贺州市2018中考英语（人新）一轮知识总结和拓展练及答案：8上U1--2

贺州市2018中考英语（人新）一轮知识总结和拓展练及答案：8上U1--2
中考阅读理解品析
话题
体裁
词数
难度
建议用时
生活趣事
记叙文
171
★★
5分钟
One afternoon, Mrs. Green’s husband wanted to catch the 3: 30 flight to London to have an important meeting. She was very surprised when he telephoned her at 5 o’clock and said that he was still at the airport.
“What happened to you? ” asked Mrs. Green.
“Well, ” said Mr. Green, “Everything was going fine. I got my ticket, checked my bag and waited in line. I walked across the runway(跑道) to the airplane and I saw my friend Jack Scott, who was an airplane engineer. I shouted to him and a policeman caught me. ”www.21-cn-jy.com
“Why did he catch you? ”
“I don’t know, ” said Mr. Green, “As soon as he heard my shout, he ran towards me and caught me. ”
“What did you shout to your friend? ”
“All I said was ‘Hi，Jack’. You know that’s the usual way we say hello to our friends. ”2·1·c·n·j·y
“But you don’t know the sentence ‘Hi, Jack’ also means to take control(控制) of a plane by force(武力). ”
1. How did Mr. Green want to go to London? _______.
A. By train B. By bus C. By ship D. By airplane
2. Why was Mrs. Green surprised? _______.
A. Because her husband didn’t arrive at the airport in time
B. Because her husband didn’t want to go to London
C. Because her husband was still at the airport at 5 o’clock
D. Because her husband’s friend didn’t let him go
3. When did Mr. Green get to the airport that afternoon? _______.
A. After 3: 30 B. Before 3: 30 C. At about 5: 00 D. After 5: 00
4. What was Jack Scott in the passage? _______.
A. He was a pilot B. He was a policeman at the airport
C. He was a passenger D. He was an engineer
5. According to the passage we know _______.
A. the policeman mistook (误解)what Mr. Green said
B. Mr. Green would take control of a plane by force
C. Jack Scott asked Mr. Green not to fly to London
D. Mr. Green was an engineer
1.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一句可知，Mr. Green 是想乘飞机去伦敦。
2.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据 Mr. Green 的答语可知，他还在飞机场，而他要乘坐的是3: 30的飞机，所以 Mrs. Green 感到惊奇。
3.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，他是下午3: 30的班机，第三段提到“Everything was going fine. ”, 所以 3: 30 之前他已到达飞机场。
4.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知，Jack Scott 是一名工程师。
5.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据短文最后一句可知，警察误解了 Mr. Green 的话。
第一部分：教材基础知识梳理
八年级(上)Units 1－2,基础知识梳理
重　　点　　单　　词
1.anyone pron.任何人
2．someone pron. 某人
3．everyone pron. 每人；人人；所有人
4．something pron. 某事；某物
5．nothing pron. 没有什么；没有一件东西
6．anywhere adv.在任何地方
7．hen n．母鸡
8．pig n. 猪
9．duck n. 鸭
10．bird n. 鸟
11．hill n．小山；山丘
12．top n. 顶部；表面
13．seem v. 好像；似乎；看来
14．diary n. 日记；记事簿
15．try v．&n. 尝试；设法；努力
16.bicycle n. 自行车；脚踏车
17．umbrella n. 伞；雨伞
18．wet adj.湿的；潮湿的；下雨的
19．below prep.&adv.在……下面；
到……下面
20．as adv.像……一样；如同
21．housework n．家务劳动；家务事
22.hardly adv.几乎不；几乎没有
23．ever adv.在任何时候；从来；曾经
24．Internet n．(国际)互联网；因特网
25．program n．节目
26．maybe adv.大概；或许；可能
27．coffee n．咖啡
28．result n．结果；后果
29．percent n．百分之……
30.online adj.&adv.在线(的)；联网(的)
31．television n．电视节目；电视机
32．although conj.虽然；尽管；即使
33．through prep.以；凭借；穿过
34．mind n．头脑；心智
35．body n．身体
36．together adv.在一起；共同
37．dentist n．牙科医生
38．magazine n．杂志；期刊
39．however adv. 然而；不过
40．none pron. 没有一个；毫无
41．point v．&n. 得分；点
42．almost adv. 几乎；差不多
词　　汇　　拓　　展
1.hunger n. →hungry adj. 饥饿的
2．health n. →healthy adj. 健康的
→healthily adv. 健康地
3．bore v. →boring adj. 没趣的；令人厌倦的
→bored adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的
4．act v．&n. →activity n. 活动
→action n. 行动
→actor n. 男演员
→actress n. 女演员
→active adj. 活跃的；积极的
5．decide v. →decision n. 决定；抉择
6．build v. →building n. 建筑物；房子
→built (过去式/过去分词)建筑；建造
7．trade v．&n. →trader n. 商人
8．wonder v．&n. →wonderful adj. 精彩的；绝妙的
9．differ v. →difference n．差别；差异
→different adj.不同的
→differently adv.不同地
10．wait v. →waiter v．男服务员；男侍者
→waitress n．女服务员；女侍者
11．like v．&prep. →dislike v．&n.不喜爱(的事物)；厌恶(的事物)
12．swing v．&n. →swung (过去式/过去分词)(使)摆动；摇摆
13.die v. →died (过去式/过去分词)
→dying (现在分词)消失；灭亡；死亡
→death n. 死；死亡
→dead adj.死的；失去生命的
14．write v. →wrote (过去式)
→written (过去分词)写作；写字
→writer n. 作者；作家
15．one num. →once adv.一次；曾经
→first num.第一
16．two num. →twice adv.两次；两倍
→second num. 第二
17．many&much adj.adv.&pron. →more (比较级)更多(的)
→most(最高级)最多；大多数
18．little adj. →less (比较级)较少的；更少的
→least (最高级)最小的；最少的
19．few adj. →fewer (比较级)较少的；更少的
→fewest (最高级)最少的
20．you pron. →you (宾格)你(们)
→your (形容词性物主代词)
→yours (名词性物主代词)你(们)的
→yourself (反身代词)你自己；您自己
→yourselves (反身代词)你们自己
21．full→empty(反义词)空的
续表
重　点　短　语
1.on vacation度假
2．quite a few相当多；不少
3．of course当然；自然
4．feel like给……的感觉；感受到
5．in the past在过去
6．because of因为
7．hardly ever几乎从不
8.swing dance摇摆舞
9．at least至少；不少于；起码
10．junk food垃圾食品
11．be good for对……有益
12．such as例如；像……这样
13．more than多于
14．less than少于
核　　心　　句　　型
1.—Where did Tina go on vacation？蒂娜去哪里度假？
—She went to the mountains.她去山里。
2．I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax.我只是待在家里，大部分时间去放松和读书。
3．So we decided to go to the beach near our hotel.因此我们决定去我们的宾馆附近的海滩。
4．I wonder what life was like here in the past.我想知道这里过去的生活怎么样。
5．What a difference a day makes！一天的差异是多么大啊！
6．—How often do you watch TV？你多久看一次电视？
—I watch TV every day.我每天都看电视。
7．Next week is quite full for me.对我来说下个星期是相当忙的。
8.But my mother wants me to drink it.但是我的妈妈想叫我去喝它。
9．The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.对我们提出的有关看电视的问题的回答也颇有意思。
10．It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows，but we think the best way to relax is through exercise.通过使用因特网或者看游戏类节目去放松是好的，但是我们认为去放松的最好的方法是通过锻炼。
11．Jane is a 16-year-old high school student in the United States.简是一个16岁的美国高中学生。
话　题　与　情　景　交　际
Unit 1 谈论过去的事
1．—Long time no see.
—Yes，I was on vacation last month.
2．—Where did you go on vacation?
—I went to the mountains.
3．—How was the food?
—Everything tasted really good!
4．—How did you like it?
—Well，it was my first time there，so everything was really interesting.
5．—Did you buy anything special?
—Yes，I bought something for my father./No，I bought nothing.
Unit 2 谈论做某事的频率
1．—What do you usually do on weekends?
—I often go to the movies.
2．—How often do you have piano lessons?
—Twice a week，on Wednesday and Friday.
3．—How often does he watch TV?
—He hardly ever watches TV.
4．—Do you go shopping?
—No，I never go shopping.
语
法
聚
焦
1.复合不定代词
2．动词过去式的规则变化和不规则变化
3．How often引导的特殊疑问句
4．频度副词
第二部分：基础跟踪训练
词汇运用。
A)从方框选词，并用其正确形式填空。
trade，different，one，magazine，point
1．They are twin sisters，but there are some __differences__ between them.21世纪教育网版权所有
2．Yang Ming wants to be a __trader__ after he leaves the school.21教育网
3．How many __points__ did you get?
4．Jane practices the piano __once__ a week.
5．How many __magazines__ did you buy last week?
B)根据汉语提示写词，完成短文。
A lot of people wish to be slim(苗条)，but at the same time they are 6.__worried__(担心的) about their health.In fact，it is important for everyone to 7.__lose__(失去) weight healthily，but how can you do it？Here's some good 8.__advice/suggestions__(建议)．【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Drink plenty of water and eat a(an) 9.__healthy__(健康的) diet.If you feel like eating snacks(零食)，drink a glass of water first.If you are 10.__still__(仍然) hungry after 15 minutes，then it's time for a light snack.Try to stay away from food 11.__with__(有) high calories(卡路里)，such as sweets and fast food.21·世纪*教育网
Do not eat 12.__more__(更多) than you can consume(消耗)．People get fat because they cannot consume all the calories that they get.So 13.__to__know/knowing__(知道) how many calories you really need is very important.www-2-1-cnjy-com
Take enough exercise.The “333” is good for you—exercise 14.__three__(三) times a week，for at least 30 minutes at a time，and your pulse rate(脉搏率) should be more than 130 after exercising.
Keep the three 15.__pieces__(条；块) of advice in mind and follow the advice.Then you'll surely have a slim and strong body.2-1-c-n-j-y
第三部分：拓展训练题
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C或者D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Last month, my wife and I took a wonderful hiking vacation to New Zealand. We flew to Auckland, then to Christ-church. We spent a few __1__ in Christchurch. It’s a great place __2__.21·cn·jy·com
They have a large __3__ close to the middle of town and it has many different plants and nature walks. Across the street __4__ the park is a museum about original Maori hand carvings (原始的毛利人手工雕刻品) and foods.
From the town square, we __5__ our tour with “Active New Zealand”， a New Zealand tour company. They gave us two people to look after us for the __6__ two weeks. One of them was the __7__ of the small tour bus, and the other cooked and helped with the hiking.21*cnjy*com
They drove us to the __8__ hiking places, especially rain forests, showed us the ways and made sure that we arrived __9__.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
We __10__ hiked to a glacier(冰川), a real life glacier near Mount Hood.【出处：21教育名师】
When we __11__ the canyon(峡谷), we could have the choice of a bus tour or hiking. We would like to __12__.
To my great __13__， there were no snakes, no mosquitoes(蚊子) and no harmful spiders(有害的蜘蛛) in the rain forests. We only __14__ a pest(害虫), which was a small sandfly in the wetter places.
The rain forests were safe, not __15__ some other places we visited.
If you want to visit rain forests that are safe, New Zealand is the place.
( )1. A. days B. months C. years D. hours
( )2. A. to play B. to watch C. to hear D. to visit
( )3. A. zoo B. shop C. market D. park
( )4. A. to B. between C. from D. on
( )5. A. decided B. started C. planned D. knew
( )6. A. last B. first C. next D. near
( )7. A. passenger B. driver C. the cook D. the doctor
( )8. A. different B. same C. simple D. quiet
( )9. A. quickly B. quietly C. safely D. dangerously
( )10. A. also B. too C. either D. neither【版权所有：21教育】
( )11. A. arrived in B. arrived at C. got D. reached to
( )12. A. drive B. run C. hike D. fly
( )13. A. success B. surprise C. interest D. joy
( )14. A. talked about B. worried about
C. heard of D. looked after
( )15. A. with B. from C. as D. like21教育名师原创作品
语篇解读：本文讲述了作者和他的妻子到新西兰的美好旅程。在导游和司机的带领下参观了冰川、峡谷和热带雨林。本文按照旅行的顺序讲述作者参观Christchurch的经过。考查了动词、名词、介词、形容词和易混词，认真审题，不难做出正确的判断。
1. A。从文章第一句和所给的选项可知。
2. D。不定式作定语，It指Christchurch这个地方，它是一个参观(to visit)的好地方。
3. D。从后面一句和所给的选项可知。
4. C。across from意为“在……对面”，本句表示穿过街道在公园对面是一个博物馆。
5. B。我们开始(started)我们的旅行……。
6. C。句意：他们给我们安排了两个人在接下来(next)的两个星期来照顾我们。
7. B。从the small tour bus这句话可知，其中一位是司机(driver)。
8. A。从后面可知，他们开车把我们送到不同的(different)地方去徒步旅行。
9. C。从句意和所给的选项可知，他们应是保证我们安全地(safely)到达。
10. A。我们也徒步去了冰川。四个选项都有“也”的意思。Too用在肯定句或一般疑问句的句末；either用在否定句的句末；also用在肯定句的句中；neither两者都不。
11. B。峡谷是一个小地方，故选B。reach, get to, arrive in/at都表示到达的意思，可相互替换，但arrive in后接较大的地点，而arrive at后接较小的地点。
12. C。从上句的两种旅行方式和所给的选项可知。
13. B。从下文峡谷里没有蚊子和有害的蜘蛛可知，这让我感到惊奇(surprise)。
14. B。从后面一句可知，我们只担心(worried about) 一种害虫。
15. D。这里是指不像其他地方那样，所以用like。
二、任务型阅读
?阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
When you are in Hong Kong, you must be very careful in the meets because the traffic drives on the left. It is different from that in other areas of China. If you are the first time to come to Hong Kong, you must look to the right side and then the left before you cross the street. If the traffic lights are red, the traffic must stop. Then people on foot can cross the road carefully. But if the traffic lights are green, the traffic can go, people on foot mustn’t cross.
When people go to or come from work in the morning and evening, the streets are very busy.
Tragic is the most dangerous then, especially(尤其) for the children.
When you go by bus in Hong Kong, you have to be careful, too. You muss always remember the traffic moves on the left. So you must be careful. Have a look first, or you will go the wrong way.
In Hong Kong, there are many big buses with two floors, you can sit on the second floor. From there you can see the view of the whole city well. It’s very interesting.
1. Why must you be very careful in the street in Hong Kong?
____________________________________________________________________
2. What can people on foot do if the traffic lights are red?
____________________________________________________________________
3. Does the traffic drive on the left in other areas of China?
____________________________________________________________________
4. There are many big buses with two floors in Hong Kong, aren’t there?
____________________________________________________________________
5. What should you do when you cross the streets?
____________________________________________________________________21*cnjy*com
【参考答案】
1. Because the traffic drives on the left. It is different from that in other areas of China.
2. People on foot can cross the road carefully.
3. No, it doesn’t.
4. Yes, there are.
5. I should look to the right side and then the left before I cross the street.
三、短文首字母填空
阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的单词。
Sixteen years ago a boy gave me an important gift. It was a smile.21cnjy.com
It was the e__1__ autumn of my first year at a middle school，and my old school was far away. As a result，no one knew who I was. I was very l__2__，and afraid to speak to anyone.
Every time I h__3__ the other students talking and laughing，I felt my heart break. I couldn't talk with anyone about my problems.
Then one day，w__4__ my classmates were talking happily with their friends，I was sitting at my desk unhappily as usual. At that moment，a boy entered the classroom. I didn't know who he was. He passed by me and then turned back. He looked at me，with a smile.
Suddenly，I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. It made me f__5__ happy and warm. That smile changed my l__6__.I started to talk with other students and made friends. Day by day，I became c__7__ to everyone in my class. The boy with the lucky smile has become my best friend now.
One day I asked him w__8__ he had smiled，but he couldn't remember doing so!
It doesn't matter because all the dark days have g__9__.I believe that the world is what you think it is. If you think it is lonely，you might always be alone. So smile at the world a__1__ it will smile back.
1.__________ 2.__________ 3.__________ 4.__________ 5.__________
6.__________ 7.__________ 8.__________ 9.__________ 10.__________
【参考答案】
1.early 2.lonely 3.heard 4.when 5.feel
6.life 7.closer 8.why 9.gone 10.and