2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U1Great Scientists含答案【6份打包】

2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U1【A】含答案
Tu Youyou， the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel
Prize in science， has made us all proud. Tu， born in 1930，
discovered artemisinin ?青蒿素?， a drug that has reduced
the death rates for patients suffering from malaria ?疟疾?.
“Artemisinin is a gift for the world people from the traditional
Chinese medicine”. It is of great importance for curing malaria
and other infectious diseases and for protecting the health of
the world people.
Tu's winning the prize shows that China has made
rapid progress in scientific and technological field and marks
a great contribution of traditional Chinese medicine to the
cause of human health.
Tu was born in Ningbo， Zhejiang province， China on
30 December， 1930. Tu studied at Beijing Medical University
School of Pharmacy， and graduated in 1955. Later Tu was
trained for two and a half years in traditional Chinese medicine.
Tu worked at the Academy of Chinese Medicine in Beijing
after graduation. She was promoted to a researcher in 1980 only
after the Chinese economic reform. In 2011， Tu became the first
scientist in China to win America's Lasker Award ?拉斯克奖?
for her achievements. Currently she is the Chief Scientist in
the Academy.Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Pre-reading
对应学生用书P2
[原文呈现]
JOHN SNOW① DEFEATS②
“KING CHOLERA③”
John Snow was a famous doctor in London — so expert④， indeed, that he attended⑤ Queen Victoria⑥ as her personal physician⑦. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to⑧ cholera. This was the deadly⑨ disease of its day⑩. Neither its cause nor its cure? was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time? there was an outbreak?. John Snow wanted to face the challenge? and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found.
He became interested in two theories that? possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied? in the air. A cloud of? dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims?. The second suggested that people absorbed? this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected? person died.
[读文清障]
①John Snow约翰·斯诺(1813－1858)，英国医生
②defeat[dI'fi?t]vt.打败；战胜；使受挫
③King Cholera　1854年爆发于英国的一次严重霍乱
④expert['eksp??t]adj.熟练的 n．专家；行家
⑤attend[?'tend]vt.照顾；护理；参加
⑥Queen Victoria维多利亚女王(1819－1901)
⑦physician[fI'zI?n]n．医生；内科医师
⑧expose[Ik'sp??z] ... to使……显露；暴露
过去分词短语exposed to cholera作后置定语，修饰people。
⑨deadly ['dedlI]adj.致命的
⑩of its day当时；那时。在句中作后置定语。
?cure[kj??]n．治愈；痊愈 vt.治愈；治疗
?every time每次；用作连词，连接时间状语从句。
?outbreak ['a?tbreIk]n．爆发；发作(尤指疾病或战争)
?challenge['t??lInd?]n．挑战
?that在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词theories。
?multiply v．繁殖；成倍增加；乘
?a cloud of一团……
?victim['vIktIm]n．受害者
?absorb[?b'z??b]vt.吸收；吸引；使专心
absorb ... into ... 将……吸入……
?过去分词affected在句中作定语，意为“受疾病侵袭的”。
约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”
[第1～2段译文]
约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。霍乱是当时最致命的疾病。人们既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。因此，每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人死去。约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道在找到病源之前，疫情是无法控制的。
对于霍乱是如何致人死亡的，当时有两种相对合理的看法，斯诺对这两种看法比较感兴趣。第一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖，它像一股危险的气体到处飘浮，直到找到受害者为止。第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。 疾病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者很快就会死亡。
John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods， he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
suspect[s?'spekt]vt.认为；怀疑 ['s?spekt]n．被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
hit vt.(厄运、灾难等)突然袭击；侵袭
enquiry[In'kwaI?rI]n．询问
as在句中引导时间状语，意为“当……时候”。
neighbourhood['neIb?h?d]n．附近；邻近
severe[sI'vI?]adj.严重的；剧烈的；严厉的
so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”
be determined to do下定决心做
[第3段译文]
　 约翰·斯诺推测第二种理论是正确的， 但他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱时，约翰·斯诺就准备开始他的调查。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，他就开始收集资料。在两条特定的街上霍乱流行得很严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。他决心要查明原因。
First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40)．He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame.
Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas.
mark ... on ...把……标在……上
where引导定语从句，修饰先行词places。
clue [klu?]n．线索；提示
death n．死；死亡(人数)；死亡案例
pump[p?mp]n．泵；抽水机 vt.(用泵)抽(水)
Broad Street牛津城的宽街，历史建筑群最密集的街道之一。
Cambridge ['keImbrId?] Street 剑桥大街
foresee[f??'si?]vt. (foresaw, foreseen) 预见；预知
investigation [In?vestI'geI?n]n．调查
It seemed that ...好像……
blame[bleIm]vt.责备；谴责 n．过失；责备
be to blame应受责备；该受责备
look into调查；了解
pollute[p?'lu?t]vt.污染；弄脏
handle['h?ndl]n．柄；把手 vt.处理；操纵
so that引导目的状语从句。
slow down减缓；缓解
germ [d???m]n．微生物；细菌
[第4～5段译文]
首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的确切的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱病因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近?特别是16、37、38、40号?。约翰·斯诺还发现有些住宅?如宽街上的20号和21号以及剑桥大街上的8号和9号?却无人死亡。他以前没预见到这种情况，所以他要进行更进一步的调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥大街7号的酒馆里工作。酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵里抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。
接下来，约翰·斯诺调查了这两条街的水源。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被从伦敦排放的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的百姓拆掉水泵的把手，这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就得到缓解。他证明了霍乱是由病菌而不是由气体传播的。
In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street， liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.
To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.
supporting adj.有力的；(演员、角色)次要的；配角的
supporting evidence有力的证据
link[lI?k]vt.&n．连接；联系
link ... to ...将……和……联系或连接起来
who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词woman。
had it delivered (让人运送它)中it代指上文的water，have为使役动词，过去分词delivered作宾语补足语。
announce[?'na?ns]vt.宣布；通告
with certainty“肯定地”，作状语。
prevent ... (from) doing阻止……做……
be examined为虚拟语气结构，其前省略了should。
instruct [In'str?kt]vt.命令；指示；教导
instruct sb. to do sth.指导某人做某事
[第6～7段译文]
在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢从那个水泵里抽上来的水，每天都要让人把水运到她家。她和她的女儿喝了这种水后，都得了霍乱而死去。有了这个额外的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。
为了防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。供水公司得到指示，再也不能让人们接触被污染的水了。最后，“霍乱王”被击败了。
Pre-reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．defeat　　　　A．to make a person or an animal healthy again after an illness
2．cure B．a new or difficult task that tests sb.'s ability and skill
3．challenge C．to win against sb.in a war, competition, sports game, etc.
4．suspect D．to have an idea that something is bad but without having
definite proof
5．blame E．to take in liquid, gas, or another substance from the surface or
space around something
6．absorb F．to make a connection between two or more things or people
7．link G．to think or say that sb./sth. is responsible for sth.bad
8．conclusion H．the part of sth.used to open it; to deal with; to operate or control
9．expose I．to show sth. that is usually covered or hidden; to make sth.
Known publicly
10．handle J．sth. that you decide is true after thinking it carefully; the end of sth.
1～5　________　　6～10　________
答案：1～5　CABDG　6～10　EFJIH
Lead-in
Match the pictures with the proper introductions.
1．__F__ He is considered as one of the greatest scientists in history for his discovery of universal gravitation and the three laws of motion.
2．__B__ She is a famous Chinese female scientist who won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine on October 5 for her discoveries concerning a novel treatment against malaria (疟疾). This is the first Nobel Prize given to a Chinese scientist for work carried out within China.
3．__E__ He is a British scientist. He worked in astronomy and put forward a theory about black holes.
4．__A__ He was a scientist who made important contributions to the missile and space programs.He returned to China in 1955 and led the Chinese rocket program, and became known as the “Father of Chinese Rocketrying”.
While-reading
Fast-reading
Skim the text and choose the best answers.
1．What's the main idea of the passage?
A．John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.
B．The cause of cholera was polluted water.
C．The source of all drinking water should be examined.
D．How John Snow collected, analyzed data and found the cause of the disease and
solved it.
答案：D
2．Find out the main idea (or topic sentence) of each paragraph：
Para.1 　　　A．Polluted water carried the disease.
Para.2　　 B．“King Cholera” was defeated at last.
Para.3 C．John Snow wanted to use his knowledge to solve cholera.
Paras.4 & 5 D．He got interested in two theories explaining the cause of cholera.
Para.6 E．He needed evidence to prove the second theory was correct.
Para.7 F．He found out that dirty water was the cause of cholera.
Para.1 ________　　Para.2 ________
Para.3 ________ Paras.4 & 5 ________
Para.6 ________ Para.7 ________
答案：
Para.1——C　　　　　　　Para.2——D
Para.3——E Paras.4 & 5——F
Para.6——A Para.7——B
Careful-reading
Read the text and choose the best answers.
1．According to John Snow's view, ________.
A．Queen Victoria suffered a lot from bad health
B．a cure had been found for cholera before his time
C．cholera's cause had to be discovered in order to control it
D．thousands of terrified people knew what they should do
2．Which of the following theories did John Snow believe in?
A．A cloud of dangerous gas would float around until it found its victims.
B．People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.
C．People got infected with cholera because of cold and hunger.
D．People suffered from cholera because they were not clean.
3．After he made further investigations, John Snow found ________.
A．cholera multiplied in the air
B．people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals
C．the water from the polluted river was to blame
D．flies spread the disease
4．How did he find out the cause of the disease?
A．By living in the area where cholera broke out.
B．By marking a map where all the dead people had lived.
C．By telling the terrified people how to prevent it.
D．By saving the dying people suffering from cholera.
5．How was “King Cholera” defeated?
A．By not polluting the river again.
B．By eating healthy diets.
C．By delivering the water from other rivers.
D．By stopping drinking the polluted water.
答案：1～5　CBCBD
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]　但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。
2．First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived.
[句式分析]　where引导定语从句，修饰先行词places, on a map为地点状语前置，原因marked的宾语“the exact places ... had lived”太长，为了结构紧凑，故放在了地点状语的后面。
[尝试翻译]　首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的确切的地方。
3．A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]　有一位妇女是从宽街搬过来的，她特别喜欢从那个水泵里抽上来的水，每天都要让人把水运到她家。
4．To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.
[句式分析]　逗号前面的不定式短语作目的状语。suggested 后接宾语从句the source of all the water supplies be examined。
[尝试翻译]　为了防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
对应课时跟踪检测P97
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Albert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century. He changed scientific thinking in the modern world. He was generally considered as the greatest physicist who ever lived. What's more, he devoted a lot of his time and energy to working for human rights and progress.
In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship. Einstein then settled down in the United States. In 1934, Einstein, who loved peace — afraid of a world in which only Hitler would have an atomic bomb (原子弹) — tried hard to persuade President Franklin D．Roosevelt in a famous letter to have the United States start uranium (铀) research. That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected. After the war, Einstein never stopped working for peace and reducing the number of soldiers in the world.
Although he wasn't connected with any accepted religion (宗教), Einstein felt that trusting in a personal God was too special an idea to be suitable to the God at work in this universe, but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder. The universe to him was one of pure law and order. He once said, “God may know everything, but he is not hateful.”
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了在第二次世界大战期间爱因斯坦的情况。
1．From the passage we know that ________.
A．no scientist is as great as Albert Einstein during this century
B．Albert Einstein was likely to be the greatest scientist of his time
C．Albert Einstein made the first atomic bomb for the United States
D．Albert Einstein gave up his German citizenship for political reasons
解析：选B　细节理解题。从第一段的第一句“Albert Einstein was probably the most famous scientist of the twentieth century.”可知答案为B。
2．If Einstein had known that Hitler had no atomic bomb and that the first atomic bomb would fall on Japan, he would ________.
A．have continued his scientific research
B．have won another Nobel Prize for Physics
C．not have advised starting uranium research in the USA
D．not have moved to the USA
解析：选C　推理判断题。从第二段中的“That Germany, after all, had no bomb, and that the first bomb would fall on Japan, could not have been expected.”和文章中提到的爱因斯坦是热爱和平、反对战争的可推知，如果能料到的话，他就不会建议美国进行铀的研究了。故选C。
3．Einstein ________ in 1933.
A．visited England and the USA
B．advised the United States to start uranium research
C．became a man without citizenship
D．both A and C
解析：选D　细节理解题。从第二段中的“In 1933, while Einstein was visiting England and the United States, the Nazi government of Germany took all his things away, including his position and his citizenship.”可得出A项和C项表述的内容都正确。故选D。
4．Einstein believed that everything in the universe ________.
A．was kept in order by its own law
B．had nothing to do with each other
C．happened in an irregular way
D．was made by the personal God
解析：选A　细节理解题。从最后一段的“but he never believed that the universe was one of chance or disorder”和“The universe to him was one of pure law and order.”可得出答案为A。
B
Sir John Gurdon, a British scientist, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012, said he had predicted at the time of his frog experiments that the successful cloning of a mammal would happen within 50 years, and that “maybe the same answer is appropriate” for the step to human cloning. Parents who lose children in accidents may be able to clone “copies” to replace them then.
Although any attempt to clone an entire human would raise complex moral issues, the biologist claimed people would soon overcome their concerns if the technique became medically useful. Cloning was regarded with extreme doubts when it was first developed but became widely accepted after the birth of Louise Brown, the first “test-tube baby”. He said, “When my first frog experiments were done, an American reporter asked how long it would be before these things could be done in mammals or humans. I said, ‘Well, it could be anytime between 10 years and 100 years — how about 50 years？’ It turned out that it wasn't far off the mark as far as Dolly was concerned. Maybe the same answer is appropriate.” Sir John added that cloning a human being effectively means making an identical twin, and doctors would therefore simply be “copying what nature has already produced”．
The average vote on allowing parents of deceased children, who are no longer fertile (能生育的), to create another by using the mother's eggs and skin cells from the first child, thinking the technique was safe and effective, is 60 percent in favor. The reasons for “no” are usually that the new children would feel they are some sort of replacements for something.
语篇解读：诺贝尔生理学或医学奖得主、英国科学家约翰·格登爵士称，那些在事故中失去子女的父母将能在未来50年内借助克隆技术，让他们的子女得到“重生”。
5．Sir John predicted the human cloning would be a reality in ________ at most.
A．about 100 years　　　　 B．about 60 years
C．about 50 years D．about 10 years
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，格登爵士表示，在未来50年内，那些在事故中失去孩子的父母将有可能通过克隆技术得到孩子的“复制品”。故选C项。
6．According to the text, which statement is NOT true?
A．Louise Brown is the first “test-tube baby”．
B．Human cloning is still a controversial topic.
C．Sir John is positive about the future of human cloning.
D．Human cloning is creating something that didn't exist before.
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“after the birth of Louise Brown, the first ‘test-tube baby’”可排除A项；文章尾段说明赞成者占6成，故排除B项；根据第二段中格登爵士的话可知，他对克隆人充满了希望，故排除C项；根据第二段的尾句可知，D项表述不正确。
7．The underlined word “identical” probably means “______”．
A．same B．special
C．new D．clear
解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“twin”和文中的“doctors would therefore simply be ‘copying what nature has already produced’”可知，A项正确。
8．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．most people cast doubt on John's experiments
B．human cloning is and will be only a dream
C．few children love to be cloned in the future
D．human cloning may be realized someday
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段的第一句可知，虽然克隆人类的尝试将引起复杂的道德问题，但是生物学家声称如果克隆技术变得有医学价值，人们很快就会消除他们的担心，因此可推断D项正确。
C
More at ease with competing to pull users to their services, Google and Facebook are not in a war of marketing for once. Now they are fighting it out to attract a new name to their business.
15-year-old Australian teenager Ben Pasternak has attracted the attention of the companies after he designed an app store game called Impossible Rush. The app has been downloaded more than 500,000 times. The game managed to climb higher than Vine and Twitter on the App Store charts.
Now Facebook has invited him for a tour of the company's California headquarters, while Google's vice president has asked him to come to its campus. Both companies hope Ben could be one of their future developers.
Ben is one of the 450 high-school-aged entrepreneurs (企业家) accepted onto a Google and MIT supported event called Hack Generation Y, in which high school students create a product in 36 hours.
Michael Matias, the organizer of the event, said, “Ben has shown the world that age is just a number. His iPhone app was extremely impressive and if we were to guess — we would never imagine it was run by a 15-year-old.”
Ben said, “Another teen Austin Valleskey helped me a lot in creating this iPhone game. My biggest motivation (动机) is knowing that my apps make people's lives just a little bit easier and simpler. There is no better feeling than seeing people using your creations.”
Whatever choice he makes — Facebook, Google or a tour of both — he's got a huge and bright future in a world controlled by mobile technology. He's not stopping there though. He is deep in planning to make an app called One, which is to bring all social media into one app.
语篇解读：15岁的澳大利亚神童因设计一款手机游戏而一举走红，脸谱网和谷歌竞相邀请他到其公司发展。
9．According to Paragraph 1, we know that ________.
A．Google and Facebook want to change their names
B．Google and Facebook have competed for several times
C．the services of Google and Facebook are not very good
D．now the competition between Google and Facebook isn't serious
解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段“... Google and Facebook are not in a war of marketing for once”可知，谷歌和脸谱网的竞争不止一次。
10．The app store game Impossible Rush ________.
A．is just an idea of Ben Pasternak
B．can be downloaded on many websites
C．has attracted the attention of Ben Pasternak
D．is more popular than Vine and Twitter now
解析：选D　细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知，这个游戏的风靡程度超过了Vine和Twitter。
11．Which of the following may Michael Matias agree with?
A．It's impossible for Ben to run an iPhone app.
B．Young people in high school are more creative.
C．Hack Generation Y should accept more people.
D．Ben Pasternak has a special talent for designing apps.
解析：选D　推理判断题。由第五段可知，Michael Matias很难想象15岁的Ben Pasternak
能够设计出这样的手机游戏，因此他对Ben Pasternak的能力是非常惊讶和赞赏的。
12．It can be inferred from the text that Ben ________.
A．creates apps mainly for making more money
B．is excited when seeing people using his creation
C．wants Facebook and Google to be one company
D．always creates games for the iPhone alone
解析：选B　推理判断题。第六段最后一句提到Ben看到别人用自己的发明的时候感到非常高兴。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
How teens can stay fit
Any type of regular, physical activity can improve your fitness and your health. 1
Exercise should be a regular part of your day, like brushing your teeth, eating and sleeping. It can be in gym class, joining a sports team, or working out on your own. Keep the following tips in mind：
2 A good attitude is important. Find an activity that you think is fun. You are more likely to stick with it if you choose something you like. A lot of people find it's more fun to exercise with someone else, so see if you can find a friend or family member to be active with you.
Take it one step at a time. 3 For example, walk or ride your bike to school. Get on or off the bus several blocks away and walk the rest of the way. Use the stairs instead of taking the elevator.
Get your heart pumping (跳动). Whatever you choose, make sure it includes aerobic (有氧的) activity that makes you breathe harder and increases your heart rate. This is the best type of exercise because it increases your fitness level and makes your heart work better.
4 Examples of aerobic activities are basketball, running, or swimming.
Don't forget to warm up. With some easy exercises or stretching (拉伸) before you do any physical activity. 5 It is also important to stretch out after you exercise to cool down your muscles.
A．It also burns off body fat.
B．Stay positive and have fun.
C．Make physical activity a habit.
D．Small changes can add up to better fitness.
E．The most important thing is that you keep moving!
F．This warms your muscles up and may help protect against injury.
G．Do the activity as often as possible, but don't exercise to the point of pain.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章向青少年介绍了几条如何保持身体健康的建议。
1．选E　由下文关于运动方面的几条建议可知，作者认为保持身体健康最好的办法是运动。E项中的keep moving指代下文的Exercise。
2．选B　B项中的Stay positive和have fun分别与下文的A good attitude和activity that you think is fun相呼应。
3．选D　根据本段小标题Take it one step at a time可知，循序渐进，小小的改变也能使身体更健康，故选D项。
4．选A　有氧运动可提高健康水平、使心脏更好地工作，也可起到减肥的作用，故选A项。
5．选F　根据下文的stretch out after you exercise to cool down your muscles可知，运动前先进行热身是为了保护身体避免受伤，故选F项。
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U1【B】含答案
对应学生用书P6
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
defeatvt.　　　打败；战胜；使受挫
n.失败
2.expertadj.熟练的；经验或知识丰富的
n. 专家；行家
3.attendvt. 照顾；护理；出席；参加
4.exposevt. 暴露；揭露；使曝光
5.curen. 治愈；痊愈
vt. 治愈；治疗
6.challengen. 挑战
vt. 向……挑战
7.suspectvt. 认为；怀疑
n. 被怀疑者； 嫌疑犯
8.blamevt. 责备；谴责
n. 过失；责备
9.handlen. 柄；把手
vt. 处理；操纵
10.linkvt.&n. 连接；联系
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.scientific adj.科学的→science n．科学→scientist n．科学家
2.concludevt.&vi. 结束；推断出→conclusionn．结论；结束
3.absorbvt. 吸收；吸引；使专心→absorbed adj.全神贯注的；一心一意的
4.pollutevt.污染；弄脏→pollution n．污染
5.announcevt. 宣布；通告→announcement n．公告；宣布→announcer n．播音员；宣告者
1.painter n．画家；油漆匠
[同义]　drawer n．画家
[串记]　The painter is painting the door.
这位油漆匠正在给门上油漆。
2.physician n．医生；内科医师
[联想]　doctor 医生； dentist 牙医
[词块]　see a doctor/dentist 看医生/牙医
3.neighbourhood n．附近；邻近
[记法]　neighbour (n.邻居)＋-hood
[联想]　childhood n．童年
4.pump [名词动用]n．泵；抽水机→vt.(用泵)抽水
[联想]　“名词动用”的常见词集锦
①book n．书→v.预订　②seat n．座位→v.容纳
③back n．背部→v.支持 ④face n．脸→vt.面对
⑤head n．头→vi.前往
5.foresee (原形)→foresaw (过去式)→foreseen (过去分词)
[规律]　A－B－C型
[联想]　“A－B－C型”不规则动词一览
①see→saw→seen②hide→hid→hidden
③write→wrote→written④ride→rode→ridden
⑤give→gave→given
6.“照看/照顾某人”的多种表达
①attend (to) sb.　　②care for sb.
③take care of sb. ④look after sb.
①attend (to) sb.　　②care for sb.
③take care of sb. ④look after sb.
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.putforward　　　　提出；推荐
2．Drawaconclusion得出结论
3．expose_..._to使显露；暴露
4．of_sb.'s/sth.'s_day在某人/某物存在的时候
5．face_a_challenge面临挑战
6．mark_..._on_...在……上把……标出来
7．be_to_blame该受责备；应负责
8．look_into调查
9．slow_down减速；减缓
10．link_..._to_...将……和……联系或连接起来
1.pass sth. from parents to their children
　　　　　　　　　　父母传给子女某物
2．find supporting evidence
找到有力的证据
3．the research into a disease
对……疾病的研究
4．a cloud of gas 一团气体
5．gather information 收集信息
6．make further investigations
做进一步调查
7．to prevent this from happening again
为了防止这种情况再次发生
8．an outbreak of cholera 霍乱爆发
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人们既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。
neither ...nor ...“既不……也不……”。
In autumn, it's neither_too_hot_
nor_too_cold.
(2014·天津高考标准范文)
秋天，既不太热又不太冷。
2.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
因此，每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人死去。
every time “每次”，作连词用，引导时间状语从句。
Every_time_I_pass_the_school,_I think of my first English teacher.
每次我经过学校，我就想起我的第一个英语老师。
3.In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.
在两条特定的街上霍乱流行得很严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。
so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”；that引导结果状语从句。
At the beginning, learning English seemed so_difficult_that I wanted to give up without even trying
ing.(2014·山东高考满分作文)
起初，学英语看上去那么难以至于我甚至还没尝试就想放弃。
4.To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.
为了防止这种情况再度发生，约翰·斯诺建议所有水源都要经过检测。
suggest表示“建议”时，其后宾语从句中的谓语动词常常使用(should＋)动词原形。但表示“表明；暗示”时不用虚拟语气。
My deskmate's sleepy look suggested that he was_tired_of his study and I suggested he (should)_have_a_rest.
我的同桌困倦的表情表明他学习累了。我建议他休息一下。
1．(教材P1)Who put forward a theory about black holes?
谁提出了关于黑洞的理论？
?put forward
写出下列句中put forward的含义
①They've put the date of their wedding forward by one week.提前
②She put forward a good suggestion at the meeting.提出
③You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes.拨快
④Can I put you forward as our club secretary？提名；推荐
put aside　　　　　 节省；储蓄；储存；留出；放一边
put away 放好；存起来
put off 延期；推迟
put up 举起；张贴；建立；提供食宿
put up with 容忍；忍受
⑤Encourage children to_put_aside some of their pocket money to buy Christmas presents.
鼓励孩子们存下一部分零花钱来购买圣诞礼物。
⑥I'm not going to put_up_with their smoking in the office any longer.
我再也不能容忍他们在办公室抽烟了。
2．(教材P1)Draw a conclusion
得出结论
?conclusion n．结论；结束
(1)draw a conclusion　　　　　得出结论
in conclusion 总而言之
conclude sth. 以……结束……
①I concluded/drew a conclusion from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way.(2014·山东高考写作)
我从我自己的经历中得出结论：有志者，事竟成。
②In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.
总之，散步是一种廉价、安全、有趣且易实施的锻炼方式。
③When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it with important points.(2013·浙江高考单选)
小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要用几条要点作为结束。
[名师点津]　除in conclusion外，写作时还常常用到下面短语作为全文总结语。
①in short　　　②in a word　　　③in brief
④all in all ⑤to sum up ⑥briefly (speaking)
⑦on the whole
3．(教材P2)John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
约翰·斯诺战胜“霍乱王”
?defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫n．失败
①Guangzhou Evergrande defeated another team and won the Asian Champions League for the second time in three years.
广州恒大击败了另外一支队伍，三年来两次赢得亚冠联赛冠军。
②She was a woman who hated to_admit_defeat.
她是个不愿服输的女人。
[辨析比较]　defeat, beat, win
defeat
击败，强调过程和结果
宾语是对手
beat
打败；(连续)击打
宾语是对手
win
赢得；获胜
宾语是game或prize等
③Yesterday I defeated/beat John at chess. He won only one set, while I won two sets.
昨天和约翰下棋，我赢了他。他只赢了一盘，而我赢了两盘。
4．(教材P2)John Snow was a famous doctor in London — so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.
约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。
?attend vt.照顾；护理；出席；参加
写出下列句中attend的含义
①The patients are well attended in the hospital.照顾；护理
②You know, my uncle Li Ming is going to the city where you live to attend an international meeting.(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)出席；参加
③He told me that he had an important party to attend that night.参加
(1)vt.&vi.照顾；护理；专心；注意
attend (to) sb.　　　　　　 照料/关怀某人
attend to sth. 处理/专心于某事
④There was no one to attend (to) him but Tina.
除了蒂娜，再无人照顾他了。
⑤Attend_to your study and stop talking.
专心学习，停止说话。
(2)vt.出席；参加；定期去
attend a meeting/wedding　　参加会议/婚礼
attend school/church 去上学/去做礼拜
⑥He was invited to the party but he did not attend it.
他被邀请参加那次聚会，但他没参加。
5．(教材P2)But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓，他就感到很振奋。
?expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光；使接触；使体验
expose ... to ...　　使……暴露于……；使……遭受……
be exposed to 暴露于；接触
①Don't expose babies to strong sunlight.
不要让婴儿受到强烈阳光的照射。
②Wounds exposed to the air heal more quickly.
＝Wounds that/which_are_exposed_to the air heal more quickly.
伤口暴露在空气中愈合得更快。
③Travelling abroad exposes_children_to different languages and cultures.
去国外旅行会使孩子们接触到不同的语言和文化。
[名师点津]　及物动词expose后若无宾语，则常常使用它的被动形式。
④Being exposed to strong sunlight will do harm to your skin.
暴露在强光下会对你的皮肤有害。
6．(教材P2)Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人们既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。
?cure n．[C]治愈；痊愈；疗法 vt.治愈；治疗；改掉(坏习惯)
a cure for sth.　　　 医治某种病的疗法
cure sb. of sth. 治愈某人的病；改掉某人的坏习惯
①Researchers find cures for certain diseases often by using the forests' plant and animal life.
研究人员通常通过利用森林动植物找出某些疾病的治疗方法。
②He has been completely cured of his illness.
他已经彻底痊愈了。
③He borrowed a book to help cure_him_of his reading problem.
他借了一本书来帮助攻克他的阅读障碍。
[名师点津]　常见的“动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”结构还有：
①remind sb. of sth.　　　 提醒某人某事
②warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事
③rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物
④inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事
⑤cheat sb. of sth. 欺骗某人某事
7．(教材P2)John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.
约翰·斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。
?challenge n．挑战vt.向……挑战
(1)a challenge to ...　　　　　　　 对……的挑战
face a challenge 面临挑战
accept/take up a challenge 接受挑战
meet the challenge of 面临……的挑战
(2)challenging adj. 具有挑战性的
①Exploring outer space is a challenge to mankind.
探索外太空对人类来说是一项挑战。
②Though his arms hurt, Steven took_up/accepted_a_new_challenge,_cycling the 250-mile route alone.
虽然他的胳膊都受伤了，但是斯蒂文接受了新的挑战，独自一人骑车完成了250英里的路程。
③Teaching young children is a challenging (challenge) and rewarding job.
幼儿教育是一项具有挑战性和有益的工作。
[名师点津]　challenge本身已含“向……；对……”的意义，因而不要再加多余的to。
向某人挑战
8．(教材P2)The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.
第二种看法是人们是在吃饭时把这种病毒引入体内的。
?absorb vt.吸收；吸引；使专心
absorb ... from ...　　　　　 从……中吸收……
absorb ... into ... 把……吸收入……
absorb oneself in＝be absorbed in 专心于；全神贯注于
①Plants absorb carbon dioxide from air and moisture from the soil.
植物从空气中吸收二氧化碳并从土壤中汲取水分。
②The surrounding small towns have been absorbed withto the city.
四周的小城镇已并入这座城市。
③Tom was so absorbed in his work that he forgot to inform her of it.
＝So absorbed_was_Tom_in_his_work that he forgot to inform her of it.
＝Absorbed (absorb) in his work, Tom forgot to inform her of it.
汤姆专心于工作，忘记了通知她这件事。
[名师点津]　be absorbed in (doing) sth.结构在句中作状语、定语时，常用其过去分词形式absorbed in ...。类似的结构还有：
①be lost in ...　　　 陷入……；专心致志于……
②be caught in ... 被困在……
③be buried in ... 埋头于……
④be devoted to ... 致力于……；专心于……
9．(教材P2)John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.
约翰·斯诺推测第二种理论是正确的，但他需要证据。
?suspect vt.怀疑；认为n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯
suspect that ...　　　　　　 怀疑……；觉得……
suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事
suspect sb. to be ... 怀疑某人是……
①Never employ the man you suspect, nor suspect the man you employ.
[谚语]疑人不用，用人不疑。
②I suspect him to be a pickpocket.
＝I suspect that_he_is_a_pickpocket.
我怀疑他是个扒手。
③What made you suspect her of having taken the money?
你凭什么怀疑钱是她偷的？
[名师点津]　与suspect相关的单词有：
①criminal罪犯　　　　　 ②murderer杀人犯
③robber劫匪；强盗 ④kidnapper 绑匪
⑤thief小偷
10．(教材P2)It seemed that the water was to blame.
看来水是罪魁祸首。
?blame
(1)vt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于
be to blame (for sth.)　　 (对坏事)负有责任；(因某事)应受责备
blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而责备某人
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎到某人身上
①Whenever he didn't perform well in his studies, she would blame him bitterly, expressing her disappointment in him.(2013·湖北高考短文写作)
每当他在学习中做得不好时，她总会训斥他，表达对他的失望。
②Don't always blame your own failure on others. Sometimes you yourself are to_blame (blame)．
不要总把失败归咎于他人，有时该怪你自己。
(2)n.过失；责备
bear/take the blame (for sth.)　(对某事)承担责任
put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 将某事归咎于某人
③If that happens, the coach will take the blame for it.
如果发生那样的事，教练将对此负责。
④She put/laid the blame for the failure of their marriage on him.
她把婚姻的失败归咎于他。
11．(教材P3)In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.
在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中又发现了有力证据。
?link vt.&n.连接；联系
link ... to ...　　　 将……和……联系或连接起来
link up with 与……联合；使与……衔接
①A chain is no stronger than its weakest link.
[谚语]一环薄弱，全链易断。
②Fingerprints linked the suspect to the case.
指纹使嫌疑犯与案件联系起来。
③They went on to the next town, where they linked_up_with the other party.
他们继续赶路到了下一个城镇，在那里他们与其他的队伍会合。
12．(教材P3)With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.
有了这个额外的证据，约翰·斯诺就能够肯定地宣布，这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。
?announce vt.宣布；宣告(决定、计划等)；(尤指通过广播)通知
(1)announce sth.(to sb.)　 (向某人)宣布、通告某事
announce that ... 宣布……；通知……
It is/was announced that ... 据宣布……
(2)announcement n. 通知；通告
make an announcement 宣布；下通知
(3)announcer n. 广播员；播音员
①They officially announced the news to the reporters.
他们正式向记者发布了这条新闻。
②One day with a basket of vegetables, he announced_to_us_that he was going to cook a delicious dish.
一天他带着一篮子的蔬菜，向我们宣布他将烹饪一道佳肴。
③At the end of the meeting, it was_announced_that an agreement had been reached.
会议最后宣布已达成一项协议。
[语境串记]　
The announcer made an announcement that all the details should be announced through the broadcast.
广播员宣布所有的细节都应通过广播公布出来。
[名师点津]　动词announce后不跟双宾语，表示“向某人宣布某事”时应该说announce sth. to sb.或announce to sb. sth.。类似用法的单词还有：suggest, explain, report, say等。
13．(教材P3)The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.
供水公司得到指示，再也不能让人们接触被污染的水了。
?instruct vt.命令；指示；教导
(1)instruct sb. to do sth.　　　命令某人做某事
instruct sb. in (doing) sth. 指导某人(做)某事
(2)instructive adj.　　　指示性的；有教育意义的
instruction n. (常用复数形式)用法说明；操作指南；指示；命令；讲授
①The students need a teacher to instruct them to_paint (paint)．
＝The students need a teacher to instruct them in painting.
这些学生需要一位老师来指导他们绘画。
②Follow the instructions (instruct) on the packet carefully.
仔细按照包装上的说明操作。
1．Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.
人们既不知道它的病源，也不知道它的治疗方法。
(1)句中neither ... nor ...意为“既不……也不……”，可连接两个平行结构。
①This phenomenon is neither good nor bad; it is a fact of college life, today and in the past.(2015·北京高考)
这种现象既不是很好也不是很差；它就是现实中的大学生活，过去是这样，现在依然还是如此。
(2)neither ... nor ...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于与谓语最近的主语，即：就近原则。
②Neither my wife nor my parents were (be) able to persuade my daughter to change her mind and finally she joined in the game.
我妻子和我父母都没能说服我女儿改变主意，最终她参加了这个比赛。
[名师点津]　连接并列成分作主语，符合就近原则的还有：
either ... or ...　　　　　　　 或者……或者……
not ... but ... 不是……而是……
not only ... but (also) ... 不但……而且……
③Either you or one of your students is (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
要么是你或者你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。
④Not you but I am (be) to blame for the mistake.
不是你而是我该为此错误受到责备。
2．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
因此，每次爆发霍乱时就有成千上万惊恐的人死去。
(1)every time用作连词，意为“每次……”，引导时间状语从句。
①Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. (2015·北京高考)
每次光线以新的速度进入某一物体，就会发生折射和散射。
②Something is learned every time a book is opened.
[谚语]开卷有益。
(2)含有time的时间名词短语作连词的还有：each time(每次)，(the) next time(下次)，any time(随时)，(the) last time(上次)，the first time(第一次)。
③The_first_time he came to the city, he decided to settle there.
他第一次来到那个城市，他就决定在那里安家。
④You are welcome to come back any_time you want to.
你什么时候想回来，我们都欢迎。
3．In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days.
在两条特定的街上霍乱流行得很严重，以至于10天内就有500多人死亡。
(1)so ... that ...意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句，此结构中so为副词，后面跟形容词或副词。其结构为：
①Usually, it's so crowded on the bus that I can't find anywhere to sit.
通常，公交车上太拥挤了，我找不到坐的地方。
②There was so_much_work to do that everybody got bored.
有这么多的工作要做，人人都感到厌烦了。
(2)such ... that作“如此……以至于”解时，连接一个表示结果的状语从句。与so ... that意思相同，但用法不同。such后边要跟名词(这个名词前面可以带形容词，也可以不带)，such ... that的句型结构可分以下三种：
③He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him.
他进步得很快，老师们对他感到很满意。
④This is such an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it.
＝This is so_interesting_a_book that we all enjoy reading it.
这本书非常有趣，我们都喜欢看。
(3)当so或such位于句首时，主句应用部分倒装形式。
⑤So difficult is the article that I can hardly understand it.
这篇文章太难了，我几乎读不懂。
对应学生用书P11
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We discussed the problem many times, but still could come to no conclusion (conclude)．
2．Suspecting (suspect) the traveler of carrying drugs, the Customs official stopped him and went through his suitcase.
3．His son is very naughty and has formed some bad habits. I think he should cure him of them.
4．When linked (link) to the subway, the city will be easy to get access to.
5．It was_announced (announce) that our team took the first place.
6．I tried to follow the withstructions (instruct), but I got confused.
7．If exposed (expose) to very loud music every day, young people may risk going deaf.
8．Most little shops have been absorbed withto big businesses due to the influence of the global financial crisis.
9．They invited all their relatives to_attend (attend) their wedding.
10．They had_defeated (defeat) their enemies before they could get help.
Ⅱ.选词填空
neither ... nor ...， take up a challenge， so ... that ...， every time， be exposed to， put forward， be absorbed in， be blamed for
1．In the meeting, we put_forward some advice on how to improve our work.
2．Neither he nor his parents are going to travel this holiday for they are all busy.
3．The managing director was_blamed_for the accident, although it was not really his fault.
4．He was so absorbed_in his work that he didn't notice a visitor came in.
5．Are you going to take_up_a_challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing?
6．Every_time I call on her, she is always busy writing.
7．—Nowadays more and more people would like to live in the countrying
side.
—Yeah. You'd be_exposed_to a lot less pollution if you moved to a village with pure water and air.
8．Nowadays, shopping online is so popular that it has become a part of our life.
对应课时跟踪检测P99
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．With the teacher instructing (指导) them, the students have made great progress in English.
2．Children, when exposed (暴露) to an English-speaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily.
3．We are taking steps to prevent air from being polluted (污染)．
4．When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, absorbed (使专心) in conversation.
5．Mr. Wang is just one of the victims (受害者), from whose houses the thieves stole money and other valuables.
6．Blamed (责备) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.
7．One of the challenges (挑战) he has accepted is to swim across the river.
8．The army was well-trained and well-armed, and had little difficulty defeating (打败) the enemy.
9．The farmers in this area had a good harvest last year thanks to the scientific (科学的) farming.
10．He is good at handling (操纵) the huge calculating machine.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．When I said I ran faster than her, she challenged to me to a race. 去掉第一个to
2．Please announce students that the holidays will begin next Monday.announce后加to
3．Always read the instruction on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. instructions→instructions
4．He ran such quickly that we all couldn't catch up with him. so→so
5．Neither he nor his parents has seen the film. have→have
6．I felt nervous for the first time I spoke in public. 去掉for
7．Absorb in his experiment, Newton put his watch into the pot to cook it.
Absorbed→Absorbed
8．She suspected him with telling lies and never trusted him again. of→of
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．I drew_a_conclusion/concluded_from_the_facts_that he was hardworking.
从这些事实中我得出他是努力的这一结论。
2．Teachers should expose_the_students_to as many real life situations as possible.
老师们应该让学生尽可能多地接触真实的生活环境。
3．Facing_the_challenge,_he decided to have a trying.
面对挑战，他决定试一试。
4．He was_absorbed_in_writing a letter and didn't even notice his friends coming.
他在聚精会神地写信，他的朋友来了他都没注意到。
5．The spaceship will_link_up_with the space station this afternoon.
宇宙飞船将于今天下午和太空站对接。
6．Neither_you_nor_your_brother is to take charge of the project.
你和你弟弟都不能负责这项工程。
7．Every_time_I_ring_her,_the phone is busy.
我每次给她打电话，电话都占线。
8．It is so_challenging_a_job/such_a_challenging_job_that I can't finish it on my own.
这是一个如此具有挑战性的工作，我自己无法完成。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
John Snow, a well-known doctor in London, became 1.inspired (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people 2.exposed (expose) to cholera, a 3.deadly (die) disease of its day. Many thousands of people died 4.whenever there was an outbreak because no one knew the cause of it. John wanted to help solve the problem.
He got interested in two theories 5.explaining (explain) how cholera killed people. He believed in the second theory 6.that/which suggested that people 7.absorbed (absorb) the disease with their meals. In 1854, when another outbreak hit London, he was ready to test 8.the two theories.9.With the help of the map he made, he got a valuable clue about the cause of the disease and was able to announce that the water was 10.to_blame (blame)．“King Cholera” was finally defeated.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
上个月，我们社区发生了一系列(a series of)案件(case)。我们怀疑(suspect)有人从窗户或门口进入到房间。我们从中得出结论(draw a conclusion)应及时关窗锁门。除此之外，我们也提出(put forward)了一些有用的(practical)建议来改正(cure)我们的不良习惯。首先，外出时，不要将这一信息透露(expose)给任何人，其次，门卫应多加注意，最后(in conclusion)，大家都应为我们社区承担责任(take the blame for)。
A_series_of_cases_happened_in_our_community_last_month._We_suspected_someone_of_having_entered_the_room_through_windows_or_doors,_from_which_we_drew_a_conclusion_that_doors_and_windows_should_be_locked_in_time._Besides,_we_also_put_forward_several_practical_suggestions_to_cure_us_of_our_bad_habits._First,_you_should_not_expose_this_information_to_anyone_when_out._Second,_the_guards_should_pay_more_attention._In_conclusion,_everyone_should_take_the_blame_for_our_community.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
A successful scientist is generally a good observer. He makes full __1__ of the facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not __2__ on obvious facts, and therefore refuses to accept authority (权威) as the only __3__ for truth. He always __4__ ideas carefully and makes experiments to prove them.
The rise of __5__ science may perhaps be considered to __6__ as far back as the __7__ of Roger Bacon, the wonderful philosopher (哲学家) of Oxford, who lived __8__ the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the middle __9__ to suggest that we must learn science __10__ observing and experimenting on the things around us, and he himself __11__ many important discoveries.
Galileo，however，who lived about 300 years later (1564～1642), the greatest of several great men, __12__ lived in Italy, France, Germany, or England, began by __13__ to show how many important __14__ could be discovered by observation. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more __15__ towards the earth than small ones, __16__ Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the __17__ of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two __18__ iron balls and proved Aristotle was wrong. It was Galileo's __19__ of going direct to nature, and proving out __20__ and theories by experiment that has led to all the discoveries of modern science.
语篇解读：本文为一篇说明文。说明一个成功的科学家必须是一个好的观察者。其次还需具备一些素养。
1．A.use　　　　　　　 　　 B．time
C．speed D．trust
解析：选A　make full use of“充分利用……”。
2．A.worked B．based
C．lived D．written
解析：选B　be based on“以……为基础”。
3．A.reason B．cause
C．advice D．result
解析：选A　空格后的for暗示应选reason。the reason for ...“……的理由”；the cause of ...“……的起因”，两者皆为习惯搭配。
4．A.thinks B．checks
C．has D．learns
解析：选B　后文“做实验来证明这些想法”暗示应用check，意为“核实；核查”。
5．A.natural B．physical
C．ancient D．modern
解析：选D　the rise of modern science“现代科学的崛起”。根据下文Roger Bacon提出通过观察和实验来了解科学可知。本文最后一句中的modern science也是提示。
6．A.date B．keep
C．look D．take
解析：选A　此处date用作动词，构成date back短语，意为“追溯到……”。keep back“隐瞒；阻止”；look back“回顾”；take back“收回”。
7．A.study B．time
C．year D．birth
解析：选B　追溯到这位科学家所生活的时代。time此处意为“时代”。
8．A.both B．each
C．between D．among
解析：选C　between ... and ...“在……和……之间”。
9．A.schools B．ages
C．days D．countries
解析：选B　in the middle ages“在中世纪”。
10．A.in B．with
C．on D．by
解析：选D　by doing sth.“通过做某事”。by表示方法、手段，意为“靠……；用……”。
11．A.did B．made
C．took D．gave
解析：选B　make many important discoveries“做出许多重要的发现”。make a discovery(＝discover)“发现”。
12．A.who B．when
C．that D．where
解析：选A　who在此引导一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词several great men。
13．A.ways B．degrees
C．levels D．chance
解析：选B　by degrees“逐渐地；渐渐地”；by chance“偶然”。承接上文应选B项。
14．A.truths B．problems
C．people D．subjects
解析：选A　根据词义及语境可知选truths，表示“真理”。
15．A.slowly B．rapidly
C．lightly D．heavily
解析：选B　以前人们认为大物体下落的速度要比小物体下落得快，故选rapidly“快速地”。
16．A.although B．because
C．when D．if
解析：选B　“因为”这是科学界权威人士亚里士多德说的。
17．A.place B．foot
C．top D．ceiling
解析：选C　伽利略来到比萨斜塔的“顶端”抛下两个铁球。
18．A.big B．small
C．equal D．unequal
解析：选D　为了证明不同大小的物体下落的速度不相同的观点是错误的，伽利略在塔顶丢下两个重量“不同”的铁球。
19．A.spirit B．skill
C．theory D．discovery
解析：选A　是伽利略这种直接探究自然界本质、通过实验证明观点和理论的“精神”引导现代科学所有科学发现的产生。
20．A.plans B．opinions
C．world D．ability
解析：选B　通过实验来证明“观点”和理论。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Dear Tom，
In your last e-mail you said our French teacher is too strict and you hate her. In my opinion, you should be happy to have such teacher.
My former foreigner language teacher was strict, too. We study hard day and night trying
to achieve positive results. Back then many of us hated her, too. So today I no longer hate her. Instead of I'm very grateful to her. I'm great thankful for everything she had done for me. Now I can use this language freely and communicate with people from English-speaking countrying. One day, you would find that you are lucky to have a strict teacher.
Yours，
Lisa
答案：your→your
第二句：such后加a
第三句：foreign→foreign
第四句：study→studied; try→trying
第六句：So→But
第七句：去掉of
第八句：greatly→greatly
第九句：country→countries
第十句：would→will
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U1【C】含答案
对应学生用书P12
?语法图解
?探究发现
①But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
②So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
③He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.
④From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.
⑤He was determined to find out why.
⑥He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
⑦He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.
⑧With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.
[我的发现]
(1)例句①②④⑥⑦⑧中的过去分词(短语)作定语。
(2)例句②④⑦⑧中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的前面；例句①⑥中过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的后面。
(3)例句③⑤中的过去分词在句中作表语。
一、过去分词作定语
1．过去分词作定语时的位置
(1)前置定语
一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
The polluted water was to blame for the spread of cholera.
被污染的水造成了霍乱的传播。
The recovered animals will be released soon.
痊愈的动物会很快被释放。
[名师点津]　①有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的)，given(所给的)，concerned(有关的)等。
There are few tigers left. It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out.
剩余的老虎不多了，是相关当局采取措施保护它们免遭灭绝的时候了。
②如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个分词放在被修饰词的后面。
Is there anything unsolved?
还有什么没解决的吗？
(2)后置定语
过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。
Last Tuesday in a mountainous area, there were a total of 173 sheep killed almost immediately (＝which were killed almost immediately) when lightning struck.
上周二在一个山区，当雷击发生时有173只羊即刻被雷电击死。
[即时演练1]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2015·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers.
②The witnesses questioned (question) by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.
(2)同义句转换
①He is a teacher loved by his students.
→He is a teacher who_is_loved_by_his_students.
②The girl, who was brought up by her uncle, has begun to work now.
→The girl, brought_up_by_her_uncle,_has begun to work now.
2．过去分词作定语时的意义
(1)及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成，有时也不表示时间性。
Trucks and buses were driven on gas carried in large bags on the roof. (表被动)
卡车与公共汽车皆烧煤气，煤气装在车顶上的大袋中。
The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon. (表被动和完成)
会上提出的计划将很快被执行。
(2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语，它不表示被动意义，只强调动作完成。
Our retired soccer coach went to watch us play a game last week.
上周我们已退休的足球教练去看我们打了一场比赛。
The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.
早上已升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀。
[即时演练2]　选择填空
过去分词作定语有三种情况：
A．只表被动　B．只表完成　C．既表被动又表完成
请判断下列句子中加黑部分属于哪种情况
①America is a developed countrying.__B__
②I found it hard to understand the English spoken by the native villagers.__A__
③Is there anything planned for the weekend？__C__
3．过去分词与现在分词作定语的区别
　　意义
形式　　
语态
时态
过去分词
被动
完成
现在分词
主动
进行
As we all know, China is a developing countrying.
众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。
The visitor came from a developed countrying.
这位游客来自于一个发达国家。
[即时演练3]　用分词作定语补全句子
①Even though it is still in summer, there_are_many_fallen_leaves on the ground.
即使仍是夏天，地上有很多的落叶。
②Nowadays there are a lot of man-made satellites flying_in_space.
如今在太空中有许许多多人造卫星在飞行。
4．过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别
意义
形式　　　
语态
时态
done
被动
完成
being done
被动
进行
to be done
被动
尚未发生
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。
[即时演练4]　用所给词的适当形式填空
①The cars being_sold (sell) at the market now are made in Guangzhou.
②Tsinghua University, founded (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
③(2014·北京高考改编)There are still many problems to_be_solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.
二、过去分词作表语
1．过去分词作表语的用法
过去分词可放在连系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, look, become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。
He looked worried after reading the letter.
看完信后，他显得很忧虑。
When we heard of it, we were deeply moved.
当我们听到这件事时，被深深地感动了。
[即时演练5]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2014·广东高考语法填空)We got a little sunburned/sunburnt_ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.
②(2014·安徽高考改编)While waiting for the opportunity to get promoted (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty.
(2)补全句子
①Why do you always look_tired?
你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？
②I was_disappointed at the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.
我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。
2．过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。
The cup is broken.
杯子破了。(系表结构)
The cup was broken by Tom.
杯子是汤姆打破的。(被动语态)
[即时演练6]　对比翻译
①这本书写得很好。
The_book_is_well_written.
②这本书是他去年写的。
The_book_was_written_by_him_last_year.
3．感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。
常用的这类词有：
　
We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.
我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。
His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged.
他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
[即时演练7]　用所给词的适当形式填空
①The frightened look on her face suggested that she was frightened by the frightening scene.(frighten)
②The news was exciting and they were all excited at it.(excite)
③We all felt encouraged at the encouraging news.(encourage)
④The audience were all moved to tears by the moving film.(move)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2015·北京高考改编) The park was full of people, enjoying (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
2．(2014·浙江高考改编)Amie Salmon, disabled, is attended throughout her school days by a nurse appointed (appoint) to guard her.
3．(2014·重庆高考改编)The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras returned (return) to our shop for quality problems.
4．(2014·新课标全国卷Ⅱ语法填空)There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and disappointed (disappoint).
5．(2014·福建高考改编)For those with family members far away, the personal computer and the phone are important in staying connected (connect).
6．(2013·湖南高考改编)You cannot accept an opinion offered (offer) to you unless it is based on facts.
7．If you get lost (lose) in a strange place, you'd better not move and wait for help there.
8．The puzzled expression on his face showed that the question was puzzling.(puzzle)
9．The student likes reading stories written (write) by Mark Twain.
10．Many used (use) computers will be sold in this market.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．(2015·福建高考书面表达)The moral of the story is: spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never_get_discouraged_easily no matter how difficult the situation may be.
故事的寓意是：尽最大努力获取知识，不管情况多么艰难，都不要轻易失去信心。
2．(2015·北京高考书面表达)If_you_are_interested_in_it,_let me know and I'll send you more information.
如果你对此感兴趣，请告知我，我会给你发送更多信息。
3．(2014·湖南高考书面表达)So excited_was_I that I couldn't wait to trying
wearing them.
我太激动了，迫不及待地想穿上它们。
4．(2014·陕西高考书面表达)We are/feel_honoured to have you here in the middle of our English Week Activities.
您能来参加我们的英语周活动，我们深感荣幸。
5．Many of the traffic accidents caused_by_drunk_driving have brought about traffic jams, injuries and even death.
许多醉酒驾驶引起的交通事故已经造成了交通堵塞、受伤甚至死亡。
6．With reference to your_advertised_position,_I have the pleasure to say that I am the just person you are asking for.
关于您做广告的职位，我很高兴地说，我就是那个您要找的人。
7．As for the phenomenon mentioned_above,_some people support it while others do not.
关于上文提到的现象，有些人支持，而有些人反对。
8．The players selected_from_the_whole_countrying
are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
人们期待这些选自全国的运动员在夏季比赛中能给我们带来荣耀。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A motto is a sentence or a phrase 1 can inspire us especially when we are 2
(face) with difficulties. Many of us have mottoes, such as“Where there is a will, there is a way.” or “Nothing is difficult if you put your heart intoit.”and so on. My motto is “God helps those who help 3 .” Sometimes I am lazy and don’t want to make efforts 4
(work) hard， 5 the moment I think of my motto I will get energetic again and devote myself 6 what I am doing. I write my motto 7 I can see it easily. Every time I fail in my exam and begin to lose heart, my motto inspires me with much 8 (confident). My motto also makes me become 9 independent person. That is to say, I won’t rely on others easily. My friends, what is your motto? If you still haven’t got a motto, please choose one because a motto can have a great effect 10 you.
答案：1.that/which2.faced3.themselves4.to work5.but6.to7.where
8.confidence 9.an 10.on
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U1【D】含答案
对应学生用书P15
[原文呈现]
COPERNICUS' REVOLUTIONARY① THEORY
Nicolaus Copernicus② was frightened and his mind was confused③. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to④ the same conclusion that the earth was not the centre of the solar system⑤. Only if you put the sun there did⑥ the movements⑦ of the other planets in the sky make sense⑧. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church⑨ would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had made the world and for that reason⑩ the earth was special and must be the centre of the solar system.
[读文清障]
①revolutionary [?rev?'lu???n?rI]adj.革命的；重大变革的
②Nicolaus Copernicus ['nIk?l?s k??'p??nIk?s] 尼古拉·哥白尼(波兰天文学家)
③confused adj.困惑的；烦恼的
④lead to通向；导致
⑤the solar system太阳系
⑥only后接if引导的状语从句，主句使用部分倒装。
⑦movement['mu?vm?nt]n．移动；运动；动作
⑧make sense讲得通；有意义
⑨Christian Church基督教教会
⑩reason n. [C，U] 原因；情理
哥白尼的革命性理论
[第1段译文]
尼古拉·哥白尼很恐惧，他的思绪很乱。虽然他尝试着不去理睬那些数字，然而，他的所有的数学计算都得出同样一个结论：地球不是太阳系的中心。只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。然而他并不能向任何人讲述他的理论，因为即使他只暗示有这种想法，他都会受到强大的基督教教会势力的惩罚。他们认为上帝创造了世界，正是由于这个原因，地球才是特殊的，而且一定是太阳系的中心。
The problem arose? because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward? and then go forward in a loop?. Others appeared brighter at times? and less bright at others?. This was very strange if? the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round? it.
Copernicus had thought long and hard? about these problems and tried to find an answer. He had collected observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do? that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on? it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete.
?arise vi. (arose, arisen)出现；发生；产生
?backward['b?kw?d]adv.&adj.向后地(的)；相反地(的)；退步地(的), move backward向后移动
?in a loop呈环状
?at times有时；不时
?at others＝at (other) times在其他时间
?if引导条件状语从句。
?go round＝go around＝circle围绕……旋转
?long and hard良久而又苦苦地
?do指代上文的explain。
?work on从事；研究
现在分词短语improving ...作伴随状语。
until he felt it was complete为时间状语从句。
[第2～3段译文]
问题的出现是因为天文学家已经注意到天空中的有些行星看似静止，有些向相反的方向运行，有些在作圆周运动。有时一些行星会显得比其他的行星更耀眼，而有些却显得比其他的暗。如果说地球是太阳系的中心并且所有行星都围绕着地球转的话，这些现象就非常奇怪了。,哥白尼努力地思考这些问题很长时间了，试图找到一个答案。他已经收集了那些星星的观察数据，并利用他全部的数学知识来解释它们。但只有他的新学说才能够做到这一点。因此，在1510年到1514年之间，他一直致力于对此进行研究，渐渐地改进他的学说直到他感觉已经完善为止。
In 1514 he showed it privately to his friends. The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas， but Copernicus was cautious. He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543.,privately ['praIvItlI]adv.私下地；秘密地
fixed adj.固定的；不动的
with the planets going round ... earth为with复合结构，作方式状语。
spin[spIn]vi.&vt. (spun, spun)(使)旋转；纺(线或纱)
brightness ['braItnIs]n．明亮；亮度；聪颖
enthusiastic[In?θju?zI'?stIk]adj.热情的；热心的
encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人去做某事
cautious['k????s]adj.小心的；谨慎的
so连接并列分句，表示因果关系。
as至句末为时间状语从句。
lie vi. (lay, lain)躺
第4段译文]
1514年，哥白尼私下里给他的朋友们看了他的新理论。他对旧理论所做的改动是革命性的。他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动，只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。他还认为，地球在围绕太阳运转的同时也在自转，这就解释了行星运行和星体亮度上的变化。他的朋友都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于世，而哥白尼却小心谨慎。他不想遭到基督教教会的攻击，所以他直到1543年临终之前才公布了这一观点。
Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus' theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell to earth because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. Copernicus showed this was obviously wrong.Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking.
reject[rI'd?ekt]vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃
现在分词短语saying it was against God's idea ...作方式状语。saying后跟两个宾语从句，其中第二个宾语从句中含有who引导的定语从句who supported it，修饰people。
be against反对；违背
be for支持；赞同
basis n. [C]基础
on which all our ideas ...为定语从句，修饰the basis。
universe['ju?nIv??s]n．宇宙；世界
replace vt.取代
which引导定语从句，修饰先行词gravity。
create vt.创造；产生；制造
[第5段译文]
当然他小心是正确的。 基督教教会拒绝接受他的理论，说这种理论违背了上帝的旨意，而任何支持这种理论的人都将受到打击。然而现在哥白尼的理论却是我们的宇宙观建立的基础。他的理论还取代了基督教教会对地球引力的看法，他们认为物体掉到地球上是因为上帝把地球设定为宇宙的中心。哥白尼证明这显然是错误的。今天人们可以看到他的理论和艾萨克·牛顿、阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦、斯蒂芬·霍金的研究工作有着直接联系。
Step 1　Read the text and answer the following questions.
1．How many scientists are mentioned in this passage? Who are they?
Four_scientists._Nicolaus_Copernicus,_Isaac_Newton,_Albert_Einstein_and_Stephen_
Hawking.
2．What's the main idea of the passage?
The passage mainly tells us about Copernicus'_revolutionary_theory_and_his_
contribution_to_the_field_of_astronomy.
Step 2　Choose the best answers according to the text.
1．What made Copernicus frightened and confused?
A．The fact that the earth was the centre of the solar system.
B．The conclusion that the sun was the centre of the solar system.
C．The fact that the earth goes around the sun.
D．The fact that God made the world.
2．Why didn't Copernicus publish his theory immediately?
A．Because he didn't think it was complete.
B．Because he was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Church.
C．Because his friends forbade him to do so.
D．Because no one supported his ideas.
3．When did Copernicus publish his theory?
A．After his death.
B．Before he told his friends about it.
C．As he lay dying in 1543.
D．His theory was never published.
4．All the following statements make it strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system EXCEPT that ________.
A．some planets in the sky seemed to stop or move backward
B．some planets in the sky appeared brighter at times and less bright at others
C．some planets in the sky seemed to go forward in a loop
D．the sun goes around the earth
5．What's the Christian Church's attitude towards Copernicus' theory?
A．The Christian Church objected to his theory.
B．The Christian Church was in favour of his theory.
C．The Christian Church paid much attention to his theory.
D．The Christian Church thought highly of his theory.
答案：1～5　BBCDA
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.chartn．　　　　　 图表
2.positiveadj. 积极的；肯定的；确实的
3.backwardadv.&adj. 向后地(的)；相反地(的)；
退步地(的)
4.spinvi.&vt. (使)旋转；纺(线或纱)
5.universen. 宇宙；世界
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1. constructvt．建设；修建→constructionn．建设；建筑物
2.contribute vt．&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助→contribution n．贡献；捐款
3.movementn．移动；运动；动作→move v．移动；搬动
4.enthusiasticadj．热情的；热心的→enthusiasm n．热情；热心
5.cautiousadj．小心的；谨慎的→caution n．小心；谨慎
6.reject vt．拒绝；不接受；抛弃→rejection n．拒绝；拒绝接受；厌弃
1.“图表”表达法小结
①chart图表　　②pie chart饼状图
③graph曲线图 ④table表格
⑤picture图画 ⑥cartoon卡通画；漫画
2.“-ward(s)”后缀词荟萃
①backward adv.&adj.向后地(的)
②afterwards adv.后来 ③downward adv.向下
④eastwards adv.向东 ⑤upward(s) adv.向上；往上
⑥northwards adv.向北 ⑦outward(s) adv.向外
⑧forward adv.将来；今后；向前；前进
3.A－B－B型不规则动词一览
①spun→spun→spun (使)旋转
②dug→dug→dug 挖
③stuck→stuck→stuck 钉住；刺
④struck→struck→struck 打；击
⑤stung→stung→stung 刺；叮
4.“态度词”集锦
①positive积极的 ②negative消极的
③objective客观的 ④doubtful怀疑的
⑤approving满意的
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.apart_from　　　　　除……之外；此外
2．(be)_strict_with_...对……严格的
3．make_sense讲得通；有意义
4．lead_to通向；导致
5．come_to_an_end结束
6．at_times有时
7．make_room_for为……腾地方
8．be_responsible_for对……负责
1.do scientific job　　　　科学工作
2．work experience 工作经验
3．develop a severe illness 得了一种严重的疾病
4．the fireworks display 火表演
5．the centre of the solar system太阳系的中心
6．for that reason 由于那个原因
7．go around the earth 围着地球转
8．on the basis 基于……
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.I had expected it to be better.
我本期望会更好。
expect使用过去完成时，表示“本期望……”。
I had_expected_the_weather_to_be
better,_but it turned out to be worse.
我本期望着天气会变得好些，结果却变得更糟糕。
2.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
“only＋状语(从句)”位于句首时后面的主句需用部分倒装。
Only when we had studied the data again did_we_realize that there was a mistake.
只有当我们再次研究了这些数据的时候，我们才意识到出了一个错。
3.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it ...
他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动……
with的复合结构在句中作状语。
With the little boy leading_the_way,_we found the house easily.
由于小男孩带路，我们很容易找到了这所房子。
1．(教材P4)Look at these simple verbs and make another construction using make＋a＋noun.
看这些简单动词并用“make＋a＋noun”构成另一个结构。
?construction n．[U]建设；[C]建筑物
construct vt.　　　　　　　　　　建设；修建
(be) under construction＝(be) being constructed
正在建设中
①They are planning to construct a new supermarket.
他们正在计划建造一个新的超市。
②The new airport under construction lies in the east of the city.
＝The new airport being_constructed (construct) lies in the east of the city.
正在修建的新机场位于该市的东部。
2．contribute vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助
(1)contribute to　　　　　　 有助于；促使；导致
contribute ... to ... 向……捐献/捐赠……
(2)contribution n. 贡献；捐款
make a contribution/contributions to (doing) sth.
对……作出贡献
①Finally, some good English study websites contribute a lot to my improvement in English.(2012·山东高考写作)
最后，一些好的英语学习网站也对我的英语提高起了很大作用。
②Everyone is willing to contribute food and clothes to the homeless people.
每个人都愿意为无家可归的人捐献食物和衣服。
③Participating in the contest will be a golden chance for me to show my dancing skills and make some contributions (contribute) to the class.
参加比赛对我来说是一次难得的展示我的舞蹈才能的好机会，并对班级作出贡献。
[名师点津]　表示“引起；导致；有助于”的词语还有cause, lead to, result in等。
3．(教材P4)Apart from the construction mentioned above, you have also learned the following phrases.
除了以上提到的结构，你也学过下面的词组。
?apart from除……之外；此外
①Apart from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.
游泳，除了有趣和锻炼身体之外，还是一项很有用的技能。
②Apart from them, I had no one to talk to.
除他们之外，我找不到说话的人。
③Apart_from_some_spelling_mistakes,_the composition is fairly good.
除了一些拼写错误，这篇文章写得很不错。
[辨析比较]　apart from, besides, except, except for
apart from
既可以表示besides的含义，也可以表示except或except for的含义
besides
“除了……之外还有……”，除去的东西包括在范围内，相当于in addition to/as well as
except
“除了……之外”，指从同类的人或物中排除
except for
表示从整体情况来看，要排除其中的部分特殊情况
用besides, except或except for代替下列句中的apart from
④Will there be anyone else we know at the party apart from Will and Janet？besides
⑤You can have any one of the cakes apart from this one.except
⑥The road was empty apart from a few cars.except_for
4．(教材P7)Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
?make sense讲得通；有意义
make no sense　　　　　　 没道理；没意义
make sense of 理解；弄懂
in a sense 从某种意义上来说
in no sense 决不；决非(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
①This sentence he has made doesn't make sense.
＝This sentence he has made makes_no_sense.
他造的这个句子没有意义。
②What she says is true with a sense.
从某种意义上讲，她所说的是正确的。
③In no sense should_you_lose_heart;_keep trying
ing and you will make it sooner or later.
你决不应该灰心丧气。继续努力，你迟早会成功的。
5．(教材P7)His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious.
他的朋友都热情地鼓励他把他的想法公之于世，而哥白尼却小心谨慎。
?enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的
(1)be enthusiastic about　　　　　 非常喜欢……
be enthusiastic to do sth. 非常喜欢做某事
(2)enthusiasm n. 热情；热心
enthusiastically adv. 热情地；热心地
①David is very enthusiastic about the project.
大卫对这次计划很热心。
②She's very enthusiastic to_read (read) the novels written by Mo Yan.
她非常喜欢读莫言的小说。
③Although she's a beginner, she played with great enthusiasm (enthusiastic)．
虽然她是个新手，但演奏时却充满了激情。
?cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的；细心的
(1)be cautious of/about (doing) sth.　 谨防/谨慎……
(2)caution n. 细心；谨慎
with caution＝cautiously adv. 仔细地；谨慎地
①He is usually cautious about his work.
他通常对他的工作持谨慎态度。
②You should cross a busy street with caution.
＝You should cross a busy street cautiously (cautious)．
穿过一条繁忙的马路时要小心谨慎。
6．(教材P7)The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacked.
基督教教会拒绝接受他的理论，说这种理论违背了上帝的旨意，而任何支持这一理论的人都将受到打击。
?rejectvt.拒绝(雇用、录取等)；不接受(提议、建议等)；抛弃；(因质量不好而)废弃
写出下列句中reject的含义
①They rejected his application for membership.拒绝
②It is hard for me to reject religious beliefs.抛弃
③He rejected the suggestions his friends had given.不接受
[辨析比较]　reject, refuse
reject
常用于正式场合，后面常接名词，不接不定式
refuse
普通用词，后接双宾语、名词或不定式，不接不定式的复合宾语和宾语从句
④He kept silent and refused to answer my question.
⑤I have been rejected by all the universities I applied to.
1．Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。
only放在句首修饰状语(通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等)时，句子需要部分倒装，即把助动词、情态动词或系动词be放在主语之前。
①Only if you take more exercise will you be able to keep fit.
只有多锻炼，你才能保持身体健康。
②Only_recently_have_I had time to read the book.
直到最近我才有时间读这本书。
③Only_in_this_way_can_we_live_in more comfortable and beautiful surroundings.
(2012·福建高考书面表达)
只有用这种方式我们才能生活在更舒服、更美丽的环境中。
[名师点津]　如果only修饰的不是状语，即使放在句首主句也不倒装。
④Only those who accept this reality can lead a really full life.
只有那些接受这个现实的人才能过上真正丰富的生活。
2．He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it ...
他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心，别的行星都围绕太阳转动……
with the planets going round it 是“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，在句中作状语，表示原因、条件、伴随等。此外，此结构还可作后置定语。
①With the meal over, we all went home.
吃完饭后，我们都回家了。
②With a lot of difficult problems to_settle (settle), the new manager works far into the night every day.
由于有很多难题要解决，新经理每天工作到深夜。
③With his mother helping (help) him, he is getting along well with his work.
在妈妈的帮助下，他的工作进展良好。
④With the key lost (lose), he had to wait for his mother outside the door.
钥匙丢了，他不得不在门外等妈妈。
对应学生用书P20
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Mary was_rejected (reject) by the company she applied to last year.
2．Apart from its low price, the advantage of this car lies in its good quality.
3．He has made an important contribution (contribute) to the company's success.
4．We explained our plans and he was very enthusiastic (enthusiasm) about them.
5．I've always been very cautious about/of giving my address and telephone number to strangers.
6．With a lot of homework to_finish (finish), I can't go skating with you.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．We contributed_a_lot_of_money_to the earthquake fund last year.
去年我们向地震基金会捐赠了很多钱。
2．Can you make_sense_of what the foreigner said just now?
你能理解这位外国人刚才说的话吗？
3．Only_if_you_study_hard_will_you pass the final examination.
只有努力学习，你才能通过期末考试。
4．He lay on the grass with his_eyes_looking_at_the_sky.
他躺在草地上，眼望天空。
5．All the staff are_enthusiastic_about the project which will benefit them greatly.
所有员工都很热衷于这个会给他们带来巨大利益的项目。
6．The new suspension bridge designed by the famous architect is under_construction/being_constructed now.
这位著名的建筑师设计的新悬浮桥正在建设之中。
对应课时跟踪检测P101
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．These are the people that have contributed (贡献) more to the development of the Internet.
2．He finished the work in a positive (积极的) way.
3．Be cautious (小心) when climbing the mountain.
4．He was rejected (拒绝) by all the employers and he felt quite upset.
5．His grandmother used to make a living by spinning (纺) thread.
6．He walked backward (向后) before turning and ran away.
7．Constructing (建造) the new building cost him great money and energy.
8．A cautious (谨慎的) driver never drives his car too fast.
9．The trade union movement (运动) is concerned with working conditions.
10．As can be seen from the chart (图表), more and more people own mobile phones in China now.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Getting up early will contribute to improve your health.improving→improving
2．Read this and tell me if it makes a sense.去掉a
3．I expected to see Lang Lang at the concert but he did not turn up.I后加had
4．With all the work finish, they hurried back home for lunch.finished→finished
5．The bridge under the construction will be open to public next year.去掉the
6．He was very strict in himself when he was young.with→with
7．Apart his nose, he is good-looking.Apart后加from
8．He said that he had rejected by his ideal university.had后加been
Ⅲ.选词填空
reject， with， contribute ... to ...， with caution， only if， make sense， be strict with， under construction， apart from， be enthusiastic about
1．Apart_from their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.
2．If you are a teacher, you should be_strict_with every student.
3．Most of the factories under_construction have been designed by Chinese engineers.
4．Though too old to work much, the retired worker is_enthusiastic_about neighborhood affairs.
5．He thought he would be_rejected from the factory because of poor health.
6．My father contributed a lot of books to the Hope Project.
7．Only_if I get a job will I have enough money to go to school.
8．We live in a house with many flowers around it.
9．It makes_sense to take care of your health, for it is the most important.
10．The old man stepped down the stairs with_caution.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．To her, money spent (spend) is more than money earned (earn)．
2．Once the fall comes, there will be many fallen (fall) leaves in the wood.
3．Absorbed (absorb) in his study, Tom simply forgot food and sleep.
4．He is a pleasant fellow to_work (work) with.
5.Everyone present was amused (amuse) at the story told (tell) by the young man.
6.They looked disappointed (disappoint) on hearing the result of the game.
7.We all became withspired by his withspiring life story.(inspire)
8．Regular air traffic links the city to the rest of the countrying.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．He concluded_his_speech_with a famous saying: where there is a will, there is a way.
他以一句名言“有志者，事竟成”结束他的演讲。
2．The reason why_he_did_not_attend_the_meeting yesterday was that he was ill.
昨天他没有参加会议的原因是他生病了。
3．The student has_been_exposed_to_English for some six years.
这个学生接触英语六年左右了。
4．I hope the doctor can cure_me_of_my_disease.
我希望医生能治好我的病。
5．He is too young, so to deal with the problem is_a_real_challenge_for_him.
他太年轻了，因此处理这个问题对他来说是一项真正的挑战。
6．No one knows who is_to_blame_for the fire.
没人知道谁该为火灾负责任。
7．It_was_announced_that the Prime Minister would speak on television that evening.
据通告，首相将于当晚发表电视讲话。
8．There is no doubt that neither_computers_nor_robots can take the place of human beings completely.
毫无疑问电脑和机器人都不能完全代替人类。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Inventor, physicist, surveyor, astronomer, biologist, artist ... Robert Hooke was all these and more. Some say he was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century. In the course of his work, he cooperated with famous men of science like Isaac Newton, and the great architect, Christopher Wren.
Hooke's early education began at home, under the guidance of his father. He entered Westminster School at the age of 13, and from there went to Oxford, where he came in contact with some of the best scientists in England. Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments. In 1662, at the age of 28, he was named Curator of Experiments at the newly formed Royal Society of London — meaning that he was responsible for demonstrating (展示) new experiments at the society's weekly meeting. Hooke accepted the job, even though he knew that the society had no money to pay him!
Watching living things through a microscope (显微镜) was one of his favourite pastimes (消遣). He invented a compound microscope for this purpose. One day while observing a cork (软木塞) under a microscope, he saw honeycomb-like structures. There were cells — the smallest units of life. In fact, it was Hooke who invented the term “cell” as the box-like cells of the cork reminded him of the cells of a monastery (修道院)．
Another achievement of Hooke's was his book Micrographia, which introduced the enormous potential (潜力) of the microscope. It contains fascinating drawings of the thing he saw under the microscope. The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and combustion (燃烧) that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena (现象)．
Hooke made a valuable contribution to astronomy too. A crater (火山口) on the moon is named after him in honour of his services to this branch of science.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了罗伯特·胡克的生平和成就。
1．We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Hooke is ________.
A．friendly　　　　　　　　　 B．sociable
C．creative D．helpful
解析：选C　推理判断题。由第二段中的“Hooke impressed them with his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments.”可知Hooke很有“创造力”，故C项正确。
2．Which is the possible reason why Hooke accepted the job as Curator of Experiments?
A．He liked designing experiments.
B．His family needed his support.
C．He wanted to please the famous scientists in England.
D．His parents couldn't afford his education.
解析：选A　推理判断题。第二段中提到“... his skills at designing experiments and inventing instruments.”，说明他喜欢并擅长设计实验，所以即使这份工作没有报酬，他也接受了。
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A．Hooke went to Oxford in 1645.
B．Hooke was well paid in the Royal Society of London.
C．Hooke made a contribution to medicine.
D．Hooke's book Micrographia may have helped Newton.
解析：选D　细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段最后一句话“The book also includes, among other things, ideas on gravity, light and combustion (燃烧) that may have helped scientists like Newton when they were developing their own theories on these phenomena (现象)．”可知D项正确。
4．The last paragraph is to prove that ________.
A．Hooke was the greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century
B．Hooke was good at making discoveries
C．Hooke's contributions were not limited to one field
D．Hooke was one of the greatest astronomers
解析：选C　推理判断题。文章第三段提到Hooke发明了复合显微镜，观察到了细胞，倒数第二段提到他写的书对牛顿等科学家有很大的帮助，最后一段又提到他在天文学方面也作出了重大的贡献，由此可推知他的贡献不仅仅是在一个领域，故C项正确。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Many people travel during the holiday season but do not make sure that their houses and homes __1__ (protect). Crime goes up __2__ (rapid) during the winter and summer holiday seasons. Here are some things that you should keep in mind when you go on a holiday.
Always give __3__ (strange) the feeling that you are at home. Have the snow __4__ (clean) off your stairs or out of your driveway during the winter season. You might ask someone to park __5__ car in your driveway.
Tell your newspaper deliverer that you are not at home. __6__ (have) a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps tells people that you are not at home, so you could also have a neighbor __7__ a relative get your mail every day.
Fix a timer in some of your rooms __8__ turns lights on and __9__ during different time of the day. Some TVs also come with a timer that you could set to be turned on during certain time. Have motion (运动) sensitive lights outside your house that __10__ (keep) thieves away when you are not at home.
语篇解读：本文介绍了外出度假时防贼入室的几种方法。
1．are protected　根据空格前的“travel”和“do not”可知，此处应使用一般现在时；因从句谓语动词protect与主语“their houses and homes”构成动宾关系，所以使用被动语态。
2．rapidly　此处为副词作状语，修饰动词短语“goes up”。
3．strangers　此处为give后的直接宾语，因此应用名词，又因此处应为泛指意义，故应用复数名词，所以填strangers。
4．cleaned　此处为have的复合结构，因为clean与the snow构成动宾关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。
5．his/her　因指代前文中的someone，并在此处作car的定语，所以填入形容词性物主代词his或her。
6．Having　此处是用动名词短语“Having a pile of newspapers and other mail on your doorsteps”作主语。
7．or　此处表示选择关系，因此填并列连词or。
8．that/which　此处为定语从句，修饰先行词a timer，因关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以可填that或which。
9．off　根据语境及空前的“on and”可知，此处用off，表示关灯。
10．keep　定语从句的先行词为sensitive lights，且定语从句中谓语动词的数应和先行
词一致，应用keep。
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U1【E】含答案
对应学生用书P21
劝说信是指以信件的形式表达自己的观点或立场，并期待对方认同或接受。
一、基本结构
第一部分：引入。写信人首先需要简要说明写信的主要目的。如果需要的话，也可以大致作一下自我介绍。
第二部分：阐述。这是说服性信函的主体和核心部分。写信人需要在这个部分有条理地列出自己的理由。理由要客观、真实、有说服力，要重点突出、层次分明。同时，要注意适当提高语言的力度，发挥语言的功力，以便更好地展现自己的立场。
第三部分：总结。可以用生动的语言重申自己的核心观点，或以情动人、引起共鸣，或升华延伸、画龙点睛。这部分应该注意语言的简练和冲击力，切忌冗杂拖拉的表达。
二、增分佳句
(一)劝说信开头常用句式——引入观点
1．Now it is commonly held that ... They think ... But I doubt whether ...
2．These days we are often told that ... But is this really the case ...
3．Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ..., but I conceive it differently.
4．Currently there is a widespread concern that ...
5．Now people in growing numbers are coming to realise that ...
(二)劝说信主体常用句式——阐述理由
1．The reason for ... is that ...
2．The reasons for ... are as follows. First, ... Second, ... Last but not least, ...
3．On the one hand, ...; on the other hand, ...
4．We may take a common example to show ...
5．A recent study suggests/shows that ...
6．According to the statistics provided by ..., it can be seen that ...
7．There is good evidence to show that ...
8．No one can ignore the fact that ...
(三)劝说信结尾常用句式——总结
1．In short, ...
2．In conclusion, ...
3．As far as I'm concerned, ...
4．From what has been discussed above/Taking all these factors into consideration, we may safely arrive at/come to/reach the conclusion that ...
[题目要求]
假设你叫李华，请给Nicolaus Copernicus(尼古拉·哥白尼)写一封信劝说他出版自己的理论著作，这样可以让每个人都了解他的理论，从而推动科学的发展。
注意：可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus，
I am a student studying astronomy __________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为劝说信；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第二人称；
3．确定时态：主要使用一般将来时和一般现在时。
二、构思
第一部分，引入：说明写信的目的是劝说哥白尼出版他的新理论。
第二部分，阐述：
1．当前理论盛行的原因；
2．发表新理论的压力及原因。
第三部分，总结：重申自己让哥白尼发表新理论的观点。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．theory　　　　　　　　　 理论
2．publish 出版；发表
3．make_sense 讲得通
4．observe 观察
5．the_centre_of_universe 宇宙的中心
6．brightness 亮度
7．carry_out 进行
8．face_a_great_challenge 面临巨大的挑战
9．advance 进步
10．put_forward 提出
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1．目前的理论讲不通。(主谓结构)
The_present_theory_doesn't_make_sense/makes_no_sense.
2．如果地球是宇宙的中心，行星的运动方式就不是您所观察的那样。(if引导的状语从句；定语从句；what引导的表语从句)
The_way_the_planets_move_is_not_what_you_have_observed_if_the_earth_is_the_centre_of_the_universe.
3．某些恒星的亮度似乎在改变，这也很奇怪。(It is also strange that ...; seem to do)
It_is_also_strange_that_the_brightness_of_some_stars_seems_to_change.
4．太阳是太阳系的中心。(主系表结构)
The_sun_is_the_centre_of_the_solar_system.
5．您的观察很严格地进行了多年。(现在完成时的被动语态)
Your_observations_have_been_very_carefully_carried_out_over_many_years.
6．如果发表您的新理论，您将面临着巨大的挑战。(主谓宾结构；if引导的状语从句)
You_will_face_a_great_challenge_if_you_publish_your_new_theory.
7．如果人们没有勇气提出自己的观点，科学就永远得不到进步。(if引导的状语从句)
Science_will_never_advance_if_people_don't_have_the_courage_to_put_forward_their_ideas.
8．别管人们怎么反对，时间将会证明您的观点是正确的。(no matter引导的状语从句；that引导的宾语从句)
No_matter_how_people_oppose_it,_time_will_prove_that_your_ideas_are_right.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用副词strangely作状语改写句3
Strangely,_the_brightness_of_some_stars_seems_to_change.
2．用“The challenge＋定语从句＋be＋表语”的形式改写句6
The_challenge_you_will_face_is_great_if_you_publish_your_new_theory.
3．用unless引导的状语从句改写句7
Science_will_never_advance_unless_people_have_the_courage_to_put_forward_their_ideas.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
Dear Nicolaus Copernicus，
I am a student studying astronomy and_I_am_dying_to_read_your_new_theory_about_
the_solar_system._I_hope_you_will_publish_it_for_several_reasons.
The_present_theory_doesn't_make_sense._On_the_one_hand,_the_way_the_planets_move_is_not_what_you_have_observed_if_the_earth_is_the_centre_of_the_universe;_on_the_other_hand,_it_is_also_strange_that_the_brightness_of_some_stars_seems_to_change._So_the_sun_is_the_centre_of_the_solar_system.
Though_your_observations_have_been_very_carefully_carried_out_over_many_years,_the_challenge_you_will_face_is_great_if_you_publish_your_new_theory._However,_science_will_never_advance_unless_people_have_the_courage_to_put_forward_their_ideas._No_matter_how_people_oppose_it,_I_think,_time_will_prove_that_your_ideas_are_right.
So_I_sincerely_hope_you_can_publish_your_new_theory.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U1【F】含答案
Yuan Longping, a world-known Chinese agricultural expert, was born in Beijing in 1930.
When he was a child, he was very clever and absorbed all the knowledge well that the teachers could teach him. After graduation, he devoted himself to agricultural study.Once he often suspected the traditional planting methods and was determined to increase rice harvest without increasing the area of fields.In his study process, he was defeated many times, but he never gave up.Apart from this, he often exposed himself to the rain and sunlight all day.At last he put forward many advanced theories and he announced to the world that he had succeeded in developing a new species that produced a 20 percent higher yields than common types of rice.
He thought it made sense only if he could do something successfully in his life.We can draw a conclusion that Yuan Longping is a great agricultural scientist.Owing to his great contribution to agriculture, he will always be remembered as “Father of Hybrid Rice”．
袁隆平是世界著名的中国农业专家，他于1930年出生在北京。
在孩童时代，袁隆平就十分聪明，很好地吸取了老师所授的知识。毕业之后，他投入到农业研究之中。他曾经经常质疑传统的种植方法，并下定决心在保持种植面积不变的情况下提高粮食产量。在研究过程中，他失败了许多次，但是他从不放弃。除此之外，他还经常整日暴露在日晒雨淋中。最终，他提出了许多先进的理论，并向世界宣布他已经成功研发了一种比普通水稻品种增收20%产量的新品种。
袁隆平认为只有他能成功地做成某事，他的人生才有意义。我们可以得出结论：袁隆平是一位伟大的农业科学家。由于他对农业的巨大贡献，他将永远被人民铭记为“杂交水稻之父”。