anyhow，signal
高考频度：★★☆☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. Susan advised me not to buy the vase, but I bought it ___________.
A. anyhow B. however C. though D. totally
【参考答案】A
【拓展延伸】
anyhow adv. 无论如何；即使如此(=anyway)
somehow adv. 以某种方式；不知怎么地
somewhat adv. 有点；有几分
2. In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a ___________ for everyone to stand up.
A. signal B. chance C. mark D. measure
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】句意：在我们班，铃声响起，老师合上课本，这就是大家起立的信号。signal信号，符合题意。chance机会，运气；mark分数，痕迹；measure测量，措施，办法，尺寸。
【拓展延伸】
signal
(1)vi. & vt. 发信号；发暗号；示意。常见搭配：
signal (sb.) that示意……
signal (to) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal to sb. 向某人示意
(2) n. 信号；暗号；指示灯。常见搭配：
a danger/warning (stop) signal危险/警告(停车)信号
traffic signals 交通信号灯
【易混辨析】signal/mark/sign/symbol
signal
指为某一目的而有意发出的信号。
mark
普通用词，含义广泛。指在其他事物上留下的清晰可见的印痕(也可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记)或先天固有的标志。
sign
普通用词，指人们公认的事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆。
symbol
指象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。
1. 用anyhow, somehow和somewhat填空
①___________, I must finish this job today.
???? 无论如何，我今天要完成这项工作。
②We must find money for the rent?___________.
??? 不管怎么样，我们必须找到租金。
③I am??___________??tired of this book.
我对这本书有点厌烦。
④It may rain, but I shall go out anyhow_________.
也许会下雨，但无论如何我要出去。
2. 选词填空(signal/mark/sign/symbol)
①The snow showed no _________ of melting.
②A red light is a _________ of danger, which is even known to a five-year-old child.
③In the picture the tree is the _________ of life and the snake is the symbol of evil.
④The years have set their _________ on his brow(额头).
3. I’m not sure what will happen during the trip. ___________, I will try all possible means to get there.
A. Even though B. If so C. Anyhow D. Instead
4. A study shows that walking fast in your old age is a ___________ that you will live a long life.
A. sign? B. mark? C. symbol? D. signal
1. ?①Anyhow???? ②somehow
?③Somewhat ④anyhow
2. ①sign ②signal
③symbol ④mark
4. A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：一项研究表明你在老年时走得快是你会长寿的标志。 sign 迹象，标志；mark 记号；symbol 象征；signal 信号。
“无论如何”你知道“信号”怎么说吗？
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
give away，arise
重要程度：★★☆☆☆ 难易程度：★★★☆☆
1. If?a?person?has?not?had?enough?sleep,?his?actions?will?give?him?__________?during?the?day.
A.?away???????????? B.?up??????? ? C.?in?????????? D.?back
【参考答案】A
【拓展延伸】
give away捐赠；分发；泄露；丧失，错失
give back归还，送回
give off发出，放出
give in 屈服，让步；上交
give out分发，散发；用光，用尽
give up 放弃
2. We should always keep in mind that accidents ____________ from carelessness while driving.
A. arise B. arouse C. begin D. rise
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】句意：我们应该记住，开车时事故是因为粗心而发生的。arise发生，出现；arouse唤起，激起；begin开始；rise上涨，上升。
【拓展延伸】
arise vi. 出现；发生；产生
rise from/out of 由……而引起，由……而产生；从……中产生
【易混辨析】
原形
意义
用法
过去式
过去分词
arise
出现，发生
常用于事物或问题的出现
arose
arisen
rise
上升，升起
主语自身移向更高的位置
rose
risen
raise
举起，抬高
主语的动作作用于其他事物，也可表示抽象意义，如提高觉悟等
raised
raised
arouse
唤醒，激起
常指引起注意，使觉醒或唤起某种感情
aroused
arousing
【巧学妙记】图记arise, rise, raise：
1. 用适当的介词或副词填空
①Please give my pen __________. I need it now.
②The gas gave __________ an unpleasant smell.
③He has given __________ smoking.
④Tom always gave __________ to his big brother.
⑤The coal began to give __________.
2. 翻译句子
①他把大部分钱都捐赠给慈善事业。(give?away)
_______________________________________________________________________________
②别相信他，他一定会泄露你的秘密。(give?away)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. (2017·江苏) Working with the medical team in Africa has ____________ the best in her as a doctor.
A. held out B. brought out
C. picked out D. given out
4. During the war there was a serious lack of food. It was not unusual that even the wealthy families had to ___________ bread for days.
A.?eat?up????????????????? B.?give?away
C.?do?without????????? D.?deal?with
5. 用arise, arouse, rise与raise填空
①The sun __________ in the east and sets in the west.
②I saw tears___________ from her eyes.
③Now the standard of living is __________ rapidly.
④This book __________ my interest in politics.
⑤The speech made by Yu Dan__________ great attention.
⑥New difficulty will _________ from such situation.
⑦I was tired of the quarrel ___________between them.
⑧After the earthquake many volunteers ___________money for people in great need.
⑨My spirits__________ when I heard the good news.
1. ①back ②off
③up ④in
⑤out
2. ①He gave away most of his money to charity.
②Don’t trust him and he is sure to give away your secret.
4. C 【解析】eat?up吃光；give?away泄露，表露，分发，赠送；do?without不用或没有某人/某事也行；deal?with处理，对待，应付。句意：战争期间，粮食严重匮乏，甚至富有的家庭几天不吃面包也是很正常的。依据句意理解，选项C符合题意。
5. ①rises ②rising
③raised ④aroused
⑤aroused????? ⑥arise
⑦arising??? ⑧raised
⑨rose
give短语归纳：
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
in a way，after all
重要程度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. —I really think he is an excellent actor.
—I agree with you ____________.
A. in a way B. on the way C. by the way D. in the way
【参考答案】A
【拓展延伸】
常见way短语：
in a way在某种程度上，从某一角度看
all the way一直，总是
by the way顺便说
in no way一点也不；决不
in the way挡道；碍事
No way! 别想! /没门!
in this way以这种方法
on the way在途中
2. (2017·江苏改编) ________________(毕竟), if we adapt in that way, we may avoid the need to change in so many others.
【参考答案】After all
【试题解析】此处表示＂毕竟＂，应用after all。注意位于句首应该首字母大写。
【拓展延伸】
after all毕竟；终究
all in all总的来说；大体而言
in all 总共，合计
at all 根本；丝毫(常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句)
first of all 首先(强调次序)
above all首先，尤其是，最重要的是(强调诸多事物中最重要的)
1. 用way的相关短语填空
①Although he thought he was helping us prepare dinner, he was only _________.
②He stayed __________at home during the winter holidays.
③_________can theory be separated from practice.
2. 用all短语填空
①Why shouldn’t she eat the cake? _________, she made it.
②There are 100 people _________.
③Never waste anything, and _________never waste time.
④_________, it was a great success.
3. Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always _________ whenever she tries to.
A. in the way B. on watch
C. in sight D. on the line
4. (2017·天津)We offer an excellent education to our students. ___________, we expect students to work hard.
A. On average B. At best C. In return D. After all
1. ①in the way
②all the way
③In no way
2. ①After all
②in all
③above all
④All in all
4. C 【解析】句意：我们给我们的学生提供极好的教育，作为回报，我们期待我们的学生努力学习。A. 平均起来，一般说来；B. 最多，充其量；C. 作为回报；D. 毕竟，终究。根据句意故选C。
way及all短语归纳：
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
make复合结构
重要程度：★★☆☆☆ 难易程度：★★★★☆
The?terrible?smell?makes?people?_____________.??
A. terribly???? B.??sinkness???? C.?being sick??? D. sick?
【参考答案】D
【拓展延伸】
make用作使役动词表示＂使；使成为＂时，可跟复合结构，即＂make+宾语+宾语补足语＂，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。
1. ＂make＋宾语＋n.＂ 意为＂使、让某人/某物(成为)……＂。
?We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他作我们足球队队长。
?We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。
2. ＂make＋宾语＋adj.＂ 意为＂使某人/某事(变得) ……＂。
?The news that our team had won made us very happy. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。
?We must make the rivers clean. 我们必须净化河水。
3. ＂make＋宾语＋do sth.（不带to的不定式）＂意为＂使某人做某事＂。
?What makes the grass grow? 什么东西使得草生长？
?Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信了。
4. ＂make＋宾语＋v-ed（过去分词作宾补）＂这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为＂使某人/某事被……＂。
?The strange noise made us frightened. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。
?The good news made us excited. 这个好消息使我们兴奋。
【名师点睛】
1. have, make, let等使役动词和see, hear, listen to, look at, watch, notice, observe 等感官动词都可接不带to的不定式作宾补。help后可带to，也可不带to。
?Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。
?Did you see him go out? 你看见他出去了吗？
?I often help my mother (to) do some housework. 我经常帮助妈妈做些家务。
2. 常接v-ing形式作宾语补足语的动词有：see, watch, hear, observe, notice, feel, find等感官动词和look at, listen to等短语动词以及have, keep, get, make等使役动词。
?I saw him playing games when I passed his room. 经过他的房间时，我看到他正在玩游戏。
?Don’t have Lily waiting for you at the gate. 别让莉丽一直在门口等你。
改错
1. The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself understand.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
2. —What a nice fire you have in your fireplace!
???—During the winter it makes my house warmly and comfortable.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
3. She looked around and caught a man put his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
4. With a lot of difficult problems settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
5. I really don’t know what to do if you always keep your eyes fixing upon me.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
1. understand→understood 【解析】句意：发言人提高了声音，但是仍然无法让别人理解他的意思。在make复合结构中，himself与understand之间是被动关系，所以作宾补的动词要用过去分词，即：make oneself＋v-ed（heard, known, understood）。
4. settle前加to 【解析】句意：由于有许多难题要解决，这个新当选的总统过得很辛苦。此处表示要做，因此用不定式作定语。
5. fixing→fixed 【解析】句意：如果你一直盯着我看，我真的不知道要做什么了。eyes与fix之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。
知识总结：
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
周末培优
重要程度：★★☆☆☆ 难易程度：★★★☆☆
随着时间的流逝，手机被做得更智能(smart)。
___________________________________________________________________________________
【特别注意】
1. 当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。
?I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。
?The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
2. 在被动语态中，make复合结构中省略的动词不定式符号to要还原。
?The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
?Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk. 我每天不得不吃一个鸡蛋，喝一些牛奶。
3. 现在分词作宾补和不带to的不定式作宾补的区别是：现在分词一般表示动作正在进行，而不带 to 的不定式则一般表示动作已经完成。
?I saw him putting his hand into his pocket. 我看到他一直把手放进口袋里。(动作正在进行) (动作正在进行)
?I saw him put his hand into his pocket. 我看到他把手放进口袋里了。(动作已经完成)
4. 通常情况下，make后的宾语是反身代词时，作宾补的动词要用过去分词，即：make oneself＋v-ed （heard, known, understood）。
?He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。
但有时，根据句子意思也可用其他形式。
?The little child stood on the chair to make himself look taller. 那个小孩儿站在椅子上，使他看上去更高些。
?Rock singers, on the other hand, make music their life. 摇滚乐歌手，另一方面，把音乐当作他们的生命。
5. 职务名词充当宾补时其前面不加冠词。
6. 不存在make sb./sth. doing sth. 结构。
1. 完成句子
①他的懒惰使他不可能成功。
His?laziness?makes?________?impossible?for?him?to?achieve?success.?
②这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活儿。
The?boy?________?________?________?________??twelve?hours?a?day.?
2. 单句改错
①Don’t leave the water run while you brush your teeth.
②He pushed the door opening.
3. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them __________ in his lectures.
A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest
4. My parents have always made me __________ about myself, even when I was twelve.
A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good
1. ①?it?????????????? ②was?made?to?work
2. ①run→running ②opening→open
4. D 【解析】make后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。feel是系动词，后接形容词作表语。
每周一测
I. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Personal computers and Internet give people new choices about how to spend their time.
Some may use this freedom to share less time with certain friends or family members, but the new technology will also let them stay in closer touch with those they care most about. I know this from personal experience.
E-mail makes it easy to work at home, which is where I now spend most weekends and evenings. My working hours aren’t necessarily much shorter than they once were but I spend fewer of them at the office. This lets me share more time with my young daughter than I might have if she’d been born before e-mail became such a practical tool.
The Internet also makes it easy to share thoughts with a group of friends. Say you do something fun—see a great movie perhaps and there are four or five friends who might want to hear about it. If you call each one, you may be tired of telling the story.
With e-mail, you just write one note about your experience, at your convenience, and address it to all the friends you think might be interested. They can read your message when they have time, and read only as they want to. They can reply at their convenience, and you can read what they have to say at your convenience.
E-mail is also an inexpensive way to stay in close touch with people who live far away. More than a few parents use e-mail to keep in touch, even daily touch, with their children at college.
We just have to keep in mind that computers and the Internet offer another way of staying in touch. They don’t take the place of any of the ways.
1. The purpose of this passage is to ____________.
A. explain how to use the Internet
B. describe the writer’s joy of keeping up with the latest technology
C. tell the value and usefulness of the Internet
D. introduce the reader to basic knowledge about personal computers and the Internet
2. The use of e-mail has made it possible for the writer to ____________.
A. spend less time working
B. have more free time with his child
C. work at home on weekends
D. spend more time at the office
3. According to the writer, e-mail has an obvious advantage over the telephone because the former helps one ____________.
A. reach a group of people at one time conveniently
B. keep one’s communication as personal as possible
C. pass on much more information than the latter
D. get in touch with one’s friends faster than the latter
4. The best title for this passage is ____________.
A. Computer: new technological advances
B. Internet: a new tool to maintain good friendship
C. Computers have made life easier
D. Internet: a convenient tool for communication
5. According to the passage, which of the following is WRONG?
A. Now the writer spends less time at the office.
B. You should read or reply your messages at regular time.
C. E-mail helps people far away from each other keep in close touch.
D. Some people spend less time with their family because of the Internet.
B
There are many famous museums throughout the world where people can enjoy art. Washington D.C. has the National Gallery of Art (美术馆); Paris has the Louvre; London, the British Museum. Florida International University (FIU) in Miami also shows art for people to see. And it does so without a building, or even a wall for its drawings and paintings.
FIU has opened what it says is the first computer art museum in the United States. You don’t have to visit the University to see the art. You just need a computer linked to a telephone.
You can call the telephone number of a University computer and connect your own computer to it. All of the art is stored in the school computer. It is computer art, produced electronically (采用电子手段) by artists in their own computers. In only a few minutes, your computer can receive and copy all the pictures and drawings.
Robert Shostak is director of the new computer museum. He says he started the museum because computer artists had no place to show their work.
A computer artist could only record his pictures electronically and send the records, or floppy discs (软盘), to others to see on their computers. He could also put his pictures on paper. But to print good pictures in paper, the computer artist needed an expensive laser(激光) printer.
Robert Shostak says the electronic museum is mostly for art or computer students at schools and universities. Many of the pictures in the museum are made by students. Mr Shostak says the FIU museum will make computer art more fun for computer artists because more people can see it. He says artists will enjoy their work much more if they have an audience. And the great number of home computers in America could mean a huge audience for the electronic museum.
6. The main purpose of this text is to give information about____________.
A. famous museums through the world
B. a computer art museum in Miami, U.S.A.
C. art exhibitions in Florida International University
D. latest development in computer art
7. To see the art in FIU museum, your special needs include___________.
A. floppy discs
B. a computer and a printer
C. pictures and drawings on paper
D. a computer connected to the museum by telephone line
8. What are stored in this museum?
A. Paintings drawn by means of computer.
B. Different styles of paintings.
C. Drawings done by art students of FIU.
9. The museum was started when____________.
A. Robert Shostak wanted to do something for computer scientists
B. Robert Shostak wanted to help computer artists
C. art students needed a place to show their works
D. computer scientists wanted to do something about art
II. 七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
We can use laptops to send the e-mails easily throughout the Internet. 1 Here are some suggestions on how to select a laptop:
(1) 2 ?
You are looking for a laptop that meets your needs well. So, if you are frequently traveling to different places, you must buy a laptop that is light and small.
(2)Consider what kind of computer software programs you will be using.
This will help you determine what kind of operating system would be best for you. Choices include getting the Windows operating system on your laptop or getting a Mac notebook.
(3) 3 ?
If you are performing more simple applications such as surfing the Internet and creating Word documents, you don’t need a computer with the most processing power. These lower processing power computers are enough.
(4)Consider how you will be connecting to the Internet.
If you’ll be using an Ethernet cable(以太网电缆) to connect to a home network, you will want a laptop with a wired Ethernet port. 4 ?
(5)Consider the security.
Some notebooks come with additional security features. 5 If you will be multi-tasking and using multiple computer programs at the same time, be sure to get a laptop with a faster processor than normal.
A. Consider the size of the laptop.
B. Consider their price and usages.
C. Consider how you plan on using the laptop.
D. It is possible that all of the users will chose the laptop.
E. It’s possible to require an extra password to go into the operating system.
F. If you plan to connect to the Internet from multiple places, choose a laptop that has Wi-Fi.
G. Laptops have many different sizes so you have to determine what is important to you as a user.
III. 语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many people keep small fish 1 pets. They keep them in a tank of water. The tank is made of glass. People can 2 through it. They can see inside the tank and watch the fish. The fish need room. They mustn’t be crowded. They need 3 to breathe. 4 must be enough water for all fish. So the size of the tank is very important.
In the tank people put small plants 5 are good for fish. They give oxygen to the water. Plants help in other ways, too. They can hide 6 the plants and sleep, lay eggs there. The fish 7 be kept in water all the time. Some can jump high. So the tank should be covered. This keeps the fish from 8 (jump) out.
The fish need food and should be fed every day. But 9 you give them too much food, it is very bad, for the extra food will fall to the bottom and make the water dirty. So the fish should get just enough food and finish ___10___ in ten minutes. Nothing should be left.
IV. 书面表达
假定本周你们班英语课的每日课前演讲的话题是＂What do you think the robot in the future will be like?＂。请你围绕该话题写一篇英语发言稿，谈谈你心中的未来机器人会是什么样子的、具备哪些功能等。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头已给出，不计入总词数；
3. 可以适当发挥想象。
Good morning, everyone! It is my turn to make a speech here today.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I. 阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文主要讲了互联网的使用价值，它可以使我们有更多与家人相处的时间，朋友之间相互分享想法与经历，便于与相距遥远的朋友和亲人之间保持联系。
1. C 【解析】写作意图题。短文第一句是主旨句，接下来几段通过对e-mail的便利的介绍，让我们了解了互联网的用途及其使用价值。
2. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句＂This lets me share more time with my young daughter...＂判断选B。
3. A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段第一句＂The Internet also makes it easy to share thoughts with a group of friends.＂确定正确答案为A。
4. D 【解析】标题选择题。全文主要介绍互联网在通讯中的用途，只有D项最能概括文意。
5. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句＂They can reply at their convenience, and you can read what they have to say at your convenience.＂可知B项错误。
B
【语篇解读】本文讲述了位于迈阿密州的佛罗里达国际大学的电子艺术博物馆的与众不同。
II. 七选五
【语篇解读】本篇文章就如何选择一台适合自己的笔记本电脑提出了几条建议。
1. G 【解析】由空后的＂Here are some...a laptop＂可知，本句起到了引出下文的作用，故选G。
2. A 【解析】根据后文中的＂you must buy a laptop that is light and small＂可知，此部分主要在阐述考虑笔记本电脑尺寸的问题。故选A。
3. C 【解析】根据第3个小标题下的整段内容可知，作者建议根据用途来选择适合自己的笔记本电脑。故选C。
4. F 【解析】本段主要说明根据上网的方式来选择笔记本电脑。上句说明了在家里用以太网上网时如何选择笔记本电脑，下句应指出在其他地方上网时应如何选择。
5. E 【解析】本段指出选择笔记本电脑要考虑安全性，E项符合语境，即＂要进入操作系统，有可能要求输入额外的密码＂。
III. 语法填空
【语篇解读】本文告诉我们如何科学地饲养宠物鱼儿：玻璃缸放养；缸里种小植物；每日适量投食。
5. that/which 在缸里放一些对鱼儿有益的小植物。根据句子意思可知small plants后接定语从句，而定语从句＂…are good for fish.＂缺少主语，故用which/that。
6. among 鱼儿在水中的植物之间活动、躲藏、栖息、产卵等。
7. must/should 鱼儿离不开水。
8. jumping keep…from doing…阻止……做某事。
9. if 分析句子结构可知，此处缺少条件状语从句的引导词，故用if。
10. it 这里指代＂just enough food＂，应用it。
IV. 书面表达
Good morning, everyone! It is my turn to make a speech here today.
As we all know, with the development of science and technology, new types of robots will be invented. They can finish many difficult tasks that can’t be done by us today. The robots will turn out to be quite smart. In appearance, I think the robots may look more like a real human being than a machine. They can not only do all kinds of housework but also communicate with us in any language we speak. They understand how we are feeling. So they can tell some funny stories to make us laugh if we are sad.
That’s all. Thank you!
状语从句的省略
重要程度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★★★☆
(2015?北京)If __________ (accept) for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
【参考答案】accepted
【拓展延伸】
1. 在状语从句中，若从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，为了使句子简洁，可省略从句中的主语和be动词。
?Though (they were) tired, they went on working. 虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。
?You shouldn’t come to his party unless(you were) invited. 除非你被邀请，否则你不应该来参加他的宴会。
2. 若从句的主语是it，且从句中含有be动词时，为了使句子简洁，可省略从句中的it和be动词。
?If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 如果可能的话，他会帮你摆脱困境。
?You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you. 除非情况对你来说不方便，否则你必须出席这次会议。
3. 省略后从句的成分：
(1)连词+形容词
?As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike. 他小时候就学会了骑自行车。
?Work hard when (you are) young, or you’ll regret. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
(2)连词+名词
?Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director. 尽管他曾是个农民，但现在他是位著名的导演了。
(3)连词+现在分词
?Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks. 尽管近来他一直在学数学，但他仍然没有取得好成绩。
(4)连词+过去分词
?He won’t go there with us unless (he is) invited. 除非受到邀请，否则他不会和我们一起去那里。
(5)连词+不定式
?He wouldn’t solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge. 即使他来负责，他也解决不了这个问题。
(6)连词+介词短语
?He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA. 他到美国之前就懂英语了。
【特别提醒】
当从句主语和主句主语不一致时，从句部分要么用完全形式，要么用独立主格结构来表达。
?When the meeting was over(=The meeting over), all the people went out of the meeting room. 当会议结束时，人们都走出了会议室。
【名师点睛】
适用状语从句：
1. 时间状语从句：when, while, as, before, after, until / till
2. 条件状语从句：if, unless, once
3. 让步状语从句：though, although, even if/though, as
4. 地点状语从句：where
5. 比较状语从句：as, than
6. 方式状语从句：as, as if/though
1. Mary is so quiet a girl that she seldom speaks in public places unless __________ to.
A. is spoken B. is speaking C. speaking D. spoken
2. The research is so designed that once ___________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
3. 补全省略的成分
①Whenever _____________________ free, she often goes shopping.
她有空就去逛商店。
②While _____________________a young boy, he was always ready to help others.
他在童年时代就乐于助人。
③As _____________________ walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.
她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。
④The concert was a great success than _____________________ expected.
这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。
⑤He stood up as if _____________________ to say something.
当时他站起来好像要说什么。
⑥She looked anxious as though _____________________ in trouble.
她看上去很焦急，好像遇到了麻烦。
2. D 【解析】从该句可以看出，＂... once begun...＂是一个不完整的状语从句，该状语从句中省略了it is，如要表达完整，则为... once it is begun nothing can be done to change it。
3. ①she is ②he was
③she was ④it was
⑤he were ⑥she was
状语从句的省略条件及省略后的成分：
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
