情态动词和虚拟语气（2）
解题指导：
情态动词的用法复杂多变,在高考试题中占的比重一直比较稳定,每年总有一至两个题,可以单独考查,也可以结合虚拟语气考查。命题者常常利用语境和句子之间意义上的细微差别来考查考生对情态动词的理解和掌握,难度也保持较为稳定的趋势。其考点主要包括：
1、考查情态动词的基本用法。如：:
can和could的用法及区别；will和would的用法及区别；must的用法；shall用于不同人称时的用法和should的各种用法；need的用法等。
2、考查情态动词的“推测”功能。如：can，could，may，might，must
皆可表示推测，使用时要注意以下几点：（1）注意语气。语气较强用must,
cannot，couldn’t；语气较弱may，might或can，could；（2）注意句式。在肯定句中，一般用may，might，must；在否定句，疑问句中常用can，could；（3）注意时态。表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时通常用“情态动词+
动词原形”结构；表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测，通常用“情态动词+进行体”结构；表示对过去情况的推测，通常用“情态动词+完成体”结构。
3、考查情态动词的特殊用法。如：
（1）cannot
／can't
与too／over（‐)／enough
／perfectly
／sufficiently
等词连用，意为“越…越…”“无论怎样… …也不为过”、“决不会… …够(过)”。
（2）cannot
wait
to
do
sth意为“急于做某事”，。
（3）would
和used
to的区别；can
和be
able
to的区别。
（4）“may
/
might
well＋动词原形”意为“理应，有足够的理由”；“may/
might
as
well＋动词原形”意为“还不如，不妨，还是…的好”。
（5）must表示偏执型，意为“偏要”；“硬要”；can用在肯定句，可以表示客观上的“可能性”；shall用在法律、条约、协定等文件中可以表示义务、规定等；should表示估计或推测上的“应该”，译为“可能，该，估计，按理应当”；will
可以表示习惯和倾向性，意为“惯于,
老是,
终归是”等。
4、考查虚拟语气在各种从句以及隐含、混合等句中的运用。如：wish，as
if/though，if
only，would
rather，otherwise,
without等。
5、考查虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的倒装现象。
2018年高考将重点考查情态动词表“推测和可能性、必要性、请求、允许、允诺”，非真实条件虚拟语气和名词性从句的虚拟语气的运用。
【考点分类例析】
高频考点一：名词性从句中的虚拟语气
【浙江省瑞安中学高三上学期期中考试】The
doctor
recommended
that
you
____________
swim
after
eating
a
large
meal.
A.
wouldn’t
B.
couldn’t
C.
needn’t
D.
shouldn’t
【答案】D
【名师揭秘】表示命令、建议、要求等一类的动词，如order，suggest，propose,
insist,
require,
demand,
advise,
request等后接的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
高频考点二：情态动词的基本用法
【浙江省温州中学高三上学期期末考试】—Real
Madrid
is
sure
to
win
the
match
!
—It’
s
hard
to
say
.
You
know,
anything
________
happen
even
in
the
last
minute.
A.
need
B.
must
C.
should
D.
can
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：—Real
Madrid一定会赢得比赛！--很难说，你知道，甚至在最后一秒任何事都有可能发生。这里用can表示“有客观的可能性”，need“需要”，must“必须”，should“应该”，所以选D。
考点：考查情态动词
【名师揭秘】考查情态动词的基本用法是高考常考的内容，平时同学们应该熟练记住每个情态动词
的基本含义及用法。
高频考点三：考查情态动词表推测
【浙江省“六市六校”联盟高考模拟考试】Tom’s
score
on
the
test
is
the
highest
in
the
class.
He
_____.
A.
should
study
last
night
B.
should
have
studied
last
night
C.
must
have
studied
last
night
D.
must
study
last
night
【答案】C
考点：考查情态动词表示推测的用法
【名师揭秘】对现在或将来情况推测，用情态动词+do
/
be
/
be
doing…；对过去的推测，用情态动词
+have
done
/
been…；表示肯定推测的情态动词按可能性大小依次为
must,
should
/
ought
to,
may,
might,
could；否定推测，常用can’t
/
couldn’t，译为“根本不可能”、“想必不会”，表示推测的语气非常肯定，may
not,
might
not或could
not译为“可能不”、“也许不”，表示推测的语气不很肯定。
高频考点四：考查虚拟语气的用法
【浙江省宁波市十校高三三月联考】It
was
playing
video
games
that
took
the
boy
too
much
time
that
he
have
spent
learning．
A．could
B．
must
C．
might
D．
ought
to
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：就是玩游戏花了这个男孩太多的本应该学习的时间。Ought
to
have
done“本应该做却没有做”，could
have
done“本来可能会做”，must
have
done“过去一定会做”，might
have
done“本来可能会做”，所以D。
考点：考查情态动词
【名师揭秘】should
(not)
/
ought
(not)
to
have
done本（不）应该做某事，但却没有做或做了，含有责
备或后悔之意。
高频考点五：考查条件中的虚拟语气
【浙江省五校高三第一次联考】—
But
for
your
timely
warning,
we
_____
into
great
trouble.
—
Well,
you
know
we’re
friends.
A.
would
get
B.
must
have
got
C.
would
have
got
D.
can’t
have
got
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：本题是一个含蓄条件的虚拟语气，它表示的条件不是通过if条件句表示出来，而是通过介词短语but
for要不是，如果没有…；句义：要不是你及时提醒，我就会陷入大麻烦了。—嗯！你知道我们是好朋友的。根据句义可知这件事情发生在过去，故主句使用would
have
done表示对过去情况的虚拟。ACD三项都不能用于对过去情况的虚拟。故C正确。
考点：考查虚拟语气
【名师揭秘】含蓄条件句：句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。有以下情况：
①通过介词短语with，without,
but
for，but
that等。
Without
air,there
would
be
no
living
things.若没有空气，就没有生物。
But
for
your
mother's
help
we
wouldn't
have
finished
the
work.要不是你妈妈帮忙，我们不可能完成这项工作。
②通过连词or,
but，though，once等。
I
would
have
attended
the
meeting,
but
I
have
been
too
busy.我本来要参加会议的，只是太忙了。
③通过不定式短语。
You
would
be
a
fool
to
refuse
his
offer.要是你拒绝他的提议，那就太傻了。
④通过分词短语。
Given
more
attention,
the
trees
could
have
grown
better.
倘若给予更多关心，这些树木本来可以生长得更好。
⑤无词语暗示条件。
Such
mistakes
could
have
been
avoided.
这些错误本来是可以避免的。
高频考点六：考查虚拟条件句中的倒装句
【浙江省温州中学高三上学期期末考试】__________him
not
to
do
so,
he
wouldn’t
have
made
such
a
serious
mistake.
A.
Did
I
persuade
B.
If
I
persuade
C.
If
I
should
persuade
D.
Had
I
persuaded
【答案】D
考点：考查虚拟条件句的省略倒装
【名师揭秘】如果条件句的从句部分含有were，should或had，有时可将if省略，把were，should或had移到句首。情态动词和虚拟语气检测卷（2）
（时间50分钟；满分100分）
班级_________________姓名_____________考号_________________得分_______________________
I
语言知识及应用
(共两节，满分45分)
第一节
完形填空
(共20小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
【浙江省湖州、衢州、丽水三市2017届高三9月教学质量检测】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I
ask
my
grandpa
what
it
feels
like
to
grow
old.
He
___1___
this
question
while
we
sit
in
his
office
overlooking
the
yard,
where
an
empty
bird
feeder
swings
___2___
from
a
tree
branch.
The
yard
has
gone
into
a
state
of
___3___
in
recent
years.
Grandpa
no
longer
possesses
the
energy
to
maintain
its
___4___
splendid
glory.
After
taking
a
sip
of
his
black
tea,
he
asks
me
a
question.
“Have
you
ever
been
in
a
hot
___5___
when
the
water
ran
cold ”
I
tell
him
I
have.
“That’s
what
___6___
feels
like,”
he
says.
“At
first
the
water
is
too
warm,
but
you
___7___
the
heat
and
begin
enjoying
it.
When
you’re
young,
you
think
it’s
going
to
be
this
way
___8___.
But
one
day
you
realize
the
___9___
begins
to
drop.
You
gradually
feel
the
warmth
leaving
your
body.
The
water
is
still
pleasant,
but
you
know
it’ll
soon
become
cold
and
there’s
nothing
you
can
do,”
he
___10___.
“I
knew
a
few
people
who
decided
to
___11___
the
shower.
I
was
able
to
stay
in
because
I
___12___
myself
recalling
the
showers
of
my
youth.
It’s
too
late
now,
and
no
matter
how
hard
I
try,
I’ll
never
get
the
hot
water
___13___
again.”
This
is
how
my
grandpa
felt
about
growing
old,
but
he
has
lived
a
good
life
to
have
___14___
the
birth
of
his
children,
grandchildren
and
great-grandchildren.
After
dinner,
I
fetch
a
bag
of
birdseed,
take
it
out
to
the
___15___
and
pour
the
seed
into
the
feeder.
I
go
inside,___16___
to
tell
Grandpa
about
what
I’ve
done,
only
to
find
he
is
sleeping.
I
think
about
waking
him
up
___17___
decide
not
to
disturb
his
sleep,
a
sleep
which
will
soon
___18___
forever.
I
hope
he
is
___19___
the
dreams
of
his
youth,
remembering
the
___20___
of
days
gone
by,
the
days
before
the
water
ran
cold.
1.
A.
reads
B.
considers
C.
admits
D.
asks
2.
A.
wildly
B.
lifelessly
C.
helplessly
D.
slowly
3.
A.
decline
B.
peace
C.
boom
D.
repair
4.
A.
ever
B.
lately
C.
once
D.
only
5.
A.
stove
B.
shower
C.
temper
D.
day
6.
A.
growing
B.
sleeping
C.
aging
D.
living
7.
A.
get
used
to
B.
get
addicted
to
C.
get
tired
of
D.
get
rid
of
8.
A.
instead
B.
forever
C.
sometime
D.
then
9.
A.
pressure
B.
quality
C.
temperature
D.
level
10.
A.
concludes
B.
compromises
C.
complains
D.
continues
11.
A.
take
B.
enjoy
C.
leave
D.
refuse
12.
A.
contented
B.
confused
C.
taught
D.
cheated
13.
A.
on
B.
off
C.
up
D.
down
14.
A.
ordered
B.
given
C.
demanded
D.
witnessed
15.
A.
window
B.
yard
C.
room
D.
office
16.
A.
disappointed
B.
puzzled
C.
depressed
D.
excited
17.
A.
but
B.
so
C.
or
D.
and
18.
A.
end
B.
change
C.
last
D.
disappear
19.
A.
valuing
B.
achieving
C.
experiencing
D.
dreaming
20.
A.
strength
B.
warmth
C.
energy
D.
soul
【答案】1.
B
2.
B
3.
A
4.
C
5.
B
6.
C
7.
A
8.
B
9.
C
10.
D
11.
C
12.
A
13.
A
14.
D
15.
B
16.
D
17.
A
18.
C
19.
D
20.
B
2.
B
考查副词。wildly疯狂地，粗暴地，野蛮地；lifelessly无生机地；
helplessly无助地；slowly慢慢地。句意：在院子里面，树枝上有一只空的喂鸟器毫无生机地摇摆着。因为没有了鸟的存在，喂鸟器也毫无生机了，故选B.
3.
A
考查名词辨析。根据下文“Grandpa
no
longer
possesses
the
energy
to
maintain”
爷爷再也没有精力去维修了，可知应该是衰败中，故选decline衰落；
peace和平；boom繁荣；repair修理。故选A。
4.
C
.
考查副词。
ever永远，曾经，以前；lately近来，最近，不久以前；
once一次，曾经，一旦；only仅仅，只是。根据句意可知，爷爷再也没有精力去维持曾经的辉煌了。故选C。
5.
B
考查名词辨析。你有过你一直在洗热火澡，突然冷水出来了？
Stove炉子；shower
淋浴；
temper性情，脾气；
day天，白天。由此可知是showers更为合适，故选B.
8.
B
考查副词辨析。Instead相反地；forever永远；sometime
有时；
then那时。根据句意：当你年轻的时候，你认为永远都会这样，故选B。
9.
C
考查名词辨析。根据本空后的“You
gradually
feel
the
warmth
leaving
your
body.”
你慢慢地感觉到温暖离开你的身体，可知水变冷了，即温度下降了，故选C.
temperature温度；
pressure
压力；
quality质量；level水平，故选C。
10.
D
考查动词。。A.
concludes总结；B.
compromises妥协C.
complains
抱怨；D.
continues继续。从上下文的语境可知是爷爷继续说，故选D.
continues继续
11.
C.
考查动词辨析。水依然舒服，但很快就会变冷，你什么也做不了。我知道有些人决定不洗了。根据上下文的语境可知水变冷了，所以想离开。故选C.
leave离开。符合语境，故选C。
12.
A
考查动词辨析。
A.
contented满足的，满意的；B.
confused困惑的；C.
taught
教D.
cheated欺骗。我要呆在那儿因为我满足于回忆我以前的风风雨雨。通过上下文的内容可知是满足于回忆，故选A。
13.
A
考查固定搭配。Sth
get
on某事进行下去；get
off下车；出发，离去，不涉足；
get
up起床
；get
down下来，写下来，记下。句意：现在太晚了，不管我怎么努力，我再也不会得到热水了。故根据句意可知A符合题意，故选A.
14.
D
考查动词。A.
order命令；B.
give给C.
demand要求；D.
witness见证。根据句意可知：这就是我爷爷变老的感觉，但他过着幸福的生活，亲眼目睹（witness）了他的子孙后代。通过分析可知D符合语境。
15.
B
考查名词辨析。从下文“I
go
inside”.可知我是走出了院子。故选B.
yard院子。
18.
C
考查动辨析。A.
end结束；
B.
change
变化；C.
last
持续；D.
disappear消失。句意：一个很快就会永远持续的睡眠。根据句意说明爷爷很快就会去世。故选C.
19.
D
考查固定搭配。
A.
value…B.
achieve；C.
experience；D.
dream。根据句意：我希望爷爷能梦到他年轻时。Dream
a…dream.做….的梦想。故选D.
20.
B
考查名词。A.
strength力气；B.
warmt温暖；C.
energy精力；D.
soul灵魂;
精神。根据句意：想起逝去的温暖的日子。根据句意可知B正确的。
第二节
语法填空
(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
21．—What
have
you
learned
from
your
experience
in
the
USA
—Well,
meeting
people
from
another
culture________be
very
difficult.
22．Some
young
people
these
days,
especially
the
homebodies,
just________not
go
out
of
their
homes
to
experience
the
real
world.
23．—Mum,
can
I
go
on
a
holiday
with
my
classmates
this
summer
vacation
—OK.You________have
a
chance
if
you
get
along
well
with
your
studies.
24．—I
think
I
saw
Mr.
Smith
at
yesterday’s
party.
—He
________(be)
there.
He
is
now
on
a
business
trip
in
Greece.
And
he
left
the
day
before
yesterday.
25．
You
________pay
too
much
attention
to
your
reading
skill,
as
it
is
so
important.
26．—What’s
your
comment
on
the
match
—We
________(score),
but
today
was
not
our
day.
27．
I
forget
where
I
learned
the
saying，or
I________(show)
it
to
you
now.
28．
It’s
a
pity
you
were
late,
otherwise
you________(see)
the
film
star
Rain
from
Korea.
29．
Had
the
government
limited
the
sales
of
cars
much
earlier,
traffic
jam
and
pollution
________(be)
so
serious
now.
30．—I
failed
again,
I
wish
I________(work)
harder.
—But
you
didn’t.
24．couldn’t
have
been [句意：——我认为在昨天的聚会上我看到史密斯先生了。——不可能，他正在希腊旅行，前天离开的。根据后面提到的
He
is
now
on
a
business
trip
in
Greece.And
he
left
the
day
before
yesterday.可知是对过去的否定推测，couldn’t
have
done不可能做了某事，符合语境。]
25．can’t [句意：无论你怎样重视阅读技能都不过分，因为它是如此的重要。情态动词can’t与too连用，表示肯定，意为“越……越好，怎样都不过分。”]
26．could
have
scored [根据语境可知该处是对过去的虚拟(情态动词＋have
done)，又因为根据句意此处意为“我们本能够获胜的”，即could
have
done。]
27．would
show [句意：我忘了我在哪里学到的这句谚语了，否则我现在就拿给你看了。根据句意可知or后面是一种假设情况，是对现在情况的假设和虚拟，应该用would＋动词原形。]
28．would
have
seen [句意：很遗憾你迟到了，否则你就会看到来自韩国的电影明星Rain了。根据otherwise判断此处是含蓄型的虚拟语气，表示对过去的虚拟时，主句用would/should/might
have
done。]
II阅读
(共两节，满分30分)
第一节
阅读理解
(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【河南省中原名校（即豫南九校）2018届高三第二次质量考评试题】A
The
House
at
Pooh
Corner
by
A.
A.
Milne
I
bought
a
box
set
of
four
Winnie
the
Pooh
books
while
on
holiday
when
I
was
eight
years
old.
I
adored
Pooh,
Piglet,
Tigger
and
Eeyore.
They
became
very
real
to
me
and
I
credit
them
with
starting
a
lifelong
love
of
reading.
I
still
have
the
box
set,
and
loved
reading
the
stories
to
my
children
when
they
were
small.
Part
of
me
secretly
believes
A.
A.
Milne’s
wonderful
characters
are
all
alive
and
well
and
still
having
their
adventures
in
the
Hundred
Acre
Wood.
-----Roberta
Smith
Jane
Eyre
and
Wuthering
Heights
by
Charlotte
and
Emily
Bronte
I
can
never
separate
Charlotte
Bronte’s
Jane
Eyre
and
Emily
Bronte’s
Wuthering
Heights
when
I
think
about
books
that
have
stayed
with
me.
Both
had
a
deep
impact
on
me
when
I
read
them
as
a
teenager.
They
were
the
first
classic
books
I
read
purely
for
pleasure,
rather
than
because
I
had
to
for
school.
I
grew
up
in
Yorkshire,
not
far
from
where
the
Brontes
lived,
so
part
of
me
really
understood
the
depressing
landscape.
That
close
geographical
connection
led
to
a
lifelong
interest
in
the
authors
as
much
as
in
the
books
themselves.
I
wrote
a
high-school
essay
on
the
contrasts
and
similarities
between
Charlotte
and
Emily
and
their
heroines.
I’d
be
fascinated
to
read
that
essay
now
to
see
what
conclusions
I
reached
as
a
17-year-old.
----Jane
Lee
31.
What
do
we
know
about
the
Winnie
the
Pooh
books
A.
They
are
very
romantic
B.
They
are
designed
for
children
C.
They
describe
summer
holiday
stories
D.
They
encourage
people
to
have
all
kinds
of
adventures
32.
One
reason
why
the
writer
likes
Jane
Eyre
and
Wuthering
Heights
is
that
__________.
A.
the
stories
are
in
the
background
of
an
area
that
the
writer
knows
well
B.
the
stories
helped
the
writer
with
her
essay
writing
C.
they
were
recommended
by
the
teachers
in
her
school
D.
they
were
easy-to-find
classic
novels
33.
The
text
intended
to
tell
us
_________.
A.
to
introduce
the
books’
authors
B.
to
improve
some
classical
literature
C.
to
explain
the
influence
of
these
books
on
the
writers
D.
to
make
comments
on
the
books’
leading
characters
【答案】31.
B
32.
A
33.
C
B
【吉林省长春市2018届高三一模】
Can
exercise
during
childhood
protect
you
against
memory
loss
many
decades
later Exercise
early
in
life
seems
to
have
lifelong
benefits
for
the
brain,in
rats
at
least.
"This
is
an
animal
study,but
it
shows
that
physical
activity
at
a
young
age
is
very
important一not
just
for
physical
development,but
for
the
whole
lifelong
track
of
cognitive（认知的）development
during
ageing,"says
Martin
Wojtowicz
of
the
University
of
Toronto,Canada."In
humans,it
may
delay
the
appearance
of
Alzheimer's
symptoms（阿兹海默氏症）,possibly
to
the
point
of
preventing
them."
Wojtowicz's
team
divided
80
young
male
rats
into
two
equal
groups,and
placed
running
wheels
in
the
cages
of
one
group
for
a
period
of
six
weeks.Around
four
months
later—when
the
rats
had
reached
middle
age—the
team
taught
all
the
rats
to
connect
an
electric
shock
with
being
in
a
specific
box.When
placed
in
the
box,they
froze
with
fear.
Two
weeks
later,the
team
tested
the
rats
in
three
situations:
exactly
the
same
box
in
the
same
room,the
same
box
with
the
room
arranged
differently,and
a
completely
different
box
in
a
different
room.
The
rats
without
access
to
a
running
wheel
when
they
were
young
now
froze
the
same
percentage
of
times
in
each
of
these
situations,suggesting
they
couldn't
remember
which
one
was
dangerous.But
those
that
had
been
able
to
run
in
their
youth
froze
40
to
50
percent
less
in
both
changed
box
settings.
“The
results
suggest
the
amount
of
physical
activity
when
we're
young,at
least
for
rats,has
influence
on
brain
and
cognitive
health—in
the
form
of
better
memories—when
we're
older,"says
Arthur
Kramer
of
Northeastern
University
in
Boston,who
has
found
that,in
humans,exercise
promotes
the
growth
of
new
brain
cells.
34.
The
study
shows
that______.
A.
physical
activity
is
important
for
physical
health
B.
using
the
running
wheels
is
of
benefit
to
the
rats'
growth
C.
physical
activity
can
prevent
human's
Alzheimer's
symptoms
D.
the
more
exercise
a
rat
has
when
young,the
better
memory
it
will
possess
when
older
35.
How
are
Paragraph
3
and
4
mainly
developed
A.
By
analyzing
causes.
B.
By
giving
an
example.
C.
By
describing
the
process.
D.
By
showing
differences.
36.
What
does
the
underlined
word
"it"
in
Paragraph
2
refer
to
A.
Exercise.
B.
Development.
C.
Benefit.
D.
Study.
37.
What
is
the
author's
attitude
towards
the
animal
study
A.
Negative.
B.
Objective.
C.
Critical.
D.
Doubtful.
【答案】34.
D
35.
C
36.
A
37.
B
C
【浙江省湖州、衢州、丽水三市2017届高三9月教学质量检测】C
With
more
large
solar
farms
being
developed
in
the
sunny
southwestern
United
States,
researchers
and
conservationists
alike
are
beginning
to
notice
surprising
environmental
effects.
While
solar
energy
is
known
for
its
positive
environmental
impacts,
officials
at
the
National
Fish
and
Wildlife
Forensics
Laboratory
have
come
to
recognize
one
of
its
significant
downsides:
Some
specks
of
birds
that
live
close
to
large
solar
plants
(太阳能板)
are
dying
off,
including
endangered
birds.
A
recent
federal
investigation
recovered
233
birds
that
had
been
killed
as
a
direct
result
of
solar
plants.
Researchers
believe
that
some
of
the
affected
birds
have
mistaken
the
large,
reflective
areas
of
the
solar
panels
for
bodies
of
water.
This
is
a
phenomenon
referred
to
by
scientists
as
“lake
effect.”
The
birds
are
drawn
to
what
they
assume
to
be
water.
They
aim
for
the
area
and
slam
into
the
panels
with
great
force.
It
is
thought
that
the
insects
that
birds
cat
fall
victim
to
“lake
effect”
as
well,
leading
the
birds
into
the
panels.
Researchers
figure
that
between
1,000
and
28,000
birds
are
killed
as
a
result
of
harvesting
solar
energy.
The
number
of
birds
affected
by
wind
farming
is
much
greater,
ranging
from
140,000
to
328,000.
Coal-fired
electricity
has
the
largest
negative
effect
on
birds,
killing
nearly
8
million
a
year.
These
numbers
make
solar
farming
seem
like
the
best
option.
However,
conservationists
are
quick
to
point
out
that
areas
where
solar
is
expected
to
boom
between
2015
and
2020
are
home
to
some
of
the
rarest
birds
in
the
United
States.
This
could
put
specific
bird
species
at
risk
of
extinction.
There
exists
a
state
order
in
California
that
20
percent
of
all
electricity
of
all
energy
sold
should
be
renewable
by
the
year
2017.
This
has
been
one
driving
force
behind
the
rapid
development
of
huge
solar
farms.
The
industry,
which
is
expected
to
boom
as
a
result
of
this
change
to
renewable
energy,
is
facing
newly
filed
lawsuits
(起诉)
by
conservationist
groups.
These
lawsuits
could
slow
down
the
approval
process
for
the
planned
solar
development
across
the
Southwest.
38.
What
can
we
infer
from
paragraph
1
A.
Solar
farms
require
a
long
development
period.
B.
Most
people
would
be
shocked
by
the
size
of
solar
farms.
C.
Solar
energy
equipment
looks
strange
to
most
people.
D.
Most
people
think
that
solar
energy
is
very
beneficial.
39.
The
underlined
word
“slam”
in
paragraph
2
is
closest
in
meaning
to
.
A.
dash
B.
break
C.
move
D.
slide
40.
Which
of
the
following
best
reflects
the
author’s
viewpoint
A.
Using
solar
farms
is
the
most
practical
way
to
create
energy.
B.
More
birds
are
endangered
by
solar
farms
than
wind
farming.
C.
Solar
farms
may
not
be
as
friendly
to
the
environment
as
expected.
D.
Ways
should
be
found
to
reduce
“lake
effect”
caused
by
solar
farms.
【答案】38.
D
39.
A
40.
C
39.
A
猜测词义题。根据第二段中的“The
birds
are
drawn
to
what
they
assume
to
be
water.
They
aim
for
the
area
and
slam
into
the
panels
with
great
force.”
鸟儿被吸引到他们认为是水的地方。他们瞄准这个区域，用力撞到面板上。从句意可知，鸟儿认是水，于是以巨大的力量冲向“水面”以致于撞击到面板而撞死。故A.
dash猛符合题意故选A。
40.
C
推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，研究人员估计，1000到28000只鸟因收集太阳能而死亡。受风力影响的鸟类数量要大得多，从140000到328000不等。燃煤发电对鸟类造成的负面影响最大，每年造成近800万人死亡。这些数字使得太阳能养殖看起来是最好的选择。通过数据对比可知，应该是太阳能是最好的选择、故C
第二节
【浙江省湖州、衢州、丽水三市2017届高三9月教学质量检测】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What
Is
Fear
Few
is
a
basic
feeling
arising
when
we
feel
threatened,
and
can
have
physical
symptoms
such
as
sweaty
hands
and
an
increased
heart
rate.
___41___
On
the
upside...
Fear
means
growth.
Fear
tells
us
we
are
moving
towards
the
edge
of
our
comfort
zone.
We
are
doing
something
unfamiliar
and
learning
new
skills.
This
means
we
are
growing,
and
growth
means
that
once
we
go
beyond
the
uncomfortable
bit,
we
will
be
stronger,
better
and
brighter
than
before!
___42___
Things
are
never
as
bad
as
they
seem.
In
most
cases,
the
thing
we
fear
is
never
as
bad
as
we
think
it
will
be.
When
we
are
trying
to
make
a
decision
to
do
something
new,
we
lack
the
perspective
to
sec
further
than
the
familiar
range.
___43___
No.
If
you
look
back
on
some
of
the
scary
things
you’ve
had
to
do
in
the
past,
you
would
now
say.
“What
was
so
scary
about
this !”
We
are
always
stronger
than
we
think!
Fear
can
teach
us
so
much
about
our
personal
powers.
There
is
no
other
feeling
like
the
victory
you
feel
that
makes
you
realize
you
won.
___44___
Who
cares
You
made
the
leap!
This
will
build
your
confidence!
Think
of
your
yoga
practice.
We
CAN
stand
on
our
hands,
even
though
we
sometimes
doubted
it.
And
it
will
make
us
realize
that
we
are
so
strong!
Fear
be
part
of
life,
and
doesn’t
need
to
be
eliminated.
___45___
We
can
welcome
it;
we
can
cope
with
it
and
proceed
in
spite
of
it.
The
best
decisions
in
life
art
rarely
the
easiest
ones.
Or
rather,
they
may
seem
easy,
but
often
come
with
fear.
To
quit
your
job
is
not
easy,
but
if
you
know
it’s
the
right
thing
to
do,
you
know
what
you
need
to
do.
Following
your
heart
will
not
come
without
fear,
but
it
will
come
with
big
rewards.
A.
Face
the
feeling
of
fear
bravely.
B.
And
everything
unfamiliar
is
scary
C.
Catch
every
opportunity
to
be
successful.
D.
We
don’t
need
to
remove
fear
from
our
lives.
E.
So
when
you
fed
fear
approaching,
say
thank
you!
F.
You
succeeded,
even
though
not
every
try
is
perfect.
G.
But
it
can
be
a
useful
feeling
when
it
comes
to
keeping
us
safe.
【解析】本句是论说文。恐惧虽说让人手出汗，心跳加快等，但如果我们人身安全了，这就是一种有益的感觉，因为恐惧意味着成长，让我们比以前更强大，更好，更光，让我们比想象的要坚强！因此我们不必消除它，可以欢迎它，勇敢地面对它，总会有回报的。
41.
G
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据第一个小标题下面的一段内容：当我们面临威胁时我们的手心会出汗，心跳加快等，___.从下面的小标题可以看出讲的恐惧的益处。通过对七处选项的对比可知G.
But
it
can
be
a
useful
feeling
when
it
comes
to
keeping
us
safe但当说到我们保持安全时，这会是一种有益的感觉，符合本题，故选G。
44.
F
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本空前的“There
is
no
other
feeling
like
the
victory
you
feel
that
makes
you
realize
you
won.”句意：没有任何其他的感觉能像胜利那样让你意识到你赢了。就是对You
succeed
的解释，故选F。
45.
D
考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据本段的小标题“Fear
b
part
of
lift,
and
doesn’t
need
to
be
eliminated”恐惧是提高的一部分，不需要被消除。而与D.
We
don’t
need
to
remove
fear
from
our
lives的意思是一致的，故选D。
III
写作
(满分25分)
【黑龙江省伊春市第二中学2018届高三上学期第一次月考】
应同学们要求，你将在下一次班会上向全班介绍你学习英语的经验体会。请就下表的内容，用英语写一篇短文，向同学们宣读。
采用方法
获益方面
朗读、背诵多听、交际记日记掌握语法
记忆力、英语思维听说能力书面表达正确表达
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear
classmates,
Now
I'd
like
to
tell
you
how
I
learn
English._____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear
classmates,
Now
I'd
like
to
tell
you
how
I
learn
English.
I
often
read
English
aloud
and
try
to
learn
something
important
by
heart,which
helps
me
to
improve
my
ability
of
memory
and
form
the
good
habit
of
thinking
in
English.
I
listen
a
lot
and
communicate
with
others
in
English.In
this
way,I've
improved
both
my
listening
and
my
spoken
English.
I
keep
a
diary
in
English
every
day
and
my
written
English
is
becoming
better
and
better.
I
also
try
my
best
to
master
the
necessary
grammar
knowledge.By
this
means,I
can
express
myself
correctly.
That's
how
I
have
been
learning
English.I
hope
it
will
be
useful
to
you.
That's
all.Thank
you.
【名师点睛】本文是一篇演讲式作文。属于提纲式作文。本文就如何学习英语这一问题向全班同学介绍自己的经验体会。因此首先要确定要介绍的主题和目的。这种文章的语言形式一般来说比较简单，较少采用复杂的句式，可使用长短句，有张有弛，富有节奏感。接着要确定介绍的观点及其逻辑顺序。情态动词和虚拟语气（2）
语法知识精练
I．单句填空
1．—Sorry,
Mum!
I
failed
the
job
interview
again.
—Oh,
it’s
too
bad.You
________
have
made
full
preparations.
2．I
________have
worried
before
I
came
to
the
new
school,
for
my
classmates
here
are
very
friendly
to
me.
3．I’ve
ordered
some
pizza，so
we
________
worry
about
cooking
when
we
get
home
tired.
4．It
was
sad
to
me
that
they，so
poor
themselves，________
bring
me
food.
5．Life
is
unpredictable；even
the
poorest
________
become
the
richest.
6．If
Mr.Dewey
________(be)
present，he
would
have
offered
any
possible
assistance
to
the
people
there.
7．We
would
rather
our
daughter
________(stay)
at
home
with
us，but
it
is
her
choice，and
she
is
not
a
child
any
longer.
8．They
were
abroad
during
the
months
when
we
were
carrying
out
the
investigation，or
they
________(come)
to
our
help.
9．We
________(be)
back
in
the
hotel
now
if
you
didn’t
lose
the
map.
10．Had
he________(catch)
the
morning
train，he
would
not
have
been
late
for
the
meeting.
4．should [句意：让我难过的是，他们自己那么贫穷，竟然还给我带来食物。本题考查情态动词。情态动词should可以表示说话人惊讶的语气，意为“竟然”。]
5．might [句意：生活是不可预测的；即使是最穷的人也有可能成为最富有的人。在这里表示不确定性，所以用表达可能性最小的情态动词might。]
6．had
been [句意：如果Mr.Dewey在现场的话，他会对在那儿的人提供任何可能的援助。根据句意可知，题干表示与过去的事实相反，故从句谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，答案是had
been。]
9．should/could/would/might
be [句意：如果你没有丢掉地图，我们现在就回到宾馆了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知，if引导的从句是对过去事实的阐述，而主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，其谓语动词应为：would/should/could/might＋do结构。]
10．caught [句意：要是他赶上了早晨的火车，那他就不会开会迟到了。本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意，此处是与过去事实相反的假设，条件状语从句应该用过去完成时。本题为省略if的虚拟条件句，应把助动词had提到句首，变为倒装句式。]
II．语法填空（语篇填空）【河北省沧州市2018届高三教学质量监测】阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Hong
Kong-Zhuhai-Macao
Bridge
will
be
the
world's
longest
bridge
over
water
when
it___1___(complete).The
bridge
is
now___2___construction
and
will
be
put
to
use
by
the
end
of
this
year.
A
journey
by
land,___3___can
take
up
to
four
hours,
will
be___4___(great)
shortened.
Now
it
only
takes
as
little
as
thirty
minutes.
From
an
artificial
island
near
Hong
Kong
International
Airport,
the
structure___5___(run)
west
to
another
artificial
island
in
Macao,a___6___(distant)
of
55
kilometers,20
times
the
length
d
San
Francisco's
Golden
Gate
Bridge.___7___total
of
400,000
tons
of
steel
were
used
in
the
project,
equal
to
60
times
the
steel
used___8___(build)
the
Eiffel
Tower.
Engineers
were
faced
with
complex
geological
conditions
and
technical
challenges.
The
building
of
the
bridge
combines
the___9___(late)
engineering
technology
and
design,
enabling
the
structure
to
withstand
a
magnitude
8
earthquake,
a
super
typhoon
or
a
strike
by
a
ship___10___(weigh)
300,000
tons.
According
to
historical
data,
most
big,
cross-sea
bridges
last
100
years
while
Hong
Kong-Zhuhai-Macao
Bridge
is
designed
to
last
120
years.
【答案】1.
is
completed
2.
under
3.
which
4.
greatly
5.
runs
6.
distance
7.
A
8.
to
build
9.
latest
10.
weighing
【解析】
1.
2.
考查介词。句意：它现在正在建设中。固定短语：under
construction（在建设中），故填under.
3.
考查关系代词。非限制性定语从句，行先词是journey（旅程），从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词，故填which.
4.
考查副词。句意：陆地上的旅程将被极大地缩短。副词greatly作状语，故填greatly.
5.
考查动词。此处是谓语动词，说的是一般状况，所以要用一般现在时态，主语是the
structure（这个建筑物），是单数形式，所以谓语也要用第三人称单数形式，故填runs.
6.
考查名词。固定短语：a
distance
of（一个……的距离），故填distance.
7.
考查冠词。固定短语：a
total
of（总计……），位于句子开头，要大写，故填A.
8.
考查不定式。句意：等同于为了修建艾菲尔铁塔被使用的钢的60倍。不定式to
build作目的状语，故填to
build.
9.
考查形容词。句意：桥的建设合并了最新的工程技术和设计。要用形容词的最高级作定语，修饰名词。故填latest.
10.
考查现在分词。现在分词weighing（重量为）作定语，修饰名词ship，与之是主动关系，故填weighing.
