Unit 6 When was it invented?
Section A
Period 1 Section B (1a-2d)
本单元涉及内容是本书当中比较重要的一部分。被动语态结构及运用是教学中一个难点和重点，也是学生比较不容易理解的部分，因为它是建立在各种时态之上的。另外通过对我们熟悉经常使用的发明物的历史来开阔眼界，丰富学生的阅历，使学生养成勤于思考，善于总结的好习惯。
【知识与能力目标】
1) 能掌握以下单词： heel, scoop, electricity, style, project, pleasure, zipper, daily, website, pioneer, list, mention
能掌握以下句型：
—When was the telephone invented?
—I think it was invented in 1876.
—What are they used for?
—They are used for seeing at night.
2) 能谈论物品被发明的时间、发明者，表达某发明的用途。
【过程与方法目标】
在本课的任务型语言教学中，我将依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，创造性地设计贴近学生生活实际的任务活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与，使学生通过观察、思考、讨论、交流和合作等方式，在一种自然、真实或模拟真实的情境中体会语言、掌握语言的应用。
【情感态度价值观目标】
了解一些近现代发明的时间及用途，激发自己热爱发明的情感。培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。
【教学重点】
1) 本课时的单词、词组和句型，学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。
2) 学会询问发明时间及用途的基本句型：
—When was the telephone invented?
—I think it was invented in 1876.
—What are they used for?
—They are used for seeing at night.
【教学难点】
运用一般过去时态的被动语态来讨论发明的发明时间及用途。
教学过程
Step 1. Warm up
1. Show some pictures of inventions and their inventors. Let Ss match them.
T: Do you know what these inventions are?
S1: It’s a car.
S2: It’s a telephone.
S3: It’s a television.
T: Do you know who these inventors are?
S1: Karl Benz
S2: Alexander Bell
S3: J. L. Baird
Let Ss match the inventions and the inventors.
Step 2. Presentation
Lead Ss to learn the passive voice of the past tense. Show a sentence and change it into passive voice.
T: Karl Benz invented the first car in 1885.
Ss: The first car was invented (by Karl Benz) in 1885.
Step 3. Practice (1a)
1. Look at the pictures in 1a. Discuss with your group, in what order do you think they were invented? Try to number them [1-4].
2. Ss discuss with their partners and number the pictures.
3. Talking about the inventions:
A: I think the TV was invented before the car.
B: I don’t agree with you. I think the TV was invented after the TV.
Step 4. Listening (1b)
1. T: Tell Ss look at the pictures and years on the left.
2. Play the recording for the Ss to listen.
3. Ss listen to the conversation and try to match the invention with the proper year.
4. Play the recording again.
5. Check the answers.
Step 5. Pair work (1c)
1. Ss try to remember the invention and the year.
2. Student B, cover the dates. Student A, ask Student B when the things in the picture in 1b were invented. Then change roles and practice again.
3. Let some pairs ask and answer in pairs.
e.g. A: When was the telephone invented?
B: I think it was invented in 1876.
…
Step 6. Learning the new words & Listening
Look at the pictures then learn the new words.
Work on 2a:
T: Tell Ss they will hear some interesting inventions.
1. Look at the pictures in 2a. Discuss the things what they are used for.
2. Play the recording for the Ss to listen and number the pictures.
3. Play the recording again to check the answers.
Work on 2b:
1. Let Ss read the chart below. Explain some main sentences for the Ss. Make sure they know what to do.
2. Play the recording for the Ss to fill in the blanks.
3. Play the recording again to check the answers.
4. Listen again and fill in the blanks.
Step 7. Pair work (2c)
1. Tell Ss to make conversations using the information in 2b. Make a model for the Ss.
A: What are the shoes with special heels used for?
B: They are used for changing the style of the shoes.
2. Let some Ss make conversations using the information in 2b.
3. See which group does the best.
Step 8. Role-play (2d)
1. Read the conversations and Let Ss read after the teacher.
2. Explain some new words and main points in the conversation.
3. Ask Ss to role-play the conversation in groups.
Step 9. Language points
1. Well, you do seem to have a point…
嗯，看来你说的确实有道理……
这句话中的助动词do放在动词seem前面主要用来加强语气，通常可译作“的确，确实”。在谓语动词前添加助动词do表示强调的用法常见于肯定句和祈使句中。
在英语中，have a point通常指某人的说法或想法“有道理”。如:
Perhaps you have a point there, but the problem is that we don’t have a choice.
也许你说的有道理，但问题是我们没有选择。
2. They are used for seeing in the dark.
be used for doing sth.表示“被用来 做某事”。 相当于be used to do sth.
e.g. This computer is used to control all the machines.
这台电脑是用来控制所有机器的。
Do you know what this tool is used for?
你知道这工具是用于做什么的？
3. Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives.
think about 表示“考虑，想起”
e.g. He is thinking about travelling in the summer holidays.
他正在考虑暑假旅游的事。
She was thinking about her childhood days.
她正回想她的童年时期。
【拓展有关think 其它的短语】
think of 指“考虑，记忆，记起”
如：You think of everything! 你全都提到了。
I can’t think of his name at the moment. 我一时想不起他的名字。
think sth. over指“仔细想，审慎思考，作进一步考虑”
如：Please think over what I said.请仔细考虑我说的话。
I want to think it over. 我想仔细考虑一下这件事。
think sth. out 指“想通，想出，熟思”
如：He thought out a new idea. 他想出了一个新主意。
That wants thinking out. 那件事需要仔细考虑。
Step 10. Homework
Recite the conversation in 2d.
Period 2 Section A 3a - 3c
【知识与能力目标】
1) 学习掌握下列词汇：by accident, ruler, boil, remain, smell, saint, national,
take place, doubt, without doubt
2）阅读短文，能按要求找到相应的信息。
3）通过阅读提高学生们的阅读能力。
4) 了解茶叶被发明的历史及生产制作的简要过程。
【过程与方法目标】
在本课的任务型语言教学中，我将依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，创造性地设计贴近学生生活实际的任务活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与，使学生通过观察、思考、讨论、交流和合作等方式，在一种自然、真实或模拟真实的情境中体会语言、掌握语言的应用。
【情感态度价值观目标】
培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。
【教学重点】
1) 掌握本部分出现的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。
2) 阅读短文，获得相关的信息。通过阅读练习，来提高阅读能力。
【教学难点】
1) 阅读短文，获得相关的信息的能力。
2) 理解并运用所学的词汇及表达方式。
教学过程
Step 1. Revision
1. Check the homework.
2. Role-play the conversation in 2d.
Step 2. Lead-in
一、播放视频《茶叶的起源》，让学生们了解中国的茶文化，及茶叶被发明的渊源，并了解其发展过程。
1. What is the video about?
2. Who is the writer of Cha Jing?
Ss try to answer the questions:
It’s about the tea.
Lu Yu.
Step 3. Reading
Work on 3a:
1. Tell Ss to read the article quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Ss read the article quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea.
2. 方法指导：先阅读所给的三句话，然后快速阅读短文，抓住每一段的主题句，找到答案。
3. 学生们，按老师指导的方法进行阅读，并快速阅读三个段落。
4. 最后，教师让部分学生回答答案，并校对答案。
Para. 1 How tea was invented by accident
Para. 2 Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing
Para. 3 How tea spread to other countries
Work on 3b:
1. 告诉学生们再次阅读短文内容，并回答3b中的所有问题。
2. 学生们先阅读这些问题，理解它们的意思，然后带着相关问题仔细回读短文，并在短文的相关信息处划线。
3. 让学生们回答问题，并校对答案。
① It was first drunk nearly 5, 000 years ago.
② Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the boiling water. It produced a nice smell and tasted delicious. This is how tea was invented.
③ Lu Yu.
④ It describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea.
⑤ It was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries and to England around 1660.
4. 让学生读一下自己的答案，并改正答案。
Step 4. Post reading
Read and fill the blanks.
Fill the blanks according to the first paragraph.
Tea (after water), the most popular drink in the world _______ (invent) by accident. It is believed that tea _______ (drink) 5,000 years ago. It ______ (say) that a Chinese ruler ______ (call) Shen Nong was the first ______ (discover) tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong _______ (boil) drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant ____ (fall) into the water and remained there for some time. It ________ (produce) a nice smell so he ______ (taste) the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks _________ (invent).
2. Fill the blanks according to the second paragraph.
Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”, ______ (mention) Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing a few thousand years later. The book describes how tea plants _______ and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves _______ (produce) and what kinds of water _______ (use).
3. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms.
People believed that tea _______ (bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea ________ (not appear) until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries ______ (take) place in the 19th century.
Work on 3c. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
1. 告诉学生们本学习活动的要求：用所给单词的适当形式填空。
2. 让学生们读3c中的内容，理解每个句子的大体意思。
3. 学生们阅读句子内容，回想短文的内容，选择恰当的单词并用其恰当形式填空。
4. 如果不能直接填上，可以再去阅读短文，在相关的内容处，再仔细进行阅读，找到相关信息，并完成句子。
5. Check the answers。
( 1. invented 2. drunk 3. produced 4. brought 5. traded ）
Step 5. Language points
1. by accident 偶然；意外地
e.g. The little girl knocked the glass by accident.
小女孩不小心碰落了玻璃杯。
2. ruler n. 统治者；支配者
rule (统治) + (e)r → ruler 统治者
e.g. The new nation needed a modern-minded ruler.
这个新兴国家需要一位现代头脑的统治者。
3. boil v. 煮沸；烧开
e.g. Boil the potato for 20 minutes. 把土豆煮20分钟。
4. remain v. 保持不变；剩余
① 作连系动词，后跟名词、形容词、不定式、分词等做表语。指保持某种状态。
e.g. Peter become a manager, but Mike remained a worker.
彼得成为经理，可迈克仍是工人。
② 作不及物动词，意为“剩余”。
e.g. Only a few leaves remained on the tree.
树上仅剩下几片叶子。
5. smell n. 气味
作名词，意为“气味；嗅觉”。
e.g. The apples give off a sweet smell.
苹果散发出香甜的气味。
Dogs have a very good sense of smell.
狗的嗅觉非常灵敏。
作及物动词，意为“闻到；闻”。
e.g. Did you smell anything unusual? 你闻到什么特殊气味没有？
I like to smell the flowers. 我喜欢闻花香。
作系动词，意为“有 / 发出……气味”。
e.g. The dinner smelt delicious.
饭菜闻起来很香啊。
【运用】选出下列句子中划线单词的词性及含义。
A. 名词? 嗅觉?? ?????????????
B. 动词? 闻
C. 系动词? 发出……气味
D. 名词? 气味
(? ) (1) There’s a delicious smell of fresh bread coming from the kitchen.
(? ) (2) Smell this and tell me what it is.
(? ) (3) Taste and smell are closely connected.
(? ) (4) The cake smells terrible. Don’t eat it anymore.
Answers: D B AC
6. national adj. 国家的; 民族的
nation (国家) + al → national
e.g. The group of dancers wore national dress.
那群跳舞演员穿着民族服装。
7. without doubt 毫无疑问；的确
e.g. Li Na, without doubt, is the best tennis player in China.
毫无疑问，李娜是中国最优秀的网球运动员。
8. take place 发生；出现
① 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态；常指事先安排或事发有因的事情。
e.g. Her sister’s marriage took place at 8:00 today.
她姐姐的婚礼今天八点举行。
② 辨析：happen则常指偶然发生的事情
e.g. I happened to see Peter on my way to the museum.
在去博物馆的路上我碰巧遇到皮特。
【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
(1) 这次谈话发生在一个咖啡店。
The talk _____ _____ in a coffee shop.
(2) 音乐会在下周举行。
The concert will ____ _____ next week.
Answers: took place, take place
9. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong was the first to discover
tea as a drink. 据说有一位叫作神农的中国统治者最早发现了茶可以饮用。
It is said that ... 意为“据说……”，其中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。类似的句型It is believed that ... 意为“人们认为…… / 据信……”； It’s reported that ... 意为“据报道……”。如：
e.g. It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number in many Western countries.
据说在许多西方国家13是个不吉利的数字。
本单元还有一个类似的句式:
It is believed that…，意思是“人们认为……”, 其后同样接完整的句子。
e.g. It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and
7th centuries.
人们认为，茶在六至七世纪传到了朝鲜和日本。
【运用】将下列句子翻译成英语。
(1) 人们认为教育很重要。
______________________________________________________________________ (2) 据说他的家庭很富裕。
______________________________________________________________________
Answers: It is believed that education is very important.
It is said that his family is rich.
10.《茶经》是我国唐代一部有关茶叶及品茶的专著，作者陆羽。该书共
分三卷十节，全面叙述了茶叶生产的历史，源流，生产技术以及饮茶
技艺和茶道原理，享有 “茶叶百科全书”之美誉。
Step 6. Exercises
一、选词填空
smell, remain, ruler, boil, national
1. October 1st is __________ Day in China.
2. Humans are the _____ of the earth.
3. When fish goes bad, it _______ terrible.
4. They _________ in that forest for a year.
5. Water ______ at 100℃.
二、根据汉语提示完成句子。
1. I found the key __________ (偶然) when I was cleaning the house.
2. The May 4 Movement ___________（发生）in Beijing in 1919.
3. He’ll succeed ____________ (毫无疑问) this time.
4. ________ (据说) Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.
5. Tea _________________(被带到) Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries.
Step 7. Homework
1. Read the passage several times after school.
2. Make sentences with these words:
by accident, it is believed that, take place, no doubt, be used for, fall into
Period 3 Section A Grammar Focus-4c
【知识与能力目标】
1) 学习掌握下列词汇：fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all
of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument
2）进行一步复习巩固学习Section A 部分所学的生词和词组。
3）进一步学习运用一般过去时态的被动语态。
4) 掌握主动语态变被动语态的方法，并通过不同方式的练习，来熟练运用。
【过程与方法目标】
在本课的任务型语言教学中，我将依据课程的总体目标并结合教学内容，创造性地设计贴近学生生活实际的任务活动，吸引和组织他们积极参与，使学生通过观察、思考、讨论、交流和合作等方式，在一种自然、真实或模拟真实的情境中体会语言、掌握语言的应用。
【情感态度价值观目标】
培养想象力，善于观察事物。面对难题，用积极的态度去解决，发挥想象力，认识世界，改造世界。
【教学重点】
1) 学习生词fridge, low, somebody, translate, lock, earthquake, sudden, all of a sudden, biscuit, cookie, instrument
2) 复习巩固Section A 部分所学的生词和词组，达到熟练运用的目标。
【教学难点】
1) 一般过去时态的句子变为被动语态。
2) 综合运用所学的知识进行练习运用。
教学过程
Step 1. Warm- up and revision
1. Have a dictation of the new words learned in the last class.
2. Review some main phrases we learned in the last class. Check the homework.
3. Let some Ss tell something about how tea was invented by accident.
Tell something about how tea was invented by accident.
One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time.
It produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious and one of the world’s favorite drink was invented.
Tell something about Lu Yu and his Cha Jing.
Lu Yu “the saint of tea” mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used.
It is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.
Step 2. Grammar Focus.
1. 学生阅读Grammar Focus中的句子，然后做填空练习。
① 拉链是什么时候被发明的？
______ _____ the zipper ________?
② 它于1893年被发明。
It ______ _________ in 1893.
③ 它是由谁发明的？
______ _____ it invented ______?
④ 它是由惠特科姆?贾得森发明的。
It _____ _______ _____ Whitcomb Judson.
⑤ 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？
_____ ______tea ________ to Korea?
⑥ 茶叶在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。
It _____ _______ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.
⑦ 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？
What ____ the hot ice-cream _____ _____?
⑧ 它用于挖很冷的冰淇淋。
It’s _____ ______ ______ really cold ice-cream.
⑨ 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。
The telephone _____ ________ _____ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.
⑩ 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。
Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.
2. 学生们根据记忆，看大屏幕来完成填空练习。
3. 学生们完成填空试题后，可以打开课本检查答案，对错误的句子，单独进行强化记忆。
Step 3. Grammar
?? 一般现在时的被动语态中讲到的“被动语态的用法”和“如何将主动语态(含“主+谓+宾”句型的句子)变为被动语态”同样适用于一般过去时的被动语态，不同的只是这两种时态的被动语态的“构成”，所以这里我们重点讲解一般过去时的被动语态的构成(was / were +及物动词的过去分词)及在各种句式中的运用。
1. 肯定句：
主语 + was/were +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他.
e.g. The bridge was built three years ago. 这座桥是三年前修建的。
2. 否定句：
主语 + was/were not +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他.
e.g. Women were not allowed to take part in the games at first.
开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。
3. 一般疑问句：
Was/Were +主语 +及物动词的过去分词 + 其他?
e.g. Were these pictures drawn by your sister?
这些图片是由你妹妹画的吗？
肯定回答
Yes, 主语+ was / were.
Yes, it was.
否定回答
No, 主语+ was / were + not.
No, it wasn’t.
4. 特殊疑问句：
疑问词（不作主语） + was / were +主语 + 及物动词的过去分词(+ by短语) + 其他?
e.g. When was the bridge built?
【拓展】
1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动句时介词或副词不能去掉。
e.g. They put off the meeting because of the weather.
The meeting was put off because of the weather.
2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的直接宾语保留不变；如果把指物”的直接宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。
e.g. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday.
I was given an e-dictionary yesterday.
An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday.
3. 主动句中感官动词see/hear/watch/feel等和使役动词make/let/have等后跟省略to
的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。
e.g. I saw a heavy man enter the house.
A heavy man was seen to enter the house.
4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, take place, come true, fall asleep…）没有被动语态。
e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown?
5. 含复合宾语(宾语 + 宾语补足语)的主动结构变被动结构时，通常把主动结构中的宾语改为被动结构中的主语，而宾语补足语保留在谓语动词后面成为主语补足语。
主动结构：I found him lying on the floor.
被动结构：He was found lying on the floor by me.
Step 4. Exercises
I. 根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每空一词（含缩略形式）。
1. My mother cleaned the room this morning.? (改为被动语态)
The room _____ _______ by my mother this morning.
2. Was the model plane made by your brother?
(补全肯定答语)
_____, it _____.
3. The bag was stolen last week.?(改为否定句)
The bag ______ _______ last week.
4. The criminal was caught yesterday.? (对划线部分提问)
______ _____ the criminal ________?
II. 将下列句子改为被动语态，每空一词。
1. We put off the meeting.
The meeting ___ ___ ___ by us.
2. Mother made me a new skirt.
A new skirt ___ _____ ___ me by Mother.
3. They asked me to help them.
I ___ _____ __ ____ ____.
Answers: I. 1. was cleaned 2. Yes; was 3. wasn’t stolen 4. When was; caught
II. 1. was put off 2. was made for 3. was asked to help them
Step 5. Practice
Work on 4a:
1. Tell Ss to read the sentences in 4a and rewrite the sentences using the passive voice.
2. 做题方法点拨示例：
① 点拨：原句为一般过去时态，原句的谓语动词为sold，宾语为the fridge；改为被动语态时，应将the fridge作主语，谓语动词用was sold的形式。
They sold the fridge at a low price. →
The fridge was sold at a low price.
② 点拨：分析原句的句子结构可知，stole是谓语动词，my camera是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将my camera作句子主语，谓语动词用was stolen的形式。
Somebody stole my camera from my hotel room. →
My camera was stolen from my hotel room.
学生们自主将其他三个句子变成被动语态。
3. 最后，教师与同学们一起校对答案，并对学生们有疑问的地方进行解释，或做出合理的分析点拨。
Where were these photos taken?
We were advised not to go out alone.
The book was translated into different languages by different writers.
Work on 4b: Complete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.
1. 让学生们阅读方框中的词汇，了解词汇及句子的意思，为进行填词做好准备。
eat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bring
2. 认真阅读每个句子，根据上下文确定空格处应填的意思。
3. 逐句进行分析推敲，然后分析句子的时态及语态，用适当的形式填空。
1) You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you? Why didn’t you go?
2) The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place.
3) The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ______ the bell.
4) The students ___________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby ______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5) The cookies __________ by the hungry kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them.
4. 最后，通读一遍所有句子，进行综合理解，看句子的意思是否通顺，合理。
5. Check the answers with the Ss.
1. were invited 2. were brought 3. was locked, rang (前一句中，门是被锁的，故应用被动语态；后一句中，我们去按门铃，是主动语态。)
4. were told, broke (前一句中，学生们是被告诉不要做这些事情，故应用被动语态；后一句中，Ruby违反规则，则是主动语态。)
5. were eaten, liked (前一句中，饼干是被孩子们吃掉了，故应用被动语态；后一句中，孩子们喜欢这些饼干，则是主动语态。)
Step 6. Practice
Work on 4c: Decide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentences. Write the correct forms in the blanks.
1. 先通读小短文，了解大意。
The telephone ______________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson.
In 1875, Mr. Bell _________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone _____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that _________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world.
2. 逐句分析每一句话的意思，确定句子主语和谓语动词之间主动或被动关系。
3. 结合句子的时态，填上正确的形式。
4. 复读短文，看是否通顺。
5. Check the answers
Step 7. Homework
补全下列主动句变被动句。
1. Jenny put her clothes in the suitcase last night.
Her clothes____ ____ in the suitcase last night.
2. The twins sang an English song that day. An English song ____ _____ ___ by the twins that day.
3. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? ? ____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago?
4. They sold out the light green dresses yesterday. The light green dresses ____ _____ _____ out.
课件96张PPT。Period 1 Section A
1a - 2d Do you know what these inventions are? Warm-upKarl Benz
卡尔 奔驰 Do you know who these inventors are? Alexander Bell
亚历山大 贝尔J. L. Baird
贝尔德Warm-upCan you match the inventions with the right inventors? Warm-upThe first telephone was invented (by Bell) in 1876. Bell invented the first telephone in 1876.PresentationKarl Benz invented the first car in 1885.The first car was invented (by Karl Benz) in 1885. PresentationThe first television was invented (by J. L. Baird) in 1927. J. L. Baird invented the first television in 1927.PresentationLook at the things below. In what order do you think they were invented? Discuss them with your group. Then number them [1-4]. 1a2314PracticeI think the television was invented before the car. I don’t agree with you. I think the television was invented after the car. PracticeI think the telephone was invented before the computer. Well, I agree with you.PracticeListen and match the inventions with the years. 1b___ 1876
___ 1885
___ 1927
___ 1971 dacbListeningStudent B, cover the dates. Student A, ask Student B when the things in the picture in 1b were invented. Then change roles and practice again. 1cWhen was the telephone invented?I think it was invented in 1876. PairworkWhen was the car invented?It was invented in 1885.When was the TV invented?It was invented in 1927. PairworkWhen was the computer invented?It was invented in 1971. PairworkListen and number the inventions [1-3] in the order you hear them. 2a___ shoes with special heels
___ shoes with lights
___ hot ice-cream scoop, runs on electricity
132n. 鞋跟; 足跟n. 勺; 铲子n. 电; 电能ListeningListen again and complete the chart.2bchangingservingin the darkn. 样式; 款式Listening The first invention is shoes with ________. People always hit their toes on __________ on the way to the bathroom at night. So people can use them for ________ in the ______. Listen again and fill in the blanks. somethingseeingdarklightsListening The second invention is a special ice-cream ______. It runs on _________ and becomes hot. It’s _____ for serving really _____ ice-cream. scoopelectricityusedcoldThe last invention is shoes with special _____. People can move the heels _____ and ______. You can _____ the heels if you are going to a ______ or ______ them if you are just going out for _________. heelsdownupraisepartylowershoppingListeningMake conversations using the information in 2b.What are the shoes with lights used for?2cThey’re used for seeing in the dark. PairworkWhat are hot ice-cream scoop used for?They’re used for serving for really cold ice-cream. What are shoes with special heels used for? They’re used for changing the style of the shoes. PairworkHey Roy, the subject for my school project is “Small inventions that changed the world.” Can you help me think of an invention? Role-play the conversation.2dMy pleasure! Let me think… hmm… I know! The zipper!n. 项目; 工程n. 高兴; 愉快n. 拉链Role-playThe zipper? Is it really such a great invention?Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags… almost everywhere! adj. 每日的；日常的Role-playWell, you do seem to have a point…Of course! I thought about it because I saw a website last week. The pioneers of different inventions were listed there. n. 网站n. 先锋; 先驱v. 列表; 列清单 n. 名单; 清单 Role-playFor example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn’t used widely. v. 提到; 说到
Role-playReally? So when did it become popular?Around 1917. Role-play1. Well, you do seem to have a point…
嗯，看来你说的确实有道理……
这句话中的助动词do放在动词seem前面主要用来加强语气，通常可译作“的确，确实”。在谓语动词前添加助动词do表示强调的用法常见于肯定句和祈使句中。Explanation在英语中，have a point通常指某人的说法或想法“有道理”。如:
Perhaps you have a point there, but the problem is that we don’t have a choice.
也许你说的有道理，但问题是我们没有选择。Explanation2. They are used for seeing in the dark.
be used for doing sth.表示“被用来
做某事”。与be used to do sth. 同义。
表示用途、目的。
e.g. This computer is used to control
all the machines. 这台电脑是用
来控制所有机器的。
Do you know what this tool is used for?
你知道这个工具是用来做什么的?Explanation3. Think about how often it’s used in
our daily lives.
think about表示“考虑，想起”。
e.g. He is thinking about traveling in
the summer holidays.
他正在考虑暑假旅游的事。
She was thinking about her
childhood days.
她正回想她的童年时期。Explanation【拓展有关think的短语】
think of 指“考虑, 记忆, 记起”
e.g. You think of everything!
你全都提到了。
I can’t think of his name at the moment.
我一时想不起他的名字。Explanationthink sth. out 指“想通, 想出, 熟思”。
e.g. He thought out a new idea.
他想出了一个新主意。
That wants thinking out.
那件事需要仔细考虑。ExplanationRecite the conversation in 2d. HomeworkPeriod 2 Section A
3a - 3cLet some students role-play the conversation in 2d. Hey Roy, the subject for my school project is “Small inventions that changed the world.” Can you help me think of an invention? My pleasure! Let me think… hmm… I know! The zipper!RevisionThe zipper? Is it really such a great invention?Think about how often it’s used in our daily lives. You can see zippers on dresses, trousers, shoes, bags… almost everywhere! RevisionWell, you do seem to have a point…Of course! I thought about it because I saw a website last week. The pioneers of different inventions were listed there. For example, it mentioned that the zipper was invented by Whitcomb Judson in 1893. But at that time, it wasn’t used widely. RevisionReally? So when did it become popular?Around 1917. RevisionLet’s enjoy a video.Lead-in1. What is the video about?
It’s about the tea culture in China. Lu Yu. 2. Who is the writer of Cha Jing? Answer the questions according to the video.Lead-in3aRead the passage quickly and match each paragraph with its main idea. Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3 Lu Yu and his book Cha Jing
How tea spread to other countries
How tea was invented by accident 偶然；意外地ReadingRead the passage again and answer the questions. 1. When was tea first drunk?
___________________________________2. How was tea invented?
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________
__________________________________It was first drunk about 5,000 years ago. 3bSome leaves from a tea plant fell into the boiling water. It produced a nice smell and tasted delicious. This is how tea was invented.Reading4. What is Cha Jing about?
__________________________________
__________________________________5. When was tea brought to other countries? __________________________________
__________________________________
__________________________________It describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea.It was brought to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries and to England around 1660.3. Who is called “the saint of tea”?
_________________________________n. 圣人，圣徒Lu Yu is called “the saint of tea”. ReadingFill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the first paragraph.Tea (after water), the most popular drink in the world ___________ (invent) by accident. It is believed that tea _________ (drink) 5,000 years ago. It ______ (say) that a Chinese ruler ______ (call) Shen Nong was the first _________ (discover) tea as a drink. One day Shen Nong __________ (boil) drinking waterwas inventedwas drunkis saidcalledto discoverwas boilingn. 统治者，支配者v. 煮沸，烧开Readingover an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant ____ (fall) into the water and
remained there for some time. It _________
v. 保持不变
(produce) a nice smell so he ______ (taste)
n. 气味
the brown water. It was quite delicious, and so, one of the world’s favorite drinks ____________ (invent).fellproducedwas inventedtastedReadingFill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the second paragraph.Lu Yu, “the saint of tea”, ____________ (mention) Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing a few thousand years later. The book describes how tea plants ___________ and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves ______________ (produce) and what kinds of water _________ (use).mentionedwere grownwere producedwere usedReadingFill in the blanks with the proper forms according to the third paragraph.People believed that tea _____________ (bring) to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea _____________ (not appear) until around 1660, but in less than 100 years, it had become the national drink. The tea trade from China to Western countries ______ (take) place in the 19th century.was broughtdidn’t appeartookReadingThis ________ (help) to spread the popularity of tea and the tea plant to more places around the world. Even though many people now know about tea culture, the Chinese ____ (be)
without doubt the ones who best
毫无疑问；的确
__________ (understand) the nature of tea. helpedareunderstandReading1. One of the world’s favorite drinks was _________ by accident.
2. Tea was first ________ by Shen Nong 5,000 years ago. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.invent, drink, bring, produce, tradeinventeddrunk3cPractice3. A nice smell was _________ when the tea leaves dropped into the hot water.
4. Tea was ________ to Korea and Japan during the 6th and 7th centuries.
5. Tea is now ______ between many different countries. tradedproducedbroughtinvent, drink, bring, produce, tradePractice1. by accident 偶然；意外地e.g. The little girl knocked the glass
by accident.
小女孩不小心碰落了玻璃杯。Explanatione.g. The new nation needed a modern-minded ruler.
这个新兴国家需要一位现代头脑的统治者。2. ruler n. 统治者；支配者
3. boil v. 煮沸；烧开e.g. Boil the potato for 20 minutes.
把土豆煮20分钟。rule (统治) + (e)r → ruler 统治者Explanation4. remain v. 保持不变；剩余① 作连系动词，后跟名词、形容词、不定
式、分词等做表语。指保持某种状态。
e.g. Peter become a manager, but Mike
remained a worker.
彼得成为经理，可迈克仍是工人。② 作不及物动词，意为“剩余”。
e.g. Only a few leaves remained on the tree.
树上仅剩下几片叶子。Explanation5. smell
作名词，意为“气味；嗅觉”。
e.g. The apples give off a sweet smell.
苹果散发出香甜的气味。
Dogs have a very good sense of smell.
狗的嗅觉非常灵敏。
作及物动词，意为“闻到；闻”。
e.g. Did you smell anything unusual?
你闻到什么特殊气味没有？
I like to smell the flowers.
我喜欢闻花香。Explanation 作系动词，意为“有 / 发出……气味”。
e.g. The dinner smelt delicious.
饭菜闻起来很香啊。
【运用】选出下列句子中划线单词的词性及含义。
A. 名词? 嗅觉?? ?????????????
B. 动词? 闻
C. 系动词? 发出……气味
D. 名词? 气味Explanation(? ) (1) There’s a delicious smell of fresh
bread coming from the kitchen.
(? ) (2) Smell this and tell me what it is.
(? ) (3) Taste and smell are closely connected.
(? ) (4) The cake smells terrible. Don’t eat it
anymore.DBACExplanation6. national adj. 国家的; 民族的e.g. Li Na, without doubt, is the
best tennis player in China.
毫无疑问，李娜是中国最优秀的网球运动员。 nation (国家) + al → national
e.g. The group of dancers wore national dress.
那群跳舞演员穿着民族服装。7. without doubt 毫无疑问；的确Explanation8. take place 发生；出现① 是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态；
常指事先安排或事发有因的事情。
e.g. Her sister’s marriage took place at 8:00 today.
她姐姐的婚礼今天八点举行。② 辨析：happen则常指偶然发生的事情
e.g. I happened to see Peter on my way to the museum.
在去博物馆的路上我碰巧遇到皮特。Explanation【运用】根据汉语意思完成英语句子，每空一词。
(1) 这次谈话发生在一个咖啡店。
The talk _____ _____ in a coffee shop.
(2) 音乐会在下周举行。
The concert will ____ _____ next week.took place? take placeExplanation9. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen
Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink. It is said that ... 意为“据说……”，其中it 是
形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。
类似的句型It is believed that ... 意为“人们认
为…… / 据信……”； It’s reported that ... 意
为“据报道……”。如：
e.g. It is said that thirteen is an unlucky
number in many Western countries.
据说在许多西方国家13是个不吉利的数字。Explanation本单元还有一个类似的句式:
It is believed that…，意思是“人们认为……”, 其后同样接完整的句子。
e.g. It is believed that tea was brought to
Korea and Japan during the 6th and
7th centuries.
人们认为，茶在六至七世纪传到了
朝鲜和日本。Explanation【运用】将下列句子翻译成英语。
(1) 人们认为教育很重要。
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
(2) 据说他的家庭很富裕。
_____________________________________It is believed that education is very important.It is said that his family is rich.Explanation10.《茶经》是我国唐代一部有关茶叶
及品茶的专著，作者陆羽。该书共
分三卷十节，全面叙述了茶叶生产
的历史，源流，生产技术以及饮茶
技艺和茶道原理，享有 “茶叶百科
全书”之美誉。Explanation一、选词填空。smell, remain, ruler, boil, national1. October 1st is ________ Day in China.
2. Humans are the _____ of the earth.
3. When fish goes bad, it ______ terrible.
4. They _________ in that forest for a year.
5. Water _____ at 100℃. NationalrulerssmellsremainedboilsConsolidation二、根据汉语提示完成句子。1. I found the key __________ (偶然) when I was cleaning the house.
2. The May 4 Movement _________ (发生)
in Beijing in 1919.
3. He’ll succeed ____________ (毫无疑问) this time.
4. ____________ (据说) Shen Nong was the first to discover tea as a drink.
5. Tea _____________ (被带到) Korea and
Japan during 6th and 7th centuries. took placeby accidentwithout doubtIt is said thatwas brought to Consolidation1. Read the passage after school.
2. Make sentences with these words:
by accident, it is believed that, take place, without doubt, be used for, fall intoHomewokPeriod 3 Section A
Grammar Focus~4c
1. rule (名词) ___________
2. near (副词) ___________
3. nation (形容词) __________
4. 偶然；意外地 ___________
5. 发生 ______________
6. 毫无疑问；的确 ____________
7. 跌落 __________一、按要求写出下列词汇或词组take placenearlyrulernational by accidentwithout doubtfall intoRevision1. ___________________________________
2. ___________________________________
3. ___________________________________
4. ___________________________________
5. ___________________________________
6. ___________________________________
___________________________________The special cup is used for drinking wine. It’s believed that health is above wealth. We met at the train station by accident. I’m sorry that such an accident took place.She is without doubt very happy now. The boy fell into water and had to be pulled out at once. Check the homework.RevisionTell something about how tea was invented by accident.One day Shen Nong was boiling drinking water over an open fire. Some leaves from a tea plant fell into the water and remained there for some time. RevisionIt produced a nice smell so he tasted the brown water. It was quite delicious and one of the world’s favorite drink was invented.RevisionLu Yu “the saint of tea” mentioned Shen Nong in his book Cha Jing. The book describes how tea plants were grown and used to make tea. It also discusses where the finest tea leaves were produced and what kinds of water were used. Tell something about Lu Yu and his Cha Jing.RevisionIt is believed that tea was brought to Korea and Japan during 6th and 7th centuries. In England, tea didn’t appear until around 1660. The tea trade from China to Western countries took place in the 19th century.Tell something about how tea spread to other countries.Revision根据课本内容，完成下列句子。 1. 拉链是什么时候被发明的？
______ _____ the zipper ________?
2. 它于1893年被发明。
It ______ _________ in 1893. was inventedWhen was inventedGrammar Focus3. 它是由谁发明的？
______ _____ it invented ______?
4. 它是由惠特科姆?贾得森发明的。
It ____ ________ ___ Whitcomb Judson.
5. 茶叶什么时候被带到朝鲜去的？
_____ ______ tea _________ to Korea?
6. 是在六到七世纪之间被带到朝鲜。
It _____ _______ to Korea ________the 6th and 7th centuries.was invented by When was brought was brought duringWho was byGrammar Focus7. 热冰淇淋勺用来做什么？
What ___ the hot ice-cream scoop
_____ ____?
8. 它用来挖很冷的冰淇淋。
It’s _____ ____ ______ really cold
ice-cream. used for serving is
used forGrammar Focus9. 贝尔于1876年发明了电话机。
Alexander Graham Bell _________ the telephone in 1876.
10. 电话机在1876年被贝尔所发明。
The telephone _____ ________ ___ Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. invented was invented byGrammar Focus?? 一般现在时的被动语态中讲到的“被动语态的用法”和“如何将主动语态(含“主+谓+宾”句型的句子)变为被动语态”同样适用于一般过去时的被动语态，不同的只是这两种时态的被动语态的“构成”，所以这里我们重点讲解一般过去时的被动语态的构成(was / were +及物动词的过去分词)及在各种句式中的运用。 Grammar 1. 肯定句：
主语+was / were+及物动词的过去分词+其他.e.g. The bridge was built three years ago.
这座桥是三年前修建的。Grammar 2. 否定句：
主语+ was/were not+及物动词的过去分词+其他.e.g. Women were not allowed to take part in the games at first.
开始妇女不允许参加奥运会。e.g. Was this picture drawn by
your sister?
这幅画是你妹妹画的吗？ 3. 一般疑问句：
Was/Were +主语 +及物动词的过去分词+其他?Grammar 4. 特殊疑问句：
疑问词（不作主语） + was / were +主语 + 及物动词的过去分词(+ by短语) + 其他?
e.g. When was the bridge built?Grammar 1. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词，变为被动结构时介词或副词不能去掉。 e.g. They put off the meeting because of the weather.
→ The meeting was put off because of the
weather. 【拓展】 Grammar 2. 含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句时，通常
把指“人”的间接宾语变为主语，指“物”的
直接宾语保留不变；如果把指“物”的直接
宾语变为主语，则在间接宾语前加to或for。e.g. My aunt gave me an e-dictionary yesterday.
I was given an e-dictionary yesterday.
An e-dictionary was given to me yesterday.Grammar 3. 主动句中感官动词see / hear / watch / feel等和使役动词make / let / have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式符号to。 e.g. I saw a heavy man enter the house.
A heavy man was seen to enter the house.Grammar 4. 系动词、不及物动词或某些短语动词（happen, take place, come true, fall asleep…）没有被动语态。e.g. What happened to Mr. Brown?
布朗先生发生了什么事？Grammar 5. 含复合宾语(宾语 + 宾语补足语)的主动结
构变被动结构时，通常把主动结构中的宾
语改为被动结构中的主语，而宾语补足语
保留在谓语动词后面成为主语补足语。
如：
主动结构：I found him lying on the floor.
被动结构：He was found lying on the
floor by me.Grammar I. 根据各题后括号内的要求完成下列各题，每
空一词（含缩略形式）。
1. My mother cleaned the room this morning.?
(改为被动语态)
The room _____ _______ by my mother
this morning.
2. Was the model plane made by your brother?
(补全肯定答语)
_____, it _____.
Yes waswas cleanedGrammar 3. The bag was stolen last week.?(改为否定
句)
The bag ______ _______ last week.
4. The criminal was caught yesterday.? (对划
线部分提问)
______ _____ the criminal ________?wasn’t stolenWhen was caughtGrammar II. 将下列句子改为被动语态，每空一词。
1. We put off the meeting.
The meeting ___ ___ ___ by us.
2. Mother made me a new skirt.
A new skirt ___ _____ ___ me by Mother.
3. They asked me to help them.
I ___ _____ __ ____ ____.was made forwas put off? was asked to help themGrammar 4aRewrite the sentences using the passive voice.1. They sold the fridge at a low price.
______________________________
2. Somebody stole my camera
from my hotel room.
____________________________PracticeMy camera was stolen from my hotel room. The fridge was sold at a low price.3. Where did you take these photos?
__________________________________
4. Our parents advised us not to go out alone.
__________________________________
__________________________________
5. Different writers translated the book into different languages.
__________________________________
__________________________________Where were these photos taken? We were advised by our parents not to go out alone. The book was translated into different languages by different writers. Practice1. You ____________ to the party last night, weren’t you? Why didn’t you go?
2. The earthquake happened all of a sudden, but luckily the villagers _____________ to a safe place. were invitedeat, like, invite, tell, lock, ring, break, bringwere brought4bComplete the sentences with correct forms of the verbs in the box.Practice3. The door ___________ when we arrived, so we ______ the bell.
4. The students ___________ not to eat or drink in class, but Ruby ______ the rule when she started eating a biscuit in science class.
5. The cookies __________ by the hungry
kids in less than 20 minutes, and they really _____ them. was lockedrangbrokewere toldwere eatenlikedPracticeThe telephone ______________ (invent) by Alexander Graham Bell. He __________ (born) in 1847. Mr. Bell ________ (work) on the invention of the telephone with Thomas Watson. was bornwas inventedworkedDecide whether active or passive forms should be used in these sentence. Write the correct forms in the blanks. 4cPracticeIn 1875, Mr. Bell _________ (learn) how to send musical notes through an instrument similar to a telephone. Finally, the telephone _____________ (invent) in 1876. The first sentence that _________ (say) on the telephone by Mr. Bell was “Mr. Watson, come here; I want to see you.” Today the telephone ________ (use) around the world. learnedwas inventedwas said is usedPractice补全下列主动句变被动句。
1. Jenny put her clothes in the suitcase last night.
Her clothes____ ____ in the suitcase last night.
2. The twins sang an English song that day. An English song ____ _____ ___ by the twins that day.
3. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? ? ____ a bridge ____ here by them a year ago?
4. They sold out the light green dresses yesterday. The light green dresses ____ _____ _____ out.Homework
