adopt和possess
高考频度：★★☆☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. The Australia state of Victoria will _______a “zero tolerance” policy towards drunken drivers.
A.absorb B.adopt C.adjust D.adapt
【参考答案】B
【归纳拓展】
adopt vt. （1）采用（方法），采取（某态度），采纳（建议、改革等）
（2）收养，领养
adopt one’s suggestion/advice 采纳某人的建议
adopt a(n) approach/policy/attitude采取一种方法/政策/态度
adopt sb as...收养某人为……
【易混辨析】
单词
含义
用法
adopt
采取，采用；通过，接受；收养
adopt sth. 采取……，采用……
adapt
是指为某种目的，或为适应环境而改变
adapt (oneself) to使自己适应；adapt for改编，改写
adjust
改变……，以适应，使适应，使适合
adjust oneself 使自己适应；adjust to 调整，适应
2. Witches are said to _______ magical power to communicate with gods who are _______ of everything on the
earth.
A. possess; in possession B. own; in the possession??
C. have; in the possession D. be; in possession
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】句意：据说巫师拥有魔力可以和占有地球上万事万物的神沟通。possess 拥有，占有; in possession of sth. 占有某物。
【归纳拓展】
possess v. （1）有，拥有（不能用于进行时）
（2）支配，控制
be possessed by/with 被……控制
possession n. 拥有，占有；个人财产，私人物品
be in possession of sth.拥有/占有某物
be in the possession of sb./be in one’s possession为某人所有；归某人所有
have possession of拥有(指买来或从别人那里拿来)
take possession of占领；夺取
come into possession占有某物
3. (2015·浙江) These comments came specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
A.in memory of B.in response to
C.in touch with D.in possession of
【参考答案】B
1. Jane opened the window to _____ a little air and sunshine.
A.admit B.admire
C.adapt D.adopt
2. Our failure to ________ ourselves to modern life often causes us trouble in our work.
A.adopt B.apply
C.adapt D.appoint
3. The ________ child was finally told who were his true parents____________ the fact that he lived a happy life.
A.adopted; in spite of B.adopting; despite
C.adopted; though D.adopting; in spite of
4. Though having lived abroad for years, many Chinese still ________ the traditional customs.
A.expand B.possess
C.observe D.behave
5. You cannot legally the property until the contract is signed.
A.take possession of B.give place to
C.keep track of D.make contributions to
6. As soon as the lifeguard threw the life ring to him, the drowning young man it without hesitation.
A.caught hold of B.had possession of
C.paid attention to D.took control of
7. —How could you take ______ possession of the old valuable house?
—It used to be in ________ possession of my uncle. He left it to me in his will.
A./; the B.the; /
C./; / D.the; the
3. A【解析】考查非谓语动词和介词短语。句意：被收养的孩子最后被告知谁是他真正的父母，虽然他过着 幸福的生活。child和adopt是被动关系，用过去分词作定语，第二空后面是名词the fact，所以前面是 介词短语in spite of或介词despite，而though是连词，不能接名词。故选A。
4. C【解析】考查动词。expand“扩大；膨胀”；possess“拥有；占有”；observe“观察；遵守”；behave“表现”。 结合句意，尽管在国外生活多年，许多中国人还遵守传统习俗，选C项。?
5. A【解析】考查动词短语。句意:签订合同之后你才能合法拥有这份财产。take possession of意为"拥有,具 有",符合语境。give place to意为"让位于";keep track of意为"记录";make contributions to意为"奉献,贡献"。
a great deal
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
The general manager thought _______ of these problems before he made the final decision.
A. a good many B. a great deal
C. lots D. a plenty
【参考答案】B
【归纳拓展】
a great deal的用法：
①a great deal 可在句中作状语，修饰动词或形容词/副词的比较级(此时不加of)；还
可用作名词短语，作主语或宾语(此时同a lot)，作主语时谓语动词用单数。
②deal用来表示“大量”“相当多”时不用large修饰，而习惯用great或good来修饰。
③a great deal of 表示“许多”，只能修饰不可数名词。
?A great deal has been finished，but there is still much to be done.
虽然已经完成了许多工作，但仍然有许多事情要做。
?We are a great deal cleverer(clever)than before.
我们比以前聪明多了。
?A great deal of money was used(use) in rescuing the victims in the earthquake.
大量的金钱被用来援救地震中的受害者。
1. We had ______ fun at Mary’s party last Sunday.
A. a large number of B. a great many
C. a great deal of D. many a
2. The new policy on education has attracted _____________ attention.
A. a huge number of B. a large sum of
C. a great deal of D. a great many
3. The news of the earthquake ________ when a large quantity of relief supplies ________ to the disaster-stricken
area.
A. had hardly been spread; was delivered B. was hardly spread; were delivered
C. had hardly spread; were delivered D. had hardly spread; was delivered
4. As a result of destroying the forests, a large of desert covered the land.
A. number, has B. quantity, has
C. number, have D. quantity, have
1. C【解析】句意：上周日我们在玛丽的聚会上玩的很开心。句中fun 是不可数名词，A、B、D三项都是 修饰可数名词，只有C项修饰不可数名词，故选C.
3. C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：地震的消息一传开，大量的救灾物资被递送到灾区。第一空是固定句 式hardly…when…，主句用过去完成时态；从句的主语是a large quantity of relief supplies，后面的谓语 动词用复数形式，用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为C。
【名师点睛】
固定句式：hardly...when...，no sooner...than...，“一……就……”，主句用过去完成时态，从句用一般过去时态，如果把否定词hardly/no sooner提到主语前面，则把had提到主语前面，句子用部分倒装。如：
Hardly had he arrived home when it began to rain. 他一到达家，天就开始下雨。
贵有恒何必三更眠五更起，最无益只怕一日曝十日寒。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
aim 和 typical
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. His remarks ______ at us all. That’s to say, he aimed his words______ us all.
A.aimed; to B.aims; on
C.were aiming; for D.were aimed; at
【参考答案】D
【知识讲解】
aim ◆n. 目标；目的；瞄准
achieve one’s aim 达到某人的目的
【常见搭配】 take aim at 向……瞄准
without aim 漫无目的地
with the aim of... 意在……
? The aim of the meeting was to reach an agreement about next year’s price.
会议的目标是就明年的价格达成协议。
? He started to learn English with the aim of going abroad.
他开始学英语，目的是出国。
? Take careful aim at the target before firing. 开火之前仔细瞄准目标。
◆v. 瞄准；目的是，旨在
【常见搭配】 aim at doing sth. 目的在于做某事
aim to do sth.
aim at sth. 瞄准；致力于（=aim for sth.）
be aimed at 目的是……；目标是……
?I aimed at the door but hit the window. 我对准门射击，不料打中了窗户。
?The factory must aim at increased production/aim for an increase in production.
工厂必须把增加产量作为目标。
?He aims to be a successful writer. 他的目标是成为一名成功的作家。
2. Jack is late again. It is of him to keep others waiting.
A.normal B.ordinary C.common D.typical
【参考答案】D
【知识讲解】
typical adj.典型的；有代表性的；特有的
【常见搭配】
be typical of sth.具有……的典型特征；是典型的……
It is typical of sb.to do sth.某人一向……
1. You do not have to count all the nuts. Just ________ how many there are.
A. aim B. change C. estimate D. join
2. The famous film star wants to set up a Hope Project School, _______ poor children in remote areas to receive
education.
A. aims at helping B. aiming at helping
C. aims to help D. aimed to help
3. She _________ high and tries hard to make her dream come true.
A. achieves B. reaches C. misses D. aims
4. —Are you close to Mr. White?
—No, he is just a acquaintance of a long train journey.
A. casual B. private C. typical D. harmonious
5. We are all _______ individuals. Those who may work for me may not work for you.
A. normal B. average C. unique D. typical
6. The woman she acted in the film is ______ the women in the 1930s.
A. typical of B. conventional of
C. impressive of D. consistent of
7. It is typical _______ him to be late for meeting, _____makes us very angry.
A. of, as B. for, as C. of , which D. for, which
8. Nowadays it is ______ of a young generation to take it for granted that parents should meet whatever they desire.
A. typical B. critical C. special D. universal
3. D【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：她目标很高并努力使她的梦想成真。achieve获得；reach到达；够到； miss错过；aim目的。故选D。
4. A【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。——你和怀特先生关系近吗?——不,他只是我在长途火车旅行中结识的 泛泛之交。casual"感情不深的,疏远的",a casual acquaintance"泛泛之交"。private"私人的";typical" 典型的";harmonious"和谐的"。
5. C【解析】考查形容词。normal“正常的”；average“平均的”；unique“独特的”；typical“典型的”。结合后半 句“Those who may work for me may not work for you.”（对我们起作用的不一定对你起作用），故此句表 示“我们每个人都是很独特的”，选C项。
6. A【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：她在电影中扮演的女人是典型的20世纪30年代的女性。typical典型 的；conventional传统的，惯例的；impressive印象深刻的；consistent一致的。故选A。
7. C【解析】考查介词及定语从句。第一空It's typical of sb to do sth.为固定句式，意为“某人做某事是常有的 事情”；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面主句的内容，应用which。故选C。
convince和attempt
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. Unless you can prove it with solid facts, you can’t your parents.
A. convince B. inform C. guarantee D. refuse
【参考答案】A
【归纳拓展】
convince vt. 使确信，使信服
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事
【常见搭配】 convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
convince sb. that... 使某人相信……
?We finally convinced them of our innocence. 我们终于使他们相信我们是清白的。
?They failed to convince the directors that their proposals would work.
他们未能使董事们相信他们的建议是切实可行的。
2. （2014·浙江）We most prefer to say yes to the ?of someone we know and like.
A.attempts B.requests C.doubts D.promises
【参考答案】B
【试题解析】考查名词辨析。句意:我们熟悉和喜欢的人对我们提出的要求,我们最愿意答应接受。attempt"试图,企图";request"要求,请求";doubt"怀疑,质疑";promise"允诺,许诺"。
【归纳拓展】
attempt vt. 尝试；企图 n. 努力，尝试（尤指较难的事情）
【常见搭配】
attempt to do sth./ at doing sth. 试图做某事
make an attempt to do sth. 试图做某事
at one’s first attempt 第一次尝试
give up an attempt 放弃尝试
?Every time I’ve attempted to convince her, I’ve failed completely.
每次我都试图说服她，但全然不起作用。
?All attempts to control inflation have failed. 所有为控制通货膨胀而做的尝试都失败了。
?He made one last attempt at the world record. 他为破世界纪录做了最后一次努力。
1. The popularity of Internet celebrities, or “wanghong” makes some young girls________ that appearance really
counts when it comes to success.
A.believed B.convinced C.informed D.assumed
2. People often all sorts of warning signals about their own health.
A.convince B.evaluate C.overlook D.organize
3. My parents strongly _________ my _________ to go to college out of Beijing, because they don't like my being
far away from them.
A.enjoy; wish B.oppose; attempt
C.advocate; effort D.object; desire
4. He will be punished by law because he made no _______at all to save the dying boy.
A.remark B.attempt C.sign D.action
5. Tom has practiced driving for a year. So I think he will pass the driving test on his fist _____ tomorrow.
A.agreement B.suggestion C.desire D.attempt
6. If people want to their goals and dreams, they have to be willing to pay the price.
A.accomplish B.set C.acquire D.attempt
1. B【解析】考查动词辨析。句意：网络名人或网红的流行使得一些年轻女孩相信在成功这方面外表真地重 要。believed相信；convinced使……相信； informed通知；assumed假设。使用make +宾语+宾语补足 语，young girls 和believe是主动关系，A项应该用believe；young girls和convince是被动关系，用过 去分词。故选B。
4. B【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：他将因为没有对那个垂死的男孩施救而受到法律的制裁。make attempt to do 意为“试图做”，故B项正确。
5. D【解析】考查名词的辨析。句意：Tom练习开车已经有一年了，因此我认为在明天他第一次尝试考驾照考试就能通过。attempt意为“尝试”，符合句意。agreement意为“协议”；suggestion意为“建议”；desire“渴望”。
6. A【解析】句意:如果人们想要实现自己的目标和梦想,就得愿意付出代价。accomplish one’s goal/dream是固定结构,表示"实现目标/梦想"。
不定式作定语
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. If water becomes increasingly scarce in decades ______, water shortage will become a hot issue all over the
world.
A. coming B. having come
C. to come D. to be coming
【参考答案】C
【试题解析】考查非谓语动词。decades to come?未来的数十年，to come不定式作定语，表将来。
2. Jordan was the second player ________ more than 3,000 points in a season.
A. scoring B. to score
C. has scored D. had scored
【参考答案】B
【归纳拓展】
不定式作定语：
①在序数词，the last，the next，the only和形容词最高级后或在被这些词修饰
的名词/代词后，常用不定式作定语。
②在time，way，chance，ability，promise等抽象名词后，常用不定式作定语。
?He is the only man to know the truth. 他是唯一知道真相的人。
?Jerry was the third person to receive(receive)the letter. Jerry
是第三个收到信的人。
?The chance to go(go)for a picnic has been ruined. 我们去野餐的机会被毁了。
1. The construction project has been ordered to stop because it caused a lot of noise affecting the life of
many citizens.
A. to be carried out B. carried out
C. being carried out D. carrying out
2. Reading is a good way _____ a child’s imagination at an early age.
A. to develop B. developing C. develop D. developed
3. He is always the first ___________ (get) to the office.
【名师点睛】
to be carried out是动词不定式的被动语态，它往往用来表示将来的动作，且和被修饰的名词之间是被动关系。carried out是过去分词，它和被修饰的名词之间是被动关系。being carried out表示正在进行的动作，且和被修饰名词之间是被动关系。carrying out是现在分词，和所修饰名词之间是主动关系。
2. A【解析】考查动词不定式，句意:阅读是培养孩子早期想象力的好方法。a way to do sth.一种做某事的方 法。本题中的不定式作定语修饰way，故选A。
3. to get【解析】考查不定式。句意：他总是第一个到办公室的人。此处是不定式作定语，修饰the first（one）, 故填to get.
进步从总结开始!
周末培优
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. It was reported that ________ the houses were destroyed in the earthquake.
A. a great deal of B. the great number of
C. a large amount of D. a great many
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】a great deal of修饰不可数名词；the great number of表示“……的大数量”，谓语用单数；a large amount of修饰不可数名词；a great many后面跟复数名词，谓语用复数。句意：据报道，大量房子在地震中被毁坏。故选D。
【名师点睛】
2. The way he thought of _________ the problem is very useful.
A. solving B. to solve
C. solve D. answering
【参考答案】B
【名师点睛】
不定式作后置定语,与它修饰的名词或代词具有下面三种关系：
write是不及物的,加上with后,才能与pen构成逻辑上的动宾关系.
2. 同位关系：即不定式对它所修饰的名词或代词的内容进行说明或解释.如：
He got a good chance to go to England.机会的内容就是：去英国.
3. 主谓关系.即不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式这个动作的执行者.如：
He is always the first to come and the last to leave.
1. You should keep an eye_______ Allen, for I have lost faith _______ him.
A. in; on B. on; in
C. at; at D. for; for
2. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Liu Xiang excited people all over Asia when he became the first Asian
__________ the gold medal in the men’s 110-meter hurdle.
A. winning B. won
C. to win D. having won
3. The project _______ helping young unemployed people.
A. aims at B. is aimed at
C. aims to D. for the purpose of
4. It is useless trying to _______ her that she doesn’t need to lose any weight.
A. believe?????? B. convince????????? C. warn????????? D. ensure
5. Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. _______, it could just put you in
debt.
A. In other words B. All in all
C. As a result D. On the other hand
1. B 【解析】句意：你应该小心艾伦，因为我已经不信任他了。第一空填on， keep an eye on 意为＂留意，留神，照看＂；第二空填in，lose faith in 意为＂不相信……，对……失去信任＂。
4. B【解析】believe相信；convince说服；warn警告；ensure保证，确保。由句意＂试着去说服她没必要减肥是无用的＂可知选B。
5. D【解析】In other words 换句话说（同义转换）；All in all 总之（话语总结）；As a result 结果（因果关系）。 该句子隐含着逻辑的转折关系，因此D选项正确。句意：创办你自己的企业可能是获取经济独立的一 种方法，但另外一方面可能会导致你负债累累。
每周一测
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
Though they have been around since the late 1990’s, emoji(表情符号) usage has increased sharply with the wide use of smartphones.
Recently, a team from the University of Michigan and Peking University analyzed 427 million messages sent by users in 212 countries to look into the differences in emoji use by location and culture. The findings indicated the French are emoji power users and included them in 19.7% of their texts. It’s almost twice that of Russia, where only 10.9% of the messages contained emojis. Americans came in a close third at 9.2% and was followed by Mexico at 7.9%.
Also, though the?handily wins the title as the most popular emoji, the French appear to prefer the?. They are also more likely to use variations of the heart emoji.
Not surprisingly, the study found that women tend to use emojis more extensively than men. However, they stick to a handful of favorites. Men, on the other hand, show better judgment and appear to go to extra length to find an emoji that matches the situation. But even so, they select from the top 119 of the 1 281 emojis available.
The researchers say people living in Australia and France who believe one person’s need is greater than that of a society or group, used happier emojis. Conversely, those from countries with closely knit societies, like Colombia, prefer using sad or angry emojis.
Also, cultures like Turkey and Russia, known for their strictness, appeared to be more content, at least according to the emojis. On the other hand, people in tolerant cultures, like Mexico, seemed unhappy or dissatisfied.
The researchers believe the findings of this "first large-scale analysis of emoji usage" will help develop input methods and perhaps even expand our emoji vocabulary! Who knew the tiny image we add to brighten up our texts could show so much about our culture?
1. Which country is the second-place winner of the use of emojis?
A. France. B. America. C. Russia. D. Mexico.
2. How are men different from women in using emojis?
A. Men often choose the rarely used emojis.
B. Men use more variations of the heart emoji.
C. Men use emojis more casually than women.
D. Men can better match the emojis with the situation.
3. Which can best replace the underlined word "Conversely" in Paragraph 5?
A. In general.
B. In other words.
C. On the contrary.
D. As a result.
4. What did researchers conclude from the study?
A. Emojis can show people’s true feelings.
B. The emoji selection is influenced by our culture.
C. Emojis could strengthen bonds between people.
D. The invention of smartphones brought emojis into being.
B
Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later? Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.
“This is an animal study, but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important—not just for physical development, but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive（认知的）development during ageing,”says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto, Canada.“ In humans, it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's symptoms（阿茨海默氏症）,possibly to the point of preventing them.”
Wojtowicz’s team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups, and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks. Around four months later—when the rats had reached middle age—the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific. When placed in the box, they froze with fear.
Two weeks later, the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room, the same box with the room arranged differently, and a completely different box in a different room.
The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations, suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous. But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.
"The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young, at least for rats, has influence on brain and cognitive health—in the form of better memories—when we're older," says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston, who has found that, in humans, exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.
5. The study shows that_____.
A. physical activity is important for physical health
B. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats’ growth
C. physical activity can prevent human’s Alzheimer's symptoms
D. the more exercise a rat has when young,the better memory it will possess when older
6. How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?
A. By analyzing causes.
B. By giving an example.
C. By describing the process.
D. By showing differences.
7. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Exercise. B. Development.
C. Benefit. D. Study.
8. What is the author's attitude towards the animal study?
A. Negative. B. Objective.
C. Critical. D. Doubtful.
Ⅱ. 完形填空
It was an extraordinary night. The noisy Mexico City gradually? 1 . The main stadium of the Olympic track and field competition was covered in the? 2 .
After he finished making the scenes of the marathon winners? 3 the prizes, Greenspan, the world famous news documentary producer, found the? 4 empty. It was time for him to? 5 to the hotel for a rest. He was about to leave? 6 he suddenly saw a bandaged man? 7 the stadium. This man ran completely? 8 , but he didn’t stop. After he ran along the runway for a circle and got to the goal, he collapsed on the ground.
Greenspan guessed this was a marathon athlete. Out of curiosity, he? 9 to ask why the athlete wanted to run to the? 10 with such a difficulty. The young man replied, "That my country sent me here? 11 more than 20 000 kilometers is not to let me only get off the starting line in the competition, but to make me? 12 the game. I want to run to the goal, though I have? 13 all other runners, but I have a(n)? 14 goal like them: I will run to the goal.? 15 the audience won’t cheer me any more, my motherland is watching me? 16 from behind." Tears poured from Greenspan’s eyes. Soon, he spread the most? 17 scene in the history of the Olympic Games to every corner of the world.
Life should have a dream of? 18 the peak, yet we should understand not everybody has the ability to do it. The most? 19 is not whether we can get to the peak but whether we have made the greatest? 20 — to reach the goal in the mind is a success.
1. A.withdrew B.extended C.calmed down D.lay down
2. A.coldness B.kindness C.witness D.darkness
3. A.donating B.refusing C.receiving D.offering
4. A.classroom B.stadium C.hall D.square
5. A.return B.move C.turn D.lead
6. A.before B.when C.since D.until
7. A.ran into B.ran out C.left D.approached
8. A.aimlessly B.carelessly C.out of work D.out of breath
9. A.drew back B.walked out C.went over D.moved on
10. A.goal B.consequence C.ambition D.condition
11. A.with B.by C.of D.from
12. A.accompany B.complete C.participate D.conquer
13. A.fallen apart B.fallen down C.fallen away D.fallen behind
14. A.innocent B.important C.sacred D.awful
15. A.Though B.That C.As long as D.As soon as
16. A.wildly B.curiously C.devotedly D.excitedly
17. A.thrilling B.touching C.unforgettable D.unimaginable
18. A.climbing B.reaching C.seizing D.exploring
19. A.impressive B.remarkable C.obvious D.important
20. A.efforts B.spirits C.gains D.measures
Ⅲ. 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Huangshan, there are oddly-shaped pines scattered about the peaks and ravines(沟壑). They are one of the four wonders of Huangshan. 1 other three are: oddly-shaped rocks, hot springs and the sea of clouds.
Huangshan pines 2 (common) grow on alpine peaks. It is a uniquely classified tree species in botany.
Huangshan pines are different from other pines. Most of them don’t grow on the earth, 3 root in steep cliffs. Because they take root in rocks, most 4 (live) for well over 100 years, they are seen 5 a symbol of vigor(活力). The crooked branches 6 (regard) as very beautiful and fantastic.
The Pine Greeting Guests is about 10 meters high. The diameter of 7 (it) trunk is 64cm, and the diameter of its roots is 75 cm. It looks like a friendly host 8 throws his arms out to warmly welcome guests from China and abroad. This pine is the representative example of Huangshan’s pines, and seems 9 (act)as an ambassador for Huangshan. Being the most photographed thing in Huangshan, its image appears as decoration in 10 (restaurant)and homes all over China.
Ⅳ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
The students today are given very much homework to do after class. Most of them have difficulty finishing them on time. As a result some and more parents offer to help their children with their homework, hope to reduce their learning burden in a way. People have different view on whether parents should help their children do their homework. As far as I am concerned, it was beneficial for parents to help their children unless the homework is too difficult for them to deal with. For one thing, it relieves the children’s stress or builds up their confidence. For another, it’s a good way for parents to know their children better off. Most important of all, it strengthens relationship between parents and children.
Ⅴ. 书面表达
假如你是李华,笔友Tom写信询问你校最近开设的有关传统文化的实践课程。请根据提示给他回复一封邮件。
1.你最喜欢的课程;
2.原因;
3.对你的影响。
注意:
1.词数100左右,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了在智能手机中表情符号的使用情况。研究表明这些符号的使用受文化背景的影响。
3. C【解析】词义猜测题。从本段内容可知,法国人喜欢使用表示开心的表情符号,而哥伦比亚人更倾向于使 用表示不满意、不开心的表情符号,前后句表示相反的情况。in general "通常",in other words"换句话说",on the contrary"相反",as a result"因此"。故选C。
B
【语篇解读】这篇短文介绍一项动物研究的过程，从而研究锻炼对大脑有终生的好处。
5. D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.”可知，锻炼对大脑终生有好处，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选D.
6. C【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段讲述Wojtowicz的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过程，因此通 过描述过程发展的。故选C.
7. A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身体的发育很重要，对于人类，它 可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此it在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就是锻炼。故选A.
8. B【解析】观点态度题。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可见作者对动 物研究的态度是很客观的。故选B.
Ⅱ. 完形填空
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一位年轻运动员在比赛中受了伤,但仍然坚持完成比赛。专题纪录片的制作者Greenspan看到后,深受感动,向全世界报道了这一事件。本文告诉我们,人生最重要的不是能否到达峰顶,而是是否尽到了最大努力——到达心中的目标,便是一种成功。
1. C 考查语境选词。根据下文中的"found the empty. It was time for him to to the hotel for a rest" 可知,此处表示夜色笼罩的墨西哥城渐渐安静下来,所以选C。
2. D 考查名词。根据上文中的" It was an extraordinary night"可知,此处表示笼罩在夜色中,所以选D。 coldness"冷淡",kindness"善良",witness"目击者",darkness"黑暗"。
3. C 考查动词。比赛已经结束,故此处表示马拉松比赛优胜者们领奖。donate"捐赠";refuse"拒绝";receive" 接到,收到";offer"主动提出"。所以选C。
4. B 考查名词。根据后文的"...he suddenly saw a bandaged man the stadium"可知选B。此处为原词 复现。
5. A 考查动词。根据后文"for a rest"的提示可知,此处表示该回宾馆休息了,所以选A。
6. B 考查连词。此处表示他刚要离开体育场,突然看到一个绑着绷带的人跑进体育场。be about to do...when...意为 "正要……就在这时……",为固定用法,所以选B。
7. A 考查语境选词。根据下文中的"This man ran completely , but he didn’t stop"的描述可知他是跑着 进入体育场的,所以选A。
8. D 考查语境选词。根据下文中的"After he ran along the runway for a circle and got to the goal, he collapsed on the ground"可知他跑得很累,上气不接下气,所以选D。aimlessly"无目标地",carelessly" 粗心大意地",out of work"下岗",out of breath"上气不接下气"。
9. C 考查动词短语。根据下文中的"The young man replied"可知,此处表示Greenspan走过去问话,所以选 C。draw back"撤回",walk out"走出去",go over"走过去",move on"开始做"。
10. A 考查名词。后文提到"I want to run to the goal",此处为原词复现,所以选A。goal"目标",consequence" 结果",ambition"雄心",condition"状况"。
11. D 考查介词。此处表示我的国家从两万多公里外送我来这里,不是只叫我在这场比赛中起跑,而是派我 来完成比赛。所以选from "从……"。
12. B 考查动词。参考上题解析可知,选B。accompany"陪伴",complete"完成",participate"参与",conquer"征服"。
13. D 考查动词短语。根据前文的描述可知,此处表示我要跑向终点,尽管我已经落在奔跑队伍的最后面, 所以选D。fall apart"崩溃",fall down"倒塌",fall away"消失",fall behind"落在……后面"。
14. C 考查形容词。根据下文中的"I will run to the goal"可知,此处表示我有着和他们一样神圣的目标。所 以选C。innocent"无辜的,纯真的";important"重要的";sacred"神圣的";awful"可怕的"。
15. A 考查连词。尽管不再有观众为我加油,但我的祖国在我身后全身心地凝望着我。此处前后形成让步 关系,空格处引导让步状语从句,应用though "尽管",所以选A。
16. C 考查副词。根据他在运动场上的表现可知,他之所以那样做是因为祖国在身后全身心地凝望着他,所 以选C。wildly"失控地,非常",curiously"好奇地",devotedly"全心全意地",excitedly"兴奋地"。
19. D 考查形容词。根据前文中的"yet we should understand not everybody has the ability to do it"(但我们应 该懂得不是每个人都有到达峰顶的能力)可知此处指最重要的不是我们是否能到达峰顶而是我们是 否做出了努力,所以选D。impressive"令人赞叹的",remarkable"显著的",obvious"显然的",important" 重要的"。
20. A 考查名词。最重要的不是我们能否到达峰顶,而是是否尽到了最大努力——到达心中的目标便是一 种成功,所以选A。
Ⅲ. 语法填空
【语篇解读】本文为说明文,主要介绍了黄山景点奇迹之一——黄山松 ,尤其是黄山迎客松。
1. The【解析】考查定冠词的用法。上文提到奇形怪状的松树是黄山四大奇迹之一,故此处应用the other 表 示一定范围内的所有剩余部分,注意首字母大写。此处表示其余三个奇迹是怪石、温泉和云海。
2. commonly【解析】考查副词的用法。修饰动词grow应用副词形式,此处表示黄山松常生长在山峰上。
3. but【解析】考查连词的用法。此处为not...but..."不是……而是……"结构, 此处表示大部分松树不是长在 土上而是扎根在陡峭的悬崖上。
4. living【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。此处为"代词+现在分词"构成的独立主格结构,表示大部分黄山松 的寿命远远超过100年。
5. as【解析】考查固定搭配中介词的用法。be seen as ..."被看作……"为固定搭配,此处表示它们被看作活力 的象征。
6. are regarded【解析】考查动词的时态、语态。主语"The crooked branches"与动词regard之间为逻辑上的动 宾关系,故应用被动语态,参考全文的时态可知,此处应用一般现在时,故答案为 are regarded。
9. to act【解析】考查不定式的用法。seem为系动词,后面应接不定式作表语。此处表示这棵松树充当黄山大使。
10. restaurants【解析】考查名词单复数。由后面对应的homes可知,此处需用名词复数形式表示泛指概念。
Ⅳ. 短文改错
The students today are given much homework to do after class. Most of them have difficulty finishing on time. As a result and more parents offer to help their children with their homework, to reduce their learning burden in a way. People have different on whether parents should help their children do their homework. As far as I am concerned, it beneficial for parents to help their children the homework is too difficult for them to deal with. For one thing, it relieves the children’s stress builds up their confidence. For another, it’s a good way for parents to know their children better . Most important of all, it strengthens relationship between parents and children.
【语篇解读】如今,孩子的课业负担很重,越来越多的家长帮助他们做作业,对于这种现象,人们有不同的看法。
第一处:very→too。考查副词。very much"非常"为副词短语,不可修饰名词;too much"太多",后接不可数名词, 故改very为too。
第二处:finishing后的them→it。考查代词。根据语境可知,此处指代前文的不可数名词homework,故应改them 为it。
第三处:some→more。考查形容词。根据语境可知,此处表示越来越多的家长帮助孩子做作业。故将some改 为more。more and more"越来越多的"。
第四处:hope→hoping。考查非谓语动词。此处应用现在分词作状语,表示伴随状况,故改hope为hoping。
第五处:view→views。考查名词。different后应接名词的复数形式,故改view为views。
第六处:was→is。考查时态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时,此处陈述的是客观情况,应用一般现在时,故改was 为is。
第七处:unless→if/when。考查连词。连词if表示条件,根据语境可知,此处表示如果作业太难, 孩子们无法应 对,家长帮助他们是有益的。此处表示假设,故改unless为if。此处也可用when引导时间状语从句。
第八处:or→and。考查连词。本句有两个谓语relieve和build up,它们之间是并列关系,不是选择关系,故改or 为and。
第九处:去掉off。考查介词。此处表示这是父母更好地了解孩子的一种好方法。know sb. better表示"更好地 了解某人",better off 是well off的"比较级",意为"更富有的",不符合句意。故去掉介词off。
第十处:在relationship前加the。考查冠词。此处特指父母与子女间的关系。故在relationship前加the。
Ⅴ. 书面表达
Dear Tom,
I’m glad that you are interested in our practical courses about traditional culture. Now, I’d like to share some details with you.
There are a variety of practical courses, among which racing the dragon boat and making zongzi are my favorite. The reasons are as follows. First of all, these are the traditional activities in the Dragon Boat Festival. This Festival was set in honor of an ancient Chinese poet Qu Yuan, whose poems can inspire people’s love of their country. Second, racing together can cultivate our team spirit, which is vital to our future success. Last but not least, learning to make zongzi can raise our awareness of developing traditional food.
Through these courses, I have a better understanding of our culture and our country. I made up my mind to make greater contributions to our motherland.
Yours,
Li Hua
