Unit 1 Advertising 教案和学案

编写时间 _____年_____月_____日 执行时间 _____年_____月_____日 教案总序号 _____
M4 Unit 1 Advertising
Important phrases:
1.advertise for sth / sb 登广告征求，登广告找寻
2.stand for代表,容忍,支持
3. mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着某事
4. be used to (doing) sth: 习惯于（做）某事，表示状态
used to sth: 过去常常做某事（暗含现在不做了），to为不定式符号。
be used to do sth: 被用来做某事
be used for: 被用来做……（目的）
be used as: 当作……被使用（方式）
5. share sth. (with／among／between sb. ) (与某人)共享／分担／均分某事物
share in sth. with sb. 与某人分享(担)某事物
6. persuade + sb. of sth. 表示“使某人相信某事”：
persuade + sb. (not) to do sth. 表示“说服某人(不)做某事”：
persuade + sb. into/ out of doing sth. 表示“说服某人(不)做某事”：
7.pay for sth. 为……付款
8.for free 免费
be free with sth. 对某物大方、慷慨
be free from sth. 摆脱某物, 没有某物
be free to do sth. 随心所欲地做某事
be free of charge免费
8.protect…from／against…保护……使不受……的伤害, from／against是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。
9.阻止某人做某事: keep sb. from doing sth.
stop/ prevent sb. (from)doing sth.
be kept／stopped／prevented from doing sth. 被阻止做某事(from不能省略)
10. be (quite／well) aware of (= have knowledge of / know about )意识到……, 察觉到……
11.tell a lie／lies说谎
意义 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
躺, 位于 lie lay lain lying
说谎, 撒谎 1ie lied lied lying
放置, 产卵 lay laid laid laying
12. cure sb. of sth. 用某物治疗某人
13.fall for (1)被某人所吸引；爱上某人(2) (轻易)相信某事
14.trick sb into doing sth: 诱使……， 骗得……
trick out of: 骗走
play tricks on sb. 欺骗某人
15. warn sb against: 让……提防
16. keep away from: 不接近，使离开
17. By the way, who pays for these ads
18.by the way顺便问／提一下
all the way 一直 by way of 经, 由
in a way在某种程度上, 有点儿 in no way决不
in the way妨碍 make one’s way前进, 行走
on the／one’s way(to)…在去……的路上 under way (计划等)进行中
get into the way of doing…养成做……的习惯
19. be tired of 厌烦了……, 对……觉得厌倦 I’m tired of fried eggs.
20.be tired from/ with 因……而疲倦 I’m tired with working for so long a time.
21.on sale 待售的, 拍卖的,减价的
22.for sale用来卖的（物品）, 待售 （没有减价的意思）
23.present sth to sb. 赠送…, 向某人呈现…
24.at present 目前, 现在
25.In this aspect 在这方面
26. bargain with sb. over/about sth. 讨价还价
27.a variety of (= varieties of) 多种多样的: all kinds／types／sorts of各种各样的
28. have…… in mind: 心中想着
29.have…… on one’s mind: 有心事
30.figure out弄懂，弄清楚，计算出
31.determine to do sth. 决心干某事
32.be determined to do sth. 下决心去干某事, 果断／断然／决然干某事
33. appeal (to sb. ) for sth. 恳求(某人)某物;为某事向某人呼吁
34.appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事, 恳求某人做某事
35.appeal to sth. 诉诸, 引起某人的兴趣／吸引某人, 迎合(某人)
36.get sth. across传达, 表达；传播；为人理解
37. result in 导致 (Page 19, Line 2)
38.result from 由于
39.as a result 结果 as a result of 由于
40. be concerned with 与……有关／联系；对……感兴趣(Page 19, Line 13)
41.be concerned about 关心
42. as far as sb. is concerned 就……而言；关于
句型：
表达观点： I think/believe... It seems to me that+从句 In my opinion,....
询问观点：你觉得……怎么样？
How do you find…？
How do you like …
What do you think of/about…
Welcome to the unit
Language points:
1. advertise vt. 为……做广告 vi. 登广告
advertise sth为……登广告
advertise for sth / sb 登广告征求，登广告找寻
advertisement n. 广告，启事
advertiser n. 广告商，广告公司
advertising n 广告活动，广告业
经典回放：
The new school advertised _________ many newspapers __________ teachers of all subjects.
A. for; for B. for; in C. in; for D. in; in
2.Look at the advertisements below and discuss the questions.
分析：该句中below为后置定语, 修饰the advertisements。
3. Make every day a green one
▲one 的替代作用。注意one, ones, that, those, it的区别
one 替代同类 泛指 单数 可数（人或物）
ones 替代同类 泛指 复数 可数（人或物）
that 替代同类 特指 单数 可数/不可数（物）
those 替代同类 特指 复数 可数（人或物）
it 同类同物 特指 单数 可数/不可数（物）
注意）： 1）one / ones 可带前置修饰语，也可带后置修饰语。That / those 只能带后置修饰语
2）当of介词词组作后置修饰语时，多用that / those。
经典回放：
⑴ Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ______ I will always treasure.
A. that B. one C. it D. what
⑵ Cars do cause us some health problems—in fact far more serious ______ than mobile phones do.
A. one B. ones C. it D. those
3）The bridge build of stone is stronger than ______ built of wood..
A. that B. one C. it D. those
4. complete: adj. 全部的，完整的，完全的
e.g. We were in complete agreement.
It came as a complete surprise.
Reading
Fast reading Part A
1. What do ads try to persuade people to do
2. What does PSAs stand for
3. What are PSAs aim to do
Careful reading CI: C2
Language points
1. What does PSA stand for (Page 2, Part A)
▲stand for
(1)代表, 表示, 象征
—What does ESL stand for ESL代表什么
—English-as-a-second language. 作为第二语言的英语。
(2) (通常用于疑问句或否定句中) 容忍, 允许
We’ll not stand for this sort of behavior, young man!
(3)主张, 支持, 拥护
I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her.
[注意] stand除本义“站立”之外, 还可作及物动词, 意为“使站立, 经受, 忍受”。
Can you stand an egg on the desk 你能让一个鸡蛋立在桌子上吗
I can’t stand staying up so late. 这么晚不睡觉, 我受不了。
经典回放：
Modern plastics can ______ very high and low temperature.
A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support
2. What are PSAs meant to do (Page 2, Part A)
▲mean v.
(1) (不用于进行时态)有……的含义
This signal means your e-mail has been received.
(2)打算(让某人)做(某事)
I didn’t mean to interrupt your meal. 我本无意打扰你们用餐。
I never meant her to read those comments. 我本不打算让她看到那些评论。
mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着某事
(同)intend v. 意欲, 打算
(派)meaning n. 意义, 含义 means n. 方法, 手段
means作“方法, 手段”讲时, 单复数同形；如果作主语, 谓语动词的单复数要根据上下文的语义来确定。
Every means has been tried to solve the problem.
经典回放：
一Why haven’t you bought any butter
一I ______ to, but I forgot about it.
A. 1iked B. wished C. meant D. expected
3. Below is an article about advertisements written by a student for her English project. (Page 2, Part B)
▲written by a student 是过去分词短语作后置定语。
The book written for children is popular with the children.
The price of the car bought yesterday is reasonable.
提示：非谓语动词作后置定语的三种形式：
the house being built now 正在进行
the house to be built soon 将要发生
the house built last year 已经完成
经典回放：
The prize of the game show is $30 000 and an all expenses ______ vacation to China.
A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid
解析：句意为“这次比赛表演的奖品是3万美元和到中国的免费假期”。 expenses与pay之问的关系是修饰限定关系, 即pay作expenses的后置定语, 两者之间是被动关系, 故排除A。C表示将来的被动, D表示正在被进行的动作, 均不符合题意。故选B。 答案：B
经典回放：
⑴ Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _____ as 3M.
A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known
(2) The disc, digitally ______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded
⑶ The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at the time. (07上海)
A. to be completed B. having been completed
C. completed D. being completed
4. （Line 1）be used to (doing) sth: 习惯于（做）某事，表示状态，get / become used to: 表示动作。
used to sth: 过去常常做某事（暗含现在不做了），to为不定式符号。
be used to do sth: 被用来做某事
be used for: 被用来做……（目的）
be used as: 当作……被使用（方式）
经典回放：
In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ______ .
A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be
5. …and have some very important information to share with you… (Page 2, Line 3)
▲share v. 分享, 分担, 共有
n. 一份, 份额；股份 (=stock)；共享
share sth. (with／among／between sb. ) (与某人)共享／分担／均分某事物
share in sth. with sb. 与某人分享(担)某事物
share happiness and sorrow同甘共苦
share one’s troubles as well as one’s joys 同甘共苦
经典回放：
(1) Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare—you must 1earn to ______.
A. support B. care C. spare D. share
(2) In a way I can see what you mean, even though I don’t ______ your point of view.
A. permit B. share C. agree D. recognize
(3)It’s a fellow’s duty to ______ the good things of this world with his neighbors.
A. share B. spare C. spend D. give
(4) We’ll have to ______ our sorrows as well as joys in the future.
A. share in B. share with C. Spare D. support
(5) I hated to ______ the hotel room ______ a stranger.
A. share；in B. share; with C. spare；for D. spare；with
6. An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuade people to buy a product or service ,or to believe in an idea. (Page 2, Line 5-6)
(1) persuade + 名词或代词：
I can persuade the boss soon.
(2) persuade + sb. of sth. 表示“使某人相信某事”：
I persuaded him of its truth.
(3) persuade + sb. (not) to do sth. 表示“说服某人(不)做某事”：
They persuaded her to go with them.
(4) persuade + sb. into/ out of doing sth. 表示“说服某人(不)做某事”：
We persuaded her into taking the job.
(5) persuade sb. that-clause表示“使某人相信……”：
She persuaded me that death does not end all.
经典回放：
There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. (2007·上海)
A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade
7. A commercial advertisement is one which someone has paid for to advertise a product or service. PSAs are often run for free (Page 2, Line 10)
▲pay v. 付款
(1) pay for sth. 为……付款 I've paid for his service.
(2) pay (sb.) some money for sth. 为……向某人付款
I paid him$10 000 for the car.
[拓展]常见的买、卖东西的句型：
(1)主语是买方：
pay money for sth.
spend money on sth. ／(in) doing sth.
take sth. for money
offer (sb. ) money for sth.
(2)主语是物：sth. costs sb. money
(3)主语是卖方：
charge money for sth.
sell sth. for money
take some money for sth.
offer (sb. )sth. for money
经典回放：
—Do you have any idea what Paul does all day
—As I know, he spends at least as much time playing as he ______. (2007·重庆)
A. writes B. does writing C. is writing D. does write
▲for free 免费
These pictures can be kept for free. You may take whichever you like.
(1) be free with sth. 对某物大方、慷慨
He is free with money.
(2) be free from sth. 摆脱某物, 没有某物
The children are free from worry. 孩子们是无忧无虑的。
He is free from duty today. 今天他不值班。
(3) be free of sth. 离开某物；摆脱(没有)某物(=be free from sth. )
The ship was free of the harbor. 船已离开港口。
The city is free from／of thieves. 这个城市没有盗贼。
(4) be free to do sth. 随心所欲地做某事
You al‘e free to do what you like. 你们想做什么就做什么。
(5) be free of charge免费
The tickets are all free of charge. 这些票都是免费的。
8. There are laws to protect people from advertisements that cheat people(Page 2, Line 14-15)
▲protect…from／against…保护……使不受……的伤害, from／against是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
A new material was painted to protect the roof against rain.
阻止某人做某事: keep sb. from doing sth.
stop/ prevent sb. (from)doing sth.
be kept／stopped／prevented from doing sth. 被阻止做某事(from不能省略)
The heavy rain kept／stopped／prevented him from going there.
9. However, we still must be aware of the skillful methods used in advertisements to try and sell us things. (Page 2, Line 15)
▲aware adj.意识到的, 感觉到的。一般用作表语。后接of短语或从句。
(1) be (quite／well) aware of (= have knowledge of / know about )意识到……, 察觉到……
He wasn’t aware of the danger. 他没觉察到危险。
I was aware that I had drunk too much.
⑵aware的修饰语通常用well或quite, 表示“很, 非常”, 而不用very, 类似的词还有worth, “很值得”用be well worth。
经典回放：
He is quite ______ of the risk, but—he has no chance but to go ahead.
A. eager B. aware C. sensitive D. serious
10. Even if an ad does not lie (Page 2, Line 15)
▲lie
(1) v. 说谎, 撒谎, 编造谎言; 躺
You could see from his face that he was lying.
(2) n.谎言, 谎话
The whole story is nothing but a pack of lies. 整个叙述只不过是一派谎言。
tell a lie／lies说谎
意义 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
躺, 位于 lie lay lain lying
说谎, 撒谎 1ie lied lied lying
放置, 产卵 lay laid laid laying
经典回放：
The manager had fallen asleep where he ______, without undressing.
A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied
11. …that the toothpaste cures bad breath… (Page 2, Line 18)
▲cure vt.治好. 改好n. 治愈；疗法, 药方；解决办法
cure sb. 治疗某人 cure sth. 解决某事 cure sb. of sth. 用某物治疗某人
a cure for pollution污染的解决办法
经典回放：
Once ______, a bad habit is hard to ______.
A. formed; cure B. formed; to be cured C. forming; cure D. forming; to be cured
12. We must not fall for this kind of trick. (Page 3, Line 25)
▲fall for
(1)被某人所吸引；爱上某人
They fell for each other at the first meeting and got married six weeks later.
(2) (轻易)相信某事
The salesman said the ear was in good condition, and I was foolish enough to fall for it.
fall ill患病 fall behind落后, 掉队
fall off跌落；下落 fall into pieces崩溃, 倒塌
fall in love with 与……谈恋爱; 爱上某人
经典回放：
I ______ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time!
A. had fallen sleep B. have fallen asleep C. fell asleep D. fall asleep
13. Not all ads play tricks on us though. (Page 3, Line 27)
▲ though
(1) conj. (用于句首时较为庄重) 虽然, 尽管
Though they lacked official support, they continued their struggle.
Strange though it may seem, no one would look into it.
[注意]上句中的Strange though it may seem…为倒装结构。其正常语序为：
Though it may seem strange…, 其中though可用as代替, 在此类倒装中, 往往将副词、形容词、动词原型、(无冠词)名词单独置于句首。
Hard though／as he worked, he failed again. 尽管他很努力。但又失败了。
⑵ adv. 虽然, 然而. 可是(作副词时常常用于句末, 常与前面的句子用逗号隔开)
I’ve got a cold. It’s nothing serious, though. 我感冒了，然而并不严重。
经典回放：
—Have you been to New Zealand
—No. I’d like to, ______.
A. too B. though C. yet D. either
▲英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法：
1）all 的否定式：not all…（或：all…not）表示\"并非都……\"、\"不是所有的都……\"例如：
Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。
Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长很高。
2）both 的否定式：not…both (或：both… not) \"并非两个……都……\" 例如：
I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。
Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。
3）every…的否定式：\"不是每……都……\" 例如：
Not every book is educative. (或：Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。
Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。
This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。
4）always的否定式：\"并非总是（并非一直）……\" 例如：
He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。
5) entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式：\"不完全……\"，\"并非完全……\" 例如：
The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。
He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。
I don\'t agree completely. 我并不完全同意。
What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。
. ▲trick sb into doing sth: 诱使……， 骗得……
He tricked her into marrying him by pretending that he was rich.
trick out of: 骗走
He tricked the poor girl out of her money.
play tricks on sb. 欺骗某人
He is always playing tricks on his teachers.
14. Our government understands this and has been using PSAs to educate people for many years.
(Page 3, Line 30)
▲have／has +been +doing现在完成进行时态, 表示从过去某时起一直不断地持续到现在(说话时)的动作；此动作可能还在继续进行, 也可能刚刚停止。现在完成进行时强调“动作”, 而现在完成时常强调“事实”。如：
I have been reading all the morning.
He had been staying there for two hours.
经典回放：
(1)Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science ______ that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill.
A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing
(2)--Look! How long ______ like this
一Three weeks!
A. has it rained B. has it been raining C. is it raining D. does it rain
(3)Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. (2007·湖南·31)
A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying
(4)Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ______ since the flood hit the area last Friday. (2006·山东·33)
A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost
15. …which tells you what you are supposed to learn from the passage… (Page 3, Reading strategy)
▲suppose
(1) be supposed to中的to是动词不定式符号, 后接动词原形, 主语为人时“应该, 被期望”, 它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。主语为物时示“本应, 本该”, 用予表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。它还可以用来表示“被认为是, 被相信是”。如：
The train was supposed to have arrived ten minutes ago.
They are supposed to be very clever.
⑵ suppose还可用于插入语中。
Who do you suppose called today 你猜今天谁打过电话
(3) 在口语中, 常用I suppose so.(我认为是这样。)和I don’t suppose so.／I suppose not. (我认为不是这样。)
I suppose so. =I think so.
I don’t suppose so. =I don’t think so.
经典回放：
—You should apologize to her, Barry.
—________, but it’s not going to be easy.
A. I suppose so. B. I feel so. C. I prefer to D. I like to
16. warn sb against: 让……提防
He warned me against pickpockets.
17. keep away from: 不接近，使离开
Keep everybody away from the accident.
18. By the way, who pays for these ads (Page 5, Part F)
▲by the way顺便问／提一下
all the way 一直 by way of 经, 由
in a way在某种程度上, 有点儿 in no way决不
in the way妨碍 make one’s way前进, 行走
on the／one’s way(to)…在去……的路上 under way (计划等)进行中
get into the way of doing…养成做……的习惯
注意：in no way位于句首时句子要部分倒装, 将系动词、助动词或情态动词提前。
In no way can you enter the room. 你绝对不能进入这个房间。
经典回放：
—I think he is taking an active part in social work.
—I agree with you ________.
A. in a way B. on the way C. by the way D. in the way
Word power
Language points:
1. Are you tired of wearing the same plain… (Page 6)
▲be tired of 厌烦了……, 对……觉得厌倦 I’m tired of fried eggs.
be tired from/ with 因……而疲倦 I’m tired with working for so long a time.
2. Jeans, shirts and dresses are on sale now. (Page 6)
▲on sale 待售的, 拍卖的,减价的
for sale用来卖的（物品）, 待售 （没有减价的意思）
e.g. I learned from the newspaper that this house is on sale.我从报上得知这幢房子待售。
This product is only attachment to our computer, not for sale. 本产品是电脑的附件, 非卖品
3. the sales/ marketing department will present the results of their market research to the head of the company. (Page 7)
▲present vt. 赠予；介绍, 引见；出席, 出现
present sth to sb. 赠送…, 向某人呈现…
present sb. with sth. 赠送…
present sb. to sb. 向某人介绍某人
present oneself for sth. 出席……(活动)
present oneself at sp. 到……地方
present sth. 呈现, 显出……
at present 目前, 现在
I presented a book to him.
They presented the village with a bus.
Let me present him to you.
He presented himself for examination. 他参加考试。
He presented himself at a friend’s house.
This case presents some interesting features. 这事件显出一些有趣的特色。
经典回放：
(1) All the people ______ at the party were his supporters.
A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important
(2)The film made all the students ________ to tears.
A. at present moving B. in present move
C. at present moved D. at present to move
Grammar and usage
Language points
1. I recommend that we purchase 10 copies for the library. (Page 9)
▲recommend vt. 推荐，介绍；劝告；建议。
recommendation n. 推举，推荐；推荐信，求职介绍信
I recommend meeting him first. 我建议先见他。
recommend后跟从句时，也要用(should)do形式。
I recommend that you resign．我建议你辞职。
2. Use a large advertisement whenever possible. (Page 11)
▲whenever possible这是一个省略的状语从句, 原句应为Whenever it is possible. 在when, while, if, where, once等引导的状语从句中, 如果从句主语与主句主语相同或从句主语是it且从句谓语动词含有系动词be, 可省略从句主语和系动词be。如：
Be careful when／while (you are) crossing the road.
Make some changes where (it is) necessary.
Everyone will come to your help if (it is) possible.
经典回放：
(1) When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced
(2) ______ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.
A. Compare B When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared
(3)Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
(4)The research is so designed that once ______, nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B having begun C. beginning D. begun
Task
Language points
1.aspect ( http: / / dict. / s wd=aspect" \l "# ) n. 方面, 观点 (Page 13)
We love the valley in all its aspects. 我们爱这山谷的一切。
In this aspect 在这方面
2.表达观点：(Page 14) I think/believe... It seems to me that+从句 In my opinion,....
询问观点：你觉得……怎么样？
How do you find…？
How do you like …
What do you think of/about…
[经典回放]
(1)一How do you find youe new pen 一 ________.
A. Quite by accident B. I found it in my drawer
C. It writes well D. It was well kept by my father
(2)一How would you like your coffee 一 ________.
A. It’s well done B. Very nice. Thank you
C. One cup. That’s enough D. The stronger, the better
(3)一I wonder what the weather will be like tomorrow. 一 ________.
A. I don’t like the weather at this time of the year.
B. I don’t mind if it is going to rain tomorrow.
C. Why don’t you read the newspaper today
D. Let’s listen to the weather report on the radio at ten.
(4)一______ did Tom ______ this morning
—He was angry.
A. What; like B. How; look C. How; ／ D. Which; like
(5) 一 ________ —She is tall, thin and shy.
A. What is she like B. Who is she C. How is she D. Whose is she
3.bargain ( http: / / dict. / s wd=bargain" \l "# )n. [C] 协议,交易,便宜货 (Page 17 Line 5)
vi. 讨价还价[(+with sb. over/about sth.)] 达成协议
She bargained with the fishmonger over the price.
It’s really a bargain.
4.fancy n.爱好;迷恋[C][(+to)] 2.想像力;幻想[U][C] v.想象 adj. 精致的 (Page 17 Line 7)
He took a fancy to the girl next door.
他迷恋上了隔壁的女孩子。
She has a lively fancy.
她想像力丰富。
I fancy he's pretty happy.
我猜想他很幸福。
fancy clothes 别致的衣服
Project
Fast reading
1. What is an advertisement campaign
2. How many kinds of media are referred to in this passage What are they ,
3. Who is the target audience for your advertisement campaign
Language points：
1. Unlike a single advertisement, an ad campaign is an organized programme of advertisements using various kinds of ads to reach a certain audience. (Page 18, Line 1-2)
句法分析：organized为过去分词作定语，修饰programme；using…为现在分词短语作后置定语。
▲compaign: 大型、有组织的战役，还可以表示运动、活动、竞选活动等。
battle: 指两支强大的军队在某一地点进行的长时间的、大规模的战役。
war: 指国与国之间或国内的公开的大规模战争，包含有多次的battle.
conflict: 常指精神方面的冲突和斗争。
fight: 指两个人或两个组织之间的争斗。
e.g. He fought bravely in many battles and gained their respect.
a public health camaign 卫生运动
the First World War
a conflict between two cultures
My little brothers are always fighting.
▲various adj. 各种各样的；好几个, 很多
There’re various ways of cooking fish. 鱼有各种各样的做法。
Various people have seen the film. 许多人都看过这部电影。
(派) variety n. 种类, 多样性 variation n. 变化 vary u. 改变
a variety of (= varieties of) 多种多样的: all kinds／types／sorts of各种各样的
vary in size／weight大小／重量不同 vary with随……而变化
▲certain adj.表示“某一”、“某些”，通常用作定语。
A certain Mr Smiths called this afternoon. 有个叫史密斯先生的人今天下午来过电话。
He was absent for certain reasons. 由于种种原因他没有出席。
2. have…… in mind: 心中想着 (Page 18, Line 3-4)
I could see he was not telling me all he had in mind.
have…… on one’s mind: 有心事
Don’t bother your dad. He has got a lot on his mind.
keep / carry…… in mind: 记住
keep one’s mind on / upon: 专心注意，聚精会神干某事
3.figure out (Page 18, Line 4) 弄懂，弄清楚，计算出
It’s important to figure out exactly what you want to tell the audience.
4. In order to determine your audience, you will need to do a little research. (Page 18, Line 10)
▲determine vt. 决心，决定
determine +名词 决心……, 确定…… determine to do sth. 决心干某事
determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下决心于某事
(2) vi. determine on／upon+(doing)sth. 决定, 决心……
(3) determined adj. 决意的；已决定的；坚决的
be determined to do sth. 下决心去干某事, 果断／断然／决然干某事
注意：determine to do sth. 是一个短暂性的动作, 不能与时间段连用。
be determined to do sth. 是延续性的状态, 可与时间段连用。
He determined to do it for a long time. (×)
He was determined to do it for a long time. (√)
经典回放：
(1) He left the place, ______ never to come back.
A. determined B. to determine C. being determined D. having determined
(2) We’re determined ______ the problem ______ our own.
A. solving；on B. to solve；of C. to solve：on D. solving；of
(3)一What about the person
一Seldom in all my life ______ such a ______ person.
A. I met; determining B. I have met; determining
C. have I met; determined D. did I meet; determined
5. It’s important to always try to appeal to the way the audience will react. (Page 18, Line 18)
▲appeal vi. 迎合；有吸引力；要求, 恳求；诉诸
(1) appeal (to sb. ) for sth. 恳求(某人)某物;为某事向某人呼吁
We appealed to him for help. 我们向他求援。
(2) appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁某人做某事, 恳求某人做某事
She appealed to us to go with her.
(3) appeal to sth. 诉诸(法律、舆论、武力等)。appeal to the law诉诸法律
The old woman had to appeal to the public opinion. 这位老太太只好诉诸公共舆论。
(4) appeal to sb. (某物)引起某人的兴趣／吸引某人, 迎合(某人)
Does the film appeal to you 你对这部电影感兴趣吗
6. You can gather this information for your research. (Page 18, Line 19)
▲gather vt. ＆vi. 聚集；采集, 收集；揣测
He travels about the world gathering facts about little-known diseases.
All the girls gathered round to see the beautiful piano.
拓展：
gather in收割(庄稼) gather speed加速前进 gathering n.聚集, 聚会
辨析：gather／collect
collect和gather作动词, 两者都可以表示“收集、聚集”, 但其用法有所不同。
(1)gather表示把分散的东西集中到一起。
He gathered his books. 他把书集中在一起。
(2)collect则表示精心地、有选择地收集。
He has collected many stamps. 他收集了许多邮票。
经典回放：
(1)Every one of you ______ the basketball field used to be quickly please!
A. gathers where B. gather where C. will gather at D. gather at
(2)The captain ______ all his soldiers before him, telling them to get ready for the fight.
A. collected B. gathered C. selected D. elected
7. There are lots of different ways to get your message across when … (Page 18, Line 26)
▲get sth. across传达, 表达；传播；为人理解
经典回放：
(1)It was not a serious illness, and she soon ______ it.
A. got over B. got on with C. got around D. got out of
(2)We have to ______ the wheat as soon as possible because a storm is on the way.
A. get away B. get across C. get through D. get in
8. You must decide what approach you want to use. (Page 18, Line 27)
▲approach n.方法, 途径 vt. 处理, 对待；接近
All approaches to the town were blocked by snow.
We heard the sound of a car approaching. 我们听到了汽车到来的声音。
He approached the question like a scientist. 他处理这个问题时, 就像一位科学家。
经典回放：
(1)Spring is ______, we should make preparations ______ it.
A. coming; with B. approaching; for C. following; in D. approaching; to
(2)What’s the best way of ______ this problem
A. approach B. prepare C. approaching D. get close to
9. result in 导致 (Page 19, Line 2)
result from 由于
It can result in lung cancer.
It results from his carelessness.
as a result 结果 as a result of 由于
10. be concerned with 与……有关／联系；对……感兴趣(Page 19, Line 13)
【常用搭配】
1) be concerned about 关心
2) be concerned over/at sth. 为某事忧虑
3) be concerned with 和某事有牵连
4) as far as sb. is concerned 就……而言；关于
5) concerning prep. 关于
【活学活用】
1) I am concerned about my wife’s health. 我担心我妻子的健康。
2) Her latest survey is concerned with youth unemployment.
她的最新调查与青年的失业有关。
3) As far as I’m concerned, you can do what you like. 就我而言，你可以做你喜欢的事。
11. urge (Page 19, Line 16)
⑴ vt. 敦促，催促
e.g. The UN urged them to honor the peace treaty.
联合国敦促他们尊重这项和平条约。
⑵ vt. 强调，竭力主张
e.g. He urged restraint in dealing with the protester.
他强调在应对抗议者时应该保持克制。
⑶ n. 冲动，强烈的欲望
e.g. I had an urge to learn English well.
Workbook 句子翻译答案
Part D2
1. These words are not meant to hurt you, but to encourage you
2. On the day of the festival, children can play tricks on neighbours who refuse to offer them sweets.
3. I wrote a letter to Yao Ming Yesterday. Do you know how he deals with letters from his fans
4. To do this analysis, I consulted several experienced experts.
5. He had suffered from headaches for a long time, so the doctor recommended him to take a vacation.
6. I have just returned from England and now I would like to update you on some of the latest news.
7. Have you figured out what’s wrong with your car
8. Some people wanted to give up, but the captain urged them to march ahead.
PAGE
3编写时间 _____年_____月_____日 执行时间 _____年_____月_____日 教案总序号 _____
M4 Unit 1 Advertising
Period 1Welcome to the unit
Teaching goals
1. Enable the students to ask for opinions and give opinions on advertisements.
2. Help the students leam how to give their opinions on advertisements with the help of the pictures.
Teaching important points
To encourage the students to give opinions on advertisements and give reasons.
Teaching difficult points
To ensure that every student has a chance to express himself|herself
Teaching methods
Individual work, group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching aids
A computer, a projector and blackboard.
Teaching procedures
Step 1 Greetings and Lead-in
T: Good morning/afternoon, boys and girls!
Ss: Good morning/afternoon, teacher!
Show a picture of an advertisement on the screen.
T: Boys and girls, look at the screen, please! Have you ever seen such a picture
Ss: Yes.
T: Where can you often see it
Sl: In public places, on TV, in a magazine and so on.
T: Wonderful! Do you know what it is used for Who’d like to tell me
S2: It tries to advise people to buy the computer.
T: Good!It is called an advertisement. Nowadays, it is really a world of advertisements. In another word, people are surrounded by all kinds of advertisements, don’t you think so Advertisements become more and more important in our life. What’s your opinion on them Do they affect you when you try to buy something Now let’s have a discussion about some advertisements.
Step2 Discussion and Presentation
T: Ok! Please open your books at Page 1. Let’s look at the six pictures. I'd like to divide you into six parts, each group focusing on a picture. You can use your common knowledge and imagination to describe each picture in your own words. Any proper expression is accepted. Now I’d like to give you five minutes to discuss the pictures. By the way, while discussing, you can write down your description with some notes.
(Give the students five minutes to discuss what the pictures advertise for; move around to give them a hand. )
T: Time is up. Are you ready
Ss: Yes.
T: The first group, please choose a student who can be on behalf of your group to describe the first picture.
S3: (putting up his hand) I'd like to try. In the picture, there is a girl, whose eyes are wide open, telling people she is thirsty for knowledge. As is known to all, every child has the equal right to receive education, but for some reasons or other, some children can’t afford their schooling. The whole society should offer them hands. So Project Hope was started to give hope to all children.
T: Very good! You’re lucky to receive a good education here. You should treasure this opportunity to do well in your studies so as to serve our country better in the future. Ok, Group 2, what about your description
…
Teacher asks some students from each group to say something about the other pictures.
Step3 Further discussion
T: Up to now, we have discussed different pictures of advertisements. Now let’s do a classification. Divide the six advertisements into different groups according to your understanding.
Help students understand different types of advertisements. Show the following chart to them, and let them fill in the chart with proper names of ads.
Advertisements
About products About service About social problems or people who need help
Learning software;Soft Shine Shampoo Oxlin airlines Project Hope; Say “No” to drug; Earth Day
T: Among these advertisements, which make you want to buy a product or service Why
S: I think Picture 6 makes me want to buy their product. It is because my hair often feels dry. I've been looking forward to a kind of shampoo that can help soften my hair. At the sight of this advertisement, I say to myself “That’s just it.”, for both its text and the image of the girl on the bottle of it are so attractive that I can’t heIp to have a try.
T: I agree with you. But as an adult, I’d like to remind you that you should think it over before you buy something just because of the attractive advertisements. Now, let’s come to the second question “Which advertisements make you think about problems in society or about people who need help Why ”
S: On seeing Picturel, I seemed to see a lot of children who can’t afford their schooling just because they are poor or for some other reasons. As a saying goes: Everyone is born equal. So every child has equal rights to receive education. If each person donates a little, there will be many more children to come back to school.
T: Great! As students of your age, you are wonderful, for you can think so deeply and widely. It shows that some public service advertisements do have great advantages. But I want to warn you that advertisements are double-edged swords. On one hand, some public service advertisements can help people think about problems in society or about people who need help. Some commercial advertisements can help sell products or services. On the other hand, not all advertisements tell the complete truth. So, do be careful and make careful decisions before you buy something. As far as I’m concerned, I don’t believe that advertisements always tell complete truth. Do you agree with me Whether you agree or not, you should give your reasons. I’ll give you two minutes to discuss. You will be free to express yourselves.
Give the students two minutes; move around to help them if necessary. And then teacher can ask several students to express their opinions freely.
Step 4 Language points
1. advertise vt. 为……做广告 vi. 登广告
advertise sth为……登广告
advertise for sth / sb 登广告征求，登广告找寻
advertisement n. 广告，启事
advertiser n. 广告商，广告公司
advertising n 广告活动，广告业
经典回放：
The new school advertised _________ many newspapers __________ teachers of all subjects.
A. for; for B. for; in C. in; for D. in; in
2.Look at the advertisements below and discuss the questions.
分析：该句中below为后置定语, 修饰the advertisements。
3. Make every day a green one
▲one 的替代作用。注意one, ones, that, those, it的区别
one 替代同类 泛指 单数 可数（人或物）
ones 替代同类 泛指 复数 可数（人或物）
that 替代同类 特指 单数 可数/不可数（物）
those 替代同类 特指 复数 可数（人或物）
it 同类同物 特指 单数 可数/不可数（物）
注意）： 1）one / ones 可带前置修饰语，也可带后置修饰语。That / those 只能带后置修饰语
2）当of介词词组作后置修饰语时，多用that / those。
经典回放：
⑴ Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ______ I will always treasure.
A. that B. one C. it D. what
⑵ Cars do cause us some health problems—in fact far more serious ______ than mobile phones do.
A. one B. ones C. it D. those
3）The bridge build of stone is stronger than ______ built of wood..
A. that B. one C. it D. those
4. complete: adj. 全部的，完整的，完全的
e.g. We were in complete agreement.
It came as a complete surprise.
Step5 Summary and Homework
T: Today we have discussed about advertisements, and all of you have done a good job. I’m so happy with you. At the end of this period, I’d like to warn you to be careful with advertisements, because not all advertisements tell complete truth. After class, please look around you and find how many ads you can see on your way home, or how many ads are shown on TV during one night. Make a list. So much for this period. You’re dismjssed now.
Record after teaching:
Period 2 Reading
Teaching goals
1. Enable the students to learn something about advertisements (ads), the types of advertisements and the differences between commercial advertisements and PSAs.
2. Help the students understand what an ad is and the types of ads.
Teaching important points
Help the students understand what an ad is and the types of ads and the differences between commercial ads and PSAs.
Teaching difficult points
How to help the students improve their reading ability and understand the passage better.
Teaching methods
1. Fast reading to get a general idea of the passage.
2. Careful reading to understand the passage better.
3. Discussion to help the students understand what they have learned.
Teaching aids
A tape recorder and a multimedia.
Teaching procedures and ways
Step I Greetings and Lead-in
Greet the Ss as usual and get them review what they have talked about in last period.
T: As we all know, advertisements are playing an important part in our daily life. Some ads are used to sell products or services. Others are used to make people aware of the needs of others and the dangers around them. Today we are going to read an article posted on the school website, which will give us some detailed information about ads.
(In this step, the teacher may also play a game with students. First, pretend you need something or some service, and let students give you some choices. Students are required to say some words that the ads use to attract the customers’ attention. They are allowed to use Chinese. This activity will arouse students’interest in learning about ads.)
Step 2 Fast reading
T: Now I will play the tape for you to listen to, and after listening, you should answer three questions:
1. What do ads try to persuade people to do
2. What does PSAs stand for
3. What are PSAs aim to do
So keep these questions in mind while you are listening. Make some notes if you like.
After listening to the tape, the teacher checks the answers.
Suggested Answers:
1. To buy a product or service ,or believe in an idea.
2. Public service advertisements.
3. They aim to teach us and help us lead better lives.
Step 3 Careful reading
T: Now I will give you some more minutes to read the passage carefully and finish Exercises C1 and C2.
Let the Ss go through the exercises first, then read the text. After 5 minutes, the teacher will check the answers.
CI: Suggested answers: 1 T 2 F 3 F 4 T 5 F 6 T
C2: Suggested answers:
1. They are usually found in newspapers and magazines, on the Internet, radio and TV.
2. A commercial ad is one which someone has paid for to advertise a product or service. While a public service advertisement is often run for free, and is meant to educate people about health, safety, or any other problem that affects public welfare.
3. Because even though an ad doesn’t lie, it doesn’t mean it is altogether innocent.
4. In 1996.
5. Because PSAs are meant to benefit the public, and by following the advice in PSAs, we can often learn a lot.
For Exercise C2, the teacher may get the Ss to correct the wrong statements.
Statement 2: PSAs can be found in many places, just like the commercial ads, such as newspapers, magazines, the Internet, radio and television.
Statement 3: Not all ads tell the complete truth, especially the commercial ads. Sometimes they are just trying to sell the customers the products or services by using very attractive images and persuasive words.
Statement 5: Sometimes the aim of some commercial ads is just to try to sell us some products or services by using some invaluable or even false information to persuade us to buy something.
T: Very good, all of you have done a good job. Now we have known the general idea of the text, and you’ve done very well. Make sure you can understand the passage in detail. Can you tell me what kind of writing the passage is
Text analysis
Let the Ss read the reading strategy and learn about expository reading.
T: Now read the reading strategy on Page 3. Let’s learn something about expository writing.
After the Ss finish reading.
T: As we can learn from the strategy box, this article is an expository writing. It introduces some basic information on ads. What’s the basic format of expository writing
Ss: Introduction of subject, supporting details and conclusion.
T: This passage has analyzed the format of paragraph three. Now let’s take paragraph four for example, find the statement, supporting details and conclusion in it.
T: Go through the text again and find out how many parts the text can be divided into, and summarize the main idea of each part.
S: The first paragraph is the general introduction of ads. The last paragraph is the conclusion part. The rest paragraphs explain ads from different aspects with details.
T: Great answer. So in which aspects the second part explain ads
S: They explain ads from three aspects: First, the definition of ads, that is to say, what is an ad Second, does an ad tell people the complete truth Third, Public service advertisements.
Step 4 Listening and Discussion
T: I'll play the tape again for you to listen to and repeat. Please pay attention to the stress and intonation.
Play the tape for the Ss to listen and repeat.
T: Up to now, we have learned what an ad is, the types of ads and the differences between commercial ads and PSAs. Now please discuss the following questions with your partners. I’ll give you some minutes to finish the task.
Questions:
1. Do you think PSAs are very helpful Why Please give us all example.
2. What is the most impressive PSA you’ve ever seen Why do you think so
3. Do you think young people are easily persuaded into buying new products What attitude should we have towards commercial ads
Give the Ss some time to discuss the questions in groups of four. During this period, the teacher may go into the Ss to give them help if necessary. After several nfinutes, collect the answers from the Ss.
Step5 Practicing
T: Next, we’ll do some practice. Open your books and turn to Page 4 I’ll give you some minutes to finish the exercise Part D and Part E alone.
Several minutes later, check the answers with the Ss.
T: Time is up. Who’d like to read your answers out aloud
S: I'm glad to have a try.
Answers:
Part D: 1. h 2. c 3. b 4. d 5. f 6. g 7. e 8. a
Part E: 1. dealing with 2. comments 3. promote 4. fool
5. even if 6. cheated 7. campaigns 8. benefit
Correct the mistakes if possible..
Step 6 Summary and Homework
1.T: In this period we’ve learned something about ads—what an ad is, the types of ads and the differences between commercial ads and PSAs. You’ve done very well. After class, you should go through the passage again and tick out the important and useful phrases and sentence structures by yourselves. Are you clear Now class is over. Goodbye, class!
2. students should finish the exercise on Page 90 Part A1 and Part A2
Passible answers:
Part A1
1． a am not used to b be used for c used to
2． a affected b effect（s）
3． a pleasure b pleased c pleasant
Part A2
1． share 2. fall for 3. cured 4. persuade
5． promoting 6. encouraged 7. follows 8. aims at / aimed at
Record after teaching:
Period 3 Extensive reading
Teaching aims:
Train students’ reading ability.
Help Ss to learn some useful words and expressions.
Teaching important points:
Help the Ss to improve the reading ability.
Teaching difficult points:
How to help Ss improve their reading ability and understand the passage better.
How to help students master the important language points in this passage.
Discussion to stimulate students’ interest and imagination.
Teaching methods:
Reading, discussion and explanation.
Teaching aids:
A tape recorder and a computer.
Teaching procedures:
Step1 Greetings
T: Good morning, boys and girls.
Ss: Good morning, madam.
Step2 Check the homework
Step3 Reading
T: Last period we’ve read about advertisements. Where can we see the advertisements
Ss: On billboards, on the Internet, in newspapers, on TV, in magazines, or in leaflets given out in the streets.
T: Yes. We can find the advertisements everywhere. Now we’re going to read an ad on a school’s website. It’s about a school writing competition. Open your books and turn to page 94. Read the ad in five minutes, then answer the following questions:
1. A wordsmith is someone who is skilled at using words. Why is this competition called the Wordsmith Competition
2. What types of things will the stories be judged on
3. What should students pay attention to when writing the story
4. Why is it good for students to enter English writing competitions
5. What will the first prize winner receive
(Five minutes later, the teacher checks the answers.)
Suggested answers:
1. Because it is designed to encourage studnets to improve their English writing skills, and become more skilled at using words.
2. They will be judged on how well they are researched and if they are creative and imaginative.
3. They should pay attention to grammar, punctuation and spelling.
4. Because it challenges them to improve their English language skills and gives them a chance to win a prize.
5. He or she will receive a 2,000 yuan scholarship.
T: You’ve done a good job. Now please look at page95. Here is another passage. Li Min has picked up a copy of her dad’s business magazine, and is reading the feature story about successful advertising campaigns. I’ ll give you 7 minutes to read the passage and then answer the following questions:
1. Do you think it’s a good idea to use advertising agencies Why
2. Why did the advertising agency working for the Diabetes Association want to make sure that the messages in the campaign would not be missed
3. Why did the agency choose to give people the truth about diabetes
4. Why did the advertising campaign turn out to be a real winner for everyone
5. Why was winning the award an added bonus
Answers:
1. Yes, it is a good way to ensure that money is well spent.
2. Because many people who have diabetes don’t enen know it. They wanted to get these people’s attention.
3. Because it’s a deadly disease and they wanted people to go for a diabetes check.
4. Because people learned about the disease and called the Diabetes Association. The association got the results it wanted---- to increase people’s knowledge about the disease, an to increase the number of people phoning for free diabetes checks. The advertising agency’s success with this campaign won it an award.
Because it will make the advertising agency better known, which increases business for the agency.
Step4 Language points
1. What does PSA stand for (Page 2, Part A)
▲stand for
(1)代表, 表示, 象征
—What does ESL stand for ESL代表什么
—English-as-a-second language. 作为第二语言的英语。
(2) (通常用于疑问句或否定句中) 容忍, 允许
We’ll not stand for this sort of behavior, young man!
(3)主张, 支持, 拥护
I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her.
[注意] stand除本义“站立”之外, 还可作及物动词, 意为“使站立, 经受, 忍受”。
Can you stand an egg on the desk 你能让一个鸡蛋立在桌子上吗
I can’t stand staying up so late. 这么晚不睡觉, 我受不了。
经典回放：
Modern plastics can ______ very high and low temperature.
A. stand B. hold C. carry D. support
2. What are PSAs meant to do (Page 2, Part A)
▲mean v.
(1) (不用于进行时态)有……的含义
This signal means your e-mail has been received.
(2)打算(让某人)做(某事)
I didn’t mean to interrupt your meal. 我本无意打扰你们用餐。
I never meant her to read those comments. 我本不打算让她看到那些评论。
mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着某事
(同)intend v. 意欲, 打算
(派)meaning n. 意义, 含义 means n. 方法, 手段
means作“方法, 手段”讲时, 单复数同形；如果作主语, 谓语动词的单复数要根据上下文的语义来确定。
Every means has been tried to solve the problem.
经典回放：
一Why haven’t you bought any butter
一I ______ to, but I forgot about it.
A. 1iked B. wished C. meant D. expected
3. Below is an article about advertisements written by a student for her English project. (Page 2, Part B)
▲written by a student 是过去分词短语作后置定语。
The book written for children is popular with the children.
The price of the car bought yesterday is reasonable.
提示：非谓语动词作后置定语的三种形式：
the house being built now 正在进行
the house to be built soon 将要发生
the house built last year 已经完成
经典回放：
The prize of the game show is $30 000 and an all expenses ______ vacation to China.
A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid
解析：句意为“这次比赛表演的奖品是3万美元和到中国的免费假期”。 expenses与pay之问的关系是修饰限定关系, 即pay作expenses的后置定语, 两者之间是被动关系, 故排除A。C表示将来的被动, D表示正在被进行的动作, 均不符合题意。故选B。 答案：B
经典回放：
⑴ Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, _____ as 3M.
A. knowing B. known C. being known D. to be known
(2) The disc, digitally ______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recorded
⑶ The Town Hall ______ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at the time. (07上海)
A. to be completed B. having been completed
C. completed D. being completed
4. （Line 1）be used to (doing) sth: 习惯于（做）某事，表示状态，get / become used to: 表示动作。
used to sth: 过去常常做某事（暗含现在不做了），to为不定式符号。
be used to do sth: 被用来做某事
be used for: 被用来做……（目的）
be used as: 当作……被使用（方式）
经典回放：
In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than ______ .
A. that used to be B. it is used to C. it was used to D. it used to be
5. …and have some very important information to share with you… (Page 2, Line 3)
▲share v. 分享, 分担, 共有
n. 一份, 份额；股份 (=stock)；共享
share sth. (with／among／between sb. ) (与某人)共享／分担／均分某事物
share in sth. with sb. 与某人分享(担)某事物
share happiness and sorrow同甘共苦
share one’s troubles as well as one’s joys 同甘共苦
经典回放：
(1) Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare—you must 1earn to ______.
A. support B. care C. spare D. share
(2) In a way I can see what you mean, even though I don’t ______ your point of view.
A. permit B. share C. agree D. recognize
(3)It’s a fellow’s duty to ______ the good things of this world with his neighbors.
A. share B. spare C. spend D. give
(4) We’ll have to ______ our sorrows as well as joys in the future.
A. share in B. share with C. Spare D. support
(5) I hated to ______ the hotel room ______ a stranger.
A. share；in B. share; with C. spare；for D. spare；with
6. An advertisement uses words and pictures to persuade people to buy a product or service ,or to believe in an idea. (Page 2, Line 5-6)
(1) persuade + 名词或代词：
I can persuade the boss soon.
(2) persuade + sb. of sth. 表示“使某人相信某事”：
I persuaded him of its truth.
(3) persuade + sb. (not) to do sth. 表示“说服某人(不)做某事”：
They persuaded her to go with them.
(4) persuade + sb. into/ out of doing sth. 表示“说服某人(不)做某事”：
We persuaded her into taking the job.
(5) persuade sb. that-clause表示“使某人相信……”：
She persuaded me that death does not end all.
经典回放：
There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. (2007·上海)
A. being persuaded B. persuading C. to be persuaded D. to persuade
解析：try to persuade…“尽力去说服……”。答案：D
Step5 Summary and Homework
T: In this period we’ve read more about ads and learned some important language points. Pleas remember them and master them after class.
T: Goodbye, boys and girls!
Ss: Goodbye, teacher!
Record after teaching:
Period 4 Language Points
Teaching goals
1. Enable the Ss to understand the passage better.
2. Enable the Ss to master some important words and expressions in the text. .
Teaching important points
Help the Ss understand some difficult sentences.
Teaching difficult points
How to master the words and expressions.
Teaching aids
A multimedia and a tape recorder.
Teaching procedures and ways
Step 1 Greetings and Revision
Greet the whole class as usual.
Review the language points talked about in the last lesson.
Step 2 Language points
7. A commercial advertisement is one which someone has paid for to advertise a product or service. PSAs are often run for free (Page 2, Line 10)
▲pay v. 付款
(1) pay for sth. 为……付款 I've paid for his service.
(2) pay (sb.) some money for sth. 为……向某人付款
I paid him$10 000 for the car.
[拓展]常见的买、卖东西的句型：
(1)主语是买方：
pay money for sth.
spend money on sth. ／(in) doing sth.
take sth. for money
offer (sb. ) money for sth.
(2)主语是物：sth. costs sb. money
(3)主语是卖方：
charge money for sth.
sell sth. for money
take some money for sth.
offer (sb. )sth. for money
经典回放：
—Do you have any idea what Paul does all day
—As I know, he spends at least as much time playing as he ______. (2007·重庆)
A. writes B. does writing C. is writing D. does write
解析：do代替spend, 结构为spend some time(in)doing sth. 答案： B
▲for free 免费
These pictures can be kept for free. You may take whichever you like.
(1) be free with sth. 对某物大方、慷慨
He is free with money.
(2) be free from sth. 摆脱某物, 没有某物
The children are free from worry. 孩子们是无忧无虑的。
He is free from duty today. 今天他不值班。
(3) be free of sth. 离开某物；摆脱(没有)某物(=be free from sth. )
The ship was free of the harbor. 船已离开港口。
The city is free from／of thieves. 这个城市没有盗贼。
(4) be free to do sth. 随心所欲地做某事
You al‘e free to do what you like. 你们想做什么就做什么。
(5) be free of charge免费
The tickets are all free of charge. 这些票都是免费的。
8. There are laws to protect people from advertisements that cheat people(Page 2, Line 14-15)
▲protect…from／against…保护……使不受……的伤害, from／against是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。
He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
A new material was painted to protect the roof against rain.
阻止某人做某事: keep sb. from doing sth.
stop/ prevent sb. (from)doing sth.
be kept／stopped／prevented from doing sth. 被阻止做某事(from不能省略)
The heavy rain kept／stopped／prevented him from going there.
9. However, we still must be aware of the skillful methods used in advertisements to try and sell us things. (Page 2, Line 15)
▲aware adj.意识到的, 感觉到的。一般用作表语。后接of短语或从句。
(1) be (quite／well) aware of (= have knowledge of / know about )意识到……, 察觉到……
He wasn’t aware of the danger. 他没觉察到危险。
I was aware that I had drunk too much.
⑵aware的修饰语通常用well或quite, 表示“很, 非常”, 而不用very, 类似的词还有worth, “很值得”用be well worth。
经典回放：
He is quite ______ of the risk, but—he has no chance but to go ahead.
A. eager B. aware C. sensitive D. serious
10. Even if an ad does not lie (Page 2, Line 15)
▲lie
(1) v. 说谎, 撒谎, 编造谎言; 躺
You could see from his face that he was lying.
(2) n.谎言, 谎话
The whole story is nothing but a pack of lies. 整个叙述只不过是一派谎言。
tell a lie／lies说谎
意义 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
躺, 位于 lie lay lain lying
说谎, 撒谎 1ie lied lied lying
放置, 产卵 lay laid laid laying
经典回放：
The manager had fallen asleep where he ______, without undressing.
A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had lied
解析：句意：“经理没脱衣服就在他躺着的地方睡着了。”A项“正在放置”, C项“已经放置”, D项“已说谎”。答案：B
11. …that the toothpaste cures bad breath… (Page 2, Line 18)
▲cure vt.治好. 改好n. 治愈；疗法, 药方；解决办法
cure sb. 治疗某人 cure sth. 解决某事 cure sb. of sth. 用某物治疗某人
a cure for pollution污染的解决办法
经典回放：
Once ______, a bad habit is hard to ______.
A. formed; cure B. formed; to be cured C. forming; cure D. forming; to be cured
12. We must not fall for this kind of trick. (Page 3, Line 25)
▲fall for
(1)被某人所吸引；爱上某人
They fell for each other at the first meeting and got married six weeks later.
(2) (轻易)相信某事
The salesman said the ear was in good condition, and I was foolish enough to fall for it.
fall ill患病 fall behind落后, 掉队
fall off跌落；下落 fall into pieces崩溃, 倒塌
fall in love with 与……谈恋爱; 爱上某人
经典回放：
I ______ while reading the English textbook. Luckily, my roommate woke me up in time!
A. had fallen sleep B. have fallen asleep C. fell asleep D. fall asleep
解析：根据woke可以判断, 此处谈论过去事情, 因此排除B、D两项。I是在读书期间睡着的, 不分先后, 因此用一般过去时。答案：C
13. Not all ads play tricks on us though. (Page 3, Line 27)
▲ though
(1) conj. (用于句首时较为庄重) 虽然, 尽管
Though they lacked official support, they continued their struggle.
Strange though it may seem, no one would look into it.
[注意]上句中的Strange though it may seem…为倒装结构。其正常语序为：
Though it may seem strange…, 其中though可用as代替, 在此类倒装中, 往往将副词、形容词、动词原型、(无冠词)名词单独置于句首。
Hard though／as he worked, he failed again. 尽管他很努力。但又失败了。
⑵ adv. 虽然, 然而. 可是(作副词时常常用于句末, 常与前面的句子用逗号隔开)
I’ve got a cold. It’s nothing serious, though. 我感冒了，然而并不严重。
经典回放：
—Have you been to New Zealand
—No. I’d like to, ______.
A. too B. though C. yet D. either
▲英语中的部分否定（即不完全否定）有如下一些表示方法：
1）all 的否定式：not all…（或：all…not）表示\"并非都……\"、\"不是所有的都……\"例如：
Not all men can be masters. (= All men cannot be masters.) 并非人人都能当头头。
Not all bamboo grows tall. 并非所有的竹子都会长很高。
2）both 的否定式：not…both (或：both… not) \"并非两个……都……\" 例如：
I don't want both the books. 我不是两本书都要。
Both (the) windows are not open. 两扇窗子并不都开着。
3）every…的否定式：\"不是每……都……\" 例如：
Not every book is educative. (或：Every book is not educative.) 不是每本书都有教育意义的。
Not everyone likes this book. 并非人人都喜欢这本书。
This flower is not seen everywhere. 这花并不是随处可见的。
4）always的否定式：\"并非总是（并非一直）……\" 例如：
He is not always so sad. 他并不是一直都这样悲伤。
5) entirely, altogether, completely 和quite 的否定式：\"不完全……\"，\"并非完全……\" 例如：
The businessman is never to be entirely trusted. 不可以完全信任商人。
He felt not altogether satisfied. 他并不完全满意。
I don\'t agree completely. 我并不完全同意。
What he did was not quite proper. 他做的不十分妥当。
. ▲trick sb into doing sth: 诱使……， 骗得……
He tricked her into marrying him by pretending that he was rich.
trick out of: 骗走
He tricked the poor girl out of her money.
play tricks on sb. 欺骗某人
He is always playing tricks on his teachers.
14. Our government understands this and has been using PSAs to educate people for many years.
(Page 3, Line 30)
▲have／has +been +doing现在完成进行时态, 表示从过去某时起一直不断地持续到现在(说话时)的动作；此动作可能还在继续进行, 也可能刚刚停止。现在完成进行时强调“动作”, 而现在完成时常强调“事实”。如：
I have been reading all the morning.
He had been staying there for two hours.
经典回放：
(1)Years ago we didn’t know this, but recent science ______ that people who don’t sleep well soon get ill.
A. showed B. has shown C. will show D. is showing
(2)--Look! How long ______ like this
一Three weeks!
A. has it rained B. has it been raining C. is it raining D. does it rain
(3)Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year. (2007·湖南·31)
A. studies B. studied C. is studying D. has been studying
(4)Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to ______ since the flood hit the area last Friday. (2006·山东·33)
A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost
15. …which tells you what you are supposed to learn from the passage… (Page 3, Reading strategy)
▲suppose
(1) be supposed to中的to是动词不定式符号, 后接动词原形, 主语为人时“应该, 被期望”, 它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。主语为物时示“本应, 本该”, 用予表示某事本应该发生而没有发生。它还可以用来表示“被认为是, 被相信是”。如：
The train was supposed to have arrived ten minutes ago.
They are supposed to be very clever.
⑵ suppose还可用于插入语中。
Who do you suppose called today 你猜今天谁打过电话
(3) 在口语中, 常用I suppose so.(我认为是这样。)和I don’t suppose so.／I suppose not. (我认为不是这样。)
I suppose so. =I think so.
I don’t suppose so. =I don’t think so.
经典回放：
—You should apologize to her, Barry.
—________, but it’s not going to be easy.
A. I suppose so. B. I feel so. C. I prefer to D. I like to
16. warn sb against: 让……提防
He warned me against pickpockets.
17. keep away from: 不接近，使离开
Keep everybody away from the accident.
18. By the way, who pays for these ads (Page 5, Part F)
▲by the way顺便问／提一下
all the way 一直 by way of 经, 由
in a way在某种程度上, 有点儿 in no way决不
in the way妨碍 make one’s way前进, 行走
on the／one’s way(to)…在去……的路上 under way (计划等)进行中
get into the way of doing…养成做……的习惯
注意：in no way位于句首时句子要部分倒装, 将系动词、助动词或情态动词提前。
In no way can you enter the room. 你绝对不能进入这个房间。
经典回放：
—I think he is taking an active part in social work.
—I agree with you ________.
A. in a way B. on the way C. by the way D. in the way
Step 3 Vocabulary practice
In this step, the Ss will do some practice with the key words and phrases. They are supposed to learn some new words in contexts.
T: Now we’ve learned the usage of some important words and phrases. I’ll have a check about how well you’ve mastered them. Open your books and turn to Page 4. You’re to finish Exercises D and E alone within four minutes. Are you clear
Give the Ss four minutes to finish the exercises. Then check the answers with the Ss.
Step 4 Consolidation
T: Now that we’ve learned a lot about the important words and expressions, let’s do some exercises together. Open your books and tum to Page 84. Please finish A1, A2 and B 1 alone within 6 minutes.
Give the Ss some time to finish the exercises alone.
T: Time is up. Have you finished Now let’s check the answers together.
Check the answers together with the Ss. Let the Ss read the sentences one by one. Check the answers and make some necessary explanations.
Step 5 Summary and Homework
1. T: In this period we’ve learned some important words and phrases in this passage. After class, you should spend more time on the passage trying to master the usage of words and phrases in it.
2. students should finish the exercise on Page 91 Part B1 and Part B2
Passible answers:
Part B1
1．personally 2. determine 3. target 4. packet
5． shocked 6. posters 7. approach 8. Poisonous
Part B2
1． to 2.. with/ about 3. on 4. unlike
5. about 6. in 7. across 8． To
Record after teaching:
Period 5 Word power
Teaching goals
1. Enable the students to improve their ability of creating new words by adding suffixes to nouns or verbs, and enable them to learn more about advertisements—sales and marketing.
2. Help the students learn how to create adjectives and know more about sales and marketing.
Teaching important points
The use of these adjectives created by adding suffixes to nouns or verbs and the professional terms related to sales and marketing.
Teaching difficult points
How to use these created adjectives and how to use the professional terms related to sales and marketing in a proper way.
Teaching methods
1. Explain the formation rules of creating adjectives by adding suffixes to nouns or verbs.
2. Add more examples.
3. Practice a lot.
Teaching aids
A projector and a blackboard.
Teaching procedures and ways
Step I Greetings and Revision
Greet the students as usual.
Have a dictation to their new words.
Check workbook exercises and explain some language points.
Step 2 Word power—Using suffixes
T: Today I’ll introduce to you a way of creating new words—using suffixes. We can create adjectives by adding suffixes to nouns or verbs. The dialogue below gives some examples of how these adjectives are used. Look at the suffixes added to the end of each adjective and think about how the word is formed.
Show the dialogue on the screen.
Wu Ping: Do all ads play tricks on people
Wu Hong: No. PSAs use some of the methods as commercial ads, like persuasive language and exciting images, but they are not meant to trick us.
T: Look at the words in black. How are they formed Can you tell me their original forms S4. would you like to have a try
S: mercial is the adjective form of the noun commerce. Persuasive is the adjective form of the verb persuade. Exciting is from excite.
T: Right. Do you know how to create adjectives
S: I am not sure. It seems that sometimes we must add -ous, -ing and-ful but sometimes we should add -ly or-y behind the given words.
T: You’re somewhat right. It’s not often the case. Sometimes we should also make some changes. Now I'll introduce some ways of creating adjectives by adding suffixes to nouns or verbs.
Show the form on the slide
Noun／verb +y thirsty, dirty, windy, sunny, cloudy, healthy, funny
+ly lively, friendly, lovely, weekly, brotherly, motherly
+ic heroic, romantic, energetic, scientific, realistic, historic
+al original, personal, national, natural, central, industrial
+ous courageous, famous, continuous, serious, various, poisonous, dangerous, humorous
+ful careful, helpful, useful, cheerful, grateful, faithful
+an European, American, Australian
+ern eastern, northern, southern .
Besides these, add more examples
+able reasonable, horrible, terrible, believable, comfortable, sensible, forgettable
+ish childish, Swedish, selfish
+ive+less active, creative, effective, destructive, collective careless, hopeless, helpless, homeless, selfless, fearless
+en+ary golden, wooden, woolen, imaginary, revolutionary, secondary
+some troublesome, burdensome, lonesome, handsome
+like childlike, womanlike, manlike
+ant ignorant, significant, observant, important
+ent Diligent, silent, excellent, frequent
T: By looking at these examples, can you understand how different adjectives are formed Now I’ll give you several minutes to study them and discuss with your partner. Try to add as many examples as possible to each form and speak out their Chinese meanings.
Give the students several minutes to discuss. Then collect the answers on the blackboard. Help the students deal with any difficulties they meet.
Step3 Practicing
T: Next, we’ll do some practice. Open your books and turn to Page 6. I’ll give you some minutes to finish the exercise alone.
Several minutes later, check the answers with the Ss.
T: Time is up. Who’d like to read your answers out aloud
S: I'm glad to have a try.
Answers:
1 lovely 2 attractive 3 boring 4 energetic 5 friendly 6 enjoyable 7 wealthy
8 lucky 9 fantastic
Correct the mistakes if possible..
Step4 Word power—Sales and marketing
T: In this part we’ll learn about some words or phrases related to sales and marketing. Look at A on Page 7. Read the passage aloud and try to understand the words and phrases in blue. You can guess their meanings by using the context.
The teacher may ask some questions to make sure that the Ss understand the whole passage.
Suggested questions:
1. Could you list all the professional terms about sales and marketing mentioned in the passage
2. Why does the sales department do the market research
3. What is called “market share”
4. What is called “sales target”
Give the Ss several minutes to find the answers.
Suggested answers:
1. Product, market research, sales and marketing, sale/ marketing department, consumers, market share, sales target, sales figures.
2. To collect and study information about what people want and need.
3. Market share means the percentage of a market that the company has.
4. Sales target means the amount which the company thinks they will sell in a future period.
T: Have you completely understood the passage If so, next look at B. Try to fill in the blanks without referring to the passage above. When you have finished, you can put up your hands to let me know.
Several minutes later, check the answers. Correct the mistakes if any.
Answers:
1. market share 2. sales figures 3. consumers
4. market research 5. sales/ marketing department 6. sales targets
Step 5 Language Points
1. Are you tired of wearing the same plain… (Page 6)
▲be tired of 厌烦了……, 对……觉得厌倦 I’m tired of fried eggs.
be tired from/ with 因……而疲倦 I’m tired with working for so long a time.
2. Jeans, shirts and dresses are on sale now. (Page 6)
▲on sale 待售的, 拍卖的,减价的
for sale用来卖的（物品）, 待售 （没有减价的意思）
e.g. I learned from the newspaper that this house is on sale.我从报上得知这幢房子待售。
This product is only attachment to our computer, not for sale. 本产品是电脑的附件, 非卖品
3. the sales/ marketing department will present the results of their market research to the head of the company. (Page 7)
▲present vt. 赠予；介绍, 引见；出席, 出现
present sth to sb. 赠送…, 向某人呈现…
present sb. with sth. 赠送…
present sb. to sb. 向某人介绍某人
present oneself for sth. 出席……(活动)
present oneself at sp. 到……地方
present sth. 呈现, 显出……
at present 目前, 现在
I presented a book to him.
They presented the village with a bus.
Let me present him to you.
He presented himself for examination. 他参加考试。
He presented himself at a friend’s house.
This case presents some interesting features. 这事件显出一些有趣的特色。
经典回放：
(1) All the people ______ at the party were his supporters.
A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important
(2)The film made all the students ________ to tears.
A. at present moving B. in present move
C. at present moved D. at present to move
Step 6 Summary and Homework
T: In this period we’ve learned some techniques of creating adjectives by adding suffixes to nouns or verbs. And we also have learned some professional terms related to sales and marketing. All of you have done a very good job. Homework for today: Spend more time going over the explanations of using suffixes and the related adjectives. And in the next period you will be asked to make sentences with them.
Record after teaching:
Period 6 Grammar and usage Ⅰ
Teaching goals
Help the Ss to learn how to change direct speech into reported speech.
Teaching important points
The changes the Ss should pay attention to when they change direct speech into reported speech.
Teaching difficult points
Pay attention to the changes in sentence structures, personal pronouns, tenses, adverbials of time and place and so on.
Teaching methods
Explaining and practicing.
Teaching aids
A projector and some slides.
Teaching procedures and ways
Step I Presentation
Demonstrate a pair of sentences on the screen and ask the Ss to speak out the differences between them.
Sentence l: She said. “China has been using PSAs to educate people. ’’
Sentence 2: She said that China had been using PSAs to educate people.
T: Please look at the two sentences. And can you tell the differences between them
S1: There is a quotation mark in Sentence 1, but not any in Sentence 2.
T: Quite good. Anything else Other differences
S2: Sentence 1 tells us what exactly she has said, so there are quotation marks fn the sentence, but Sentence 2 just repeats what she said without using the exact words.
T: Exactly. So we call Sentence l a direct speech, while Sentence 2 a reported speech. We use direct speech to report what exactly has been said. If we write the speech down, the words will usually appear in quotation marks. However, we often prefer to use reported speech or indirect speech to report the meaning of what has been said without using the exact words.
Demonstrate the two sentences on the Bb.
Direct speech: She said, “China has been using PSAs to educate people. ’’
Reported speech: She said China had been using PSAs to educate people.
Step 2 Explanation
T: We’ve learned what direct speech and reported speech are, but do you know how to change direct speech into reported speech Now read the instructions and examples in Point 2 and you will find how.
After the Ss finish reading.
T: So the structure is changed when we change direct speech into reported speech. Are there any other changes when we try to change direct speech into reported speech OK, let’s read the instructions in Point 3.
More explanations are shown below.
直接引语和间接引语
一、直接引语和间接引语的区别与联系
直接引语就是直接引用别人的原话, 并在原话前后加引号；间接引语就是用自己的话转述别人的话, 多数以宾语从句的形式构成, 不加引号而多用连词that引导宾语从句。
二、直接引语变间接引语
直接引语变间接引语有人称和物主代词的变化、时态的变化、指示代词的变化以及时间和地点状语的变化。
1. 人称的变化: 主语为第一人称时, 转变为间接引语之后, 人称要作相应的调整。
如: She said, “I am tired.” → She said that she was tired.
The headmaster said to us: “You must study hard now.”
→The headmaster told us that we had to study hard then.
2. 时态的变化: 直接引语变为间接引语时, 间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致。其规律是:
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
一般过去时 过去完成时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在进行时 过去进行时
现在完成时 过去完成时
过去完成时 过去完成时
将来进行时 过去将来进行时
将来完成时 过去将来完成时
She said. ‘‘I am your mother’s friend. ”→She said that she was my mother’s friend.
The teacher said, “We shall have finished the whole textbook by the end of this term.”
→The teacher said that they would have finished the whole textbook by the end of that term.
注意:
A. 直接引语为客观真理时, 间接引语时态不变, 仍用一般现在时。
如: The teacher said, “All the planets move round the sun.”
→The teacher said that all the planets move round the sun.
B. 直接引语为一般过去时并且与具体的过去时间状语连用时, 间接引语仍为一般过去时。
如: She said, “1 went to England in 1998. ” →She said that she went to England in 1998.
C. 主句为一般现在时或一般将来时的时候, 间接引语的时态不变。
He says. “I bought you something nice yesterday.”
→He says that he bought me something nice yesterday.
D. 如果在当地转述, come不必改成go, here也不必改成there；如果在当天转述, yesterday,
tomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。
E. 直接引语是感叹句时，间接引语用what或 how 引导，也可以用that引导。
She said,“What a lovely day it is!”
→She said what a lovely day it was./ She said that it was a lovely day.
T: Ok. I’ll give you more examples to help you understand the instructions.
Give the Ss more sentences
She said, “I am listening to the weather report. ’’
→She said that she was listening to the weather report.
He said. “I have finished my homework.”
→He said that he had finished his homework.
He said, “1 will do the experiment at three in the afternoon.”
→He said that he would do the experiment at three in the afternoon.
“Light travels at great speed,” he said.
→He said that light travels at great speed.
The teacher said, “The world is made up of matter.”
→The teacher said that the world is made up of matter.
3. 指示代词以及时间和地点状语的变化是:
直接引语 间接引语
指示代词 this that
these those
时间状语 now then
today that day
tonight that night
this week (year, term) that week (year, term)
yesterday the day before
last week (year, term) the week (year, term) before
two years ago two years before
tomorrow the next (following)day
next week (year, term) the next week (year, term)
地点状语 here there
动词 come go
bring take
e.g. She said. “These exercises are easy.”→She said that those exercises were easy.
The secretary said, “I haven’t received the letter today.”
→The secretary said that she hadn’t received the letter that day.
He said. “Now it is your turn.” →He said that then it was my turn.
He said. “I shall come back next week.”→He said he would come back the next week.
She said. “1 will come here this afternoon.”→She said that she would go there that afternoon.
Step 3 Practice
Let the Ss complete the memo on Page 9. This exercise will help the Ss review and practice the rules of changing direct speech into reported speech.
T: After so many explanations, let’s do some plete the memo according to the advertisement. Pay attention to the tenses, personal pronouns and adverbial of time and place. First read the advertisement and get familiar with it.
After the Ss finish the exercise, check the answers.
Answers on P9:
1. was 2. would be 3. had read 4. that 5. would 6. had bought 7. that 8. would 9. those 10. her
Step 4 Consolidation
Give the Ss more exercises to help them practice using direct speech and indirect speech.
T: I’ll give you some exercises to check how well you’ve learned the usage of direct speech and reported speech. Look at the screen, please. Some of them are reported speech, try to change them into direct speech.
Show the Ss some sentences on the screen.
Change the following sentences into direct speech or reported speech.
1. “I will never forget the interesting lesson,” said Paul.
2. Steve told Joe that he liked singing.
3. “I’m very glad to visit your factory,” said the visitor.
4. The woman told us that she did not like American movies very much.
5. The teacher told the students that they were going to have a meeting at three.
6. “Mum has gone to the market,” the daughter said to the father.
7. She said, “1 will try to finish reading the book by the end of the week. ’’
8. She said to me, “You have to improve your spoken English.’’
Give the Ss several minutes to finish the exercise.
The teacher move around to see how they are going along.
After several minutes, check the answers with the Ss.
Step 5 Summary and Homework
T: In this period we have learned how to change direct speech into reported speech, and we must pay attention to the major changes in the sentence structures, personal pronouns, tenses, adverbials of time and place and other cases. After class, please go over the instructions in Grammar and usage and keep them in mind.
Record after teaching:
Period 7 Grammar and usage Ⅱ
Teaching goals
1. Enable the Ss to use reported speech to report statements, questions and imperative sentences.
2. Help the Ss to learn how to use reported speech to report statements, questions and imperative sentences.
Teaching important and difficult point
Reporting statements, yes／no questions, wh-questions and imperative sentences by using that, whether／if, wh- words and so on.
Teaching methods
Explaining and practicing.
Teaching aids
A multimedia.
Teaching procedures and ways
Step I Revision
Greet the whole class as usual.
T: Do you still remember what we have learned in the previous lesson What should you pay attention to when you change direct speech into reported speech What are the main changes Please have a try.
Step 2 Further explanation.
T: We’ve learned how to change direct speech into reported speech. Now we’re going to have a further study about it. Look at the following sentences. Can you change it into reported speech
Show some statements on the screen.
1. She said, “Advertisements are an important part of our lives.’’
2. “There are two main types of advertisements,’’ the writer said to us.
Suggested answers:
1. She said that advertisements were an important part of our lives.
2. The writer told us that there were two main types of advertisements.
Demonstrate the answers on the Bb.
T: You’ve given a correct answer. Do you think the two pairs of sentences are of the same kind What kind of sentences are the direct speeches
S: I think the two sentences are both statements, and if we want to change them into reported speech,
we must introduce them with “that” and the rewritten sentences are much like object clauses.
T: Yes, if the direct speech is a statement, in this situation we just use noun clauses, mainly object clauses introduced by that to reported statements.
e. g.
He said, “I am doing a biology experiment now.”
→He said that he was doing a biology experiment then.
He said. “I will have to stay in the lab until tomorrow.”
→He said that he would have to stay in the lab until the next day.
T: Look at this sentence, please.
He said to me, “I am doing a biology experiment now.”
Can you change it into reported speech Who’d like to have a try
S: He told me that he was doing a biology experiment then.
T: Very good. So when we want to mention the listeners, we can use tell to introduce the object clause; but if we do not wish to specify the listeners we just use say.
Demonstrate the tip on the screen.
Tip: We use “tell” when we want to mention the listener(s)；we use ‘‘say” if we do not wish to specify the listener(s).
T: Look at the following sentences. Can you change them into reported speech
Show the Ss some sentences on the screen.
1. Linda said, “I’ll do it after class.”
2. Mary said to me, “I saw the movie last night with Lily.”
3. John said, “I had written the letter by 6 o’clock.”
4. Tom said to me, “I go to work in my car every day.”
Get the Ss to finish them alone and then get them to read out their answers.
T: There are more reporting verbs other than “say” and “tell”, they are: advise/ agree/ explain/ insist/ promise/ remind/ suggest／warn.
e. g. “PSAS are often placed for free,” the writer said.
→The writer explained that PSAs were often placed for free.
Step3 Further explanation
Show the Ss some sentences on the screen and at the same time give the Ss some explanations.
直接引语变间接引语
一．直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词that引导。但that在口语中通常省略.
She said, “ Advertisements are an important part of our lives.”
→She said that advertisements are an important part of our lives.
“There are two main types of advertisements,”the writer said to us.
→The writer told us that there are two main types of advertisements.
直接引语变间接引语时，主句除可用动词say和tell以外，还可以用advise, agree, explain, insist, promise, remind,suggest, warn.
“PSAs are often placed for free,”the writer said.
→ The writer explained that PSAs are often placed for free.
需要注意的是，当我们通常想提及听者时，我们通常使用tell; 当我们不希望具体说明听者时，我们则通常使用say.
二．直接引语如果是疑问句, 变为间接引语时, 要把疑问句语序改为陈述句语序(主语在谓语之前)。句末用句号, 原句的人称, 时态和状语都要相应的发生变化。
1. 一般疑问句变为间接引语时, 要变成陈述语气, 并要加连词if或whether。主句中的谓语动词是said时, 要改为asked。没有间接宾语的, 可以加一个间接宾语(me, him或us等)。
如: Matt asked Ann, “Are you the happiest person in the world ”
→Matt asked Ann whether／if she was the happiest person in the world.
“Are ads playing tricks on us ” I asked her.
→I asked her whether／if all ads were playing tricks on us.
He said, “Are you interested in English ”
→He asked (me) if 1 was interested in English.
2. 特殊疑问句变为间接引语时, 仍用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如:
“Where do you go in the summer vacation ” Jack inquired.
→Jack inquired where I went in the summer vacation.
“How much have we spent on petrol this year ” Susan asked her husband.
→Susan asked her husband how much they had spent on petrol that year.
I asked her, “How can that be true ”
→I asked her how that could be true.
“Where did you find the advertisements for jobs abroad ” Bill asked.
→Bill asked where I had found the advertisements for jobs abroad.
“When did you get the tickets for the concert ” I asked Wang Hua.
→I asked Wang Hua when he had got the tickets for the concert.
3. 祈使句变为间接引语
转述祈使句时, 要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式, 并在不定式的前面根据句子的意思加上tell, ask. order等动词, 其句型是: tell／ask／order someone (not) to do something。如果祈使句为否定式, 在不定式的前面加上not。或简洁的记为“一改”“二变”“三加”“四去”法。“一改”即: said(to)改为asked (或told, ordered等)；“二变”即said to的宾语或呼语变为asked等的宾语: “三加”即在动词原形前加to, 使之成为动词不定式；“四去”即去掉please。如:
He said to her: “Don’t take the book away. ’’
→He asked her not to take the book away.
“Take me up to the 15th floor, please. ’’ she said to the woman.
→She asked the woman to take her up to the 15th floor.
The writer said, “Think about why you should do the things the ad suggests.”
→The writer told us to think about why we should do the things the ad suggested.
Tip: There are other verbs that can be used in this structure to report imperative sentences:
advise／encourage／invite／remind／warn
“Don’t believe every advertisement you read,” Michelle said to me.
→Michelle advised me not to believe every advertisement I read.
“Don't forget to take your medicine, Dad,” my daughter said.
→My daughter reminded me not to forget to take my medicine.
Step4 Practice
T: Well, there, s enough explanation. Now let’s see whether you really understand it. Now let’s come to exercises A and B on Page 11. Finish them by yourselves.
Give the Ss several minutes to finish them.
After they finish them, get some of them to report their answers to the whole class. Correct the mistakes if any. Then get the Ss finish the exercises in the workbook, Page 86, finish C1 and C2 within seven minutes alone.
Several minutes later, check the answers with the whole class.
Step5 Language Points
1. I recommend that we purchase 10 copies for the library. (Page 9)
▲recommend vt. 推荐，介绍；劝告；建议。
recommendation n. 推举，推荐；推荐信，求职介绍信
I recommend meeting him first. 我建议先见他。
recommend后跟从句时，也要用(should)do形式。
I recommend that you resign．我建议你辞职。
2. Use a large advertisement whenever possible. (Page 11)
▲whenever possible这是一个省略的状语从句, 原句应为Whenever it is possible. 在when, while, if, where, once等引导的状语从句中, 如果从句主语与主句主语相同或从句主语是it且从句谓语动词含有系动词be, 可省略从句主语和系动词be。如：
Be careful when／while (you are) crossing the road.
Make some changes where (it is) necessary.
Everyone will come to your help if (it is) possible.
经典回放：
(1) When first ______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced
(2) ______ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t seem big at all.
A. Compare B When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared
(3)Unless ______ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
(4)The research is so designed that once ______, nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B having begun C. beginning D. begun
答案：B D A D
Step6 Summary and Homework
T: In this period we’ve 1earned more about direct speech and reported speech. We must pay attention to what the major changes are when we change direct speed into indirect speech. So after class, please go over the instructions on Page 10.
Homework for today:
一、把直接引语改成间接引语
1. He said, “I like maths very much.”
He said that ______ ______ maths very much.
2. George said that, “I saw her yesterday. ”
George said that he ______ ______ her ______ ______ before.
3. She asked us, “Have you seen the film before ’’
She asked us______ ______ ______ ______ the film before.
4. He said to Rose, “Where did you buy this watch ”
He asked Rose ______ ______ ______ ______ that watch.
5. Lucy said, “I'll come here tomorrow.”
Lucy said that she ______ ______ ______ the next day.
6. Tom said, “Don’t play in the street, Mary·”
Tom told______ ______ ______ play in the street.
二、改错
1. I was afraid that he won’t come to our party this evening.
2. Can you tell me how many students are there in your class
3. He asked me that I could sing the song “My Heart Will Go On.”
4. She thought that the work was too difficult to do it.
5. Could you tell me what our hometown will like in the year 2015
6. He said that they are going to the small village again.
7. The teacher told us that the earth moved around the sun.
8. I don’t know if Tom comes to the party this evening.
Record after teaching:
Period 8 TaskⅠ
Teaching goals
1. Help the students learn the skills of listening for statistics and stating their opinions.
2. Help the students learn how to listen for statistics and descriptions.
3. Help the students learn how to state opinions and give supporting reasons.
Teaching important and difficult points
1.Skills of listening for statistics and descriptions.
2.Skills of stating opinions and giving supporting reasons.
Teaching methods
Individual work; Group／pair work; Listening.
Teaching aids
A tape recorder and a multimedia.
Teaching procedures and ways
Step I Revision
Check the homework.
Suggested answers:
一、1. he liked 2. had seen the day 3. if we had seen
4. where she had bought 5. would go there 6. Mary not to
二、1. I was afraid that he wouldn’t come to our party this evening.
2. Can you tell me how many students there are in your class
3. He told me that I could sing the song “My Heart Will Go On.”
4. She thought that the work was too difficult to do.
5. Could you tell me what our hometown will be like in the year 2015
6. He said that they were going to the small village again.
7. The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
8. I don’t know if Tom will come to the party this evening.
Step2 Listening for statistics and descriptions
In this part, students will learn to gain information from statistics. They will listen for fractions, decimals, percentages and descriptions of statistics.
(1). Help students review the expressions of fractions, decimals and percentages.
1/2 (a/one half)
2/3 (two thirds)
4/7 (four sevenths)
3/4 (three quarters)
0.45 (zero point four five)
9.89 (nine point eight nine)
76% (seventy-six per cent)
34.34％ (thirty-four point three four per cent)
(2). Have students go over Point 1 on page 12, and make sure that they know how to read fractions, decimals and percentages.
(3). Have students go over Point 2 on page 12, and make sure that they know how to describe an increase, a decrease, no change, trends, a range, an average and a limit.
(4). Have students listen to the recording and do the exercise on page 12.
Answers
1.1,200 1,400
2.85% 65%
3.50%-60% 75.5%
4 23.4% 11.5% 24.5% 13.6%
5.9,000 3,000
Step3 Completing a bar chart
This part is designed to help students develop their listening skills. Students are first asked to listen to an announcement made by the director of a company and complete a bar chart for future reference. While listening, students may refer to the information in the table and the bar chart as well. Then they will read a memo from the director and decide on the subject of the memo.
1. Ask students to use the information in the table to complete part of the bar chart in Part A on Page 13. Then check their answers as a class.
2. Have students listen to the recording and complete the rest of the bar chart in Part A. Check their answers as a class.
Tape script:
Director: Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. We’re here today to talk about the number of our chocolate bar we have sold over the years. The ChocoLoco bar was first sold in nineteen fifty. We did quite well in the first year. with a ten point five per cent share of the market. However, the sales figures in the next few years were not so good. By nineteen sixty, market shares had decreased by five per cent. Then we introduced a new market program, and market share increased to seven per cent in nineteen seventy. However, this was still below what we had expected. In nineteen seventy-nine, we packaged the chocolate bar in a new way. The results were good, and in nineteen eighty, the number of people buying ChocoLoco rose sharply to twelve per cent. The sales figures for nineteen ninety staved the Sallie as those for nineteen eighty. In the year two thousand, we had a flew model i n our advertisements. This had a good effect and market share increased to fifteen per cent. We will continue using this model in our advertisements and packaging. In two thousand and ten, we expect a nineteen point five per cent market share. We hope that this increase will continue, and in two thousand and twenty, we expect it to rise to twenty-four per cent.
Thank you for your attention.
Answers
A
3. Have students read the memo from the director in Part B on page 13. Ask them to work in pairs to decide the subject of the memo. Then check the answers as a class. All reasonable answers can be accepted.
Answer
B Repackaging of the ChocoLoco bar
Step4 Summary and Homework
T: In this period we have learned how to listen for statistics and descriptions. They are so practical, so don’t forget to practice using them in your studies. So much for today. Remember to preview next period.
Record after teaching:
Period 9 Task Ⅱ
Teaching goals
1. Help the students learn the skills of stating their opinions.
2. Help the students learn how to state opinions.
Teaching important and difficult points
Skills of stating opinions and giving supporting reasons.
Teaching methods
Individual work; Group／pair work; Listening.
Teach