keep on 和There’s no doubt that…
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1.The doctor suggested that he shouldn’t _________ in bed for long.
A. keep on lying B. keep lying
C. keep to lie D. keep lie
【参考答案】B
【试题解析】句意：医生建议他不应该持续卧床太久。keep on doing sth. 表示反复发生的动作；在此句中表示的是状态的延续，故用keep doing sth.。
【归纳拓展】
keep on 继续
（1）用作不及物动词短语，在句中单独使用
（2）构成短语keep on doing sth. “继续做某事”
?Keep on until you come to a filling station.继续前进，直到加油站为止。
?They kept on working although they were tired.
他们虽然很疲劳，但还是继续工作。
?The heavy rain didn't keep them from watching the football match.
大雨没能阻止他们看足球赛。
2. There is no doubt ________ you are bound to have an accident if you drive so fast down the motorway.
A. which B. whether
C. that D. if
【参考答案】C
【试题解析】考查连词（固定句型）。There is no doubt that…是固定句型，意思是“毫无疑问……”，其中，that引导同位语从句。句意：如果你在高速公路上开得这么快，毫无疑问会出事故的。故选C。
【归纳拓展】
There is no doubt that...是固定句型，意思是“毫无疑问/肯定……”。
?There is no doubt that they will come to help us.
毫无疑问他们会来帮助我们的。
?There is no doubt that he is an honest man.
毫无疑问他是一个诚实的人。
3. I don’t doubt he took the first place in his class, but I doubt he will succeed in the end.
A.if; that B.if; which
C.whether; whether D.that; whether
【参考答案】D
【试题解析】考查动词doubt的用法。句意:我不怀疑他在班上取得了第一名,但我不确定的是最后他能 否成功。doubt与否定副词连用时,其后的宾语从句通常由that引导;doubt用于肯定句时,其后的宾语从句 通常由whether/if引导,故本题选D。
【归纳拓展】
（1）当doubt为名词时，在否定句或疑问句中，其后面接that引导的同位语从句；若用在肯定句中，后接whether引导的同位语从句，注意此时不可以用if替换whether。
（2）当其为动词时，若用在否定句或疑问句中，后面接that引导的宾语从句；若用在肯定句中，后接whether或if引导的宾语从句。
（3）in doubt怀疑，拿不定主意
no/without/beyond/out of doubt无疑地，必定，毫无疑问
1. The Pacific region will be one of the fastest growing areas in the world in the 21st century. _______ shouldn’t be
any doubt about it now.
A.It B.That
C.This D.There
2. __________ in the world ______China is a great country with a long history and rich history.
A.There is no doubt; if B.It is no doubt; that
C.There is no doubt; that D.It is no doubt; whether
3. There is no doubt that it is around the family and the home ______all the greatest virtues of human society are
created, strengthened, and maintained.
A.that B.where
C.which D.with
4. In Kenya’s vast Tsavo National Park, breeding herds of elephants are a common sight, the new babies hurrying
to_______ their mothers.
A. keep track of B. keep up with
C. keep in touch with D. keep away from
5．Walking alone in the dark, the boy whistled to________his courage.
A. keep up B. hold up
C. take up D. set up
1. D【解析】考查代词。句意为：太平洋地区将会是21世纪世界上增长最快的地区之一，现在这一点是不 应该有任何疑问的。此处为there be句型，表示“毫无疑问的”，故D项正确。
2. C【解析】考查固定句型和同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问在这个世界上中国是有着悠久历史的国家。使用 句型There is no doubt that…意为“毫无疑问……”。that引导同位语从句。故选C。
3. A【解析】考查强调句。句意：毫无疑问，所有人类社会的美德是在家庭周围被创造，加强并保持的。使 用强调句，结构是It is+强调部分+that+其余部分。故选A。
4. B【解析】考查动词词组。keep track of 与……保持联系；keep up with跟上；keep in touch with保持联 系；keep away from远离。在Kenya’s vast Tsavo公园，饲养大象是常见的景象，新 来的婴儿匆匆忙忙 赶上母亲。故选B。
【归纳拓展】
keep 构成的短语有：
keep back(与……)保持距离；抑制；隐瞒
keep off不接近 keep out挡住；使不进入
keep away from避开 keep up with赶上；跟上
keep one’s word /promise履行诺言
keep...from (doing) sth阻止某人做某事
keep in touch with与……保持联系
keep to坚守；遵守；坚持
keep...in mind记住
5. A【解析】考查词组辨析。句意：独自在黑暗中行走，小男孩打着口哨给自己壮胆。keep up one's courage 意为“鼓足勇气，不丧胆”。hold up举起，支撑；take up从事，占据；set up建立，创立。故选A。
进步从总结开始!
oppose和consequence
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. If you only focus on what a child is doing wrong, he’ll naturally you, which leads to arguments and
worse conduct.
A. oppose B. criticize
C. distinguish D. blame
【参考答案】A
【归纳拓展】
oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量
常见搭配：
oppose
oppose sth.to/against sth.使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗
be opposed to...反对……；与……对立（to是介词）
2. （2014·广东卷）On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better.
For example, when teenagers who don’t help their parents with the shopping don’t find their favorite drink in
the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 (reconsider) their actions.
A. failures B. changes
C. consequences D. thrills
【参考答案】C
【试题解析】据下文所举的例子＂不帮父母去买东西，在冰箱里就找不到自己最喜欢的饮料＂可知，这是让孩子＂感受到自己的行为产生的‘后果’＂，consequence＂后果＂符合语境，故选C。
【归纳拓展】
consequence n．[C] 结果；后果；影响
常见搭配：
as a consequence＝in consequence结果，因此
in consequence of＝as a consequence of由于，因为……的缘故
answer for the consequences对后果负责
take the consequences of承担……责任
?The city was in ruins in consequence of/as a consequence of a severe earthquake.
由于严重的地震，这座城市变成了废墟。
?She studied hard，and in consequence/as a consequence she passed the examination.她努力学习，结果通过了考试。
?I was caught in the heavy rain and consequently(consequent)I was late.
我碰上了大雨，所以迟到了。
1. My parents strongly _________ my _________ to go to college out of Beijing, because they don't like my being
far away from them.
A.enjoy; wish B.oppose; attempt
C.advocate; effort D.object; desire
2. ________ his high social status, it is really hard for us to _________his joining us in going west to teach children
there.
A.Considering; oppose B. Considered; prevent from
C. To consider; persuade D. Being considered; object to
3. The problem of smog is becoming increasingly serious. _________, the citizens need to wear masks when going
out.
A.On the contrary B.In other words
C.As a consequence D.On the whole
1. B【解析】考查动词和名词辨析。句意：我父母强烈反对我去北京以外的地方上大学，因为他们不喜欢我 远离他们。A. enjoy喜欢，享受；wish愿望；B. oppose反对；attempt尝试，企图；C. advocate拥护， 为……辩护；effort工作，努力；D. object不赞成，反对（不及物动词）；desire欲望，愿望。故选B。
2. A【解析】句意：鉴于他高的社会地位，我们真的很难反对他和我们一起去西部教书。Considering在此作介词；oppose“反对”。
进步从总结开始!
range和glance
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1.（2016﹒江苏）—Can you tell us your for happiness and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely.
A. recipe B. record
C. range D. receipt
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】考查名词。本题谈论的是幸福和长寿的秘诀,因此选择recipe。recipe除了可以表示"食谱",还 可以表示"秘诀"。
2.（2017﹒北京）The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to elephants.
A. ranging B. range
C. to range D. ranged
【参考答案】A
【归纳拓展】
range
(1) n. 种，类；范围；一系列；山脉；射程。常见搭配：
a wide range of 各种各样的
in/within range (of…) 在……范围内；在可及的范围内
beyond/out of one's range 超过某人承受的范围
beyond/out of range of… 超过……的范围
?The student has a very wide range of interests.
那个学生的兴趣非常广泛。
?The price of the house is well within our range.
这所房子的价格还在我们能承受的范围。
(2)v. (在一定范围内)变动；排列
range from sth.to sth.
＝range between sth.and sth.处于某范围内
?Accommodation ranges from tourist class to luxury hotels.
住宿条件从经济旅馆至豪华宾馆不等。
3. ________at the newspapers before breakfast, the professor had a brief understanding of what was happening
throughout the nation.
A.To glance B.Having glanced
C.Glancing D.Glanced
【参考答案】C
【归纳拓展】
glance vi.看一下；瞥一眼；扫视；n.[C]一瞥
glance over/through/at浏览
at first glance/sight乍一看
give/take a glance (at)(朝……)一瞥
1. It’s a common after a serious earthquake that families cry helplessly over what is left of their
homes.
A. scene B. scenery
C. view D. glance
2. Lily is so shy that whenever she is introduced to strangers, she always at them quickly and then looks
down at the ground.
A.stares B.glances
C.laughs D.points
3. The doctor at the patient quickly and rang for an ambulance immediately.
A.glanced B.glared
C.gazed D.stared
4. This restaurant has become popular for its wide of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division B. area
C. range D. circle
5. ——Can you shoot the bird at the top of the tree?
——No, it’s out of ___________.
A. range B. reach
C. control D. distance
6. ——How much will I pay for a night?
——Prices ________ from room to room.
A. vary B. increase
C. divide D. range
【易混辨析】glance/glare/stare
glance 指快速地看某人或某物一眼，强调动作
glare 指怒视，强调敌对、威胁的态度
stare 指由于害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物，也指盯着看
3. A【解析】考查动词用法辨析。句意:快速看了一眼病人之后,这名医生立即打电话叫了一辆救护车。glance at匆匆地看一眼;glare at怒目而视;gaze at(因惊讶、喜悦或有兴趣而)注视,凝视;stare at(因吃惊、恐惧等而) 盯着看。结合题干中的关键词quickly和选项可知本题选A。
4. C【解析】句意:因为有各种各样的食物来满足所有口味和消费阶层,这家饭店已非常受欢迎。range表示" 种,类,一系列",符合语境。division分开;area面积;circle圆圈。
贵有恒何必三更眠五更起，最无益只怕一日曝十日寒。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
result in和even if
高考频度：★★☆☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1. The key to solving the unemployment problem creating more job opportunities.
A.lies in B.results in
C.adapts to D.leads to
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：解决失业问题的关键在于创造更多的就业机会。lie in在于；result in导致，造成；adapt to适应；lead to导致，通向。故选A。
2. Failure to observe all Park rules could _________ being driven out of the Park without refund(退款).
A. result in B. turn out
C. watch over D. insist on
【参考答案】A
【名师点津】
result in导致，造成……的结果
其中in是介词，后面跟名词、动名词作宾语。近义词（组）有cause,bring about,lead to, contribute to。
【易混辨析】
result in/result from
result in意为“导致，造成”，指引起某种结果，即主语是原因，宾语是结果。
result from意为“因……而发生，随……发生”，指某种结果是由于某种原因而产生的，即主语是结果，宾语是原因。
?Lack of exercise results in many illnesses. 缺乏锻炼会引起很多疾病。
?His stomachache resulted from his eating too much.
由于吃得太多，他肚子疼。
3.（2015﹒北京）You won’t find paper cutting difficult___________ you keep practicing it.
A. even if B. as long as
C. as if D. ever since
【参考答案】B
1. Personally, it was his laziness rather than his intelligence that the failure.
A.resulted from B.led to
C.made up for D.gave in to
2. The soldiers hid themselves behind the bush the enemy found them.
A.so that B.as if
C.even if D.in case
3. We students should hold such an attitude: we achieve great success in our study, we should not be
proud.
A.only if B.in case
C.now that D.even though
4. He has got lung cancer__________ smoking twenty cigarettes a day.
A.so B.as a result of
C.as a result D.so that
1. B【解析】句意:我个人认为,是他的懒惰而不是智力导致了失败。根据句意应选择lead to"导致"。result from" 由……引起",make up for"弥补",give in to"屈服于,向……让步"。
4. B【解析】考查副词及短语辨析。句意为：由于每天吸20根烟，他得了肺癌。so表示“所以”；as a result of表示“由于”；as a result表示“结果”；so that表示“以便、为了”，故B项正确。
subscribe 和 quantity
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1.（2015﹒浙江卷）We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or ____________ our
emotions than for straight facts.
A. block off B. appeal to
C. subscribe to D. come across
【参考答案】B
2. What makes people happy is that the authorities no longer the view that disabled people are unsuitable
as teachers.
A. subscribe to B. block out
C. turn down D. hold back
【参考答案】A
【试题解析】考查动词短语。句意:使人们高兴的是,当局不再支持残疾人不适合做教师的观点。subscribe to"同意,赞成",符合语境。block out"抹去,遮住";turn down"拒绝,顶回";hold back"隐瞒,控制"。
【知识讲解】
subscribe
（1）v. 同意，赞成；捐助，出资；订阅。常见搭配：
subscribe to…同意/赞成……(=agree with…)；订阅（报刊等）
subscribe… to…为……捐助（金钱等）(=contribute… to…)
? They haven’t subscribed to newspapers yet.
他们还没有订阅报纸。
（2）vt. 在……签名；签。常见搭配：
subscribe… to…在……上签……
? I subscribed my name to the document.
我在文件上签了名。
名师点津
subscribe to中to是介词，其后要跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
3. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _______ each year.
A.is washing away B.is being washed away
C.are washing away D.are being washed away
【参考答案】D
【知识讲解】
①a large/small quantity of＝large/small quantities of“大/少量的”，既可以
修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词
②in quantity 在数量上；大量地
in large quantities 大量地
a quantity of和quantities of既可修饰可数名词，又可修饰不可数名词，谓语动词由quantity本身的数决定。
? There is a large quantity of rain in this area. 这一地区雨量大。
? There are large quantities of rain in this area.
1. The new student many journals concerned with his subject in order to have a good knowledge of the
latest information.
A.subscribes to B.accounts for
C.attends to D.sets up
2. The leaders of Denmark and Finland said on Friday that China has showed a willingness to __________ global
efforts to bail out debt-ridden European countries.
A.contribute to B.subscribe to
C.appeal to D.apply to
3. It is reported that China plans to__________ its controversial temporary residence permit and push forward
reform of the household registration system.
A.refresh B.subscribe
C.abolish D.reserve
4. A large quantity of pigs and chickens ______ on their farm, which ______ extra income.
A.are raised; means B.is raised; means
C.are raised; is meant D.is raised; is meant
5. Large quantities of water ____________ water the fields.
A. are needed to B. is needed to
C. are needed for D. is needed for
6. Large quantities of money ____________ paid for their daughter’s college tuition already, resulting in their plain life.
A. are B. have been
C. was D. has been
1. A【解析】考查动词短语。句意:这个新生订阅了许多跟他的学科有关的杂志,以便很好地了解最新信息。 subscribe to意为"订阅",符合语境。account for"解释,说明";attend to"处理,料理";set up"设立,创立"。
3. C【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：据报道，中国计划废除有争议的临时居住证，推动户籍制度改革。 refresh更新；subscribe签署；abolish废除；reserve储存，保留。故选C。
4. B【解析】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：在农场饲养着大量的猪和鸡，这意味着额外的收入。a large quantity of “大量的”修饰可数名词复数，谓语的单复数和quantity一致，用单数，pigs and chickens和raise 是被动关系。第二空which指代上文的句子，谓语用单数，而且which和mean是主动关系。故选B。
6. B 【解析】＂quantities of +名词＂作主语时，谓语动词使用复数形式。再根据句中的副词already可知， 本句应用现在完成时；又因钱是被支付的，所以要用被动语态。故选B。
周末培优
高考频度：★★★☆☆ 难易程度：★★☆☆☆
1.The farmers needed agricultural technology. Therefore, skilled workers were sent there.
A. a great number of; a large amount of B. a large amount of; a great deal of
C. a large amount of; a great number of D. a great many; a great number of
【参考答案】C
【归纳拓展】
2. So many floods have cut down on the production of peanuts; _______, the price has gone up a great deal.
A. in other words B. in brief
C. even so D. as a result
【参考答案】 D
【试题解析】考查短语辨析。in other words意为“换句话说”；in brief意为“简而言之”；even so意为“即使如此”；as a result意为“结果是，因此”，本句中后面句子是前面句子的结果，所以D项符合句意。句意：很多洪水减少花生的生产,因此,价格上涨了很多。故选D。
【归纳拓展】
result的相关短语：
as a result结果
as a result of...由于……的结果
without result没有结果；白费
3.（2016·北京）My grandfather still plays tennis now and then, __________he’s in his nineties.
A.as long as B.as if
C.even though D.in case
【参考答案】C
【名师点津】
1. even though“即使，尽管”，与even if同义，引导让步状语从句，从句常用一般
时态代替将来时态，可位于句首或句中。
2. even though/if引导的让步状语从句，其主从句谓语可以用陈述语气说明事实或
可能成为事实，也可以用虚拟语气说明与事实相反情况或不可能成为事实的情
况。如：
?Even though Bruce gets accepted to Harvard, his family isn’t able to afford the
expensive tuition.
即使布鲁斯被哈佛大学录取，他家也付不起那昂贵的学费。
?Even though the poisoned man had been treated in the hospital, he wouldn’t have
been saved.
即使那个中毒的人在医院得到治疗，他也不会被救活。
1. There_________ quantities of apples in the basket and there was _________milk in the bucket.
A. were; a number of B. was; quantities of
C. were; a quantity of D. was; a good many
2. I have made up my mind to achieve my goal. ________I fail again, I will have a try.
A.Even if B.In case
C.As if D.Now that
3. The teacher was angry that all of them arrived late for a(an) ___ of reasons.
A.range B.variety C.series D.amount
4. ——What do you think of the plan to build a power station in the village?
——I don’t ______ to it at all. It will ruin the village.
A.respond B.submit C.subscribe D.contribute
5. He has got lung cancer__________ smoking twenty cigarettes a day.
A.so B.as a result of
C.as a result D.so that
6. I will show the world that, as a refugee, I can do something I don’t get gold or silver.
A.in case B.even if
C.so that D.as though
7. ——Will you go to John’s party this Friday?
——Of course not, ______.
A.if invited B.even if invited
C.until invited D.when invited
8. You are allowed to get access to our computer system you get the manager’s permission.
A.if only B.unless C.even if D.only if
9. We had______fun at Mary's party last Sunday, which was an impressive memory.
A.a large number of B.a great many
C.a great deal of D.many a
10. As ______ consequence of all his hard training, Paul was able to take_____ lead and race.
A.the, a B.a, the C./,/ D.a, a
11. It’s good habit to keep everything_______ in your study.
A.in the way B.in place
C.in hand D.in case
12. In her partnership with BabyTree, Jessup will write a weekly blog that explores the ________ and meanings
behind English names.
A.origins B.consequences
C.resources D.symbols
3. B 【解析】句意：“由于种种原因，他们都来晚了，老师对此很生气。”a variety of...表示“各种各样的” 之意。而a range of ...表示“一系列的……”，a series of表示“一连串的……”；an amount of表示“很 多的……”，其后接不可数名词。
4. C【解析】考查动词辨析。respond回应，回复；submit顺从，屈服，提交；subscribe同意，赞成，订阅； contribute贡献。句意：—你认为在这个村子里建一个电站这个计划怎么样？ —我一点也不赞成。它 会毁掉这个村子的。由句意可知，C选项切题。
5. B【解析】考查副词及短语辨析。句意为：由于每天吸20根烟，他得了肺癌。so表示“所以”；as a result of表示“由于”；as a result表示“结果”；so that表示“以便、为了”，故B项正确。
6. B【解析】考查状语从句。句意:我会向世人证明,作为一个难民,即使我没有夺金或夺银,我也可以完成一些
事。根据句意,这里是让步关系,故选even if "即使"。
7. B【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：---这周五，你会去参加约翰的生日聚会吗？---当然不，即使收到 邀请。根据句意可知，第二句中用even if引起让步状语从句，even if后面省去了I am。当从句主语与 句主语一致，且从句谓语包括有系动词be时，可省略从句的主语和系动词be。故选B。
8. D【解析】考查状语从句。句意：只要你得到经理的许可，你被允许可以使用我们的电脑系统。A. if only 要是……就好了（从句使用虚拟语气）；B. unless除非； C. even if即使；D. only if只要。故选D。
9. C【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意为：上周日Mary的派对很有趣，给我留下了深刻的回忆。a large number of意为“很多”，修饰可数名词复数；a great many意为“很多”，修饰可数名词复数；a great deal of意 为“很多”，修饰不可数名词；many a意为“很多”，修饰可数名词复数。
10. B【解析】考查冠词。句意：由于他所有的刻苦训练，Paul能够领先。使用短语as a consequence of由于， 因为；和take the lead领先。故选B。
每周一测
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly complicated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.
Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, it’ s necessary to translate our morals into AI language.
For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldn’ t want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.
Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans. Obviously there are cultural differences, but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space, you wouldn’ t think that’ s the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.
It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines, if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.
Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior. They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.
The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and they’ ve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo(禁忌).
One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.
If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human. If we humans aren’ t quite sure about a decision, we go and ask somebody else.
The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical (种族的)rules. But if we come up with an answer, robots could be good for humanity.
1. What does the author say about the threat of robots?
A. It may constitute a challenge to computer programmers.
B. It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.
C. It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.
D. It has become an inevitable(不可避免的) danger as technology gets more complicated.
2. How do robots learn human values?
A. By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.
B. By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.
C. By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.
D. By imitating the behavior of property brought-up human beings.
3. What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?
A. Keep a distance from possible dangers.
B. Stop to seek advice from a human being.
C. Set off its built-in alarm system at once.
D. Do sufficient testing before taking action.
4. What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?
A. Determine what is moral and ethical.
B. Design some large-scale experiments.
C. Set rules for man-machine interaction.
D. Develop a more sophisticated program.
B
Why do some people live to be older than others? You know the standard explanations: keeping a moderate diet, engaging in regular exercise, etc. But what effect does your personality have on your longevity(长寿)?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.
The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic(同情的) and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.
Interestingly, however, other characteristics that you might consider advantageous had no impact on whether study participants were likely to live longer. Those who were more self-disciplined, for instance, were no more likely to live to be very old. Also, being open to new ideas had no relationship to long life, which might explain all those bad-tempered old people who are fixed in their ways.
Whether you can successfully change your personality as an adult is the subject of a longstanding psychological debate. But the new paper suggests that if you want long life, you should strive to be as outgoing as possible.
Unfortunately, another recent study shows that your mother’ s personality may also help determine your longevity. That study looked at nearly 28,000 Norwegian mothers and found that those moms who were more anxious, depressed and angry were more likely to feed their kids unhealthy diets. Patterns of childhood eating can be hard to break when we’ re adults, which may mean that kids of depressed moms end up dying younger.
Personality isn’ t destiny(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn’ t just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.
5. The aim of the study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society is__ __.
A.to see whether people’ s personality affects their life span
B.to find out if one’ s lifestyle has any effect on their health
C.to investigate the role of exercise in living a long life
D.to examine all the factors contributing to longevity
6. What does the author imply about outgoing and sympathetic people?
A. They have a good understanding of evolution.
B. They are better at negotiating an agreement.
C. They generally appear more resourceful.
D. They are more likely to get over hardship.
7. What does the recent study of Norwegian mothers show?
A. Children’ s personality characteristics are invariably(总是) determined by their mothers.
B. People with unhealthy eating habits are likely to die sooner.
C. Mothers’ influence on children may last longer than fathers’ .
D. Mothers’ negative personality characteristics may affect their children’ s life spans.
8. What can we learn from the findings of the two new studies?
A. Anxiety and depression more often than not cut short one’ s life span.
B. Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.
C. Personality plays a decisive role in how healthy one is.
D. Health is in large part related to one’ s lifestyle.
Ⅱ. 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was very young, we used to live in Florida. It’ s a place I will never? 1 . These were the happiest days of my life, and I loved driving down one of Florida’ s highways to feel the? 2 whistle through my hair. One day, we went down a highway, but? 3 nobody else appeared to be there. Well, maybe not any humans,? 4 an animal was there. It was laying in the center of the? 5 , blood red, and seemed to be? 6 : it was hit by a car.
Quickly my mother? 7 it into the parking space (this highway had those) while I? 8 in our car. "My goodness, "I heard her say. "It’ s a turtle（龟）, and it’ s? 9 alive!" We had an empty bin in the? 10 , and some water and blankets from the supermarket, so my mother? 11 the bin with water, picked the turtle up, and put it in the water, then put the? 12 over it. We drove it home and I, eyes wide, watched the bloody turtle? 13 in the bin. It was alive, but its shell was? 14 . We fed him with vegetables and kept him in a cool area.
My mom, a very talented lady with clay, made an artificial? 15 for him, and we turned him over and she wrote, "Be free, and live a? 16 life. "We healed him up, and drove to the nearest? 17 , where lots of annoying bugs were living. Together we? 18 him into the water and he swam away quickly. ? 19 he did so, I could have sworn he? 20 at us.
1. A. return B. forget C. remember D. miss
2. A. rain B. sunlight C. snow D. wind
3. A. strangely B. nervously C. exactly D. carefully
4. A. or B. but C. for D. so
5. A. street B. ground C. road D. surface
6. A. dead B. alive C. fine D. awake
7. A. caught B. held C. knocked D. pulled
8. A. hid B. stayed C. drove D. feared
9. A. ever B. yet C. still D. even
10. A. back B. home C. center D. front
11. A. washed B. cleaned C. covered D. filled
12. A. blanket B. paper C. bin D. water
13. A. playing B. sleeping C. floating D. struggling
14. A. squeezed out B. upside down C. taken apart D. torn off
15. A. box B. shell C. top D. toy
16. A. difficult B. real C. wonderful D. successful
17. A. lake B. forest C. mountain D. field
18. A. threw B. forced C. placed D. led
19. A. Since B. As C. If D. Although
20. A. shouted B. stared C. pointed D. smiled
Ⅲ. 七选五型阅读理解
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most of us lead a busy life. 1 We think, “If I reached my goal, then I would be happy”, or “If I could get a better job, then I would enjoy life.” But why not enjoy life right now?
Firstly, take time to notice and appreciate the beauty in your own surroundings. 2 “There is a great big world of wonder and beauty around us!” And as Brodersen explains, “Look for the beauty of the sunrise and of a friend’ s smile that brightens your day. Open your eyes to see the beauty you might not normally see. Doing so helps to cheer you up.”
Secondly, taking time to experience some simple pleasures also can bring joy to your heart and ease your stress. Take me for example. 3 One universal simple pleasure is finding things that make you laugh. Make time to laugh every day.
Thirdly, don’ t take your family and friends for granted. Rich, rewarding relationships add greatly to the enjoyment of life. When you think of someone, why not call, e-mail or write them? 4 As Wayne Lawton explains, “Invest time in relationships. Remove the attitude, what’ s in it for me? Happiness is found in putting other’ s interests, desires and concerns ahead of our own whenever possible. Selfishness is a dead-end street.” 5
A. A short e-mail or phone call can make a world of difference to someone.
B. Driven by the “urgent”, we forget to enjoy life.
C. In my spare time, I enjoy collecting stamps and reading novels.
D. So please treasure relationship.
E. Be aware of beauty in nature.
F. You don’ t need to travel far to find beauty.
G. I delight in simple things like my favorite tea drink, a bubble bath or family photos.
Ⅳ. 短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1. 每处错误及其修改均限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I’ m glad to hear that you were visiting FuJian for your holiday. I am writing to tell you that?something about Wu Yi Mountain. Locate in the northwest of FuJian Province, it is a wonderful tourist attraction. The weather there is mild on summer. What’ s more importantly is that it is famous as a holy tourist site. Not only can I appreciate the impressive scenery, but you can also learn many about the culture of it. It also has a large number of fantastic Chinese building.
There is no doubt whether a trip to Wu Yi Mountain will be truly unforgettable experience. I wish you a nice trip!
Ⅴ. 书面表达
假如你是李华，正在一所美国学校学习英文。你对学校的周末音乐俱乐部(Music Club at Weekend)很感兴趣，决定申请加入。现给该俱乐部负责人写一封信，内容如下：
1. 表示有意加入；
2. 介绍音乐特长；
3. 说明性格优势；
4. 期待答复。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结束语已写好，不计入总次数。
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Hua, a Chinese student taking the English course at our school. _________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
Ⅰ. 阅读理解
A
【语篇解读】随着人工智能（AI）变得越来越复杂，人们会越来越担心机器人会成为威胁。我们该如何让机器人为人类服务的同时，还要遵守特定的道德准则呢？
1. C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.”可知，根据计算机科学 教授Stuart Russell的说法，如果我们想办法把人类的价值变成可编程的代码，这种危险是可以避免的。 故选C。
3. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave, it has the opportunity to stop, send out beeps(嘟嘟声), and ask for directions from a human.”可 知，如果机器人不确定某件事情是否该做，它会停下来向人类寻求帮助。故选B。
4. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral, and how to create a set of ethical (种族的)rules.”可知，在编程价值观中 最困难的一步是如何确定什么是道德，而种族规则又是什么。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】研究表明长寿不仅仅是身体健康问题，也是心理健康问题。而且，母亲的性格也决定孩子是否能够长寿。
5. A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“But what effect does your personality have on your longevity(长 寿)?Do some kinds of personalities lead to longer lives? A new study in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society looked at this question by examining the personality characteristics of 246 children of people who had lived to be at least 100.”可知，针对“性格对一个人的寿命有什么影响，某些类型的性格会让人更长寿 吗”这问题，《美国老年病学会杂志》进行了一项新研究通来审视这个问题。故选A。
6. D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The study shows that those living the longest are more outgoing, more active and less neurotic (神经质的) than other people. Long-living women are also more likely to be sympathetic(同情的) and cooperative than women with a normal life span. These findings are in agreement with what you would expect from the evolutionary theory: those who like to make friends and help others can gather enough resources to make it through tough times.”可知，外向、富有同情心的人会能更好地度过艰 难时期，更长寿。故选D。
8. B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Personality isn't destiny(命运), and everyone knows that individuals can learn to change. But both studies show that long life isn't just a matter of your physical health but of your mental health.”可知，长寿不仅仅是身体健康问题，也是心理健康问题。故选B。
Ⅱ. 完形填空
【语篇解读】作者在高速路上发现了一只被汽车撞伤的乌龟。妈妈把乌龟带回家，精心照料，还为它做了一只壳。乌龟身体恢复了之后，作者和妈妈到湖里放生了乌龟。
1. B 考查动词。根据后面的“These were the happiest days of my life, and I loved driving down one of Florida's highways to feel the… whistle through my hair.”可知，这是个令作者难忘的地方。A. return 归还；返回；B. forget忘记；C. remember记起；D. miss错过；想念。故选B。
2. D 考查名词。此处指“我”喜欢开车经过佛罗里达州的高速公路，感觉到风吹过“我”的头发。A. rain雨； B. sunlight阳光；C. snow雪；D. wind风。故选D。
3. A 考查副词。很奇怪，那天，路上没有其他人。A. strangely奇怪地；B. nervously紧张地；C. exactly 恰好地；正是；D. carefully仔细地。故选A。
4. B 考查连词（固定搭配）。此处运用了“not… but…”句式，是“不是……而是……”的意思。A. or或者； 还是；B. but但是；而是；C. for因为；D. so因此。故选B。
5. C 考查名词。根据前面的“One day, we went down a highway,”可知，作者在公路上行驶。根据下文可 知，一只乌龟受伤躺在路中央。A street街道；B. ground地面；C. road公路，马路；道路；D. surface 表面。故选C。
6. A 考查形容词。根据上下文可知，乌龟受伤，如同死了一般。A. dead死的；B. alive活着的；活泼的； C. fine好的；D. awake醒着的。故选A。
7. D 考查动词。很快，妈妈把它拖进了停车场。A. caught赶上；抓住；感染；B. held持有；拥有；保 存；C. knocked敲；D. pulled拉；拽。故选D。
8. B 考查动词。作者当时还呆在车里。A. hid躲藏；B. stayed留；保持；C. drove驾驶；促使；D. feared 害怕。故选B。
11. D 考查动词。妈妈把容器里装满了水。A. washed洗；B. cleaned打扫；清扫；C. covered盖上；涉及； 采访；D. filled充满。故选D。
12. A 考查名词。根据上文“and some water and blankets from the supermarket,”，妈妈用毯子把容器盖上。 A. blanket毛毯，毯子；B. paper纸；文件；C. bin箱子，容器；D. water水。故选A。
13. C 考查动词。“我”睁大眼睛，看着流血的乌龟在水面上漂浮。A. playing玩；表演；B. sleeping睡觉； C. floating浮动；飘动，散播；D. struggling拼搏；挣扎。故选C。
14. D 考查动词短语。句意：它仍然活着，但是壳已经被扯掉。A. squeezed out挤出；B. upside down上 下颠倒；C. taken apart拆开；D. torn off撕下；扯掉。故选D。
15. B 考查名词。根据上下文可知，妈妈为乌龟做了一只壳。A box箱子；B. shell贝壳；架子；C. top顶 端；D. toy玩具。故选B。
18. C 考查动词。“我们”一起把乌龟放入水中。A. threw扔掉；B. forced强迫；C. placed放置；D. led领 导；带路。故选C。
19. B 考查连词。句意：当他快速游走的时候，我可以发誓他在向我们微笑。A. Since自从；既然；B. As 当……时候；因为；尽管；按照；C. If如果；D. Although尽管。故选B。
20. D 考查动词。句意：当他快速游走的时候，我可以发誓他在向我们微笑。A. shouted大喊；B. stared 盯着看；C. pointed指；D. smiled微笑。故选D。
Ⅲ. 七选五型阅读理解
【语篇解读】这篇文章讲述了现在很多人都忙于生活，这样并不快乐，忘记了享受生活。我们要学会从简单的事情中获得快乐，并且注意人际关系等方面。
1. B 【解析】根据上一句“Most of us lead a busy life.”说明很多人都忙于生活，故B项“Driven by the “urgent”, we forget to enjoy life.”我们忙于琐事，却忘记了享受生活，符合上下文的串联，故选B。
2. F【解析】根据下句“There is a great big world of wonder and beauty around us!”说明在我们的身边就有很 多美丽的风景，故“you don’t need to travel far to find beauty.”符合语境，选F。
3. G【解析】根据上一句“taking time to experience some simple pleasures also can bring joy to your heart and ease your stress.”说明要从简单的事情中得到快乐，选G。
4. A【解析】根据上一句“When you think of someone, why not call, e-mail or write them?”说明有时候电话 或者发个邮件都会有很好的作用，故选A。
5. D【解析】根据上句“Invest time in relationships.”说明我们要在相互的关系上投入更多的时间，要珍惜 我们的友谊，故选D。
Ⅳ. 短文改错
I’ m glad to hear that you visiting FuJian for your holiday. I am writing to tell you?something about Wu Yi Mountain. in the northwest of FuJian Province, it is a wonderful tourist attraction. The weather there is mild summer. What’ s more is that it is famous as a holy tourist site. Not only can appreciate the impressive scenery, but you can also learn about the culture of it. It also has a large number of fantastic Chinese .
There is no doubt a trip to Wu Yi Mountain will be truly unforgettable experience. I wish you a nice trip!
【解析】
第一处：根据句意可知，此处指“我非常高兴听说你在假期要来福建游览”。这里表示将来的时态，visit属于 位移动词，因此用现在进行时表示将来含义。故were改为are。
第五处：本句运用了what引起的主语从句，在系动词后面跟形容词作表语。故importantly改为important。
第六处：根据前后句意可知，此处指“你欣赏风景”。故I改为you。
第七处：此处运用了短语“learn… about…”，所以learn后面跟表示抽象含义的much作宾语。故many改为 much。
第八处：a large number of 意思是“许多的；大量的”，修饰可数名词的复数。故building改为buildings。
第九处：There is no doubt that…是固定句式，意为“毫无疑问…….”，that引起doubt的同位语从句。故whether 改为that。
第十处：experience 在本句中是“经历”的意思，属于可数名词，所以此处指“一次真正难忘的经历”。故truly 前面加a。
Ⅴ. 书面表达
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a Chinese student taking the English course at our school. I'm interested in Music Club at weekend and I'd like to join it if possible. I'm good at playing the piano. I have been playing the piano for more than 14 years and I once won the third place in a nation-wide piano playing competition. Also I can sing Chinese folk songs very well. As for my personalities, I think I'm open-minded, friendly and easy-going, and above all, I really enjoy making friends with people from all around the world. I would be very happy if I can be admitted into the club! Looking forward to your reply!
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
