课件43张PPT。第三课时：Section A
(Grammar Focus-4c)Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks.What are they doing?Grammar FocusGrammar Focus
（一）动词不定式语法讲解动词不定式的形式及性质考点 1(1)动词不定式的基本形式：to do（to有时可省略）；
(2)动词不定式变否定：not （to） do；
(3)动词不定式无人称变化；
(4)动词不定式仍保留动词特点，可以有自己的宾语
和状语。
eg：to speak at the meeting 在会议上发言
to read newspapers 看报纸动词不定式的句法作用考点 2考向一不定式作宾语
to do不定式可表“将来”或“来做”的含义。
eg：would like to do sth.想要做某事（来做）
plan to do sth.计划做某事（计划将来）
常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：
need，like，want，wish，hope，decide，expect等。典例Kate，remember to the sick to cheer them up.
A. to sing B. not to sing C. singingA【点拨】remember to do sth.记得去做某事。to do 作remember的宾语。考向二不定式作宾补
有的动词后加不定式作宾补，构成“v.＋sb./sth. to do”结构，此类动词中常见的有：
ask， tell， would like， want， expect（期待）， wish， allow（允许）， encourage（鼓励）等。典例Mr Smith told his son the football match because of the exam.
A. not to watch B. to not watch
C. not watching D. doesn't watchA【点拨】tell sb.not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事。考向三不定式作状语
不定式作状语表目的、结果，或用在某些表示人的心情类的形容词后表原因。典例Many fast food restaurants paint（涂） their walls red，play loud music and have hard seats
customers（顾客） eat quickly and leave.
A. make B. to make C. made D. making【点拨】句意：许多快餐店把它们的墙刷成红色，播放吵闹的音乐，并放置坚硬的座位，为的是使顾客快点吃完离开。不定式在句中作目的状语。B动词不定式可以和what, which, how, where, when等特殊疑问词连用。
eg：The question is I don't know when to start.
问题是我不知道什么时候开始。考点 3典例I really don't know what I can do to help her out.（改为简单句）
I really don't know what to help her out.【点拨】考查特殊疑问词与不定式连用。用转换法。当主句的主语与从句的主语一致时，“what＋主语＋can/should/ could＋动词”可以替换为“what to＋动词”。to do不带to的不定式：两类动词后作宾补的不定式不带to：
①感官动词：see，hear，watch，feel，notice等
②使役动词：let，make，have等
eg：I heard them argue this morning.今天早上我听
到他们吵架了。（强调整个过程）
They made the children play the piano 6 hours a day last month.上个月他们让这些孩子每天弹6个小时钢琴。考点 4①help带不带to均可以。②此类动词后用不带to的不定式作宾补，当变被动时，必须还原to。
eg：William is often seen to play Chinese kung fu
in the park.人们常看到威廉在公园练中国功夫。【注意】典例Though he often made his little sister _______ ,
today he was made by his little sister.
A. cry；to cry B. crying；crying
C. cry；cry D.to cry；cry【点拨】make sb.do sth.变为被动语态时，被省略的to要恢复，即sb.be made to do sth.。 Acould表建议时，意为“可以，不妨”，用于委婉、客气地建议做某事，语气比should委婉。
eg：We could write a letter to the headmaster.
我们不妨写一封信给校长。
You could try his home number.
你可以试试他家的电话号码。（二）情态动词could表建议的用法典例翻译句子。
1.你可以尽量用一些新方法解决这个问题。
______________________________________________________________________________________
2.当你感到孤独时，你不妨打个电话给你的父母。
______________________________________________________________________________________You could try to use some new methods to solve this problem.When you feel lonely，you could make a call to your parents.短语动词是一种固定词组，由动词加介词或副词等构成，其作用相当于一个动词。
构成：常见的形式有
1.动词＋副词，如：put up
2.动词＋介词，如：look at
3.动词＋副词＋介词，如：run out of
4.动词＋名词＋介词，如：take care of（三）短语动词动词＋副词考点 1【难点】考向一常见的相当于及物动词的这类短语动词有：
cheer up（振奋起来），clean up（打扫干净），set up（建立），put up（搭建，张贴），cut up（切碎），fix up（修理）， work out（算出），give out（分发）， give away（赠送）， think over（仔细思考），turn over（把……翻过来）， hand in（上交）等。 此类短语相当于及物动词时，后面必须跟宾语，若名词作宾语，可以放在副词前面或后面，但代词作宾语时，必须置于副词之前。【注意】典例If you meet some new words， you can _______
in a dictionary.
A. look it up B. look up it
C. look them up D. look up them【点拨】look up短语中up为副词，代词作宾语必须置于副词之前，故排除B、D；由some new words可排除A。C考向二常见的相当于不及物动词的这类短语动词有：get up（起床），start off（动身）， come back（回来）， get down（下来），hold on（等一下；别挂断），look out（当心，小心），get away（逃离）等。动词＋介词考点 2这种结构的短语动词在句中作谓语时，后面必须接宾语。常见的有：look for（寻找），stand for（代表），wait for（等待），pay for（付费），send for（派人去请），take after（像），hear from（收到……的来信），hear of（听说），depend on（依靠）等。典例This food is free. You don't have to it. A. look for B. pay for
C. ask for D. wait for【点拨】look for寻找；pay for付费；ask for请求；wait for等待。由语境可知食物免费，不必付钱。B动词＋副词＋介词考点 3这种短语动词相当于及物动词，介词后面需跟宾语。常见有：add up to（总共是），catch up with（赶上），look down upon（瞧不起）， run out of（耗尽，用光）等。典例Don't worry！ I'm sure you'll your classmates if you are kind and friendly to them. A. catch up with B. get on well with
C. agree with D. be strict with【点拨】本题考查短语辨析。catch up with 赶上，get on well with 与……相处得好，agree with 同意，be strict with 对……要求严格。B动词＋名词＋介词考点 4典例Around the world more and more people are
dangerous sports activities， because life in modern societies has become safe and boring.
A. taking out B. taking off
C. taking part in D. taking care ofC这种短语动词相当于及物动词，后面需接宾语，
有时名词前可以加形容词修饰。常见的有：
make fun of（取笑），make use of（利用），pay attention to（注意）， take care of（照顾）等。 这类短语动词后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。
eg：He is taking care of his little brother.
他在照顾他弟弟。
We shouldn't make fun of others.
我们不应该嘲笑他人。【注意】1.I want to my plan to work in an animal hospital
until next summer. I'm too busy with my studies this year.
2.She hopes to at least five primary schools to ask
if they need volunteers for their after-school programs.Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.4aput up hand out call up cheer up
come up with give out put offput offcall up3.Our class is trying to ____________some ideas to_________
sick children because they are often sad.
4.We decided to ____________signs around the school and
___________notices to tell students about the book sale.
We will __________the money from the sale to homeless people.come up withcheer upput uphand outgive output up hand out call up cheer up
come up with give out put offFill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.4bhelp move do make visit spendMost people today are only worried about getting good jobs
lots of money. In their free time，they think about what _________for fun. However，few people think about what they can do others. There are many people who are less lucky than us. Volunteering our time to help theseto maketo doto helppeople is a good way our free time. For example，we can make plans sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year ___________to another place，like one of the countries in Africa，and help people there.to spendto visitto movehelp move do make visit spendraise/ / v.募集；征集知识点常用短语：raise money（for...）意为“（为……）筹款”。
eg：Our class tried to raise money for the sick kids
in the hospital.
我们班努力为医院里生病的孩子们筹钱。考向re?zraise还有“培养；抚养；提高；举起”的意思。
eg：Mrs Wang helps her sister raise the young child.
王女士帮助她姐姐抚养这个小孩。
I raised my voice to make sure everyone could hear me.我提高嗓门确保每个人都能听见。
If anyone has questions，please raise your hand.如果有人还存在问题，请举手。拓展Complete the sentences with your own ideas. Use infinitives. (答案仅供参考不唯一）4c1.I'd like to volunteer_______________________________.
2.At 12：00 midnight， I called my friend______________
_______________________________________________.
3.I'm very busy but I could help_______________________.
4.Summer vacation is coming，and I want______________
_______________________________________________.
5.I want to travel alone. My parents told me(not)_________
_______________________________________________.to help out in an old people's home to tell him about
my trouble(to) make the notice to go on
vacation in Qingdao not to
travel too far一、用所给词的适当形式填空1. He wants __________ (put) up some signs asking
for old toys.
2. Maria plans __________ (be) a teacher because
she loves children.
3. I want to learn more about how ___________(care)
for animals.
4. They will get together _____________ (discuss) this
question.to putto beto careto discuss5. We need to make more young people ________ (learn) Shadow Play so that it won't disappear in China.
6. That is the only way we can imagine ________________ (reduce) the waste of water in the bathroom.
7. Last year, she decided ________________(try) out for a
volunteer after-school reading program.learnto reduceto try8. Would you like _______ (go) and have a picnic with us tomorrow?
9. She hopes _______(be) a volunteer during this summer vacation.
10. Please promise _____________ (not tell) lies any more, will you?to goto benot to tell11．The girl was made ________ her brother's clothes.
A．to wash B．wash C．washingA二、单项选择【点拨】可用寻找题眼法。make的用法为“make sb. do sth.”， 但是当变为被动语态时，省略的不定式符号to就要恢复，即“sb. be made to do sth.”，根据关键词was made可知选A。12．These people dress themselves in bloody shark suits. They tell people ________ shark fins in order to protect sharks.
A. eat B. to eat
C. not eat D. not to eatD
【点拨】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些人用血腥的鲨鱼服来装扮他们自己，他们告诉人们为了保护鲨鱼________鲨鱼翅。由句意可知是不要吃，结合tell sb. to do sth.可知选D。13．—Who ________ your pet dogs while you were out for a holiday?
—My neighbor, a warm-hearted woman.
A. put on B. looked after
C. gave up D. turned offB
【点拨】考查动词短语。句意：——你外出度假时谁照顾你的宠物狗？——我的邻居，一位热心的妇女。put on“穿上”；look after“照看；照料”；give up“放弃”；turn off “关闭”。结合空后的pet dogs可知应选B。14．Because of the bad weather，we have to ________ the
meeting till next week.
A．take off B．get off
C．put off D．set offC
【点拨】考查短语辨析。take off脱下，起飞；get off下车；put off推迟；set off出发。由句意“由于天气不好，我们不得不把会议推迟到下周。”故选C。15．Scientists are trying their best to ________ ways to
treat the terrible disease called H7N9.
A．come up with B．look forward to
C．talk about D．give upA
【点拨】考查短语辨析。come up with想出；look forward to盼望；talk about谈论；give up放弃。句意为：科学家们正尽他们最大的努力想出医治被称为H7N9的可怕的疾病的方法。由句意可知，选A。 本节课主要学习了单元重点语法：动词不定式作宾语、状语和宾补；用情态动词could提建议；动词短语，并掌握了与之有关的练习题的做题方法。1.熟记本课时的词汇
2.完成本课时的课后作业(ppt+word)课件5张PPT。一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1．Do they have any good ideas to help the________ (home) people?
2．She is very________ (luck) to get the good job.
3．There are all kinds of ________(wheel) in the factory.
4．They are________ (raise) money for the poor village.
5．On the way home, my bike is ________(break)．homelessluckywheelsraisingbroken二、单项选择
6．I seldom feel ________, even though I stay at home ________ for three days.
A．alone; lonely B．lonely; alone
C．lone; alone
7．We stopped ________, but there was not any sound.
A．listens B．to listen
C．listen D．listening
8．Before Earth Day came, my classmates and I decided to ________some signs in our community.
A．look up B．come up
C．put up D．grow upBBC9．All eggs look similar ________one another, but not two eggs are the same ________ each other.
A．to；to B．as；as
C．to；as D．as；to
10．—Who do you ________？
—My father. We both have big eyes and a small mouth.
A．look after B．run after
C．take after D．like afterCC三、 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
11.—Where is your brother now?
—He is________ his bike in the yard.
12．Our teachers often tell us to help people________．
13．The old man decided ___________all his money to the poor people after his death.
14．Jack, I've ________ my money, so I can't buy this beautiful dress.
15．—Does your friend ________his mother or his father?
—His father. They both have big eyes and black hair.
fixing upin need, run out of, fix up, take after, give awayin needto give awayrun out oftake after四、语法专练
16．You could learn more ________ ________ ________(照顾) yourself.
17．Can you________ ________ ________(想出) a good way to learn English well?
18．We can repair your watch at once.(同义句)
We can________ ________your watch at once.
19．We want ________ ________ ________(鼓舞) the girl.
20．Can you give out the exercise books for me?
Can you________ ________ the exercise books for me?
to look aftercome up withfix upto cheer uphand outUnit 2 Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)
一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Do they have any good ideas to help the________ (home) people?
2. She is very________ (luck) to get the good job.
3. There are all kinds of ________(wheel) in the factory.
4. They are________ (raise) money for the poor village.
5. On the way home, my bike is ________(break).
二、单项选择
6. I seldom feel ________, even though I stay at home ________ for three days.
A. alone; lonely B. lonely; alone
C. lone; alone
7. We stopped ________, but there was not any sound.
A. listens B. to listen
C. listen D. listening
8. Before Earth Day came, my classmates and I decided to ________some signs in our community.
A. look up B. come up
C. put up D. grow up
9. All eggs look similar ________one another, but not two eggs are the same ________ each other.
A. to；to B. as；as
C. to；as D. as；to
10. —Who do you ________？
—My father. We both have big eyes and a small mouth.
A. look after B. run after
C. take after D. like after
三、 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
in need, run out of, fix up, take after, give away
11.—Where is your brother now?
—He is________ his bike in the yard.
12. Our teachers often tell us to help people________.
13. The old man decided ________all his money to the poor people after his death.
14. Jack, I've ________ my money, so I can't buy this beautiful dress.
15. —Does your friend ________his mother or his father?
—His father. They both have big eyes and black hair.
四、语法专练
16. You could learn more ________ ________ ________(照顾) yourself.
17. Can you________ ________ ________(想出) a good way to learn English well?
18. We can repair your watch at once.(同义句)
We can________ ________your watch at once.
19. We want ________ ________ ________(鼓舞) the girl.
20. Can you give out the exercise books for me?
Can you________ ________ the exercise books for me?
?答案
一、1.homeless 2.lucky 3.wheels 4.raising 5.broken
二、6.B 7.B 8.C 9.C 10.C
三、11.fixing up 12.in need 13.to give away
14.run out of 15. take after
四、16.to look after 17.come up with 18.fix up
19. to cheer up 20.hand out
课时3 Section A(Grammar Focus～4c)
Ⅰ. 从方框中选择恰当的单词完成句子。
joy, feeling, owner, satisfaction, journey, several
1. She got great ________ from helping others in trouble.
2. Tomorrow ________ students are going to visit sick kids in hospital in our city.
3. Look！Those children are dancing for ________ at the good news.
4. Tom is the ________ of the best club in the city.
5. I had a strange ________ when I met the man for the first time.
6. Next month we're going on a ________ to Russia.
Ⅱ. 单项选择。
7. ________ the computer is a problem.
A. How to use B. What to use
C. Where to use it D. Which to use
8. “I'm a singer” is ________ an interesting TV show ________ many people like watching it.
A. so; that B. so; as
C. such; as D. such; that
9. When you leave, please turn off the light ________ energy(能源).
A. save B. saving
C. saved D. to save
10. I can't buy the book now. I ________ the money in my pocket yesterday.
A. ran out B. ran out of
C. took out of D. took out
11. You could visit the sick people in the hospital to ________.
A. cheer up them B. cheer them up
C. take after them D. look them after
Ⅲ. 根据A句完成B句, 每空一词。
12. A：Can you think up a good idea to help me?
B：Can you ________ ________ ________ a good idea to help me?
13. A：Mary could play the violin when she was four.
B：Mary could play the violin ________ ________ ________ ________ four.
14. A：My mom is busy with dinner for us now.
B：My mom ________ ________ ________ dinner for us now.
15. A：When he is free, he often helps me with my English.
B：________ ________ ________ time, he often helps me with my English.
16. A：I'll phone you as soon as I arrive here.
B：I'll ________ you ________ as soon as I ________ here.
Ⅳ. 根据对话内容, 用适当单词补全对话。
A：What kind of volunteer work would you like to do, Kim?
B：I'd like to (17)________ up old people on weekends.
A：That's great. I'd like to do that, too.
B：Well, we need to come up (18)________ a plan now.
A：I'm a little hungry. Let's have lunch first.
B：No, we can't put off (19)________ a plan. It's Sunday tomorrow.
A：OK.I think we can visit them in the old people's home.
B：(20)________ good, Anna！We can sweep the floor for them.
A：You're right, Kim. We can sing songs for them and (21)________ them funny stories.
B：Oh, great!
答案
Ⅰ.1.satisfaction 2.several 3.joy 4.owner
5. feeling 6.journey
Ⅱ.7～11：ADDBB
Ⅲ.12.come up with 13.at the age of 14.is busy making
15. In his free 16.call; up; get
Ⅳ.17.cheer 18.with 19.making 20.Sounds 21.tell
