2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U3【A】含答案
It's Friday morning in the year 2025, and you're running
late.You got distracted watching the music video that was playing
in the corner of your bathroom mirror while you were brushing
your teeth.How will you get to your office at Mega Giga Industries
on time?
A quick check of your Internet-connected refrigerator magnet
tells you your train which travels at speeds up to 250 miles an hour
as it electromagnetically hovers above its guide track — is a bit
behind schedule, too.So you decide to drive your environmentally-
friendly hydrogen fuel cell car instead — or rather, let your car
drive you.It's programmed to know the way, and it will get you
there without speeding, getting lost, or crashing.
Settling into your office chair, which changes color to match
what you're wearing，you pick up yesterday morning's newspaper.
Printed on reusable electronic paper，it instantly rewrites itself
with today's headlines.Now it's time for your big meeting.Uh-oh！
You've left your handwritten notes at home.No problem.The digital
ink pen you used has stored an electronic copy of what you wrote.
Could this scene really take place in just a couple of decades？
The researchers who are currently developing all this stuff think so.
These gadgets (小装置) may be as common in 20 years as cell
phones and DVD players are today.
Section Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading — Pre-reading
FIRST IMPRESSIONS①
Spacemail：liqiang299A@GreatAdventureSpaceStation.com15/11/3008(Earthtime)
Dear Mum and Dad，
I still cannot believe that I am taking up② this prize that I won last year.I have to remind myself constantly③ that I am really in AD 3008. Worried about the journey④， I was unsettled⑤ for the first few days. As a result, I suffered from⑥ “time lag”. This is similar to⑦ the “jet lag⑧”you get from flying⑨， but it seems⑩ you keep getting flashbacks? from your previous? time period.So I was very nervous and uncertain? at first.However, my friend and guide?， Wang Ping, was very understanding? and gave me some green tablets? which helped a lot.Well-known for their expertise?， his parents' company, called “Future Tours”?， transported me safely into the future in a time capsule?.
①impression [Im'pre?n]n．印象；感想；印记
②take up 拿起；接受；开始；继续
③constantly['k?nst?ntlI]adv.不断地
④形容词短语worried about the journey作原因状语。
⑤unsettled adj.不安的；未定的；不稳定的
⑥suffer from患有(疾病等)；因……而受苦
⑦be similar to与……类似/相似
⑧jet[d?et]n．喷气式飞机，jet lag飞行时差反应
⑨定语从句you get from flying修饰the “jet lag”。
⑩It seems (that) ... “看起来……”为固定句型，it为形式主语，that从句为真正主语。
?flashback ['fl??b?k]n．闪回；倒叙
?previous['pri?vI?s]adj.在前的；早先的
?uncertain[?n's??tn]adj.不确切的；无把握的
?guide[ɡaId]n．指导；向导；导游 vt.指引；指导
?understanding在此处为形容词，意为“能谅解的；宽容的”。
?tablet['t?blIt]n．药片
?expertise [?eksp??'ti?z]n．专家意见；专门知识(技能等)
?过去分词短语called “Future Tours”作后置定语，修饰his parents' company。
?capsule['k?psju?l]n．太空舱；胶囊
第 一 印 象
[第1段译文]
太空邮件：liqiang299A@GreatAdventureSpaceStation.com 15/11/3008(地球时间)
亲爱的爸爸、妈妈：
我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。我得不断提醒自己，我真的已经进入到公元3008年了。我很担心这次旅行，所以头几天心里总是不踏实。结果，我得了“时间滞后症”。这就与你乘坐飞机会产生“时差反应”相似，所不同的是，在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。因此，我一开始就感到非常紧张和心神不定。但是，我的朋友兼导游王平很细心体贴，给了我几粒绿色药片，倒是挺起作用的。他父母的公司叫做“未来之旅”，以其技术高超而闻名，用时间舱安全地把我送入了未来。
I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess? called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening. The seats were comfortable and after a calming drink, we felt sleepy and closed our eyes.The capsule began swinging gently sidewaysas we lay relaxed and dreaming. A few minutes later, the journey was completed and we had arrived.I was still on the earth but one thousand years in the future.What would I find？
?stewardess[?stj??'des]n．女乘务员
steward['stju??d]n．乘务员；服务员
opening['??pnI?]n．(出入的)通路；开口；开端
sideways['saIdweIz]adv.往(向、从)一侧；侧着；侧面朝前
lie vi.躺；卧。用作此意时，lie后常跟介词短语、副词或形容词，表示场所、位置或方式等。
as we lay relaxed and dreaming为as引导的时间状语从句。过去分词化的形容词relaxed和现在分词dreaming在此处作状语，说明主语的状态。
[第2段译文]
我仍然记得那个时刻，太空女乘务员让我们都进入时间舱，我们通过一个小开口爬进去。座位是很舒适的，喝了点镇静剂以后，我们感到很困，就闭上了眼睛。时间舱在轻轻地左右摇晃，我们放松地躺在那里做梦。几分钟以后，旅程结束，我们到了。我仍然在地球上，但是进入了未来的一千年。我会看到什么呢？
At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.The air seemed thin，as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Just as I tried to make the necessary adjustment to this new situation, Wang Ping appeared.“Put on this mask，”he advised.“It'll make you feel much better.”He handed it to me and immediately hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest.I felt better in no time. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hoveringcarriage driven by computer. These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly. Wang Ping fastened my safety belt and showed me how to use it.Soon I could fly as fast as him.However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. He was swept up into the centre of them.Just at that moment I had a “time lag” flashback and saw the area again as it had been in the year AD 2008.I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown！Then I caught sight of Wang Ping again and flew after him.
surroundings[s?'ra?ndI?z]n．周围的事物；环境
tolerate['t?l?reIt]vt.容忍；忍受
combination [?k?mbI'neI?n]n．结合；组合
lack[l?k]n．缺乏；短缺的东西，a lack of缺乏……
ache vi.疼痛；渴望 n．疼痛
adjustment [?'d??stm?nt]n．调整；调节
mask[mɑ?sk]n．面具；面罩；伪装
in no time立刻；马上
be back on one's feet(困境后)恢复；完全复原
hover ['h?v?]vi.盘旋
carriage['k?rId?]n．运输工具；四轮马车；客车
bend vt.&vi.(使)弯曲；屈身；屈服
press[pres]vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻
swiftly adv.迅速地；及时地
fasten['fɑ?sn]vt.系牢；扎牢
safety belt安全带，belt [belt]n．腰带；皮带
lose sight of ...看不见……
in all directions朝四面八方
sweep up打扫；横扫
catch sight of发现；看到
[第3段译文]
开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。正当我努力调整自己适应新环境时，王平出现了。“把这个面罩戴上，它会使你感觉好得多。”他建议说。他把面罩递给我，然后把我快速带到一个附近的小房间里休息。我立刻就感到舒服些了。一会儿我就又站起来，跟着他去领取了一台由电脑驱动的气垫车。这些气垫车是在地面上方漂浮着的，只要在座位上把操纵杆打弯或压下，你就可以迅速地移动。王平给我系好安全带并且教我如何使用。很快，我就跟王平飞得一样快了。但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于有太多气垫车在身边朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。他被卷入到这群车队中去了。就在这个时候我得了一次“时间滞后”的回闪，这样我就再次看到了公元2008年的那个地区了。我这才意识到我被送到了未来，但却仍然在自己的家乡！然后我又见到了王平，于是又跟在他后面飞去。
Arriving at a strange-looking house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room.It had a green wall, a brown floor and soft lighting.Suddenly the wall moved — it was made of trees！I found later that their leaves provided the room with much-needed oxygen. Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.“Why not sit down and eat a little？” he said.“You may find this difficult as it is your first time travel trip.Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today.Tomorrow you'll be ready for some visits.”Having said this, he spread some food on the table, and produced a bed from the floor.After he left, I had a brief meal and a hot bath.Exhausted， I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.
More news later from your loving son，
Li Qiang
provide sb. with sth.给某人提供某物
flash [fl??]vt.&vi.(使)闪光；(使)闪现
switch[swIt?]n．开关；转换 vt.转换
from under the floor中的from under为复合介词。类似的还有：from below/behind/around 从……下面/后面/周围。
as if by magic像变魔术似的。这是一个as if引导的省略句，补充完整为：as if they were made by magic。
timetable['taIm?teIbl]n．时间表；时刻表
exhausted [Iɡ'z??stId]adj.筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的(在此作原因状语)
slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……
fall fast asleep熟睡
More news later ...为省略句，开头省略了There will be或You will get/receive。
[第4～5段译文],
来到一个形状奇怪的房子面前，他把我带到一个明亮而洁净的大房间。那里有绿色的墙、棕色的地板和柔和的灯光。突然，墙壁移动了——原来是树形成的！后来我才发现，就是这些树的叶子为这栋房屋提供了急需的氧气。然后王平使电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下，于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般地从地板下面升了上来。“为什么不坐下来吃点东西呢？”他说道，“你第一次做这样的时间旅行，可能会感到有些困难。你可以好好休息一下，因为按时间表我们今天没有任何出行计划。明天你还要准备参观几个地方。”说完这些，他把食物摆在桌子上，又从地板下取出一张床来。他离开后，我快速吃了些东西，洗了个热水澡。我感到累极了，爬到床上很快就睡着了。,以后再谈吧！,你们亲爱的儿子，李强
Pre-reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．guide A．to have none or not enough of sth.
2．tolerate B．to shine very brightly for a short time
3．lack C．a person who shows other people the way to a place, especially
sb.employed to show tourists around interesting places
4．fasten D．to exchange one thing for another
5．flash E．to allow sb.to do sth.that you do not agree with or like
6．switch F．to close or join together the two parts of sth.
7．impression G．believing that good things will happen
8．optimistic H．a deep lasting effect on the mind or feelings of sb.
1～5 ________ 6～8 ________
答案：1～5 CEAFB 6～8 DHG
Lead-in
According to the following pictures, can you predict what the future life will be like?
past
present
future
transport
house
commu-
nication
While-reading
Fast-reading
Skim the text and choose the best answers.
1．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．how Li Qiang was transported to the future
B．how Li Qiang got to the future and his first impression of it
C．what the life was like in the future
D．the introduction of the “Future Tours” company
答案：B
2．Which of the following is the RIGHT order according to the text?
a．Li Qiang visited a strange-looking house and had a good rest in it.
b．They climbed into the time capsule through a small opening.
c．Hit by a lack of fresh air, Li Qiang had a headache.
d．Wang Ping gave Li Qiang some green tablets before the time travel trip.
e．Li Qiang had a “time lag” flashback and realized that he had been transported into the future of what was still his hometown.
f．Li Qiang followed Wang Ping to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer.
A．d—b—c—f—e—a B．a—b—d—e—f—c
C．b—d—c—f—e—a D．d—c—b—e—f—a
答案：A
Careful-reading
Read the text and choose the best answers.
1．What does “time lag” mean according to the author?
A．It is quite different from “jet lag”．
B．It is what you get when you are flying on a plane.
C．It means you keep thinking of the things you may experience in the future.
D．It means you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.
2．When and where did this story happen?
A．It happened in outer space in the future.
B．It happened on the earth in the future.
C．It happened in outer space at the present time.
D．It happened on the earth at the present time.
3．How did the system work?
A．Oxygen was provided by a group of machines.
B．Oxygen was provided by some chemicals.
C．Oxygen was provided by some green leaves.
D．Oxygen was made from some chemical materials.
4．Where did Li Qiang lose sight of Wang Ping?
A．In a hotel capsule.
B．In a room.
C．In a large market.
D．In a hovering carriage.
5．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．the air quality would not be so good in the public areas in the future
B．everyone would have to put on a mask when they went outside in the future
C．the writer had been transported into another city
D．the writer felt uncomfortable for a long time after finishing the journey
答案：1～5 DBCCA
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 这就与你乘坐飞机会产生“时差反应”相似，所不同的是，在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。
2．I can still remember the moment when the space stewardess called us all to the capsule and we climbed in through a small opening.
[句式分析] when引导定语从句，修饰先行词the moment，在定语从句中含有and连接的并列句。
[尝试翻译] 我仍然记得那个时刻，太空女乘务员让我们都进入时间舱，我们通过一个小开口爬进去。
3．However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于有太多气垫车在身边朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。
4．I realized that I had been transported into the future of what was still my hometown!
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 我这才意识到我被送到了未来，但却仍然在自己的家乡！
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The year is 2094. It has been announced that a comet (彗星) is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably hit the southern half of the Earth.
On 17 July, a piece four kilometers wide enters the Earth's atmosphere with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the remaining part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of sound. The sea boils and a huge hole is made in the sea bed. Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are drowned.
Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet lands in Argentina. Earthquakes and volcanoes are set off in the Andes Mountains. The shock waves move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely destroyed by earthquakes. Millions of people in the southern half of the earth are already dead, but the north won't escape for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is hidden by clouds of dust, and temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. The sun won't be seen again for many years. Wars break out as countries fight for food. A year later, no more than 10 million people remain alive.
Could it really happen? In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. The dinosaurs were on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then about 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of object in space. The dinosaurs couldn't live through the cold climate that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end?
语篇解读：文章主要描述了2094年如果一颗彗星的碎片撞向地球，人类可能面临终结。
1．What is mainly described in the passage?
A．A historical discovery. B．An event of imagination.
C．A research on space. D．A scientific adventure.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的时间2094以及下文的内容可知，文章描述了人类在2094年可能会遭遇的灾难。这些事情只是一种想象而已。
2．When the first piece hits the South Atlantic, it causes ________.
A．an earthquake B．damages to cities
C．an Earth explosion D．huge waves
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Huge waves are created and spread outwards from the hole.”可知答案。
3．Why can't the northern half of the earth escape for long?
A．Because the land is covered with water.
B．Because the light and heat from the sun can not reach the earth.
C．Because people there can not live at the temperature of zero.
D．Because wars break out among countries.
解析：选B 推理判断题。文章第三段中提到，南半球的数以百万计的人已经死了，而北半球也逃脱不了这种厄运。因为太阳照不到地球，地球上的温度几乎降到了零度。庄稼遭到了破坏，食物缺乏导致战争的爆发。所以，一切的根源在于B项所提到的事情。
4．By giving the example of dinosaurs, the author tries to prove ________.
A．animals could not live in the cold climate
B．what happened 65 million years ago was an invented story
C．the human beings will die out in 2094
D．the Earth could be hit by other objects in space
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Could it really happen？”以及“Will we meet the same end？”两个问题的提出可知，作者是想通过举恐龙这一例子说明地球很有可能再次遭遇撞击。
B
As an oceanographer (海洋学家), I've spent many years developing robots to explore the ocean, and now we're putting that technology to use in our JASON Project, a program that's designed to inspire students and get them interested in science, technology, engineering and mathematics. In theaters throughout the country, we bring kids together and send back to them on large screens our live explorations of large areas of the globe. Not only are the kids observers, but they can operate robots moving across the area while broadcasting images back to them. The kids have the sensation (感受) of really being at the site with us.
I believe advances in robot technology will one day be the key to a new kind of travel. In the next 10 or 15 years, people will have rooms in their houses that will be able to simulate (模拟) other environments. I like to call these rooms “home domes” — small theaters with screens and advanced equipment that can reproduce the sights, sounds, smells, and feel of a desert, or a forest. Hand in hand with these rooms, I can see a market for travel robots located in countries around the world. You could rent (租) a robot working in a rain forest, then go into your home dome, where you yourself operate the robot's movements. The equipment in the room will receive the sensations in the robot's environment and simulate them for you.
Today, much of the world's population never travels more than 50 or 60 miles from home. And even a person with enough time can see only a part of the earth's sights. But this new way of travel will cost so much less in both time and money and allow people to see a lot more of the globe. And simulated travel will also help protect our planet. You can't take large groups of tourists to look at Dian Fossey's gorillas (大猩猩). But a small robot, with no animal smell, can get very close to a gorilla and send the sights, sounds, and smells back to a million people.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一种新型旅游方式——利用机器人模拟真实场景，让人们足不出户感受自然风光。
5．The main purpose of the JASON Project is to ________.
A．design robots B．educate children
C．explore the world D．improve technology
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的“that's designed to inspire students and get them interested in science, technology, engineering and mathematics”可知，JASON Project主要是为了培养孩子对科学、技术、工程和数学的兴趣，即该项目起教育作用。
6．Without going outside, people in “home domes” can ________.
A．enjoy a guided trip B．get very close to nature
C．develop and operate robots D．send images back to scientists
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，作者把利用机器人技术模拟自然环境的房间称为“home domes”，人们在这样的房间里可以足不出户亲近大自然。
7．What's the author's attitude towards the future of robot technology?
A．Uncaring. B．Doubtful.
C．Hopeful. D．Dissatisfied.
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“I believe advances in robot technology will one day be the key to a new kind of travel.”和“I can see a market for travel robots located in countries around the world”可知，作者对机器人技术在新型旅游中的应用充满希望。
8．According to the text, simulated travel ________.
A．has been widely accepted
B．costs lots of time and money
C．is harmful to the environment
D．is time- and money-saving
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“this new way of travel will cost so much less in both time and money ... simulated travel will also help protect our planet.”可知，模拟旅游省时省钱。
C
These are some ideas that some people came up with about what the life will be like in the year 2500.
We will have established a base on the moon. School kids can take field trips to the moon weekly. We will have found cures (疗法) for AIDS and cancer. The war will have ended and peace flows freely through the land. Kids will learn more and be smarter than ever before! History will be the main subject at school. Cafeteria (自助餐厅) food will be delicious! You just walk up to a machine, stick out your tongue, and it will scan your taste buds (味蕾) to see what you want to eat.
— Kristen
Here I am in the wonderful year of 2500 and life is so easy. I work in a pet store and it is so hard! I have to wake up at midnight every day and fly my car to the store. It takes so long to get there. It takes me 20 seconds to get to the store in Mississippi from my home in Florida! At work, I have to push 5 buttons and then I go home. It takes 2 seconds and that is like forever.
— Morgan
In the year 2500, I think we will have invented cars that run on things we don't need like garbage. Tail gas will smell like whatever you like such as chocolate. I also predict that buildings will be able to go into a different dimension (维) so your car won't hit them. The cars in 2500 don't fly, for we haven't got that technology yet, but they can hover (盘旋) up to seven feet. These cars are made for speed!
— Carly
Instead of cars, we may have hovering devices that float around. We could also have electric cars instead of gas-powered cars. Food might be more healthy. What I believe is that the environment will change the most. The environmental changes will also determine many other changes. If more people try to help the environment, then perhaps in 2500 we will have more forests and wildlife. If people won't help the environment, then we will have no forests and little wildlife left.
— Roberta
语篇解读：2500年的生活会是什么样子呢？人们对它展开了丰富的想象。
9．According to Kristen, what will happen in 2500?
A．English will be the main subject at school.
B．Students can go to the moon every week.
C．Cafeteria will replace other restaurants.
D．AIDS and cancer will disappear.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章中克里斯滕所说的话“School kids can take field trips to the moon weekly.”可知B项为正确答案。
10．Morgan thinks his work in the pet store is ________.
A．difficult B．meaningless
C．important D．easy
解析：选D 推理判断题。文章中摩根对他工作的具体描述使用的是反语，他真实的意思是“这份工作太轻松了”。他的第一句话也是对该意思的提示，故选D项。
11．Who mainly tells the reader of the cars in 2500?
A．Kristen. B．Morgan.
C．Carly. D．Roberta.
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据文章中卡力所说的那段话可知，他主要谈到的是2500年的汽车，包括汽车的燃料、废气及功能等，故选C项。
12．Roberta thinks that in 2500 ________.
A．the environment will have changed a lot
B．there will be more wildlife and forests
C．the environment will be seriously damaged
D．cars will run on solar power and electricity
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据文章中罗伯塔所说的那段话可知，她所坚信的是环境一定会变化很大，或往好的方面变化，或往坏的方面变化。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
You are going places
It was another boring and sad day. I had come home from school, changed my clothes and got ready for work. I work at a local restaurant as a busser (餐厅侍者助手)．
__1__ And to make matters worse I was busing that evening. It's the same thing over and over again. Dealing with customers who complain about their food, where they are sitting and whether the piece of pie that they are served is too big or too small. __2__ Though it's annoying (恼人的), we all have to learn to deal with it.
__3__ It happened to be the very area where I bused and kept the dirty dishes in the bins. These elderly women watched how I was busing and working really hard to make sure every table was clean and ready for the next customers.
When they had finished their meals, I took their plates back to the kitchen. They talked to me for a while about school, how I was doing, and what grade I was in. __4__
As they were leaving, they walked past me and one of them said to me in a confident and gentle voice，“You are going places.” And that was it. They left the restaurant and I was pretty surprised. __5__ They raised my spirits and gave me a reason to keep on working hard and to give it my all.
A．I know I have got used to it.
B．I went to work feeling down.
C．They also asked what I planned to do in the future.
D．I had been busing since 5：00 pm and we were quite busy.
E．Little things like that always annoy a lot of our employees.
F．Three elderly ladies walked in and sat at a table by the windows.
G．I had tears in my eyes, because they gave me a reason to believe in myself.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了三位老太太的鼓励让作者不再低沉，开始相信自己。
1．选B 由第一段中的“It was another boring and sad day.”以及该空后的“And to make matters worse ...”可知，作者去上班，感觉很糟糕。
2．选E 由该空前的“Dealing with customers ... too big or too small.”以及该空后的“Though it's annoying ...”可知，设空处指“像这样的小事往往会惹恼我们很多员工”。
3．选F 由该段中的“These elderly women watched ...”以及下文的描述可知，F项“三位老太太走进来，坐在靠窗户的桌子旁”符合此处语境。
4．选C 由该空前的“They talked to me for a while ... what grade I was in.”可知，她们还问“我”计划以后做什么。
5．选G 由该空后的“They raised my spirits ... keep on working hard and to give it my all.”
可知，“我”的眼中充满泪水，因为她们给了“我”相信自己的理由。
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U3【B】含答案
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.aspectn． 方面；层面
2.guiden. 指导；向导；导游
vt. 指引；指导
3.toleratevt. 容忍；忍受
4.lackvt.&vi. 缺乏；没有
n. 缺乏；短缺的东西
5.carriagen. 运输工具；四轮马车；客车
6.pressvi.&vt. 按；压；逼迫
n. 按；压；印刷；新闻
7.fastenvt. 系牢；扎牢
8.flashvt.&vi. (使)闪光；(使)闪现
9.switchn. 开关；转换
vt. 转换
10.timetablen. 时间表；时刻表
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.constantadj.时常发生的；连续不断的→constantlyadv.不断地
2.previousadj.在前的；早先的→previously adv.以前；早先
3.uncertainadj.不确切的；无把握的→certain (反义词)确定的；有把握的
4.stewardn．乘务员；服务员→stewardessn．女乘务员
5.surroundingadj.周围的→surroundingsn．周围的事物；环境→surround vt.包围；围绕
6.adjustmentn．调整；调节→adjust vt.调整；调节
7.optimisticadj.乐观(主义)的→optimism n．乐观；乐观主义
1.lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺的东西
[同义] be short of缺少……
[反义] be rich in在……方面富有/丰富
2.press vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫 n．按；压；印刷；新闻
[联想] press家族
①pressure n． 压力
②impress v. 给……留下深刻印象
③impression n. 印象
④impressive adj. 令人印象深刻的
⑤express v. 表达
⑥expression n. 表达；表情
3.fasten vt.系牢；扎牢
[规律] 形容词＋后缀-en→动词
[联想] 后缀-en动词一览
①deepen加深 ②widen加宽
③strengthen加强 ④sharpen使锋利
4.timetable n．时间表；时刻表
[规律] 名词＋名词→合成名词
[联想] 常见合成名词集锦
①seafood海产品 ②viewpoint观点
③waterfall瀑布 ④bookstore书店
⑤bookmark书签 ⑥hometown家乡
5.steward n．乘务员；服务员→stewardess n．女乘务员
[联想] “男女”有别
①waiter 男招待→waitress 女招待
②actor 男演员→actress 女演员
③host男主人→hostess女主人
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.take_up 拿起；接受；开始；继续
2．as_a_result 结果；因此
3．suffer_from 患有(疾病等)；为……受苦
4．be_similar_to 与……相似
5．(a)_lack_of_...……方面的短缺
6．in_no_time 立刻
7．be_back_on_one's_feet
(困境后)恢复；完全复原
8．lose_sight_of_... 看不见……
9．in_all_directions 朝四面八方
10．sweep_up 打扫；横扫
11．provided_..._with_...
为……提供……
12．slide_into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……
1.remind ... constantly that ..
不断提醒……
2．be nervous and uncertain
感到紧张和心神不定
3．transport ... safely into ...
安全地把……送入……
4．the space stewardess 空姐
5．feel sleepy 昏昏欲睡
6．make the necessary adjustment to this new situation
对这种新情况做必要的调整
7．fasten one's safety belt
系好某人的安全带
8．from under the floor 从地板下面
9．fall fast asleep 很快睡着
10．finance and currency 金融与货币
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。
在“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中，不定式常用主动形式表示被动意义。
On one hand, there are still lots of people having no houses to live in. On the other hand, many apartments are_difficult_to_sell_out.
一方面，仍有很多人没有房子居住；另外一方面，很多楼盘很难卖出。
2.The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.
空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。
as though/if意为“好像”，在句子中引导方式状语从句。
Everything in my childhood crowded my mind as_though/if_they_had_just_happened.
童年的一切一下子涌入我的脑海，仿佛刚刚发生似的。
4.Just relax, since there is nothing planned on the timetable today.
你可以好好休息一下，因为按时间表我们今天没有任何出行计划。
本句结构为“There be ＋名词/代词＋非谓语动词”。
I'm very glad that there_are_so_many_
American_students_loving Chinese.
(2015·天津高考书面表达)
我很高兴有这么多美国学生喜欢汉语。
1．(教材 P17)FIRST IMPRESSIONS第一印象
?impression n．印象
the first impression 第一印象
leave/make a(n) ... impression on sb. 给某人留下……印象
①My first impression of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
我对他的第一印象是他是一个善良且体贴的年轻人。
②Premier Li Keqiang made a good impression on the people all over the world.
李克强总理给全世界人民留下了良好的印象。
impress vt. 给……留下深刻印象；使铭记
impress sb. with sth. 某事(物)给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed with/by 对……印象深刻；被……所打动
impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人铭记某事(物)；使某人对某事(物)印象深刻
③Father impressed the importance of working hard on me.
父亲使我铭记努力工作的重要性。
④The boy has_impressed_his_doctors_with_his courage and determination.
那个男孩的勇气和决心给医生们留下了深刻印象。
2．(教材P17)I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year.
我还是无法相信我是在接受去年获得的这个奖励。
?take up拿起；接受；开始；继续；占据
写出下列句中take up的含义
①The girl took up her bag and left the room. 拿起
②She took up his offer of a drink.接受
③At the age of sixty he took up the study of Russian.开始
④Joan took up the story when her sister forgot the next detail.继续
⑤That big clock will have to go; it takes up too much space in the small hall.占据
take off 脱掉；起飞；成名
take in 接受；收留；理解；明白；欺骗
take on 雇用；呈现(新面貌等)；承担
take over 接管；接收
⑥Some insects take on the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves.
有些昆虫为了自我保护会随着周围环境改变自身颜色。
⑦Internet shopping will ready take off when people make sure that it is safe.
当人们确信了网购的安全性时，它就已经成功了。
3．(教材P17)This is similar to the “jet lag” you get from flying, but it seems you keep getting flashbacks from your previous time period.
这就与你乘坐飞机会产生“时差反应”相似，所不同的是，在你的脑子里似乎会不断地闪现以前的时光。
?previous adj.(仅用于名词前)在前的；早先的
previous to 在……之前(其中to 是介词)
previously adv. 先 前地；早先
①Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides.(2015·天津高考单选)
虽然经过了先前几轮的谈判，但是到目前为止，双方没有达成共识。
②Previous to leaving (leave) for France, he studied a lot about the country.
他在启程前往法国之前，对这个国家做了很多研究。
③The building had previously (previous) been used as a hotel.
这座楼房早先曾用作旅馆。
4．(教材P18)At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。
?surroundings n．周围的事物；环境
(1)surrounding adj. 附近的；周围的
(2)surround vt. 环绕；围住；包围
be surrounded by/with ... 由……围着/包围
①Happiness comes from within your heart, not from your surroundings.
幸福来自于你的内心世界，而不是你周围的事物。
②Police are still searching the town and surrounding (surround) areas for the child.
警方仍在小镇及周边地区搜寻那个小孩。
③When Aunt Ruth was at home, I was_surrounded (surround) by love.
露丝姑姑在家时，对我爱护有加。
?tolerate vt.容忍；忍受
tolerate doing sth. 容忍做某事
①I can tolerate the house being untidy, but I hate it if it's not clean.
我可以容忍房间里不整齐，但是我讨厌房间里脏乱不堪。
②Our teacher cannot tolerate cheating (cheat) on exams.
我们的老师不能容忍考试作弊。
[名师点津] 表示“容忍；忍受”的动词(短语)还有：bear, stand和put up with等。
5．(教材P18)Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
由于缺乏新鲜空气，我感到头痛。
?lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有n．缺乏；短缺的东西
(1)(a) lack of ... 缺少……
for lack of ... 由于缺乏……
(2)lacking adj. 缺乏；缺少
be lacking in sth. 缺少某物
①Jim's real problem is that he lacks confidence.
吉姆的真正问题是他缺乏自信。
②It's not that exercise makes you healthy; it's more that a_lack_of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.
并不是锻炼使你健康，更应该是缺乏锻炼让你身体虚弱，容易遭受疾病的侵袭。
③More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for_lack_of space.
因为缺乏空间，大城市建起越来越多的高楼大厦。
6．(教材P18)These carriages float above the ground and by bending or pressing down in your seat, you can move swiftly.
这些气垫车是在地面上方飘浮着的，只要在座位上把操纵杆打弯或压下，你就可以迅速地移动。
?press vi.&vt.按；压；逼迫n．按；压；印刷；新闻；新闻界(常与定冠词the连用)
写出下列句中press的词性及含义
①The doctor gently pressed his stomach.v.按
②They are pressing us to make a quick decision.v.逼迫
③Members of the press were not allowed into the meeting.n.新闻界
7．(教材P18)However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.
但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于有太多气垫车在身边朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。
?lose sight of ...看不见……
①I lost sight of him but could still hear his footsteps.
我看不见他了，但还能够听到他的脚步声。
catch sight of 看到……
at the sight of 看见……时
at first sight 初次看到时；乍一看
in/within sight 在视野内；看得见
out of sight 在看不见的地方；消失
come into sight 进入视野；映入眼帘
②Finally he caught_sight_of the young man's light overcoat in the distance.
最后他总算在远处看见了那个年轻人穿的浅色外套。
③Now and then, one or two motorcycles will come_into_sight and your ears are filled with their noises.
你会时不时地看到一两辆摩托车，耳旁充斥着它们的噪音。
8．(教材P18)Then Wang Ping flashed a switch on a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from under the floor as if by magic.
然后王平使电脑荧屏上的开关闪了一下，于是一张桌子和几把椅子就像变魔术般地从地板下面升了上来。
?switch n．开关；转换vt.转换
(1)make a switch 改变
(2)switch off 切断(电流等)
switch on 接通(电流等)；开(电器)
switch (sth.) to sth. (把……)转换到……
①We had to make a switch in our arrangement.
我们不得不改变我们的安排。
②I don't like this TV programme. Let's switch to another.
我不喜欢这个电视节目。让我们换个频道吧。
③He switched off the light as there was no one in the room.
他把灯关了，因为房间里没有人。
1．At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.
开始的时候，新的环境让我难以忍受。
该句型是“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，其中my new surroundings是 tolerate的逻辑宾语，不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。使用此结构须具备两个前提条件：
(1)常用形容词有：difficult, hard, easy, good, comfortable, pleasant, interesting, exciting等。
(2)不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系；若不定式为不及物动词，其后应该加相应的介词。
①This machine is very easy to operate. Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.
这台机器很容易操作。任何人学习几分钟就会使用。
②I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good to_breathe (breathe)．
在夏季我喜欢很早起床。早上的新鲜空气呼吸起来真好。
③The armchair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to sit in.
这扶手椅看上去很硬，但坐上去很舒服。
2．The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left.
空气似乎很稀薄，好像在混合气体中剩下的氧气很少。
as though 意为“好像”，在句中引导方式状语从句。as though/if的用法如下：
类
型
表语从句
接在look, seem等动词之后
状语从句
接在常见的实义动词之后
从句语气及时态
陈述语气
所述是真实的或极有可能发生
虚拟语气
所述不真实或极少有可能发生
与现在事实相反
过去时(be动词常用were)
与过去事实相反
过去完成时(had done)
与将来事实相反
过去将来时(would/could/might do)
①It looks as though/if it isn't clean enough to swim here.
看起来这儿的水好像不够干净，不宜游泳。
②First he picks out the laces and eats them as though/if they were (be) noodles.
他先拿起鞋带来吃，好像在吃面条。
③I suggest that you should stay here as though/if nothing had_happened (happen)．
我建议你应该待在这儿，好像什么事也没有发生。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．His fluent English and profound knowledge make a deep impression on others.
2．The accident caused 3 deaths and 20 got injured, which happened previous to his arrival there.
3．After the explosion, the army blocked the surrounding (surround) area and forbad anyone entering it.
4．He did not finish his schooling for lack of money.
5．Those air conditioners are our best-selling products because they are easy to_handle (handle) and work with little noise.
6．I can't tolerate speaking (speak) to your mother in such a rude manner.
7．School has started, but I feel more and more uneasy as if I were (be) in a foreign country now.
8．We feel quite unfit because the bank is_pressing (press) us for repayment of the loan.
Ⅱ.选词填空
as if， previous to， sweep ... up， take up， switch off， be surrounded by， impress ... with， at first sight
1．He impressed her with his sincerity, which moved her deeply.
2．(2015·陕西高考单选)Peter will take_up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.
3．The house was_surrounded_by big trees, which sheltered it from severe sunshine.
4．We fell in love with the smartphone at_first_sight,_but much to our regret, it was too dear.
5．Jack wasn't saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as_if he had done something very clever.
6．Previous_to coming here, he worked in America.
7．I switched_off all the lights before I went out.
8．Before moving into his new apartment, Jone swept it up thoroughly.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．For some reason she got the impression (印象) that you didn't like her.
2．I have previous (早先的) experience of this type of work.
3．The surrounding (周围的) villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city.
4．I cannot tolerate (容忍) those annoying ads appearing every several minutes when watching TV.
5．They carried on with their experiment in spite of the lack (缺乏) of equipment.
6．His views vary constantly (不断地) just like the variable weather.
7．They were both uncertain (无把握的) about what to do and went to their uncle for help.
8．He fastened (系紧) his coat and hurried out to the cinema.
9．I have made a few adjustments (调整) to my study plan.
10．The doctor told him to take two tablets (药片) of aspirin before every meal.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Deeply impressed on its beauty, I fell in love with Guilin.on→by/with
2．Lacking necessary social experience, teenagers tend to be taken up by ill people.up→in
3．It took me a few weeks to get used to my new surrounding.
surrounding→surroundings
4．Previous to go abroad, he studied in Paris. go→going
5．None of his plans ever comes through because he lacks in determination.去掉in
6．The school cannot tolerate talk loudly in class.talk→talking
7．Although the lady looks elegant, actually she is hard to get along.along后加with
8．He treats his elder sister as though she is a stranger.is→were
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．To my delight, my previous experience has_made/left_a_good_impression_on the interviewer.
令我高兴的是，我以前的经验给面试官留下了一个好印象。
2．On the contrary, smart phones not only take_up_our_valuable_time,_but also do great harm to our health.
相反，智能手机不仅占据了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康造成危害。
3．No sooner had he finished his talk than he was_surrounded_by the excited workers.
他刚一结束讲话就被兴奋的工人们围了起来。
4．For_lack_of_human_protection,_the number of Yangtze Finless Porpoise is becoming smaller and smaller.
由于缺乏人类保护，长江江豚的数量变得越来越少。
5．Only a short-sighted man will lose_sight_of the importance of education.
只有鼠目寸光的人才会看不见教育的重要性。
6．In some experts' opinion, living conditions on the Mars are_very_hard/difficult_to_
tolerate.
一些专家的观点是火星上面的生存状况很难忍受。
7．A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as_if_they_had_been_
the_only_people_in_the_world.
船上的一对年轻人吃着东西，高声地谈笑着，好像这个世界上只有他们自己。
8．(2015·湖南高考书面表达)After learning what_situation_I_was_in,_my teacher, Michael encouraged me to step out of trouble bravely and confidently.
得知我所处的境况后，我的老师迈克尔鼓励我勇敢地、充满自信地走出困境。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Li Qiang couldn't believe that he had traveled to the year AD 3008 1.in a time capsule. 2.Because this was his first time trip, he was worried and 3.unsettled (settle) and he also suffered from “time lag”．Besides, he 4.was_hit (hit) by the lack of fresh air. His guide, Wang Ping, who was very 5.understanding (understand), gave him some green tablets and a mask, 6.which helped him overcome the problems. However, Li Qiang experienced something new. He flew 7.above the ground in a hovering carriage. 8.Arriving (arrive) home, he was shown into a large, bright clean room with a wall of trees. After eating something, he fell 9.fast asleep in the bed that 10.was_produced (produce) from the floor.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
王先生是一位有经验的工人，他工作努力。他经常(constantly)帮助和指导(guide)我们操作新设备。他给我们留下了很好的印象(impression)。令我们遗憾的是，他上个月生病了，住院期间他忍受(tolerate)了巨大的痛苦。幸运的是，他现在完全康复(be back on one's feet)了。他希望继续(take up)以前的(previous)工作。我们很高兴他是一个乐观的(optimistic)人。
Mr._Wang_is_an_experienced_worker_and_works_hard._He_constantly_helps_and_guides_us_in_operating_new_equipment._He_left_a_good_impression_on_us._To_our_regret,_he_fell_ill_last_month._He_tolerated_great_sufferings_when_in_hospital._Fortunately,_he_is_back_on_his_feet_again_now._He_hopes_to_take_up_his_previous_work._We_are_happy_because_he_is_an_optimistic_man.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
Recently we carried out a survey of 1,000 people from different countries to find out what they think __1__ will be like in the future. The results clearly show both our __2__ and fears.
The survey suggests that __3__ — one of the most important human relationships — will change greatly. People will make friends through the Internet. Computers will become really __4__ by 2050. Even now, some people describe them as their best friends! Others, __5__， say that we will become much more isolated (孤立的) from each other __6__ we will have little real human communication.
Education will __7__ a lot too. As more and more children will be using computers in schools, certain __8__， such as mental arithmetic (心算), won't be necessary. Even writing by hand will have become a thing of the __9__.
According to the survey, home life will be __10__. Most people believe that by 2050 robots will be doing the housework and we will be eating __11__ food. A lot of people think that we might only cook for fun in the future. Space exploration will become increasingly __12__. Fifty percent of the people we talked to __13__ that man will regularly visit Mars.
Pollution is something that seems to __14__ many people. Some fear that it will __15__ to get worse, and that our planet will become __16__ to live on. Others even __17__ that one day we'll have to pay for clean air.
__18__， people seem to be quite optimistic about genetic engineering (遗传工程学), as they think scientists will use it to __19__ diseases like cancer and AIDS.
No matter how dark or bright it may seem, it is up to us to __20__ our planet and try to make it a better place.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章是人们对未来生活看法的问卷调查结果。1．A.education B．space
C．nature D．life
解析：选D 根据下文描述的交友、教育、太空探索以及污染问题等可知，此问卷调查是关于未来“生活(life)”的。
2．A.tears B．hopes
C．rights D．plans
解析：选B 根据本空后的fears以及下文描述的未来生活的不同方面可知，问卷结果显示了人们对未来生活的“期许(hopes)”和担忧。
3．A.marriage B．leadership
C．friendship D．neighborhood
解析：选C 根据下文的“one of the most important human relationships”和“People will make friends through the Internet.”可知，此处是说未来的“友谊(friendship)”会发生巨大的改变。
4．A.private B．perfect
C．necessary D．expensive
解析：选C 根据本段描述电脑对人们的影响可知，到2050年，电脑将变得“必不可少(necessary)”。
5．A.however B．instead
C．anyhow D．therefore
解析：选A “一些人认为电脑是最好的朋友”和“有些人认为人与人之间将变得更加孤立”之间是转折关系，故选however。
6．A.until B．unless
C．because D．although
解析：选C “缺少真实的人际交流”是“人们变得更加孤立”的原因，故选because。
7．A.provide B．complete
C．receive D．change
解析：选D 根据下文描述心算变得没有必要可知，未来的教育也会“改变(change)”很多。
8．A.facts B．abilities
C．goals D．thoughts
解析：选B 参见下题解析。
9．A.end B．past
C．moment D．future
解析：选B 由于电脑的普及，某些“技能(abilities)”，如心算，将没有必要。甚至用手写字也会变得过时。a thing of the past指“过时的事物”。
10．A.busier B．safer
C．easier D．sadder
解析：选C 根据下文的“robots will be doing the housework”可知，未来家庭生活将变得“更简单(easier)”。
11．A.unhealthy B．frozen
C．over-cooked D．ready-made
解析：选D 根据下文的“we might only cook for fun in the future”可知，到2050年人们基本不做饭，而是吃“已经做好的(ready-made)”饭。
12．A.famous B．cheap
C．popular D．difficult
解析：选C 根据下文的“man will regularly visit Mars”可知，未来的太空探索将非常“流行(popular)”。
13．A.doubt B．believe
C．remember D．warn
解析：选B 根据上文的“Most people believe”可知，50%的受访者“相信(believe)”人类会定期拜访火星。
14．A.confuse B．frighten
C．satisfy D．worry
解析：选D 根据下文的“Some fear that ...”可知，环境污染让很多人“担心(worry)”。
15．A.stop B．continue
C．refuse D．begin
解析：选B 本段指污染带给人们的影响。有些人担心如果环境“继续(continue)”变糟糕，在地球上居住将变得“不可能(impossible)”。
16．A.cold B．free
C．suitable D．impossible
解析：选D 参见上题解析。
17．A.expect B．promise
C．predict D．wish
解析：选C 环境污染使得有些人“预测(predict)”有一天呼吸干净的空气也需要付费。
18．A.As a result B．In other words
C．In a similar way D．On the other hand
解析：选D 对未来生活，人们一方面担心环境污染，而“另一方面(On the other hand)”则对遗传工程学充满期待。
19．A.catch B．prevent
C．spread D．carry
解析：选B 根据上文的“be quite optimistic”可知，有一些人相信科学家可以利用遗传工程学“防治(prevent)”诸如癌症和艾滋这样的疾病。
20．A.look after B．take over
C．pay for D．think about
解析：选A 根据上述调查结果以及作者的结论“try to make it a better place”可知，作者认为我们应该“照顾(look after)”好地球。
Ⅱ.短文改错
When I first learned to write in English, I run into many difficulties. The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese but tried to translate everything into English. My teacher advised me to keep diaries. I followed her advices. Happily it worked. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. One day I wrote a short story and showed to my teacher. She liked it very much that she read it to the class. Everyone said the story was the good one. I was great encouraged by their words.
答案：第一句：run→ran
第二句：去掉in; but→and
第四句：advices→advice
第六句：talk→talking; me→myself
第七句：showed后加it
第八句：very→so
第九句：good前的the→a
第十句：great→greatly
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U3【C】含答案
?语法图解
?探究发现
1．①Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
②Given better attention, the trees could grow better.
③Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth's gravity.
2．①Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
＝ Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
②I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency.
＝ I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, and was absorbed by its efficiency.
3．①When offered help, one often says “Thank you” or “It's kind of you.”
②The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.
[我的发现]
(1)作状语用的过去分词(短语)和句子的主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，或称为被动关系。
(2)第一组句子中的过去分词(短语)分别在句子中作：①原因状语；②条件状语；③伴随情况或方式状语。
(3)比较第二组句子可知，作状语用的过去分词(短语)可以转化成相应的状语从句或并列句。
(4)从第三组句子可知，表示时间、条件、方式、比较或让步的状语，可用“从属连词＋过去分词”结构。可用于该结构中的从属连词有：when, once, while, if, unless, as if, as, than, though, although等。
一、过去分词作状语的类型
过去分词作状语，可以表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式和结果，相当于一个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。
1．作时间状语
相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when, while, until”等，使其时间意义更明确。
When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.
当被问到对教学工作的观点时，菲利普说他觉得它既有趣又有意义。
2．作原因状语
相当于原因状语从句或并列句。
Absorbed in painting, John didn't notice evening approaching.(2015·天津高考单选)
＝ Because John was absorbed in painting, he didn't notice evening approaching.
＝ John was absorbed in painting, so he didn't notice evening approaching.
由于专心画画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
3．作条件状语
相当于条件状语从句。可加连词if, unless等转换成条件状语从句。
Used with care, one tin will last for six weeks.
如果用得仔细的话，一罐可以够用六周。
4．作让步状语
相当于让步状语从句。有时可加although, though, even if, even though, whether ... or等连词转换成让步状语从句。
Defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
＝ Although he was defeated by his opponent, he never gave up any hope.
尽管被对手击败，但是他从没放弃希望。
5．作方式、伴随状语
相当于and连接的并列句。
She accepted the gift, deeply moved.
＝ She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved.
她接受了礼物，深深地被感动了。
[名师点津] 值得注意的是，有些过去分词(短语)因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词(短语)常见的有：lost (迷路)；seated (坐)；hidden (躲)；lost/absorbed in (沉溺于)；dressed in (穿着)；tired of (厌烦)。
Lost in thought, he didn't hear the bell.
由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。
[即时演练1]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2015·重庆高考改编)Raised (raise) in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.
②(2014·湖南高考改编)Children, when accompanied (accompany) by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.
③Founded (found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art.
④Translated (translate) into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.
(2)句型转换
①When it is seen from the top of the hill, the town looks more beautiful.
→Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill,_the_town_looks_more_beautiful.
②Because they were deeply moved by the film, the children began to cry.
→Deeply_moved_by_the_film,_the_children_began_to_cry.
③If we were given more time, we could do it much better.
→Given_more_time,_we_could_do_it_much_better.
④The president of the company came to the factory, and he was followed by some workers.
→The_president_of_the_company_came_to_the_factory,_followed_by_some_workers.
二、过去分词作状语时的位置
过去分词作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。
Told that his mother was ill, Li Lei hurried home quickly.(原因状语)
得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。
The old man walked into the room, supported by his son.(方式状语)
老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。
三、过去分词的独立结构作状语
过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立结构。过去分词的独立结构在句中作状语时，通常可表示时间、原因、条件等。
Much time spent sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems.(2015·江苏高考单选)
很多时间都坐在办公桌旁，办公室职员一般都受到健康问题的困扰。
[即时演练2] 用独立主格结构作状语改写句子
①After the lecture was given, a lively question-and-answer session followed.
→The_lecture_given,_a lively question-and-answer session followed.
②The factory produced many famous cars, none of which were shipped to foreign countries.
→The factory produced many famous cars, none_of_them_shipped_to_foreign_
countries.
③Because extra money was given to the poor, he felt very happy.
→Extra_money_given_to_the_poor,_he felt very happy.
四、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别
过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。
[助记] 分词作状语记忆口诀
分词作状语，主语是问题。
前后两动作，共用一主语。
主语找出后，再来判关系。
主动用-ing，被动用-ed。
Used for a long time, the book looks old.(动宾关系)
由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去陈旧。
Using the book, I find it very useful.(主谓关系)
在使用这本书时，我发现它很有用。
[名师点津] 无论是现在分词还是过去分词，其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。如果不一致，则必须用状语从句、独立主格结构等其他表达形式。
If caught, the police will punish the thief.(×)
If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.(√)
If the thief is caught, the police will punish the thief.(√)
[即时演练3] 用所给词的适当形式填空
①When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, telling (tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
②—Where is Jimmy?
—Just now I saw him sitting under the tree, absorbed (absorb) in his video games.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．—Shall we put off the match because of the bad weather?
—No. Rain or shine, the match will be held as scheduled (schedule)．
2．Designed (design) very cleverly to fit into corners, the shelf doesn't take up much room.
3．The new technology, if applied (apply) to rice growing, will help increase the grain output.
4．Considered (consider) as a building material, wood is not very strong.
5．Given (give) another 10 days, we are sure to complete repairing the machine.
6．Filled (fill) with shame, the boy lowered his head, ready for the punishment from his dad.
7．When first introduced (introduce) to the market, these new products in their company enjoyed a great success.
8．Located (locate) in the central district, the hotel offers the best service with the lowest price.
9．Surrounded (surround) by a river, the park had a central pond with flowers floating in it.
10．Disappointed (disappoint) at failing in the math exam, John wouldn't like to talk about it to his parents.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．Once_lost,_such a chance might never come again.
一旦失去，这样的机会可能永远不会再来了。
2．Grown_in_rich_soil,_these seeds can grow fast.
如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子就能长得快。
3．Edited_by_three_language_experts,_the dictionary has been popular with readers ever since it came out two years ago.
由于被三位语言专家编辑，这本字典自从两年前上市以来就一直受到读者欢迎。
4．Bathed_in_the_sunshine,_we jumped and cheered with joy.
沐浴在阳光中，我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。
5．Offered_an_important_role in a new movie, Andy has a chance to become famous.
由于别人给他提供了一部新电影里的重要角色，安迪有机会出名了。
6．There is clear evidence that children who take music lessons develop a better memory compared_with_those who have no musical training.
这里有明显的证据，与那些没受过音乐训练的孩子相比，上音乐课的孩子有更好的记忆力。
7．When exposed_to_stress,_in whatever form, all of us react both mentally and physically.
当暴露在压力之下时，不管以什么形式，我们所有的人都会从精神和身体上作出反应。
8．Devoted_to_his_science_research,_he has enjoyed fame all over the world.
由于献身于科学研究事业，他在全世界享有盛名。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Farming was once the main way of life in nearly every country. People cannot live __1__ food, and nearly all their food comes from crops and animals __2__ (raise) on farms. Many other materials also come from plants and animals. Now not many people farm for a living any more, but farming __3__ (be) also the most important work in the world.
Before __4__ nineteenth century, the typical American family lived on a small farm. They raised pigs, cattle and sheep, and planted corn, fruits and wheat. Everyone worked long and hard, but they hardly got enough food for __5__ (they). This situation began to change during the last half of the 1800's and it changed __6__ (great) in these years. __7__ (support) by some scientific methods and labor-saving machines, the production of some major crops has increased.
Now farming has become __8__ (important) as a way of life than ever before. Today's successful farmers are not only good at agriculture __9__ at marketing and finance as well. If farmers only know how to grow crops, their farms will have great difficulty __10__ (survive)．
答案：1.without 2.raised 3.is 4.the 5.themselves 6.greatly 7.Supported 8.less important 9.but 10.surviving
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U3【D】含答案
[原文呈现]
I HAVE SEEN AMAZING① THINGS
My first visit was to a space station considered the most modern in space②. Described③ as an enormous④ round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate⑤ the pull of the earth's gravity.Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date⑥ inventions of the 31st century.A guide (G) showed us around along a moveable⑦ path.
[读文清障]
①amazing adj.令人惊异的；惊人的
②过去分词短语considered the most modern in space作a space station的后置定语。
③过去分词短语described as ...作状语。
④enormous [I'n??m?s]adj.巨大的；庞大的
⑤imitate ['ImIteIt]vt.模仿；仿造
⑥up-to-date adj.最新的；时尚的
up to date最新的；时尚的
out of date过时的
⑦moveable ['mu?v?bl]adj.可移动的；活动的
我看到了奇妙的东西
[第1段译文]
我首先参观的是一个太空站，这个站被认为是太空中最现代化的地方。太空站像一个巨大的圆盘，在太空中缓缓地旋转，以模仿地心的引力。太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。有个导游带领我们站在一条移动的运送带上，到各处参观。
G：Good morning to all our visitors from 2008.First we're going to examine one of the latest forms of communication among our space citizens⑧. No more typists⑨ working on a typewriter⑩ or computer！No more postage? or postcodes?！ Messages can now be sent using a “thoughtpad”?. You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button?， think your message and the next instant? it's sent. It's stored on the “thoughtpad” of the receiver?. It's quick, efficient? and environmentally friendly?. The only limitation is if the user does not think his or her message clearly, an unclear message may be sent.But we cannot blame the tools for the faults of the user, can we?
During the explanation I looked at the pair of small objects called “thoughtpads”? on a table.They just looked like metal ribbons?. So ordinary but so powerful! While I was observing them, the path moved us on.
⑧citizen['sItIzn]n．公民；居民；市民
⑨typist['taIpIst]n．打字员
⑩typewriter['taIp?raIt?]n．打字机
?postage['p??stId?]n．邮资
?postcode['p??stk??d]n．邮政编码
?现在分词短语using a “thoughtpad”作方式状语。
?button['b?tn]n．按钮；纽扣
?instant['Inst?nt]n．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的
?receiver[rI'si?v?]n．接受者；接收器；电话听筒
?efficient [I'fI?nt]adj.效率高的；有能力的
?environmentally friendly环保的
?过去分词短语called “thoughtpads”作后置定语，修饰objects。
?ribbon ['rIb?n]n．丝带；带状物
[第2～3段译文]
导游：从2008年来访的朋友们，早上好！首先，我们要查看一种我们太空居民使用的最新的通讯方式。再也不需要打字员在打字机或电脑上工作了！再也不需要邮费和邮政编码了！现在我们可以通过一种“思想仪”来发送信息。你把金属带放在头上，排除杂念，按下发送按钮，然后想着你要发送的信息，刹那间信息就发出去了。它被存储在接受者的“思想仪”里。它快捷、高效，而且环保。唯一的缺点是，如果使用者没有想清楚要发送的信息的话，发送出去的信息就可能是模糊的。但我们不能将使用者的这一过错归咎于工具本身，不是吗？
在导游解说之际，我看了看桌子上这副被称为“思想仪”的小东西。它们看上去像金属丝带。如此普通却又如此神通广大！当我还在观察它们时，运送带又载着我们向前移动了。
G：And now ladies and gentlemen, we are in the “environment area”. People used to collect waste in dustbins. Then the rubbish was sent to be buried or burned, am I right? (Wenodded.)Well，now there's a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. A giant machine，always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available.The rubbish is turned into several grades of useful material， such as “fertilizer” for the fields and “soil” for deserts.Nothing is wasted, and everything, even plastic bags, is recycled. A great idea, isn't it?
I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. But again we moved on.
used to collect waste in dustbins过去常常用垃圾箱收集废物，暗含现在不做了。
dustbin ['d?stbIn]n．垃圾箱
where至句末为定语从句，修饰a system，其中using至句末为方式状语。
dispose [dI'sp??z]vt.布置；安排
dispose of处理；消除；解决
ecology[I'k?l?d?I]n．生态；生态学
greedy['ɡri?dI]adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
swallow['sw?l??]vt.吞下；咽下
turn into(使)变成，此处为被动语态。
material[m?'tI?rI?l]n．原料；材料
recycle[?ri?'saIkl]vt.回收利用；再利用
efficiency [I'fI?nsI]n．效率；功效，with efficiency有效地
[第4～5段译文]
导游：女士们，先生们，现在我们到了“环保地带”。人们过去常用垃圾箱收集废弃物，然后这些垃圾会被掩埋或焚烧，对不对？?我们点点头。?那么，现在有一种系统，能利用生态学原理来处理废弃物。一台巨型机器，能把所有可获得的废弃物都吞进去，而且总是贪得无厌。垃圾被转化成几种有用的材料，如用于耕地的“肥料”和用于沙漠的“土壤”。什么都不浪费，所有的东西，哪怕是塑料袋也被循环利用了。绝妙的创意，不是吗？?我注视着这台转动的垃圾分解机器模型，被它的高效所吸引。但是，我们又开始向前移动了。
G：Our third stop shows the changes that have happened to work practices. Manufacturing no longer takes place on the earth but on space stations like this one.A group of engineers programme robots to perform tasks in space.The robots produce goods such as drugs, clothes, furniture, hovering carriages, etc. There is no waste, no pollution and no environmental damage！However, the companies have to train their representatives to live and work in space settlements. They have to monitor the robots and the production.When the goods are ready they're transported by industrial spaceship back to earth.
My mind began to wander. What job would I do？My motivation increased as I thought of the wonderful world of the future.
that至句末为定语从句，修饰the changes。
manufacture [?m?nj?'f?kt??]vt.(用机器)大量生产；成批制造，此处为动名词作主语。
programme vt.(计算机)编程；设计；安排 n．程序
perform vt.执行；上演
goods[ɡ?dz]n．货物，仅有复数形式，不可用数词直接修饰。
etc [It'set?r?]abbr.诸如此类；等等，etcetera的缩写形式。
representative[?reprI'zent?tIv]n．代表；典型人物 adj.典型的；有代表性的
settlement['setlm?nt]n．定居；解决
monitor vt.监管 n．显示器；班长
wander v．游；走神；徘徊
motivation[?m??tI'veI?n]n．动机
as I thought of the wonderful world of ...为as引导的时间状语从句。
[第6～7段译文]
导游：第三站要展示给我们的是发生在生产实践中的一些变化。批量生产不再在地球上进行，而是转移到了这样的太空站里。在太空中，一组工程师给机器人设计了程序让它们完成工作。机器人生产像药品、衣服、家具和气垫车之类的货物。没有废弃物，没有污染，也没有对环境的危害！但是，这些公司必须训练他们的代表来空间站生活和工作。他们必须监视机器人及其生产。货物生产出来之后，就被工业宇宙飞船运回地球。?我的思绪开始漫游。我能做些什么工作呢？当我想到未来世界的美好前景时，我兴趣倍增。
Step 1 Read the text and answer the following questions.
1．What did the writer see on the space station?
①a_“thoughtpad”
②a_waste_machine
③manufacturing_robots
2．Why does the space station spin slowly in space?
To_imitate_the_pull_of_the_earth's_gravity.
3．Who will take the place of the workers in the 31st century?
The_robots.
Step 2 Choose the best answers according to the text.
1．The most up-to-date inventions of the ________ century are on exhibition.
A．31st B．41st
C．21st D．51st
2．People in the future communicate with each other by using ________.
A．computer B．typewriter
C．letters D．a “thoughtpad”
3．Rubbish will be dealt with by ________.
A．burying it B．burning it
C．throwing it away D．a giant machine which can swallow it
4．If the user doesn't think his or her message clearly, ________ may be sent.
A．an unclear message B．a right message
C．a wrong message D．a useless message
5．In the future, there will be no ________ in the wonderful world.
A．waste B．pollution
C．environmental damage D．all of the above
答案：1～5 ADDAD
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1．mudn． 泥(浆)
2．desertn. 沙漠；荒原
3．citizenn. 公民；居民；市民
4．buttonn. 纽扣；按钮
5．swallowvt. 吞下；咽下
6．materialn. 原料；材料
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．ecologyn．生态(学)→ecologist n．生态学家→ecological adj.生态的
2．recyclevt.回收利用；再利用→recycling n．回收利用；回收的物品→recyclable adj.可循环的
3．representativen．代表；典型人物 adj.有代表性的；典型的→represent v．代表
4．settlementn．定居；解决→settle v．定居；解决→settler n．移居者；拓荒者
5．motivationn．动机→motivate vt.激发；激励
6．instantn．瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的→instantly adv.立即；马上
1.goods n．货物
[联想] 以-s/-es结尾的名词集锦
①ashes灰烬 ②remains遗骸
③arms武器 ④fireworks烟火
⑤thanks感谢 ⑥congratulations祝贺
⑦brains智力 ⑧belongings财产；所有物
⑨surroundings环境 ⑩earnings挣的钱
2．greed n．贪婪；贪心→greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
[联想] “n.＋-y”构成的形容词荟萃
①rain n．→rainy adj. 下雨的
②snow n．→snowy adj. 下雪的
③wind n．→windy adj. 刮风的
④fun n．→funny adj. 有趣的
⑤guilt n．→guilty adj. 有罪的
⑥health n．→healthy adj. 健康的
⑦luck n．→lucky adj. 幸运的
⑧mud n．→muddy adj. 泥泞的
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.on_earth 究竟
2．speed_up 加速
3．in_space在太空里
4．show_sb._around/round带领某人参观
5．blame_sb._for因……而责怪某人
6．used_to_do过去常常做某事
7．stare_at 盯；凝视
8．be_absorbed_by 被……所吸引
1.be described as ... 被描述成……
2．the most up-to-date inventions 最前沿的发明
3．the sending button 发送按钮
4．be stored on ... 被存储在……
5．environmentally friendly 环保的
6．the principles of ecology 生态学原理
7．all the waste available 所有能获得的废弃物
8．space creatures 太空生物
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.That is why we persuade families not to lose sight of the advantages that come from a period of time in space.
那就是为什么我们要劝说家人不要忽视在太空工作一段时间所带来的好处。
That is why ...那就是为什么……；why在句中引导表语从句。
I read about your reform of the school English newspaper, and that's_why_I'm_writing_to_voice_my_opinion.
我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是为什么我写信发表观点。
2.Inside was an exhibition of the most up-to-date inventions of the 31st century.
太空站里展出了31世纪一些最前沿的发明。
地点状语放于句首，句子使用全部倒装。
In_front_of_our_house_stands_a_tall_tree with a history of 1,000 years, which is protected by the government now.
在我们房子的前面有一棵1 000年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。
1．(教材P20)When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up, we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go.
当我们想让气垫车加速时，我们就用力踏驱动踏板，并且向想去的方向俯身。
?speed up加速
①Obviously, a good learning habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.
(2013·四川高考书面表达)
显而易见，一个好的学习习惯能帮助我们加快我们达到目标的速度。
at a speed of ... 以……速度
pick up speed 逐渐加速
②This flight is now heading for Paris at_a_speed_of 1,000 kilometres an hour.
这次飞行现在正以每小时一千公里的速度向巴黎进发。
③I began to pick up speed, but suddenly I realized I had forgotten how to stop.
我开始逐渐加速，但我突然意识到我忘了该怎么停下来。
[名师点津] speed的过去式、过去分词有两种形式：speeded, speeded 或sped, sped；speed up的反义短语为slow down“放慢速度”。
2．(教材P22)You place the metal band over your head, clear your mind, press the sending button, think your message and the next instant it's sent.
你把金属带放在头上，排除杂念，按下发送按钮，然后想着你要发送的信息，刹那间信息就发出去了。
?instant n．瞬间；片刻adj.立即的；立刻的
(1)the instant 一……就……
in an instant 立刻
for an instant 顷刻；一瞬间
(2)instantly adv. 立即；即刻
conj. 一……就……
①It can provide students with instant feedback, including reports about their strengths and weaknesses.(2015·安徽高考)
它能够给学生提供即时反馈，包括关于他们优势和不足的报告。
②The boss wanted the job done in an instant.
老板要求这个工作立刻做完。
③I recognized her instantly (instant) I saw her.
我一眼就认出是她。
3．(教材P22)A giant machine, always greedy for more, swallows all the waste available.
一台巨型机器，能把所有能获得的废弃物都吞进去，而且总是贪得无厌。
?greedy adj.贪吃的；贪婪的；贪心的
be greedy for sth. 对……贪婪
be greedy to do sth. 渴望做某事
be greedy of 贪婪的
①The students are greedy for knowledge.
学生们对知识如饥似渴。
②Tom is greedy to_do (do) his homework to have a comfortable holiday.
汤姆急着做家庭作业是为了有一个轻松的假期。
③It was greedy of them to take such bribes.
他们收受了那些贿赂，真是贪婪。
That is why we persuade families not to lose sight of the advantages that come from a period of time in space.
那就是为什么我们要劝说家人不要忽视在太空工作一段时间所带来的好处。
That/This/It is why ... 表示“那/这就是为什么……”，why 引导表语从句。
①That is why fish prefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer.
(2015·广东高考)
那就是为什么鱼类喜欢浅水而不是深水的原因——前者更温暖些。
It/This/That is because ... 这/那就是因为……
The reason why ... is/was that ... ……的原因是……
②Maybe it's because we have seldom sat down and exchanged our feelings and thoughts.
那可能是因为我们很少坐下来交流思想感情。
③The reason why he wasn't admitted into a key university was that his grades were too low.
他没有被重点大学录取的原因是他的分数太低。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The car slowed down at the turning, so I speeded up to catch up with it.
2．The instant the president declared the celebration open, the crowd cheered.
3．He is addicted to computer games, and that is why he has to drop out of school.
4．It was greedy of them to eat up all the candy.
5．The haze (雾霾) happens so frequently that we are greedy to_enjoy (enjoy) the sunshine whenever possible.
6．Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away fled the thief.
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．How did the accident come about since he drove at_a_speed_of sixty miles per hour?
2．In_an_instant,_he took off his coat and jumped into the water to save the drowning boy.
3．He has to stay at home. This_is_because he has a bad cold.
4．It's bad manners to stare_at others for a long time.
5．Absorbed_by the beauty of Zhangjiajie, she wanted to visit it again the next year.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The programme brought an instant (立刻的) response.
2．He looked at the gold with greedy (贪婪的) eyes.
3．Learning English requires a lot of motivation (动机); otherwise, one will lose interest in it.
4．There is little doubt that recycling (再利用) is good for the environment.
5．Jane was soon swallowed (吞没) up in the crowd.
6．A tall building was put up where there used to be a desert (沙漠)．
7．He is a representative (代表) of a large steel company.
8．With the government's aid, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements (定居点)．
9．A new series of simple English reading materials (材料)for middle school students has come out this year.
10．The animal is part of nature. If they were separated from human, we wouldn't be able to keep the ecology (生态) balance.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The train picked speed and soon disappeared in my line of sight.picked后加up
2．It is so greedy for you to leave none of the cake for everyone else.第一个for→of
3．Instant the hero turned up at the meeting, the audience applauded.Instant→Instantly
4．The reason why he was absent from the meeting was because he was delayed by the accident.because→that
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．They are broadening the bridge to_speed_up the flow of traffic.
他们正在拓宽大桥，以加速车流。
2．Please send me an e-mail the_instant/instantly_you_reach_Yunnan.
请你一到云南就给我发电子邮件。
3．Mary is_greedy_to_learn more knowledge.
玛丽渴望学习更多的知识。
4．The deadline is drawing near. This_is_why we are very busy.
最后期限要到了。这就是为什么我们很忙。
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．This dictionary will look nice when printed (print)．
2．Satisfied (satisfy) with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.
3．Though warned (warn) of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields.
4．Moved (move) by her fans, she said she would work harder.
5．Explained (explain) a hundred times, the problem still can't be understood.
6．When exposed (expose) to danger and conflict, men tend to increase blood pressure, feeling (feel) nervous or anxious.
7．Devoted (devote) to his scientific work, he has no time to care for his family affairs, which his wife always complains about.
8．Written (write) carelessly, your composition is full of mistakes.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took_up_her_job as a doctor in the countryside.
在一所医科大学就读了五年后，简开始在乡下从事医生工作。
2．She has_always_been_surrounded_with/by many fashionable friends.
她周围总有许多爱赶时髦的朋友。
3．As taxpayers, they felt that they could no longer tolerate_not_having a say in the government.
作为纳税人，他们对于在政府没有发言权感到难以容忍。
4．A diet lacking_in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.
缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。
5．When I looked up, I lost_sight_of the famous actor.
当我抬起头时，已看不见那位著名的演员了。
6．Some methods of preserving food are_easy_to_understand.
有些保存食物的方法很容易理解。
7．She looks as_though/if_she_were_ten_years_younger.
她看起来好像年轻了10岁。
8．There might have been two main reasons contributing_to/leading_to_the_disaster.
对于这场灾难也许有两个主要原因。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Some people are pessimistic (悲观的) when they think about the future. They say that, a hundred years from now, we will have used most of the earth's resources. We will have polluted our seas badly, and be unable to eat fish from them. We will have made the air so dirty that we will need to wear masks. The world's population will have doubled, and we will have used all the countryside for housing; there will be no farmland left.
Other people believe that man adapts very easily. They have a different idea of the future. How, in their views, will people be living in a hundred years' time?
One architect (建筑师) believes that man will move off the land. He suggests that the city of the future will be a huge, pyramid-shaped (金字塔形的) building, which will be floating on the surface of the sea. About 5,000 families will be living there, and the building will contain shops and schools as well as homes. By living on the sea, we will give farmers more land to grow crops.
As for oil, people will no longer need it: we will be heating our homes with power from the sun. And we will not be short of minerals, because there are plenty under our oceans. At the moment, we do not have the technology to get them out. But, in a hundred years' time, the optimists say, the new sea cities will be using these resources.
What will be in the shops in the year 3000? What will people be wearing? How will people be traveling?
Scientists who make predictions about the future suggest that, by the year 3000, shops will no longer exist. Computers will have replaced them; and people will order goods from home.
People will be wearing very light, thin clothes. By this time, scientists will have invented a fabric (织物) that keeps us cool in hot weather and warm in cold weather.
As for travel, the experts say that most people will be using public transport. Electric cars will be traveling through the streets day and night. Anybody will be able to stop one and use it.
An interesting picture. Unfortunately, we will not be there to see if these predictions come true.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了人们对未来生活的不同看法以及人们对未来生活的预测。
1．Pessimists believe that in the future ________.
A．the seas and oceans will be full of houses
B．we'll have used up all the resources
C．we will not have enough fish to eat from the seas
D．we will have polluted the air so badly that it will be impossible for us to breathe
解析：选D 细节理解题。由文章第一段的第四句“We will have made ... to wear masks.”可知，悲观的人认为一百年之后，因为空气受到严重污染，人们必须要戴着面具，故D项正确。A项是一位建筑师的假想，不符合题干要求；B项应为大部分资源被用完而非全部；C项应为海水因受到污染导致鱼不能食用，故排除。
2．Optimists suggest that in the future ________.
A．all the land will be too polluted to be cropped on
B．pyramids will be most commonly-used houses
C．people will be using the power from the sun instead of oil
D．we will be short of materials even though we get them from under the oceans
解析：选C 细节理解题。由文章第四段第一句可知，人们将不再使用石油，而是利用太阳能来取暖。其他选项与原文不符。
3．Scientists have made the predictions EXCEPT ________.
A．electric cars will be going along the streets continuously
B．the resources under the oceans will never be used up
C．people will order goods from home
D．people won't suffer from cold any longer
解析：选B 细节理解题。文章最后四段是科学家的推测。倒数第二段第二句提到日夜运作的电车；倒数第四段末句提到人们将在家中订购物品；倒数第三段末句提到新发明的织物会使我们觉得冬暖夏凉；只有B项文中未提及。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Many people believe that they just have bad memories, and that there's little they can do to improve their memories, __1__ is actually not true. There are many ways to improve memory when your __2__ (able) to remember seems poor.
As far as exercising is concerned, aerobic exercises (有氧运动) like walking, biking, swimming, and dancing are probably the most helpful. These improve your memory by __3__ (give) you more oxygen, and oxygen is __4__ brain cells grow healthily upon.
There is another thing that you need to pay attention to: enough sleep. A recent study __5__ (do) among students suggested that those who often stay up generally have __6__ (low) grade point averages than those who get enough sleep before tests, where “enough” is defined as __7__ least eight hours a night.
Though your brain is not a muscle, it __8__ (usual) works like one. You must keep using it and testing it __9__ (keep) your memory sharp. Give yourself tests and challenges, like memorizing short poems and bits of information. Reading is also __10__ good way to stay mentally active, which is important for improving memory.
语篇解读：本文介绍了提高记忆力的几种方法。
1．which 考查关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句内容，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
2．ability 考查名词。设空处前有your限定，故填ability。
3．giving 考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词by的宾语，故填giving。
4．what 考查连接词。设空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作介词upon的宾语，指物，故填what。
5．done 考查过去分词作定语的用法。设空处作后置定语修饰study，因do与study之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且do所表示的动作已完成，故填done。
6．lower 考查形容词的比较级。由语境及后面的than可知，此处表示比较，故填lower。
7．at 考查介词。at least意为“至少”。
8．usually 考查副词。设空处作状语修饰works，故填副词usually。
9．to keep 考查不定式作状语的用法。设空处作状语，表目的，You与keep之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且keep所表示的动作尚未发生，故填to keep。
10．a 考查不定冠词。way是单数可数名词，且在此表泛指，故填a。
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U3【E】含答案
一、写作技巧
对未来生活的描述属于记叙文，以描写为主。
未来生活的变化是方方面面的，在叙述过程中，我们可以从多个方面着手，把未来生活发生的变化有序地写下来；或者只选择某一个领域，着重介绍一下该领域的变化；也可以根据表达的需要截取某一个片段或想象的生活场景，通过生动细致的描绘，反映未来生活的变化。
二、增分佳句
1．What life will be like in the future?
2．With the development of ..., our life ...
3．My life in the future will be ...
4．I think my life will be very different in ... years.
5．It's possible to predict ...
6．People in the future will be able to ...
7．I hope I'll work in ...
8．I'll be able to work from home.
9．In my free time/On my holidays, I'll ...
10．It will be more comfortable, more computerized and more convenient ...
11．As ... is/are invented, it is possible to ...
12．In a word, life in the future will be ...
[题目要求]
10年后我们的生活将会是什么样的？根据以下内容，通过合理想象，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文来展望未来的生活。
要点：
1．有些人到月球上度假。
2．某些科学家在海底生活。
3．孩子可以在家通过因特网接受教育。
4．机器人为你做家务。
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为想象类作文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第三人称；
3．确定时态：主要使用一般将来时。
二、构思
第一部分，以对未来生活的向往引入话题。
第二部分，从到月球上度假，在海底生活，通过因特网接受教育，机器人做家务等四个方面详细介绍未来生活模式。
第三部分，对未来生活的期盼和向往。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．dream_about/of 梦想……
2．go_to_the_moon_for_a_holiday 去月球度假
3．live_under_the_sea 在海底生活
4．needn't_go_to_school 没有必要去学校
5．study_at_home 在家中学习
6．come_true 变成现实
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1．或许有些人会去月球上度假。(主谓结构)
Perhaps_some_people_will_go_to_the_moon_for_a_holiday.
2．某些科学家将在海底生活。(主谓结构)
Some_scientists_will_live_under_the_sea.
3．网上有充足的教育资源。 (There be句型；将来时)
There'll_be_plenty_of_educational_programmes_on_the_Internet.
4．孩子没有必要天天去学校。(主谓结构)
Children_needn't_go_to_school_every_day.
5．他们可以在家中学习。(主谓结构)
They_can_study_at_home.
6．或许将来每个家庭会有机器人。(主谓宾结构)
Maybe_in_the_future_each_family_will_have_a_robot.
7．它们可以做它们被告诉的一切，如购物、做家务等。(主谓宾结构；whatever引导的宾语从句；such as举例说明)
They_can_do_whatever_they_are_told_to,_such_as_shopping,_housework.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用连词and连接句1、2
Perhaps_some_people_will_go_to_the_moon_for_a_holiday,_and_some_scientists_will_live_under_the_sea.
2．用with的复合结构改写句3，然后和句4合并成一个简单句
With_plenty_of_educational_programmes_on_the_Internet，children_needn't_go_to_school_every_day.
3．用as a result连接升级后的3、4句和句5
With_plenty_of_educational_programmes_on_the_Internet，children_needn't_go_to_school_every_day;_as_a_result,_they_can_study_at_home.
4．以句6为主句，然后用which引导的定语从句改写句7
Maybe_in_the_future_each_family_will_have_a_robot,_which_can_do_whatever_they_are_told_to,_such_as_shopping，housework._
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
I_am_always_dreaming_about_life_in_the_future._What_on_earth_will_it_be_like?
Perhaps_some_people_will_go_to_the_moon_for_a_holiday,_and_some_scientists_will_live_under_the_sea._With_plenty_of_educational_programmes_on_the_Internet,_children_needn't_go_to_school_every_day;_as_a_result,_they_can_study_at_home._Maybe_in_the_future_each_family_will_have_a_robot,_which_can_do_whatever_they_are_told_to,_such_as_shopping，housework._
I_do_believe_the_dream_will_come_true_some_day.
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U3【F】含答案
I took up a job in a company previously.However, for lack of experience, I couldn't tolerate the pressure; as a result, I lost the job.I was uncertain what I could do next.At that time a bad idea swept up to me constantly that I want to die.I realized I had slid into a hard time when I couldn't make an adjustment by myself.One day, a story on the Internet made a strong impression on me when I was at first sight of it, which was about a disabled girl.She said, “Although I am disabled, I am still grateful to everything, as they give me the precious life.I believe I can always find the settlement to everything however difficult the trouble is.So I am optimistic.”
Those words refreshed me in an instant.It guided me to a new life.
我先前在一个公司从事一项工作。然而由于缺乏经验，我无法忍受压力，结果我失业了。我不确定我下一步能做什么。在那时，一个想去死的糟糕念头不断地在我脑海里闪现。我意识到我已经不知不觉地陷入到一个艰难的时期，我不能自己去做出调整。一天，当我第一次看到网上的一则关于一个残疾女孩的故事时，它给我留下了深刻的印象。她说到：“虽然我残疾了，我仍然对一切事物充满感激，因为他们给予我珍贵的生命。我相信总是能够找到一切事情的解决方法，不管有多么困难。所以我很乐观。”
这些话使我瞬间振作起来。它指引我走向新的人生。
