. 表语从句
5. Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet 同位语从句
6. That he wants a book is certain. 主语从句
7. I suggested just now we (should) take part in this activity. 宾语从句
8. Whether you like him or not doesn’t matter too much. 主语从句
9. He doesn’t know whether you can sing it well. 宾语从句
10. The problem is whether you can sing it well. 表语从句
11. The problem whether it is right or wrong has not been decided. 同位语从句
12. Please tell me who your monitor is. 宾语从句
Step4 Assignment
1. Read the article on page 9 and underline all the noun clauses.
2. Finish C2 on page 92 of the workbook.
Postscripts:
Period Eight Grammar and usage (II)
Ⅰ.Teaching aims:
1. Make sure the students understand what the noun clauses are.
2. Ss should know the different use of noun clauses.
3. Learn to use conjunctions that, if/whether.
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
1. Noun clauses can be used as different parts in a sentence.
2. The use of that in subject clause and the different use of if and whether.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods
Generalization and transformation.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids
Learning material.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Revision.
1. Review the contents learned in the last lesson.
2. Check the answers to the homework.
Step 2 Presentation
Noun clauses beginning with that or if/whether
1. Ask the students to read Part 1, which is about using that to introduce a noun clause.
2. Have students read Part 2, which is about using if or whether to introduce a noun clause.
由that 或if/whether引导的名词性从句
(1) that引导名词性从句的情况：
①通常情况下，当从句部分是一个陈述句时，我们可以用that来引导名词性从句。此时的that在句中不担任句子成分，只起连接词的作用。
The fact is that I have never been there．事实是我从来没有去过那里。
I think that he’11 be all right soon．我相信他会很快好起来的。
②在大多数情况下，我们不能在介词之后跟上一个用that引导的宾语从句，但是，在介词in和except的后面可以跟上一个由that引导的宾语从句。
The problem lies in that he doesn’t work hard．问题在于他不努力学习。
I told him nothing except that you were my friend．
除了告诉他你是我的朋友之外，我什么也没说。
③that在引导主语从句或同位语从句时不能省略。在引导宾语从句或表语从句时，若出现在非正式文体中that可省略。
That he will come is certain．他要来的消息是正确的。(that不可省略)
I heard (that) you’ve passed the driving test．我听说你已通过了驾驶测试。
The truth is (that) the buses will not come． 实际情况是公共汽车不会来了。
(2) if／whether引导名词性从句时只用whether的情况：
① 与不定式连用时。
She is not sure whether to stay or not.
② 在介词的宾语从句。
She is not certain about whether she can pass the exam．
③ 动词discuss后的宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should attend the meeting.
④ 当与or not直接连用时
I want to know whether or not he will go with me．
Mary asked me whether/ if she should come or not.
⑤ 宾语从句置于主句之前时。
Whether he lives there, I want to know.
⑥ 主语从句置于句首时。
Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
⑦ 引导表语从句及同位语从句时。
What we want to know is whether whey will come.
There is some doubt whether Peter will be here on time.
注意：There is no doubt that Peter will be here on time.
1.关于名词性从句应该注意的几个问题
选择名词性从句引导词时，缺什么补什么，什么都不缺用that;当缺表物的主语、宾语、表语时常用what.
名词性从句应该用陈述语序。
He asked me where I was from.
whatever, whichever和whoever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。但是no matter what, no matter which 和no matter who等只能引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoever works hard will succeed.
Take whatever you want.
You may choose whichever you want in my shop.
No matter what/ Whatever the result is, I will try my best to finish it.
Step 3 Practice
Finish Part A and Part B on page 11 to consolidate noun clauses.
Step 4 Language points
1. Since it is believed that strong smells can affect the senses, volunteers were required not to eat or drink for 8 hours … （P9, Para 2）
It is/ was said/ reported/ believed/ thought/ known/ considered + that-clause 意为“据说/ 据报道/ 人们相信/ 大家认为/ 众所周知/ 人们认为……”
= People say/ believe/ think that-clause
= sb. be said/ reported/ believed/ thought/ known/ considered to do/ to have done
e.g.① It is reported that Chen Yifei died several days ago.
= The news reports that Chen Yifei died several days ago.
= Chen Yifei is reported to have died several days ago.
② It is thought that SHE is one of the best pop groups in China.
= People think that SHE is one of the best pop groups in China.
= SHE is thought to be one of the best pop groups in China.
经典回顾：
1) Alex is said ____ by heart 2,000 Chinese characters up to now.
A. that he has learned B. to have learned C. to learn D. having learned
2) The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ____ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. (07 辽宁)
A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to break
2. at the same time 同时
3.…whether the sense of smell is related to pain. They are curious about whether it is… (P9)
be related to 与……有关 be curious about 对……好奇
4. Now, they have become convinced that the sense of smell also helps. (P9, the last paragraph.)
convince vt. 使确信，是相信 convinced adj. 坚信，深信，确信
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. that从句
Your argument is too weak to convince me.
I am convinced of his honesty.
She convinced me that her father was innocent.
5. Scientists observe that making the most of our senses when we are young can keep us healthy later on in life． (P11, Part A)
[句法分析]scientists为主句主语，observe为谓语，that引导的是宾语从句。宾语从句的主语为making the most of our senses，can keep是谓语，us为宾语，healthy是形容词作宾语补足语，later on in life作时间状语，从句中含有一个when引导的时间状语从句.
make the most of：最大限度地利用
We should make the most of our limited time． 我们应该充分利用我们有限的时间。
[短语链接]
make full／good use of充分／好好利用 make the best of最好地利用
make better use of更好地利用
make use of sth．变为被动语态时，有两种结构：sth. be made use of或use be made of sth
later on 后来，以后
6．There was such a terrible snowstorm that I could hardly see．
[句法分析]本句使用了such…that…结构，that引导的是一个结果状语从句。
(1)用于引导结果状语从句，意为“如此…以至于…，其中such为形容词，修饰名词(单数、复数或不可数)。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke．
(2) such…that…引导的结果状语从句通常可以与so…that…引导的结果状语从句进行句型换，但so为副词，修饰形容词、副词，使用时要注意词的顺序。
He is such a tall man that he can almost reach the ceiling．
=He is so tall a man that he can almost reach the ceiling．
He ran so quickly that we couldn’t keep up with him．(不能用such)
(3)当名词被表示多少的tinny，much，little，few修饰时，用so，而不用such。
There was so little water left that only small children were given some．
They are such little birds that they can’t survive without help．
(4)so that常用来引导目的状语从句，此时常与情态动词can，could等连用。
They got up early so that they could catch the first bus．
经典回顾：
Pop music is such an important part of society ___ it has even influenced our language. (07.上海)
A. as B. that C. which D. where
Step5 Assignment
Finish the Ex in the learning material.
Postscripts:
Period Nine Task (1)
Asking for and giving advice
Ⅰ.Teaching aims:
1. Make sure the students understand what the noun clauses are.
2. Finish the Exercises about noun clauses.
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
How to make the Ss finish the exercises correctly.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods
Generalization and transformation.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids
Learning material.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures:
Step 1 Revision.
Review the usages of Noun Clauses.
Step 2 Exercises.
1. Having checked the doors were closed, and ____ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (07 湖南)
A. why B. that C. when D. where
2. _____ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. (2006·辽宁)
A What B Who C Whatever D Whoever
3. _____is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (2006·浙江)
A As B That C This D It
4. _____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. (2006·山东)
A No matter what B No matter which C Whatever D Whichever
5. ----- Could you do me a favor -----It depends on ___ it is. (2006·北京)
A which B whichever C what D whatever
6. We haven’t settled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad. (2006·江苏)
A if B where C whether D that
7. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ______ his teammates had done.
A what B. which C. why D. while (2006·上海)
8. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob That’s ____ the best jobs are. (2007·浙江)
A where B. what C. when D. why
9. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class_____ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. (2006·重庆)
A why B. that C where D. because
10. See the flags on top of the buildings That was _____we did this morning. (2006·全国)
A. when B. which C. where D. what
11. One advantages of playing the guitar is ____ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. (06·上海)
A. how B. why C. that D. when
12. It is none of your business _____other people think about you. Believe yourself. (2007·福建)
A how B. what C. which D when
13._____fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
A. What B. That C. This D. Which
14. It worried him a lot _____ his young son wandered in big cities and found no job.
A. for B. it C. that D. while
15. _____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted by university.
A What; because B That; because C That; what D What; that
16. The news _____is spreading around the airport is _____ a big snowstorm will come attacking.
A which; which B /; that C that; which D that; that
17. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _____it is. (2007·天津)
A what B which C how D where
18. _____parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. （07陕西）
A That B Which C What D As
19. These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever
20. We should consider the students’ request ____ the school library provide more books on popular science. (09 重庆)
A. that B. when C. which D. where
21. _____ matters most in learning English is enough practice. (07 全国2)
A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which
22. _____ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. (07 上海)
A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where
23. Could I speak to ____ is in charge of International Sales, please (07山东)
A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who
24. When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.
A. what B. why C. whom D. which (08湖南)
25. The last time we had great fun was ____ we were visiting the Water Park. (08 天津)
A. where B. how C. when D. why
26. It has been proved ____ eating vegetables in childhood helps you to protect you against illness in later life. （08 上海）
A. if B. because C. when D. that
27. ____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (08 福建)
A. It B. What C. As D. Which
28. ____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (08 浙江)
A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who
29. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea ____ the party is to be held (08 陕西)
A. what B. which C. that D. where
30. ____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. (08 山东)
A. It B. This C. What D. As
答案:BADDC CAABD CBBCD DACAA ABCAC DBCDC
Step 3 Homework
Review the usage of Noun Clause and preview Task.
Postscripts:
Period Ten Task (2)
Reading for the main point
Ⅰ.eaching Aims:
1. Make Ss know the chain of a story.
2. Train Ss’ ability of telling a story effectively by using pictures with speech bubbles.
3. Improve Ss’ ability of writing a story by using adjectives and adverbs.
4. Students will learn how to plot a story, prepare a surprise ending and improve the language for storytelling .
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
1. Make sure Ss know the importance of adjectives and adverbs in the story.
2. Enable Ss to write a story correctly.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods
Listening.
Discussion and task-based activities.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids
A tape recorder and the multimedia.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures
Step 1 Revision
1. Check homework.
2. Do some exercises to revise the noun clauses.
Step 2 Skills building 1: Plotting a story
1. Do you like stories and what kinds do you prefer
Suggested answers: science fiction, love story, detective story, historical story, etc
2. The definition of plot:
The chain of events in a story is called the plot. A plot tells what happens to the characters in a story.
3. What are the common elements in a story
Start: beginning, who, where, when, why
Body: middle, come across the problem
Ending: end, how to solve the problem
Finish the Part A &Part B to consolidate the skills.
4. Step 1 completing a checklist
1). Ask students to read part A on page 13. They need to know what they have been asked to do and what information they should get when listening to the tape. Have them complete the checklist individually, and then ask them to check their answers with their partners to see if they have the same answers. The class can listen to the recording again if necessary.
2). Ask students to listen to the conversation and answer the questions in Part B. After they finish this part, let them check their answers with their partners to make sure that they have got the correct answers.
3).Tell students that they will write the beginning of the story using their answers in Part B.
Possible example:
It happened in this summer. One morning at about 10, Sandy and her classmates went to the museum together with their teachers, because they had a class project about art and history. They got there by school bus. When they arrived at the museum, Sandy and her partner Li Feifei were so busy looking around that they got lost. So they ran about, trying to find their classmates. Luckily they saw their classmates and caught up with them.
Step 3 Skills building 2: identifying different elements of a comic strip
1. Present 4 pictures with bubbles and captions and explain them to students
Speech bubble: show what the character is saying
Thought bubble: show what the character is thinking
Sound bubble: show what the character is making
Caption: describe the state or action concerning the character
2. Make up a story effectively with these bubbles and caption and let them present their story.
3. Go through the comic strip and label the different ways of adding words (speech, thought,
sound and caption)
Read the guidelines and write the correct bubbles and complete the captions for each picture.
4. Step2: preparing a story with a surprise ending
1) Ask students to read the guidelines on page 15 and make sure that they know what they need to do. Ask them to first work individually and then to check their answers with their partners. If they have different answers, have them discuss which answer is better.
2) In pairs, ask students to work out a surprise ending from the five pictures given in Part A. They should draw a picture, write a caption and add thought, speech or sound bubbles where necessary. Encourage students to use their imagination and create any ending which is surprising. Choose some students’ pictures and show them to the whole class. Ask students to decide which is the best picture with a surprise ending.
3) Note: 从学生的作品中选出一幅作为样品
Step 4 Homework
1. Ask Ss to write a story.
2. Ask students to read the story of Part A in Writing on page 97 of the Workbook
3. Find out the difficult points in Project.
Postscripts:
Period Eleven Task (3)
Planning a letter of reply
Ⅰ.Teaching Aims:
1. Improve Ss’ ability of writing a story by using adjectives and adverbs.
2. Students will learn how to plot a story, prepare a surprise ending and improve the language for storytelling .
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
1. Make sure Ss know the importance of adjectives and adverbs in the story.
2. Enable Ss to write a story correctly.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods
Discussion and task-based activities.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids
A tape recorder and the multimedia.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures
Step 1 Greetings
Greet the students as usual.
Step 2 Skills building 3: using adjectives and adverbs in stories.
1. Why do we use these words in a story and how
2. Read the guideline of how to use adj. &adv
Adjectives:
to describe a person or thing.
to express physical and other qualities, our feelings and views
to express origin, necessity, frequency and degree of certainty
Adverbs:
to add more information to a verb, an adjective, a phrase or another adverb.
to express place, time, frequency, degree, manner and viewpoints.
to make comments, concentrate on a certain word or phrase and link clauses or sentences.
3. Complete the exercise on Page 16 to consolidate the skills.
Step 3 Improving your story
1. Have students read the guidelines in Part A on page 17. Ask them to go over the adjectives and adverbs given in the box. Guide them to point out which words are adjectives and which are adverbs. Ask them to first fill in the blanks with the words in the box, and then write the last paragraph of the story using the sixth picture they drew in Step 2.
2. Ask students to think about what good storytellers will do to make others interested and willing to listen to them. Ask students to read the guidelines in Part B. Have them work in pairs to practice telling the story they have just finished. Then ask some students to present their stories in class. The whole class should decide who is the best storyteller.
3．Ask students how to tell your stories vividly and then finish Part B on page17. They can do Part
B as homework.
Possible example:
All of a sudden, a bell ringing, Sandy woke up and found herself sitting on a chair. She could see people were leaving. To her great surprise, she saw a big, red apple in her left hand and some beautiful flowers in her right hand. She knew it was time for the museum to close and she had to leave. But her classmates and her teachers were nowhere in sight.
Step 4 Language points
1. Now he’s no longer hungry，nor am I!（Page 14）
so + 助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 +主语 表示上述肯定情况也适用于该主语。
I have seen the film twice. So has my elder sister.
neither / nor +助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 +主语 表示上述否定情况也适用于该主语。
I don’t go to school today. Neither / nor does he.
it is the same with + 名词 / 代词宾格 或 so it is with +名词 / 代词宾格 表示上述（肯定 和否定的混合或没有统一的助动词情况）也适用于该主语。
Tom is a good student and he does well in his studies. It is the same with / so it is with John.
so +主语 +助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 表示对上述情况的赞同
--- Tom does speak Japanese well.
--- So he does and so do you
主语+ 动词 +so 表示做了前文所述的事情 He asked me to stay at home and I did so.
经典回顾：
①-----My room gets very cold at night. (2007.江苏)
-----________.
A. So is mine. B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does
②Mary never does any reading in the evening, _______. (NMET 2005)
A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John
③-----Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.
----- _______ and so did I. (2005·安徽)
A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she
④----- Father, you promised!
----- Well, _______. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first. (2005·湖北)
A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did
⑤If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party,_________. (NMET 2007)
A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will
⑥Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and________.(2008辽宁)
A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was neither D. either was I
2. Mr Liu Weihai is making good progress! （Page 16）
make progress
(1)取得进步，取得进展
Tom is now making much progress at schoo1．汤姆现在在学校进步很大。
(2) (向某地)前进，行进
We made no progress in the heavy snow．我们无法在大雪中前进。
in progress在进行中
No talking, examination is in progress．不要说话，考试正在进行。
经典回顾：
Tom has made _____ rapid progress recently, which makes his parents very glad.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. Various methods will be applied to help the patient’s hand get strong. （Page 16）
apply vt.① 应用；实施；使用。要表示“将...运用到...”，通常用介词 to。
We decided to apply a new method. 我们决定使用新方法。
In this way we can better apply theory to practice.
这样我们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。
② 敷用；涂；使…接触（to）：apply a paste to a wound 在伤口上敷用膏药
③ 专心；注意 apply oneself / one’s mind to sth./ doing sth 致力于,专心于
vi ① 适用(于),通常用介词 to(不能用 for)：
The rule doesn’t apply in all cases. 此规则并非适用于所有的情形。
The book does not apply to beginners. 这书不适合于初学者。
② 申请；请求
apply for a job 求职 apply to do sth. 申请做… apply to sb. for sth 向…申请….
More than 30 people applied for the position. 有30多个人申请这个职位。
He applied to stay there. 他申请留在那儿。
He applied to us for help. 他向我们求援。
派生词
n. application 申请；申请书；申请表（application form）应用；适用；敷用；用功，专心
n. applicant 申请人，应征者
adj. applied 应用的；实用的applied science 应用科学
4．She was so tired that she had to find a chair to sit on．（Page 17）
[句法分析]此句为so…that…句型，表示“如此……以至于……"之意。find a chair to sit on中，to sit on为不定式作定语，修饰其前的名词chair。
①动词不定式作定语往往后置，且与被修饰的词之间存在动宾关系、主谓关系、同位关系或修饰关系，若动词不定式是不及物动词时，应在动词后加上适当的介词。
Do you have anything to say for yourself 你还有为自己想说的话吗 (动宾关系)
I have no wish to quarrel with you．我不想与你争吵。(同位关系)
This is the best way to do that．这是做那件事最好的方法。(修饰关系)
The girl has nothing to worry about．(about不要遗漏)这女孩没什么可担心的。
②先行词被序数词、形容词最高级限定时，其后用不定式作定语，而不用现在分词。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave. (主谓关系)
他总是第一个来，最后一个走。
This is the best article to appear in the newspaper this year．
不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：
1)不定式作表语形容词的状语，与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式要用主动形式表示被动意义。
The question is easy to answer.
English is easy to learn.
2)不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动表示被动意义。
She has s lot of homework to do.
That morning they had nothing to eat.
注意：有时候既可用主动形式也可以用被动形式，但意思不太一样。
Have you any clothes to wash 你有衣服要洗吗？（洗衣服的人是“你”）
Have you any clothes to be washed
你有要洗的衣服吗？（洗衣服的人是“我”或者“别人”，不是“你”）
3) there be 结构中，说话人考虑的是必须要有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式；说话
人强调的是事情本身必须要完成时，则用被动形式。
There is a lot of work to do. (Somebody has to do the work)
There is a lot of work to be done. (The work has to be done)
经典回顾：
1. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ____. (2007·浙江)
A to be heard B to have heard C hearing D being heard
2. ----The last one _______pays the meal.
----Agreed!
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
Homework
1. Ask Ss to write a story.
2. Ask students to read the story of Part A in Writing on page 97 of the Workbook
3. Find out the difficult points in Project.
Postscripts:
Period Twelve Project
Growing pains
Producing a TV show
Ⅰ.Teaching Aims:
1. Improve Ss’ ability of writing.
2. Get Ss to cooperate with others.
3. Encourage the students to work out a TV show working together in English.
Ⅱ.Teaching important and difficult points:
1. Know the general idea of the passage.
2. Make sure Ss know how to write an interesting story.
Ⅲ.Teaching methods
Reading and task-based activities.
Ⅳ.Teaching aids
A tape recorder and the multimedia.
Ⅴ.Teaching procedures
Step 1 Revision and Lead-in.
As we all know, people have senses. Animals have senses too. Animals have developed their own unique senses to survive their environment over the long process of evolution. Have you ever seen the film “Jaws” If yes, what do you think of the film
…
Step 2 Reading
Skim the passage and choose the best answer.
1. From the passage, we can know that _____.
A. there are about 400 different types of sharks attacking human beings
B. sharks mainly feed on human beings.
C. the tiger shark is among the most dangerous sharks.
D. there is 30 times greater chance of being attacked by a shark than being hit by lightning.
2. Which of the following types of shark attacks is/ are probably deadly
A. The main type B. The second type C. The third type D. Both B and C
3. What should we do to avoid being attacked by a shark according to the writer
A. Swimming in the dark. B. Swimming even if you are cut or have a fresh wound.
C. Wearing bright clothing or jewellery. D. Try and stay in groups when swimming.
4. Why have shark attacks been increasing recently
A. Because water sports are becoming more popular.
B. Because the water is polluted seriously.
C. Because more and more people want to kill sharks.
D. Because sharks begin to like feeding on human beings.
5. Which of the following is NOT the tips on dealing with shark attacks given by the author
A. Do not panic. B. Hit the shark on the nose.
C. Hit the shark on the back. D. Stick your finger in the shark’s eye.
Suggested answers: C D D A C
Step 3 Language points
Deal with some language points for Ss to understand the article better.
1. Contrary to what many people may assume, … (P18, L11)
contrary adj. 相反的 n. 相反的事实或情况
contrary to 与……相反 quite the contrary 恰恰相反
on the contrary 正相反 to the contrary 意思相反的
Contrary to popular belief, the desert can be a beautiful place..
It wasn’t a good thing; on the contrary it was a huge mistake.
Unless there is evidence to the contrary, we ought to believe them.
2. …sharks usually avoid large numbers of people. (L44)
avoid vt 避开，避免, 后接n. , pron. 或v-ing
They went away, avoiding an argument. 他们离开了，避免了一场争论。
The book will tell you how to avoid getting ill while traveling.
avoidable adj. 可避开的，可防止的
avoidance n. 回避，避开，避免
英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类动词有：
避免错过少延期avoid, miss, put off
建议完成多练习suggest/ advise, finish, practice
喜欢想象禁不住enjoy, imagine, can’t help
承认否定与妒忌admit, deny, envy
逃避冒险莫原谅escape, risk, excuse
忍受保持不介意stand, keep, mind等
3. Stick your finger in the shark’s eye. (L54)
stick n 小树枝，枝条；手杖，拐杖
The old man supported himself with a walking stick.老人用手杖支撑自己。
vt 刺，戳，插；粘，粘住，贴上；卡住
Please stick a stamp on the envelope.请在信封上贴上邮票。
TM3 Unit 1 The world of our senses学案
Period 1 Welcome to the unit
Step1. Brainstorming
1. With what do we see and hear
2. How do we know whether a dish is delicious
3. How do we know that a flower has a pleasant smell
4. What do we do when we want to know whether the water in the basin is hot or cold
5. How do we know about the world around us
Step2 Presentation
1. What would happen if you lost one or two of your senses
2. Do you know how blind people can read
3. How do the deaf communicate with each other
4. What sense does a blind man use the most in his daily life
Step4 Language points
1. Sometimes senses affect one another.
sense
(1).n .感觉
He had a sense that the meeting was very important. 他感觉到这次会议很重要。
a sense of justice/direction/humor /safety/beauty/responsibility/guilt/honor
正义感,方向感,幽默感,安全感,美感,责任感,罪恶感,荣誉感
(2).n 意义,价值 make sense 讲得通;能被理解;有道理
make sense of 了解…的意义,懂得…
There is no sense in doing …没意义, 没用, 没道理
have a sense of有…的感觉 have no sense of 没有…感觉/意思
(3) n.理性,理智(常用复数)
The fresh air made her come to her senses again. 新鲜的空气使她又清醒过来。
lose one’s senses 失去知觉 in one’s senses精神正常
out of one’s senses 神智失常;失去理性
bring sb to one’s senses 使某人清醒过来 come to one’s senses 恢复理智,恢复知觉
(4)vt 察觉;感觉到;意识到
She sensed that her teacher was thinking. 她感觉到了她的老师在想什么。
The dog sensed danger and barked. 那只狗意识到危险后吠叫起来。
经典回顾：
① I am sure David will be able to find the library ---– he has a pretty good _____of direction. (2005.浙江)
A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense
② I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any_____ to me. (04.上海春招)
A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance
affect
(1).vt 影响
The climate affected the amount of the rainfall. 气候影响了降雨量。
(2) vt 使某人产生强烈的感情,使感动，激起悲伤、愤怒、爱等情绪
We were all deeply affected by the news of her death. 她去世的消息使我们深感悲痛。.
affect 与effect的区别:
affect 主要用作动词,意为“影响” (= have an effect on)，
effect作名词用, 意思是“效果，作用，影响”指affect(影响)的结果;
作为动词用,意思是“产生,招致，实现”
His invention will have a great pushing effect on production．
The heavy rain effected the change in temperature．
Smoking affects health. 吸烟影响健康。
(3) have/ produce effects／an effect on对……有影响
What effects do you think the changes in temperature will have on crops
side effect 副作用 come into effect/ take effect 生效
be of no effect 无效 cause and effect 因果
[链接] effective adj．有效的
They have taken effective measures to stop pollution．
经典回顾：
The new law has come into _____; surely it will have ____ on industry of the country.
A. affect ; an effect B. effect; affect
C. effect; an effect D. an effect; an effect
2. However, even if we have good senses, they can still confuse us.
even if =even though,是连词词组,用来引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管,即使”,若主句和从句都表示将来的情况, even if从句可用一般现在时代替将来时。
I’ll help you, even if I don’t sleep for a night. 即使我一夜不睡觉，也要帮助你。
Even if I leave now, I’ll be too late. 即使我现在出发，也已经太晚了。
经典回顾：
①. Most of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _____they knew it to be valuable. (07.浙江)
A .as if B .now that C. even though D. so that
②. There was never any time for Kate to feel lonely, _______she was an only child.（05.辽宁）
A. ever since B. now that C. even as D. even though
Period 2 Reading
Step1: Revision and Lead-in
What’s the weather usually like in spring in your hometown
Which season do you think is the best Why
Do we sometime have foggy days here When How do you feel on a foggy day
Have you ever lost your way in the fog What would you do if you got lost in the fog
Which city has the name of “foggy city”
Step2: Reading
1. Go through the passage as quickly as you can and try to find answers to the four questions in part A.
2. Read the passage again and complete parts C1and C2.
Step 6: Assignments
1. Finish A1 and A2 on Page 90 of the Workbook.
2. Retell the story in your own words. 3. Find out the difficult points in the passage.
Period 3 &4 Language Points
Step1 Revision: Retell the story
Step2 Useful words and phrases
1．When Polly left home that morning, …(P2, L2)
when conj
(1)at the time that当……的时候
She was beautiful when she was a girl．她年轻的时候长得很美。
(2)as soon as一……就……
We will stand up when the teacher comes in．老师一进来我们就起立。
(3)=if如果(与现在时连用)
Call me at once when anything goes wrong with the machine．如果机器发生故障，立刻叫我。
(4)=although虽然，然而,可是
He walks when he might ride. 他虽有车可坐，却还是步行。
(5)= since; considering that既然；考虑到
Why did you write in pencil when you know you should write in pen
(6)=and then在那时，然后；那时(突然发生了什么事)(用作并列连词)
was/ were doing…when… 正在做……这时……
was/ were about to do sth. when 刚要做某事这时……
was/ were on the point of doing sth．when．．．刚要做某事这时……
Hardly/ Scarcely had sb. done…when.．． 一……就……
注意：when从句中用一般过去时
经典回顾：
①．---Where’s that report
---I brought it to you ______ you were in Mr. Blacks office yesterday. (2007.北京)
A. if B. when C. because D. before
②． How can you expect to learn anything _______you never listen (2006.山东)
A .in case B. even if C. unless D. when
2. Once (she was)out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop. (P2, L7)
在英语中，在when, while, as, until, if, once, unless等从属连词引导的状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同，或者主语是it，而且谓语动词(含有)be时，通常可把从句的主语和be动词一起省略.
When (you are) crossing the street, you must be careful.
If (I am) invited, I’ll attend the party.
You can turn to him for help if ( it is) necessary.
经典回顾:
① When______ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. (2006·浙江)
A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared
② Generally speaking, _____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken
3. The truth is that it is too foggy for the bus to run that far. (P2, Lines 10-11)
★这句话中有两个that,第一个that为连词，引导表语从句；第二个that 为副词，意为“那么”，相当于so,可以修饰形容词。This也有此用法。见下文第53行，a fog this bad is rare.
I didn’t expect he was that rude.
Please cut my hair about this much.
★本句中too+ adj./ adv.+ to do sth.意为“太……而不能”，表示否定意义。若句子的主语是不定式的逻辑主语，不定式则用主动形式表示被动含义；若句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语，不定式也用主动形式。结构“…enough to do”也有类似的用法。
The problem is too difficult for me to work out.
I’ve been too busy to find time to answer that letter.
但是在下列情况中“too…to…”结构表示肯定意义。
①某些表示心情的形容词，如ready, glad, pleased, surprised, delighted, happy, easy, eager, anxious等，和表示描述性的形容词，如good, kind, true等，与“too…to…”结构连用表示肯定意义，在此结构中，too相当于very/ very much.
He was too surprised to see how angry Mary was.
They seemed to be nervous and were too anxious to leave.
②在too前有only, but, all, simply, just等词修饰时，“too…to…”结构表示肯定意义。此时too带有赞赏的感彩。
She will be only too pleased too help you.
③当“too…to…”结构与never, not连用时，即(can) never/not +动词+too+形容词/副词(+不定式)，表示肯定意义，意为“不至于过度；无论……也不会过分，越……越好”。
You cannot praise Einstein too much.
English is not too difficult to learn.
经典回顾：
1). The little girl couldn’t work the problem out. She wasn’t ______ clever.
A. that B. much C. enough D. too
2). This man is too hard _____.
A. deal with B. to be dealt with C. to deal with D. dealing with
3). This stone is too heavy _____.
A. to carry B. to be carried C. carry D. for carry
4). I have enough books for you _____.
A. to choose B. to choose from C. to be chosen D. choosing
4．As Polly observe the passengers on the train, she had a feeling that she was …(L14)
⑴ 句中as用作连词，意为“当……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。主句中的feeling后接一个由that引导的同位语从句，对feeling加以详细说明。
⑵ observe vt. 观察，注意到，看到
感官动词，后常跟“宾语+宾补”的情况，宾补通常为不带to的不定式，v-ing，和done.下文的she heard the sound of footsteps approaching (L21), Polly felt a rough hand brush her cheek (L23), she heard a man’s voice in her ear saying ‘Sorry’ (L24), 以及She could feel her heart beating with fear(L25).都是类似的用法。
The policeman observed the man open／opening the window．
那个警察看到那个人打开了／正在打开窗户。(前者意为“看到打开窗户的全过程”；后者意为“看到正在打开窗户”)
They were observed to enter／entering the bank．(被动语态中不能省略to)
他们被注意到进了／正在进入银行。
We observed that it had turned cloudy．我们看到天已转阴。
◆observe, look, watch , see 与notice的区别：
observe 观察，从不同的角度长时间地看并研究；
look看；因想看而投注目光，不管结果如何；
watch看，观看；特别留意，感兴趣地看着运动着的东西；
see看到，看见；强调看的结果，有意或无意地看到，无进行时；
notice 看到，注意到，察觉到；偶尔看到细小但可能是重要的事情。
He observed the stars all his life． 他一生致力于观察星象。
He is looking at the picture on the wall． 他正在看墙上的画。
Our family are watching TV． 我们一家人正在看电视。
Do you notice anything unusual 你觉察出有异样的情况吗
经典回顾：
(1) They ____ the train until it disappeared in the distance.
A. saw B. watched C. noticed D. observed
(2) He was observed _____ of his watch.
A. rob B. to rob C. robbed D. robbing
(3) The woman was observed _____ him close.
A. to follow B. followed C. have followed D. follow
5．While the rest of the passengers were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. The tall man was nowhere to be seen. (P2, L16-17)
⑴ rest n 其他,其余;休息
the rest(of)：剩余，其余的人或物
He lived here for the rest of his life．他在此度过了他的余生。
You can eat up the rest of the meal．你可以把剩下的食物吃光。
①of之后如果是可数名词的复数形式，则视为复数；如果是不可数名词时，则视为单数。
②单独使用the rest时，所指的如果为可数名词，则视为复数；指不可数名词时，则视为单数。
These books are mine；the rest(of the books) are Tom’s．
I’ll have this piece of bread；the rest(of the bread) is yours．
类似the rest这种用法的短语的还有most of, part of, half of, all of, percent of等.
Most of the people there are farmers.那里大多数人是农民。
Most of Tom’s homework was badly done.大部分家庭作业都做得很糟。
经典回顾：
①I have done much of the work. Could you please finish ________in two days (2004·辽宁)
A. the rest B. the other C. another D. the others
②I’ll take my share of money; the _____ yours.
A. other are B. other is C. rest are D. rest is
⑵ glance at 很快地看一眼，扫视 look at 看着（没有任何感彩）
glare at 由于愤怒而瞪着或怒视
stare at 由于好奇、无礼、傲慢而睁大眼睛凝望、盯着或瞪着看。
⑶nowhere adv.无处，到处都不
be nowhere to be seen/ found/ heard 哪儿也见/找/听不到
nowhere else没有别的地方
nowhere属于否定意义的副词，置于句首时，句子采用倒装语序。
Nowhere else have I ever seen such a nice sight．
经典回顾：
Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else ________ such a beautiful palace.
(2004·辽宁)
A．can you find B．you could find C．you can find D. could you find
6. There was no one in sight. Polly set off towards Park Street. (Lines 20-21)
★ in／within sight
(1)在视野内，看得见 (2)可能即将发生
When we got to the beach，there wasn’t a soul in sight．我们到达海滩时一个人也见不到。
Peace is now in sight．和平在望了。
[短语链接]
at first sight乍一看(之下) catch／have／get sight of看到，发现
on sight一看见就…… at the sight of一看见
out of sight在视野之外，看不见
Out of sight，out of mind．眼不见，心不烦。(谚)
I always faint at the sight of blood．我一看见血就要犯晕。
We fell in love with the cottage at first sight． 我们一见到那个小屋就喜欢上它了。
经典回顾：
①The_____ on his face told me that he was angry. (2004·湖北)
A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression
②For miles around me, there was nothing but a desert, without a single tree ____.
A. in sight B. on earth C. at a distance D. in place
★ set off 动身，出发，引爆，使爆炸；引起；激发
归纳拓展：
set an example to sb.= set sb. an example 为某人树立榜样
set sail for 起航去
set off for 动身去 They decided to set off for Beijing.
set out for 动身,出发
set out (to do) 开始；着手；打算
set about (doing) sth. 开始/着手（做）某事
set aside 把……放在一边；为……节省或保留；不理会；不顾；放弃；回绝
set fire to 点燃；生火 set up建立，树立 set foot in/ on登上；涉足；访问
经典回顾：
③ People in China like _____ fireworks to celebrate their most important festival----the Spring Festival.
A. setting off B. setting forth C. setting aside D. setting up
④ It’s ten years since the scientist _____ on his life’s work of discovering the valuable chemical.
A. made for B. set out C. took off D. turned up
7. She had wished for someone to come along. (Line 28)
wish vt. 盼望，想，想要
wish for…想要……；默默期盼…… wish sth．away希望(不愉快的事)自行消失
wish to do sth．期望做某事
wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事。注意：hope无此用法
wish sb +n祝愿某人 wish sb every success祝某人万事如意
It was as fine an afternoon as you could wish for． 这个下午是你想要的难得的晴朗天气。
Her only hope now was to wish for a miracle． 现在她的惟一希望是期盼有奇迹出现。
[特别提示] wish+ that从句（从句用虚拟语气）,用动词的过去式虚拟当时的情况，用过去完成式虚拟过去的情况，用“would+动词原形”虚拟将来的情况。
经典回顾：
(1) We all ____ you good luck in the coming exam.
A. hope B. expect C. wish D. want
(2) His wish that he _____ so many mistakes in yesterday’s exam is understandable.
A. didn’t make B. should not make C. doesn’t make D. hadn’t make
8. But fear held her still. (Line 28)
★句中hold 的意思是“使保持某种状态”，后常接形容词或副词，作宾语补足语。如：
Could you hold the door open for me, please 请替我把门拉着，好吗？
hold还有下面这些意义：
(1) 支持，拿住，握住 She’s holding the baby in her arms．她怀里抱着婴儿。
(2) 抑制，控制 We held our breath in fear．我们因害怕而屏住呼吸。
(3) 容纳，装 The hall can hold 200 people．这个大厅能容纳200人。
(4) 拥有，占有(金钱、土地、职位)
He holds a half share in the business．他拥有这家公司一半的股份。
(5) 保持，维持 His speech held their attention．他的演说吸引了他们的注意力。
短语：hold／keep back阻止；抑制；扣住，隐瞒 hold off使疏远或避开；推迟
hold on(to)抓住……不放；坚持；(打电话)不挂断
hold one’s breath屏住呼吸 hold up阻挡；使停顿
★still adj (1)静止的，不动的
Keep still while I fasten your shoes． 我替你系鞋带时，你不要动。
The sea was calm and still． 海上风平浪静。
(2)寂静的，无声的
The room was still at the end of the speech． 演讲过后，室内一片寂静。
adv 仍然，还；更；尽管如此
It’s raining; still I’d like to go. 天在下雨，可我还是想去。
经典回顾:
①We want to rent a bus which can _______40 people for our trip to Beijing. (2006.天津)
A. load B. hold C. fill D. support
②Although it was raining heavily, ____ they were working in the field.
A. but B. yet C. still D. both B and C
③Please keep _____ while I’m taking a photo of you.
A. quiet B. silent C. calm D. still
9. …a hand reached out and grasped her arm. (P3, Line 32)
reach out (for sth.) 伸出(手或胳膊)
above／beyond one’s reach (人的)手所不能及之处；(某人)能力所不能及之处
out of one’s reach 在(某人的)手所不能及之处
within one’s reach 在(某人的)手所能及之处；在力量所所及的范围
reach a decision／an agreement／a result 做出决定/达成协议/有结果
经典回顾:
This new model of car is so expensive that it is _____the reach of those with average incomes.
A. over B. within C. beyond D. below (06 江苏)
10. Polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard. (P3, Lines 32-33)
短语find oneself…的意思是“发现自己（做某事或处于某种状态）”，后常接现在分词或介词短语，指没有意料到的事或状态。如:
I suddenly found myself doing all the work alone.
When he came to, he found himself in hospital.
11. Thank you so much for coming to my aid. (P3, L50)
thank sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事感谢某人
come to one’s aid 来帮助某人 come to one’s defence 来保护某人
12. It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it's sunny．(Line 53)
★to pay back the help为不定式短语作定语修饰名词the chance；that people give me为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the help, that在从句中作give的宾语，可以省略，when引导时间状语从句。
有些名词后常用不定式作定语，如chance, way, opportunity, time等,另外在the first, the second, the last ,the only等词后常用不定式作定语。
The way to produce the most food is to let farmers grow crops.
I missed a good chance to give my opinion on it.我失去了对那件事提出意见的一个好机会。，
He’s the only person to know the truth．他是唯一了解真相的人。
★pay back 偿还；报答，报复 pay off 还清（债务）；得到好结果；获得成功
pay for 付……的钱
13. A blind person like me can’t get across the road without help, except in a fog. (Line 55)
★get across
(1)将(想法、信息等)传达给某人
Please get your ideas across to the students．请让学生们理解你的想法。
(2)使通过
The policeman is getting the children across the street． 那个警察正带领孩子们穿过马路。
get along／on with与……相处，进展 get behind落后 get together聚会
get over从……中恢复过来 get through度过；通过；联系上；完成
get around传开来 get back回来 get down to (doing) sth. 开始做
经典回顾:
①There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldn’t get _______.
A. between B. through C. across D. beyond
★except prep.表示“除…外，（其余都）…”，其后可接名词、代词、副词、介词短语、不定式、从句。常与all，every，no, none, nothing 等含有整体肯定或否定意义的词连用。
He answered all the questions except the last one.
除了最后一个问题外，所有的问题他都回答了。
She doesn’t do anything except sit and watch TV. 除了坐着看电视外，她什么也不做。
It was a good hotel except that it was rather noisy. 这家旅馆还不错，只可惜吵。
He usually goes to work by bicycle except when it rains.
except for 一般指整体中存在的不足，但整体是完美的，意为“除了……之外”或“只是……”。前后的名词往往不同类。
Your writing is good except for a few grammar mistakes.
除了几处语法错误外，你的作文写得很好。
Except for an old lady, the bus was empty. 除了有一个老太太以外,这辆公共汽车是空的。
besides指“除.…….外还有”, 着重“另外还有”。
Besides English, they also study math, physics and chemistry
经典回顾:
② I know nothing about the young lady _____ she is from Beijing.
A. except B. except for C. except that D. besides
③ We need fifteen more people _____ our team to do the job.
A. but B. except C. except for D. besides
14. Reading strategy
★have … in common (with sb.)：(与某人)在……方面有共同之处
They have a lot in common．他们有许多共同点。
Though we have not much in common with each other, we get along quite well．
尽管我们没有很多相似之处，我们却相处得很好。
in common with与……一样
In common with many young people，he prefers pop songs．
和许多年轻人一样，他喜欢流行歌曲。
common adj．ordinary普通的，平常的
The pine tree is common all over the world．松树在世界各地都算是普通的树。
common, ordinary与 usual的区别:
(1) common 意思为“司空见惯的，不足为奇的”。
(2) ordinary 平常的，普通的，标准一般，无特别惊人的性质。
(3) usual 指经常，固定，重复发生，有一定的规律。
These flowers are common in spring． 这些花在春天很常见，不足为奇。
He is an ordinary worker． 他是位普通工人。
She came later than usual． 她来得比平常晚一些。
经典回顾:
A new _____ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. (2007.天津)
A. normal B. usual C. regular D. common
★take …as an example = take … for example以……为例
for example 例如
set an example to sb.= set sb. an example 为某人树立榜样
follow one’s example 学习某人，效仿某人
15. Page 5 Part E
(1) It does not make any difference if I am …
make a difference :有关系，有影响，有重要性
make a big/ a great deal of / a lot of difference 对某事产生巨大的影响或者作用
make no difference：没有关系，没有重要性
e.g. It will make a very big difference. 这将造成很大的差别。
It won't make much difference whether you go today or tomorrow.
你今天去或明天去没有多大关系.
(2) feel one's way 盲人探着走 find one's way 找那个地方
make one's way 上路 push one's way 在人群中挤过去
elbow one’s way (through) 挤过（人群）
(3) run into = come across= run across 偶然遇到，偶然碰见
Step 3 Assignment
Review word power& Do a test to consolidate what Ss have learned in this period.
Period 5 Word power
Brainstorming
Once out in the street, she walked quickly towards her usual bus stop.
“Here we are, King Street.” He stopped.
Which word has two meanings and two parts of speech
How many other words which have more than one part of speech can you think of
转化法
转化法-----词形不变，由一种词类转化为另一种或几种词类。（如：名词变为动词，动词变为名词，形容词变为名词，副词变为名词）转化法基本上不改变词形，只是在使用时改变词类。如：
It’s made by hand. (n. 这是手工做的)
Hand in your paper. (v. 上交你的试卷)
1. 名词变为动词:
picture 画 n. ---- 描绘 v. water 水 n. ---- 浇水 v.
image 影像 n. ---- 作图像 v. sample 样品 n.--- 取样 v.
hand 手 n .----- 递送 v. button 纽扣 n.----- 扣纽扣 v.
2.形容词变为动词:
correct 正确的 adj.---纠正 v. dry 干燥的 adj.--- 弄干 v.
wet 湿的 adj.--- 弄湿 v. empty 空的，空洞的adj.--- 倒空v.
correct 正确的 adj.---更正 v. last 过去的 adj.--- 持续 v.
3.动词变为名词:
try 试图 v. ----- 尝试n. break 打破，折断v ---- 破损，决裂 n.
lift 举起v---- 电梯 n. feed 喂 v.---- 一顿,一餐 n.
4. 形容词变为名词
native 本地的 adj.----native 本地人 n.
5.副词变为名词
up 在上 adv. --- 举起 抬高 v.
Language points
1. Does anyone have an answer to the problem of global warning
(Page 6 Part B)
[句法分析] an answer to the problem意为“问题的答案”，为介词，表示所属关系。
notes to the text课文的注释 the entrance to the hall通向大厅的入口
the key to the door门上的钥匙
经典回顾:
——How do you deal with the disagreements between the company and the customers
——The key _______the problem is to meet the demand ______by the customers.(2002.北京)
A. to solving; making B. to solving; made
C. to solve; making D. to solve; made
2. But I heard it was going to become cloudy this afternoon, followed by a thunderstorm. (Page 7 Part A)
followed by a thunderstorm是过去分词短语，在句中作方式状语。
过去分词短语在句中除作方式状语外，还可作时间、条件、原因，状语等。
Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. 从山顶上看，这座公园更美丽。
Given more time，we could do it better．多给点时间，我们会做得更好。
①过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语，且与主语之间存在着被动关系。 ．
②分词作时间、原因或条件状语时，常位于句子的前面；作方式、伴随或结果状语时，常位于句子的后面。
③有些过去分词作状语时，没有被动意味，只是表示状态或动作的完成，相当于形容词的用法。常见的有dressed, lost, faced with, seated, located等。
Dressed in white，she looks really pretty．穿着白衣服，她看起来真美。
Lost in thought，he didn’t know what had happened．陷入了沉思，他不知道发生了什么事。
经典回顾:
_______by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.
A. Driven B. Being driven C. To drive D. Having driven
Step6. Assignments
Review the grammar and usage--- noun clauses.
Period 6 Grammar and usage (1)
Introduction to noun clauses
定义：名词性从句就是句子担任名词性的成分，相当于一个名词或名词短语，在复合句中可充当主语，宾语，表语和同位语。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一．主语从句
主语从句在复合句中充当主语，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。引导主语从句的词有连词that, if, whether, 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why等。例如：
1. Who will go is not important.
2. What we need is more time.
3. That she was chosen made us very happy.
4. Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided,
= It hasn’t been decided whether/ if we shall attend the meeting.
5. Why he did it wasn’t quite clear.
二．宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。也可以用it作为形式宾语，把真正的宾语从句则放在句尾。引导宾语从句的词有连词that, if, whether, 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why等。例如：
1. She did not know what had happened.
2. I wonder whether you can change this note for me.
3. She told me that she would accept my invitation.
4. Pay attention to what the teacher said.
5. We thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.
注意：1）当及物动词doubt接宾语从句，主句为肯定句时，用连词whether或if；当主句为否定或者疑问句时，用连词that。例如：
I don’t doubt that he will pass the test.
I doubt if he is honest.
2) 有关宾语从句的时态问题
1. 如果主句谓语为一般现在时和将来时，从句的谓语可根据需要用任何时态。例如：
I think he will be back in an hour.
Will you tell us how you managed to overcome the difficulties
2. 如果主句谓语为过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态，但宾语从句如果是客观事实或普遍真理，就不需要与主句的谓语相呼应，即从句谓语用一般现在时。
She said she had done her homework.
The teacher told the children that light travels faster than sound.
三．表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语，放在系动词之后。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。另外，常用的还有The reason why …is that… 和It is because 等结构。引导宾语从句的词有连词that, as if, whether, 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why等。例如：
1. The question is whether it is worth doing.
2. That is where he was born.
3. It looked as if it was going to snow.
4. The reason why he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
四．同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。它对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。常跟同位语从句的名词主要有：idea, news, fact, promise, belief, doubt, possibility, fear, hope, problem, word, suggestion, truth, feeling, thought, information等。引导同位语从句的词有连词that, whether, 连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose和疑问副词when, where, how, why等。例如：
1. I have no idea when he will be back.
2. There is a chance that the sick child will get well.
3. The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
4. The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
注意：
1）同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
Word came that our new teacher is coming tonight.
2). 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行具体内容的补充说明。例如：
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）
2) The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）
Consolidation.
翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。
1. What he wants is a book.
2. It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.
3. I’m so glad that I can make friends with you.
4. This is why he did it.
5. Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet
6. That he wants a book is certain.
7. I suggested just now we (should) take part in this activity.
8. Whether you like him or not doesn’t matter too much.
9. He doesn’t know whether you can sing it well.
10. The problem is whether you can sing it well.
11. The problem whether it is right or wrong has not been decided.
12. Please tell me who your monitor is.
Assignment
1. Read the article on page 9 and underline all the noun clauses.
2. Finish C2 on page 92 of the workbook.
Period 7 Grammar and usage (2)
★由that 或if/whether引导的名词性从句
(1) that引导名词性从句的情况：
①通常情况下，当从句部分是一个陈述句时，我们可以用that来引导名词性从句。此时的that在句中不担任句子成分，只起连接词的作用。
The fact is that I have never been there．事实是我从来没有去过那里。
I think that he’11 be all right soon．我相信他会很快好起来的。
②在大多数情况下，我们不能在介词之后跟上一个用that引导的宾语从句，但是，在介词in和except的后面可以跟上一个由that引导的宾语从句。
The problem lies in that he doesn’t work hard．问题在于他不努力学习。
I told him nothing except that you were my friend．
除了告诉他你是我的朋友之外，我什么也没说。
③that在引导主语从句或同位语从句时不能省略。在引导宾语从句或表语从句时，若出现在非正式文体中that可省略。
That he will come is certain．他要来的消息是正确的。(that不可省略)
I heard (that) you’ve passed the driving test．我听说你已通过了驾驶测试。
The truth is (that) the buses will not come． 实际情况是公共汽车不会来了。
(2) if／whether引导名词性从句时只用whether的情况：
① 与不定式连用时。
She is not sure whether to stay or not.
② 在介词的宾语从句。
She is not certain about whether she can pass the exam．
③ 动词discuss后的宾语从句。
We discussed whether we should attend the meeting.
④ 当与or not直接连用时
I want to know whether or not he will go with me．
Mary asked me whether/ if she should come or not.
⑤ 宾语从句置于主句之前时。
Whether he lives there, I want to know.
⑥ 主语从句置于句首时。
Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
⑦ 引导表语从句及同位语从句时。
What we want to know is whether whey will come.
There is some doubt whether Peter will be here on time.
注意：There is no doubt that Peter will be here on time.
2. 关于名词性从句应该注意的几个问题
★ 选择名词性从句引导词时，缺什么补什么，什么都不缺用that;当缺表物的主语、宾语、表语时常用what.
★ 名词性从句应该用陈述语序。
He asked me where I was from.
★ whatever, whichever和whoever既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。但是no matter what, no matter which 和no matter who等只能引导让步状语从句。如：
Whoever works hard will succeed.
Take whatever you want.
You may choose whichever you want in my shop.
No matter what/ Whatever the result is, I will try my best to finish it.
Step3 Practice
Finish Part A and Part B on page 11 to consolidate noun clauses.
Step4 Language points
1. Since it is believed that strong smells can affect the senses, volunteers were required not to eat or drink for 8 hours … （P9, Para 2）
It is/ was said/ reported/ believed/ thought/ known/ considered + that-clause 意为“据说/ 据报道/ 人们相信/ 大家认为/ 众所周知/ 人们认为……”
= People say/ believe/ think that-clause
= sb. be said/ reported/ believed/ thought/ known/ considered to do/ to have done
e.g.① It is reported that Chen Yifei died several days ago.
= The news reports that Chen Yifei died several days ago.
= Chen Yifei is reported to have died several days ago.
② It is thought that SHE is one of the best pop groups in China.
= People think that SHE is one of the best pop groups in China.
= SHE is thought to be one of the best pop groups in China.
经典回顾：
1) Alex is said ____ by heart 2,000 Chinese characters up to now.
A. that he has learned B. to have learned C. to learn D. having learned
2) The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ____ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. (07 辽宁)
A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to break
2. at the same time 同时
3. …whether the sense of smell is related to pain. They are curious about whether it is … (P9)
be related to 与……有关 be curious about 对……好奇
4. Now, they have become convinced that the sense of smell also helps. (P9, the last paragraph.)
convince vt. 使确信，是相信 convinced adj. 坚信，深信，确信
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. that从句
Your argument is too weak to convince me.
I am convinced of his honesty.
She convinced me that her father was innocent.
5. Scientists observe that making the most of our senses when we are young can keep us healthy later on in life． (P11, Part A)
[句法分析]scientists为主句主语，observe为谓语，that引导的是宾语从句。宾语从句的主语为making the most of our senses，can keep是谓语，us为宾语，healthy是形容词作宾语补足语，later on in life作时间状语，从句中含有一个when引导的时间状语从句.
make the most of：最大限度地利用
We should make the most of our limited time． 我们应该充分利用我们有限的时间。
[短语链接]
make full／good use of充分／好好利用 make the best of最好地利用
make better use of更好地利用
make use of sth．变为被动语态时，有两种结构：sth. be made use of或use be made of sth
later on 后来，以后
6．There was such a terrible snowstorm that I could hardly see．
[句法分析]本句使用了such…that…结构，that引导的是一个结果状语从句。
(1)用于引导结果状语从句，意为“如此…以至于…，其中such为形容词，修饰名词(单数、复数或不可数)。
He shut the window with such force that the glass broke．
(2) such…that…引导的结果状语从句通常可以与so…that…引导的结果状语从句进行句型转换，但so为副词，修饰形容词、副词，使用时要注意词的顺序。
He is such a tall man that he can almost reach the ceiling．
=He is so tall a man that he can almost reach the ceiling．
He ran so quickly that we couldn’t keep up with him．(不能用such)
(3)当名词被表示多少的tinny，much，little，few修饰时，用so，而不用such。
There was so little water left that only small children were given some．
They are such little birds that they can’t survive without help．
(4)so that常用来引导目的状语从句，此时常与情态动词can，could等连用。
They got up early so that they could catch the first bus．
经典回顾：
Pop music is such an important part of society ___ it has even influenced our language. (07.上海)
A. as B. that C. which D. where
Period 8 Grammar and usage (3)
Exercises.
1. Having checked the doors were closed, and ____ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. (07 湖南)
A. why B. that C. when D. where
2. _____ makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. (2006·辽宁)
A What B Who C Whatever D Whoever
3. _____is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. (2006·浙江)
A As B That C This D It
4. _____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships. (2006·山东)
A No matter what B No matter which C Whatever D Whichever
5. ----- Could you do me a favor -----It depends on ___ it is. (2006·北京)
A which B whichever C what D whatever
6. We haven’t settled the question of _____ it is necessary for him to study abroad. (2006·江苏)
A if B where C whether D that
7. He spoke proudly of his part in the game, without mentioning ______ his teammates had done.
A what B. which C. why D. while (2006·上海)
8. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob That’s ____ the best jobs are. (2007·浙江)
A where B. what C. when D. why
9. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class_____ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. (2006·重庆)
A why B. that C where D. because
10. See the flags on top of the buildings That was _____we did this morning. (2006·全国)
A. when B. which C. where D. what
11. One advantages of playing the guitar is ____ it can give you a great deal of pleasure. (06·上海)
A. how B. why C. that D. when
12. It is none of your business _____other people think about you. Believe yourself. (2007·福建)
A how B. what C. which D when
13._____fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.
A. What B. That C. This D. Which
14. It worried him a lot _____ his young son wandered in big cities and found no job.
A. for B. it C. that D. while
15. _____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted by university.
A What; because B That; because C That; what D What; that
16. The news _____is spreading around the airport is _____ a big snowstorm will come attacking.
A which; which B /; that C that; which D that; that
17. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _____it is. (2007·天津)
A what B which C how D where
18. _____parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. （07陕西）
A That B Which C What D As
19. These wild flowers are so special that I would do ____ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever
20. We should consider the students’ request ____ the school library provide more books on popular science. (09 重庆)
A. that B. when C. which D. where
21. _____ matters most in learning English is enough practice. (07 全国2)
A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which
22. _____ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader. (07 上海)
A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where
23. Could I speak to ____ is in charge of International Sales, please (07山东)
A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who
24. When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.
A. what B. why C. whom D. which (08湖南)
25. The last time we had great fun was ____ we were visiting the Water Park. (08 天津)
A. where B. how C. when D. why
26. It has been proved ____ eating vegetables in childhood helps you to protect you against illness in later life. （08 上海）
A. if B. because C. when D. that
27. ____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. (08 福建)
A. It B. What C. As D. Which
28. ____ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (08 浙江)
A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who
29. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea ____ the party is to be held (08 陕西)
A. what B. which C. that D. where
30. ____ was most important to her, she told me, was her family. (08 山东)
A. It B. This C. What D. As
Period 9 Task (1)
Skills building 1: Plotting a story
1. Do you like stories and what kinds do you prefer
2. What are the common elements in a story
Finish the Part A &Part B to consolidate the skills.
3 Step 1 completing a checklist
1). Read part A on page plete the checklist individually.
2). Listen to the conversation and answer the questions in Part B.
3). Write the beginning of the story using your answers in Part B.
Step 3 Skills building 2: identifying different elements of a comic strip
1. Look at 4 pictures with bubbles and captions.
Speech bubble: show what the character is saying
Thought bubble: show what the character is thinking
Sound bubble: show what the character is making
Caption: describe the state or action concerning the character
2. Make up a story effectively with these bubbles and caption.
3. Go through the comic strip and label the different ways of adding words (speech, thought,
sound and caption)
4. Step2: preparing a story with a surprise ending
1) Read the guidelines on Page 15. Work individually and then check your answers with your partners.
2) In pairs, work out a surprise ending from the five pictures given in Part A. You should draw a picture, write a caption and add thought, speech or sound bubbles where necessary.
Step 4 Homework
1. Write a story.
2. Find out the difficult points in Project.
Period 10 Task (2)
Step 1 Greetings.
Step 2 Skills building 3: using adjectives and adverbs in stories.
1. Why do we use these words in a story and how
2. Read the guideline of how to use adj. &adv
3. Complete the exercise on Page 16 to consolidate the skills.
Step 3 Improving your story
1. Read the guidelines in Part A on page 17. Go over the adjectives and adverbs given in the box. Guide them to point out which words are adjectives and which are adverbs. Fill in the blanks with the words in the box, and then write the last paragraph of the story using the sixth picture.
2. Read the guidelines in Part B. Have them work in pairs to practice telling the story they have just finished. Then present your stories in class. The whole class should decide who is the best storyteller.
Possible example:
All of a sudden, a bell ringing, Sandy woke up and found herself sitting on a chair. She could see people were leaving. To her great surprise, she saw a big, red apple in her left hand and some beautiful flowers in her right hand. She knew it was time for the museum to close and she had to leave. But her classmates and her teachers were nowhere in sight.
Step 4 Language points
1. Now he’s no longer hungry，nor am I!（Page 14）
nor am I
1) so + 助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 +主语 表示上述肯定情况也适用于该主语。
I have seen the film twice. So has my elder sister.
2) neither / nor +助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 +主语 表示上述否定情况也适用于该主语。
I don’t go to school today. Neither / nor does he.
3) it is the same with + 名词 / 代词宾格 或 so it is with +名词 / 代词宾格 表示上述（肯定 和否定的混合或没有统一的助动词情况）也适用于该主语。
Tom is a good student and he does well in his studies. It is the same with / so it is with John.
4) so +主语 +助动词 / 系动词 / 情态动词 表示对上述情况的赞同
--- Tom does speak Japanese well.
--- So he does and so do you
5) 主语+ 动词 +so 表示做了前文所述的事情 He asked me to stay at home and I did so.
经典回顾：
①-----My room gets very cold at night. (2007.江苏)
-----________.
A. So is mine. B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does
②Mary never does any reading in the evening, _______. (NMET 2005)
A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesn’t too D. nor does John
③-----Maggie had a wonderful time at the party.
----- _______ and so did I. (2005·安徽)
A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she
④----- Father, you promised!
----- Well, _______. But it was you who didn’t keep your word first. (2005·湖北)
A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did
⑤If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party,_________. (NMET 2007)
A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will
⑥Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and________.(2008辽宁)
A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was neither D. either was I
2. Mr Liu Weihai is making good progress! （Page 16）
make progress
(1)取得进步，取得进展 Tom is now making much progress at schoo1．
(2) (向某地)前进，行进 We made no progress in the heavy snow．我们无法在大雪中前进。
in progress在进行中 No talking, examination is in progress．不要说话，考试正在进行。
经典回顾：
Tom has made _____ rapid progress recently, which makes his parents very glad.
A. a B. an C. the D. /
3. Various methods will be applied to help the patient’s hand get strong. （Page 16）
apply vt.① 应用；实施；使用。要表示“将...运用到...”，通常用介词 to。
We decided to apply a new method. 我们决定使用新方法。
In this way we can better apply theory to practice.
这样我们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。
② 敷用；涂；使…接触（to）：apply a paste to a wound 在伤口上敷用膏药
③ 专心；注意 apply oneself / one’s mind to sth./ doing sth 致力于,专心于
vi ① 适用(于),通常用介词 to(不能用 for)：
The rule doesn’t apply in all cases. 此规则并非适用于所有的情形。
The book does not apply to beginners. 这书不适合于初学者。
② 申请；请求
apply for a job 求职 apply to do sth. 申请做… apply to sb. for sth 向…申请….
More than 30 people applied for the position. 有30多个人申请这个职位。
He applied to stay there. 他申请留在那儿。
He applied to us for help. 他向我们求援。
派生词
n. application 申请；申请书；申请表（application form）应用；适用；敷用；用功，专心
n. applicant 申请人，应征者
adj. applied 应用的；实用的applied science 应用科学
4．She was so tired that she had to find a chair to sit on．（Page 17）
[句法分析]此句为so…that…句型，表示“如此……以至于……"之意。find a chair to sit on中，to sit on为不定式作定语，修饰其前的名词chair。
①动词不定式作定语往往后置，且与被修饰的词之间存在动宾关系、主谓关系、同位关系或修饰关系，若动词不定式是不及物动词时，应在动词后加上适当的介词。
Do you have anything to say for yourself 你还有为自己想说的话吗 (动宾关系)
I have no wish to quarrel with you．我不想与你争吵。(同位关系)
This is the best way to do that．这是做那件事最好的方法。(修饰关系)
The girl has nothing to worry about．(about不要遗漏)这女孩没什么可担心的。
②先行词被序数词、形容词最高级限定时，其后用不定式作定语，而不用现在分词。
He is always the first to come and the last to leave. (主谓关系)
他总是第一个来，最后一个走。
This is the best article to appear in the newspaper this year．
★不定式的主动形式表示被动意义：
1) 不定式作表语形容词的状语，与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式要用主动形式表示被动意义。
The question is easy to answer.
English is easy to learn.
2) 不定式和它前面被修饰的名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动表示被动意义。
She has s lot of homework to do.
That morning they had nothing to eat.
注意：有时候既可用主动形式也可以用被动形式，但意思不太一样。
Have you any clothes to wash 你有衣服要洗吗？（洗衣服的人是“你”）
Have you any clothes to be washed
你有要洗的衣服吗？（洗衣服的人是“我”或者“别人”，不是“你”）
3) there be 结构中，说话人考虑的是必须要有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式；说话
人强调的是事情本身必须要完成时，则用被动形式。
There is a lot of work to do. (Somebody has to do the work)
There is a lot of work to be done. (The work has to be done)
经典回顾：
1. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ____. (2007·浙江)
A to be heard B to have heard C hearing D being heard
2. ----The last one _______pays the meal.
----Agreed!
A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving
Homework
1. Write a story.
2. Find out the difficult points in Project.
Period 11 Project: Producing a TV show
Step1 Revision and Lead-in.
As we all know, people have senses. Animals have senses too. Animals have developed their own unique senses to survive their environment over the long process of evolution. Have you ever seen the film “Jaws” If yes, what do you think of the film
Step 2 Reading
Skim the passage and choose the best answer.
1. From the passage, we can know that _____.
A. there are about 400 different types of sharks attacking human beings
B. sharks mainly feed on human beings.
C. the tiger shark is among the most dangerous sharks.
D. there is 30 times greater chance of being attacked by a shark than being hit by lightning.
2. Which of the following types of shark attacks is/ are probably deadly
A. The main type B. The second type C. The third type D. Both B and C
3. What should we do to avoid being attacked by a shark according to the writer
A. Swimming in the dark. B. Swimming even if you are cut or have a fresh wound.
C. Wearing bright clothing or jewellery. D. Try and stay in groups when swimming.
4. Why have shark attacks been increasing recently
A. Because water sports are becoming more popular.
B. Because the water is polluted seriously.
C. Because more and more people want to kill sharks.
D. Because sharks begin to like feeding on human beings.
5. Which of the following is NOT the tips on dealing with shark attacks given by the author
A. Do not panic. B. Hit the shark on the nose.
C. Hit the shark on the back. D. Stick your finger in the shark’s eye.
Step 3 Language points
Deal with some language points for Ss to understand the article better.
1. Contrary to what many people may assume, … (P18, L11)
contrary adj. 相反的 n. 相反的事实或情况
contrary to 与……相反 quite the contrary 恰恰相反
on the contrary 正相反 to the contrary 意思相反的
Contrary to popular belief, the desert can be a beautiful place..
It wasn’t a good thing; on the contrary it was a huge mistake.
Unless there is evidence to the contrary, we ought to believe them.
2. …sharks usually avoid large numbers of people. (L44)
avoid vt 避开，避免, 后接n. , pron. 或v-ing
They went away, avoiding an argument. 他们离开了，避免了一场争论。
The book will tell you how to avoid getting ill while traveling.
avoidable adj. 可避开的，可防止的 avoidance n. 回避，避开，避免
英语中某些及物动词后习惯跟动名词作宾语，这类动词有：
避免错过少延期avoid, miss, put off
建议完成多练习suggest/ advise, finish, practice
喜欢想象禁不住enjoy, imagine, can’t help
承认否定与妒忌admit, deny, envy
逃避冒险莫原谅escape, risk, excuse
忍受保持不介意stand, keep, mind等
3. Stick your finger in the shark’s eye. (L54)
stick n 小树枝，枝条；手杖，拐杖
The old man supported himself with a walking stick.老人用手杖支撑自己。
vt 刺，戳，插；粘，粘住，贴上；卡住
Please stick a stamp on the envelope.请在信封上贴上邮票。
The car was stuck in the mud. 小汽车陷在泥里了。
vi 遵守，信守，坚持
Just make a decision and stick to it.做一个决定，然后坚持做下去。
stick to 坚持，信守
经典回顾：
Once a decision has been made, all of us should ______it. (2004.湖北)
A. direct to B. stick to C. lead to D. refer to
4. You are 30 times more likely to be hit by lighting than being attacked by a shark. (L57)
★likely adj 可能的，很可能
辨析：likely的主语可以是人，物或 it ，其句型结构为：
主语（人或物）+be+ likely +to do sth
It is +likely+ that从句
probable和 possible 的主语一般只能用it. 常用于It is probable/possible +that+从句，此外，possible还可用于It’s possible (for sb.) to do sth.
The weather is likely to be fine. 天好像要转晴。
It is probable/ possible that the weather will rain. 天很可能会下雨。
经典回顾：
① ----It’s _____ to rain. You’d better take an umbrella.
----All right. I’ll take one _____.
A. probably; in that case B. possibly; in case
C. likely; in case D. possible; in that case
② He has been studying hard recently. It is _____ that he will pass the exam.
A. probably B. possible C. likely D. probably
★30 times more… than是倍数表达法。英语中表示倍数时常用 once (一倍)， twice (两倍)，three ( 三倍) 等，依此类推，意思是“是……的……倍”或者“增加到……倍”。
表示倍数的方法：
1) ……倍数+ 形容词（或副词）的比较级+ than+……
This room is twice bigger than that one.
2) ……倍数+as+形容词或副词+as
This room is three times as big as that one.
3) ……倍数+ the size (length, height, width……) of+……
This room is three times the size of that one.
4) ……倍数+特殊疑问词+引导的从句
The production is now three times what it was ten years ago.
5)……倍数+ as many (much) +名词+其他+as ……
The USA has more than thirteen times as many people Australia.
美国的人口是澳大利亚人口的13倍还多。
经典回顾：
③ We have produced ______grain this year ______we did last year.
A as much; than B as many; as C twice more; than D twice more; than
④ At a rough estimate, Nigeria is ______Great Britain.
A three time the size as B the size three times of
C three times as the size of D three times the size of
⑤ -----Is this stick long enough
----- No, I need one _____.
A. twice so long B. so long twice C. twice as long D. as long twice
Step 4 Producing a TV show
How will you write a TV show form the passage they have learnt about animals’ senses
1. Information: history, present situation, kinds, size, life habit, some unique senses, even tips about these animals
2. Ways to present: writing, picture, video
Step 5 Assignment
1. Finish the learning plan
2. Prepare for a test.
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M3 Unit 1 The world of our senses学案