高三专项复习情态动词特殊用法大集合

情态动词特殊用法大集合
情态动词除了基本的用法以外还有许多特殊之处，列举如下：
can和could
⑴Can
和
could
可以表示某人或某物一时的特点，表示“客观有可能”可以翻译为“有可能，有时会”。
It
can
be
very
warm
in
this
area
。这个地区有时可能非常暖和.
He
can
be
very
friendly
at
times
。他有时会非常友好。
⑵can表示能力时，可以与be
able
to
换用。但是在将来时和完成时中必须用be
able
to
；表示经过努力而成功地办到了某个具体的事情时，只能用be
able
to
，不可以用can。
这种用法的be
able
to
相当于succeed
in
或manage
to。
I　am
sure　we
shall
be
able
to
get
you　a　job　soon
。（不能用can）
He　has
been
able
to
finish
the
work
on
time　。（不可用can）
After
years
of
hard
work
he　was
able
to
win
the
prize
。（不可以用could）
He　could't
climb
the
mountain
。（没有能力爬，因而也没有爬）
He　was
not
able
to
climb
the
mountain
。（尝试爬过，但是没能爬上去）
另外：
①对Were
you
able
to
find
the
pen？做否定回答应该用：No,
I
couldn't（find
it
）.不能说：No,
I
wasn't
able
to
find
it.
②could
可以用来表示过去习惯性动作的完成，而was
able
to
却没有这种用法。
　I　could
run　after
a　bus
and
catch
it
twenty
years
ago
，I　can't
do
that
now
。
二十年前，我能在后面跑着追上公共汽车，现在不行了。
③cannot
／can't
与too／over（‐)／enough
／perfectly
／sufficiently
等词连用，意思是
“越…越…”“无论怎样…　…也不为过”、“决不会…　…够(过)”。
　You
can't
praise
him
too
much
。你无论怎样称赞他都不过分。
　You
cannot
be
over
careful
。你越细心越好。
　I
can't
thank
you
enough
。我对你感激不尽。
　This
point
cannot
be
overemphasized
。这一点无论如何强调都不过分　。
　
④
“cannot
wait
不定式
”意思是“be
eager
to
…
…
急于做”，表示强调的肯定意思
。
I
cannot
wait
to
read
the
book
。我非常渴望读这本书
。
He
couldn’t
wait
to
see
her
。他渴望见到她
。
练习题：
Please
remind
your
grandpa
to
take
medicine
on
time，for
a　man　of
his
age_______
be
very
forgetful
。　
　A．should
　B.
must
　
C.
shall
　
　
D.
can　
You
cannot
be_______
careful
when
you
drive
a
car
.
A.very
B.so
C.too
D.enough
The
car
broke
down
on
the
way
,but
we_____get
out
of
the
desert
at
last.
A.might
B.would
C.were
able
to
D.could
must有一种含义：“偏要”“硬要”。表示说话人对句子主语所发出的动作或行为是不希望的、不满的甚至是生气的。通常指令人不愉快的事情。must用于第二人称时，常常含有讽刺挖苦的意思：
Why
must
you
be
so
stubborn
（固执）？
He
must
come
and
worry
her
with
questions
，just
when
she
was
busy
cooking
the
dinner
。
If
you
must
smoke,
at
least
you
could
use
an
ashtray（烟灰缸）.
As
I
was
sitting
down
to
lunch
，the
electric
bell
must
ring
。
Why
must
you
be
so
late
？你为何非要这么晚来呢
？
练习题：
Why
_______you
always
interrupt
me
？
A.
can
B.
will
C.
may
D.
must
Naturally
，after
I
told
her
what
to
do
，my
daughter
_______go
and
do
the
opposite
！
A
.may
B.can
C.
must
D.
should
注意：(1)must
可以表示客观必然性，意思为“必然（会），总是会”，而have
to
则不可以这样用。
All
men
must
die
。人固有一死。
Competition
must
happen
。竞争总会发生。
Truth
must
be
out
。真相总会大白
。
There
must
be
a
day
for
revenge
。总有报仇的那一天
。
(2)对must
所在句子变反意疑问句时，应注意以下习惯搭配：
①must
作“必须”解时，反意疑问句中重复must
。
All
the
children
must
respect
their
parents
，mustn’t
they
？
孩子必须尊敬父母，对吗？
②
“must
be
”表示推测时，反意疑问句用be
的适当形式
。
You
must
be
thirsty
，aren’t
you
？你一定渴了，是吗
？
③“must
have
done
”表示推测时
，附加疑问句一般用have
或
has
，但是有明确表示过去
的时间状语时，反意疑问句用过去时态。
He
must
have
finished
the
work
，hasn’t
he
？
He
must
have
gone
abroad
last
week
，didn’t
he
？
You
must
have
been
told
about
it
that
day
，weren’t
you
？
3.used
to
的意思是“过去常常”，已经含有
always,
often,
sometimes,
from
time
to
time等意思，但是它却可以和它们连用。
He
always
used
to
come
by
bus.
他过去总是坐公共汽车来。
He
often
used
to
work
late
at
night.他过去经常工作到深夜。
She
always
used
to
get
up
at
four
o'clock
in
the
morning.她过去总是早晨4点起床。
但是used
to
不可以与表示具体次数或一段时间(即特定的时间段)的词语连用。
He
went
to
abroad
three
times.
He
lived
in
the
countryside
for
three
years.
但是可以和过去确定的时间壮语连用。
He
used
to
live
here
in
1995。
He
used
to
be
devoted
to
her
when
she
was
a
little
girl.
另：would
和used
to
的区别如下：
两者都可以表示过去的习惯性动作。但是would
只强调过去特定情况下的习惯性动作(由动态动词表示)，单纯的过去和现在无关；而used
to
即可以强调过去的习惯性动作(由动态动词表示)，也可以强调过去的事实或状态(由静态东此表示)，且与现在形成对比，即可表示持续的状态，也可表示过去重复的行为。
I
used
to
have
an
old
car
。过去我有一辆旧轿车。
I
didn't
use
to
like
opera
，but
now
I'm
getting
interested
。
我过去不喜欢歌剧，但现在逐渐有了兴趣。
上面两句话的动词均是静态动词，说明过去的事实或状态，不能用would
代替used
to
。
但是would可以和sometimes/now
and
then/from
time
to
time
等词组（表示过去有时或偶尔的时间状语）连用。
She
would
sit
there
for
hours
sometimes,
doing
nothing
at
all
.
他有时一连坐好几个小时，什么事情也不干。
练习题：
When
he
was
there
,he_______go
to
that
coffee
shop
at
the
corner
after
work
every
day
.
A.would
B.should
C.had
better
D.might
4.shall可以用在第二、三人称，要重读，不可以缩写，表示说话人的意图、意志、允诺、命令、命运或必然结果等；在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等。
You
shall
have
a
lot
of
money
.(意图/允诺)你会有很多钱的。
Each
citizen
shall
carry
his
identification
card
when
traveling.(规定)
旅游时每个市民务必带上身份证。
You
shall
arrive
there
before
sunset
.(命令)你们要在日落前到达那儿。
If
you
don't
behave
yourself,
you
shall
be
punished
.(威胁)
如果你行为不轨的话，你会受到惩罚的。
He
shall
get
what
he
deserves
.(警告)他会得到他应该得到的。
Death
is
certain
to
all;
all
shall
die
.(命运)死必临万物；万物皆必死。
Better
days
shall
soon
follow
.(预言)好日子不久会来到。
The
time
shall
come
when
they
shall
be
avenged
.(意志)为他们伸冤的时候会来的。
Who
touches
pitch
shall
be
defiled
.(必然结果)玩火者必自焚。
POWs
shall
not
be
ill-treated
.(法律用语)战俘不得受虐待。
练习题：
It
has
been
announced
that
candidates
_______remain
in
their
seats
until
all
the
papers
have
been
collected.
A.can
B.will
C.may
D.shall
Haven`t
I
told
you
already
that
you
_______have
my
answer
tomorrow
morning

A.
will
B.shall
C.should
D.would
Nobody
_______throw
away
rubbish
everywhere
!
A.can
B.need
C.shall
D.must
5.will
⑴表示意愿或固执坚持。用于非人主语时，表示固有性质，倾向。
She
won't
lend
me
the
money
.她不愿把钱借给我。
He
is
the
man
who
will
go
his
own
way.他是一个自行其事的人。
The
window
won't
open
.窗子打不开。
The
door
won't
shut
.门关不上了。
⑵在含有if从句的主从复合句中，如果if引导的条件状语从句表示的是一般将来时或过去将来时，
不能用will或would
,而要用一般现在时或一般过去时来代替。
If
you
don't
come
here
,
I
will
go
to
find
you
.
(1)下面句子中的will表示“难免”。
Accidents
will
happen.事故难免会发生。
Boys
will
be
boys
.男孩子总是男孩子。
(2)will可以用来表示某些根据自然规律必定会发生的事情，并且此时可以用一般现在时来代替它。
Oil
will
float
on
water
.油能在水上漂流。
Stainless
steel
will
not
rust
.不锈钢是不会生锈的。
Matches
will
not
strike
if
they
are
damp.火柴如果潮湿，就划不着。
6.need
⑴作为情态动词时主要用在否定句和疑问句中，但是也可以用在用条件的肯定句中，这个条件是：肯
定句中必须含有某些含某种否定含义的词语，例如only
,but
,all,before等或者说句子中暗含某
种否定含义。
One
need
only
consider
the
facts
.否定含义是：只需考虑这些事实，不必去做别的事。
He
need
do
it
but
once
.否定含义是：他不必做两次以上。
All
he
need
do
is
state
his
opinion
clearly.
⑵didn't
need
to
和needn't
have
done
的区别：
前者表示没有必要做实际上也没有做某事，后者表示做了不该做的事情。
They
didn't
need
to
come
here.他们不必来这儿（实际也没来）。
They
needn't
have
come
here.他们本来不必来这儿（但是实际来了）
7.may
/
might
well＋动词原形或may/
might
as
well＋动词原形
May
/might
well＋动词原形意思为“理应，有足够的理由”；may
/
might
as
well
＋动词原形
意思为“还不如，不妨，还是…的好”，表示某人应该做某事，因为没有更好的事、没有更有趣的
事或没有更有用处的事可以做。May
as
well
可能比might
as
well
更加肯定一点。
He
may
well
be
proud
of
his
son
.他大可以他的儿子为荣。
It
is
very
late
,so
you
may
/
might
as
well
go
to
bed
.夜深了，不妨去睡吧
。
We
may
/
might
as
well
have
something
to
eat
.我们还不如吃点东西。
8.should
⑴可以表示估计或推测上的 应该`，还可以翻译成可能，该，估计，按理应当等等。
The
report
is
written
after
careful
investigation
,
so
it
should
be
reliable
.
这份报告是经过周密调查写成的，所以该是可靠的。
They
should
be
there
by
now
,I
think
.我想他们现在该到那儿了。
⑵表示惊讶，不以为然等情绪，用于某些句型中，多译为 竟然`；
I
think
it
is
dreadful
that
anyone
should
be
so
miserable
.我想非常糟糕，每个人都竟然如此悲伤。
You
can’t
imagine
that
such
a
good
student
like
him
should
fail
in
the
exam
.
你无法想象像他这样如此好的学生竟然在考试中失败了。
Why
should
I
fear

我会害怕？（=I
don’t
fear
at
all
.）
What
should
I
see
but
misery
所见皆是一片凄惨。(=I
could
see
nothing
but
misery
.)
Should
you
be
so
silly

你会这么傻吗？（=You
are
not
so
silly
.）
I
was
thinking
of
going
to
see
John
when
who
should
appear
but
John
himself
.
我还想着去看约翰，想不到约翰来啦。
全国各地高考情态动词试题汇编
（
）55.My
English-Chinese
dictionary
has
disappeared
.Who_______
have
taken
it

A.
should
B.
must
C.
could
D.
would
（
）56.
Children
under
12
years
of
age
in
that
country
________
be
under
adult
supervision
when
in
a
public
library.
（2004年上海）
A.
must
B.
may
C.
can
D.
need
（
）57.
---Isn’t
that
Ann’s
husband
over
there
---No,
it______
be
him
—I’m
sure
he
doesn’t
wear
glasses.
A．
can’t
B
must
not
C
won’t
D
may
not
（
）58.You_______
be
tired
—
you’ve
only
been
working
for
an
hour。
A.
must
not
B.
won’t
C.
can’t
D.
may
not
（
）59.I
often
see
lights
in
that
empty
house
.Do
you
think
I_______
report
it
to
the
police

A.
should
B.
may
C.
will
D.
can
（
）60.Mr
White
________
at
8:30
for
the
meeting
,
but
he
didn’t
show
up.
A.
should
have
arrived
B.
should
arrive
C.
should
have
had
arrived
D.
should
be
arriving
（
）61.
—Who
is
the
girl
standing
over
there
—Well,
if
you________
know
,her
name
is
Mabel.
A.
may
B.
can
C.
must
D.
shall
（
）62.
—Mum,
I’ve
been
studying
English
since
8
o’clock
.
_____I
go
out
and
play
with
Tom
for
a
while？
—No，I’m
afraid
not.
Besides,
it’s
raining
outside
now.
A.
Can’t
B.
Wouldn’t
C.
May
not
D.
Won’t
（
）63.
—I
don’t
mind
telling
you
what
I
know.
—You
_____
I’m
not
asking
you
for
it.
A.
mustn’t
B.
may
not
C.
can’t
D.
needn’t
（
）64.
I______
pay
Tracy
a
visit
,but
I’m
not
sure
whether
I
will
have
time
this
Sunday.
A.
should
B.
might
C.
would
D.
could
（
）65.—I’ll
tell
Mary
about
her
new
job
tomorrow.
—You_______
her
last
week
.
A.
ought
to
tell
B.
would
have
told
C.
must
tell
D.
should
have
told
（
）66.—Excuse
me
,but
I
want
to
use
your
computer
to
type
a
report
.
—You______
have
my
computer
if
you
don’t
take
care
of
it.
A.
shan’t
B.
might
not
C.
needn’t
D.
shouldn’t
（
）67.“The
interest________
be
divided
into
five
parts
,
according
to
the
agreement
made
by
both
sides,”declared
the
judge.
A.
may
B.
should
C.
must
D.
shall
（
）68.You
might
just
as
well
tell
the
manufacturer
that
male
customers
________
not
like
the
design
of
the
furniture.
A.
must
B.
shall
C.
may
D.
need
（
）69．—Excuse
me
.
Is
this
the
right
way
to
the
Summer
Palace

—Sorry
,
I
am
not
sure
.
But
it
________
be
.
A．might
B．will
C．must
D．can
（
）70.I
have
lost
one
of
my
gloves.
I________
it
somewhere.
A.
must
drop
B.
must
have
dropped
C.
must
be
dropping
D.
must
have
beet
dropped
（
）71.According
to
the
local
regulations,
anyone
who
intends
to
get
a
driver’s
licence
_______
take
an
eye
test.
A.
can
B.
must
C.
would
D.
may
（
）72.Tom,
you
_____
leave
all
your
clothes
on
the
floor
like
this
!
A．wouldn’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
needn’t
D.
may
not
（
）73.
John,
look
at
the
time.
_____
you
play
the
piano
at
such
a
late
hour

A.
Must
B.
Can
C.
May
D.
Need
（
）74.He
_____
have
completed
his
work;
otherwise,
he
wouldn’t
be
enjoying
himself
by
the
seaside.
A.
should
B.
must
C.
wouldn’t
D.
can’t
（
）75.There
____
be
any
difficulty
about
passing
the
road
test
since
you
have
practiced
a
lot
in
the
driving
school.
A.
mustn’t
B.
shan’t
C.
shouldn’t
D.
needn’t
（
）76.I
____
have
been
more
than
six
years
old
when
the
accident
happened.
A.
shouldn’t
B.
couldn’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
needn’t
（
）77.This
cake
is
very
sweet.
You
_______
a
lot
of
sugar
in
it.
A．should
put
B．could
have
put
C．might
put
D．must
have
put
（
）78.
----
The
woman
biologist
stayed
in
Africa
studying
wild
animals
for
13
years
before
she
returned.
----
Oh,
dear!
She
_______
a
lot
of
difficulties!
A.
may
go
through
B.
might
go
through
C.
ought
to
have
gone
through
D.
must
have
gone
through
（
）79.The
World
Wide
Web
is
sometimes
jokingly
called
the
World
Wide
Wait
because
it
______be
very
slow.
A.
should
B.
must
C.
will
D.
can
（
）80．—Catherine,
I
have
cleaned
the
room
for
you.
—Thanks.
You
_______it.
I
could
manage
it
myself.
A．needn’t
do
B．needn’t
have
done
C．mustn’t
do
D．shouldn’t
have
done
（
）81．—Do
you
know
where
David
is
I
couldn’t
find
him
anywhere.
—Well
.
He
________have
gone
far—his
coat’s
still
here.
A．shouldn’t
B．mustn’t
C．can’t
D．wouldn’t
（
）82．If
I
_______
plan
to
do
anything
I
wanted
to
,
I’d
like
to
go
to
Tibet
and
travel
through
as
much
of
it
as
possible.
A．would
B．could
C．had
to
D．ought
to
（
）83.
----Lucy
doesn’t
mind
lending
you
her
dictionary.
----She
____.
I’ve
already
borrowed
one.
A.
can’t
B.
mustn’t
C.
needn’t
D.
shouldn’t
（
）84.
---I’ve
taken
someone
else’s
green
sweater
by
mistake.
---It______
Harry’s.
He
always
wears
green.
A.
has
to
be
B.
will
be
C.
mustn’t
D.
could
be
（
）85.
I
was
on
the
highway
when
this
car
went
past
followed
by
a
police
car.
They
______
at
least
150
km
an
hour.
A.
should
have
been
doing
B.
must
have
been
doing
C.
could
have
done
D.
would
have
done
（
）86.
He
paid
for
a
seat,
when
he
______
have
entered
free.
A.
could
B.
would
C.
must
D.
need
（
）87.---Tom
is
never
late
for
work.
Why
is
he
absent
today
---Something
______to
him.
A．must
happen
B.
should
have
happened
C.
could
have
happened
D.
must
have
happened
（
）88.
Helen
______
go
on
the
trip
with
us,
but
she
isn’t
quite
sure
yet.
A.
shall
B.
must
C.
may
D.
can
（
）89.----
Don't
you
think
it
necessary
that
he
_______
to
Miami
but
to
New
York
----
I
agree,
but
the
problem
is
________
he
has
refused
to.
A.
will
not
be
sent;
that
B.
not
be
sent;
that
C.
should
not
be
sent;
what
D.
should
not
send;
what
（
）90.---Tom
graduated
from
college
at
a
very
young
age.
---Oh,
he______
have
been
a
very
smart
boy
then.
A
could
B
should
C
might
D
must
(
)
91
.
---
What’s
the
name
---
Khulaifi.
_______
I
spell
that
for
you
A.
Shall
B.
Would
C.
Can
D.
Might
(
)
92.
There's
no
light
on
-
they______
be
at
home.
A.
can't
B.
mustn't
C.
needn't
D.
shouldn't
(
)
93.
As
you
worked
late
yesterday,
you
_________have
come
this
morning.
A.
mayn’t
B.
can’t
C.
mustn’t
D.
needn’t
(
)
94.
We
hope
that
as
many
people
as-possible
_______
join
us
for
the
picnic
tomorrow.
A.
need
B.
must
C.
should
D.
can
(
95.
If
it
were
not
for
the
fact
that
she
_______
sing,
I
would
invite
her
to
the
party.
A.
couldn’t
B.
shouldn’t
C.
can’t
D.
might
not
(
)
96.
---
Must
he
come
to
sign
this
paper
himself
---
Yes,
he
.
A.
need
B.
must
C.
may
D.
will
(
)
97.Some
aspects
of
a
pilot’s
job
______be
boring,
and
pilots
often
_____work
at
inconvenient
hours.
A.
can;
have
to
B.
may;
can
C.
have
to;
may
D.
ought
to;
must
(
)
98.
---
I
think
I’ll
give
Bob
a
ring.
---
You
_______.
You
haven’t
been
in
touch
with
him
for
ages.
A.
will
B.
may
C.
have
to
D.
should
(
)
99．The
weather
turned
out
to
be
fine
yesterday．I——the
trouble
to
carry
my
umbrella
with
me．
should
have
taken
B．could
have
taken
C．needn't
have
taken
D，mustn't
have
taken
(
)
100.
–--May
I
smoke
here

---
If
you
____,
choose
a
seat
in
the
smoking
section.
A.
should
B.
could
C.
may
D.
must
(
)
101.---Is
Jack
on
duty
today

---It ______ be
him.
It’s
his
turn
tomorrow.

A.
mustn’t
B.
won’t
C.
can’t
D.
needn’t
(
)
102.
---
Could
I
have
a
word
with
you,
mum
---
Oh
dear,
if
you
________.
A.
can
B.
must
C.
may
D.
should
(
)
103.
You
know
he
is
not
going
to
let
us
leave
early
if
we
___
get
the
work
done.
A.
can't
B.
may
not
C.
shouldn't
D.
mustn't
(
)
104.
--–May
I
smoke
here

---
If
you
____,
choose
a
seat
in
the
smoking
section.
A.
should
B.
could
C.
may
D.
must
(
)
105.
We
have
proved
great
adventurers,
but
we
have
done
the
greatest
march
ever
made
in
the
past
ten
years.
A.
needn’t
B.
may
not
C.
shouldn’t
D.
mustn’t
(
)
106.
---How’s
your
tour
around
the
North
Lake
Is
it
beautiful
---It
________
be,
but
it
is
now
heavily
polluted.
A.
will
B.
would
C.
should
D.
must
(
)
107.
---
She
looks
very
happy.
She
______
have
passed
the
exam.
---
I
guess
so.
It’s
not
difficult
after
all.
A.
should
B.
could
C.
must
D.
might
(
)
108.—Where
is
my
dictionary
I
remember
I
put
it
here
yesterday.
—You
it
in
the
wrong
place.
A.
must
put
B.
should
have
put
C.
might
put
D.
might
have
put
(
)
109.As
a
result
of
the
serious
flood,
two-thirds
of
the
buildings
in
the
area
.
A.
need
repairing
B.
needs
to
repair
C.
needs
repairing
D.
need
to
repair
(
)
110.I
told
your
friend
how
to
get
to
the
hotel,
but
perhaps
I
have
driven
her
there
.
A.
could
B.
must
C.
might
D.
should
(
)
111．一What
does
the
sign
over
there
read
一“No
person
________
smoke
or
carry
a
lighted
cigarette，cigar
or
pipe
in
this
area．”
A．will
B．may
C．shall
D.
must
(
)
112.
In
crowded
places
like
airports
and
railway
stations,
you___
take
care
of
your
luggage.
A.
can
B.
may
C.
must
D.
will
(
)
113.
The
teacher
__
have
thought
Johnson
was
worth
it
or
she
wouldn't
have
wasted
time
on
him,
I
suppose.
A.
should
B.
can
C.
would
D.
must
(
)
114.My
MP4
player
isn’t
in
my
bag.
Where
I
have
put
it
A.
can
B.
must
C.
should
D.
would
(
)
115.
The
biggest
problem
for
most
plants,
which
________
just
get
up
and
run
away
when
threatened,
is
that
animals
like
to
eat
them.
A.
shan’t
B.
can’t
C.
needn’t
D.
mustn’t
(
)
116.
---
Guess
what!
I
have
got
A
for
my
term
paper.
---
Great!
You
______
read
widely
and
put
a
lot
of
work
into
it.
A.
must
B.
should
C.
must
have
D.
should
have
(
)
117.
---
My
cat’s
really
fat.
---
You
______
have
given
her
so
much
food.
A.
wouldn’t
B.
couldn’t
C.
shouldn’t
D.
mustn’t
(
)
118.
—What
do
you
think
we
can
do
for
our
aged
parents
—You
________
do
anything
except
to
be
with
them
and
be
yourself.
A.
don’t
have
to
B.
oughtn’t
to
C.
mustn’t
D.
can’t
Answers
1-5
BCDAC
6-10
BBCBB
11-15
DBCBC
16-20
DBAAB
21-25
BCCAB
26-30
CBACD
31-35
ABDAC
36-40
BABDD
41-44
AABCC
46-50
ABCDC
51-55
DBBAC
56-60
AACAA
61-65
CADAD
66-70
ADCAB
71-75
BBABC
76-80
BDDDB
81-85
CBCDB
86-90
ADCBD
91-95
AADDC
96-100
BADCD
101-105
CBADB
106-110
ACDAD
111-115
CCDAB
116-120
CCAAB
121-125
BBDBC
126-127
BD