2011高考英语备考课件：语法专题(十二)冠词
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| 更新时间 | 2011-04-22 09:43:00 | ||
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课件97张PPT。2011高考英语备考课件：语法专题(十二)冠词
一、不定冠词a，an的用法
1．泛指：用于首次提到某人或某物或表示“一”这个数量，意思和one类似。这样考过
①(大连测试)A proverb says that ________ new broom sweeps clean，but ________ old one knows all the corners.
A．a; the B．a; an
C．the; an D．the; a
解析：由句意知两空都为泛指。意思是：新官上任三把火，但老官对情况有全面的了解。
答案：B②(重庆)Washing machines made by China have won ________ worldwide attention and Haier has become
________ popular name.
A．a; the B．/; a
C．/; the D．the; a
解析：句意：中国制造的洗衣机赢得了世界的关注，海尔已成为大众喜爱的一个品牌名称。attention是不可数名词，此处表泛指，用零冠词；name是可数名词，此处也表泛指，需用不定冠词修饰，故B项正确。
答案：B③(甘肃河西地区联考)We had ________ nice dinner after the meeting with ________ dishes of fish，meat，vegetables and dessert.
A．a; / B．the; the
C．a; the D．/；the
解析：第一空泛指，第二空因其后的介词短语作定语为特指，选C。
答案：C2．类指：用于单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或事物。
这样考过
④(长郡中学)Laid-off workers cannot afford to purchase medicines from ________ chemist when they get sick，nor do their children keep ________ healthy diet.
A．a; / B．a; a
C．the; / D．the; the解析：第一空a chemist“药店”；第二空keep a healthy diet“保持健康的饮食习惯”均为泛指，选B。
答案：B
3．用于抽象名词和物质名词前，使抽象名词具体化，意为“一种……”，“一份……”等：用于breakfast，lunch，supper前表示“一顿”。这样考过
⑤(皖南八校联考)—What do you think of the manager of your company?
—Oh，he is ________ manager who's pleasant to work with.It's ________ pleasure to work with him.
A．the; a B．a; a
C．a; the D．/; a解析：答语表示“他是一位很好共事的人，跟他共事是一种乐趣”，两空均用不定冠词。
答案：B⑥(安徽)We can never expect ________ bluer sky unless we create ________ less polluted world.
A．a; a B．a; the
C．the; a D．the; the
解析：句意：如果我们不能创建一个污染越来越少的世界，就永远不要期待有一片更蓝的天空。世界上独一无二的名词甚至一些抽象名词之前如果有形容词修饰，可加不定冠词。如：a red sun 一轮红日；a great success 一次巨大的成功。
答案：A⑦(2007·山东)________ walk is expected to last all day，so bring ________ packed lunch.
A．A; a B．The; /
C．The; a D．A; /
解析：the walk特指，而第二空表“一顿什么样的饭”。
答案：C4．用于形容词最高级前无比较含义。
这样考过
⑧(洛阳统考)—What do you think of ________ question?
—Well，________ most difficult one indeed.
A．/; the B．/; a
C．the; a D．the; the
解析：第一个空特指提到问题，a most difficult one 相当难的一个。
答案：C5．用于人名、地名等专有名词前，意为“某个叫……的人”，“一个像……的人”，“一个……的地方”等。相当于some。
这样考过
⑨(湖南师大附中)Looking back，we have reasons to believe that ________ more prosperous and stronger China will surely make new contributions to ________ civilization of mankind.
A．a; a B．a; the
C．the; the D．the; a解析：回首过去，我们有理由相信一个更繁荣富强的中国将会为人类的文明做出新的贡献。第二空特指人类的文明。
答案：B⑩(2006·全国Ⅰ)—Hello，could I speak to Mr.Smith?
—Sorry，wrong number.There isn't ________Mr.Smith here.
A．/ B．a
C．the D．one
解析：句意为：这里没有一个叫Smith的人。人名和Mr，Mrs，Miss连用时，用不定冠词表“某个。”根据语意应选B项。
答案：B?(成都)Rosa didn't remember the exact date of the storm，but she knew it was ________ Sunday because everybody was at ________ church.
A．/; the B．a; /
C．/; a D．the; /
答案：B6．用于表示时间或度量单位的名词前，意为“每一……”。用于价格、速度等。
可能这样考
?They met each other once________month.
A．the B．/
C．a D．an
解析：年、月、日、小时、分钟等名词前用a，表示计量单位。如：once a month 一月一次。
答案：C?The envelopes are one yuan ________dozen.
A．a B．an
C．the D．/
解析：不定冠词可表示计量单位，如：one yuan a dozen一打一元。
答案：A7．用于固定搭配中：
at a time 每次
once upon a time从前
make a fool of oneself出洋相
an hour or two一两个小时
take a bath洗澡
a great many很多
have a walk散步
as a rule照例take an interest in…对……产生兴趣
make a living谋生
have a smoke抽支烟
as a matter of fact事实上
as a whole全部地，整体?(南通调研)Mrs. Hanson，a housewife bent on getting ________ higher education，has been going to college，a few courses at ________ time，for 5 years.
A．a; a B．/; the
C．the; a D．/; /
解析：句意为：汉森夫人，是一位家庭主妇，她致力于接受更高的教育，已经就读大学五年，每次学几门课程。第一空用不定冠词，表示泛指；第二空考查短语at a time 每次。
答案：A?(浙江)I don't understand what the engineer means，but I've got ________ rough idea of ________ project plan.
A．the; a B．/; the
C．the; / D．a; the
解析：句意：我不明白那位工程师的意思，但我已大致了解这个项目计划。have a rough idea是固定短语“大致了解”，而plan在本句中表特指，故用the。
答案：D?(淄博质检)—In recent years，________ problem of global warming has been very serious.
—That's right.People are facing ________ number of natural disasters now.
A．/; a B．a; the
C．the; a D．a; a
解析：考查冠词。第一空为特指“全球变暖的问题”；第二空为固定搭配a number of“很多”。所以选C。
答案：C?(2007·温州)Chinese students may have ________ good control of ________ English grammar，yet unable to express their ideas in conversation.
A．the; / B．a; the
C．a; / D．/; the
解析：have a control of为固定搭配，意思是“控制……”；English grammar为抽象名词，因此前面没有冠词。
答案：C8．用在序数词前表示“又一，再一”
这样考过
?(浙江东阳中学)We were shocked to hear the news that ________ two Chinese were killed in South Korea.Worse still，________ third one died in hospital afterwards.
A．/; a B．the; the
C．the; a D．/; the
答案：A?(辽宁重点模拟)Some of the exercises appear to be ________ ones that you have done，but after taking ________ second look，you will find that they are different.
A．/; the B．the; the
C．the; a D．/; a
解析：第一空表特指，即“有些练习与你做过的相似”，第二空指的是“再仔细看一下”，所以要用take a second look。意思是“有些练习与你做过的相似，但是再看过之后，你会发现它们是不同的”。
答案：C?(四川)In order to find ________ better job，he decided to study ________ second foreign language.
A．the; a B．a; a
C．the; the D．a; the
解析：句意：为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习一门外语。第一个a表示泛指；a second(...)又一。
答案：B二、定冠词the的用法
1．特指：用于双方皆知的人或事物前；用于第二次提到某人或某物；用于被限定性定语修饰的名词前。
这样考过
(陕西)What ________ pity that you couldn't be there to receive ________ prize!
A．a; a B．the; a
C．a; the D．the; the解析：句意：你没能去领奖，真是遗憾！第一空中a pity为固定结构：used to show that you are disappointed about sth.遗憾，可惜；根据题意可知第二空后的prize(奖品)是双方都知道的事物，表特指，故用定冠词。
答案：C(全国Ⅱ)What I need is ________ book that contains ________ ABC of oil painting.
A．a; / B．the; /
C．the; an D．a; the
解析：句意：我需要的是一本含有油画入门内容的书。the ABC of...意为“……的入门”。
答案：D(徐州调研)Graduates of 2009 share ________ fate of entering the work force at a bad time，when the world is sinking deeper into ________ financial crisis.
A．the; / B．a; the
C．a; / D．the; a
解析：由句中的of短语作定语知第一空填the表特指；第二空填不定冠词a表泛指。故选D。
答案：D2．类指：用于单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或事物。
这样考过
(北京)The biggest whale is ________ blue whale，which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of
________ 9-story building.
A．the; the B．a; a
C．a; the D．the; a解析：句意：最大的鲸鱼是蓝鲸，它大约可长到29米，——9层楼的高度。the blue whale 蓝鲸，the＋单数名词为特指一类事物；a 9-story building为泛指，故选D。
答案：D(北京西城区)________ panda is one of ________ remaining endangered animals in the world.
A．The; the B．A; a
C．The; a D．/; the
解析：panda前可加a，或the表示熊猫这种动物。但后面须用the特指现存的一类濒危动物，故选A。
答案：A3．用于表示独一无二的事物的名词前、表示方位的名词前。
这样考过
(北京崇文区)On the way home，________ sky grew dark，and ________ cold rain began to fall.
A．the; / B．/; the
C．the; a D．/; a
解析：sky前面加the“sky”； a cold rain 一场冰冷的雨表泛指。
答案：C4．用于序数词、形容词的最高级前。
这样考过
(辽宁)This area experienced ________ heaviest rainfall in ________ month of May.
A．/; a B．a; the
C．the; the D．the; a
解析：句意：这个地区在5月经历了最大的降雨量。形容词最高级前需用定冠词；“在五月”表达为in May或in the month of May。
答案：C(北京海淀区)The New York Times started________ new text messaging service that delivers ________ latest news to mobile phones.
A．a; the B．the; the
C．/; / D．the; a
解析：纽约时报开始一次新的文本信息服务项目是把最新的消息发到手机上。第一个空修饰名词service，泛指用“a”，第二个空指最新的消息，用“the”修饰。
答案：A5．用于形容词、分词前，表示一类人或物。
这样考过
(湖南祁阳四中)________ government has promised to take measures to help ________ unemployed.
A．The; the B．/; the
C．The; / D．/; /
答案：A(2008·四川资阳三模)It is widely accepted that ________ beautiful is always ________ joy to everyone.
A．a; a B．/; the
C．the; / D．the; a
解析：句意：每个人看到美的事物都很愉快已普遍被人们所接受。the＋形容词或者分词表示“一类人或者物”；joy “欢乐，喜悦，快乐，乐事，乐趣”，是可数名词。所以此题答案只有D项正确。
答案：D6．用于姓氏的复数形式前，意为“……夫妇”，“……一家人”。
这样考过
(2007·全国Ⅱ)—Could you tell me the way to ________ Johnsons please?
—Sorry，we don't have ________ Johnson here in the village.
A．the; the B．the; a
C．/; the D．the; /解析：在姓氏的复数前面必须要加the，来表示这一家。在第二句中，我们村没有叫Johnson的，这里应该是泛指，所以应该用a，所以本题的答案是B。
答案：B7．用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前；用于表示江、河、湖、海、山脉、岛屿、国家的名词前。
这样考过
(江西八校联考)________ Premier Wen Jiabao delivered ________ Annual Report at the opening meeting of ________ National People's Congress on March 5th,2009.
A．/; the; the B．The; the; the
C．The; /; the D．/; /; the解析：考查冠词。第一空为称谓，其前不加冠词。第二、三空分别为专有名词，且the Annual Report《年度报告》；the National People's Congress“全国人民代表大会”。综上选A。
答案：A(南通调研)What lessons China can draw from ________ global financial crisis has become ________ hot topic among us students.
A．the; a B．/; a
C．a; the D．/; the
解析：考查冠词。第一空指“全球金融危机”，选the；第二空指“一个热门话题”为泛指。故选A。
答案：A(2008·启东中学)Much to the disappointment of the neighboring countries，the Japanese government refuses to admit ________ crime they did in ________ World War Ⅱ in the history.
A．the; the B．/; the
C．/; / D．the; /
解析：第一个空后面的名词含有定语从句，其意表特指，需填定冠词。第二个空后是由普通名词＋数词构成的专有名词，其前不用冠词。
答案：D8．用于表示乐器的名词前。
可能这样考
Tom likes playing ________basketball while his sister likes playing________ piano.
A．/; / B．the; the
C．/; the D．the; /
解析：球类不加the，乐器加the。
答案：C9．用在地理名词、以festival组成的(以day组成的除外)节日名词、方位名词、语言等名词前。
这样考过
(江苏武进区四校联考)At noon we reached ________ small village to ________ east of ________ Summer Palace.
A．the; the; the B．a; /; the
C．a; the; / D．a; /; /解析：中午，我们到达了位于颐和园以东的那个小村庄
答案：A
(浙江嘉兴)Shenzhou Ⅶ，________ country's third manned spaceship，was launched successfully on September 25,2008 in ________ northwest of Gansu Province，China.
A．a; / B．the; the
C．the; / D．a; the
答案：B10．用在固定句式中的人体部位前。
这样考过
(2008·浙江)________apple fell from the tree and hit him on ________head.
A．An; the B．The; the
C．An; / D．The; /
解析：句意：一个苹果从树上落下，砸在他的头上。第一空泛指一个苹果，应用不定冠词an；“动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体某一部位”为固定句式，故第二空用the。
答案：A11．固定搭配：
in the evening在晚上
by the way顺便问一下
at the moment此时
in the end最后
on the whole总的来说
by the hour按小时
to the point切题
in the distance在远处这样考过
(全国Ⅰ)Let's go to ________ cinema—that'll take your mind off the problem for ________ while.
A．the; the B．the; a
C．a; the D．a; a
解析：句意：让我们去看场电影吧——那将会让你暂时放下头脑中的问题。go to the cinema为固定搭配，意为“去看场电影”；第二空for a while为固定搭配。
答案：B(宜春期末)The tour will provide ________ unique opportunity for you to live with British family for a week in ________ hope that you will have a better understanding of the UK.
A．a; / B．an; /
C．a; the D．an; the解析：考查冠词。provide a unique opportunity“提供一个特别的机会”，注意形容词unique的发音，不是元音开头，故用a；in the hope“怀着希望”，为固定搭配，故选C。
答案：C
三、零冠词的用法
1．泛指的可数名词复数形式表示一般概念。
这样考过
(北京东城区)Have you read ________ today's news？The price of ________ houses has slightly gone down.
A．the; the B．/; the
C．the; / D．/; /解析：第一空中已有定语today's，故不填定冠词，更不填不定冠词，因news为不可数名词；第二空“房价”泛指。综上选D。
答案：D
(郴州质检)In China，________ pressure to pass ________ exams tends to cause lack of students' creativity.
A．/; / B．the; the
C．the; / D．/; the
解析：第一空由其后的不定式作定语知为特指；第二空为泛指，故选C。
答案：C(盐城调研)Welcome to Thekdilors.com；here are ________ tips on taking part，but to join in，all you need to do is add ________ comment.
A．/; / B．/; a
C．/; the D．the; /
解析：由句意知第一空格处不填冠词，因tips表泛指；第二空格处填一表泛指的不定冠词。故选B。
答案：B2．抽象名词和物质名词表示一般概念时。
这样考过
(漳州质检)Because ________ unemployment is very high at present；it's not easy for a fresh graduate to find ________ satisfying job as he wishes.
A．the; / B．/; a
C．the; a D．an; the解析：句中第一空unemployment“失业率”为抽象名词，其前不加冠词；a job“一份工作”为泛指，其前加不定冠词。故选B。句意：由于目前失业率很高，大学毕业生很难找到一份称心如意的工作。
答案：B(江西)Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in ________ weather around the world.
A．/; the B．the; /
C．an; the D．the; a
解析：句意：一些人害怕空气污染可能会引起世界气候的变化。第一空后的air pollution为抽象名词，表泛指概念，故用零冠词；第二空后的不可数名词weather后有修饰短语around the world，表特指用定冠词，故选A。
答案：A3．人名、地名、国名、星期、月份、季节、节日等专有名词。
这样考过
(浙江五校联考)I was told that ________ 10∶15 flight would take us to Shanghai in time to reach ________ Fudan University.
A．the; / B．the; a
C．a; the D．/; the解析：第一空为特指10∶15的航班，用the；第二空为专有名词，不需冠词。难度适中。
答案：A
4．学科、球类、游戏、颜色、感官、三餐、棋类、疾病等名词。
这样考过
(玉林、南宁联考)Of all the subjects，I like ________ history the best because it gives us ________ useful knowledge of things in the past.
A．the; a B．/; a
C．a; the D．a; /解析：科目前不加冠词，knowledge为不可数名词，但用来表示某一门具体知识时，其前加不定冠词，故选B。
答案：B
(开封模拟)Do you know ________ speaker of ________ Chinese language also has difficulty in learning ________ Japanese?
A．the; the; a B．a; the; /
C．the; the; the D．a; /; the
解析：“a”为泛指，“the”为特指，许多特殊名词前无需定冠词，比如某种具体语言，“Japanese”在句中的意义为“日语”，仅凭这一点，可排除A、C、D。
答案：B5．称呼语、表示职位的名词、表示家庭成员的名词。
这样考过
(南京调研)Jacques Rogge，________ president of the IOC，delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of
________ Beijing Olympic Games on Aug.8,2008.
A．/; the B．the; the
C．the; / D．/; /
答案：A6．名词前已有其他限定词(名词所有格、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、不定代词数词等)修饰。
这样考过
(2007·湖南十所)Being China Daily's ________ only woman representative put her in ________ unusual position when Miss Liu set out to attend the fifth session of the CPPCC.
A．the; an B．/; the
C．the; the D．/; an解析：第一空单数名词前已有专有名词作定语，因此该名词不加冠词，第二空表示“一个不同寻常的位置”没有具体所指，加an。
答案：D7．as或though引导的倒装句中，作表语的单数可数名词置于句首时。
这样考过
(2007·石家庄)Zhouzhou is ________ success，________ disabled child as he is.
A．a; the B．a; /
C．the; a D．the; the解析：success用作可数名词表示“一个成功的人/事”；将表语放在as之前，如果表语是单数名词，其前边常用零冠词。
答案：B
8．固定搭配：
day and night日夜
from morning till night从早到晚
father and son父子
face to face面对面
step by step逐渐地
by land由陆路
catch fire着火
in space在太空这样考过
(湖南十二校联考)It is thought that now that Obama is safely in ________ office，he is trying to appeal to younger Americans once more—with some help from ________
hairdresser.
A．the; the B．an; a
C．/; a D．the; /解析：固定搭配：in office“任职”；a hairdresser表泛指，故选C。
答案：C(北京海淀区)By ________ nature，you are an adventurer，full of amazement and curiosity about ________ world bigger than life itself.
A．a; the B．the; the
C．/; a D．the; /
解析：by nature是习惯用法，意为从本质意义上来说，后面world指一个……的世界，故用a。
答案：C(北京石景山区)Pass me ________ exercise-book on the shelf.I want to keep ________ diary from now on.
A．a; a B．the; a
C．the; / D．an; a
解析：“架子上的练习册”为特指，故用“the”，“写日记”为固定搭配keep a diary。
答案：B
单项填空
1．—John，there is________Mr.Wilson on the phone for you.
—I'm in________bath.
A．a; the B．/; a
C．a; / D．the; /
答案与解析：C a Mr.Wilson表示有个叫Wilson的人，是泛指；in bath是一固定搭配，表示正在洗澡。2．According to the recent reports，one of rare animals，________crocodile，is in________danger of dying out.
A．the; the B．the; /
C．/; / D．/; the
答案与解析：B crocodile为表示类别的可数名词单数形式，其前面常用定冠词the表类别；in danger为固定短语，表示处于危险中。3．When I told him he had to be paid by________hour，he became angry and hit me on ________ nose.
A．an; my B．the; the
C．an; the D．/; the
答案与解析：B be paid by the hour表示“以小时来支付”，计量单位前用the；hit sb.on the nose，表示身体部位的名词前用the。4．Early in the morning，________word came that David had been made________governor of the state.
A．the; the B．/; a
C．a; the D．/; /
答案与解析：D word表示“消息”时一般不加冠词，governor表示头衔不加冠词。5．I wonder what it feels like to be one of________really rich.The Browns already have two Rolls Royces and now they are buying________third.
A．the; the B．/; a
C．the; a D．/; the
答案与解析：C 形容词前加定冠词the，表示一类人，the really rich真正的富人；序数词前加a表示“再一，又一”的意思。6．—It's reported that nearly 100,000 people lost their lives in Haiti earthquake.
—Yes，________news came as________shock to me.
A．the; a B．the; /
C．/; a D．a; the
答案与解析：A 此处news特指前文地震中10万人死亡的新闻，故用the；shock在此处是抽象名词具体化的用法，指“一个震惊”。7．Teaching________child to cook will improve many of the skills that he or she will need later in________life.
A．/; the B．a; /
C．a; the D．the; a
答案与解析：B a child表泛指；life为一抽象名词，泛指人生，之前不用冠词。8．There was________accident here about an hour ago.________car hit a tree and________driver was killed.
A．the; A; the B．an; A; the
C．an; The; a D．the; The; a
答案与解析：B 第一、二空均为泛指，没有特指“哪个事故或哪一辆车”之意，第三空则特指“该车的司机”。9．I remember he lives in________south，so we shouldn't be walking________west.
A．/; / B．/; the
C．the; / D．the; the
答案与解析：C in the south在南方，方位名词前加定冠词the；walk west，此处west为副词，因此之前不用冠词。10．Mr.Smith，there's a man at________front door who says he has________news for you of great importance.
A．the; / B．the; the
C．/; / D．/; the
答案与解析：A front door为特指，须用定冠词the，此处消息news是不可数名词，不特指什么消息，不用冠词。11．If there were no________examinations，I should have ________ much happier time at school.
A．an; a B．the; a
C．/; a D．/; /
答案与解析：C examinations泛指考试，因此不用冠词；have a time为固定短语，have a much happier time意为“过得更快乐”。12．The child had only ________ slight fever，but the doctor regarded ________ illness as serious enough for ________ hospital treatment.
A．/; /; the B．a; /; /
C．a; the; / D．/; the; the
答案与解析：C have a fever为固定搭配“发烧”，illness特指“发烧”，前面用定冠词。treatment为抽象概念，不加冠词。13．________parents may have a stronger desire to see their children step into the world of________.
A．Poor; rich B．The poor; rich
C．Poor; the rich D．The poor; the rich
答案与解析：C 前面是形容词作定语，表泛指，后面是“the rich”表示一类人。14．—Of the two apples，which one do you prefer?
—________bigger one.It's ________most delicious one，I think.
A．The; a B．The; the
C．A; / D．A; the
答案与解析：A 二者中较大的一个，表特指，故第一空用the，后面的most意为“很，非常”，无比较意义，其前加不定冠词表泛指。15．My brother is playing________violin while my sister is chatting on________Internet.
A．/; the B．the; the
C．the; / D．a; the
答案与解析：B violin是西洋乐器的名称；the Internet是英语中的固定用法，故两词前面都要加一定冠词the。16．There has been________rising demand for grain as
________industrial material.
A．/; an B．a; an
C．the; an D．a; /
答案与解析：D rising demand在此表示的是一种“需求”现象，因此需用不定冠词，后面industrial material是物质名词，因此不加冠词。17．We saw Jane in________tears；the boy she was in________ love with had left her.
A．/; / B．/; the
C．the; / D．the; the
答案与解析：A 前后都是表示抽象意义的固定短语，因此都不用冠词。18．Reading is________good habit.Stick to it，and you will make________great progress.
A．a; / B．a; a
C．the; a D．/; a
答案与解析：A 本题考查冠词的基本用法。“读书”是泛指的一种习惯，因此前面用不定冠词a；后面的progress是不可数名词，因此前面不加冠词。19．________most efficient way to understand thousands of new works is to gain________good knowledge of basic word formation.
A．A; a B．The; /
C．A; / D．The; the
答案与解析：A 本题考查冠词的基本用法。前面泛指“一种”方法；后面knowledge是由抽象名词转化来的可数名词，前面需加冠词，表示“一门知识”。本题的两个空都用不定冠词a。20．According to a new study by a British university，learning________second language can lead to________increase in your brain power.
A．a; the B．/; the
C．a; an D．the; an
答案与解析：C “a second language”泛指一门第二外语；后面的increase作名词讲，是可数名词，因此前面需加不定冠词an。
一、不定冠词a，an的用法
1．泛指：用于首次提到某人或某物或表示“一”这个数量，意思和one类似。这样考过
①(大连测试)A proverb says that ________ new broom sweeps clean，but ________ old one knows all the corners.
A．a; the B．a; an
C．the; an D．the; a
解析：由句意知两空都为泛指。意思是：新官上任三把火，但老官对情况有全面的了解。
答案：B②(重庆)Washing machines made by China have won ________ worldwide attention and Haier has become
________ popular name.
A．a; the B．/; a
C．/; the D．the; a
解析：句意：中国制造的洗衣机赢得了世界的关注，海尔已成为大众喜爱的一个品牌名称。attention是不可数名词，此处表泛指，用零冠词；name是可数名词，此处也表泛指，需用不定冠词修饰，故B项正确。
答案：B③(甘肃河西地区联考)We had ________ nice dinner after the meeting with ________ dishes of fish，meat，vegetables and dessert.
A．a; / B．the; the
C．a; the D．/；the
解析：第一空泛指，第二空因其后的介词短语作定语为特指，选C。
答案：C2．类指：用于单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或事物。
这样考过
④(长郡中学)Laid-off workers cannot afford to purchase medicines from ________ chemist when they get sick，nor do their children keep ________ healthy diet.
A．a; / B．a; a
C．the; / D．the; the解析：第一空a chemist“药店”；第二空keep a healthy diet“保持健康的饮食习惯”均为泛指，选B。
答案：B
3．用于抽象名词和物质名词前，使抽象名词具体化，意为“一种……”，“一份……”等：用于breakfast，lunch，supper前表示“一顿”。这样考过
⑤(皖南八校联考)—What do you think of the manager of your company?
—Oh，he is ________ manager who's pleasant to work with.It's ________ pleasure to work with him.
A．the; a B．a; a
C．a; the D．/; a解析：答语表示“他是一位很好共事的人，跟他共事是一种乐趣”，两空均用不定冠词。
答案：B⑥(安徽)We can never expect ________ bluer sky unless we create ________ less polluted world.
A．a; a B．a; the
C．the; a D．the; the
解析：句意：如果我们不能创建一个污染越来越少的世界，就永远不要期待有一片更蓝的天空。世界上独一无二的名词甚至一些抽象名词之前如果有形容词修饰，可加不定冠词。如：a red sun 一轮红日；a great success 一次巨大的成功。
答案：A⑦(2007·山东)________ walk is expected to last all day，so bring ________ packed lunch.
A．A; a B．The; /
C．The; a D．A; /
解析：the walk特指，而第二空表“一顿什么样的饭”。
答案：C4．用于形容词最高级前无比较含义。
这样考过
⑧(洛阳统考)—What do you think of ________ question?
—Well，________ most difficult one indeed.
A．/; the B．/; a
C．the; a D．the; the
解析：第一个空特指提到问题，a most difficult one 相当难的一个。
答案：C5．用于人名、地名等专有名词前，意为“某个叫……的人”，“一个像……的人”，“一个……的地方”等。相当于some。
这样考过
⑨(湖南师大附中)Looking back，we have reasons to believe that ________ more prosperous and stronger China will surely make new contributions to ________ civilization of mankind.
A．a; a B．a; the
C．the; the D．the; a解析：回首过去，我们有理由相信一个更繁荣富强的中国将会为人类的文明做出新的贡献。第二空特指人类的文明。
答案：B⑩(2006·全国Ⅰ)—Hello，could I speak to Mr.Smith?
—Sorry，wrong number.There isn't ________Mr.Smith here.
A．/ B．a
C．the D．one
解析：句意为：这里没有一个叫Smith的人。人名和Mr，Mrs，Miss连用时，用不定冠词表“某个。”根据语意应选B项。
答案：B?(成都)Rosa didn't remember the exact date of the storm，but she knew it was ________ Sunday because everybody was at ________ church.
A．/; the B．a; /
C．/; a D．the; /
答案：B6．用于表示时间或度量单位的名词前，意为“每一……”。用于价格、速度等。
可能这样考
?They met each other once________month.
A．the B．/
C．a D．an
解析：年、月、日、小时、分钟等名词前用a，表示计量单位。如：once a month 一月一次。
答案：C?The envelopes are one yuan ________dozen.
A．a B．an
C．the D．/
解析：不定冠词可表示计量单位，如：one yuan a dozen一打一元。
答案：A7．用于固定搭配中：
at a time 每次
once upon a time从前
make a fool of oneself出洋相
an hour or two一两个小时
take a bath洗澡
a great many很多
have a walk散步
as a rule照例take an interest in…对……产生兴趣
make a living谋生
have a smoke抽支烟
as a matter of fact事实上
as a whole全部地，整体?(南通调研)Mrs. Hanson，a housewife bent on getting ________ higher education，has been going to college，a few courses at ________ time，for 5 years.
A．a; a B．/; the
C．the; a D．/; /
解析：句意为：汉森夫人，是一位家庭主妇，她致力于接受更高的教育，已经就读大学五年，每次学几门课程。第一空用不定冠词，表示泛指；第二空考查短语at a time 每次。
答案：A?(浙江)I don't understand what the engineer means，but I've got ________ rough idea of ________ project plan.
A．the; a B．/; the
C．the; / D．a; the
解析：句意：我不明白那位工程师的意思，但我已大致了解这个项目计划。have a rough idea是固定短语“大致了解”，而plan在本句中表特指，故用the。
答案：D?(淄博质检)—In recent years，________ problem of global warming has been very serious.
—That's right.People are facing ________ number of natural disasters now.
A．/; a B．a; the
C．the; a D．a; a
解析：考查冠词。第一空为特指“全球变暖的问题”；第二空为固定搭配a number of“很多”。所以选C。
答案：C?(2007·温州)Chinese students may have ________ good control of ________ English grammar，yet unable to express their ideas in conversation.
A．the; / B．a; the
C．a; / D．/; the
解析：have a control of为固定搭配，意思是“控制……”；English grammar为抽象名词，因此前面没有冠词。
答案：C8．用在序数词前表示“又一，再一”
这样考过
?(浙江东阳中学)We were shocked to hear the news that ________ two Chinese were killed in South Korea.Worse still，________ third one died in hospital afterwards.
A．/; a B．the; the
C．the; a D．/; the
答案：A?(辽宁重点模拟)Some of the exercises appear to be ________ ones that you have done，but after taking ________ second look，you will find that they are different.
A．/; the B．the; the
C．the; a D．/; a
解析：第一空表特指，即“有些练习与你做过的相似”，第二空指的是“再仔细看一下”，所以要用take a second look。意思是“有些练习与你做过的相似，但是再看过之后，你会发现它们是不同的”。
答案：C?(四川)In order to find ________ better job，he decided to study ________ second foreign language.
A．the; a B．a; a
C．the; the D．a; the
解析：句意：为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习一门外语。第一个a表示泛指；a second(...)又一。
答案：B二、定冠词the的用法
1．特指：用于双方皆知的人或事物前；用于第二次提到某人或某物；用于被限定性定语修饰的名词前。
这样考过
(陕西)What ________ pity that you couldn't be there to receive ________ prize!
A．a; a B．the; a
C．a; the D．the; the解析：句意：你没能去领奖，真是遗憾！第一空中a pity为固定结构：used to show that you are disappointed about sth.遗憾，可惜；根据题意可知第二空后的prize(奖品)是双方都知道的事物，表特指，故用定冠词。
答案：C(全国Ⅱ)What I need is ________ book that contains ________ ABC of oil painting.
A．a; / B．the; /
C．the; an D．a; the
解析：句意：我需要的是一本含有油画入门内容的书。the ABC of...意为“……的入门”。
答案：D(徐州调研)Graduates of 2009 share ________ fate of entering the work force at a bad time，when the world is sinking deeper into ________ financial crisis.
A．the; / B．a; the
C．a; / D．the; a
解析：由句中的of短语作定语知第一空填the表特指；第二空填不定冠词a表泛指。故选D。
答案：D2．类指：用于单数可数名词前，表示某一类人或事物。
这样考过
(北京)The biggest whale is ________ blue whale，which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of
________ 9-story building.
A．the; the B．a; a
C．a; the D．the; a解析：句意：最大的鲸鱼是蓝鲸，它大约可长到29米，——9层楼的高度。the blue whale 蓝鲸，the＋单数名词为特指一类事物；a 9-story building为泛指，故选D。
答案：D(北京西城区)________ panda is one of ________ remaining endangered animals in the world.
A．The; the B．A; a
C．The; a D．/; the
解析：panda前可加a，或the表示熊猫这种动物。但后面须用the特指现存的一类濒危动物，故选A。
答案：A3．用于表示独一无二的事物的名词前、表示方位的名词前。
这样考过
(北京崇文区)On the way home，________ sky grew dark，and ________ cold rain began to fall.
A．the; / B．/; the
C．the; a D．/; a
解析：sky前面加the“sky”； a cold rain 一场冰冷的雨表泛指。
答案：C4．用于序数词、形容词的最高级前。
这样考过
(辽宁)This area experienced ________ heaviest rainfall in ________ month of May.
A．/; a B．a; the
C．the; the D．the; a
解析：句意：这个地区在5月经历了最大的降雨量。形容词最高级前需用定冠词；“在五月”表达为in May或in the month of May。
答案：C(北京海淀区)The New York Times started________ new text messaging service that delivers ________ latest news to mobile phones.
A．a; the B．the; the
C．/; / D．the; a
解析：纽约时报开始一次新的文本信息服务项目是把最新的消息发到手机上。第一个空修饰名词service，泛指用“a”，第二个空指最新的消息，用“the”修饰。
答案：A5．用于形容词、分词前，表示一类人或物。
这样考过
(湖南祁阳四中)________ government has promised to take measures to help ________ unemployed.
A．The; the B．/; the
C．The; / D．/; /
答案：A(2008·四川资阳三模)It is widely accepted that ________ beautiful is always ________ joy to everyone.
A．a; a B．/; the
C．the; / D．the; a
解析：句意：每个人看到美的事物都很愉快已普遍被人们所接受。the＋形容词或者分词表示“一类人或者物”；joy “欢乐，喜悦，快乐，乐事，乐趣”，是可数名词。所以此题答案只有D项正确。
答案：D6．用于姓氏的复数形式前，意为“……夫妇”，“……一家人”。
这样考过
(2007·全国Ⅱ)—Could you tell me the way to ________ Johnsons please?
—Sorry，we don't have ________ Johnson here in the village.
A．the; the B．the; a
C．/; the D．the; /解析：在姓氏的复数前面必须要加the，来表示这一家。在第二句中，我们村没有叫Johnson的，这里应该是泛指，所以应该用a，所以本题的答案是B。
答案：B7．用于由普通名词构成的专有名词前；用于表示江、河、湖、海、山脉、岛屿、国家的名词前。
这样考过
(江西八校联考)________ Premier Wen Jiabao delivered ________ Annual Report at the opening meeting of ________ National People's Congress on March 5th,2009.
A．/; the; the B．The; the; the
C．The; /; the D．/; /; the解析：考查冠词。第一空为称谓，其前不加冠词。第二、三空分别为专有名词，且the Annual Report《年度报告》；the National People's Congress“全国人民代表大会”。综上选A。
答案：A(南通调研)What lessons China can draw from ________ global financial crisis has become ________ hot topic among us students.
A．the; a B．/; a
C．a; the D．/; the
解析：考查冠词。第一空指“全球金融危机”，选the；第二空指“一个热门话题”为泛指。故选A。
答案：A(2008·启东中学)Much to the disappointment of the neighboring countries，the Japanese government refuses to admit ________ crime they did in ________ World War Ⅱ in the history.
A．the; the B．/; the
C．/; / D．the; /
解析：第一个空后面的名词含有定语从句，其意表特指，需填定冠词。第二个空后是由普通名词＋数词构成的专有名词，其前不用冠词。
答案：D8．用于表示乐器的名词前。
可能这样考
Tom likes playing ________basketball while his sister likes playing________ piano.
A．/; / B．the; the
C．/; the D．the; /
解析：球类不加the，乐器加the。
答案：C9．用在地理名词、以festival组成的(以day组成的除外)节日名词、方位名词、语言等名词前。
这样考过
(江苏武进区四校联考)At noon we reached ________ small village to ________ east of ________ Summer Palace.
A．the; the; the B．a; /; the
C．a; the; / D．a; /; /解析：中午，我们到达了位于颐和园以东的那个小村庄
答案：A
(浙江嘉兴)Shenzhou Ⅶ，________ country's third manned spaceship，was launched successfully on September 25,2008 in ________ northwest of Gansu Province，China.
A．a; / B．the; the
C．the; / D．a; the
答案：B10．用在固定句式中的人体部位前。
这样考过
(2008·浙江)________apple fell from the tree and hit him on ________head.
A．An; the B．The; the
C．An; / D．The; /
解析：句意：一个苹果从树上落下，砸在他的头上。第一空泛指一个苹果，应用不定冠词an；“动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体某一部位”为固定句式，故第二空用the。
答案：A11．固定搭配：
in the evening在晚上
by the way顺便问一下
at the moment此时
in the end最后
on the whole总的来说
by the hour按小时
to the point切题
in the distance在远处这样考过
(全国Ⅰ)Let's go to ________ cinema—that'll take your mind off the problem for ________ while.
A．the; the B．the; a
C．a; the D．a; a
解析：句意：让我们去看场电影吧——那将会让你暂时放下头脑中的问题。go to the cinema为固定搭配，意为“去看场电影”；第二空for a while为固定搭配。
答案：B(宜春期末)The tour will provide ________ unique opportunity for you to live with British family for a week in ________ hope that you will have a better understanding of the UK.
A．a; / B．an; /
C．a; the D．an; the解析：考查冠词。provide a unique opportunity“提供一个特别的机会”，注意形容词unique的发音，不是元音开头，故用a；in the hope“怀着希望”，为固定搭配，故选C。
答案：C
三、零冠词的用法
1．泛指的可数名词复数形式表示一般概念。
这样考过
(北京东城区)Have you read ________ today's news？The price of ________ houses has slightly gone down.
A．the; the B．/; the
C．the; / D．/; /解析：第一空中已有定语today's，故不填定冠词，更不填不定冠词，因news为不可数名词；第二空“房价”泛指。综上选D。
答案：D
(郴州质检)In China，________ pressure to pass ________ exams tends to cause lack of students' creativity.
A．/; / B．the; the
C．the; / D．/; the
解析：第一空由其后的不定式作定语知为特指；第二空为泛指，故选C。
答案：C(盐城调研)Welcome to Thekdilors.com；here are ________ tips on taking part，but to join in，all you need to do is add ________ comment.
A．/; / B．/; a
C．/; the D．the; /
解析：由句意知第一空格处不填冠词，因tips表泛指；第二空格处填一表泛指的不定冠词。故选B。
答案：B2．抽象名词和物质名词表示一般概念时。
这样考过
(漳州质检)Because ________ unemployment is very high at present；it's not easy for a fresh graduate to find ________ satisfying job as he wishes.
A．the; / B．/; a
C．the; a D．an; the解析：句中第一空unemployment“失业率”为抽象名词，其前不加冠词；a job“一份工作”为泛指，其前加不定冠词。故选B。句意：由于目前失业率很高，大学毕业生很难找到一份称心如意的工作。
答案：B(江西)Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in ________ weather around the world.
A．/; the B．the; /
C．an; the D．the; a
解析：句意：一些人害怕空气污染可能会引起世界气候的变化。第一空后的air pollution为抽象名词，表泛指概念，故用零冠词；第二空后的不可数名词weather后有修饰短语around the world，表特指用定冠词，故选A。
答案：A3．人名、地名、国名、星期、月份、季节、节日等专有名词。
这样考过
(浙江五校联考)I was told that ________ 10∶15 flight would take us to Shanghai in time to reach ________ Fudan University.
A．the; / B．the; a
C．a; the D．/; the解析：第一空为特指10∶15的航班，用the；第二空为专有名词，不需冠词。难度适中。
答案：A
4．学科、球类、游戏、颜色、感官、三餐、棋类、疾病等名词。
这样考过
(玉林、南宁联考)Of all the subjects，I like ________ history the best because it gives us ________ useful knowledge of things in the past.
A．the; a B．/; a
C．a; the D．a; /解析：科目前不加冠词，knowledge为不可数名词，但用来表示某一门具体知识时，其前加不定冠词，故选B。
答案：B
(开封模拟)Do you know ________ speaker of ________ Chinese language also has difficulty in learning ________ Japanese?
A．the; the; a B．a; the; /
C．the; the; the D．a; /; the
解析：“a”为泛指，“the”为特指，许多特殊名词前无需定冠词，比如某种具体语言，“Japanese”在句中的意义为“日语”，仅凭这一点，可排除A、C、D。
答案：B5．称呼语、表示职位的名词、表示家庭成员的名词。
这样考过
(南京调研)Jacques Rogge，________ president of the IOC，delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of
________ Beijing Olympic Games on Aug.8,2008.
A．/; the B．the; the
C．the; / D．/; /
答案：A6．名词前已有其他限定词(名词所有格、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、不定代词数词等)修饰。
这样考过
(2007·湖南十所)Being China Daily's ________ only woman representative put her in ________ unusual position when Miss Liu set out to attend the fifth session of the CPPCC.
A．the; an B．/; the
C．the; the D．/; an解析：第一空单数名词前已有专有名词作定语，因此该名词不加冠词，第二空表示“一个不同寻常的位置”没有具体所指，加an。
答案：D7．as或though引导的倒装句中，作表语的单数可数名词置于句首时。
这样考过
(2007·石家庄)Zhouzhou is ________ success，________ disabled child as he is.
A．a; the B．a; /
C．the; a D．the; the解析：success用作可数名词表示“一个成功的人/事”；将表语放在as之前，如果表语是单数名词，其前边常用零冠词。
答案：B
8．固定搭配：
day and night日夜
from morning till night从早到晚
father and son父子
face to face面对面
step by step逐渐地
by land由陆路
catch fire着火
in space在太空这样考过
(湖南十二校联考)It is thought that now that Obama is safely in ________ office，he is trying to appeal to younger Americans once more—with some help from ________
hairdresser.
A．the; the B．an; a
C．/; a D．the; /解析：固定搭配：in office“任职”；a hairdresser表泛指，故选C。
答案：C(北京海淀区)By ________ nature，you are an adventurer，full of amazement and curiosity about ________ world bigger than life itself.
A．a; the B．the; the
C．/; a D．the; /
解析：by nature是习惯用法，意为从本质意义上来说，后面world指一个……的世界，故用a。
答案：C(北京石景山区)Pass me ________ exercise-book on the shelf.I want to keep ________ diary from now on.
A．a; a B．the; a
C．the; / D．an; a
解析：“架子上的练习册”为特指，故用“the”，“写日记”为固定搭配keep a diary。
答案：B
单项填空
1．—John，there is________Mr.Wilson on the phone for you.
—I'm in________bath.
A．a; the B．/; a
C．a; / D．the; /
答案与解析：C a Mr.Wilson表示有个叫Wilson的人，是泛指；in bath是一固定搭配，表示正在洗澡。2．According to the recent reports，one of rare animals，________crocodile，is in________danger of dying out.
A．the; the B．the; /
C．/; / D．/; the
答案与解析：B crocodile为表示类别的可数名词单数形式，其前面常用定冠词the表类别；in danger为固定短语，表示处于危险中。3．When I told him he had to be paid by________hour，he became angry and hit me on ________ nose.
A．an; my B．the; the
C．an; the D．/; the
答案与解析：B be paid by the hour表示“以小时来支付”，计量单位前用the；hit sb.on the nose，表示身体部位的名词前用the。4．Early in the morning，________word came that David had been made________governor of the state.
A．the; the B．/; a
C．a; the D．/; /
答案与解析：D word表示“消息”时一般不加冠词，governor表示头衔不加冠词。5．I wonder what it feels like to be one of________really rich.The Browns already have two Rolls Royces and now they are buying________third.
A．the; the B．/; a
C．the; a D．/; the
答案与解析：C 形容词前加定冠词the，表示一类人，the really rich真正的富人；序数词前加a表示“再一，又一”的意思。6．—It's reported that nearly 100,000 people lost their lives in Haiti earthquake.
—Yes，________news came as________shock to me.
A．the; a B．the; /
C．/; a D．a; the
答案与解析：A 此处news特指前文地震中10万人死亡的新闻，故用the；shock在此处是抽象名词具体化的用法，指“一个震惊”。7．Teaching________child to cook will improve many of the skills that he or she will need later in________life.
A．/; the B．a; /
C．a; the D．the; a
答案与解析：B a child表泛指；life为一抽象名词，泛指人生，之前不用冠词。8．There was________accident here about an hour ago.________car hit a tree and________driver was killed.
A．the; A; the B．an; A; the
C．an; The; a D．the; The; a
答案与解析：B 第一、二空均为泛指，没有特指“哪个事故或哪一辆车”之意，第三空则特指“该车的司机”。9．I remember he lives in________south，so we shouldn't be walking________west.
A．/; / B．/; the
C．the; / D．the; the
答案与解析：C in the south在南方，方位名词前加定冠词the；walk west，此处west为副词，因此之前不用冠词。10．Mr.Smith，there's a man at________front door who says he has________news for you of great importance.
A．the; / B．the; the
C．/; / D．/; the
答案与解析：A front door为特指，须用定冠词the，此处消息news是不可数名词，不特指什么消息，不用冠词。11．If there were no________examinations，I should have ________ much happier time at school.
A．an; a B．the; a
C．/; a D．/; /
答案与解析：C examinations泛指考试，因此不用冠词；have a time为固定短语，have a much happier time意为“过得更快乐”。12．The child had only ________ slight fever，but the doctor regarded ________ illness as serious enough for ________ hospital treatment.
A．/; /; the B．a; /; /
C．a; the; / D．/; the; the
答案与解析：C have a fever为固定搭配“发烧”，illness特指“发烧”，前面用定冠词。treatment为抽象概念，不加冠词。13．________parents may have a stronger desire to see their children step into the world of________.
A．Poor; rich B．The poor; rich
C．Poor; the rich D．The poor; the rich
答案与解析：C 前面是形容词作定语，表泛指，后面是“the rich”表示一类人。14．—Of the two apples，which one do you prefer?
—________bigger one.It's ________most delicious one，I think.
A．The; a B．The; the
C．A; / D．A; the
答案与解析：A 二者中较大的一个，表特指，故第一空用the，后面的most意为“很，非常”，无比较意义，其前加不定冠词表泛指。15．My brother is playing________violin while my sister is chatting on________Internet.
A．/; the B．the; the
C．the; / D．a; the
答案与解析：B violin是西洋乐器的名称；the Internet是英语中的固定用法，故两词前面都要加一定冠词the。16．There has been________rising demand for grain as
________industrial material.
A．/; an B．a; an
C．the; an D．a; /
答案与解析：D rising demand在此表示的是一种“需求”现象，因此需用不定冠词，后面industrial material是物质名词，因此不加冠词。17．We saw Jane in________tears；the boy she was in________ love with had left her.
A．/; / B．/; the
C．the; / D．the; the
答案与解析：A 前后都是表示抽象意义的固定短语，因此都不用冠词。18．Reading is________good habit.Stick to it，and you will make________great progress.
A．a; / B．a; a
C．the; a D．/; a
答案与解析：A 本题考查冠词的基本用法。“读书”是泛指的一种习惯，因此前面用不定冠词a；后面的progress是不可数名词，因此前面不加冠词。19．________most efficient way to understand thousands of new works is to gain________good knowledge of basic word formation.
A．A; a B．The; /
C．A; / D．The; the
答案与解析：A 本题考查冠词的基本用法。前面泛指“一种”方法；后面knowledge是由抽象名词转化来的可数名词，前面需加冠词，表示“一门知识”。本题的两个空都用不定冠词a。20．According to a new study by a British university，learning________second language can lead to________increase in your brain power.
A．a; the B．/; the
C．a; an D．the; an
答案与解析：C “a second language”泛指一门第二外语；后面的increase作名词讲，是可数名词，因此前面需加不定冠词an。