状语从句检测卷
（时间50分钟；满分100分）
班级_________________姓名_____________考号_________________得分_______________________
I 语言知识及应用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 【吉林省长春市2018届高三一模】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
When I was just out of college,I managed to get my dream job as a trader in New York City on the floor of the American Stock（股票）exchange.
Though it was a proud___1___,the job was simply too physically___2___一I must stand in a crowd every day,which often___3___me in a mindset（心态）that held me back.
Manhattan is a walking town and it's difficult to___4___when you have a disability.Taxis are expensive and riding the subway___5___dozens of steep steps to get below___6___.This left me only one___7___—the bus.
One night,after the___8___for my job,I was aching with self-pity___9___it started to rain on my walk to the bus stop.I became more and more___10___without an umbrella,thinking I'd never___11___it in this city.Telling myself,"this city is just too hard" and "maybe it is just not possible for a guy like me".
And then,I___12___the most beautiful,short moment.A couple came rolling by on roller skates,hand___13___hand as they skated what seemed like the tango.They were all wet but they saw the___14___as an opportunity and romance.
I suddenly became grateful for waiting in the rain because I___15___have missed this beauty___16___if I had been in a taxi or on the subway.This,although___17___,was an important moment on my journey to discovering the___18___of achieving health and happiness.When I change my mindset,___19___for a moment,to what is possible and work to get rid of the self-limiting beliefs that___20___my daily actions,I will be on the road to a healthier,happier life.
1. A. adjustment B. achievement C. agreement D. treatment
2. A. tiring B. boring C. relaxing D. disappointing
3. A. reminded B. expected C. took D. left
4. A. go up B. get around C. set off D. show up
5. A. requests B. supports C. requires D. surrounds
6. A. ground B. street C. town D. city
7. A. change B. chance C. idea D. choice
8. A. struggle B. work C. experience D. influence
9. A. before B. while C. when D. after
10. A. nervous B. curious C. scared D. upset
11. A. get B. make C. put D. watch
12. A. recalled B. observed C. witnessed D. realized
13. A. on B. by C. to D. in
14. A. rain B. tree C. wind D. cloud
15. A. shall B. would C. need D. must
16. A. exactly B. instantly C. entirely D. suddenly
17. A. strange B. small C. normal D. different
18. A. humor B. honesty C. power D. principle
19. A. still B. yet C. also D. even
20. A. affect B. follow C. forbid D. harm
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. B
12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. D 20. A
3. 考查动词辨析。句意：我每天都必须站在人群中，这常常让我有想退缩的心态。remind提醒；expect预期；take拿，带走；leave离开,留下。“leave+sb.+宾补”表示“让某人……”。故选D.
4. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：曼哈顿是一个步行小镇，你有残疾的话很难四处走动。go up上升；get around传播，随便走走；set off出发；show up出现，到场。结合语境可知get around最合适。故选B.
5. 考查动词辨析。句意：出租车很贵，乘坐地铁需要几十个陡峭的台阶才能到达地下。request请求；support支持；require需要，要求；surround围绕。根据句意可知只有require符合语境。故选C.
6. 考查名词辨析及生活常识。句意：出租车很贵，乘坐地铁需要几十个陡峭的台阶才能到达地下。ground地面；street街道；town城镇；city城市。根据本句中“the subway”以及常识可知，乘坐地铁在地面下。故选A.
10. 考查形容词辨析。句意：没有雨伞，我变得越来越沮丧，心想我不会在这个城市里成功了。nervous紧张不安的；curious好奇的；scared害怕的；upset心烦的，沮丧的。下雨天由于没有雨伞让作者心情沮丧。故选D.
11. 考查固定搭配。句意：没有雨伞，我变得越来越沮丧，心想我不会在这个城市里成功了。get得到；make使得，制造；put放；watch观察，注意。Make it表示“达成目标，成功，做成某事”。故选B.
12. 考查动词辨析。句意：然后，我目睹了最美丽、最短暂的时刻。recall召回，回想；observe观察；witness目击；realize认识到。根据下文介绍一对夫妇的画面，可知是作者看到的。故选C.
13. 考查介词及固定搭配。句意：一对夫妇穿着溜冰鞋，手拉着手，他们溜冰的时候像是在跳探戈舞。hand in hand手拉手，携手，是固定搭配。故选D.
14. 考查名词辨析。句意：他们都是湿的，但他们把雨当成是一个机会和浪漫。rain雨；tree树；wind风；cloud云。根据上文提到下起了雨，可知此处这对夫妇把雨当成一种浪漫。故选A.
15. 考查情态动词及虚拟语气。句意：我突然对在雨中等待感到感激，因为如果我在出租车或地铁上，我会完全错过这美景。shall应，将；would将，将要；need需要；must必须，一定。根据句子分析可知，此处是虚拟句，if引导的对过去的虚拟，if+主语+did/were to do /should do,主语+should /would /could do.该处用would表示最准确。故选B.
16. 考查副词辨析。句意：我突然对在雨中等待感到感激，因为如果我在出租车或地铁上，我会完全错过这美景。exactly正是，恰好；instantly立即，马上；entirely完全地；suddenly突然。根据语境可知，作者觉得如果乘坐其他交通工具就完全错过了这一幕。故选C.
20. 考查动词辨析。句意：当我改变我的心态，即使是片刻，去做可能的事情，去为摆脱那些影响我日常行为的自我限制的信念而工作，我都将会走上一条更健康、更快乐的生活之路。affect影响；follow跟随；forbid禁止；harm伤害。根据句意可知此处表示“影响”我的正常行为。故选A.
第二节 语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
21．(2015·江苏高考)It is so cold that you can’t go outside ________ fully covered in thick clothes.
22．(2015·湖南高考)________ the job takes a significant amount of time, most students agree that the experience is worth it.
23．(2015·北京高考)You won’t find paper cutting difficult ________ long as you keep practicing it.
24．(2015·北京高考)________ the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
25．(2015·浙江高考)Just ________ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
26．(2015·重庆高考)If you miss this chance, it may be years ________ you get another one.
27．(2015·陕西高考)I believe you will have a wonderful time here ________ you get to know everyone else.
28．(2015·四川高考)There is only one more day to go ________ your favorite music group play live.
29．(2015·天津高考)We need to get to the root of the problem ________ we can solve it.
30．(2015·安徽高考)________ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don’t know.
【答案解析】
21．unless [句意：外面很冷，如果你不穿着厚衣服的话你不能出去。unless 除非，如果不。该题实际上也考查了状语从句的省略，其完整形式为 unless you are fully...]
22．While/Although/Though [句意：虽然这项工作花费大量的时间，但是大部分的学生认为这次经历是值得的。while/although/though虽然，符合句意。]
23．as/so [句意：只要你坚持练习剪纸，你就不会觉得剪纸难了。as/so long as只要，符合句意。]
24．Once [句意：一旦造成损害，要花费许多年的时间耕地才能恢复。once一旦，符合句意。]
25．as [句意：正如一个单词可以改变句子的意义一样，一个句子也可以改变一段的意义。just as正如，正像，符合句意。]
II阅读 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 阅读理解 (共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【广东省中山市第一中学2017届高三上学期第一次统测】
When you're on the go, your best friend and resource can be your phone. In the age of smart phones, apps are like guiding stars: They can point you in the right direction for a hotel, list expenses, send postcards, and much more. When used together, these apps can be the basic travel tool, placing a wealth of information at your fingertips no matter where you are on the planet.?U.S. News?Travel?has picked the essential travel apps, known for their utility and reliability. Best of all, they cost absolutely nothing.
Trip It
Your Personal Travel Agent
Be your own travel agent and plan every detail of your trip—from car rental to accomadating
restaurants—with?Trip It. You can make travel schedule by hand, or simply forward the email confirmations of your flight, rental car, train tickets, and hotels to plans.
Weather Free
Your Go-To Meteorologist(气象学者)
Stop trying to explain the weather forecast on the evening news (particularly when it's in a foreign language). The?Weather Free?app informs you (in English) of the climate in various locations. It features the local weather, and other key factors that will inform your decision about what to wear before stepping outside.
Goby
Your Event Guru
When you're in a foreign city, you sometimes look around and ask: Where are all the people? Goby?has the answer. This app pinpoints the neighborhood hot spots (including museums, hotels, eateries, and more) in your neighborhood. But its true value comes in finding nearby events. You'll discover concerts, plays, and more right around the corner.
31. What is the advantage of using travel apps picked by the U.S. News?Travel?
A. They can solve any problem you come across.
B. They reduce your travel budget.
C. They exercise your fingertips.
D. They are reliable and free of charge.
32. With the help of the travel apps used together, travelers can do the following things EXCEPT__________.
A. rent a car B. decide what to wear
C. look for a friend while traveling D. find the nearby museums
33. Where are the readers likely to read the passage above?
A. In a geography textbook B. In a science fiction
C. On a popular website D. In a business report
【解析】
试题分析：本文介绍了美国旅游新闻网站上选出的几款最佳手机旅游应用。
31.D细节题。根据首段最后二句“U.S. News Travel has picked the essential travel apps, known for their utility and reliability. Best of all, they cost absolutely nothing.”可知D正确。?
32.C细节题。根据第二段“forward the email confirmations of your flight, rental car;”第三段 “inform your decision about what to wear” 和第四段“pinpoints the neighborhood hot spots (including museums”可知A、B、D包括在内。故选C。
33.C考查文章出处。文章主要向读者推荐好用的旅游app，故C正确。
B
【安徽省滁州市2018届高三9月联合质量检测】C
Steven Jobs,the designer of Apple Computer,was not clever when he was in school.At that time,he was not a good student and he always made troubles with his schoolmates.When he went into college,he didn't change a lot. Then he dropped out（退学）.But he was full of new ideas.
After he left college,Steven Jobs worked as a video game designer.He worked there for only several months and then he went to India.He hoped that the trip would give him some new ideas and give him a change in his life.
Steven Jobs lived on a farm in California for a year after he returned from India.
In 1975,he began to make a new type of computer.He designed the Apple Computer with his friend in his garage.He chose the name "Apple" just because it could help him to remember a happy summer he once spent in an apple tree garden. .
His Apple Computer was so successful that Steven Jobs soon became famous all over the world.
He often said,"I live in order to change the world;there aren't any other reasons.The only way to have a great achievement is to love your own career.If you can't find your favorite career,go on looking for it and never give up."
This is Steven Jobs.Though he is dead,his spirit and achievements still influence our lives.
34. Why was Steven Jobs not a good student in school?
A. He never did his lessons.
B. He dropped out.
C. He always made troubles with his schoolmates.
D. He was full of new ideas.
35. Why did Steven Jobs go to India?
A. To be a video game designer. B. To get some new ideas.
C. To make a new type of computer. D. To have a happy summer.
36. What made Steven Jobs famous all over the world?
A. His new ideas. B. His Apple Computer.
C. His video games. D. His saying.
37. What can we know about Steven Jobs from this passage?
A. He didn't finish his studies in the college because he hated his schoolmates.
B. He liked traveling in India and California.
C. He liked trying new things and making his new ideas come true.
D. He thought he had many reasons to live in the world.
36. 细节理解题。根据His Apple Computer was so successful that Steven Jobs soon became famous all over the world.可知史蒂夫?乔布斯的苹果电脑使他闻名于全世界，所以选B。
37. 归纳理解题。根据短文大意可知乔布斯总是有新的想法，并使之实现。故选C。
【湖北省部分重点中学2017届高三上学期起点考试】
Parents will do anything for their children. Whether it would be the food, clothes, or the place they live, parents will always make sure their children have the best of everything. One of the biggest concerns that parents currently have is educating their children. They are faced with lots of difficulties when it comes to education for their young ones. Choices include private school, charter school, public school or homeschooling.
Fortunately for parents, there are a variety of different strategies that a parent can take in order to increase their child's skills and overall intelligence. According to Ross A. Thompson, PhD, professor of psychology at the University of California at Davis, a child's brain will actually reach 90% of its full size by the time they start kindergarten.
Researchers at Northwestern University in Chicago concluded that playing a musical instrument directly affected the brain stem, the lower section of the brain. Moreover, children that learn an instrument at an early age tend to continue it when they are older. And numerous studies show that a well balanced meal is essential for a child's mental and physical health. It is recommended that parents teach their children two languages at once. Research suggests that a second language should be taught when children are in preschool. Other studies state that three to four years of age is the perfect time. Clearly, any age under four would work perfectly fine for a child.
The average child will learn how to read between kindergarten and second grade. Many parents can give their children a jump start by teaching them to read before they start school. Children could have an adequate background of the alphabet and sounds of words before attending school. This can be done by simply reading to them whenever you want. The more comfortable they get, the easier the process will be.
38. From the first paragraph, we can infer that .
A. parents find it hard to satisfy their kids' various demands
B. parents meet a new challenge when raising their kids
C. parents have more choices in offering education to their kids
D. parents get actively involved in the process of their kids' growth
39. What suggestion may the researchers in the passage make?
A. To train kids as early as possible.
B. To try as many means as possible.
C. To help kids develop as fully as possible.
D. To use as many available resources as possible.
40. We can replace the words “jump start” in the last paragraph with .
A. inspiration B. introduction C. suggestion D. promotion
39.A 考查推理判断题。根据第三段提到Research suggests that a second language should be taught when children are in preschool. Other studies state that three to four years of age is the perfect time研究表明，孩子的教育应该在学前就已经开始，四岁是最佳的年龄，故选A项。
40.D 考查词意猜测。根据这句话提到Many parents can give their children a jump start by teaching them to read before they start school许多父母通过在上学之前就教给孩子阅读，希望有个大的提升，故选D项。
考点 ：科普类阅读。
第二节 【吉林省长春市2018届高三一模】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Summer is the perfect time to relax.As you plan for your trip,here are some tips on how to protect yourself. ___41___.
Fight against the mosquitoes in the hot spots.
There are many mosquito-borne illnesses in tropical regions,which are traditionally vacation hot spots. Therefore,mosquito repellent（驱蚊剂）that contains DEET should be an essential item in your travel bag.
__42___.
In lesser-developed countries there is less equipment for clean water and public health.If you can't avoid unhealthful water,make sure you bring along a tea or coffee—making pot that will boil water for you.You'd better buy a case or two of water and check that all bottle caps are sealed to assure the bottled water isn't just a refilled bottle of dirty tap water.
Always protect your feet.
It's best to wear slippers in the shower,but if you must be barefoot,put a towel down on the floor.___43___.You should never walk barefoot in any area of a foreign country,including your hotel room.
Be sure to eat safe fruits.
___44___.They may have been washed in the same water,or wiped with the same rag used to clean work surfaces in kitchens.The best advice is to bring your own peeler（削皮器）so that you know that something clean has been applied to the fruit.
Enjoy the smell of roadside stands,not the food.
Unless the food is piping hot when served,it's best to stay away from roadside stands,no matter how good the smell of the food might be.If you are concerned about whether a restaurant is clean,order the food to go.___45___.
A.Don't trust the local water
B.Any fruit served fresh may be polluted
C.Look out for any water not served in a bottle
D.The boxes may be cleaner than the plate or fork on the table
E.You should know how to keep yourself away from dirty fruits
F.They are necessary to avoid coming back with a major illness from your trip
G.Parasites（寄生虫）can enter the skin of your feet and travel to different parts of the body
【解析】这篇短文介绍你们经常去旅游，在旅游时我们要注意保护自己，就出游时的自我保护提出一些建议。
41. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根据本段提到夏天是放松的最佳时间，这里有一些建议关于如何保护你自己。下文是具体建议。因此F项“他们对于避免在旅途中带着大病回来是有必要的。”符合语境。故选F.
42. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根据下段内容是关于旅游地的水不健康，要自己带水或者煮水的工具，可知A项“不要相信当地的水”可以概括下一段的内容。故选A.
43. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根据本段标题“保护好你的脚”以及上句意思提到不要赤脚，可知G项“寄生虫可以进入你脚部的皮肤，并传播到身体的不同部位。”符合语境。故选G.
44.
45. 考查上下文理解推理能力。根据本段标题“享受路边摊的气味，而不是食物。”以及本段提到远离路边摊，不管气味多么好，可知D项“这些盒子可能比桌子上的盘子或叉子更干净。”符合语境。故选D.
III 写作 (满分25分)
【河南省中原名校（即豫南九校）2018届高三第二次质量考评试题】假定你是李华，你的美国笔友Peter邀请你下周去他们学校参加文化交流活动，并向外国朋友介绍中国的传统绘画。但你忙于准备国庆节演出，不得不谢绝。请根据下面要点用英语写一封信，内容包括：
1.谢绝邀请及理由；
2.推荐朋友李明参加，并说明原因。
注意：词数100左右； 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Peter,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
I’m Li Hua. Thanks a lot for your invitation to your cultural exchange program. I really want to accept it and take this opportunity to introduce the traditional Chinese painting to foreign friends, but I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t. the reason is that I am occupied preparing performance for the coming National Day.
I strongly recommended my friend Li Ming, who is the most suitable person to take my place next week. He began to learn paining at an early age and has a good knowledge of the traditional Chinese painting, which, along with his active personality and perfect spoken English, will help make your activity a success.
Sorry again for any inconvenience caused by my absence.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【亮点说明】这篇短文使用了一些高级句型。例如the reason is that I am occupied preparing performance for the coming National Day.这里含有一个表语从句。I strongly recommended my friend Li Ming, who is the most suitable person to take my place next week.这里含有一个定语从句。He began to learn paining at an early age and has a good knowledge of the traditional Chinese painting, which, along with his active personality and perfect spoken English, will help make your activity a success. 这里含有一个定语从句。
状语从句
语法知识精练
I．单句填空
1.【2017·北京】28. If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people _______ you figure it out.
2. 【2017·北京】25. ______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes.
3.【2017· 江苏】23. Located _______ the Belt meets the Road, Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction.
4．(2016·天津高考)I learned that ________ you fall in love with something and do it all the time，you will get better at it.
5．(2016·全国Ⅰ)However，Mexicans may use silence________instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her.
6．(2016·全国Ⅰ)For example，Let’s number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26________ we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”
7．(2016·江苏高考)________you do，don’t be a bystander.Get involved.
8．(2016·山东青岛一模)We need some more facts and figures________we make the final decision.
9．(2016·福建东山二中期中)—________you like that latest type of car so much, why not buy it?
—Well, I can’t afford so expensive a car.It is worth 200，000 yuan.
10．(2016·山东淄博一中期中)—Do you have time？I’ve got something to tell you.
—OK，________you make your story short.
11．(2016·安徽江淮十校一联)________left unsolved, the problem of food safety may lead to more serious results.
12．(2016·四川成都七中二诊)The users of this new mobile phone can type in e－mails or long texts easily________they happen to be.
13．(2016·辽宁锦州期末)Any measure of an ad’s performance is entirely pointless________it could be viewed by a person.
14．(2016·辽宁葫芦岛调研)It took what seemed to be years________the actress finally turned up, which made the journalists as well as audiences disappointed and angry.
15．(2016·安徽江南十校联考)—Darling, hand me the new suit.My coat may be a little casual for the lecture.
—Why bother？I think you can go ________you are.
4．if [句意：我了解到如果你喜欢上什么事情而且一直做，你会越来越擅长。that后为宾语从句，宾语从句又含有一从句，前后为假设关系，所以用if。]
5．when 6.If 7.Whatever
8．before [句意：我们还需要一些事实和数据才能做出最后的决定。根据句意填before。]
9．Since [句意：——既然你那么喜欢那款最新款的汽车，那为什么不买呢？——哦，我买不起那么贵的车。它值20万元呢。根据语境和题干中的why not可知此处应该用Since。]
10．if [句意：——你有时间吗？我有事要告诉你。——好吧，只要你长话短说。根据对话的语境可知此处表达做某事的条件，所以填if。]
11．If [句意：如果食品安全问题被任由不解决，就会导致更严重的后果。这是一个状语从句的省略，完整的句子是：If the problem of food safety is left unsolved，...当主从句的主语一致的时候，可以省略从句中的主语和be动词，答案为If。]
12．wherever [句意：这种新手机的用户可以容易地输入电子邮件或长的信息，无论他们在哪里。这里是让步状语从句，wherever＝no matter where，故答案为wherever。]
13．unless [句意：如果没人看，广告的任何表现形式都是完全没有意义的。考查条件状语从句。根据句意填unless。]
14．before [句意：似乎用了好几年的时间这位女演员才最终出现，这使得记者和观众既失望又气愤。考查时间状语从句。根据句型it takes some time before...可知填before。]
15．as [句意：——亲爱的，把那套新西服递给我，我的外套对于上课来说也许有点随意。——别麻烦了，我认为你可以就这样去。考查方式状语从句。as you are你现在的样子。]
II．语法填空（语篇填空）【吉林省长春市2018届高三一模】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jin Hanmiao,a first grader from China,received a reply letter from Buckingham Palace___1___(recent) after writing to introduce the China-Britain express railway service.
The letter is based___2___the 19-day journey of the first China-U.K.freight（货运）train.___3___(see) the news of its return to Yiwu,Jin's mother encouraged him to write about it and then send the letter to Queen ElizabethⅡ.
In his letter,Jin introduced___4___(he) and Yiwu,as well as his hope___5___the Queen would appreciate__6___(tradition) Chinese culture.He also expressed his interest in the U.K.,after mentioning some British famous persons and places including Isaac Newton,Charles Darwin,and the British Museum.He then sent his letter to the Queen.
Jin's mother helped translate the letter into English,and sent both the original letter and the translation to London on May 8.Two months___7___(late),a reply from Buckingham Palace___8___(receive).The letter talked about the living and working conditions of the Queen at___9___early age,and included a detailed___10___(introduce) of the Palace.
【答案】1. recently 2. on 3. Seeing 4. himself 5. that 6. traditional
7. later 8. was received 9. an 10. introduction
3. 考查分词作状语。句意：看到他回到义乌的消息，Jin的母亲鼓励他写了这封信然后把它寄给伊丽莎白Ⅱ女王。此处是分词作状语，see与主句主语之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填Seeing.
4. 考查反身代词。句意：在他的信中，金介绍了自己和义乌，以及他希望女王能欣赏中国传统文化。主语和宾语一致时，要用反身代词代表某人自己，因此此处用he的反身代词himself.故填himself.
5. 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：在他的信中，金介绍了自己和义乌，以及他希望女王能欣赏中国传统文化。根据句子分析，设空处后面是宾语从句，并且从句中不缺少任何句子成分，因此只用that引导宾语从句即可。故填that.
6. 考查形容词。句意：在他的信中，金介绍了自己和义乌，以及他希望女王能欣赏中国传统文化。根据句意可知此处表示“传统中国文化”，用形容词traditional来修饰名词Chinese culture.故填traditional.
7. 考查副词。句意：两个月后，收到了白金汉宫的回信。根据语境可知寄出信之后两个月收到来信，later以后。故填later.
状语从句
一、考点梳理。
1.考查in case引导的状语从句
根据语境的不同，in case既可表示“如果”、“万一”，引导条件状语从句：也可表示“以防（万一）”，引导目的状语从句。
【例】 Leave your key with a neighbor____you lock yourself out one day.
A. ever since B.even if C.soon after D. in case
答案为D。in case在此引导目的状语从句。句意为：给你的邻居留一把钥匙，以防哪天你把自己锁在外面。
【例】My parents live in a small village. They always keep candles in the house__there is a power cut.
A. if B.unless C.in case D. so that
答案为C。in case在此引导目的状语从句，意为“以防”。
2.考查before引导的状语从句
尤其要注意“It+be+--段时间+before...”这一句型。
【例】 The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time____we meet them again.
A. after B.before C.since D.when
答案为B。it will be a long time before...的意思是“要过很久才会……”。
【例】He was told that it would be at least three more months____he could recover and return to work.
A. when B.before C.since D. that
答案为B it was some time before...的意思是“在……之前过了一段时间”，通常可转译为“过了一段时间才……”。又如：It was a long time before I got to sleep again．过了好久我才又睡着。
3.考查while引导的状语从句
尤其要注意while表示“尽管”、“虽然”时的用法（此时它引导的不是时间状语从句，而是让步状语从句一一此用法许多同学并不熟悉，值得特别注意）。
【例】____I really don't like art,I find his work impressive.
A. As B.Since C.If D.While
答案为Do while在此表示“尽管”、“虽然”，又如：While the question was difficult to answer,it was interesting．尽管问题很难回答，但很有趣。
另外，while表示对比的用法也值得注意（此时它表示“而”）。例如：
【例】The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain,__the quality of life is probably one of the highest.
A. since B.when C.as D.while
答案为Do while在此表示“而”。
4.考查when引导的状语从句
对于when的用法，同学们最熟悉的是表示“当……的时候”。
【例】 --Where's that report?
--I gave it to you___you came in.
A. if B.when C.because D. before
答案为B。将四个选项逐一填入空格处，只有填when时，意思最通顺。句意为：当你进来时我就给你了。 需要注意的是，when还有…个用法，就是表示“既然”，也是一个值得注意的考点。例如：
【例】 Why do you want a new pen__you've got such a good one already?
A. that B.where C.which D. when
答案为D。when在此表示“既然”。 还有一点也需注意，就是when表示“这时（突然）”的用法。例如：
【例】I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel_____I heard the steps．
A. while B.when C.since D. after
【例】 He was about halfway through his meal__a familiar voice came to his ears.
A. why B.where C.when D.while
以上两题答案均选when，其意均表示“这时”。
5.考查unless引导的状语从句
unless的意思是“如果不……”、“除非”，对于涉及unless的考题，一般只要能读懂句意，弄清语境，就不会有问题。
【例】 Most birds find it safe to sleep in the trees, but__they have eggs or young chicks, they don't use a nest.
A. why B.how C.unless D.where
【例】I won't call you,__ __something unexpected happens.
A. unless B.whether C.because D.while
以上两题答案为均选unless，其意均表示“除非”。
6.考查until引导的状语从句
until的意思是“直到……时”、“在……之前”，对于涉及until的考题，一般只要能读懂句意，弄清语境，就不会有问题。
【例】 It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life____we've actually had that lesson.
A. until B.after C.since D.when
答案为A。将四个选项逐一填入空格处，只有填until时，意思最通顺。
另外，还要注意not...until...这一句式（直到……才……）。例如：
【例】"You can't have this football back____you promise not to kick it at my cat again," the old man said firmly.
A. because B.since C.when D.until
答案为D。until与前面的not相呼应，表示“直到……才……”。
7.考查once引导的状语从句
once的意思是“一旦”，对于涉及once的考题，一般只要能读懂句意，弄清语境，就不会有问题。
【例】You will be successful in the interview____you have confidence.
A. before B.once C.until D.though
【例】——environmental damage is done, it takes many years for the ecosystem（生态系统）to recover.(2006江苏卷)
A. Even if B.If only C.While D.Once
两道题均选once，均表示“一旦”。
8.考查where引导的状语从句
where可以用于引导地点状语从句，其意为“在……的地方”，此用法许多同学都不熟悉，但高考经常考查，应引起特别注意。
--Mom, what did your doctor say?
--He advised me to live____there are many trees.
A. in where B.in which C.the place where D. where
答案为D。where引导地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”。
9.考查-ever引导的状语从句
whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever等引导状语从句时，其意相当于no matter what (who, how, when, where)等。
【例】In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help__there is human suffering.
A. whoever B.however C.whatever D. wherever
答案为D。 wherever意为“无论什么地方”，意义上相当于no matter where。又如：Being recognized wherever you go is the price you pay for being famous.出名所付出的代价是不管你走到哪里，都会被人认出来。
二、要点点拨。
一、时间状语从句
1．when．while与as---必记考点
①如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when，while与as可互换使用。
When/While/As l was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of mine.
当我沿着街走的时候，遇见了一个老朋友。
②while可作并列连词，表示对比，意为“而，却”。
He is a worker while I am a doctor．他是工人而我是医生。
③when可连接并列句，意为“就在那时”(=and then或and at that time)，常用于以下句式：
sb．was doing sth．when...
sb．was about to do sth．when...
sb．was on the point of doing sth. when...
sb．was just going to do sth. when...
The baby was on the point of crying when her mother came home．那婴儿刚要哭，这时她母亲回家了。
I was just going to explain when the bell rang.
我正要解释，突然钟声响了。
【例】She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.
A. when B. while C. after D. since
【答案】A
2．名词短语引导的时间状语从句the time/moment/minute/instant, the day,the year,the first/second
time,each/every time, next time,any time.
The day he returned home, his father was already dead.他回到家的那天，他父亲已经去世了。
3.as soon as, immediately, directly, the moment, the minute,no sooner.., than..., hardly/scarcely.., when..., one….一旦……就……）
这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一旦发生，主句的动作就随即发生，常意为“一……就……”。从句中用一般时态代替将来时态。
No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left. 我们刚到车站火车就开走了。
注意：no sooner.., than...与hardly/scarcely.., when...这些结构的时态搭配：主句谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的从句应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，主句应用部分倒装语序。
Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.
我刚到家天就下起雨来。
4.till.until与not.., until
(1)肯定句：主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词，主句、从句都为肯定式，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。
He remained there until she arrived.
他一直在那儿直到她来。
(2)否定句：主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。
She won't go to bed till/until her mother returns.
直到妈妈回来她才上床睡觉。
(3)句首多用until，不用till;在强调结构中或与not连用时，多用until，不用till。
(4)not... until...的句式变换。
Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.(not until置于句首，主句用部分倒装)
直到你告诉我，我才对它有点儿印象。
5．before与since
(1)若表达“还未……就……；不到……就……；……才……，趁，还没来得及”时，须用连词before。
The train had already left before I arrived.
火车已经开走了我才到。
(2)It will be+段时间+before...多久之后才……
It will be half a year before I come back.
还有半年我就回来了。
It won't be long before we meet again.
离我们再见面不会很久了。
(3)since从句的谓语动词一般是非延续性动词，如果从句的谓语动词是延续性的，或是状态动词，若其时态是一般过去时，则时间的起点应从动作的完成或状态的结束时算起。
I haven't heard from him since he lived here.
从他不住这儿起，我一直没有收到他的信。
如果从句时态是现在完成时，则时间的起点应从动作的发生或状态开始时算起。试比较：
I've written her 20 letters since I have been here.
自从我到这儿来（从开始算起），我已经给她写了20封信了。
I have written her 20 letters since l was here.
自从我离开这儿以来（从结束算起），我已经给她写了20封信了。
(4)在“It is+段时间+since从句”句型中，时间的计算一律从since从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。
It is three years since I smoked (----since I stopped smoking).
我不吸烟有3年了。
如果要表达“我吸烟有3年了”应为：
It is three years since I began to smoke.
二、地点状语从句
1．引导地点状语从句的连词有：where，wherever，anywhere，everywhere，nowhere等。
Wherever there is smoke,there is a fire.
无火不生烟（无风不起浪）。
2．地点状语从句与定语从句的转化：地点状语从句只要在where前加上to/in/from the place，便可变为定语从句。
【例】 The little girl who got lost decided to remain _________she was and wait tor her mother.
A. where B. what C. how D. who
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查连词，remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知，从句缺地点状语，所以选A。
三、原因状语从句
1．引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because．since，now
that，seeing that，considering that，每个连词的含义不尽相同。
2. because,as与since/now that
区别
位置
内涵
语气
能否回答
why
能否被强调
because
因为
主句前或后
直接因果关系
强
能
能
as由于
主句前或后
since/
now that
既然
主句前
双方都知道
的原因
弱
不能
不能
Now that/Since everybody is here,let's begin our meeting.
既然大家都在这强，藏们开始开会嗯。
注意：
(1) for作连词也有“因为”的意思，但for是并列连词，连接并列分句。
We should be more Careful,for it is already dark.
天色已晚，我们应更小心些。
(2) when也可引导原因状语从句，意为“既然”。
How can he succeed when he won't work?
既然他不肯工作，那他怎么会成功呢？
(3)一些介词短语可表示原因：because of，thanks to，due to，
owing to等。
四、目的状语从句
for fear that,in case 与lest.
这些从属连词（词组）引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词要用(should+)动词原形，它本身带有否定意义，相当于so that...not…或in order that… not…。
The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him．
这个男孩躲在树后，以免他的父亲看到他。
注意：
目的状语从句可用so as to，in order to等不定式来替换，但主
句与从句主语须一致。
He ran fast so that he might arrive there before ten o'clock.
=He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten o'clock.
他快跑以便在10点以前赶到那里。
如果主句与从句的主语不一致，要用for引导不定式的逻辑主语。
My mother gets up early every morning to cook breakfast so
that I can go to school on time.
=…so as for me/in order for me to go to school on time.
妈妈每天早晨早起做早饭，以便我能按时到校。
五、条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if，unless（一if．．．not除非），so (as) long as（只要），in case（万一），on condition that（条件是），suppose/supposing（假设，用于问句），provided/providing that等。
Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?
假设他们拒绝了我们，我们该向谁寻求帮助？
注意：
while可引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。
There will be life while there is water and air.
只要有水和空气，就会有生命。
【例】 Owen wouldn’t eat anything ____________ he cooked it himself
A. until B. since C. unless D. while
【答案】C
七、方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的从属连词有：as，as if,as though。
1．当as if/though引导的方式状语从句所表示的情况是事实或具有很大的可能性时，通常用陈述语气。
I feel as if I have a fever.我觉得我好像发烧了。
2．当从句中所表示的情况不是事实时，通常用虚拟语气，现在的情况用过去时态，过去的情况用过去完成时。
The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.
那位老妇人对待那个男孩就好像他是她自己的儿子。
八、让步状语从句
1．although/though（尽管，虽然），even though/even if（即使），as(虽然)等引导让步状语从句。
(1) although与though
although与though意思相同，一般可互换，都可以与yet，still或nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。
Although/Though it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.
虽然雨下得很大，他们仍然继续踢足球。
注意：
①though还可用作副词，意为“可是，然而”，置于句末。
He said he would come;he didn't,though.
他说他会来，可是他没有来。
②though引导的让步状语从句还可用于倒装结构，此时用法同as。
【例】 ______ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.
A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as
【答案】A
【解析】考查从属连词的用法。根据句意，引导让步状语从句。故选A。
(2)as
as引导的从句一般放在主句之前，须用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是可数名词单数，前置时要省略不定冠词。
Much as I like it,I won't buy it,for it's too expensive.
虽然我很喜欢它，但我不会买的，因为它太贵了。
(3)even though/even if
这两个连接词引导的从句表示更强的让步，常译为“再退一步说”，有时可用虚拟语气。
Even if l were busy,I would go to see you off. 即使忙我也要去给你送行。
2．whether.., or...（不管……还是……）；疑问词+ever与no matter+疑问词（不管……；无论……）引导让步状语从句。
Whether you believe it or not,it is true.不管你信还是不信，它是真的。
Whoever you are(一No matter who you are), you must obey the rules.不管你是谁，都必须遵守规则。
注意：whoever，whatever，whomever与whichever还可以引导名词性从句。而No matter+疑问词只引导让步状语从句。
You can take whatever you like.（宾语从句）喜欢什么，你就拿什么。
3．有时when和while也可引导让步状语从句。
While he was respected,he was not liked.
他虽受到尊敬，但没有受到喜爱。
He walks when he might ride.他虽有车可坐，却还是步行。
九、由分词转化成的连词
1．现在分词
由现在分词转化成的连词有：seeing考虑到；supposing即使，如果；providing如果；considering考虑到；granting即使。
Granting that you've made some progress, you should not be conceited.
即使你取得了一些进步，你也不应该盲目自大。
Considering you are newcomers, you've adjusted very well.
鉴于你们是新手，你们已经调整得很好了。
2．过去分词
由过去分词转化成的连词有：provided如果，以……为条件；granted即使；given就……而言。
Granted that he has enough money to buy the house, it doesn't mean that he's going to do so.
即使他有足够的钱买这所房子，他也不一定会这样做。
十、比较状语从句
1．as... as这种结构可以用于同程度的比较，否定句用not so/as.., as。
2．as和than连接的比较状语从句常可省去同主句相同的部分。
3．the…，the…结构后跟adj.或adv.的比较级，意为“越……，越……”。
十一、状语从句的省略
有些表示时间、地点、条件、方式或让步的状语从句，如果谓语动词含有be动词，主语又和主句中的主语一致，或者主语是it，常把从句中的主语和be动词省略掉。
Look out for cars when crossing the street.
穿过街道的时候要小心车辆。
三、误区警示。
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. “May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?” “No, you can’t go out _______ your work is being done.”
A. before B. until C. as D. the moment
【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为这是考查 not…until…结构。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。句中的 your work is being done 表明“你正在做作业”，选 as 表原因。
2. “I’m going to the post office.” “_______ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
【陷阱】容易误选A。
3. After the war, a new school building was put up ______ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 D。where 在此引导地点状语从句，其意为“(在)……的地方”。
4. The visitor asked to have his picture taken _______ stood the famous tower.
A. that B. at which C. when D. where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
5. They kept trying _____ they must have known it was hopeless.
A. if B. because C. when D. where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。when 在此的意思不是“当……的时候”，而是“尽管”、“虽然”的意思。又如：He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管他可以坐出租车，但他却走路。
He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time. 尽管他本来下次就可以成功的了，但他却停止努力了。
The boy was restless when he should have listened to the teacher carefully. 这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的，但他却坐立不安。
有许多同学只知道 when 表示“当……的时候”，而不知道它还有其他许多意思，除上面提到的表示“尽管”、“虽然”外，when 还可表示“既然”、“考虑到”。
