be made up of 和 in particular
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. In Britain, women _______ 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work.
A. build up B. make up C. take up D. send up
【参考答案】B
【试题解析】此题为动词辨析题。make up构成,组成占……百分比,stand for代表,send up发射,build up建立。根据题意应为make up。
2. This morning Jim was late for the meeting and he had to an excuse.
A. pick up B. get up
C. make up D. take up
【参考答案】C
【归纳拓展】
be made up of 由……组成，构成
= be composed of
=consist of(不用于被动语态和进行时)
make up 构成；组成；编造；化妆；补上
make up for sth. 弥补某事
make out 理解；辨认出
?It took her half an hour to make herself up.
她化妆用了半个小时。
?She determined to work twice as hard as before to make up for the lost time.
她决定加倍努力工作，把失去的时间补回来。
3. It was a good concert ——I enjoyed the last song ________.
A. in addition B. in case
C. in particular D. in advance
【参考答案】C
【归纳拓展】
in particular尤其；特别(相当于particularly)
be particular about 对……讲究；挑剔
be particular to 为……所特有
?I like all the four seasons，spring in particular.
我喜欢所有这四个季节，尤其是春天。
?Was there anything in particular that you wanted to talk about？
你有什么特别想谈谈的吗？
?She’s very particular about what she eats.她对饮食非常挑剔。
1. If these new measures don’t work, we’ll have to _______ our old system.
A. make up for B. come up with
C. break away from D. fall back on
2. His success doesn’t __________ out of nowhere. As he self-studied College English in high school, he has had a
head start over the people of his age.
A. break up B. spring up
C. make up D. live up
3. Another advantage is that it’s so slim that it won’t too much space in your bag.
A. take up B. make up
C. put up D. use up
4. He’s very particular ______ the kitchen —— everything has to be perfectly clean and in its place.
A. about B. in C. on D. of
5. —Do you enjoy seeing foreign films?
—Yes. Some of them are good and the film Transformers: The Last Knight, is excellent.
A. in common B. in total
C. in particular D. in general
6. Is there anything_______?you would like for dinner?
A. in detail B. in common
C. in general D. in particular
7. American Indians ____________ about five percent of the U.S population.
A. fill up B. bring up
C. make up D. set up
8. ______, we should sleep at sleep at least 8 hours a day, but in practice we sleep less than that.
A. In fact B. In theory
C. On average D. In particular
3. A【解析】句意：另一个优点是它如此细长所以不会占用你包里太多的空间。take up占用，开始从事，接 受（提议）；make up组成，编造，捏造，弥补；put up张贴，举起，建造;，提高，提供食宿，直接行 动；use up用完，耗尽。根据句意可知选A。
4. A【解析】考查固定短语。be particular about“对……讲究”是固定短语。句意：他对厨房非常讲究——每 件东西都必须非常干净，而且要放在该放的地方。故选A。
5. C【解析】考查固定短语。A. in common共同的；B. in total总计；C. in particular尤其，特别；D. in general 通常。句意：——你喜欢看外国电影吗？——是的，一些是很好的，电影Transformers: The Last Knight 特别优秀。此处表示在众多电影中尤其特别好，故选C。
8. B【解析】A选项意为“实际上，事实上”；B选项意为“从理论上讲”；C选项意为“平均”；D选项意为“特 别，特殊”。句意：从理论上来讲，我们每天至少应该睡八个小时，但实际上我们的睡眠时间并没有八 小时。与in practice相对是In theory，故本题选B项。
eventually和transform
高考频度：★★☆☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. David worked very hard and_______?set up a company of his own.
A. continually B. eventually
C. randomly D. apparently
【参考答案】B
【易混辨析】
eventually / at last / finally / in the end
①eventually强调作为结果而最终发生。
? I have run down the word in my dictionary eventually.
我终于在我的字典里查到了这个词。
②at last有时可与finally互换，通常表示在等待很长时间以后终于发生，往往用于一番拖延或曲折之后，因而带有较浓厚的感彩，如不耐烦、放心、如愿等。
? James has passed his exams at last. 詹姆斯终于通过了考试。
③finally表示＂最后＂，常用于动词之前，指一系列事物或论点的顺序。
? After putting it off three times, we finally managed to have a holiday in Greece.
经过三次延期之后，我们终于在希腊度了一次假。
④in the end指经过许多变化、困难的捉摸不定的情况之后，某事才发生，也可用于预测未来，其他则不能。
? He calmed down in the end. 他最后冷静下来了。
2. With these years’ development, China will be into an advanced industrial country.
A.translated B.transplanted C.transported D.transformed
【参加答案】D
【归纳拓展】
transform...into...把……变成……
transform sb./sth.from...把某人/物从……中转变
?In only 20 years the country has been transformed into an advanced industrial power.
这个国家只用了20年就变成了一个先进的工业强国。
?Every moment of every day，energy is being transformed from one form into another.
每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式转换成另一种形式。
1. The Spring Festival Gala(春节晚会) on CCTV has _________ many ordinary entertainers into well-known
stars overnight
A.created B.transformed C.made D.produced
2. By working slowly but surely towards your goal, you’ll _________ succeed.
A. eventually B. traditionally C. socially D. formally
3. Los Angeles Times reported that researchers may have found a way to ______ human life by changing certain
genes, so that humans might expect to live twice as long.
A. extend B. preserve C. multiply D. transform
4. Many media seem to _______ the wrong concept that being slim is being beautiful, so many teenagers are going
on a diet blindly.
A. transform B. convey C. refresh D. exchange
1. B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：中央电视台的春节晚会已经将很多普通的演员一夜间变成著名的明星。 create创造；transform转变；make使得；produce生产。故选B。
2. A【解析】考查副词辨析。句意：慢慢地但是坚定地冲着你的目标努力，你最终会成功的。A. eventually 最终；最后；B. traditionally传统上；C. socially在社会上；D. formally正式地。故选A。
4. B【解析】考查动词。A. transform转变；B. convey传送；C. refresh使恢复，使振作；D. exchange交换。 句意：很多媒体似乎在传送错误的概念，苗条是美，所以很多年轻人在盲目地节食。故选B。
while作并列连词
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. Tom is really good at science, his brother is a natural artist.
A. while B. because
C. for D. as
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】考查连词。while前后形成对比关系，because前后形成因果关系，for后面跟句子一般是对前文的解释说明，as后一般是解释原因。根据句意:托姆非常擅长科学，而他的哥哥却是一位天生的艺术家。前后表达的是对比关系。故选A。
whil用作并列连词，表对比，意为＂而，然而＂。
【易混辨析】
while/but
while强调二者的对比，而but强调前后的转折关系。
? The son was having a good meal at home，while the parents were working in the fields.儿子在家里大吃大喝，而父母却在田里辛勤劳作。
? Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. 蜂蜜很甜，但蜜蜂蛰人。
2. （2016·江苏）______some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
A. Because B. If
C. Unless D. While
【参考答案】D
1. We thought there were 35 students in the lecture hall, ___________, in fact, there were 40.
A. while B. whether C. what D. which
2. What is generally accepted is that Chinese were the earliest to play football ___________ the modern rules for football were established by the Europeans.
A. when B. while C. if D. where
3. It’s seemingly unfair that girls can change into skirts during the hot weather ___________ boys have to swelter in long trousers.
A. since B. while
C. when D. as
4. It’s said that Chinese people are living for others, ___________ the Americans are for themselves.
A. while B. because C. as D. since
5. Some people like living in the big city, ___________ others prefer living in the countryside.
A. when B. which
C. where D. while
1. A 【解析】考查并列连词。句意：我们原以为演讲大厅中会有35名学生，然而事实上却是40名学生。这里while用作并列连词，表对比，意为＂而，然而＂。故选A。
3. B 【解析】考查并列句。句意：在炎热的天气里，女孩们可以换上短裙，然而男孩们必须穿着热得难受的长裤，这似乎不公平。while是并列连词，表示前后对比，译为＂然而，而＂。
4. A 【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：据说中国人是为他人而活，而美国人是为自己而活。while可作并列连词，表达前后两种情况之间的对比，意为＂然而＂；because引导原因状语从句；as可以引导原因状语从句、时间状语从句和让步状语从句，还可以引导非限制性定语从句；since可以引导时间状语从句和原因状语从句。所以while符合语境。
贵有恒何必三更眠五更起，最无益只怕一日曝十日寒。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
why引导的定语从句
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. The reason _________ he resigned was ________ he didn’t get on well with the boss.
A. that, that` B. why, that
C. for which, which D. why, what
【参考答案】B
【归纳拓展】
【归纳拓展】
①The reason why...is that... 做……事情的原因是……；
之所以……是因为……
②That's why... 这是……的原因
③That's because... 这是因为……
?That's why I object to the plan.那就是我反对这个计划的原因。
?He fell from a tall tree.That's why he hurt his leg.
＝He hurt his leg.That's because he fell from a tall tree.
＝The reason why he hurt his leg was that he fell from a tall tree.他从一棵大树上掉下来摔伤了腿。
【名师点津】
在reason后的定语从句中，why在定语从句中等同于for which，作状语。如果reason在从句中作主语或宾语，引导词则使用that或which(作宾语时可以省略)。
2. You have to explain ________ you were absent from school yesterday.
A. what B. which C. where D. why
【参考答案】D
1. Instead of making many excuses you can't reach your goal, just hold to your dream and never give
up.
A.that B.which C.where D.why
2. The reason he was late for the meeting was he was held up by traffic jam during the rush hour.
A.why; because B.that; that
C.why; that D.that; because
3. Do you think the reason you gave for your absence is reasonable?
A.as B.what C.that D.why
1. D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：不要为你没能达到目标找借口，坚持梦想不要放弃。“ you can't reach your goal”是定语从句，修饰excuses，从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why。故选D。
3. C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：你认为你给的迟到的理由合理吗？“ you gave for your absence” 是定语从句，先行词是the reason，定语从句中for后面缺少宾语，用that或which引导定语从句。
进步从总结开始!
with的复合结构
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. With two children _____ middle school in the nearby town now, the parents are working hard.
A.to attend B.attending
C.attended D.having attended
【参考答案】B
2. With some books badly needed _______, she hurried to the bookstore.
A. buying B. bought
C. to buy D. buy
【参考答案】 C
【试题解析】在with复合结构中，不定式表将来。句意：有一些书要买，她急匆匆地去了书店。故答案为C。
【归纳拓展】
“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”称为with的复合结构，此结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾，常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，亦可作后置定语。结构如下：
with＋宾语＋
?With a lot of homework to do，I can’t go skating with you.
因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰了。
?With more and more forests/trees cut down，some animals are facing the danger of dying out.
由于越来越多的森林/树木被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。
?With a local guide leading the way，we got there easily.
有地方向导带路，我们很容易就到了那儿。
1. With water _________ constantly, the brave soldier jumped into the river to save the drowning villager.
A. to rise B. rising
C. risen D. rose
2. It was 3 in the morning _________ the earthquake happened. Hundreds were killed, with a lot _________ in the
collapse.
A.that; buried B.when; buried
C.that; burying D.when; burying
3. _____ a replying e-mail, he had to stay up late at night with his eyes________ the computer screen.
A.Having not received; fixing B.Not having received; fixed
C.Not receiving; fixed D.Not receiving; fixed
4. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ?them.
A.to follow B.following
C.followed D.follows
5. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already __________ for a meal to be cooked.
A. laid B. laying
C. to lay D. being laid
2. B【解析】考查连词和非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知the earthquake happened是时间状语从句，应用when 引导；第二空动词bury应用非谓语动词作a lot的宾语补足语，且与a lot之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故 用buried，选B项。
4. B【解析】句意:这老两口常常在晚饭后到公园里散步,他们的宠物狗则在后面跟着。在with复合结构中,their pet dog与follow是主谓关系,因此这里用现在分词作宾补。
5. A【解析】考查with复合结构中宾补的选择。lay与a dining table为动宾关系,再由already可知非谓语所 表示动作已经完成,故此处应用过去分词作宾补,所以本题选A。
进步从总结开始!
周末培优
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
（2016·浙江）_______online shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects have been positive.
A. Since B. After C. While D. Unless
【参考答案】C
【名师点睛】
while作从属连词的用法总结：
①引导时间状语从句，意为＂在……期间，当……的时候＂。从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。
? Please don’t talk so loudly while others are working. 别人在工作时请不要大声说话。
②引导让步状语从句，意为＂虽然，尽管＂，相当于though。
? While she respected her maths teacher, she didn’t like him. 虽然她尊重她的数学老师，但是她不喜欢他。
③引导条件状语从句，意为＂只要＂，相当于as long as。
? While there is life there is hope. 只要生命存在，就有希望。
1. _________，you'll have a greater chance of finding a suitable job if you have ever done some parttime jobs.
A. In particular B. In general
C. In secret D. In sight
2. There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we ________ gave up.
A. eventually B. unfortunately
C. generously D. purposefully
3. — Sorry, I got a bad cold yesterday.
—Every time you are absent, you _______ an excuse.
A. take up B. give up
C. send up D. make up
4. ________he can't understand is ________his son doesn't like the school.He is very upset about this.
A. That；why B. Why；that
C. What；why D. Whether；that
5. The education reform is being carried out in China. It’s certain that a completely new situation will _________
when the new examination system comes into existence.
A. clarify B. transform
C. arise D. guarantee
6. _________I know she's not perfect, I do like her.
A. While B. When C. Because D. Once
7. _______ some people claim they can predict the future，there is no scientific basis behind it.
A. As B. Once C. while D. Because
8. She sat at her desk, with her eyes ______ on the book, ______ in its plot.
A. fixing; absorbing B. fixed; absorbed
C. fixed; absorbing D. fixing; absorbed
3. D【解析】考查动词短语。句意：——抱歉，我昨天得了重感冒。——每次缺席，你都会编造一个借口。 take up 占据， give up放弃，send up 提出，make up编造，所以选D。
4. C【解析】句意：他不明白的是他儿子为什么不喜欢这所学校，他对此非常不安。本句中有两个从句，前 一个是主语从句， understand缺宾语，选what，后一个是表语从句，表语从句缺原因状语，选why。 故选C。
7. C【解析】考查状语从句。句意：尽管一些人们声称能预知未来，但这些都没有科学依据。as“因为、随 着”；once“一旦”；while“尽管，然而，当……的时候”；because“因为”，由语境可知选C。
8. B【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她坐在桌子旁边，眼睛看着书，被它的情节吸引。第一空使用with 复合结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语，因为her eyes和fix是被动关系，用过去分词作宾语补足语。第二 空是非谓语动词作伴随状语，she和absorb是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。故选B。
每周一测
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Is going on holiday of any benefit? New research shows that going on holiday makes you not only feel good while you’re there but also gain the health benefits for months.
Jetting off to destinations such as the Maldives cuts your blood pressure, helps you sleep better and bounce back from stress. The benefits last at least a fortnight longer than the vacation and can be felt for months in some cases where it is claimed. Experts say workers should always take their holiday entitlement (权利) each year, but as many as one in three don’t.
The study compared key health markers in holidaymakers visiting Thailand, Peru or the Maldives, with those in people who stayed at home and continued working. The average blood pressure of those on holiday dropped by six percent while the workers saw their blood pressure rise by two percent over the same period. The sleep quality of holidaymakers improved by 17 percent while that of the non—holidaymakers deteriorated by 14 percent.
The study also found the ability of vacationers to recover from stress, known as the stress-resilience test, improved by 29 percent. There was a 71 percent fall in stress-resilience scores among workers. Tests showed fallen blood glucose (葡萄糖) levels, reduced risk of diabetes (糖尿病), trimmer waistlines and improved mood and energy levels, with the effects sustained for at least two weeks after returning home.
The Holiday Health Experiment was conducted by tour operator Kuoni and Nuffield Health, the UK’s largest healthcare charity.
1. According to the passage, how many people go on holiday?
A. One third. B. Two thirds.
C. 17 percent. D. A quarter.
2. Which of the following can we infer from the passage?
A. The further you go, the better you get the benefits.
B. Most people like to stay at home during the holiday.
C. The result of the study is mostly based on the description from the people involved.
D. Holidaymakers are more likely to be healthier than non-holidaymakers.
3. The author intends to tell us that .
A. we have to go on holiday as much as possible
B. you’ll certainly get depressed if you don’t go on holiday
C. we had better go on holiday for the benefits of our health
D. it is best to go to foreign countries like Maldives
4. The best title of the passage is .
A. A Holiday Health Experiment
B. Health Benefits from Holiday
C. Health Problems of Having Holiday
D. Key Health Markers m Holidaymakers
B
Dogs are wonderful companions all their own, but they can also help change your life so that you’re more accepting of new friendships. A new study studied how dogs’ brains responded to the human voice and found that “the human brain responds to dog emotions the same way it responds to human emotions” and that the dog’s brain does the same.
Dogs are pack animals, so in terms of pet ownership, your dog will prefer to stay with you rather than somewhere alone. Think about how this concept applies to friendship. People today are getting more and more used to spending time on social networking, email, and text. While all methods of communication are good, there is nothing like seeing your friends and hearing their voice. With good friends, sometimes a look explains everything, and you can only get this when you’re together hanging out in person.
Let’s face it, dogs never hide their feeling. They let you know what they enjoy doing most, whether it is chasing a ball, going for a walk, or getting a treat. For people, it’s harder to be open with your emotions. But in order to truly find a friend, you’ll need to let go of your fears and put trust into your friends. The reality is that you’ll never make everyone you meet happy one-hundred percent of the time, so if your friends and family think you’re great, put aside the need to be liked by everyone.
Dogs wait for you to come home and are so happy to see you again that they practically do a happy dance when you walk through the door. Friends, on the other hand, are sometimes so busy that even hearing from a friend becomes an unwelcome interruption. Rather than avoid calls or emails, make a point to talk to friends on a regular basis.
5. According to the text, dogs .
A. will become human’s only friends
B. can help people make their friends
C. are good at finding friendly humans
D. have similar brains to humans’
6. What are pack animals?
A. Animals that like to stay with others
B. Animals often owned by humans as pets
C. Animals preferring to do everything alone
D. Animals that people like to stay together with
7. To keep a friendship, the author advises that one should .
A. rely totally on social networking
B. try to hide his true feeling from others
C. attempt to make himself liked by everyone else
D. communicate with friends face to face more ofter
8. Why dogs often do a dance when the owners come back?
A. They need something to eat
B. They owners bring something nice
C. They are happy to see the owners back
D. They are afraid the owners will leave again
Ⅱ. 完形填空
It had been a tiring journey. I ____1___the hotel at about ten o’clock that night. There were many other tourists waiting to ___2___in. I approached the reception desk and____3___my room number and the ___4___ to it. To my disappointment, I found that there had been a____5___in communication and my reservation(预定)for a room had not been ___6___. The receptionist(接待员)was very polite and helpful. She told me that the hotel was fully___7____for the night and suggested that I live in another hotel which is further down the hill. Faced with hardly any choice, I ___8___her suggestion.
The hotel was rather strange and warm. The owner was Percy Williams who doubled up____9____a receptionist and a waiter. He greeted me____10____and showed me my room. By then I was so tired that I jumped into bed and___11___a deep sleep.
The next morning, I woke up feeling very much ___12___. I realized that I was___13___with a blanket and my clothes were___14___put in the closet. “Mr. Williams is indeed a nice man,” I thought to myself. I decided that I would____15___on in this hotel for the rest of my holidays.
I met Mr. Williams on my way out and thanked him for his___16____. Mr. Williams was surprised. “I didn’t do anything ___17____show you to your room last night, Miss ___18___must be my wife who did that.”
“Please give my thanks to your wife then,” I said as I moved to leave. Mr. Williams’ next few words made me ___19____ .
“I’m afraid I can’t, Miss. You see, my wife has been dead for __20____.”
1. A. reached B. left C. arrived D. approached
2. A. live B. check C. take D. get
3. A. looked for B. took away C. asked for D. picked up
4. A. answer B. way C. access D. key
5. A. limit B. mistake C. fame D. story
6. A. observed B. governed C. received D. accepted
7. A. booked B. lent C. fixed D. rented
8. A. took over B. took down C. took on D. took up
9. A. as B. between C. for D. among
10. A. friendly B. calmly C. warmly D. formally
11. A. lay down B. longed for C. dreamed of D. fell into
12. A. frightened B. optimistic C. delighted D. energetic
13. A. spread B. covered C. filled D. operated
14. A. smoothly B. neatly C. carelessly D. urgently
15. A. drive B. ride C. stay D. travel
16. A. comfort B. smile C. favor D. generosity
17. A. except B. besides C. beyond D. beneath
18. A. She B. That C. This D. It
19. A. laugh B. hesitate C. freeze D. wonder
20. A. moments B. years C. centuries D. hours
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I was traveling in a small place in New York. That place had no taxi for a short 1 (distant). One had to take a rickshaw(人力车).
I called out for an old man in the waiting line. Before I got on the rickshaw, I 2 (automatic) asked how much he would charge to take me across to the Mall. I 3 (tell) “10 dollars”. Then I started bargaining. He just gave a hard smile and said, “Whatever you feel like, please give me. It is not necessary 4 (bargain) on this small amount.”
I was a bit ashamed at myself and kept quiet while he continued, “ 5 (like) those taxis, my vehicle does not run on petrol or diesel(柴油) or even gas; 6 runs on my sweat. So please give it to me 7 a smile, for the money has to feed so many 8 (hunger) mouths at home.”
When we reached the Mall, I gave him the money and the smile 9 requested and added a gentle pat on his back. He smiled back as if to give me a receipt and I would preserve his smile for 10 long time.
Ⅳ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
When Molly’s father was about to work, his daughter Molly, aged 8, hand him a bag. The father was in hurry so he didn’t know what was inside. While having lunch, he took out the contents: a plastic dinosaur, a tiny sea shell and three small stone. The busy father smiled, finished eating, and sweeping the desk clean into the dustbin include Molly’s junk. This evening, Molly wanted her bag back because she had not made a note into it. I love you, Daddy. The father went to his office hurried, carrying the junk home. He asked Molly to tell her about the junk. It was turned out that everything in the bag had a story. To Molly they were not junk and treasures!
Ⅴ. 书面表达
假设你是李华，在上周的班会上，同学们对朋友和友谊进行了讨论，请根据以下内容给你的朋友Tom写一封信分享你们的讨论内容和观点。
要点：
1. 为什么需要朋友
2. 什么样的朋友是真正的朋友
3. 你对友谊的看法。
注意：
1. 词数100左右
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】最新研究显示，度假不仅让人们感觉良好，也对人们的健康有益，而且带给人的健康益处可维持数月之久。
3. C【解析】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了度假可以有助于人们的健康，可知作者想要告诉我们为了健康我 们最好去度假，选C。
4. B【解析】主旨大意题。从文章的内容和第一段的句子：Going on holiday not only makes you feel good while you’re there, you also gain the health benefits for months, new research shows．可知，这篇文章主要讲的是 度假给我们的健康带来的好处，故选B。
B
【语篇解读】本文介绍狗的一些特点，它可以帮助人交朋友，但作者建议，为了保持友谊，人们应该更加经常地面对面地交流。
5. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句Dogs are wonderful companions all their own, but they can also help change your life so that you’re more accepting of new friendships.可知够能帮助人们交朋友。故选B。
6. A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Dogs are pack animals, so in terms of pet ownership, your dog will prefer to stay with you rather than somewhere alone. pack animals就是喜欢和别人呆在一起的动物。故选A。
7. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中While all methods of communication are good, there is nothing like seeing your friends and hearing their voice. With good friends, sometimes a look explains everything, and you can only get this when you’re together hanging out in person.作者建议，为了保持友谊，人们应该更加经常地 面对面地交流。可知答案为D。
8. C【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句Dogs wait for you to come home and are so happy to see you again that they practically do a happy dance when you walk through the door.狗看到主人回家之后高兴地摇摆着 跳舞。故选C。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者去旅行，因为沟通失误，预定的旅馆客满，只好住在另一家旅馆里。因为太累作者很快入睡了，早晨醒来发现自己盖着毯子，衣服整洁地放在衣橱里，以为是旅馆的主人的关心，当他想店主人表示感谢时，店主人却说不是他做的，肯定是他的妻子，而他接下来却说他的妻子死了数年了，这让作者呆住了。
1. A 考查动词辨析。A. reached到达；B. left离开；C. arrived到达；D. approached接近。根据上文“It had been a tiring journey.”可推断，旅途劳累，我到达旅馆已是晚上10点。arrive是不及物动词，接宾 语加介词at或者in；reach是及物动词可直接接宾语。故选A。
2. B 考查动词辨析。A. live活；居住；B. check检查；C. take拿；取；D. get获得。根据上文可知，当 时是晚上10点，因此可推断有一些其他的游客等待登记入住。check in“登记入住”。故选B。
3. C 考查动词短语辨析。A. looked for寻找；B. took away带走；C. asked for要求；询问；D. picked up 拾起。由下文“my room number”可知，我走近前台询问我的房间号。故选C。
4. D 考查动词辨析。A. answer回答；B. way方法；C. access通道；D. key关键；钥匙。根据语境可知， it是房间，因此可知，我到前台询问我的房间号码，要房间的钥匙。故选D。
5. B 考查名词辨析。A. limit限制；B. mistake错误；C. fame名声；名望；D. story故事。根据“To my disappointment”和下文内容可知，令我失望的是，我发现在与旅馆的交流中出了错误，我的房间预 定没有收到。故选B。
8. D 考查动词短语辨析。A. took over接管；B. took down记下；C. took on呈现；D. took up接受；采纳。 根据上文“Faced with hardly any choice”可知，我没有别的选择，采纳了接待员的建议。故选D。
9. A 考查介词辨析。A. as作为；B. between在……之间；C. for为了；D. among在……之中。根据上文 “The hotel was rather strange and warm.”可推断，这家旅馆很奇怪，店主兼做接待员和服务员。as“作 为”符合语境。故选A。
10. C 考查形容词辨析。A. friendly友好的；B. calmly镇静的；C. warmly热情地；D. formally正是地。 根据语境可知，店主热情地欢迎我，引领我去了我的房间。故选C。
11. D 考查动词短语辨析。A. lay down躺下；B. longed for渴望；C. dreamed of梦想；D. fell into陷入； 进入。根据上文“I was so tired”可推断。我太累了以至于我跳到床上就进入了酣睡状态。故选D。
12. D 考查形容词辨析。A. frightened害怕的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. delighted高兴的；D. energetic精 力充沛的。根据上文可知，我睡得很好，因此推断第二天醒来我感觉精力充沛。故选D。
13. B 考查动词辨析。A. spread传播；B. covered覆盖；C. filled充满；D. operated经营。根据下文“Mr. Williams is indeed a nice man”可推断，我盖着毯子，我的衣服整洁地放在衣橱里。故选B。
14. B 考查副词辨析。A. smoothly顺利地；B. neatly整洁地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. urgently紧急地。 根据语境可知，我意识到我盖着毯子，我的衣服整洁地放在衣橱里。故选B。
15.C 考查动词辨析。A. drive开车；B. ride骑车；C. stay停留；D. travel旅行。根据上文可知，我感觉 店主人是一个好人，帮助盖毯子，整理衣服，因此推断我决定我将在这家旅馆继续住下去。stay on“继 续停留”。故选C。
16. C 考查名词辨析。A. comfort舒适；B. smile微笑；C. favor恩惠；关心；D. generosity慷慨。根据上 文可知，我认为店主人为我提供关心，因此我在出去的路上遇到了Williams先生时因为他的关心 我向他表示感谢。故选C。
17. A 考查介词辨析。A. except除……之外；B. besides除……之外（还有）；此外；C. beyond超出； D. beneath在……之下。根据下文“___18___must be my wife who did that.”可推断，Williams先生说 他没有做任何事情，除了引领作者去房间。故选A。
18. D 考查代词辨析。A. She她；B. That那个；C. This这个；D. It它。表示未知性别的人用代词it。根 据语境可知，可能是我的妻子做了那些事情。故选D。
20. B 考查名词辨析。A. moments时刻；B. years年；C. centuries世纪；D. hours小时。根据语境可知， Williams的妻子应是死了数年了合乎逻辑。故选B。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
【语篇解读】本文属于记叙文，讲述了在纽约乘坐人力三轮车时，车夫的一番话让我感觉他们生活的艰难与不易。
1. distance【解析】考查名词。本题横线前面是形容词short，说明横线上应该使用名词，所以使用形容词distant 的名词形式distance。
2. automatically【解析】考查副词。在英语中副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常做定语 或表语。本句中使用副词automatically在句中做状语修饰谓语动词。
3. was told【解析】考查时态语态。本句中主语I与动词tell构成被动关系，且根据第一段内容可知本文叙 述过去发生的事情，所以本句使用一般过去时的被动语态was told。
4. to bargain【解析】考查不定式用法。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to bargain on this small amount。
5. Unlike【解析】考查介词。本句中介词unlike和……不一样；句意：和那些出租车不一样，我的这种车不 用汽油，用的我的汗水。
6. it【解析】考查代词。在英语中it通常指代上文出现的同一事物，本句中it指代前句中的my vehicle。
7. with【解析】考查介词。本句中介词with表示“带着”，表示伴随。请面对微笑把钱给我， 因为这钱要养 活很多张饥饿的嘴。
8. hungry【解析】考查形容词。在英语中形容词通常做定语修饰名词，或做表语和系动词构成系表结构。本 句中使用形容词hungry做定语修饰名词mouths。
10. a【解析】考查固定短语。短语for a long time很长一段时间，该短语在句中作时间状语。
Ⅳ. 短文改错
【语篇解读】Molly 错把她自己的包给了父亲，在父亲看来是垃圾的东西在女儿眼里却是财富。
第一处：hand→handed考查时态。此文是用过去时态描述的，故此句是用过去式，改为handed。
第二处：in后加a考查固定词组。in a hurry匆忙的。
第三处：stone→stones 考查名词。前面有数词three，故此处应用复数，故改为stones。
第四处：sweeping→swept 考查时态。根据and连接的前后一致原则，此处改为swept。
第五处：include→including 考查非谓语动词。此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，根据与逻辑主语dustbin是
主动关系，故应用including。
第六处：This→That 考查代词。表示那天晚上，不是这天晚上，故改为That。
第七处：hurried→hurriedly考查副词。副词修饰动词作状语，故改为hurriedly。
第八处：her→him考查代词。此处是指她的父亲，故用him。
第九处：was去掉 考查语态。此处是主动语态，故去掉was。
第十处：and→but 考查连词。句意：对于Molly来说，它们不是垃圾而是珍宝。not...but...不是……而是……，
前后词之间是转折关系，故用but。
Ⅴ. 书面表达
Dear Tom,
Last weeks, we had a heated discussion about “friends” and “friendship”. I’m writing to share our ideas with you.
We all agree that we can hardly do without friends in life. There are many difficulties we can’t overcome with our own efforts. Besides, we need friends to share our joys and sorrow, otherwise we would feel lonely. A good friend is someone who respects us and who we respect. True friends are those who never desert us even when we are in trouble. Instead, they offer us sincere and selfless help even at the cost of their own interests.
In my opinion, true friendship is largely based on supporting each other, which can stand the test of time.
Best wishes!
Yours
Li Hua
【名师点睛】
本文是一篇提纲类作文。文章出了详细的提示。考生在成文时应注意：合理发挥想象力，使文章的表达自然，丰满。文章的写作要点要齐全：1. I’m writing to share …2. We all agree that we can hardly do without friends…3. A good friend is someone who …4. In my opinion…:注意文章的人称：以第一人称为主。时态：一般现在时。注意使用高级词汇had a heated discussion，sincere and selfless，at the cost of，is largely based on和句型，以提高文章的档次；恰当使用一些连词、插入语，使文章表达自然，流畅。
【范文亮点】
①A good friend is someone who respects us and who we respect.定语从句。
②true friendship is largely based on supporting each other, which can stand the test of time.非限制性定语从句。
