课件35张PPT。第三课时：Section A
(Grammar Focus-4c) Life is full of the unexpected.Unit 12 同学们，上一课学习的单词你们都掌握了吗？现在大家来检验一下，点击下面的音频开始听写吧！Make conversations with your partners to narrate past things using “by the time…”.
eg:By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.Grammar FocusGrammar Focus
过去完成时的用法语法讲解(一)概念：过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某
一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成，也可以指过去的动作延续到过去的某一时刻，它表示发生的时间是“过去的过去”。过去的过去过去某时现在将来过去完成时(二)构成：过去完成时由“助动词had(用于各种人称
和数)＋过去分词”构成。
(三)关于过去完成时的几个考点：考点 1过去完成时的句型转换。变否定句时，在had后加not，一般疑问句把had提到句首。典例 1I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. (改为一般疑问句)
________you________reading the novel by nine o'clock last night? 【解析】此题用语法判定法解题。由题意可知had为过去完成时的助动词，变一般疑问句时，直接将其提到句首即可。Hadfinished典例 2I had finished my homework before supper.
(改为否定句)
I________ ________my homework before supper.【解析】考查过去完成时的否定式，即在助动词had后直接加not。hadn’tfinished考点 2过去完成时的判断依据。典例 The meeting ________ by the time I got there yesterday. (乌鲁木齐)
A．was on B．has been on
C．had begun D．has begun【解析】此题用寻找题眼法解题。由by the time引导的时间状语从句可知答案为C。C①过去完成时是一个相对的时态。只有和过去
的某个时间或动作相比较时才会用到。常见的时间状语(从句)由by，before，when，by the end of，by the time，until等引导。 过去完成时还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间，常与“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”连用。
eg：When Jack arrived，Mary had been away for
almost an hour.当杰克到时，玛丽已经离开差不多一个小时了。【易错点】典例By the time I got to the cinema，the movie ________for ten minutes.
A．had begun B．had been on
C．had started D．has been on【解析】此题用语法判定法解题。由By the time引导的时间状语从句可知应用过去完成时，由“for＋时间段”可排除A和C，答案为B。B③过去完成时经常用于主句为一般过去时的宾语
从句中，表示从句动作先于主句动作发生，像在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词后的宾语从句中。典例The police found that a lot of things________.
A．stole B．was stolen
C．stolen D．had been stolen【解析】此题用语法判定法解题。因为a lot of things作从句的主语，是动作的承受者，所以从句应用被动语态。又因“东西被偷”发生在“警察发现”之前，表示“过去的过去”，
所以用过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。D④ 在表示过去概念的句子中，常出现
与完成时态连用的词，如：already，yet，since，for，ever，never及表次数的词，此时句子常用过去完成时。
eg：I met Jim in the street yesterday.We hadn't
seen each other since he went to Beijing.
我昨天在街上碰见了吉姆。自从他去北京后，我们彼此没有见过面。【易错点】典例When we got there，the basketball match ________already________.
A．has；started B．had；started
C．is；starting D．was；started【解析】由关键词already和got以及题意“当我们到达那儿时，篮球赛已经开始了。”可知答案为B。B魔法记忆过去完成时及句型转换口诀：
过去的过去之动作，用过去完成时来掌舵。
构成“had＋过去分词”结构，切记had是助动词。没错，had 后加not 即否定，had提句首有把握，过去分词稳住不用变，上述内容记清好处多。1．Tim went into the bathroom.Mary got up.
By the time Mary got up,Tim had already gone into the bathroom.
2．The coffee became cold.I put cream in the coffee.
__________________________________________________
3．The teacher collected the math homework.I got to school.
___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
4．I completed the work for my boss.The workday ended.
_______________________________________________
_______________________________________________Make sentences using by the time or before.4aBy the time I put cream in the coffee，it had become cold.Before I got to school，the teacher had collected
the math homework.Before the workday ended，I had completed the work
for my boss.5．The movie started.I arrived at the cinema.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6．My mother finished making the apple pie.
I got home from my language course.
__________________________________________________________________________________________By the time I arrived at the cinema，the movie had
started.By the time I got home from my language course，
my mother had finished making the apple pie.Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box.1．By the time I arrived at the party，everyone else
________ already ______________.
2．When he put the noodles into a bowl，he realized he
_____________ to add the green beans.4brush out forget arrive at go into show up find outhadshowed uphad forgotten3．By the time my mother came back from the market，I
________ already___________ of the door to go to my piano lesson.
4．Before she got to the airport，she_____________about
the earthquake.
5．When she______________ the movie theater，she
remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog.
6．Before she got a chance to say goodbye，he
___________________ the building.hadrushed outhad found outarrived athad gotten intorush out forget arrive at go into show up find outshow up出现；露面show的常用词组：
show off 炫耀
show one's face露面
show up(使)看得见，变得明显知识点eg：She did not show up at the party.
这次聚会她没露面。拓展4cWrite two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement.1．By the time I left for school in the morning, _________
____________________________________
2．By the end of the school day，___________________
_________________________
3．By dinner time，I_____________________________ I realized
that I had left my keys at home. I had already finished
my homework.had made the egg soup. 一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空1．My family ________already________(paint)the walls
before we ________(move)into the new house last year.
2．Nick ____________(turn)off the lights by the time he
________(leave)the classroom.hadpaintedmovedhad turnedleft 3．All the tickets ________been ________(sell)out
before the movie ________(begin). (N)
4．By the end of last month, we _____________ (finish)
the work.
5．(上海)________(luck), the famous temple was
not damaged in the earthquake.had finishedLuckilyhadsoldbegan
【解析】had been done是过去完成时的被动形式。6. (中考·上海)By the end of last week，she ________ in the
west of China for two months helping the homeless children.
A．will stay B．has stayed
C．would stay D．had stayed二、单项选择【解析】本题用寻找题眼法解答。由By the end of last week可以判断出句子时态为过去完成时。句意：到上个周末为止，她呆在中国西部帮助那些无家可归的孩子已经两个月了。故选D。D7. (中考·上海)Harry has decided ________ an online shop
after graduating from school.
A．open B．to open
C．opened D．openingB
【解析】本题用固定结构法解答。decide to do sth.决定做
某事。故选B。8. (汕尾)Shu-how Lin is now one of _______
basketball players in NBA.
A．popular B．less popular
C．more popular D．the most popularD
【解析】考查形容词的比较等级。句意：现在林书豪是全美篮球协会最受欢迎的篮球运动员之一。“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”。故选D。9．(龙东)On Fridays, I often ________ with my
sister and watch Running Man at home.
A．show up B．come up C．stay upC
【解析】本题用辨析法解答。句意：在周五，我经常和妹妹________在家看《奔跑吧兄弟》。show up意为“如约赶到；(使)看得见”；come up意为“发生；被提及”；stay up意为“熬夜”。根据句意，可知选C。10．(连云港)—Oh, my God! I _____ my
notebook in my bedroom.
—It doesn't matter.I'll lend you mine.
A．forget B．forgot
C．leave D．leftD
【解析】本题用固定结构法解答。句意：——哦，天哪！我把我的笔记本落在了我的卧室里面。——没关系，我把我的借给你。“leave sth.＋some place”意为“把某物遗忘在某处”；“遗忘”是已经发生的动作，故用一般过去时。故选D。11. Tom was disappointed because most of the guests
________ when he ________ at the party.
A．left; had arrived B．left ; arrived
C. had left；had arrived D. had left; arrivedD12. (南充)—How long ________ your brother
________ this camera?
—For two weeks.
A．have；bought B．have；had
C．has；had D．has；boughtC
【解析】考查句子的时态。句意：——你哥哥拥有这部相机多久了？——两个星期了。buy为非延续性动词，在完成时句中应用延续性动词have代替。故选 C。13. The pen I ________ I ________ is on my desk.
A．thought；lost
B．thought；had lost
C．think；had lost
D．thought；have lostB14．—What did Bob ask you just now?
—He wanted to know how long ________ when he
reached the cinema.
A．the film had started
B．the film will start
C．the film had been onC
【解析】结合本题语境可知，要用过去完成时，而且start不能和how long搭配，故要用had been on。
15．(烟台)—Lucy has ________to London. How can
I get in touch with her?
—Don't worry. She will phone you as soon as she ________ there.
A．been；will get B．been；gets
C．gone；will get D．gone；getsD
【解析】考查句子的时态。句意：“露西去伦敦了，我怎么与她联系呢？”“不必担忧，她一到那里就会给你打电话”。“到某地去了”说话时句子的主语不在现场用have/has gone to；在时间状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故选D。 本节课主要学习了过去完成时态的意义和用法，了解了中考对这类题的考查角度，掌握了这类题的做题方法。1.熟记本课时的词汇
2.完成本课时的课后作业(ppt+word)课件8张PPT。一、单项选择
1．The meeting ________ by the time I got there yesterday.
(中考·乌鲁木齐)
A．was on B．has been on
C．had begun D．has begun
2．She didn't ________ at the costume party.
A．show up B．showed up
C．shown up D．turned up【解析】关键词didn't提示其后跟动词原形。CA3．In the Name of People(《人民的名义》) is so wonderful
that my uncle ________ to see it yesterday
evening.(2017·阜康)
A．picked up B．stayed up
C．set up D．took upB4．Great news for football lovers—more than 50, 000 soccer
schools will be built in our country ________ 2025.
A．in the end of B．at the end of
C．by the end of D．in the end【解析】辨析法。in the end最后；at the end of在……尽头；by the end of在(某时间点)以前。结合句意“……________ 2025年，我国将建立50000多所足球学校。”和选项可知用by the end of合适。C5．Dave is a good boy and he always finishes ________ his
homework on time.(2017·重庆)
A．do B．did
C．does D．doingD二、根据句意及汉语提示写单词
6．Tony usually has ________ (奶油)cakes for breakfast on
workdays.
7．The apple ________ (馅饼)are delicious. Would you like some?
8．These green ________ (豆荚)look good. Let's buy some.
9．There is a big ________ (市场)near my grandparents' house.
They enjoy buying things there.
10．He ________ (愚弄)me into giving him much money.creampiesbeansmarketfooled三、语法专练
11．—Why was he late for school yesterday?
—He overslept. By the time he got to the bus stop, the bus
________ already ________.(中考·襄阳)
A．was; leaving B．has; left
C．would; leave D．had; leftD【解析】语法判定法。公共汽车离开发生在got to the bus stop之前，用过去完成时，其构成为：主语＋had＋动词过去分词。12． School violence(暴力)________ much attention of the
whole society and people are calling on the government to
make laws against it as early as possible.
A．drew B．had drawn
C．has drawn D．was drawing
13．The plane ________ when we got to the airport.
A．had taken off B．was taken off
C．will take off D．is taking offCA14．The football match ________ before we arrived at the
field.
A．started B．had started
C．starts D．has started
15．They ________ their own company by the end of last
month.
A．had built B．have built
C．has built D．have been builtBAUnit 12 第3课时
一、单项选择
1．The meeting ________ by the time I got there yesterday. A．was on B．has been on
C．had begun D．has begun
2．She didn't ________ at the costume party.
A．show up B．showed up C．shown up D．turned up
3．In the Name of People(《人民的名义》) is so wonderful that my
uncle ________ to see it yesterday evening.
A．picked up B．stayed up C．set up D．took up
4．Great news for football lovers—more than 50, 000 soccer
schools will be built in our country ________ 2025.
A．in the end of B．at the end of
C．by the end of D．in the end
5．Dave is a good boy and he always finishes ________ his
homework on time.
A．do B．did C．does D．doing
二、根据句意及汉语提示写单词
6．Tony usually has ______ (奶油)cakes for breakfast on workdays.
7．The apple ________ (馅饼)are delicious. Would you like some?
8．These green ________ (豆荚)look good. Let's buy some.
9．There is a big ________ (市场)near my grandparents' house.
They enjoy buying things there.
10．He ________ (愚弄)me into giving him much money.
三、语法专练
11．—Why was he late for school yesterday?
—He overslept. By the time he got to the bus stop, the bus _______ already ________.
A．was; leaving B．has; left
C．would; leave D．had; left
12．(热点题)School violence(暴力)________ much attention of
the whole society and people are calling on the government to
make laws against it as early as possible.
A．drew B．had drawn C．has drawn D．was drawing
13．The plane ________ when we got to the airport.
A．had taken off B．was taken off
C．will take off D．is taking off
14．(原创)The football match ______before we arrived at the field.
A．started B．had started C．starts D．has started
15．They ________ their own company by the end of last month.
A．had built B．have built
C．has built D．have been built
答案
一、1.C
2．A 解析：关键词didn't提示其后跟动词原形。
3．B
4．C 解析：辨析法。in the end最后；at the end of在……尽头；by the end of在(某时间点)以前。结合句意“……________ 2025年，我国将建立50000多所足球学校。”和选项可知用by the end of合适。
5．D
二、6. cream 7. pies 8. beans
9. market 10. fooled
三、11.D 解析：语法判定法。公共汽车离开发生在got to the bus stop之前，用过去完成时，其构成为：主语＋had＋动词过去分词。
12．C 13.A 14.B 15.A
Unit 12第3课时
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．By the end of last week，they ________their work.
A．will finish B．has finished
C．would finish D．had finished
2．Robert was very upset that most of his friends ________when he
________at the party.
A．left，had arrived B．had left，arrived
C．left，arrived D．had left，had arrived
3．The plane ________when we got to the airport.
A．had taken off B．was taken off
C．will take off D．is taking off
4．He told me that he________back the book to Tom.
A．gives B．gave
C．had given D．has given
5．—Did you enjoy yourself at the concert?
—Not very much.My car broke down on the way and when I got
there，it________on for 40 minutes.
A．was B．has been
C．have been D．had been
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空。
6．By the end of last year，I ____________(be) to the West Hill
Farm three times.
7．Mom__________(go) out for some exercise by the time I got up.
8．By 10：00 last night，she __________(send) five emails to me.
9．When I went into the classroom，the final bell _______(ring)．
10．We _____________(paint) the house before we moved in.
Ⅲ.按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
11．He had studied English for five years before he came here.
(对画线部分提问)
______ ______ ______he studied English before he came here?
12．It had stopped raining when I woke up this morning.
(改为一般疑问句)
________it ________raining when you woke up this morning?
13．My father left for Guangzhou for business.I got home yesterday
evening.(用when合并为一句)
My father ________ ________for Guangzhou for business
________I got home yesterday evening.
14．Mike had learned five Chinese songs by the end of last term.
(改为否定句)
Mike ______ _____five Chinese songs by the end of last term.
15．Before I watched the movie，everybody had watched it.
(改为同义句)
_______ _______ _______I watched the movie，everybody had watched it.
Ⅳ.将下列句子合并为一句，每空词数不限。
16. We talked about the movies loudly.Mr Brown came into
the room.
When Mr Brown came into the room，we________ ________
the movies loudly.
17．The school bell rang.All of us rushed into the gym.
When the school bell rang，all of us _________ into the gym.
18．My parents came back home.I didn't finish my homework.
By the time my parents came back home，I ________
my homework.
19．The house was pulled down.The old man arrived home.
Before the old man arrived home，the house ________ down.
20．The water went out.I finished washing my hair.
By the time the water went out，I ________washing my hair.
答案
Ⅰ.1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.D
Ⅱ.6.had been 7.had gone 8.had sent
9．had rung 10.had painted
Ⅲ.11.How long had 12.Had，stopped 13.had left，when
14．hadn't learned 15.By the time
Ⅳ.16.were talking about 17.rushed 18.hadn't finished
19．had been pulled 20.had finished
