Unit 1 Friendship
同步练习
1-20（略）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
A
Most dog owners feel that their dogs are their best friends. Almost everyone likes dogs because they try hard to please their owners. One of my favorite stories is about a dog who wanted his owner to please him.
One of my friends has a large German shepherd (牧羊犬) named Jack. Every Sunday afternoon, my friend takes Jack for a walk in the park. Jack likes these long walks very much. One Sunday afternoon, a young man came to visit my friend. He stayed a long time, and he talked and talked. Soon it was time for my friend to take Jack for his walk, but the visitor didn’t leave. Jack became very worried about his walk in the park. He walked around the room several times and then sat down directly in front of the visitor and looked at him. But the visitor paid no attention. He continued talking. Finally, Jack couldn’t stand it any longer. He went out of the room and came back a few minutes later. He sat down again in front of the visitor, but this time he held the man’s hat in his mouth.
German shepherds aren’t the only intelligent dogs. Another intelligent dog is a Seeing Eye dog. This is a special dog which helps blind people walk along the streets and do many other things. We call these dogs Seeing Eye dogs because they are the“eye”of the blind people and they help them to “see”. Seeing Eye dogs generally go to special schools for several years to learn to help blind people.
21. The writer tells the story about the dog Jack to show that____.
A. it, like many other dogs, always tried to please its owner master
B. it, unlike many other dogs, always wanted its master to please it
C. it was more intelligent than many other dogs
D. it was the most faithful dog of his friend’s
22. Jack came to sit in front of the visitor in order to____.
A. please him B. be pleased
C. ask him to leave immediately D. invite him for a walk
23. Which of the following titles would be the best for the passage?
A. Dogs─A Great Help to People B. Dogs ─ Our Faithful Companions
C. An Introduction to Dogs D. Famous Dogs in Germany
B
Jenny,
I often think if I am as important to you as you are to me.
We had an unhappy time yesterday. I really felt sad after it and almost apologized to you.
However, you could still laugh and talk with others like nothing had happened. I suddenly realized that I was not that important to you. You didn’t even realize that I was angry and sad. What’s more, you even forget my birthday this year.
Goodbye, my friends. I have closed my feeling toward you. It is sad to say goodbye, my friends. But it is meaningless for us to be friends any longer.
Lucy
Dear Lucy,
I’m sorry that I hurt you so much yesterday. But here is something I really need to tell you. I never thought the quarrel we had yesterday was as serious as you thought. I just felt tired and didn’t feel like going shopping. Susan and Lily are also my good friends. I couldn’t pretend (假装) not to see them when they passed by. I also couldn’t let them know I was blue because of the quarrel. I didn’t want them to feel sad just because I was sad. I’m your best friend, but I don’t want to be your only friend. I don’t want to be with you all the time because sometimes I need to have my own time. I want to spend some time with my other friends and my brother. Please try to make more friends. You will feel much happier if you have more friends. And remember, I’m your best forever!
Jenny
24. What’s the purpose(目的) of Lucy’s letter?
A. To tell Jenny that she is really sorry for what happened yesterday.
B. To tell Jenny she doesn’t want to be friends with her any longer
C. To ask Jenny not tot be friends with Susan or Lily.
D. To ask Jenny if she means as much to her as she means to her.
25. In the letter, Jenny suggests Lucy should ______.
A. make more friends
B. leave her alone
C. make friends with Susan and Lily
D. spend more time with her family
26. According to the passage, if we say someone is blue, we mean he/she is _______.
A. angry B. sad C. kind D. happy
27. After reading Jenny’s letter, we learn that ______.
A. Jenny and Lucy are both students.
B. Lucy doesn’t know how to keep a healthy friendship
C. a friend in need is a friend indeed
D. Lucy is Jenny’s only friend
C
When I was growing up, I was embarrassed (困惑) to be seen with my father. He was badly crippled (跛脚) and very short , and when we would walk together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. I would be ashamed of the unwanted attention. If ever noticed or bothered, he never let on.
It was difficult to walk together-his steps slow, mine impatient-and because of that, we didn’t say much and we went along. But as we started out, he always said, “You set the pace. I will try to follow you.”
Our usual walk was to or from the subway, which was how he got to work. He went to work sick, and even in bad weather. He almost never missed a day, and would make it to the office even if others could not .It was a matter of pride for him.
When snow or ice was on the ground, it was impossible for him to walk, even with help. At such times my sister or I would pull him through the streets of Brooklyn, N. Y., on a child’s sleigh to the subway entrance .Once there, he would try to grasp handrail until he reached the lower steps that the warmer tunnel air kept ice free. In Manhattan the subway station was the basement of his office building, and he would not have to go outside again until we met him in Brooklyn on his way home.
When I think of it now, I am surprised at how much courage it must have taken for a grown man to suffer from shame and disability. And I am also surprised at how he did it -- without bitterness or complaint.
He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of the more fortunate or able. What he looked for in others was a“good heart,” and if he found one, the owner was good enough for him.
Now that I am older, I believe that is a proper standard (标准) by which to judge people, even though I still don’t know exactly what a“good heart” is. But I know the times I don’t have one myself.
He has been away many years now, but I think of him often. I wonder if he sensed my reluctance to be seen with him during our walks. If he did, I am sorry I never told him how sorry I was, how unworthy I was, how I regretted it. I think of him when I complain about my troubles, when I am envious（嫉妒）of another’s good fortune（运气）, when I don’t have a “good heart”.
28. How did the man treat his father when he was young?
A. He helped his father happily.
B. He never helped his father.
C. He helped his father, but not very happily.
D. He only helped his father take a walk after supper.
29. As a disabled man, his father____.
A. didn’t work very hard
B. didn’t go to work from time to time
C. hated those who had good fortune
D. was happy and satisfied, and never lost hope
30. What does the word “reluctance” mean in the article? It means ___.
A. anger B. sadness C. happiness D. unwillingness
31. How did the father get to work usually?
A. By subway. B. By bus. C. By wheelchair. D. By bike.
D
When I was six, Dad brought home a dog one day, who was called “Brownie”. My brothers and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her. Ore of us would walk her, another would feed her, then there were baths, playing catch and many other games, Brownie, in return, loved each and every one of us. One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them we always felt better when she was around.
One day, as I was getting her food, she chewed up (咬破) one of Dad’s shoes, which had to be thrown away in the end. I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did was wrong. When I looked at her and said, “Bad girl,” she looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes.
Brownie turned out to be more than just our family pet, she went everywhere with us. People would stop and ask if they could pet her. Of course she’d let anyone pet her. She was just the most lovable dog. There were many times when we’d be out walking and a small child would come over and pull pm her hair. she never barked(吠) or tried to get away. Funny thing is she would smile. This frightened people because they thought she was showing her teeth. Far from the truth, she loved everyone.
Now many years have passed since Brownie died of old age. I still miss the days when she was with us.
32. What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?
A. Look at them sadly. B. Keep them company.
C. Play games with them. D. Touch them gently.
33. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Brownie______.
A. world eat anything when hungry B. felt sorry for her mistake
C. loved playing hide-and-seek D. disliked the author’s dad
34. Why does the author say that Brownie was more than just a family pet?
A. She was treated as a member of the family.
B. She played games with anyone she liked.
C. She was loved by everybody she met.
D. She went everywhere with the family.
35. Which of the following best describes Brownie?
A. Shy B. Polite C. Brave D. Caring
第二节 （共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Make Friends
Friendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends.Good friendship has many benefits.It offers companionship，improves selfworth and promotes good health.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town，or changed our jobs or schools.Such changes often leave us without a friend.__36__But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.Below are some helpful suggestions on how to make and keep friends.
1．Associate with others.
The first step to making friends is associating with other people.You can go to public places to meet new people.Besides，you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member of such places.
2．Start a conversation.
Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends.__37__You can always start the conversation.Being able to make small talk is a very useful skill in relating with other people.
3．__38__
Choosing friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friend together.Hanging out will always be a pleasant experience.
4．Let it grow.
It is a good thing to stay in touch.However，try not to press your new friend with calls，messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend.__39__ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
5．Enjoy your friendship.
The best way to enjoy your friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves.__40__Try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be become the kind of friend you will want your friend to be to you.
A．Be cheerful.
B．Do things together.
C．Do not wait to be spoken to.
D．Try not to find fault with your friends.
E．Making new friends comes easy for some people.
F．For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
G．So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My father used to like drinking.Every time when he got __41__，he would shout loudly and beat my __42__，who left my father and me when I was seven.
I went to a boarding(寄宿的)__43__when I was thirteen，and I finally didn’t have to see my father drunk every day.However，I didn’t talk to anybody and __44__all my spare time alone in school because of the pain in my heart.When other boys were __45__on the playground，I would sit there alone.This lasted for several weeks until a new__46__who was about forty came to our class.She，of course，__47__I was different.She asked me to answer her question in her first class.I __48__and answered her question in a very __49__voice，with my head down.That noon，after lunch，she found me and had a __50__with me.She asked me __51__I needed any help.Nobody had ever cared about me like that.I __52__told her everything about my family.
“Things won’t get __53__，”she said.
From that day on，every time when she saw me，she would give me a __54__.She often asked me to answer her questions in class，and she helped me with my __55__after class.As time went by，I didn’t feel so __56__as before.
The day I left that school，I __57__her why she did all that for me.
“My mother __58__when I was ten.I know how hard it is __59__a mother，”she said.
I will never__60__her—my dearest teacher.
41．A. hurt B．drunk C．lost D．bored
42．A .brother B．grandma C．mother D．aunt
43．A class B．factory C．school D．office
44．A. wasted B．saved C．got D．spent
45．A. playing B．singing C．performing D．pushing
46．A. student B．worker C．teacher D．friend
47．A .ignored B．noticed C．smelt D．felt
48．A.work up B．went through C．stood up D．calmed down
49．A.angry B．low C．terrible D．sad
50．A.meal B．talk C．sentence D．test
51．A.if B．why C．when D．how
52．A. firstly B．finally C．interestingly D．strangely
53．A. better B．smaller C．worse D．higher
54．A. look B．smile C．hand D．book
55．A. phrases B．accent C．vocabulary D．studies
56．A. happy B．dangerous C．hard D．lonely
57．A. told B．asked C．answered D．troubled
58．A. died B．married C．appeared D．fell
59．A .with B．for C．without D．as
60．A cheat B．forget C．believe D．upset
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
As an old English saying goes，“Honesty is the best policy.” It is more than an old cliché (陈词滥调), but __61__ good way to live your life.
First, honesty is the __62__ (easy) choice that we can make. When people get caught in lies, it always costs them something. Many relationships are destroyed by lies.
Second, honesty gives us much __63__ (free). Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people __64__ (pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are __65__ (true) free.
If there were two people __66__ (stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person __67__ is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely __68__ (believe)? I'm sure most people would side with the honest person. __69__ we live in the truth or we live in lies. The truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing but more troubles. Honesty is a choice that we make each day. The choice is __70__ (you). What will you choose?
第一节： 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌中间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：把缺词处叫个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
A friend of mine was taking an English lesson to class of foreign adult students. After placing quite a number of everyday objects on a table, and he asked them to give her the ruler, the book and so on. The class went very smooth and the students seemed interested in the work unless my friend turned to an Italian student and said, “Give me the keys.” The Italian looked surprising and somewhat at a loss. Seeing this, my friend thinks that the Italian hadn't heard him clearly. However, he repeated, “Give me the keys.” The Italian then kissed him on both cheek.
第二节： 书面表达（满分25分）
假设你是新华中学的学生张华，班里从外地转来一名同学李明，他一时无法融入到新的班集体中，感到很公恼。请根据下列要点用英语给他写封信:
1帮他分析原因;
2给他提出建议;
3陈述你帮助他的具体打算。
注意:词数120一150
答案与解析
阅读理解
A篇：【语篇解读】本文讲述了一只可爱的宠物狗和主人的故事。
21. B。细节理解题。从第一段最后一句“One of my favorite stories is about a dog who wanted his owner to please him”得此答案。
22.C。推理判断题。从文中“He sat down again in front of the visitor, but this time he held the man’s hat in his mouth”我们可以推知，狗给他拿来帽子，是想催他走。
23.B。主旨大意题。A, C均具有较大干扰性。从讲的故事看，狗仅仅是与人为伴，并不能说对人类有巨大帮助；C的题目太大而广，不能说明本文的中心。
B篇：【语篇解读】两个朋友Lucy和Jenny产生了误解，Lucy感觉Jenny不再需要他她这个朋友了，其实是Jenny认为她愿做Lucy的好朋友，但是不是唯一的朋友，她需要更多的朋友。所以我们在交友时要敞开心扉，胸怀宽广。
24. B。细节理解题。从最后一段Goodbye, my friends. I have closed my feeling toward you. It is sad to say goodbye, my friends. But it is meaningless for us to be friends any longer.可知。
25. A。细节理解题。从此信结尾信息You will feel much happier if you have more friends可知。
26. B。词义理解题。从信中I also couldn’t let them know I was blue because of the quarrel. I didn’t want them to feel sad just because I was sad.可推知blue代表忧郁和伤心。
27. B。推理判断题。从Lucy对Jenny的误解可得出Lucy的反应有点过度了，人家Jenny只不过多交了两个朋友而已。
C篇【语篇解读】这篇阅读主要讲的是交朋友要选择态度积极的人，因为一个人的态度很重要。
28. C。细节理解题。从and when we would walk together, his hand on my arm for balance, people would stare. I would be ashamed of the unwanted attention 我们得知，在我们一起外出时，“我”会给他一些帮助，但是见到人盯着看时，“我”又极不好意思。
29. D。推理判断题。从He never talked about himself as an object of pity, nor did he show any envy of he more fortunate or able我们得知，my father 从不因自己的残疾而自暴自弃，因此D为最佳答案。
30. D。词义理解题。本词所在句是照应前文的一句。在前文When I was growing, I was embarrassed to be seen with my father中的embarrassed就是指，因为“我”父亲的残疾，“我”不愿意与他一起出现在众人面前。因此本词意为“不乐意”。
31. A。细节理解题。从第四段At such times my sister or I would pull him through the streets of Brooklyn, N. Y., on a child’s sleigh to the subway entrance得此答案。
D篇【语篇解读】善解人意的狗给作者的家庭带来了无穷的欢乐。说明了宠物惹人喜欢、可爱。
32. B。细节理解题。从第一段“she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them”暗示出它的表现方式，选择B. keep them company（陪伴他们）
33. B。细节理解题。从第二段结尾句“she looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes”可以推断出它为做错的事感到悲伤
34. C。推理判断题。通过全文的理解，和倒数第二段的提示 “There were many times when…. ”总有很多时候，可以推断出它为人们所喜爱
35. D。推理判断题。上下文的描写突出love each and everyone，第三段中She was just the most lovable dog都做出了暗示。
第二节
【语篇解读】本文向我们介绍了如何交朋友。
36. E。根据后面的“But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.可知前面是说的一个过程对一些人来说很容易。所以选E。
37. C。由后面“You can always start the conversation.”可知，你要开始一个对话，所以前面应该是不要等着别人先和你说话。
38. B。根据后面的“as these interests would always bring you and your friend together.”要和朋友在块做一些事。所以选B项。
39. G。前面说不要通过电话，短信或亲自拜访给你的朋友施加压力，类为这可能会使对方疲惫不堪，最后你会失去友谊，因此你要给你的朋友时间对你做出回应。
40. D。由前面一句说要允许你的朋友们做他们自己，也就是不要对朋友太挑剔。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
41.B．根据“My father used to like drinking.”的语境可知，作者的父亲每次喝醉后，就会大喊大叫。
42.C。根据后文语境可知，由于作者的父亲经常醉酒，喝醉后就打作者的妈妈，所以他妈妈在他还只有七岁的时候就离开他和他父亲了。
43.C。根据后文的语境可知作者在十三岁的时候就去了寄宿学校。
44.D。根据后文语境可知在课余时间，作者都是一个人呆着。
45.A。根据语境可知，当别的男孩子都在操场上玩的时候，他却一个人坐着。
46.C。根据后文语境可知后来作者的班上来了一位新老师。
47.B。根据语境可知这位新老师注意到了作者与别的学生不同。
48.C。根据作者回答老师的提问的语境可知，他应该是先站起来。
49.B。根据“with my head down”的语境可知作者说话的声音很小。
50.B。根据后文的语境可知这位老师找作者进行了一次谈话。
51.A。根据语境可知这位老师问作者是否需要帮助。
52.B。由于从来没有人这么关心过作者，而这位老师主动问他需不需要帮助，这让作者很感动，所以终于告诉了她关于他家庭的情况。
53.C。根据语境可知老师是在安慰他，说事情不会更糟糕了，只会更好的。
54.B。根据语境可知这位老师每次看到作者的时候，都会对他微笑。
55.D。根据语境可知这位老师在课后给作者进行学习上的辅导。
56.D。根据语境可知，作者感觉自己不像以前那么孤独了。
57.B．根据语境可知在离开那所学校的时候，终于作者问这位老师为什么对他那么好。
58.A．根据语境可知，老师告诉作者，她的母亲在她还只有十岁的时候就去世了，所以她知道没有母亲是多么不容易。
59.C．这位老师告诉作者，她知道没有母亲是多么不容易。
60.B．根据语境可知，作者是想说他永远不会忘记这位他最敬爱的老师。
第二节
语篇解读：本文是议论文。论述了“诚实是上策”这一观点。
61．a 此处表示泛指“一种好方法”，因此填不定冠词 a。
62．easiest 根据空前的冠词 the 可知，此处应填其最高级形式 easiest。
63．freedom 根据 give somebody something 的结构可知，此处应填 free 的名词形式 freedom。
64．will pay sooner or later “迟早”，根据其意思可知，该空应用一般将来时。
65．truly 修饰形容词应用副词，因此此处应该填 true 的副词形式。
66．standing 此空在“If there were two people”后，说明要用非谓语动词； people 与 stand 之间为主谓关系，因此用现在分词 standing。
67．who/that 先行词为“person”，因此应该用关系代词 who 或 that 引导定语从句。
68．to believe be likely to do 为固定搭配。
69．Either 根据固定结构 either ... or ...“要么……要么……”可知，此处应填Either。
70．yours 此处用名词性物主代词 yours 作表语，指代“your choice”。
第四部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）
第一节： 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
A friend of mine was takin an English lesson to class of foreign adult students. After placing quite e a number of everyday objects on a table，and he asked them to give he the ruler, the book and so on. The class went very smoot and the students seemed interested in the work unles my friend turned to an Italian student and said, “Give me the keys.” The Italian looked surprisin and somewhat at a loss. Seeing this, my friend think that the Italian hadn't heard him clearly. Howeve， he repeated, “Give me the keys.” The Italian then kissed him on both chee.
第二节： 书面表达（满分25分）
参考范文：
Dear Li Ming，
I know you are now having trouble communicating with others and you may often feel lonely. That's because you are new here and people don't know about you. But I think you can make it
if only you c;an follow the advice below.
First you should take an active part in the discussions and show your own opinions about the matters and at the same time learn to listen to other people's views. Second you should learn about your classmates' likes and dislikes. Then you can have much in common with them. This way，you can get to know more different people and show them that you are just as friendly. Last but not least I'm always here ready to help. We can take part in some activities together and I can introduce you to others. With time going on people will know you better and will like to make friends with you if you can do as the above
Best regards
Zhang Hua
Unit 1 Friendship
本单元的中心话题是“友谊”，几乎所有的内容都是围绕这一中心话题展开的。Warming Up部分以调查问卷的形式引导学生了解日常生活中朋友之间发生的真实问题以及解决这些问题的方法；Pre-Reading部分的几个问题启发学生对“友谊”和“朋友”进行思考，使学生明确不仅人与人之间可以做朋友，日记也可以成为人们的朋友；Reading部分Anne’s Best Friend以日记形式讲述了犹太女孩安妮的故事；Comprehending部分通过连句、多项选择和问答形式帮助学生对课文内容、细节进行更深入的理解; Using about Language 部分教学本课重点词汇和重点语法项目。
1.Target language 目标语言
a. Key words and expressions：
add, point, upset, ignore, calm, loose, cheat, reason, list, share, feeling, Netherlands, German, series, outdoors, crazy, nature, purpose, dare, thunder, entirely, power, according, accordingly, trust, indoors, suffer, add up, calm down, have got to, be concerned about, walk the dog, go through, hide away, set down, a series of, on purpose, in order to, face to face
b. Key sentences重点句子：
1)I wonder if it's because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I've grown so Crazy about everything to do with nature.
2) For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven on evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.
3) It was the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face
2. Ability goals 能力目标
a. Talk about friends and friendship:
b. Enable the Ss to get the main idea of the text.
c. Understand the text and answer the following questions:
d. Enable the Ss to understand the details about the passage, choosing the correct answer according the text and fill in the form about the passage and the diary.
e. Retell the passage using the first person.
3. Learning ability goals 学能目标
a. Help the Ss to discuss:
What do friends and friendship mean?
What should you do to be a good friend?
Why do you need friends?
What else can be your friend besi.des a person?
b. Let the Ss know how to get the main idea of the text.
c. Get the Ss to know how to answer the questions about the passage.
d. Get the Ss to learn how to find the relative key words from the passage to choose the correct answers.
d. Enable the Ss to retell the passage using the first person.
a. Talk about friends and friendship.
b. Get the main idea of the text.
c. Discuss the questions of comprehension:
Why did Anne make her diary the only true friend?
How would you describe Anne's feelings as she was looking out into the night sky?
c. Discuss what attitude on earth the wide oppressed people should take towards the powerful Nazis.
a. Skimming and scanning
b. Asking-and-answering activity to check the Ss' understanding of the text.
c. Individual, pair or group work to finish each task.
d. Discussion.
A recorder, a computer, a projector
Step I Lead in
Free talk
Are you good at making friends?
Do you have friends?
What are the special qualities of your best friends?
What do you want from a friend?
What do you do for your friends?
Brain storm
—What should a good friend be like?
—I think that a good friend should be …
(Show some pictures on the PowerPoint)
Step II Warming up
After showing the pictures, the teacher may allow the Ss to talk about them and give them a chance to give their own opinions about friendship.
(Show some pictures on the PowerPoint)
Step III Pre-reading
What else can be your friend besides a person?
Do you think a diary can become your friend? Why or not?
Talk about Anne Frank and her diary
Enjoy a song, Dear Diary
Background
Step IV: Reading.
First reading: Tast reading - scanning and skimming
Let the Ss to comprehend the passage quickly and accurately, and meanwhile help the Ss to form a good habit of reading. Teacher gives the Ss a couple of minutes look through the whole passage. Tell the Ss to read the text silently and then ask some detail questions about the text on the slide show with their partners. Teacher encourages the Ss to express their ideas.
1. Read fast and answer the questions.
Show the questions on the screen.
1) Who was Anne’s best friend?
2) When did the story happen?
Choose the best answer.
2. Fill in the form below.
The time of the story
?
The place of the story
?
The heroine of the story
?
Anne’s best friend
?
The length of time they hid away
?
The date of the diary
?
Second reading: Careful-reading
In this part, Ss will read the text again and then work together with their partners to get me mare idea. Then teacher shows the form on the screen. Give Ss a few minutes to fill in the form about the whole text. Check the answers with the whole class.
1. What is a true friend like in Anne’s opinion?
2. What was an ordinary diary like according to Anne? What about her diary?
3. Why was she so crazy about things to do with nature?
4 Match the words or phrases with their meanings in the story.
5. Fill in the following blanks.
Anne's best friend
What: Her diary
What kind: Told everything to
When: World War II
Where: Amsterdam, Netherlands
What happened: Hid away not to be caught
Sample diary
Time
Nature
Feeling
Before hiding
Blue sky, songs of birds, moon- light, flowers
Never felt spellbound
After hiding
Darkness, rain,
wind, thunder-ing clouds
Grew crazy
Step V Discussion
If you had to stay in a room for a whole year, what would you miss most and what would you do to kill the time?
Step VI Summary
According to the information in the table below, try to use the first person to retell the story.
Proverbs about friends
Step VII Comprehension
Read the passage again to get the answers to Exland 2.
T: Now work in pairs to do Exland 2.A few minutes later, we'll check the answer with the whole class.
(Omitted)
Deal with Ex 3. Work in group of 4 to discuss the answers to the 2 questions. (Slide)
l. What would you miss most if you went into hiding like Anne and her family? Explain why.
2. How would you describe Anne's feelings as she was looking out into the night sky?
T: Now who'd like to answer question 1? Volunteer!
Step VIII Homework
T: Most of our friends are human beings, but sometimes we make friends with animals or even things. Write a passage about one of your unusual friends. It can be a pet or one of your favorite objects. Your writing should include the following points:
1. Description of your unusual friend,
2. How do you become friends?
3. How do you get along with each other?
4. What do you learn from your unusual friend?
1. 教学目标的设计采用“目标语言”、“能力目标”、“学能目标”为主体内容的“三维目标”设计方案，有利于明确每节课的教学任务，把语言基础夯实，把能力训练到位，并培养学生学会学习、自主发展。这个教案中“能力目标”。To practice skimming and scanning skills可以省略，因为学生在初中三年可能已经具有这一能力，本节课只是运用这一能力的问题，而不再是本节课的“教学目标”了。
2. 导入设计的立意不错。但学生 Some of them are foreigners后，教师嘎然而止，转入“看图片”，给入过渡不自然的感觉。若能就此让学生谈谈交友有感受可能更好些。
3. 这个Step中，对Survey得分进行评价的设计内容很好。但设计者采用每生选四个同学作survey的对象的方式似乎不如教师统一组织，每个学生个人独自作答的方式好些，因为每个入的交友情况应“保密”才对，尤其对低分同学是这样。
4. 这节课的Pre-reading采用小组合作学习的方式是很恰当的。教师应弓l导学生先独立思考，然后在小组内交流、最后由老师抽查提问．教案设计应尽量呈现出操作的过程和要求，这样做对大家启发会更大些。
讨论总结：这节课的设计特点是板块式推进的模式这与教材本身的体例是一致的。这节课的容量很大，一般学校能否拿得下来，我建设将Warming up和Pre—reading的1、2两题，以及第6页上的Speaking组合成一节课：而将Pre-reading的3、4两题和Reading组合成另一节课。这样容量略小些, 师生就不头大了。
1. add相关短语
add up把……加起来
add to增添（相当于increase）
add … to把……加到……
add up to总共，总计；加起来结果是……
The piece of music adds to our enjoyment.这首音乐给我们增添了欢乐。
If you add five to five, you’ll get ten. 5+5=10
Will you add some sugar to the coffee, please? 请在咖啡里加点糖好么？
His whole school education added up to no more than one year．他所受的全部学校教育加起来不超过一年。
Later, I decided to more things to the list A. connect B. turn C. keep D. add ( 2012全国卷Ⅱ完形填空)
【运用】
（1）用add短语的适当形式填空
①Can you ______ these figures？你能把这些数字加起来吗？
②All these figures ___________5 000.所有这些数字加起来共计5 000。
③He some sugar ______ the coffee.他给咖啡里加了些糖。
④The bad weather __________ our difficulty.坏天气增加了我们的困难。
2. upset
（1）upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
What made her so upset? 什么使他这样烦？
【常用搭配】be upset about对……感到不安。
I am extremely upset about her illness．她的病令我非常不安。
（2）upset vt. & vi. (使)烦恼, (使) 不安；弄翻（过去式upset，过去分词形式upset）
Don’t upset yourself, no harm has been done. 不要难过，并没有造成伤害。
3. ignore vt.不理睬 ；忽视
He ignores the doctor’s advice and goes on smoking. 他没有理睬医生的劝告继续抽烟。
(2014·浙江) Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head but I tried to the pain believing that it would go away sooner or later
A. share B. realize C. ignore D. cause
4. calm adj.? 平静的；镇静的；沉静的 v. (使)平静，（使）镇静 calm…down“使……平静下来；使……镇定下来” keep/stay calm保持平静
（1）完成句子
① She lit a cigarette to________ 她点了支香烟，使自己平静下来。
② In time of great danger，it’s important to_________. 在极度危险之际，重要的是保持镇静。
5. concern (1) vt. 涉及，关系到；使关系（挂念），使忧虑。
Her illness concerns her parents. 她的病使她的父母很担心。
(2) n. 所关心的事；关心；担忧
His mother’s only concern was how to make him study even harder. 他妈妈心里想得全是如何使他学习更刻苦。
【常用短语】
show/feel concern for/about ……担心/关心……
be concerned in sth. 和某事有牵连
be concerned with sth.与某事有关/关于…….
as far as I am concerned就……而言(常用在写作中，以发表自己的见解)
6. go through经历；经受；仔细检查；浏览；通过；用完
We went through hardships while working on this project. 执行这一计划时我们经历了许多苦难。
The teacher has gone though all the papers of the students. 老师仔细检查了学生的所有论文。
I’ve gone through my ink. 我的墨水用完了。
【拓展归纳1】through相关短语：
come through安然渡过(疾病、危机等)
look through浏览，翻阅
get through完成(工作)；穿越；通过(考试等)；接通
break through突破
动词go的相关短语
go over复习，仔细检查
go by 经过，（时间）过去
go out熄灭，新闻发表，发出
go down平静，下降
go against违背；对……不利
go after追赶
go on继续
go in for喜欢
go off离开，爆炸
（2）Durant，the Thunder basketball player，has _____some growing pains trying to improve his floor games this season．
A. gone through B. got through
C. looked through D. broken through
(3) Though my mother’s disease made me suffer a lot for two years。I used whatever means I could to_____ that difficult time．
A．go out B．go over
C．get across D．get through
7. set down记下；登记；放下（= put down= take down） He set down everything your teacher told in the class. 他把老师在课上说得所有内容都记下来。
(2013, 湖北卷)In much of the animal world，night is the time_______for sleep pure and simple．
A．set aside B．set down C．set off D．set up
（2）You'd better listen to your teachers carefully and ______ what is important.
A．set off B．set out C．set up D．set down
8. series?n. 连续；系列
单句改错
A series of good activities are held by them．
8. on purpose 有意地，故意地，特地
I think she lost the key on purpose. 我认为她故意地丢了钥匙。
He went abroad with the purpose of further improvement．为了进一步提高他去了国外。
by accident 偶然地 by chance偶然地，意外地
巩固练习
(1) 用适当的介词填空
① Oh, my baby, I know you didn’t break the vase
purpose. Don't cry !
②China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals the purpose of all ts citizens.
③ The discovery was made almost accident.
（2）翻译：每个人都能看出来他是故意这么做的。
Everybody can see that she did it on purpose.
9. in order to为了……
in order to后接动词原形，做目的状语，可放在主句之前或之后，其否定形式为“in order not to+动词原形”。
但so as to不能用于句首。
We eat in order to live, but we don’t live in order to eat. 我们吃饭是为了活着，但我们活着并不是为了吃饭。
In order to see it clearly．I put on my glasses．为了看清楚，我戴上了眼镜。
【一句多译】为了按时到校，他很早就起床了。
（1）He got up earlier _________________.
= in order to get to school on time.
= in order that he could get to school on time.
= so as to get to school on time.
= so that he could get to school on time.
= to get to school on time.
（2）In order to get to school on time, he got up earlier.这个句子可以表达为下列几种方式：
In order that he could get to school on time, he got up earlier. = To get to school on time, he got up earlier.
【运用】
（1）选词填空（in order to /so as to /so that/in order that）
① be noticed，she shouted and waved to us.
②He arrived early he might not miss anything.
③He decided to work hard catch up with others.
（2）In order to make our city green, _______.
A. it is necessary to have planted more trees.
B. many more trees need to plant
C. our city needs more trees
D. we must plant more trees
Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (I)
直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“”标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语。
直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句时，转换为间接引语时, 在句子的结构、人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等方面都有变化。
转述他人的陈述→陈述句
转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句
3. 转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句
1) He said , “I’m going to Beijing.”
→ He said that he was going to Beijing.
2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?”
→ He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.
3) She asked, “What are you doing?”
→ She asked me what I was doing.
陈 述 句
用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替。注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，但不可直接说told that 。
He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.”
He said (to us) that he had been to the Great Wall.
He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday.”
He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.
一般疑问句
间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked (me / him / us等)，语序是陈述句的语序。
He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”
He asked (me) whether / if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.
He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?”
He asked whether I was interested in English.
选择疑问句
用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or…
He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”
He asked me whether I spoke English or
French.
I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”
I asked him whether he would take bus or take train.
在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化
1. 注意时态的变化
2. 注意人称变化
3. 注意指示代词的变化
4. 注意时间的变化
5. 注意地点的变化
6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化
人称的变化
一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
口诀
说明
直接引语
间接引语
一
随
主?
引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致?
She said,“ I like tennis.”?
She said that she
liked tennis.
二
随
宾?
?引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致
He said to Lily,
“ You must get up early.”?
He told Lily that
she must get up
early.?
第三
人称
不变?
引号内的第三人
称在变间引后人
称不变?
She said to me ,
“ They want to help him.”?
She told me that
they wanted help
him.?
谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：
1. 直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变
The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”
The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变
The children said, “We love this game.”
They told us that they love that game.
3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。
She says, “I’ll never forget the days in the country.”
She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country.
Do some exercises
1. “I never eat meat,” he said.
He said that ______ never ______ meat.
2. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.
He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.
3. “I took it home with me,” she said.
She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.
4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”
The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.
5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.
He ______ me that he ______ met her the day ______.
6. “You must come here before five,” he said.
He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.
7. “I bought the house 10 years ago,” he said.
He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.
8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.
He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.
9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there.
10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”
He asked his mother ______ ______ ______ found it.
11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.
He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.
12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.
He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.
Homework
Review grammar and finish the exercises on P 5 and P 42.
Preview Using language on P 6 and 7.
如何写好建议信
【技巧点拨】
建议信是书信的一种形式，属于应用文文体。建议信要写出写信的目的、建议的内容、提出建议的理由和根据。理由要合情合理，语气一定要礼貌。
建议信主要从以下几方面写：
首段：一般针对对方对自己的信任简单表示感谢，指明建议的前提和事情的原委，对自己的立场作一些解释。首先要点明写信的目的是提建议。
中段：围绕问题，结构清晰、科学婉转地提出有针对性的建议。注意充分考虑对方的实际情况，表达时应选择得体用语。切忌用语生硬强制、泛泛而谈。通常以In the first place／Firstly／First…, Secondly／Second…, Last but not least…等依次陈述建议。
尾段：简单予以希望。希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助，阐明你所提供的建议仅供对方参考等。最后真诚地希望对方能接受自己的建议，并礼貌地结束全文。
【注意事项】
语气和用词要得体。在劝说对方接受你的建议时，应该注意措辞，慎用must等命令性词汇。要用协商性、试探性的语气提出建议，避免用生硬说教的口吻。内容应简明扼要。在提建议的过程中一定要抓住问题的关键，努力做到语言简短有力、内容重点突出。
必备词汇 短语 句型
单词：
advice, tips, suggest, suggestions, express, advantage, confuse, difficulty／trouble, opinion, understanding
短语：
make some suggestions 提些建议
have difficulty／trouble in doing sth．做某事有困难
in one’s opinion依某人看来
make friends with sb．与某人交朋友
get along well with sb．与某人相处得很好
make one’s effort to do sth．尽力做某事
in a word总而言之
句型：
1) 表达建议常用句式：
You should …
I feel that it would be helpful if…
I would like to suggest that…
If I were you，I would…
As far as I am concerned…／In my opinion…
It seems better that…
Why not…?
It would be a good idea if…
For one thing…，for another…
In the first place／Firstly／First…, Secondly／Second…, Last but not least…
2）建议信开头常用句式：
I’m writing to give some suggestions to…
1 will try my best to make some suggestions．
Here I'd like to give my advice on…／I’d like to suggest that．．．
Thanks for trusting me．It’ my great pleasure to give you some suggestions／advice／tips．
I'm sorry to hear／learn that… .
3)建议信的结尾常用句式：
I will be more than happy to see improvements in this matter.
I would be ready to discuss this matter with you in further detail．
Please take good consideration of my advice．Thank you．
I hope you will take my advice into account.
3)建议信的结尾常用句式：
I hope you will find these suggestions／tips practical／useful／helpful．
These are only my personal suggestions／tips．
I will highly appreciate your consideration of my advice／suggestions／tips.
I am looking forward to your reply．
【典题训练】
假如你叫李华，你的好友王强给你来信，说他的父母最近总是吵架，为此他很苦恼，问你该怎么办，希望你能给他提一些建议。请你根据下列要点提示，给他写封回信。
1．等你的父母冷静下来以后，分别找他们谈
2．跟你的父母说，你非常爱他们，不希望看到他们经常吵闹；
3．向你的父母许诺，你会好好学习，不会让他们失望；
4．拿出你父母以前的照片，让他们回想往日的幸福时光。
要求：l.词数：100左右；
2．不要逐字逐句地翻译。
Dear Wang Qiang,
I'm very sorry to have learned that your parents are always quarrelling with each other at present. I can fully understand your present feelings for I had such experience two years ago. Now let me give you several suggestions.
First, you can have a heart-to-heart talk with your father or mother at a time after they calm down. Second, you should tell them that you love them very much and that you hate to see them quarrel now and then. Third, It would be a good idea if you promise them that you will study hard and that you won't let them down. Last but not least, why not try to show them their old photos? On seeing these photos, they will think of all the happy days they spent together. Maybe they will forgive and forget.
I hope you will find these suggestions helpful.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
本课为写作课，写作一向是学生英语学习的薄弱环节。英语的写作与语文不同，语文写作注重篇章构思和文采，而英语的写作前提是把句子写对，避免出现重大的语法错误，在此基础上再尽量把句子润色得漂亮一些，这是更高层次的要求。大部分的学生如果能保证把句子写对，那就是很不错的事情了。所以在训练写作时，应该让注重理清句子成分和结构，关键要把谓语的形式写对。平时应该让学生多看别人优秀的文章，有可能的话可以多背一些优秀的范文。
课件96张PPT。What did you do in your summer holidays?
With whom did you often chat or play in your summer holidays?Free TalkWarming up and readingAULD LANG SYNE.Should old acquaintance be forgot,
and never brought to mind ?
Should old acquaintance be forgot,
And lang syne ?
For auld lang syne, my dear,
for auld lang syne,
we'll take a cup of kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
And surely you’ll?be?your pint-stowp
and surely I’ll be?mine !And we'll take a cup o’ kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
We two have?run about the braes.
and?pound?the go wans fine ;
But we’ve wandered?many?a weary?fit,
Since auld lang syne.
We two have paddled in the stream,
From morning sun till dine ;
But seas between us broad have roared
Since auld lang syne.
And there’s a hand my trusty friend!
And give us a hand o’ thine !
And we’ll takea right good-will draught,
for auld lang syne.Are you good at making friends?
Do you have friends?
What are the special qualities of your best friends?
What do you want from a friend?
What do you do for your friends?Warming up —What should a good friend be like?
—I think that a good friend should be …BrainstormGive a brief description of one of your friends. The following phrases and structures may be helpful.His / Her name is …
He / She is … years old.
He / She likes … and dislikes …
He / She enjoys … and hates …
He / She is very kind / friendly / …
When / Where we got to know each other.A friend is
--- someone who understands our silence.
--- a watch that beats true for all time and never runs down.
--- the one who comes in when the whole world has gone out.
--- a person who remains true and faithful to us the whole life.Do you know August 1 is International Friendship Day (国际友谊节)?
International Friendship Day is a day for celebrating friendship. The day has been celebrated in several southern South American countries for many years, particularly in Paraguay (巴拉圭), where the first World Friendship Day was proposed in 1958.The exchange of Friendship Day gifts like flowers, cards and wrist bands is a popular tradition of this occasion.
Friendship Day celebrations occur on different dates in different countries. The first World Friendship Day was proposed for 30 July 1958. On 27 April 2011 the General Assembly of the United Nations declared 30 July as official International Friendship Day. However, some countries, including India, celebrate Friendship Day on the first Sunday of August.Friends are helpful.Friends are good company.To cope with stressful situations in life.To show my concern for other people. To let other people share my happiness.To share my worries and secrets in my inner
world.Why do we need friends?What else can be your friend besides a person? Do you think a diary can become your friend? Why or not?在美剧《吸血鬼日记》第一季的第一集中?， 女主角在写日记时所说的台词。Dear diary, today will be different. It has to be. I will smile, and it will be believable.
亲爱的日记本，今天将会不同以往。我必须要改变。我会微笑，我的微笑会让他们相信。
My smile was say “I'm fine, thank you.” “Yes, I feel much better.”
“我很好，谢谢关心” “是的，我好多了。”
I will no longer be the sad little girl who lost her parents. I will start fresh, be someone new.
我不再是失去双亲的悲伤女孩。我要重新开始，做全新的自己。
It's the only way I'll make it through.
只有这样我才能撑下去。Dear diary, I made it through the day. I must have said, “I'm fine, thanks.” at least 37 times.
亲爱的日记本，我熬过了一整天。今天我至少说了37次“我很好，谢谢。”
And I didn't mean it once. But no one noticed. When someone asks, “How are you?”
但没有一次是真心的。不过没人发现。当有人问起“你好吗？”
They really don't want an answer.
他们其实并不想知道答案。Do you know this girl?Anne Frank
born in 1929, in Germany1933
moved to Amsterdamfrom 1940, hidden in a building for two years, writing the diary1944
discovered and killed the next yearHer diary was published after the war. It has been translated into 65 languages.BackgroundThis is a true story. It took place in Amsterdam, Holland in the early 1940s after the German Nazis had occupied most of Europe. The Nazi Party ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945. One of their key policies was to kill all the Jews in Europe. If any persons known to be Jews were found, they would be sent to concentration camps farther east, mostly in Poland. Families were separated and transported in trains. For many days, they went without food, water, sanitation or fresh air. To avoid this terrible fate, some Jewish families went into hiding, often with the help of non-Jewish friends. This diary was written during the time when Anne and her family moved to escape from being killed by Nazis.Schindler's List is a 1993 epic drama film directed and co-produced by Steven Spielberg and scripted by Steven Zaillian. It is based on the novel Schindler's Ark by Thomas Keneally, an Australian novelist. The film tells the story of Oskar Schindler, a German businessman who saved the lives of more than a thousand mostly Polish-Jewish refugees during the Holocaust by employing them in his factories.
In 2007, the American Film Institute ranked the film 8th on its list of the 100 best American films of all time.Who was Anne’s best friend?
When did the story happen?
1. Read fast and answer the questions.Her diary, Kitty.During World War II.Fast reading Why did Anne like to keep a diary?
A. Because she dared not speak to
anyone.
B. Because she could tell everything to it.
C. Because she had nothing to do.
D. Because she could make no friends
there.B2. Choose the best answer.World War IINetherlands Anne her diary--Kitty over two yearsThursday 15, June, 19443. Fill in the form below.1. What is a true friend like in Anne’s opinion?In Anne’s opinion, a true friend is a person whom you can trust. That’s to say, you can tell everything to this person.Careful reading2. What was an ordinary diary like according to Anne? What about her diary?She thought an ordinary diary was where most people like to set down a series of facts. But Anne wrote down her deepest feelings and thoughts in her diary. She told everything to her best friend --- her diary.3. Why was she so crazy about things to do with nature?Because she had been indoors too long, she was so eager to see the outdoor world --- the blue sky, the singing birds, the beautiful flowers, the bright moon.4. Why did she stay awake on purpose until very late one evening? Because she wanted to have a good look at the bright moon.Match the words or phrases with their meanings in the story.go through
set down
a series of
on purpose
outdoorswrite down
several events or things that happen one after another
outside a building
not by accident; deliberately
experienceat dusk
face to face
entirely
dusty
thundercompletely; totally
covered with a layer of dust
to make or produce a loud noise
directly facing each other
the time of day immediately following sunset Anne’s best friendAnne’s feelingIf you had to stay in a room for a whole year, what would you miss most and what would you do to kill the time? DiscussionDiscussion According to the information in the table below, try to use the first person to retell the story.SummarySummaryTell Me Why is a single by Declan Galbraith, an English singer. Released on 9 December 2002, 10 days before his 11th birthday, this was Declan’s first single.A friend to all is a friend to none.
滥交者没有朋友。
2. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难朋友才是真朋友。
3. A faithful friend is hard to find. 益友难得。
4. A father is a treasure, a brother is a comfort, but a friend is both.
父亲是财富，兄弟是安慰，朋友兼而有之。?有关朋友的谚语5. A friend exaggerates a man's virtue, an enemy his crimes.
朋友宣扬人的美德，敌人夸大人的罪过。?
6. Both together do best of all.
二人同心,无往不胜。
7. Friendship is a love without wings.
友谊是一种无形的爱。
8. A life without a friend is a life without a sun.
人生没有朋友, 犹如人生没有了太阳。9. Set great store by friendship.
情意重千斤。
10. A friend is a second self.
朋友乃第二个自我。
11. Between friends all is common.
朋友之间不分彼此。
12. Old friends and old wine are best.
陈酒味醇, 老友情深。13. The friendship of a gentleman is insipid as water.
君子之交淡如水。
14. A bosom friend afar brings a distant land near.
海内存知己, 天涯若比邻。Famous quotations about friendship ★ True friendship is like sound health; the value of it is seldom known until it be lost.
--- Charles Caleb Colton
★ A friend is one who walks in when others walk out.
---Walter Winchell
★A friend is one who believes in you when you have ceased to believe in yourself.
--- Lysha★ The better part of one’s life consists of his friendships.
--- Abraham Lincoln
★Advice is like snow; the softer it falls, the longer it dwells upon, and the deeper it sinks into the mind.
--- Samuel Taylor Coleridge
★Friendship is the golden ribbon that ties the world together.
---Kristina KentigianTips on being a good friend
※ Treat your friends the way you want
to be treated.
※ Keep secrets that are told to you.
※ Pay attention when your friend is talking.
※ Keep your promises.
※ Share things with your friend.
※ Tell your friend the truth.
※ Stick up for your friend.1. Description of your unusual friend.
2. How do you become friends?
3. How do you get along with each other?
4. What do you learn from your unusual friend?HomeworkLanguage points 重点知识点讲练add up把……加起来
add to增添（相当于increase）
add … to把……加到……
add up to总共，总计；加起来结果是……
The piece of music adds to our enjoyment.这首音乐给我们增添了欢乐。
If you add five to five, you’ll get ten. 5+5=10
Will you add some sugar to the coffee, please?请在咖啡里加点糖好么？
His whole school education added up to no more than one year．他所受的全部学校教育加起来不超过一年。
1. add相关短语( 2012全国卷Ⅱ完形填空)Later, I decided to more things to the list A. connect B. turn C. keep D. add【运用】
（1）用add短语的适当形式填空
①Can you ______ these figures？你能把这些数字加起来吗？
②All these figures ___________5 000.所有这些数字加起来共计5 000。
③He some sugar ______ the coffee.他给咖啡里加了些糖。
④The bad weather __________ our difficulty.坏天气增加了我们的困难。
add upadd up to addedtoadded to2. upset （1）upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的
What made her so upset? 什么使他这样烦？
【常用搭配】be upset about对……感到不安。
I am extremely upset about her illness．她的病令我非常不安。
（2）upset vt. & vi. (使)烦恼, (使) 不安；弄翻（过去式upset，过去分词形式upset）
Don’t upset yourself, no harm has been done. 不要难过，并没有造成伤害。 He ignores the doctor’s advice and goes on smoking. 他没有理睬医生的劝告继续抽烟。
(2014·浙江) Last week a tennis ball hit me on the head but I tried to the pain believing that it would go away sooner or later
A. share B. realize C. ignore D. cause3. ignore vt.不理睬 ；忽视 4. calm adj.? 平静的；镇静的；沉静的 v. (使)平静，（使）镇静 calm…down“使……平静下来；使……镇定下来” keep/stay calm保持平静 （巩固练习）完成句子
① She lit a cigarette to________ 她点了支香烟，使自己平静下来。
② In time of great danger，it’s important to_________. 在极度危险之际，重要的是保持镇静。 calm herself down keep calm
Her illness concerns her parents. 她的病使她的父母很担心。
(2) n. 所关心的事；关心；担忧
His mother’s only concern was how to make him study even harder. 他妈妈心里想得全是如何使他学习更刻苦。
【常用短语】
show/feel concern for/about ……担心/关心……
be concerned in sth. 和某事有牵连
be concerned with sth.与某事有关/关于…….
as far as I am concerned就……而言(常用在写作中，以发表自己的见解) 5. concern (1) vt. 涉及，关系到；使关系（挂念），使忧虑。We went through hardships while working on this project. 执行这一计划时我们经历了许多苦难。
The teacher has gone though all the papers of the students. 老师仔细检查了学生的所有论文。
I’ve gone through my ink. 我的墨水用完了。
【拓展归纳1】through相关短语：
come through安然渡过(疾病、危机等)
look through浏览，翻阅
get through完成(工作)；穿越；通过(考试等)；接通
break through突破6. go through经历；经受；仔细检查；浏览；通过；用完go over复习，仔细检查
go by 经过，（时间）过去
go out熄灭，新闻发表，发出
go down平静，下降
go against违背；对……不利
go after追赶
go on继续
go in for喜欢
go off离开，爆炸7.动词go的相关短语（2）Durant，the Thunder basketball player，has _____some growing pains trying to improve his floor games this season．
A. gone through B. got through
C. looked through D. broken through
(3) Though my mother’s disease made me suffer a lot for two years。I used whatever means I could to_____ that difficult time．
A．go out B．go over
C．get across D．get through8. set down记下；登记；放下= put down= take down. He set down everything your teacher told in the class. 他把老师在课上说得所有内容都记下来。(2013, 湖北卷)In much of the animal world，night is the time_______for sleep pure and simple．
A．set aside B．set down C．set off D．set up
（2）You'd better listen to your teachers carefully and ______ what is important.
A．set off B．set out C．set up D．set down
单句改错
A series of good activities are held by them．
8. on purpose 有意地，故意地，特地
I think she lost the key on purpose. 我认为她故意地丢了钥匙。
He went abroad with the purpose of further improvement．为了进一步提高他去了国外。
by accident 偶然地 by chance偶然地，意外地
9. series?n. 连续；系列巩固练习
(1) 用适当的介词填空
① Oh, my baby, I know you didn’t break the vase
purpose. Don't cry !
②China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals the purpose of all ts citizens.
③ The discovery was made almost accident.
（2）翻译：每个人都能看出来他是故意这么做的。
Everybody can see that she did it on purpose.in order to后接动词原形，做目的状语，可放在主句之前或之后，其否定形式为“in order not to+动词原形”。
但so as to不能用于句首。
We eat in order to live, but we don’t live in order to eat. 我们吃饭是为了活着，但我们活着并不是为了吃饭。
In order to see it clearly．I put on my glasses．为了看清楚，我戴上了眼镜。10. in order to为了……【一句多译】为了按时到校，他很早就起床了。
（1）He got up earlier _________________.
= in order to get to school on time.
= in order that he could get to school on time.
= so as to get to school on time.
= so that he could get to school on time.
= to get to school on time.
（2）In order to get to school on time, he got up earlier.这个句子可以表达为下列几种方式：
In order that he could get to school on time, he got up earlier. = To get to school on time, he got up earlier. 【运用】
（1）选词填空（in order to /so as to /so that/in order that）
① be noticed，she shouted and waved to us.
②He arrived early he might not miss anything.
③He decided to work hard catch up with others.
（2）In order to make our city green, _______.
A. it is necessary to have planted more trees.
B. many more trees need to plant
C. our city needs more trees
D. we must plant more treesIn order toso that/ in order toin order to /so as toDDiscovering useful structures语法课Direct Speech and
indirect Speech (I) 直接引用别人的原话，两边用引号“”标出，叫做直接引语；用自己的语言转述别人的话，不需要引号这叫做间接引语。
直接引语为陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和祈使句时，转换为间接引语时, 在句子的结构、人称、时态、时间状语和地点状语等方面都有变化。 转述他人的陈述→陈述句→ She asked me what I was doing.1) He said , “I’m going to Beijing.”→ He said that he was going to Beijing.2) He asked, “Are you a teacher?”→ He asked me if /whether I was a doctor.3) She asked, “What are you doing?”2. 转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句3. 转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句 陈 述 句
用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替。注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，但不可直接说told that 。He said, “I have been to the Great Wall.”
He said (to us) that he had been to the Great Wall.
He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday.”
He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. 转换步骤:“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.Sarah said to her friendsthat saiddidn’tsheSarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.Sarah一般疑问句 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with
pronunciation?”
He asked (me) whether / if I had any difficulty
with my pronunciation.
He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?”
He asked whether I was interested in English. 间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked (me / him / us等)，语序是陈述句的语序。
“Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?”
They asked him.They asked himifIt is easy to improve the condition of the soil.it is easy to improve the condition of the soil.askediswasThey asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.转换步骤:特殊疑问句 He said to me, “What's your name?”
He asked me what my name was.
He asked us, “How many car factories have
been built in your country?”
He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask (sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序
When do you harvest the wheat ?
( They asked him )They asked himWhenyou harvest the wheatyou harvest the wheat.heharvestedThey asked him when he harvested the wheat.转换步骤:选择疑问句 He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”
He asked me whether I spoke English or
French.
I asked, “Will you take bus or take train?”
I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or… 5. 注意地点的变化在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1. 注意时态的变化2. 注意人称变化3. 注意指示代词的变化4. 注意时间的变化6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时不变一般将来时过去将来时 人称的变化一
随
主二随宾第三
人称
不变引号内的第一人称变间引后与主句主语的人称保持一致引号内的第二人称变间引后与主句宾语的人称保持一致引号内的第三人称在变间引后人称不变She said,“ I like
tennis.”She said that she
liked tennis.He said to Lily,
“ You must get
up early.”He told Lily that
she must get up
early.She said to me ,
“ They want to
help him.”She told me that
they wanted help
him.The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：The geography teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”1. 直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变She says that she’ll never forget the days in the country.The children said, “We love this game.”They told us that they love that game.She says, “I’ll never forget the days in the country.”2. 如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变3.主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。1. 当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候；
2. 当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语
时；
3. 当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时；
4. 当引语是谚语、格言时；
5. 当直接引语中有情态动词 should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时。 从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况: 直接引语 间接引语指示代词 地点状语 方向性动词 this, that, these those now, then, today that day this week that week yesterday the day before
last week the week before
four days ago four days before the day before yesterday two days before
tomorrow the next day
next month the next month
here there
come, go,bring take 时 间 状 语1. “I never eat meat,” he said.
He said that ______ never ______ meat.
2. “I’ve found my wallet,” he said to me.
He ______ me that he ______ ______ ______ wallet.
3. “I took it home with me,” she said.
She said that ______ ______ _______ it home with her.Practicehetoldshe had takenatehad found his4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”
The teacher said that the sun ______ in the east and ______ down in the west.
5. “I met her yesterday,” he said to me.
He ______ me that he ______ met her the day ______.
6. “You must come here before five,” he said.
He said that I ______ to go ______ before five.risestoldhad theregoeshadbefore7. “I bought the house 10 years ago,” he said.
He said that he _______ bought the house 10 years _______.
8. “Did you see her last week?” he said.
He ______ ______ I had seen her the week _______.
9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”
He ______ Jim that he ______ sit there.hadasked ifcouldbeforebeforetold10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”
He asked his mother ______ ______ ______
found it.
11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.
He asked me _______ _______ _______been _______ days.
12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.
He asked ______ ______ knew where she ______.how she hadwhere I had livedthosewhether IHomeworkReview grammar and finish the exercises on P 5 and P 42.
Preview Using language on P 6 and 7.HomeworkWriting 写作课
如何写好建议信
【技巧点拨】 建议信是书信的一种形式，属于应用文文体。建议信要写出写信的目的、建议的内容、提出建议的理由和根据。理由要合情合理，语气一定要礼貌。
建议信主要从以下几方面写：
首段：一般针对对方对自己的信任简单表示感谢，指明建议的前提和事情的原委，对自己的立场作一些解释。首先要点明写信的目的是提建议。
中段：围绕问题，结构清晰、科学婉转地提出有针对性的建议。注意充分考虑对方的实际情况，表达时应选择得体用语。切忌用语生硬强制、泛泛而谈。通常以In the first place／Firstly／First…, Secondly／Second…, Last but not least…等依次陈述建议。
尾段：简单予以希望。希望自己的建议能对对方有所帮助，阐明你所提供的建议仅供对方参考等。最后真诚地希望对方能接受自己的建议，并礼貌地结束全文。【注意事项】
语气和用词要得体。在劝说对方接受你的建议时，应该注意措辞，慎用must等命令性词汇。要用协商性、试探性的语气提出建议，避免用生硬说教的口吻。内容应简明扼要。在提建议的过程中一定要抓住问题的关键，努力做到语言简短有力、内容重点突出。必备词汇 短语 句型单词：
advice, tips, suggest, suggestions, express, advantage, confuse, difficulty／trouble, opinion, understanding必备词汇 短语 句型短语：
make some suggestions 提些建议
have difficulty／trouble in doing sth．做某事有困难
in one’s opinion依某人看来
make friends with sb．与某人交朋友
get along well with sb．与某人相处得很好
make one’s effort to do sth．尽力做某事
in a word总而言之句型：
1) 表达建议常用句式：
You should …
I feel that it would be helpful if…
I would like to suggest that…
If I were you，I would…
As far as I am concerned…／In my opinion…
It seems better that…
Why not…?
It would be a good idea if…
For one thing…，for another…
In the first place／Firstly／First…, Secondly／Second…, Last but not least…2）建议信开头常用句式：
I’m writing to give some suggestions to…
1 will try my best to make some suggestions．
Here I'd like to give my advice on…／I’d like to suggest that．．．
Thanks for trusting me．It’ my great pleasure to give you some suggestions／advice／tips．
I'm sorry to hear／learn that… .
3)建议信的结尾常用句式：
I will be more than happy to see improvements in this matter.
I would be ready to discuss this matter with you in further detail．
Please take good consideration of my advice．Thank you．
I hope you will take my advice into account. I hope you will find these suggestions／tips practical／useful／helpful．
These are only my personal suggestions／tips．
I will highly appreciate your consideration of my advice／suggestions／tips.
I am looking forward to your reply．【典题训练】
假如你叫李华，你的好友王强给你来信，说他的父母最近总是吵架，为此他很苦恼，问你该怎么办，希望你能给他提一些建议。请你根据下列要点提示，给他写封回信。
1．等你的父母冷静下来以后，分别找他们谈
2．跟你的父母说，你非常爱他们，不希望看到他们经常吵闹；
3．向你的父母许诺，你会好好学习，不会让他们失望；
4．拿出你父母以前的照片，让他们回想往日的幸福时光。
要求： l. 词数：100左右； 2．不要逐字逐句地翻译。【参考范文】
Dear Wang Qiang,
I'm very sorry to have learned that your parents are always quarrelling with each other at present. I can fully understand your present feelings for I had such experience two years ago. Now let me give you several suggestions.
First, you can have a heart-to-heart talk with your father or mother at a time after they calm down. Second, you should tell them that you love them very much and that you hate to see them quarrel now and then. Third, It would be a good idea if you promise them that you will study hard and that you won't let them down. Last but not least, why not try to show them their old photos? On seeing these photos, they will think of all the happy days they spent together. Maybe they will forgive and forget.
I hope you will find these suggestions helpful.
Best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
