重庆合川市2018中考（人教新课标）英语八上U9—10作文讲解和拓展练习及答案

合川市2018中考（人教新课标）英语八上U9—10作文讲解和拓展练习及答案
八年级(上)Units 9－10
第一部分：教材基础—话题作文
人教新课标8（上）Units 9－10话题作文
制定计划
【话题解析】
分析近五年浙江中考真题和全国中考真题，从与制定计划类相关话题的命题角度来看，此话题主要会从以下四方面进行假设：①新学期的学习计划；②校园活动计划(班级活动、学校活动等团队、集体活动计划)；③假期计划(暑假、节日、志愿服务等社会活动的具体计划)；④人生计划(个人理想或奋斗目标等)。
【常用表达】
1．The summer vacation is coming，and I prepare to visit my grandparents in the countryside.
2．My classmates made a decision to help the people in the nursing home.21·cn·jy·com
3．I am looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation.【版权所有：21教育】
4．It'll take about two hours to get there by bus.
5．I'll try my best to take part in some after-class activities and make more friends.
6．Let's make a plan for the coming vacation together.21世纪教育网版权所有
典例示范
英语课上，老师要求同学们介绍个人周末计划。假设下面表格内容是你的计划提纲，请根据表格提示的活动内容，写一篇发言稿，介绍你的周末计划，并在班上与同学交流。
Saturday
Watch TV
Go to a bookstore
Sunday
Visit grandparents
…
要求：
1．发言稿须包括三个所列要点和一个补充要点；
2．发言稿中四要点都要适当发挥；
3．发言稿中不得涉及真实的人名、校名和地名；
4．词数：80词左右(已给出的开头和结尾不计入总词数)。
Hi，everyone！Here's my plan for this weekend.____________________________________________________________________________________________21·世纪*教育网
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________Thank you!
【写作思路】
My plan
for the
weekendBeginning—here is my plan
On Saturday—watch TV to relax myself，
watch comedies and cartoons，go to a bookstore
On Sunday—visit my grandparents, help
them do some housework, do homework
Ending—this is my weekend
【范文展示】
Hi，everyone！Here's my plan for the weekend.
On Saturday morning，I'm going to watch TV to relax myself after a long week's study.I like watching comedies and cartoons.On Saturday afternoon，I'm going to the bookstore to buy some books.Reading is one of my hobbies.2-1-c-n-j-y
On Sunday，I'm going to visit my grandparents because I miss them very much.I'll help them do some housework.After I come back，I'll do my homework to get ready for the next week.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
That's my weekend.Do you like it？Thank you!
模拟演练
马上就要初中毕业了，假如你有机会负责组织你们班的毕业派对，你将会如何构思设计出一个充满创意、情感和品位的毕业庆祝活动呢？请写一篇80词以上的短文，介绍你的毕业计划。
内容要求：1.简介大致的构想；
2．分点列出活动流程；
3．小结活动的主要特色。
注意：短文中不允许出现与考生本人相关的真实姓名和学校等信息。
　　I have a plan for the party that divides into three parts.They're Picture Show，Talent Show and Senior High Message.
Part 1　Picture Show
We bring some photos taken with our teachers or classmates and describe the photos with a good story about our school lives.
Part 2　Talent Show
We can share our hobbies with our classmates.We can show what we can do in music，arts or sports.We can also show other special abilities like doing magic and so on.
Part 3　Senior High Message
Each of us prepares a big card，and then writes down a message for senior high on the card for each other.So everyone can exchange the best wishes with his or her classmates.
In this party，all of us can share our wonderful experience in the past three years.We can present what we've learned and how much progress we've made，too.And finally we may look forward to the future with lots of encouragement and advice.　________________________________________________________________________
第二部分：基础跟踪训练
一、阅读理解。
On April 2nd，2016，an east China highway pile-up has killed three people and injured 31 others.That day was the first day of a three-day national holiday marking the Tomb-Sweeping Day(清明节)．21教育名师原创作品
Two people died in a local hospital where nine others are being treated.Another person died after treatment failed in a larger hospital in Wuxi where 22 remain hospitalized，Changzhou traffic police updated on its official microblog account at Weibo.com.
The accident happened at the Changzhou section of the highway linking Shanghai and Nanjing.It drew public attention as people began posting photos and videos on Chinese social media WeChat and Weibo.Images showed dozens of trucks，buses and cars crashed into each other.People were standing on the top of the vehicles(运载工具)．
Local police told Xinhua press that at least two trucks，three buses and 20 cars were involved.Rainy and foggy weather caused poor visibility and slippery roads.
What's more，it was difficult for ambulances(救护车) to get to the scene of the accident because the life emergency lane(生命通道) was filled with vehicles so that the doctors couldn't get there to save the injured.
The ministry(部长) of Public Security told traffic departments nationwide to keep a look out for vehicles using the emergency lane occupancy.
All highways in China leave the right lane as the emergency lane.Some drivers，however，pay no attention to this rule.Therefore，the police call on drivers to follow the rule strictly and offer the injured more hope of being saved.21*cnjy*com
The ministry also asked the public to watch the traffic more carefully so as to quickly discover the potential(潜在的) danger.The public have decided to add electric monitoring instruments to catch the violations and heavily fine drivers for it.
( B )1.Which of the following might be the cause of the accident?
A．People were standing on the top of the vehicles.21教育网
B．It was rainy and foggy that day.
C．The life emergency lane was filled with vehicles.
D．Drivers don't know about the life emergency lane.
( A )2.What does the underline word “fine” mean in Chinese?
A．罚款 B．优秀 C．靠边 D．责备
( C )3.In this passage the writer tries to tell us that ____．
A．people shouldn't travel during the holiday
B．people mustn't stand on the top of the vehicles
C．the drivers must follow the traffic rules strictly
D．the drivers pay no attention to the electronic monitoring instruments
( D )4.According to the passage，why do the police ask drivers to be off the emergency lane?
A．They want to get a chance to fine drivers heavily.
B．They want to catch as many violations as possible.
C．They have received orders from Chinese social media WeChat and Weibo.
D．They want offer the injured more hope of being saved.
二、语法填空。
Happiness is for everyone.You don't need 1.__to__care__(care) about those who have beautiful houses with large gardens and swimming pools or those who have nice cars and a lot of money and so on.Why？People who have big houses may often feel 2.__lonely__(alone) and people who have cars may want to walk on the country roads at their free time. www-2-1-cnjy-com
In fact，happiness is always around you if you put 3.__your__(you) heart into it.When you are in trouble at school，your friends will help you; when you study hard at your lessons，your parents are always 4.__taking__(take) good care of your life and your health; when you 5.__succeed__(success)，your friends will say congratulations to you; when you do something wrong，people around you will help you correct it.And when you do something good to 6.__others__(other)，you will feel happy，too.
Happiness is not the same 7.__as__ money.It is a feeling of your heart.When you are poor，you can also say you are very happy，because happiness can't 8.__be__bought__(buy) with money.As the saying goes，life is 9.__like__ a revolving(旋转) door.When it closes，it also opens.If you take every chance you get，you can be 10.__a__ happy and lucky person.2·1·c·n·j·y
第三部分：拓展训练题
一、完形填空
阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Zhang Lei is a highly skilled（技艺精湛的）doctor. He was born in a lonely 31 village. The people there lived a hard life. They seldom walked out of the mountain. They could 32 get good education. However, Zhang Lei was 33 , for he not only went to college, but he also became an excellent doctor. Then what made him lucky? A volunteer teacher called Han Xue encouraged him, and 34 his life.
When Han Xue first entered Zhang Lei’s school, she couldn’t 35 _ her eyes. She was shocked by the sights（情景）in front of her: broken windows, small old desks and chairs. Even worse, students of different ages were in the 36 classroom. It was the only class in the school. Han Xue realized 37 poor the people were in education. She planned to 38 as many ways as she could to help them. One day when Han Xue was giving a class, Zhang Lei 39 some noises for fun. Other kids laughed. At that time Han Xue decided to make good use of the 40 to help him. She walked towards Zhang Lei and asked him to put out his hands. Looking at them 41 , Han Xue said with a kind smile, “As soon as I see your little 42 , I know you will become a highly skilled doctor in the future. Come on!” Hearing this, Zhang Lei was surprised because almost 43 said such words this way. Zhang Lei couldn’t believe that completely, but he remembered what the teacher said in his heart.
After that, Zhang Lei studied harder and then made more 44 continuously. Later, Zhang Lei went to college. After many years, he became a famous doctor, saving many lives. 45 Zhang Lei talks about his life, he always expresses thanks to his volunteer teacher. Her encouraging words have made what he is.
31. A. forest B. sea C. mountain D. river
32. A. hardly B. usually C. always D. ever
33. A. simple B. lucky C. popular D. common
34. A. worried B. understood C. changed D. caught
35. A. cover B. close C. open D. believe
36. A. bright B. new C. same D. enjoyable
37. A. how B. when C. where D. what
38. A. hand out B. find out C. hang out D. come out
39. A. said B. put C. played D. made
40. A. chance B. change C. example D. action21cnjy.com
41. A. angrily B. sadly C. nervously D. carefully
42. A. fingers B. head C. eyes D. ears
43. A. everybody B. anybody C. nobody D. somebody
44. A. decisions B. progress C. discussions D. plans
45. A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Whoever D. However
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。聪明的Zhang Lei出生在一个贫穷的山村，一个名叫Han Xue的志愿者来到这个山村支教，这个条件极差的山村学校让Han Xue难以置信，但他却以Zhang Lei灵巧的双手鼓励Zhang Lei将来会成为医生。结果是，Zhang Lei在Han Xue的鼓励下，成为了一名著名的医生。
31. C 考查名词辨析。从下文They seldom walked out of the mountain知，这里说的是Zhang Lei出生于一个偏僻的山村。故选C。
32. A 考查副词辨析。联系上文分析：由于那儿的人生活贫困，并很少走出大山，所以那儿的人几乎没有接受好的教育。故选A。
33. B 考查形容词辨析。从下一分句he not only went to college, but he also became an excellent doctor. Then what made him lucky?说明，Zhang Wei是幸运的。故选B。
34. C 考查动词辨析。worried担心；understood懂得；changed改变；caught抓住。对比这个小山村的人几乎没有接受多少教育和Zhang Lei上大学的信息知，Zhang Lei的生活因一个名叫Han Xue的志愿者的鼓励而改变。故选C。
35. D 考查动词辨析。cover覆盖；close关闭；open打开；believe相信。从下文的描述broken windows, small old desks and chairs.知，这个学校条件极差。由此推知，Han Xue初进Zhang Lei的学校，她简直不相信眼前看到的一切。故选D。
36. C 考查形容词辨析。bright明亮的；new新的；same同样的；enjoyable可享受的。从下句It was the only class in the school.知，不同年龄的学生在同一个教室。故选C。
37. A 考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：Han Xue意识到，这些人在教育方面多么落后呀。由此知，这里用how修饰形容词poor。故选A。
38. B 考查动词短语辨析。hand out上交；find out发现；hang out闲逛；come out出来，出版。根据选项理解句意：她计划找到尽可能多的方法来帮助这些人。故选B。
39. D 考查动词辨析。句意：一天，当Han Xue正在上课时，Zhang Lei因好玩而发出了噪音。make some noises为固定结构，意为“制造一些噪音”。故选D。
40. A 考查名词辨析。chance机会；change改变；example例子；action行动。根据选项理解句意：在就在那个时候，Han Xue决定提供一个有用的机会来帮助他。故选A。
41. D 考查副词辨析。angrily生气地；sadly沮丧地；nervously紧张地；carefully仔细地。从语境看，这里说的是Han Xue仔细地看了看Zhang Lei的双手。故选D。
42. A 考查名词辨析。分析：技术精湛的医生肯定有双灵巧的双手，所以这里指Han Xue看了Zhang Lei的手指。故选A。
43. C 考查复合不定代词用法。从Zhang Lei was surprised推知，以前没有人跟Zhang Lei说过这些话。故选C。
44. B 考查名词辨析。decisions决定；progress进步；discussions讨论；plans计划。句意：在那时，Zhang Lei努力学习并持续地取得了进步。故选B。
45. B 考查让步状语从句中的连词。根据选项理解句意：无论Zhang Lei什么时候谈论他的生活，他总是对这个志愿者老师表达感谢。故选B。
二、任务型阅读
Dear Annie,
I’ve never written a letter to a newspaper before, I have just never felt the need to do such a thing. I have always felt I was quite able to do everything by myself, 1． .
Sometimes you really need help in life, I guess. And that’s why I’m writing this letter to you.
I have a happy family. I love my children and they love me. I’m a mother of three children. I know well how to bring up(养大) children, and two of them are already over twenty, so it is nothing new for me.
But now I have a serious problem: the Internet problem. My little son is just sixteen, and I feel he should do a lot of homework now, 2． . He can happily spend six or eight hours at a time on the Internet every day. He chats with people that he has never met before, 3． . He does lots of meaningless things on the Internet. And he sees red(大怒) if you ask him to do his homework.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
I just want him to be a good student. Now he seldom does his lessons at home. I’m afraid he will drop behind in his class soon. His father is a doctor, a very kind man. 4． .
What can I do? And don’t tell to talk to him. We’ve tried that and it didn’t work. But this is really a big problem in our family. I have tried everything I can think of. 5． . You are my last hope. Please tell me what I can do!
Yours,
Ellen Smith
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．D
【解析】
试题分析：作者从未给报纸写过信，但是现在她需要帮助。她十六岁的儿子每天在互联网上花费六到八个小时，和没见过面的人聊天，做许多无意义的事。如果让他写作业就会发怒。作者不知道该怎么办，所以写信求助。www.21-cn-jy.com
1．根据上文“我曾经感觉自己可以自己做任何事情”，及下文“有时生活中真的需要帮助”。可知这里应该是个转折的句子，但是我知道我错了，故选B。
2．结合语境可知这里应该说的是儿子的作业问题，他似乎对作业不感兴趣。故选A。
3．结合上下文可知，这里讲的是儿子聊天的问题，他与从未见过面的人们聊天，但是很少和我们说话。故选C。
4．这里讲到他的父亲。他的父亲是一名医生，一个非常好心的男人。他看起来从不害怕父亲。故选E。
5．联系上下文可知，作者非常担心儿子上网，想了很多办法，她想知道互联网怎么有这么大的吸引力。故选D。
【难度】一般
三、短文首字母填空
在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。
Are you eager to be a person who has a good memory? People who enjoy their wonderful 【出处：21教育名师】
memory often do well in their studies and work. These people only have to spend a few
m__1___ on a page and will keep what they read in mind. Here are some things you can do
to improve your memory. Try these:
Be more observant(善于观察的). Some people who said to have a bad memory don't 21*cnjy*com
r__2___ have memory problems. They just don't take time to notice the details. If you pay more
attention to the details. you're sure to have a much clearer memory of events. A little exercise
that you could do is to p___3___ memorizing lists of things, such as the things you are going to buy in a supermarket, or even the ingredients(原料)printed on your biscuit box.
Do more activities such as puzzles, word g__4___, and learn a new language. These activities will further improve your brain functions and will help you improve your memory.
Try to have more free time. When you are t___5___, probably you are to have a weaker focus. Find ways to get rid of stress, so your brain will be clearer and ready to have new i___6___.
Get enough sleeping hours. You need at least seven hours of sleep every night. Give your brain cells a chance to r___7__ the damage done by a day's tiring work. Eat lots of fruits, vegetables and grains. Do your best to be healthy, and these foods help you improve your memory.
【参考答案】
1. minutes 2. really 3. practice/practice 4. games
5. tired 6. ideas/ information 7. repair / reduce
附加选练题
书面表达。
在生活中，人们常有一些快乐需要分享，烦恼需要倾诉，这时就需要一个好的倾听者。请以Be a Good Listener为题写一篇短文，内容必须包括以下要点：
1．一次倾听的经历(时间、人物、经过)；
2．你对倾听的认识(至少两点)。
注意：
1．文中不得出现真实的人名、校名和地名；
2．词数在80－100之间。
Be a Good Listener
I strongly believe it is important to be a good listener.
I used to feel stressed before the exam.However，I kept it to myself，as a result，I felt worried and couldn't pay attention to what the teacher said in class.One day，after I bravely told it to my close friend，I felt relaxed.
Being a good listener plays an important role in communication.Parents should listen to their children，so they will understand them better and trust each other.Teachers should also listen to their students so that they can increase their understanding and improve relationships.Students should listen to their classmates，then their friendship will be increased and they will help each other.
In a word，good listening can really make us get closer to each other.　________________________________________________________________________