贺州市2018中考英语（人新）一轮知识总结和拓展练及答案：8下U3--4

贺州市2018中考英语（人新）一轮知识总结和拓展练及答案：8下U3--4
阅读理解训练品析
话题
体裁
词数
难度
建议用时
学校生活
书信
228
★★★
6分钟
To Give up or Not to Give up as Class Monitor?
Dear Brad,
In about 3 months, I will take a very important test. If I pass the test with good grades, I can get to the 10th grade and choose a good school to study in. Now I am trying my best to achieve this. At the same time, I’m monitor in my class, which means I should do lots of things for my class. ①I am so busy with my schoolwork and duties as monitor that I don’t have enough time to keep a balance between them. Gradually I become lazy. ②The other day, my headteacher told me that she was disappointed in my poor performance as class monitor. Her words really discouraged(使泄气) me.
What should I do now, to give up or not to give up as class monitor? I must do my best in school because how well I do will influence where I go after this school year is over and it can affect the rest of my life. Being class monitor is also a valuable(宝贵的) learning experience because my teacher trusts me to be a good leader. ③I don’t want to go to my parents for suggestions, for they will get worried about me. Can you tell me how to choose? 【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
Yours,
Gates
1. 根据①处内容，完成下面的句子。(每空一词)
I am _______ busy with my schoolwork and duties as class monitor _______ have enough time to keep a balance between them. 21教育网
2. 根据②处内容，完成下面的句子。(每空一词)
The other day, my headteacher said to me, “_______ _______ disappointed in your poor performance as class monitor. ”
3. 将③处翻译成汉语。
_______________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1. too; to 2. I am
3. 我不想去我父母那儿寻求建议， 因为他们将会担心我。
第一部分：教材基础知识梳理
八年级(下)Units 3－4,基础知识梳理
重　　点　　单　　词
1.rubbish n．垃圾；废弃物
2．floor n．地板
3．mess n．杂乱；不整洁
4．neither adv.也不 pron.两者都不
5．shirt n．衬衫
6．pass v．给；递；走过；通过
7．borrow v．借；借用
8．finger n．手指
9．hate v．厌恶；讨厌
10．while conj.与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而
11．stress n．精神压力；心理负担
12．waste n．浪费；垃圾 v．浪费；滥用
13.provide v．提供；供应
14．anyway adv.而且；加之
15．since conj. 因为；既然
prep.conj.&adv.从……以后；自……以来
16．neighbor n. 邻居
17．allow v．允许；准许
18．wrong adj.有毛病；错误的
19．guess v．猜测；估计
20．elder adj.年纪较长的
21．whatever pron.任何；每一
22.nervous adj.焦虑的；担忧的
23．offer v．主动提出；自愿给予
24.copy v．抄袭；模仿；复制；复印
25．return v．归还；回来；返回
26．anymore adv.(常用于否定句和疑问句末)再也(不)；(不)再
27．member n．成员；分子
28．pressure n．压力
29．opinion n．意见；想法；看法
30．skill n．技艺；技巧
31．continue v．持续；继续存在
32．crazy adj.不理智的；疯狂的
33．push v．鞭策；督促；推动
34．cause v．造成；引起
35．perhaps adv.可能；大概；也许
词　　汇　　拓　　展
1.relation n. →relationship n．关系；联系
→relative n．亲戚；亲属
2．cloud n. →cloudy adj. 多云的
3．sweep v. →swept (过去式/过去分词)扫；打扫
4．throw v. →threw (过去式)
→thrown (过去分词)扔；掷
5．lend v. →lent (过去式/过去分词)借给；借出
6．develop v. →development n．发展；发育；成长
→developing adj.发展中的
→developed adj.发达的；高度发展的
7．drop v. →dropped (过去式/过去分词)落下；掉下
8．deal v．&n. →dealt(过去式/过去分词)处理；应付
9．argue v. →argument n．争论；争吵
10.communicate v. →communication n．交流；沟通
11．explain v. →explanation n．解释；说明
12．compete v. →competition n．比赛；竞赛；竞争
13．ill adj. →illness n．疾病；病
14．fair adj. →fairness n．公正性；合理性
→unfair adj.不合理的；不公正的
15．proper adj. →properly adv.正确地；恰当地
16．clear adj. →clearly adv.清楚地；清晰地；明白地
17．quick adj. →quickly adv.快地；迅速地
18．usual adj. →unusual adv. 不寻常的；与众不同的
→usually adv.通常地；一般地
19．two num. →second(序数词)第二
→secondly adv. 第二；其次
重　　点　　短　　语
1.take out the rubbish倒垃圾
2．do the dishes洗餐具
3．make one's bed整理床铺
4．all the time频繁；反复
5．as soon as一……就……；尽快
6．in order to目的是；为了
7．depend on依靠；依赖
8．take care of照顾；处理
9.do chores做家务
10．as a result结果
11．fall ill患病
12．look through快速查看；浏览
13．work out成功地发展；解决
14．get on with和睦相处；关系良好
15．cut out删除；删去
16．compare…with比较；对比
17．in one's opinion依……看
核　　心　　句　　型
1.Could you please sweep the floor？请你(帮我)打扫地板好吗？
2．Could I use your computer？我能用用你的电脑吗？
3．For one week，she did not do any housework and neither did I．一周来，她没有做任何家务，我也没有做。
4．Housework is a waste of their time.做家务是在浪费他们的时间。
5．They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。
6.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做家务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。
7．My parents don't allow me to hang out with my friends.我的父母不允许我和我的朋友们闲逛。
8．Well，I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.哦，昨天我发现我妹妹翻了我的东西。
9．Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child's development.医生说太多的压力对孩子的发展无益。
续表
话题与情景交际
Unit 3 礼貌地提出请求；征求许可
礼貌地提出请求
1．—Could you please take out the rubbish?
—Yes，sure./Of course./Certainly./OK./All right.
征求许可
2．—Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?
—Yes，but don't come back too late.
Unit 4 谈论问题
1．—What's wrong？/What's the matter with you?
—I'm really tired because I studied until midnight last night.
提供建议
2．—What should he do?
—He should talk to his friend so that he can say he's sorry.
3．—Maybe you could go to his house.
—I guess I could，but I don't want to surprise him.
语
法
聚
焦
1.“Why don't you…？”句型
2．连词(until，so that和although)
第二部分：基础跟踪训练
词汇运用。
A)从方框选词，并用其正确形式填空。
usually，old，typically，fair，skill[来源:学+科+网]
1．My __elder__ brother is three years older than me.21cnjy.com
2．This kind of weather is __typical__．
3．We should learn some __skills__ as many as possible when we are young.
4． Doing housework at home helps the kids to understand the idea of __fairness__．
5．Mike came home later than __usual__．
B)(2018原创)根据汉语提示写词，完成短文。
I was feeling a little blue because I had lost my job.www.21-cn-jy.com
One day，while I was walking on the street，I heard someone 6.__playing__(玩) the piano.I walked to find out where it was coming from.7.__Then__(然后) I saw a young lady.2·1·c·n·j·y
She was singing songs 8.__about__(关于) love.The way she was singing made me a little comfortable.I stood there 9.__quietly__(静静地)，watching her playing music.She noticed me.I walked over and told her，“I have been going through a hard 10.__time__(时期) recently，but you've made me hopeful again.”www-2-1-cnjy-com
“I'm glad that I could help，” she 11.__replied__(回复)．“Why are you so sad？”
“Well，I have lost my job，and I'm not so sure what to do…” “Did you notice the way you were walking？Your head was down，” she said.“Don't be upset，because the chance comes in different 12.__ways__(方式)．You might not see it 13.__if__(如果) your head is down.You should smile more and lift your head up.”21*cnjy*com
I was shocked by her words and decided to 14.__change__(改变)．Then I asked，“Why are you playing the piano here？” She explained that she saw a lot of unhappy people in the world and she tried to cheer 15.__them__(他们) up by playing music.I smiled a little wider，realizing that no difficulty could stop me from going on.【出处：21教育名师】
第三部分：拓展训练题
一、完形填空
Why do I want to go to college? No one has ever asked me __1 _ a question. But many times I have asked myself. I have __2__ a whole variety of reasons. __3__ important reason is that I want to be a better man. 【版权所有：21教育】
Many things make human beings different __4__ or better than or even superior to animals.
One of the most important things is __5__ . If I fail to receive higher education, my education __6__. As I want to be a fully __7__ man, I must get a well-rounded education, which good colleges and universities are supposed to __8__. I know one can get educated in many ways, but colleges and universities are __9__ the best places to teach me how to educate myself. Only when I am well-educated, will I be a better human being and __10__ fit into society.21教育名师原创作品
1. A. quite B. so C. such D. another
2. A. come up with B. agreed with C. been fed up with D. got on well with
3. A. Most B. The most C. More D. Much
4. A. to B. around C. between D. from
5. A. education B. weather C. temperature D. science
6. A. finished B. don’t finish C. will not finish D. has finished
7. A. develop B. developed C. developing D. experience
8. A. improve B. graduate C. hear D. provide
9. A. between B. among C. inside D. outside
10. A. can good B. may better C. be able to better D. be able to best21*cnjy*com
名师点评
本文主要围绕“我为什么要上大学？”这一话题展开讨论，首先介绍了教育对人发展的重要性，然后说明大学在教育中的地位，从而层次分明地解释了上大学的原因。
答案简析
1. C。such常用在不定冠词或名词前修饰可数名词或不可数名词，表示“此类的”、“这种的”，故such为正确选项。
2. A。come up with意为“提出、找出”；agree with意为“同意”；be fed up with意为“对……厌倦”；get on well with意为“和……相处得好”。根据文意A为正确选项。
3. B。上文讲到我曾找到过各种各样的原因，其中最重要的原因应当是……，因此这里应用important的最高级，故选the most。21世纪教育网版权所有
4. D。固定结构be different from 表示“不同于……”。
5. A。本段着重说明了教育在人的发展中的作用，以及大学在教育中的地位。作为总括句，本空应填education。
6. C。这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，意为“如果我不能受到更高等的教育，我就无法完成我的学业”，故选will not finish为正确选择。
7. B。这里只能选可作定语的选项。过去分词developed表示“成熟的”，为正确选项。
8. D。大学应是提供高等教育的地方, provide符合文意为正确选项。
9. B。介词among可表示”包括……在内”为正确选项。
10. C。与前半句相对应，这里仍应用比较级，而may better意思不对，因此be able to better为正确选项。
二、任务型阅读
阅读短文，按要求完成问题。
You can tell a lot about your friends by what they carry in their schoolbags: what they read, and other things they like to do out of school.
In the bags of middle school-age boys in the UK, you can find hand-held computer games and football?magazines?(杂志). Girls usually have a book in their bag (maybe a romantic novel) and some?make-up?(化妆品) and?hair clips?(发夹). Boys and ______ both often have an iPod, a mobile phone, and, of course, last night's homework!21·cn·jy·com
By looking in a friend’s bag, you can tell what kind of person he/she is. A clean and tidy bag without trash shows an?organized?(有条理的) person. A bag full of textbooks and pens belongs to someone who works hard.
British middle school-age children also have a?locker?(有锁的存储柜) at school. They store their books or sports things, such as a football or tennis racket there. They use pictures to make the inside of their lockers beautiful. Maybe they have pictures of their favorite music or sports star, or photos of their friends. So just like their bag, their locker says a lot about the person.
1题补全句子；2题简略回答问题；3题在原文横线上填上合适的词；
4题总结文章的主旨大意；5题把划线句子翻译成汉语。
You can____________ about your friends by the things in their schoolbags.
What things are there in bags of middle school-age boys in the UK?21·世纪*教育网
______________________________________________.
______________________________________________.
______________________________________________.
【参考答案】
1.tell a lot
2.hand-held computer games and football?magazines? 【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
3.girls
4.You can tell a lot from someone's bag
5.通过看一个朋友的书包里面，你可以说出他/她是什么样的人。
三、短文首字母填空
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。
Living in a city has (71) b advantages and disadvantages. It is often (72) e to find work in a city than in the countryside. There are always many choices of public transport. Besides, there are a lot of (73) I things to do and places to see. You can eat in good (74) r , visit museums, go to cinemas and go to parks when you (75) w to relax. (76) H , living in a city is often very (77) e . You must find a well-paid job, otherwise you will not be able to (78) b the things you want. What's more, the city is always crowded, (79) n and dirty. It is very difficult to find a good place where people can enjoy peace and (80) f air as in the countryside.2-1-c-n-j-y
参考答案
71. both 72.easier 73.interesting 74.restaurants 75.want
76. However 77.expensive 78.buy 79.noisy 80.fresh