exchange 和 load
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. I have offered to paint the house a week’s accommodation(食宿).
A.with regard to B.in exchange for
C.by means of D.in place of
【参考答案】B
【归纳拓展】
exchange n. 交换；交流；互换 vt.& vi. 调换；交换
in exchange for 作为对……的交换
have/make an exchange of... 交换……
exchange A for B 把A兑换成B
exchange sth with sb 与某人交流/交换某物
?I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager.
我与经理握手，相互交谈了几句。
?I have offered to paint the house in exchange for a week’s accommodation.
我主动粉刷房子来交换一周的住宿。
?I’d like to exchange some pounds for dollars.
我想把一些英镑兑换成美金。
2. Extra warmth from sunlight can put an additional ________on the air-conditioning system.
A. weight B. anxiety C. load D. tiredness
【参考答案】C
【归纳拓展】
①take a load off one's mind 打消某人的顾虑
loads of(＝lots of) 很多的
②load sth./sb.with sth. 用……装载……/使某人负担……
load sth.into/onto sb./sth. 把……装入(到)……/使某人负担……
load up 装载货物
?Knowing that they had arrived safely took a load off my mind.
得知他们平安到达后我如释重负。
?She thought she would not be able to bear the load of bringing up her family
alone.她认为她无法独自一人担负起养家的重任。
?Standing on the bank，the children watched the ship loaded with all kinds of
goods.孩子们站在岸边看着满载各种货物的轮船。
1. Independent study is not intended as a(n) ________ for reducing course-scheduling difficulties but as a means
for exploring in greater depth academic subject matter.
A. exchange B. device
C. suggestion D. reason
2. Recent pressure at work may his abnormal behavior.
A. push for B. exchange for
C. account for D. head for
3. Just accept the disabled for who they are, and give them ________ to live as rich and full a life as you do.
A. earphone B. encouragement
C. equipment D. exchange
4. To the readers' disappointment, the leading article in this issue of the magazine is __________ rubbish.
A. a load of B. a great many
C. many a D. a number of
1. B【解析】device n. 策略。该句意为“独立研究并不是作为一种来减少课程管理困难的策略，而是作为一 种探索更深入的学术课题的方法。”选B。
4. A【解析】句意:这期杂志上的主要文章废话连篇，使读者大失所望。a load of可以修饰可数名词也可修饰 不可数名词。其他选项只能修饰可数名词。
likely
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. Tom was to miss the early bus because he got up late.
A. possible B. probable C. likely D. maybe
【参考答案】C
2. It is said the young man is_______ to flee to Taiwan because of the campaign against him.
A. possible B. maybe C. probable D. likely
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】考查形容词。句意：据说这个年轻人可能会因为反对他的活动而逃往台湾。Be likely to do sth.是固定搭配，指“有可能做某事”；A、C两项作表语时，主语不为人；maybe是副词，“也许，可能”，“大概”，用法很简单，常用于句子开头，有时后边紧接着加一逗号，与后面的句子分开。表示一种可能性？可能发生某事（可能是这样），或可能不发生某事（可能不是某种情况）。 故选D。
【易混辨析】
likely/possible/probable
likely
表示有充分根据的预测。常用结构：sb./sth.is likely to do sth.；It is likely that...“很有可能……”
possible
表示客观上潜在的可能性。常用结构：
It is possible for sb.to do sth.“某人可能做某事”；It is possible that...“可能……”
probable
表示有几分根据的猜测，比possible的可能性大些。常用结构：It is probable that...“可能……”
1. My father is __________to come to my house for this winter.
A.likely B.possible C.probable D.perfect
2. —Hey, do you have any travel plans for your spring festival vacation?
— _____. Any good ideas?
A.Of course. B.Not really.
C.Not likely. D.It’s cool.
3. Smokers are more __________ to have a heart attack than nonsmokers.
A. likely B. possible
C. probable D. sure
4. He got himself into a bad situation where he was ________to lose the game.
A.likely B.perhaps
C.possible D.probably
5. The girl is _______ to give us some help if asked.
A. possible B. likely
C. probably D. possibly
1. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意为：这个冬天，我的爸爸很有可能来我这里。perfect意为“完美的”， likely、possible、 probable都含有“可能”之意，但作表语时，possible和probable不能用人作主语， 而likely既可以以人作主语也可以以物作主语，故A项正确。
3. A【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. likely可能的；B. possible可能的；C. probable极可能的；D. sure确定的。 句意：吸烟者比不吸烟者更可能会得心脏病。likely可以使用人作主语，possible/probable不能使用人作 主语，sure不符合此处语境。故选A。
5. B【解析】考查形容词。本句使用了sb. be likely to do sth.结构，指“某人很有可能做某事”，likely是形容 词，“可能”的意思。possible 不用于此结构；probably和possibly都是副词。故选B。
进步从总结开始!
try out和let out
高考频度：★★☆☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. They agreed to let me______for a week to see if I was up to the job I had applied for.
A. try out B. look out
C. burst out D. hold out
【参考答案】A
【归纳拓展】
try out 试验，测试
try one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力去做…… try on 试穿
try doing sth 试着做某事 try for sth 试图获得；力争赢得
try out for 参加……的选拔
2. At the meeting, all the employees were required not to________ any important details before it was made public.
A. try out B. make out
C. let out D. break out
【参考答案】C
【试题解析】A. try out尝试；B. make out弄清楚；C. let out 遗漏；D. break out爆发。句意：会议上，所有的员工都要求在公开的时候不要遗漏任何重要的细节。故选C。
【归纳拓展】
let out 发生；放走；泄露；放大
let alone 更不用说，更谈不上 let sb alone 不打扰；不惊动
let go 放开，放手；释放 let down 把……放下来；使……失望
?Close the door；you're letting all the heat out.
关上门，你把暖气都放跑了。
?The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，letting (let) in the natural light during the day.
入口处的玻璃门已取代了木门，在白天好让自然光照进来。
?The boss told us not to let out the plan to the press.
老板叫我们不要把这个计划泄露给新闻界。
1. While he the freshman basketball team in high school, Michael didn’t make it as a member.
A.got into B.adjusted to
C.went through with D.tried out for
2. Roger trained hard for the tournament for months, but unfortunately he had to _______ due to a knee injury.
A. pull out B. work out
C. try out D. give out
3. The novel is so badly written that I can hardly ________what the writer is trying to say.
A. turn out B. make out
C. let out D. try out
4. Don’t ________any detail in your account even if a word.
A. let out B. take care
C. make sure D. make out
5. Jane accidentally ________ where she had hidden her teacher's birthday present, which made her classmates
very annoyed.
A. gave out B. brought out
C. let out D. put out
1. D【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意:虽然Michael在中学时参加了新人篮球队的选拔,但是却没有成为其 中的一员。try out for"参加选拔",符合语境。get into "进入,陷入,染上(坏习惯)" ;adjust to"适应,习惯";go though with"完成"。
3. B 【解析】句意为：“这部小说写的如此糟糕以至于我都能不清作者到底想说什么。”make out “理解， 能清楚”符合题意。turn out“结果是……；结果证明”;let out“泄露；放出”；try out“实验，考验”。
4. A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。let out发出，泄露；take care当心，小心；make sure确信，确保；make out 把……弄清楚。不要让您的帐户中的任何细节泄密，即使一个单词。故选A.
5. C【解析】句意：突然，Jane泄露了她隐藏她的老师生日礼物的地方，这让她的同班同学感到很厌烦。A. gave out发出；B. brought out取出；C. let out说出，泄露；D. put out扑灭。根据题意可知选C项。
wh-ever的用法
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1.（2017·北京）Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.
A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever
【参考答案】B
【试题解析】句意：每年，任何一个做出最漂亮的风筝的人将会在风筝节获奖。_____ makes the most beautiful kite是主语从句，根据意思可知答案。
2. —What’s the matter with Mary?
—She becomes very nervous it comes to performing on the stage.
A. whenever B. whatever C. whoever D. wherever
【参考答案】A
【归纳拓展】
wh-ever类连词的用法归纳：
①what/who/which/when/where/how＋ever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论什么/谁/哪个/何时/何地/怎样……都……”相当于no matter what/who/which/ when/where/how。
②what/who/which＋ever除引导让步状语从句外，还可以引导主语从句或宾语从句，相当于anything that，anybody who等，此时不能与no matter what/who/ which互换。
?Whenever(＝No matter when)he wants to dance，he will go there.
无论何时他想跳舞，他都会去那里。
?Whoever you are(＝No matter who you are)，you must obey the rules.
无论你是谁，你都要遵守规则。(让步状语从句)
?Whoever(＝Anybody who)did the job must be rewarded.
无论谁干了这份工作一定要得到酬谢。(主语从句)
?We are determined to fulfil the task，whatever happens.
不管发生什么事，我们决心完成任务。
1. With the development of modern electrical engineering, we can send power to ________it is needed.
A.whenever B.whatever
C.whichever D.wherever
2. The geography experts are desperate to find is of use to help calm down the citizens because of the
earthquake the other day.
A.whenever B.whichever
C.whomever D.whatever
3. My sister will be able to live more tolerantly than others she ends up doing after graduation.
A.whenever B.wherever
C.whatever D.however
4. Environmentalists are very worried that power stations will be built water resources are plentiful.
A.wherever B.whatever
C.whenever D.however
5. the reason, research shows that in the end, the English saying, `Laughter is the best medicine', may
be true after all.
A.Whichever B.However
C.Whatever D.Whenever
6. thirsty I am, I never seem to be able to finish the large bottle of Cola placed before me.
A.Whatever B.Whenever
C.Wherever D.However
7. ________ is willing to volunteer in the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics is welcome to join us.
A.Whatever B.Whoever
C.Whenever D.Wherever
1. D【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:随着现代电机工程的发展,我们能把电力输送到需要电力的任何地方。 空处位于介词to之后,引导宾语从句,结合句意可知,应选wherever。
3. C【解析】考查状语从句。句意:无论毕业后做什么,我姐姐都会比其他人对生活更具忍耐力。分析句子结 构可知,空处在此引导让步状语从句,且在从句中作doing的宾语,表示"无论什么",故用whatever。
4. A【解析】考查状语从句。句意:环境保护论者非常担忧发电站会建在任何水资源丰富的地方。分析句子 结构可知,空处在此引导状语从句,表示"无论哪里",故用wherever。
5. C【解析】考查状语从句。句意：无论原因是什么，研究表明最终英语谚语“笑声是最好的良药”或许是 真的。A. Whichever“无论哪一个”（从句中作主语、宾语或定语）；B. However“无论怎样”（从句中作 状语）；C. Whatever“无论什么”（在从句中作主语、宾语或者定语）；D. Whenever“无论什么时候”（从 句中作状语）。故选C。
6. D【解析】考查状语从句。句意：无论我有多饿，我也喝不完放在我面前的这一大瓶可乐。A. Whatever 无论什么；B. Whenever无论什么时候；C. Wherever无论哪里；D. However无论怎样。however是副词， 修饰形容词或者副词。根据语境，故选D。
7. B【解析】考查连词。句意：有谁愿意参加2022北京冬奥会的志愿者工作，欢迎加入我们。本句运用了 主语从句，连词在从句中作主语，指人。whatever指事物；whenever和wherever具有副词性质，不能 作主语。故选B。
贵有恒何必三更眠五更起，最无益只怕一日曝十日寒。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
周末培优
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1.（2017·北京）If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have happened.
A. had been put B. were put
C. should be put D. would be put
【参考答案】A
2. It was ordered that no smoking ___________ in the library.
A. be allowed B. would be allowed
C. was allowed D. has been allowed
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】order作＂命令＂讲时，后面所接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气，形式为＂should+动词原形＂，其中should可省略。
【名师点睛】
在与表示＂请求、建议、命令、要求＂等意义的词相关的主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语部分为＂should+动词原形＂，should可以省略。
? It is suggested that he (should) not spend too much time watching TV.
建议他不要花太多时间看电视。
3. The situation is so urgent that we must __________ an effective way to solve the problem right now.
A. let out B. pick out
C. figure out D. put out
【参考答案】C
【试题解析】考查动词辨析。句意：形势如此紧急，我们必须找出一个有效的办法来解决这个问题。let out放出; 释放; 发出； pick out挑选; 取出；figure out想出; 解决; 计算出; 弄明白；put out扑灭，伸出，生产同，出版。
【归纳拓展】
常考的out短语总结：
bring out 说明，阐明；出版 come out 出来，出版，发行
go out熄灭，过时 keep…out 使……不入内
look out查出，找出 pick out挑选; 取出
figure out想出; 解决；计算出; 弄明白 work out 锻炼,算出
1. —Oh, my God. It seems that something is wrong with the engine.
—I hope it can until we get to the next garage.
A.work out B.stand out
C.hold out D.set out
2. He is more _____ to stay here for another three weeks.
A.possible B.likely C.probable D.probably
3. In his first class, the Chinese teacher tried to ________ to the students that reading is one of life’s greatest
pleasures.
A. convey B. educate C. load D. convince
4. Don't have any________ against women. They can do as well as men.
A. prejudice B. exchange C. effect D. load
5. Chinese _____ nearly one-third of the 7,300 international high school students studying in the US in
2013,according to a recent report.
A. let out B. adapted to
C. accounted for D. took up
6. I’d rather you by train, because I can’t bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.
A. would go B. should go
C. went D. had gone
7. If it weren’t for the heavy traffic, we the Jay’s concert at the moment.
A. can be enjoying B. must have enjoyed
C. would be enjoying D. should have enjoyed
8. But for my English teacher’s help, I first place in the English Speaking Competition.
A. would win B. would have won
C. would not win D. would not have won
9. His pale face suggested that he well and I suggested he a rest.
A. didn’t feel; had B. wasn’t feeling; have
C. not feel; have D. hadn’t felt; should have
1. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。——噢,我的天哪。引擎似乎出问题了。——我希望它能坚持到我们到达下 一个修理厂。work out"锻炼,算出";stand out"显眼,突出";hold out"坚持";set out"出发,开始工作"。
3. A【解析】A. convey传达；B. educate教育；C. load负载，负荷；D. convince使确信。句意：在他的第一 堂课中，语文老师努力想传达给学生，读书是一生中最大的快乐。convey to向……传达，故选A。
4. A【解析】prejudice"偏见；成见"。effect"结果； 效力"；load"负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)"； exchange" 交换；交流，互换"。句意：不要对妇女有偏见，她们和男同志干得一样好。
5. C【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：根据最新的一则报告得知：2013年在美国上学的7300名外国高中 生中，中国学生占了近三分之一。A. let out释放，发出释放，发出；B. adapted to适应，改编；C. accounted for占比例，解释……的原因；D. took up拿起，占据时间、空间；根据语境判断，C选项正确。
6. C【解析】考查虚拟语气。在would rather后的宾语从句中,从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时来表示现在或 将来要做的事情,故选C。?
7. C【解析】考查虚拟语气。if条件句中的虚拟若是对现在状况的虚拟,条件句中的谓语动词用一般过去时,be 动词用were,而主句用"should/would/could/might+do",同时根据"at the moment"可知,此处是对正在进行的 状态的虚拟,故选C项。?
每周一测
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Mark felt that it was time for him, to take part in his community, so he went to the neighborhood meeting after work. The area’s city councilwoman (女议员) was leading a discussion about how the quality of life was decreasing. The neighborhood faced many problems.
Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There are charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in vacant buildings. People were supposed to suggest solutions to the councilwoman.
It was too much for Mark. “The problems are too big,” he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I could do would make a difference here.”
Mark thought some more on his way to the bus stop. “People should just take care of themselves,” he decided. “That’s enough to do. I can’t take on all the problems of the world.”
As he neared the bus stop, Mark saw a woman carrying a grocery bag and a baby. She was trying to unlock her car, but she didn’t have a free hand. As Mark got closer, her other child, a little boy, suddenly darted into the street. The woman tried to reach for him, but as she moved, her bag shifted and the groceries started to fall out. Mark ran to take the boy’s arm and led him back to his mother. Then he picked up the groceries while the woman smiled in relief. ‘‘Thanks!” she said. “You’ve got great timing!”
“Just being neighborly,” Mark said. As he rode home, he glanced at the walls of the bus. On one of them was “Small acts of kindness add up.” Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe that’s a good place to start.”
1. It is known from the passage that .
A. Mark played an active part in community activities
B. the city councilwoman was responsible for the falling of life quality
C. visual aids were used to display the seriousness of problems
D. many people were discouraged by the many problems facing them
2. In Mark’s opinion, .
A. nobody was so able as to solve the problems
B. he was not in the position to solve such problems
C. many people were too selfish to think about others
D. he already had more than enough work to do
3. What is the implication of the Words on the bus wall?
A. You should be kind to your neighbors and they will treat you the same way.
B. Everyone can play his own part to make things better.
C. All small acts will add up to kindness.
D. It’s a small act to help a person in need.
4. The passage is mainly about .
A. how individuals can help make a difference
B. running a neighborhood meeting to solve its problems
C. citizens’ reactions to the problems they face
D. solving problems through group action
B
Have you ever wondered why people drive on a different side of the road? It might seem bizarre that U. K. Drivers stay on the left, but they’re not the only ones. Around 35 percent of the world population do the same, including people in Ireland, Japan, and some Caribbean islands.
Originally, almost everybody traveled on the left side of the road. However their way of transport was quite different from today: Think about four legs instead of four wheels. For Medieval swordsmen on horseback, it made sense to keep to the left to have their right arms closer to their enemies. Getting on or off was also easier from the left side of the horse, and safer done by the side of the road than in the center.
So why did people stop traveling on the left? Things changed in the late 1700s when large wagons (货车) pulled by several pairs of horses were used to transport farm products in France and the United States. The wagon driver sat behind the left horse, with his right arm free to use his whip to keep the horses moving. Since he was sitting on the left position, he wanted other wagons to pass on his left, so he kept to the right side of the road.
The British Government refused to give up their left-hand driving ways, and in 1773 introduced the General Highways Act, which encouraged driving on the left. This was later made law thanks to The Highway Act of 1835.
When Henry Ford showed his Model T in 1908, the driver’s seat was on the left, meaning that cars would have to drive on the right hand side of the road to allow front and back passengers to exit the car onto the roadside. However, British drivers remain on the left, and this is highly unlikely to change.
5. What does the underlined word “bizarre” in Paragraph 1 mean?
A. Funny. B. Strange. C. Wrong. D. Difficult
6. Why did people riding the horse travel on the left in history?
A. It was safer to keep on the left
B. It was easier to carry goods.
C. It was easier for them to fight
D. It was necessary to control the horse.
7. What made drivers of large wagons travel on the right?
A. Their sitting position.
B. The road conditions.
C. The number of horses.
D. The products in the wagons.
8. Which of the following may be the best title for the text?
A. UK Drivers Still Go On The Left
B. Why People Like Sitting On The Left Side
C. The History Of Transportation Means
D. The Reasons For Different Driving Sides
Ⅱ. 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I learned my first lesson at a meeting. As we sat around the table I heard Meg, who was 1 a recent operation, talking to Judith, the manager of our project. “Thank you so much for 2 my daughters to their dance lessons last week.” “Don’t mention it,” Judith says, “It was nothing.”
Knowing how 3 Judith’s schedule is, with her work, kids and aging parents, I found her driving Meg’s children to lessons unbelievably 4 . I was about to say more about this when Donna, another colleague, entered the room 5 . She apologized for being late, saying she just hosted a lunch for her friends who are over seventy. “That is so nice of you,” I say, 6 how busy she was, how she didn’t like to cook and clean. “Oh,” she said, waving her hand, “It was nothing.” 7 , I could still tell the 8 in her voice. She did gain a sense of satisfaction from the entertainment offered to her friends.
Seeing their 9 to help others selflessly, I started thinking about the concept of “nothing”, this peaceful and generous way of living——had it really been nothing or were they simply saying that? It 10 to me that once I spent a whole afternoon after work helping a friend 11 a speech. I 12 her to rearrange the sequence of the stories in the lecture to make it sound more 13 . After the fifth try, she finally 14 it. She hugged me with 15 , saying thanks to me. I smiled and said it was nothing.
Suddenly, I realized that helping someone was really something to me. I learned that giving from the heart doesn’t 16 mean sacrifice and hard work. The 17 is finding something we love to do and finding someone who 18 that something. Our generosity pan benefit others 19 ourselves. Once you have a good 20 of it, it’s nothing. And it’s really something.
1. A. adapting to B. recovering from C. going through D. taking up
2. A. guiding B. fetching C. driving D. dragging
3. A. tight B. common C. strange D. practical
4. A. ridiculous B. cautious C. tiresome D. generous
5. A. disappointedly B. hurriedly C. angrily D. unexpectedly
6. A. ignoring B. forgetting C. knowing D. predicting
7. A. Somehow B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Moreover
8. A. regret B. sadness C. surprise D. pleasure
9. A. willingness B. ambition C. promise D. progress
10. A. referred B. occurred C. appeared D. seemed
11. A. put up B. give away C. prepare for D. deal with
12. A. begged B. invited C. recommended D. sponsored
13. A. sensible B. confusing C. subjective D. typical
14. A. got B. meant C. caught D. made
15. A. gratitude B. worry C. concern D. apology
16. A. normally B. accidentally C. possibly D. necessarily
17. A. treat B. trick C. plot D. plan
18. A. needs B. admires C. loves D. defends
19. A. on account of B. as well as C. except for D. regardless of
20. A. order B. glimpse C. command D. impression
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
MY Travel Experience in China
During the summer holidays I visited a variety of regions in China.
My first stop was Beijing and of course the Great Wall. Without question it lived up to my 1 (expect).
After a long journey, I reached Yunnan. With 2 (it) minority villages and impressive landscapes, Yunnan had a lot to offer. One of my 3 (enjoy) moments in Yunnan was during my visit to The Tiger Leaping Gorge. The climb over the gorge was at times exhausting 4 always breathtaking. The views couldn’t 5 (imagine) in their beauty and they 6 (leave) me with many great memories.
After taking a boat from the mainland I arrived at 7 island province of Hainan. There I visited Baihua Waterfall. Floating on a pool of water at the base and looking up at the waterfall with a background of blue sky was one of the most 8 (relax) experiences of my life.
Throughout China there are many ancient buildings and in particular ancient towns. Lijiang and Dali both have glorious 9 (example) of this. It was remarkable to step back in time and get an idea of 10 China might have looked like all those years ago. I thought the buildings were beautiful and full of history.
I had a wonderful time! China is both fascinating and beautiful!
Ⅳ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
If you are on the street, you will see all kinds of people passing by. It’s not rare to see people with bad manner. Some throw away rubbish casually. Some spits in public. Some even sit or lie on the ground, completely ignore others’ feelings. People feel really badly about all these behaviors.
To be honesty, smoking in public places makes me really annoying. As it is known to us all, smoking does harm for people’s health. Not only is it bad for the smoker himself, but also it is threat to the public health. It was hoped that an effective way can be found to educate these people to behave well in public.
Ⅴ. 书面表达
假设你的朋友Tom写信向你询问你最近的学习生活状况，请你以Li Hua的身份给Tom回信，内容应包括以下要点：
1. 目前的学习生活状况；
2. 高中的苦与乐,对未来的打算；
3. 英语学习方面有困难，希望得到一些帮助；
4. 邀请对方来中国游玩，期盼早日收到回信。
注意：
1. 字数120词左右；
2. 可适当发挥，使上下文连贯。
Dear Tom,
________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours’
Li Hua
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】这篇文章主要讲了Mark本以为自己解决不了那些社会问题，后来自己做了一件很小的善事，却救别人于水火，从而他明白了一个道理，每个人都可以做一些小事，使得事情变得更好。
1. C【解析】细节理解题。由Mark looked at the charts taped to the walls. There are charts for parking problems, crime, and for problems in vacant buildings.可知视觉教具被用来显示严重的问题，故选C。
2. B【解析】细节理解题。由It was too much for Mark. “The problems are too big,” he thought. He turned to the man next to him and said, “I think this is a waste of my time. Nothing I could do would make a difference here.”可知依Mark看，他解决不了这样的问题，故选B。
3. B【解析】推理判断题。由On one of them was “Small acts of kindness add up.” Mark smiled and thought, “Maybe that’s a good place to start.”可知这句话暗含的意思是勿以善小而不为，也就是说每个人都可以 做一些小事，使得事情变得更好，故选B。
B
【语篇解读】这篇文章主要讲了现在大部分国家，车辆都是靠右行驶，但是有一些国家是靠左行驶，作者讲了由靠左行驶发展到靠右行驶的历史。
5. B【解析】词义猜测题。由It might seem bizarre that U. K. drivers stay on the left, but they’re not the only ones. 可知英国的司机靠左行驶，看起来很奇怪，但是他们不是唯一的一个。Bizarre意思是奇怪的，Funny 有趣的， Strange奇怪的， Wrong错误的， Difficult困难的，故选B。
6. C【解析】细节理解题。由it made sense to keep to the left to have their right arms closer to their enemies. Getting on or off was also easier from the left side of the horse, and safer done by the side of the road than in the center.可知历史上，人们骑着马在左边行驶是因为对于他们来说，更容易打仗，故选C。
7. A【解析】细节理解题。由Since he was sitting on the left position, he wanted other wagons to pass on his left, so he kept to the right side of the road.可知他们坐着的位置使得驾驶大马车的司机靠右行驶，故选A。
8. D【解析】主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了现在大部分国家，车辆都是靠右行驶，但是有一些国家是靠 左行驶，作者讲了由靠左行驶发展到靠右行驶的历史，所以这篇文章最好的题目是D。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。在一次会议时，作者看到许多在百忙中乐于助人的人，自己也很快乐。从中作者感悟到：帮助别人不是没什么，而是真得有一些重要的东西，我们从中可以找到我们爱做的事情，我们的慷慨对别人有益对自己也有益。
1. B 考查动词短语辨析。A. adapting to使适应 ；B. recovering from从……恢复；C. going through经历； D. rejoicing in欣喜于。根据下文“a recent operation”和“the manager of our project”可推断，Meg应 是刚从手术中恢复，回来上班。故选B。
2. C 考查动词辨析。A. guiding指导；B. fetching去取；C. driving开车；D. dragging拖；拉。根据下 文“her driving Meg’s children to lessons”可推断，Meg谢谢Judith开车送她的女儿们去上舞蹈课。 故选C。
3. A 考查形容词辨析。A. tight（日程）排满的；B. common常见的；C. strange奇怪的；D. practical实 际的。根据下文“with her work,kids and aging parents”可推断，Judish的日程排的很满，需要上班， 照顾孩子和年迈的老人。故选A。
5. B 考查副词辨析。A. disappointedly失望地；B. hurriedly匆忙地；C. angrily生气地；D. unexpectedly 出乎意料地。根据下文“She apologized for being late”可推断，Donna迟到了，因此她匆忙地走进 房间。故选B。
6. C 考查动词辨析。A. ignoring忽视；B. forgetting忘记；C. knowing知道；D. predicting预测。根据 上文“That is so nice of you”和下文“how busy she was, how she didn’t like to cook and clean”可推断， 作者知道Donna是很忙的，非常不喜欢煮饭和打扫，因此作者说她是真好。故选C。
7. A 考查副词辨析。A. Somehow不知怎么地；莫名其妙地；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则； D. Moreover此外。根据下文“She did gain a sense of satisfaction from the entertainment offered to her friends.”可推断，她从帮助别人中获得了满足感，因此作者不知怎么地就能从她的声音中辨别出快 乐。故选A。
8. D 考查动词辨析。A. regret遗憾；B. sadness悲伤；C. surprise吃惊；D. pleasure快乐。由下文“She did gain a sense of satisfaction”可推断，Donna帮助了别人获得满足感，应是快乐的，因此我 从她的声音里能够辨别出快乐。故选D。
9. A 考查名词辨析。A. willingness乐意；B. ambition抱负；C. promise诺言；D. progress进步。根 据下文“selflessly”推断，这些人都是愿意帮助别人的。故选A。
10. B 考查动词辨析。A. referred谈及；B. occurred发生；C. appeared出现；D. seemed似乎。根据 下文内容可知，我突然想到曾经我下班后花费一整个下午帮助朋友这件事。it occurs to sb.that…“某人突然想起某事”是固定句型。故选B。
11. C 考查动词短语辨析。A. put up举起；B. give away泄露；C. prepare for为……做准备；D. deal with对付；处理。根据下文“I ________her to rearrange the sequence of the stories in the lecture to make it sound more ________.”可推断，我帮助一个朋友准备演讲。故选C。
12. C 考查动词辨析。A. begged乞求；B. invited邀请；C. recommended推荐；建议；D. sponsored 发起。根据语境可知，我建议朋友重新排列演讲的顺序。结合上文提到的“helping”可推断， 我应是给朋友提出建议。故选C。
13. A 考查形容词辨析。A. sensible明智的；合乎情理的；B. confusing令人困惑的；C. sensitive敏 感的；D. typical特有的。由上文“rearrange the sequence of the stories in the lecture”可推断，重 新安排顺序是为了使演讲听起来更加合乎情理。故选A。
14. D 考查动词辨析。A. got得到；B. meant打算；C. caught捉住；D. made使；让。根据语境可知， 在第五次尝试之后，她最终成功了。make it“成功”是固定短语。故选D。
15. A 考查名词辨析。A. gratitude感激；B. worry担心；C. concern关心；D. apology道歉。根据语 境可知，我帮助朋友准备演讲，她感激的拥抱我，对我说谢谢。故选A。
17. B 考查名词辨析。A. treat款待；B. trick诡计；C. plot情节；D. plan计划。根据语境可知，帮 助别人并不意味着奉献和辛苦工作的诀窍是发现了我们爱做的东西，发现了需要那些东西的 人。故选B。
18. A 考查动词辨析。A. needs需要；B. admires钦佩；C. loves爱；D. defends保卫。解析同上。诀 窍是发现了我们爱做的东西，发现了需要那些东西的人。故选A。
19. B 考查介词短语辨析。A. on account of由于；B. as well as也, 不仅……而且；C. except for除 了；D. regardless of不顾。根据语境可知，我们的慷慨不仅对别人有益对我们自己也是有益 的。故选B。
20. C 考查名词辨析。A. order命令；B. glimpse一瞥；C. command指挥；D. impression印象。一旦你掌 握了它，它就没什么。have a command of“掌握”是固定词组。故选C。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。作者在文章中记叙了自己在中国的旅行经历。
1. expectation(s) 考查词性转化。live up to“不辜负”，to是介词，所以此处应使用expect的名词形式“期 望”。故填expectation(s)。
2. its 考查代词。此处应使用形容词性物主代词，意为“它（云南）的少数民族村庄”。故填its。
3. enjoyable 考查词性转化。此处作moments的定语，“快乐的时刻”，应使用形容词形式。故填enjoyable。
4. but 考查连词。句意：越过峡谷的攀登有时令人筋疲力尽，但总是令人叹为观止。前后句意存在转折 关系，应使用连词but。故填but。
5. be imagined 考查动词语态。句意：它们的美丽是无法被想象的。根据句意可知，此处应使用被动语 态，空前为情态动词，故填be imagined。
6. left 考查动词时态。此处描述的是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时。故填left。
7. the 考查冠词。此处特指“海南岛”，应使用定冠词，故填the。
10. what 考查名词性从句。此处为介词of的宾语从句，连词在从句中作look like的宾语，指代“看起来的样 子”，应使用连词what。故填what。
Ⅳ. 短文改错
If you are on the street, you will see all kinds of people passing by. It’s not rare to see people with bad . Some throw away rubbish casually. Some in public. Some even sit or lie on the ground, completely others’ feelings. People feel really about all these behaviors.
To be , smoking in public places makes me really . As is known to us all, smoking does harm people’s health. Not only is it bad for the smoker himself, but also it is threat to the public health. It hoped that an effective way can be found to educate these people to behave well in public.
【语篇解读】这篇文章的作者抨击了有些人在公共场所的一些不文明现象，并且希望找到有效的方法，让那些人在公共场所表现得好一些。
第一处：manner→manners 考查名词单复数。经常会看到人们不好的习惯。“不好的习惯”是复数意义， 所以用名词复数，manner→manners。
第二处：spits→spit 考查主谓一致。主语Some是复数，所以谓语动词不用单数，spits→spit。
第三处：ignore→ignoring 考查非谓语动词。Ignore与其逻辑主语Some是主动关系，所以用现在分词， ignore→ignoring。
第四处：badly→bad 考查形容词。系动词feel之后，用形容词作表语，所以badly→bad。
第五处：honesty→honest 考查固定用法。to be honest说实话，是固定用法，所以honesty→honest。
第六处：annoying→annoyed 考查形容词。make sb + adj使某人……，是固定用法，且V+ed修饰人，所 以annoying→annoyed。
第七处：删去it 考查固定用法。As is known to us all众所周知，是固定用法，所以去掉it。
第八处：for→to 考查固定用法。do harm to 对……有害，是固定用法, for→to。
第九处：is ∧ a 考查固定用法。it is a threat to这是对……的威胁，是固定用法,所以is ∧ a。
第十处：was→is 考查时态。表示经常性的事情，经常性的动作或一般性事实，用一般现在时，所以 was→is。
Ⅴ. 书面表达
Dear Tom,
Thank you very much for your last letter which asked me something about my study and life. How’s everything going? I’m now writing this letter to tell you my recent situation.
As far as I’m concerned, my school life is busy but meaningful. On the one hand, I am busy preparing for the coming exams. I have to do much homework every day so that I have little time to enjoy sunshine. On the other hand, I have made many friends with my classmates. We get on well and help each other with our studies. In addition, my dream is to study computer science in university and become an excellent computer engineer in the future. I am sure I will realize my dream. What’s more, I just wonder if you could help me and give me some advice because I have trouble in studying English. /I find it hard to study English, could you give me some advice?
In a word, welcome to China and I’m glad to be your guide. I’m looking forward to receiving your letter as soon as possible.
Yours
Li Hua
虚拟语气（二）
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1.（2016﹒江苏）If it ___________ for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now.
A. had not been B. should not be
C. were not to be D. should not have been
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】本题考查错综时间虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。主句是对现在情况的虚拟，if从句是对过去情况的假设，故从句要用过去完成时。
【归纳拓展】
所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主句所指时间不一致，如从句指过去，而主句指的是现在或将来，此时应根据具体的语境情况，对时态作相应的调整：
? If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now. （过去→将来）
要是昨晚下过雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。
2. Jack is a great talker. It’s high time that __________ something instead of just talking.
A. will do B. has done
C. do D. did
【参考答案】D
【归纳拓展】
在＂It is (high/about) time...＂句型中，其后的从句要用虚拟语气。从句谓语动词常用过去式，也可用＂should+动词原形＂，should不能省略。
? It is high time you went there. 你早就该去那儿了。
? It is about time we should have dinner. 我们该吃晚饭了。
1. If we ___________ a table earlier, we couldn’t be standing here in a queue.
A. have booked B. booked
C. book D. had booked
2. Maybe if I ___________ science, and not literature then, I would be able to give you more help.
A. studied B. would study
C. had studied D. was studying
3. If I ___________ hard in the past few years, things wouldn’t be going so smoothly.
A. had not been working B. has not been working
C. was not working D. were not working
4. He has just arrived, but he talks as if he ___________ all about that.
A. know B. knows
C. known D. knew
5. —It rained cats and dogs this morning. I’m glad we took an umbrella.
—Yeah, we would have got wet all over if we ___________.
A. hadn’t B. haven’t
C. didn’t D. don’t
6. ___________ for my illness I would have lent him a helping hand.
A. Not being B. Had it not been
C. Without being D. Not having been
7. ___________ what would happen the next day, they would have had second thoughts.
A. Were they to know B. Had they known
C. Should they know D. Did they know
2. C 【解析】这是一个错综时间虚拟条件句。主句用过去将来时，表明与现在事实相反。由从句中的时间的状语then及语境来看，从句表示与过去事实相反的情况，要用相应的过去完成时。故选C。
3. A 【解析】句意：如果我过去几年不努力工作，现在事情就不会这样顺利。此处为错综时间的虚拟语气,由＂wouldn’t be going＂可知主句表示现在的情况，由＂in the past few years＂可知if从句表示过去的情况，从句应用过去完成时，故选A。
4. D 【解析】句意：他刚到，但他说起话来好像他知道那件事似的。as if表示不可能发生的事情时用虚拟语气。
6. B 【解析】句意：要不是我生病了，我会对他伸出援手的。这里表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，连词 if省略了，此时应该把虚拟语气的谓语动词提前，故选B。
7. B 【解析】句意：要是他们早知道第二天将发生的事情，他们会改变主意的。根据句中的＂they would have had second thoughts＂可知，此处表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，故从句用had done结构。本条件状 语从句中省略了if，要把had提前。故选B项。
进步从总结开始!
