高考必考语法改错之被动语态十大经典错误(1)

课件44张PPT。高考必考语法改错被动语态错中学 易掌握
印象深 永不忘歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。★ 被动语态的构成。
以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为：
1．am/is/are +done 一般现在时
2．has /have been done 现在完成时　
3．am/is /are being done 现在进行时　
4．was/were done 一般过去时
5．had been done 过去完成时
6.was/were being done 过去进行时.
7．shall/will be done 一般将来时例　
8．should/would be done 过去将来时例　
9．shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）
?10．should/would have been done过去将来完成时（少用）被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式,被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而上变化。【改错】 注意！1. The book got written by him. 特点1 通常不接by sb. ，但有时接by sth. 。特点2 用get的地方，一般可用be代替，但用be的地方不一定能用get代替。
特点3 get多用于一般过去时。
特点4 这种结构大多是表示状态的系表结构。如：He got drunk. 他喝醉了。被动语态十大经典错误例析was__“get+过去分词”的四个特点 get + pp(过去分词) 的用法(get done结构) get是系动词，后接过去分词或形容词作表语，表示状语的改变，意为“被……，变得……”。它不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。
get dressed/changed
get married
get burnt/ burned
get drunk
get started
get lost
get caught in the rain
get damaged 　　
get excited
get killed
get paid
get hurt
穿衣服/换衣服
结婚
烧伤,晒黑
喝醉
开始
迷路
被雨淋湿
遭到破坏
激动
丧命
得到报酬
受伤【考点】“get＋过去分词”结构。
【考例】
1. Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you won't have time to _______________ before the party.(NMET04-28)
2. Be careful when you cross this very busy street． If not, you may______________ by a car．(北京2002)
3. — How are the team playing﹖
?? ?— They're playing well, but one of them ________ ．(北京2002春)
4. As we joined the big crowd，I _______ ________from my friends.(NMET2001)
5. Cleaning women in big cities usually? ________ by the hour.?
get changed “换衣服” get run over， got hurt， got separated， get paidget changed get run overgot hurtgot separatedget paid【改错】 注意！2. A library with five thousand books are offered to the nation as a gift. 解析：a library是offer的承受者，要用被动语态，又因主语(library) 是单数。注意：with five thousand books是a library是定语。被动语态十大经典错误例析is__将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题1. All the employees except the manager ________________(encourage) to work online at home.
2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _____________________(wash) each year. are encouragedare being washed away语法填空：3. Great changes have been taken place in our city since 2000. 【改错】take place和happen都是不及物动词或短语，不能用于被动语态。
break out ,break in， belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to , rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie ,occur等都属于不及物动词（词组）不能用于被动语态。被动语态十大经典错误例析不及物动词或短语The traffic accident was happened yesterday.
I’ll come after the meeting if time____________(permit).
The fire was broke out in the capital building.
After the earthquake, few houses were remained.
When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already been risen.permits\\我练、我练、我练练！【改错】 注意！4. I Your pronunciation should be paid attention. 有些短语动词相当于及物动词也有被动语态。短语动词变成被动语态时，不能把后面的介词或副词漏掉。被动语态十大经典错误例析to^短语动词变成被动语态介词、副词不能丢1. The doctor has been sent_______. (介词)
2. Your homework should be handed ______after class(副词)
3. Women were looked down ____ in the old days.
4. His house was broke __________ by a thief last night.
5. Newly-born babies are taken good care ____ in hospital.forin语法填空：upon/on intoof6. The patient is being operated____. on短语动词常见的有：
catch sight of,
make use of,
pay attention to,
set fire to,
take care of,
take hold of,
take notice of,
keep an eye on 7. Good care must ____________babies, particularly while they are ill.
be taken of be taken of解析：由固定短语take good care of(好好照看) 是可知，good care与take是被动关系【改错】 注意！5. She was heard sing an English song in the classroom. 有些动词如see , hear , watch , notice, listen to , let , make等，要求不带不定式符号to 的不定式做宾语补足语，但变成被动语态时要加上不定式符号to ,原来的宾语变成主语，原来的宾语补足语就变成了主语补足语。被动语态十大经典错误例析to^1. The boy was made ____ cry by his sister.语法填空：toBut :The strange was let go.【改错】 注意！61. Whom was English spoken in the next room just now? Who spoke English in the next room just now? (主动语态) 先把who当作主语sb变为被动语态，得到下面的句子。 English was spoken by whom in the next room just now? 疑问词要放在句首变为： Whom was English spoken by in the next room just now? 介词by可以同whom一起放在前面，也可以放在后面。被动语态十大经典错误例析by^62. French is also taught by our school. 【改错】by引出动作发出者;
我们学校也教法语。翻译成Our school also teaches French. 是错误的。
当动作的执行者没有必要指明或为大家所知时，通常用被动语态。
French is also taught in our school. in_被动语态十大经典错误例析 1. People should be stopped ______
cutting more trees. 语法填空：fromstop/prevent/ keep sb/sth (from) doing sth阻止??干某事。在主动语态中from可以省去，变成被动句sb/sth be stopped / prevented from doing sth. from不可省。Keep sb/sth from doing sth意思也是“阻止??干（做）??事”无论在主动语态或被动语态中，from不能省去,若省去from就变成keep sb/sth doing sth使某人一直干某事。2. ________was the new bridge built?
3. The doctor is known _____ us all.
4.The medical team is made up ___ two doctors and ten nurses.By whom toof【改错】 注意！5. The job had better been finished ahead of time.含had better的句子由主动语态变为被动语态时作用相当于一个情态动词，同can, may, must等，变为被动语态时相同。类似的词组还有seem to ,happen to ,used to ,have to ,be able to 等。被动语态十大经典错误例析be___【改错】 注意！7. A maths problem was discussed when I entered the classroom. 现在进行式的被动语态形式为am/is /are +being+过去分词。过去进行式的被动语态形式为was / were +being+过去分词。被动语态十大经典错误例析being^--Have you moved into your new house?
--No, it ____________________ (paint) now.语法填空：is being painted 【改错】 注意！8. An interesting story was told me last night. tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb.
Sb. be told sth.
Sth. be told to sb.被动语态十大经典错误例析to^The cup with mixture was showed ____ the class.
2. Some country music was played _____ us.
3. A question was asked ___ me by him. toforofbring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。【改错】 注意！9. They have married for 2 years.强调状态被动语态十大经典错误例析been^10. This book is sold well here. 【改错】有些动词，如act, add, brush, burn, clean, cook, count, cut, draw, drive, keep, lock, look, open, read, sell, smell, smoke, strike, wash, wear, write等，其主动形式在一些具体场合表示被动意义。这类句子的特点是：主语往往是“物”而不是“人”。另外，后面往往带有well这一类副词或者修饰主语的形容词。selling___被动语态十大经典错误例析主动表被动This kind of cloth ______(wash) well.
The soup ________(taste) wonderful. 语法填空：washestastestaste , feel, look, sound, smell, appear等，后接形容词作表语，不可用于被动语态。 主动表被动3. The patient needs_________________.
(take care of)taking care ofto be taken care ofneed ,want ,require三个词的主语是后面跟的动词的承受者时，动名词用主动形式，表示被动意思.不定式用被动形式，句型为： sb/sth needs/wants/requires doing/to be done4. Eggs won’t __________(keep) long in summer.
5. English is not easy___________(learn).
6. Please lend me a pen _______(write).
keepto learnto write withThe meat didn’t cook well. (主动句)
The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat. (被动句) 非谓语动词用主动形式表被动意义的6种场合（详见非谓语动词）
　　①在作表语或补语的形容词后作状语的不定式，用主动表被动。
　　②在have， with， there be后的名词后的不定式，表示“有…要…”时，用主动表示被动。
　　③在This / That / These / Those be后的名词后的不定式，用主动表被动。
　　④不定式to blame， to let等作表语时，用主动表示被动。
　　⑤在表示“（某物）需要”的need， want， require等后的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。
　　⑥在be worth后的动名词用主动表示被动
【改错】 注意！11. The People’s Republic of China was found on October 1, 1949. find-found-found
found-founded-founded被动语态十大经典错误例析founded——【改错】 注意！12. Wet clothes are often hanged up near a fire in rainy weather. hang-hanged-hanged绞死；上吊
hang-hung-hung悬挂被动语态十大经典错误例析hung——【改错】 注意！13. Only after my friend came?did the computer repaired. （NMET2005福建卷）将语态与倒装结合起来命题被动语态十大经典错误例析was— I can’t see any coffee in this cupboard.?Has it all been finished?? (NMET2005春)1 ?--- So what is the procedure??【2013北京】
? --- All the applicants_________ (interview) before a final decision _________(make) by the authority.? 【填空】are interviewed被动语态第一题
【解析】考查动词的语态和时态。句中applicants与interview之间为被动关系，应使用被动语态；且句子所描述的为一般情况，故用一般现在时态的被动语态。注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆☆No.1is made一般现在时1. I need one more stamp before my collection ________________(complete) . (NMET1994)
2. We won’t start the work until all the preparations ______________________
(make).（2014天津卷）
3. Hundreds of jobs __________________ (lose)if the factory closes. is completedhave been madewill be lost 【解析】通常说来。在时间状语从句中使用一般现在时代替将来时，前面的主句中使用将来时。在高中英语中也使用现在完成时代替将来时，表示到将来某个时间已经完成的事情。句义：直到所有的准备工作都做好以后，我们才开始工作。复合句中，从句用一般时表将来语法填空：2. It is said that the early European playing-cards ________________(design) for entertainment and education . (辽宁卷06-31)【填空】were designed 被动语态第二题
★表示过去某个时候发生的被动动作，用一般过去时的被动语态；注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆No.2一般过去时3. More patients _________________(treat) in hospital this year than last year.
(NMET2004，江苏，26) 【填空】have been treated被动语态第三题
根据this year确定为现在完成时。
。注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆No.3现在完成时4. Although the causes of cancer ____________________(uncover), we do not yet have any practical way to prevent it . (山东卷06-28) 【填空】are being uncovered被动语态第四题

表示现阶段正在发生的被动动作，用现在进行时的被动语态 。注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆No.4现在进行时5. By the end of last year, another new gymnasium ____________________(complete) in Beijing. (上海2003 春)【填空】had been completed被动语态第五题

由由短语By the end of last year可知完成这一动作发生在过去的过去.表示过去某个时候之前发生的被动动作，用过去完成时的被动语态。注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆No.5过去完成时6. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _______________________________ (complete) by 2006. (2004高考北京卷-27)【填空】will have been completed被动语态第六题

表示从现在看在将来某一时间之前完成的被动动作，用将来完成时的被动语态；注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆No.6将来完成时7. The rice ___________________________(burn) if you had been more careful. (MET1988) 【填空】would not have been burnt 被动语态第七题
虚拟语气注意！ 核心指数☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆☆No.7虚拟语气8. The mistake you've made must _________ (correct) at once. ('90)
Coal can ___________(use) to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.(M80)【填空】be usedbe corrected被动语态第八题

带情态动词的被动结构注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆No.89. After a fire broke out in the lab, a lot of equipment?_________________(damage). (NMET2005春)【填空】was damaged 被动语态第九题
★将语态与主谓一致结合起来命题注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆No.910. The policeman's attention was suddenly caught by a small box which ____________ (place) under the Minister's car.(NMET2005广东卷)【填空】had been placed被动语态第十题
考查定语从句中谓语动词的形式。根据题意place动作应发生在catch之前注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆No.101. It __________(say)that the boy has passed the national exam.【填空】is said 被动语态第十一题
＝The boy is said to have passed the national exam.
It is said that there is plenty of oil off our coast.
＝There is said to be plenty of oil off our coast.注意！ 核心指数☆☆☆☆☆ 难度指数☆☆☆☆No.11
“据说”类的三个被动句型
①It is said that…
②There is said to be…
③ sb. / sth. is said to…