2017-2018学年高考英语人教版周末培优专题第21 周短文改错

第 21 周
短文改错
（测试时间：50分钟，总分：60分）
班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 座号：____________ 得分：____________
I. 单项填空(每小题1分，共10分)
1.— What happened to the young trees we planted last week?
— The trees __________ well, but I didn’t water them.
A. might grow B. would have grown
C. needn’t have grown D. would grow
【答案】B
2.—Nancy doesn’t look very well. What’s wrong with her?
—She has a terrible headache because she__________ too long. She should stop to have a good rest.
A .has been working B. had worked
C.is working D. was working
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意：——Nancy看起来不舒服。她怎么了？——因为她写东西时间太长了，一直头疼。她应该停下来休息一下。从She should stop to have a good rest.可知，她从过去到现在一直在工作，可能还要继续下去，应该用现在完成进行时。故选A。
3. __________ more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Interact games, I would be sitting in a comfortable office now.
A. If I devoted B. Had I devoted
C. Would I be devoted D. Should I be devoted
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我投入更多的精力在我的学习上，而不是着迷于网络游戏，我现在就会坐在一个舒适的办公室里了。本句运用了虚拟语气，根据句意可知，从句是对过去时期的推测。所以，从句的完整表达方式应该是if I had devoted more energy to my study instead of being crazy about Interact games.此时，可以省去if，提前had。故选B。
4.— Why not talk with your parents about your willingness to attend 2017 Peking University Summer Camp?
— I tried __________ to get them to listen to me.
A.in time B.in vain
C.in need D.in case
【答案】B
5.An accident happened on the main road. That is ______ traffic seemed to slow suddenly.
A. why B. how
C. when D. what
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词。句意：主路上发生了一起事故，这就是为什么交通突然减慢下来。is后面跟表语从句，连词表＂为什么＂的意思。A. why引起表语从句，在从句中表示原因；B. how引起表语从句，在从句中表示方式；C. when引起表语从句，在从句中表示时间；D. what引起表语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语等成份。故选A。
6.______ exactly what was wrong with him, the doctors gave him a complete examination.
A. To discover B. Discovering
C. Discovered D. Having been discovered
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语。句意：为了准确地发现他出了什么问题，医生给了他一个完整的检查。此句中用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。
7.If you have any question, please________ free to contact me at sue_smith126.com.
A.to feel B. feeling
C. feel D. felt
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语。句意：如果你有任何问题，请随时通过邮箱sue_smith126.com与我联系。在please后面跟动词原形。故选C。
8.I gave some money to John, __________ house was destroyed in the flood.
A. which B. what C. who D. whose
【答案】D
9.What made them miss the deadline was not their lack of funding, but __________ their lack of planning.
A. even B. still C. rather D. ever
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定短语。＂not…, but rather…＂是一特殊结构。not…, but…是＂不是……，而是……＂的意思，在but后添加副词 rather 起加强语气作用，更强烈地表示与前分句的对比意味。故选C。
10. __________ got on the train when it began to move.
A. No sooner had I B.I had no sooner
C. Hardly had I D.I hardly had
【答案】C
【解析】考查固定句型及倒装。句型：no sooner…than…=hardly…when…＂一……就……＂根据题干中的when可知，此处应为hardly…when…结构，hardly位于句首时，主句要使用部分倒装；D项语序不对。故选C。
II.语法填空(每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During the Spring and Autumn Period, the State of Wu launched an attack against the State of Yue. The king of Wu was seriously wounded and soon died. His son Fu Chai became the new king. Fu was determined to avenge his father’s death. He trained his army?　1　(strict) until it was a perfect fighting force. Three years later, he led his army to fight?　2　the State of Yue and caught its king Gou Jian.
Fu let Gou Jian live in a shabby stone house by his father’s tomb and?　3　(order) Gou Jian to raise?　4　(horse) for him. Gou pretended to be loyal to Fu but he never forgot his humiliation (耻辱). Many years later, he?　5　(set) free. Gou secretly accumulated a military force after he went back to his own state. To make?　6　(he) tougher he slept on firewood and ate a gall bladder before having dinner and going to bed every night. At　7　same time he administered his state carefully,?　8　(develop) agriculture. After a few years, his country became strong. Then Gou seized a favorable opportunity?　9　(wipe) off the State of Wu.
Later, people use the idiom Wo Xin Chang Dan to describe one?　10　stands self-imposed (自愿负担的) hardships to strengthen his determination to realize his ambition.
【文章大意】本文讲的是越王勾践卧薪尝胆最终成功复仇的故事。文章告诉我们：要实现自己的抱负一定要有决心和毅力。
3.ordered
【解析】考查动词时态。这篇文章讲的是过去的事情，and前后动词形式要一致，所以此处应用一般过去时。
4.horses
【解析】考查名词单复数。根据语境可知，此处表示吴王夫差让越王勾践替他喂马。喂的马肯定不止一匹，所以应用名词复数形式。
5.was set
【解析】考查动词时态、语态。主语he与set是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，又因为此处叙述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。
6.himself
【解析】考查代词。分析语境可知，这里指勾践本人，所以用反身代词。
7.the
【解析】考查冠词。at the same time＂与此同时＂，为固定用法，故此处应填定冠词the。
8.developing
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此处表示，与此同时勾践励精图治，大力发展农业。此处应用动词-ing形式作伴随状语，故填developing。
9.to wipe
【解析】考查非谓语动词。seize an opportunity to do sth. ＂抓住机会做某事＂，动词不定式作后置定语。
10.who/that
【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。此处是定语从句，先行词是one，指人，所以用who或that。
III.完形填空(每小题1分，共20分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was an extraordinary night. The noisy Mexico City gradually?　1　. The main stadium of the Olympic track and field competition was covered in the?　2　.
After he finished making the scenes of the marathon winners?　3　the prizes, Greenspan, the world famous news documentary producer, found the?　4　empty. It was time for him to?　5　to the hotel for a rest. He was about to leave?　6　he suddenly saw a bandaged man?　7　the stadium. This man ran completely?　8　, but he didn’t stop. After he ran along the runway for a circle and got to the goal, he collapsed on the ground.
Greenspan guessed this was a marathon athlete. Out of curiosity, he?　9　to ask why the athlete wanted to run to the?　10　with such a difficulty. The young man replied, ＂That my country sent me here?　11　more than 20 000 kilometers is not to let me only get off the starting line in the competition, but to make me?　12　the game. I want to run to the goal, though I have?　13　all other runners, but I have a(n)?　14　goal like them: I will run to the goal. ?　15　the audience won’t cheer me any more, my motherland is watching me?　16　from behind. ＂ Tears poured from Greenspan’s eyes. Soon, he spread the most?　17　scene in the history of the Olympic Games to every corner of the world.
Life should have a dream of?　18　the peak, yet we should understand not everybody has the ability to do it. The most?　19　is not whether we can get to the peak but whether we have made the greatest?　20　— to reach the goal in the mind is a success.
1.A. withdrew B. extended C. calmed down D. lay down
2.A. coldness B. kindness C. witness D. darkness
3.A. donating B. refusing C. receiving D. offering
4.A. classroom B. stadium C. hall D. square
5.A. return B. move C. turn D. lead
6.A. before B. when C. since D. until
7.A. ran into B. ran out C. left D. approached
8.A. aimlessly B. carelessly C. out of work D. out of breath
9.A. drew back B. walked out C. went over D. moved on
10.A. goal B. consequence C. ambition D. condition
11.A. with B. by C. of D. from
12.A. accompany B. complete C. participate D. conquer
13.A. fallen apart B. fallen down C. fallen away D. fallen behind
14.A. innocent B. important C. sacred D. awful
15.A. Though B. That C. As long as D. As soon as
16.A. wildly B. curiously C. devotedly D. excitedly
17.A. thrilling B. touching C. unforgettable D. unimaginable
18.A. climbing B. reaching C. seizing D. exploring
19.A. impressive B. remarkable C. obvious D. important
20.A. efforts B. spirits C. gains D. measures
【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一位年轻运动员在比赛中受了伤，但仍然坚持完成比赛。专题纪录片的制作者Greenspan看到后，深受感动，向全世界报道了这一事件。本文告诉我们，人生最重要的不是能否到达峰顶，而是是否尽到了最大努力——到达心中的目标，便是一种成功。
4.B 【解析】考查名词。根据后文的＂. . . he suddenly saw a bandaged man 　7　the stadium＂可知选B。此处为原词复现。
5.A 【解析】考查动词。根据后文＂for a rest＂的提示可知，此处表示该回宾馆休息了，所以选A。
6.B 【解析】考查连词。此处表示他刚要离开体育场，突然看到一个绑着绷带的人跑进体育场。be about to do. . . when. . . 意为 ＂正要……就在这时……＂，为固定用法，所以选B。
7.A 【解析】考查语境选词。根据下文中的＂This man ran completely 　8　， but he didn’t stop＂的描述可知他是跑着进入体育场的，所以选A。
8.D 【解析】考查语境选词。根据下文中的＂After he ran along the runway for a circle and got to the goal， he collapsed on the ground＂可知他跑得很累，上气不接下气，所以选D。aimlessly＂无目标地＂，carelessly＂粗心大意地＂，out of work＂下岗＂，out of breath＂上气不接下气＂。
9.C 【解析】考查动词短语。根据下文中的＂The young man replied＂可知，此处表示Greenspan走过去问话，所以选C。draw back＂撤回＂，walk out＂走出去＂，go over＂走过去＂，move on＂开始做＂。
10.A 【解析】考查名词。后文提到＂I want to run to the goal＂，此处为原词复现，所以选A。goal＂目标＂，consequence＂结果＂，ambition＂雄心＂，condition＂状况＂。
11.D 【解析】考查介词。此处表示我的国家从两万多公里外送我来这里，不是只叫我在这场比赛中起跑，而是派我来完成比赛。所以选from ＂从……＂。
14.C 【解析】考查形容词。根据下文中的＂I will run to the goal＂可知，此处表示我有着和他们一样神圣的目标。所以选C。innocent＂无辜的，纯真的＂；important＂重要的＂；sacred＂神圣的＂；awful＂可怕的＂。
15.A 【解析】考查连词。尽管不再有观众为我加油，但我的祖国在我身后全身心地凝望着我。此处前后形成让步关系，空格处引导让步状语从句，应用though ＂尽管＂，所以选A。
16.C 【解析】考查副词。根据他在运动场上的表现可知，他之所以那样做是因为祖国在身后全身心地凝望着他，所以选C。wildly＂失控地，非常＂，curiously＂好奇地＂，devotedly＂全心全意地＂，excitedly＂兴奋地＂。
17.B 【解析】考查形容词。根据前文中的＂Tears poured from Greenspan’s eyes＂可知，此处表示他就用镜头将奥运史上这最动人的一幕传递到世界的每个角落，所以选B。
18.B 【解析】考查动词。根据本文的主旨可知，此处表示人生应该拥有登临峰顶的梦想，所以选B。climb＂攀登＂；reach＂到达，抵达＂；seize＂抓住＂；explore＂探索＂。
19.D 【解析】考查形容词。根据前文中的＂yet we should understand not everybody has the ability to do it＂(但我们应该懂得不是每个人都有到达峰顶的能力)可知此处指最重要的不是我们是否能到达峰顶而是我们是否做出了努力，所以选D。impressive＂令人赞叹的＂，remarkable＂显著的＂，obvious＂显然的＂，important＂重要的＂。
20.A 【解析】考查名词。最重要的不是我们能否到达峰顶，而是是否尽到了最大努力——到达心中的目标便是一种成功，所以选A。
IV.短文改错 (每小题1分，共20分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
A
Since 1977, I have spent much time abroad than in the United States. I like going to different place, eating various foods and experiencing local cultures. When you go to a new country, if you can speak a language, it’s easier to get to know the country and it’s people. If I had the time and money, I will live for a year as many countries as possible. Beyond my career, my facility for languages have given me a few rarely opportunities. Once, just after I returned back from Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at the Olympic Games and learn a lot about the sport.
【参考答案】
Since 1977, I have spent （much） time abroad than in the United States. I like going to different , eating various foods and experiencing local cultures. When you go to a new country, if you can speak language, it’s easier to get to know the country and people. If I had the time and money, I live for a year as many countries as possible. Beyond my career, my facility for languages given me a few opportunities. Once, just after I returned from Vienna, I was asked to translate for a German judge at the Olympic Games and a lot about the sport.
【文章大意】当你身处异地时，会说当地人的语言对于了解当地的风土人情有很大的帮助。
【答案解析】
第三处：考查冠词。结合上下文语境可知，此处指的是你去的那个国家的语言，因此应该用定冠词the，表示特指。
第四处：考查代词。联系上文可知，此处指那个国家的人们，故用its＂它的＂。
第八处：考查形容词。修饰名词应该用形容词。rare＂珍贵的＂。
第九处：考查副词。return和back语义重复，因此去掉back。
第十处：考查动词时态。分析句子结构可知，learn应该和was asked并列作谓语，而非和translate并列，因此此处把learn改为learned。
B
Last summer vacation my parents and I went to the West Lake. It lies in the city of Hangzhou, which attract hundreds of travelers at home and at abroad. We arrived there at about ten o’clock. My parents and I walked along the West Lake, enjoying the green trees and beautiful flowers grow on the banks. I have never seen a lake beautiful than this before. In the afternoon, we were shown around a lake. We took many pictures here and bought some post cards to my friends. We really had a great time. The West Lake was too beautiful that we hated to leave. I’d like to go there again some days.
【参考答案】
Last summer vacation my parents and I went to the West Lake. It lies in the city of Hangzhou, which hundreds of travelers at home and abroad. We arrived there at about ten o’clock. My parents and I walked along the West Lake, enjoying the green trees and beautiful flowers on the banks. I never seen a lake beautiful than this before. In the afternoon, we were shown around lake. We took many pictures and bought some post cards to my friends. We really had a great time. The West Lake was beautiful that we hated to leave. I’d like to go there again some .
【答案解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了我和父母去年暑假游西湖的经历。
第四处：考查时态。此处指的是在那次游西湖之前从来没有见过比西湖更漂亮的湖泊，因此用过去完成时。
第五处：考查形容词比较级的用法。根据下文的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级。beautiful为多音节词，其比较级是在其前加more。此处＂否定词+比较级＂相当于最高级。
第六处：考查冠词。此处指的是西湖，表特指，故应用定冠词the。
第七处：考查副词。本文回忆过去发生在西湖的事情，因此用there。
第八处：考查介词。buy sb. sth.=buy sth. for sb.＂为某人买某物＂。
第九处：考查固定句式。so...that...＂如此……以至于……＂，为固定搭配。此处表示西湖是如此漂亮，以至于我们不想离开。
第十处：考查名词单复数。此处表示有朝一日，我想再去一次那里。some day=one day＂有朝一日＂。