2017-2018学年高考英语人教版（必修5） Unit5 First aid

人教版必修5
I. 根据下列汉语或首字母提示填写单词
1. They are a ? to the government for money to build a new hall.
2. He was so lucky to escape the heavy accident without i ?.
3. This kind of mushrooms contains a deadly p ?. You can’t eat them.
4. You have three layers of skin which act as a b ? against disease, poisons and the sun’s harmful rays.
5. If you promise to help me with my maths every weekend, I will t ? you to a big dinner.
6. This book mainly refers to ?(不同种类) of English spoken in different places of the world.
7. We drove two hours to attend the opening c ? of the final festival.
8. More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket because it offers a great v ? of goods.
9. There are too many cars on the roads. I think there should be ?(紧的) restrictions on car numbers.
10. He slowed the bleeding by applying p ? to the wounds.
【参考答案】
1. applying 2. injury 3. poison 4. barrier 5. treat
6. varieties 7. ceremony 8. variety 9. tight 10. pressure
II. 单句语法填空
1.You’d better 　　　(tease) her. Because it is impolite of you to make fun of others.
2.Though he 　　　(promise), he didn’t turn up.
3.—I haven’t finished my paper yet. What should I do?
—Well, you ought 　　　ahead of time.
4. ????????? we arrived at the bus stop even one minute late, we would have missed the bus.
5.I persuade you should do whatever you can 　　　(favor)the people who live a hard life.
6.Tom often has nothing to do but 　　　(scream) every time I drop in on him.
7.—I’m sorry for having been so rude to you.
—That’s OK. I am sure you didn’t 　　　(mean).
8.—How are you getting along with your preparations for the journey?
—Everything goes better than 　　　(plan).
9.I cannot help but 　　　(offer) him another chance.
10.________(be) I a bird, I would fly to see you at once.
【参考答案】
1.not tease 2.promised to 3.to have 4.Had 5.to favor
6.scream 7.mean to 8.planned 9.offer 10.Were
III. 用所给词的正确形式填空
1. Electronic wastes also contain many ________ (poison) metals.
2. I raised my left arm to protect my face；the beast held ________ (tight) on the tripod and pressed it into my side.
3. Such a blood ________ (press) is normal for a person of his age.
4.He was very brave about his operation. His ________ (brave) moved us deeply.
5.I shall tell her ________ (firm) that it is not any business of hers.
6.We like to live a life full of ________ and men’s tastes are ________.(vary)
7.Wood often ________ when wet and rivers always get ________ with melted snow.(swell)
8.Tom received a slight ________ while many other people got ________ in the accident.(injure)
9.He ________ himself to a long holiday before he received a special ________ for his nose.(treat)
10.I don’t know why so many ________ have handed in their ________ to apply for such an easy job：________ the ointment(药膏) to the wound.(apply)
【参考答案】
IV. 单项填空
1. If you apply yourself to ____________ about the problem, you’ll soon solve it.
A. think B. be thought
C. thinking D. thought
【答案】C　
【解析】apply oneself to...专心于……，致力于……，其中to是介词，因此其后的动词应用v-ing形式。
2. The report about the ___________ surprised all the ___________.
A. present situation; people present B. present situation; present people
C. situation present; people who present D. situation present; present people
【答案】A　
【解析】第一个空present意为＂目前的，现在的＂，常作前置定语；第二个空present意为＂出席的，到场的＂，常作后置定语。故选A。
3. Only by discovering what we do best can we hope to reach our goals and truly ___________.
A. make difference B. make clear
C. make a difference D. make sense
【答案】C　
【解析】make a difference起作用，有影响。句意：只有发掘我们的长处，我们才能有希望达到目标并真正有所影响。
4. The police took every security measure to prevent the president ___________.
A. to be murdered B. from being murdered
C. from murdering D. murdering
【答案】B　
【解析】prevent...from doing意为＂阻止……做某事＂，但总统是被谋杀，所以用被动语态。
5. The university started some new language programs to ____________ the country’s Silk Road Economic Belt.
A. apply to B. cater for
C. appeal to D. hunt for
【答案】B
6. Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century____________ his musical gift was fully recognized.
A. while B. though
C. that D. after
【答案】C
【解析】句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被认可。but之后是一个强调not until 引导的时间状语从句的强调句，即It is/was not until that …，故选C项。
7. It is so cold that you can’t go outside ____________ fully covered in thick clothes.
A. if B. unless
C. once D. when
【答案】B
【解析】句意：外面太冷了，你不要出去，除非你用厚衣服把自己完全裹起来。unless fully covered…为＂连词+省略结构＂，补充完整为unless you are fully covered…，故选B。
8. Lessons can be learned to face the future, ____________ history cannot be changed.
A. though B. as
C. since D. unless
【答案】A
【解析】句意：虽然历史不可改变，但是可以吸取教训来应对未来。根据句意可知，前后句之间为转折关系，故用连词though连接。
9. Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay ____________.
A. in place B. in order
C. in shape D. in fashion
【答案】C
【解析】句意：汤姆每天早上总是慢跑，他通常也做俯卧撑来保持健康。in place在适当的位置；in order按顺序；in shape处于良好状态，健康；in fashion流行，实行。根据句意可知选C。
10. If ____________ for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
A. to accept B. accept
C. accepting D. accepted
【答案】D
【名师点睛】本题暗含了状语从句的省略和非谓语动词的用法两个知识点。应牢记现在分词表主动或进行，过去分词表被动或完成，不定式表将要执行的动作。做好此类题需要牢记句子中省略的成分，还有主语和动词之间的关系。
I. 阅读理解
A
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。
A schoolgirl saved her father’s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic (过敏的) reaction which stopped his heart.
Izzy, nine, restarted father Colm’s heart by stamping (踩) on his chest after he fell down at home and stopped breathing.
Izzy’s mother, Debbie, immediately called 999 but Izzy knew doctors would never arrive in time to save her father, so decided to use CPR.
However, she quickly discovered her arms weren’t strong enough, so she stamped on her father’s chest instead.
Debbie then took over with some more conventional chest compressions (按压) until the ambulance arrived.
Izzy, who has been given a bravery award by her school, said: ＂I just kicked him really hard. My mum taught me CPR but I knew I wasn’t strong enough to use hands. I was quite scared. The doctor said I might as well be a doctor or a nurse. My mum said that Dad was going to hospital with a big footprint on his chest.＂
＂She’s a little star,＂ said Debbie. ＂I was really upset but Izzy just took over. I just can’t believe what she did. I really think all children should be taught first aid. Izzy did CPR then the doctor turned up. Colm had to have more treatment on the way to the hospital and we’ve got to see an expert.＂
Truck driver Colm, 35, suffered a mystery allergic reaction on Saturday and was taken to hospital, but was sent home only for it to happen again the next day. The second attack was so serious that his airway swelled, preventing him from breathing, his blood pressure dropped suddenly, and his heart stopped for a moment.
He has now made a full recovery from his suffering.
1. Izzy kicked her father in the chest 　　　　.
A. to express her helplessness
B. to practise CPR on him
C. to keep him awake
D. to restart his heart
2. What’s the right order of the events?
①Izzy kicked Colm.
②Debbie called 999.
③Izzy learned CPR.
④Colm’s heart stopped.
A. ③①②④ B. ④②③①
C. ③④②① D. ④③①②
3. What does Paragraph 8 mainly talk about?
A. What Colm suffered.
B. Colm’s present condition.
C. What caused Colm’s allergy.
D. Symptoms of Colm’s allergic reaction.
4. Why does the author write the news?
A. To describe a serious accident.
B. To prove the importance of CPR.
C. To report a 9-year-old girl’s brave act.
D. To call people’s attention to allergic reaction.
【文章大意】本文为新闻报道。文中报道了9岁女童勇敢救父的故事。Izzy的父亲因过敏反应心脏停止工作，Izzy采取急救措施挽救了父亲的生命。
B
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What makes people successful? Take a look around and talk to your friends and seniors who are very successful, you will see all of them have adopted certain values which have proved important for their success.
It is evident that successful people take initiative(主动性).When they find something needs to be done, they never hesitate to do it. 1 . they weigh immediately what has to be done and then do it with pleasure thus strengthening their reputation.
Successful people do things with great enthusiasm, especially when they believe in what they are doing. They are motivated by their own satisfaction and the joy they get from doing their work. 2 .
They do not fear failure. Failures and disappointments in life are unavoidable. 3 .Successful people pick themselves up after a fall and try again with more determination and commitment and learn from each failure. They associate with those they can learn from and enjoy the company of those appreciating their achievement.
Having good IQ often gets a person what he wants but it’s really the EQ that keeps him there and helps him enjoy a high reputation. 4 .By giving respect to others, they command respect for themselves.
5 . It’s better to praise others and win favor with them. So instead of complaining about a situation, successful people always try to solve it.
A. Successful people never complain
B. Successful person don’t make excuses.
C. They work hard even when no one is watching
D. They believe that responsibility is taken, not given
E. it’s failure that teaches us much more than success
F. It’s hard to be successful if you don’t trust the people around you
G. Successful people are polite to everyone and treat others with respect
【文章大意】文章讲述了一些成功人士都有一些共有品质。
而是努力去解决事情。与A项内容吻合，故选A。
II.完形填空
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A Race Against Death
It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.
On the 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 1 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 2 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 3 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.
How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 4 was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship. Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 5 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.
6 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twenty more were 7 . Nome’s town officials came up with a(n) 8 . They would have the medicine sent by 9 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers — known as ＂mushers＂ — would 10 it to Nome in a relay(接力).
The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from the train at Nenana and rode all night. 11 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannon’s face was black from the extreme cold.
On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 12 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 13 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 14 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across.
A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles of snow blocked his 15 . He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 16 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasen’s lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 17 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. If Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 18 . He had found the trail.
At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 19 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered.
Nome had been 20 .
1. A. examined B. warned C. interviewed D. cured
2. A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless
3. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However
4. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border
5. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty
6. A. From B. On C. By D. After
7. A. tired B. upset C. pale D. sick
8. A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic
9. A. air B. rail C. sea D. road
10. A. carry B. return C. mail D. give
11. A. Though B. Since C. When D. If
12. A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross
13. A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish
14. A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die
15. A. memory B. exit C. way D. destination
16. A. find B. fix C. pass D. change
17. A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning
18. A. run B. leave C. bite D. play
19. A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived
20. A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developed
【文章大意】文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1 月份的阿拉斯加北部极其寒冷，由于大雪，诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一种致命的传染病——白喉。为了拯救孩子们，人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终，人们通过狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。
4.C A.airport机场； B.station车站；C. harbor 港口；D.border边境。根据＂so it couldn’t come by ship＂可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。
5.B A.narrow狭窄的；B. snowy被雪覆盖的；C.busy繁忙的；D.dirty脏的。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。
6.C A. From从，自；B. On在……上面；C. By通过，在……之前；D. After在……之后。＂by+时间＂与完成时连用，后跟过去的时间，用过去完成时；跟将来的时间，用将来完成时，故选C。
7.D A. tired劳累的；B. upset难过的；C. pale苍白的；D. sick生病的。4个孩子相继去世，还有20几个孩子患病，故选D。
8.A A. plan计划；B. excuse借口；C. message信息；D. topic话题。当地的官员想到了一个计划，故选A。
9.B A. air空气；B. rail栏杆，铁轨；C. sea海洋；D. road道路。根据下一段中的＂from the train at Nenana＂可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana，故选B。
10.A A. carry运送，携带；B. return返回，归还；C. mail邮寄；D. give给。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆，故选A。
16.A A. find找到；B. fix固定，安装；C. pass通过；D. change改变。当时的天气状况极差，Seppala找到雪橇轨道是不可能的，只能靠他的狗，故选A。
17.B A. pretending假装；B. trying努力；C. asking问，要求；D. learning学会。Seppala的狗努力嗅着其它狗的气味，故选B。
18.A A. run跑；B. leave离开；C. bite咬；D. play玩耍。Seppala的狗找到了轨道，开始奔跑起来，故选A。
19.D A. gathered聚集；B. stayed保持；C. camped露营；D. arrived到达。arrive in sp到达某地，这里指终于到达诺姆，故选D。
20.B A. controlled控制；B. saved拯救；C. founded建立；D. developed发展。所有的孩子都得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选B。
III.语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
My most 　1　(embarrass) moment occurred last month. I was invited to attend an interview for a job as a hotel receptionist(接待员). I arrived on time and was shown into the manager’s by an assistant. I was so nervous __2__ I didn’t catch the manager’s name. The interview began. ＂Do you have any previous experience in hotels?＂ asked the manager. ＂No, sir, ＂I said. The manager frowned(皱眉). ＂Are you good at using computers?＂＂Yes, sir. I am familiar 　3　 most kinds of popular software.＂The manager frowned again. He didn’t look like a friendly person. The interview continued. Every answer I gave 　4　(receive) by a frown from the manager, even though I told him about my 　5　(society) skills, my knowledge of French and so on. 　6　 (obvious), I was doing very badly. At last, the interview came to a close. ＂One final question,＂ said the manager.＂ 　7　 good is your eyesight?＂＂Excellent, sir,＂I replied.＂Very well,＂said the manager,
＂thank you for coming.＂ I stood up to shake hands. When the manager stood up as well, I realized what I had been doing wrong. The gentleman, 　8　I had been calling ＂sir＂, during the whole interview 　9　(wear)a skirt! The manager was a woman! I didn’t get __10_ job. Zx￥xk
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了自己面试的经历，由于自己的紧张而导致面试没有成功。
1. embarrassing
6. Obviously
IV.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
For a person, the belief always plays an important role in his life. Anyone who has a strong belief can enjoy a colorfully life. Otherwise, he will lose him in his own way of life. The Belief is so important what it can change one’s fate. Marie Curie, famous scientist, also has set a good example. In 1898, Marie find a new element. In order to improve her discovery, Marie and her husband worked hardly. At last they saw at the dim blue light of new element-radium, which made her dream came true.
To my personal view, it can be seen that one with firmly-held belief is likely to getting successful and master his own life.
【答案】
For a person, the belief always plays an important role in his life. Anyone who has a strong belief can enjoy a life. Otherwise, he will lose in his own way of life. The Belief is so important it can change one’s fate. Marie Curie, famous scientist, also has set a good example. In 1898, Marie ?a new element. In order to improve her discovery, Marie and her husband worked . At last they sawthe dim blue light of new element-radium, which made her dream true.
my personal view, it can be seen that one with firmly-held belief is likely to successful and master his own life.
?【解析】
第一处：考查形容词。因此处是修饰后面的名词life，作名词的定语，所以该用形容词。故colorfully改为color。
1. (2017·天津) It was when I got back to my apartment ______ I first came across my new neighbors.
　A. who B. where
　C. which D. that
【答案】D
【解析】句意：当我回到我的公寓的时候，我首先遇见了我的新邻居。根据关键词It was开头，后面连词首选that，构成强调句型，但需要验证，本句中去掉It was 和that，句意完整，所以确定是强调句 型。故选D。
2.（2017?江苏） _______ not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
　A. It were B. Were it
　C. It was D. Was it
【答案】B
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。虚拟语气中，be动词统一用were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把if省
略，同时把were/should/had提前，即Were /Should/ Had I...，故选B。句意：要不是老师们的支持，该生是无法克服她自己的困难的。
3. (2016·浙江)____________ online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
A. Since B. After
C. While D. Unless
【答案】C
【解析】句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步状语从句，意为＂尽管，虽然＂；since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非。故选C。
4. (2016·北京)I really enjoy listening to music ____________ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.
A. because B. before
C. unless D. until
【答案】A
5. (2016·浙江)Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths ____________ since their highest in 2005.
A. had not fallen B. would not fall
C. did not fall D. would not have fallen
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡就不会从2005年的最高点下降。使用虚拟语气，if条件句用的had done，而且省略if，将had提前，主句用would have done表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选D。
6. (2016·浙江)—The movie starts at 8:30, and we can have a quick bite before we go.
—____________. See you at 8:10.
A. So long B. Sounds great
C. Good luck D. Have a good time
【答案】B
【解析】句意：＂电影在八点半开始，我们走之前可以迅速吃点东西。＂＂听起来很棒。8：10见。＂sounds great实际上是省略句，完整的句子是＂The idea sounds great.＂，即同意上文提出的建议。故选B。
7. (2016·北京)____________it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
A. Made B. Make
C. Making D. To make
【答案】D
【规律总结】动词不定式作目的状语的三个特点：
一、句意上的特点 不定式用作目的状语时，其句意特点很明显，通常在译成中文时可用＂为了＂来表示。
二、结构上的特点 不定式用作目的状语有两个可能的位置，一是在句首，二是在句末。一般说来，用于句首属于强调用法，即强调动词的目的。
三、语法上的特点 从语法上看，不定式表示目的通常是指发生在谓语动作之后的动作，也就是说，若以谓语动作发生的时间为标准，用作目的状语的不定式是一个尚未发生的将来动作。
8. (2016·天津)You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel ____________the coach picks up tourists.
A. who B. which
　C. where D. that
【答案】 D
【解析】句意：你在一个错误的地方等待。大客车是在旅店接送游客的。＂It is/was+强调部分+that+其他＂是强调句型。题干强调的是地点状语at the hotel。
9. (2016·天津)The manager put forward a suggestion ____________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.
A. whether B. that
　C. which D. what
【答案】B
10. (2016·浙江)When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt ____________ from the world.
A. carried away B. broken down
C. cut off D. brought up
【答案】C
【解析】句意：当孩子远离他们生活的时候，这些老人感觉和世界隔绝了。carry away带走，夺走；break down崩溃，破坏，抛锚，分解；cut off切断；bring up养育，培养。故选C。