2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U4【A】含答案
Newspapers
?The printed newspaper first appeared in 1450 in Europe.
?The daily was published for the first time in 1650.
?News of Frankfort (《法兰克福新闻》) published in
1615 is regarded as the first “real newspaper”.
?Wai zhong xin bao (《外中新报》) was the first published
Chinese newspaper in 1858. It was established in Hong Kong.
TV
John Logie Baird, the Scottish inventor, obtained the world's
first real television picture in his laboratory in October, 1925, and
showed it to the British public on January 26, 1926. He is
remembered as the father of mechanical (机械式) television.
Websites
?The story of the Internet begins in the late 1950s. The Pentagon
set up a research team in 1958 to create a computer network to
operate during disasters like a nuclear war.
?In 1985, the National Science Foundation created a network
which provided a free national service to any U．S. research and
education institution. All those networks finally joined the
Pentagon's network to form the Internet.
?In the 1990s, anyone with a computer, a modern, and Internet
software could link up to the Internet.
Section_Ⅰ Warming Up & Reading — Pre-reading
MY FIRST WORK ASSIGNMENT①
“Unforgettable②”， says new journalist③
Never will Zhou Yang (ZY)forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life④ as a journalist.
HX：Welcome.We're delighted⑤ you're coming⑥ to work with us.Your first job here will be an assistant⑦ journalist. Do you have any questions?
ZY：Can I go out on⑧ a story immediately?
HX：(laughing) That's admirable⑨， but I'm afraid it would be unusual⑩！ Wait till you're more experienced.First we'll put you as? an assistant to an experienced journalist.Later you can cover? a story and submit? the article yourself.
ZY：Wonderful.What do I need to take with me？I already have a notebook and camera.
①assignment[?'saInm?nt]n．任务；分配
②unforgettable[??nf?'ɡet?bl]adj.难忘的；永远记得的
③journalist['d???n?lIst]n．记者；新闻工作者
④was to do sth.在此处表示“必将/注定做某事”。
⑤delighted[dI'laItId]adj.快乐的；欣喜的
be delighted (that) ...对……感到高兴
⑥are coming为现在进行时，表示将来。
⑦assistant[?'sIst?nt]n．助手；助理；售货员
⑧on prep.在从事……；处于……情况中
⑨admirable['?dm?r?bl]adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的
⑩unusual[?n'ju????l]adj.不同寻常的；独特的
?put ... as ...把……视为/列为……
?cover vt.采访；报道；覆盖
?submit[s?b'mIt]vt.递交；呈递(文件等)(常与to连用)
我的第一项工作任务“难以忘怀”，新记者说
[以上部分译文]
周阳永远不会忘记他在一家很受欢迎的英语报社的第一项工作任务。他同新上司胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生重大的影响。
胡：欢迎你。非常高兴你来和我们一起工作。你在这里首先是当助理记者。有什么问题吗？
周：我可以马上外出采访吗？
胡：(笑)值得表扬，但是恐怕这样就不太合乎常规了！等到你比较有经验以后才行。首先我们要派你给有经验的记者做助手。以后你就可以自己采访新闻，提交新闻稿了。
周：太棒了。我需要带什么？我已经有一个笔记本和一部相机了。
HX：No need for a camera. You'll have a professional? photographer? with you to take photographs?. You'll find your colleagues? very eager? to assist? you, so you may be able to concentrate on? photography later if you're interested.
ZY：Thank you. Not only am I interested in photography，but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
HX：Good.
ZY：What do I need to remember when I go out to cover a story?
HX：You need to be curious. Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.We say a good journalist must have a good “nose” for a story.That means you must be able to assess when people are not telling the whole truth and then try to discover it. They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.
?professional[pr?'fe??nl]adj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员，profession [pr?'fe?n]n．职业；专业
?photographer [f?'t?ɡr?f?]n．摄影师
?photograph['f??t?ɡrɑ?f]n．照片 vt.给……照相
?colleague['k?li?ɡ]n．同事
?eager['i?ɡ?]adj.渴望的；热切的
be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
?assist[?'sIst]vt.帮助；协助；援助
?concentrate['k?ns?ntreIt] on集中；全神贯注于
photography [f?'t?ɡr?fI]n．摄影
amateur['?m?t?]n．业余爱好者
course n．[C]课程；进程；过程
update [??p'deIt]vt.更新；使现代化
Not only＋部分倒装句，but (also)＋陈述语序。
acquire[?'kwaI?]vt.获得；取得；学到
only＋if/when引导的状语从句置于句首时，主句用部分倒装语序。
have a good “nose” for对……有敏锐的“嗅觉”
assess[?'ses]vt.评估；评定 (＝judge)
inform[In'f??m]vt.告知；通知
inform sb. of sth.告知某人某事
[以上部分译文]
胡：不需要相机。你将带上一名专业摄影师去拍照。你将发现你的同事们会很热情地帮助你，因此如果你对摄影感兴趣，也许以后你可以集中精力去研究它。
周：谢谢你。对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余摄影课来更新我的摄影技术。
胡：很好。
周：我外出采访时还需要记住些什么呢？
胡：你需要保持好奇心。只有提很多不同的问题，你才能获得你需要的信息。我们说，一个好的记者必须对新闻有非常敏锐的“嗅觉”。那就是说，在人们还没有说出全部真相之前，记者就要能够作出判断，并力求发现真相。他们必须通过调查研究来获悉被遗漏的那部分情况。
ZY：What should I keep in mind？
HX：Here comes my list of dos and don'ts：don't miss your deadline， don't be rude, don't talk too much, but make sure you listen to the interviewee carefully.
ZY：Why is listening so important?
HX：Well，you have to listen for detailed facts.Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending onwhat the person says.
ZY：But how can I listen carefully while taking notes？
HX：This is a trick of the trade. If the interviewee agrees, you can use a recorder to get the facts straight. It's also useful if a person wants to challenge you.You have the evidence to support your story.
ZY：I see！Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick？
keep (sth.) in mind记住(某事)，句中what为keep的宾语。
deadline['dedlaIn]n．最后期限
interviewee [?Int?vju?'i?]n．参加面试者；接受采访者
interviewer n．面试者；采访者
detailed adj.详细的；细致的；精细的
meanwhile['mi?nwaIl]adv.其间；同时
depend on依靠；依赖，此处用现在分词短语作状语。
what the person says为宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。
take notes做记录；记笔记
a trick of the trade行业诀窍，trade此处意为“行业，职业”。
get the facts straight澄清是非；把事实弄得准确无误
challenge vt.对……提出质疑；挑战
case[keIs]n．情况；病例；案例
accuse ... of因……指责或控告……
accuse[?'kju?z]vt.指责；谴责；控告
get the wrong end of the stick完全误解；弄错
[以上部分译文]
周：我还要注意些什么呢？
胡：下面是我的行为准则：不要超过最后期限，不可对人粗鲁，不可自己说得太多，务必认真倾听被采访人的回答。
周：为什么倾听这么重要呢？
胡：你得听清楚事实的细节。同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。
周：但是我在做记录的同时如何仔细倾听呢？
胡：这就是我们职业的诀窍了。如果被采访人允许，你可以使用录音机录下全部事实。如果有人提出质疑，这也有用。你就有证据来支持你的报道。
周：我明白了！你有没有遇到过这种情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？
HX：Yes, but it was a long time ago.This is how the story goes. A footballer was accused of taking money for deliberately not scoring goalsso as to let the other team win.We went to interview him. He denied taking money but we were sceptical. So we arranged an interview between the footballer and the man supposed to bribe him.When we saw them together we guessed from the footballer's body language that he was not telling the truth.So we wrote an article suggesting he was guilty.It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.He tried to stop us publishing it but later we were proved right.
ZY：Wow！That was a real “scoop”．I'm looking forward to my first assignment now.Perhaps I'll get a scoop too!
HX：Perhaps you will.You never know.
go vi.流传；表达；进展
deliberately[dI'lIb?r?tlI]adv.故意地
score goals进球
so as to (do sth.)为了做……，作目的状语。
deny [dI'naI]vt.否认；拒绝
sceptical['skeptIkl]adj.怀疑的(?美?skeptical)
guilty['ɡIltI]adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的
dilemma[dI'lem?]n．(进退两难的)困境；窘境
demand[dI'mɑ?nd]n．需求；要求 vt.强烈要求
publish['p?blI?]vt.出版；发行；发表；公布
prove sb. (to be) ＋adj./n.证明某人……
scoop [sku?p]n．抢先获得的新闻、利润等；勺子；铲子[以上部分译文]
胡：有，不过这是很久以前的事了。事情是这样的：一位足球运动员被指控受贿，故意不进球，好让别的队赢球。我们去采访了他。他否认受贿，但我们很怀疑。因此我们为足球运动员和那个被认为行贿的人安排了一场采访。当我们看见他们在一起时，从足球运动员的身体语言我们猜出他没有说出真相。所以我们写了一篇文章暗示他曾受贿。这陷入了一个窘境，因为如果我们错了，这位足球运动员就可以向我们索要赔偿。他试图阻止我们公布该消息，但后来我们被证明是对的。
周：哇！那真是独家新闻。我现在盼望得到第一个任务。或许我也能找到独家新闻！
胡：你也许会。谁知道呢。
Pre-reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．delighted A．help someone
2．admirable B．strange; not happening often
3．unusual C．give a plan, piece of writing etc.to someone in authority for them to consider or approve
4．assist D．worthy of admiration
5．submit E．very pleased; happy
6．profession F．wanting very much to do something
7．eager G．decide or fix the value of (sth.)
8．update H．gain sth.by your own efforts, ability or behaviour
9．acquire I．a job; an occupation which needs special training
10．assess J．bring sth.up to date; modernize
11．inform K．feeling ashamed
12．meanwhile L．say strongly that you must have sth.
13．guilty M．give information or knowledge to
14．demand N．at the same time
1～5 ________ 6～10 ________ 11～14 ________
答案：1～5 EDBAC 6～10 IFJHG 11～14 MNKL
Lead-in
How do you know what is happening around us or even abroad?
While-reading
Fast-reading
1．What is the purpose of the writer to write the passage?
To show us the necessary skills to become a good reporter.
2．Match each section with their main meanings according to the duties of a journalist.
①Section 1 A．to protect a story from accusations
②Section 2 B．to get an accurate story
③Section 3 C．to work in a team
①________ ②________ ③________
答案：①C ②B ③A
Careful-reading
Read the text and choose the best answers.
1．Which one is FALSE about “what a reporter needs to remember when going out to cover a story？”
A．He needs to be curious.
B．A good reporter must have a camera.
C．He has to listen to the detailed facts.
D．If necessary he can use a recorder.
2．“A good reporter must have a ‘nose’ for a story.” probably means a reporter ________.
A．has a sense about what is going to happen
B．is able to hide a story that may reflect badly on him
C．is able to ask the truth from the one who is interviewed
D．covers a whole story from the interviewee
3．According to Hu Xin, which statement doesn't belong to the list of don'ts?
A．Don't miss the deadline.
B．Don't talk too much.
C．Don't be rude.
D．Don't take any notes while listening.
4．Why can not Zhou Yang go out on a story at once?
A．Because he is not experienced yet.
B．Because he can't get a scoop.
C．Because he is not curious enough.
D．Because he doesn't know the list of dos and don'ts.
答案：1～4 BADA
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Suppose you were to be a journalist for ChinaDaily, do you know what kinds of jobs they have?
[句式分析] 这是一个主从复合句。Suppose you were to be a journalist for ChinaDaily实际是一个条件状语从句，并采用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气；后面的do you know ...是主句。
[尝试翻译] 假设你要成为一名《中国日报》的记者，你知道他们有哪些工种吗？
2．You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you're interested.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 你将发现你的同事们会很热情地帮助你。因此如果你对摄影感兴趣，也许以后你可以集中精力去研究它。
3．Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
[句式分析] 本句中 not only ...but (also) ...连接两个并列分句，且 not only 后的分句采用了部分倒装结构。
[尝试翻译] 对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余摄影课来更新我的摄影技术。
4．Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.
[句式分析] 本句是倒装句，其正常语序是You will acquire all the information you need to know only if you ask many different questions.。
[尝试翻译] 只有提很多不同的问题，你才能获得你需要的信息。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The first newspapers were written by hand and put up on walls in public places. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC. In the 700s the world's first printed newspaper was published. Europe didn't have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany.
The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published once a week. The first daily English newspaper was the DailyCourant (《每日新闻》). It came out in March, 1702.
In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper. In 1704, John Campbell started TheBostonNewsletter (《波士顿新闻通讯》), the first newspaper published in the American colonies. By 1760, the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1,800 daily papers in the United States.
Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation (发行量) in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper YomiuriShimbun (《读卖新闻》). It sells more than 10 million copies every day.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了报纸的发展史。
1．The first regularly published newspaper in Europe was printed in ________.
A．England B．Germany
C．France D．Sweden
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“Europe didn't have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany.”可推知答案。
2．The first printed newspaper in America came out in ________.
A．Washington B．New York
C．Boston D．New Orleans
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段第一句“In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston.”可知选C。
3．Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A．The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam.
B．English language newspapers sell more than 10 million copies every day.
C．Europe didn't have a regularly published newspaper in 1608.
D．The first daily English newspaper came out in March, 1702.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由最后一段可知，日本的《读卖新闻》发行量每天超过10 000 000份，而不是英语报纸。
B
Newspapers are not nearly as popular today as they were in the past. There are not very many people who seriously read a newspaper every day. Most people only read the sports pages, the advice or the gossip columns,
the comics, and perhaps the classified advertisements. Most people don't take time to read real news. Newspapers attempt to catch the reader's interest with pictures and exciting headlines. These techniques are used on the front page because it is the first thing you see when you pick up the paper. The first page attracts attention and encourages the reader to look through the rest of the paper. This is why editors always look for a good first page story and a headline to make them stop and look. If the headline is horrible enough or frightening enough or wild enough, perhaps they will go on to read the front page. However, they may read the headlines, but that is all, then they turn to the sports page, or comics, or advertisements.
It seems that people do not want the news from a newspaper any more. They say they get the news on television now. More people watch television news because it is easier and more interesting than reading a newspaper. What about you? Do you read news from a newspaper? Do you think it is easier to get news from television? Or do you care about news at all? Would you mind if there were no news?
语篇解读：现如今网络的发展对纸质报纸的冲击很大。本文作者呼吁大家更多地关注报纸。
4．According to the passage, newspapers are ________.
A．more popular today
B．less popular today
C．as popular as before
D．getting more and more popular
解析：选B 细节理解题。关键是理解文章的第一句话，由此可知报纸的地位已不如从前。
5．According to the author, which of the following newspapers will most probably attract the reader's attention?
A．The ones with interesting pictures and exciting headlines on the front page.
B．The ones with sports news on the front page.
C．The ones with classified ads on the front page.
D．The ones with gossip columns on the front page.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第一段第五句可知，新闻往往用一些图片和令人感兴趣的标题来吸引读者注意。
6．According to the passage, most people read all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A．the sports page B．comics
C．advertisements D．real news
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第三、四句可以找到答案。
7．The author's attitude towards newspapers is ________.
A．sympathetic B．critical
C．negative D．undetermined
解析：选A 作者态度题。由文章的第一句话可知作者对报纸今非昔比的状况有点感慨，作者认为报纸应该受到人们更多的关注。
C
During an airport delay (延误) the man to the left, a Korean perhaps, starts talking to the man opposite, who might be Colombian, and soon they are chatting away in what seems to be English. But the native English speaker sitting between them cannot understand what they are saying.
The Korean and the Colombian are actually speaking Globish, the latest addition to the 6,800 languages that are said to be spoken across the world. Not that its inventor, Jean-Paul Nerrière, considers it a proper language.
“It is not a language; it is a tool，” he says. “A language is the vehicle of a culture. Globish doesn't want to be that at all.” It is a means of simplifying the English language and giving it rules so it can be understood by all.
Globish involves a vocabulary limited to 1,500 words, short sentences, basic grammar rules, and many hand gestures to get the point across. The word list goes from “able” to “zero”. “Niece and nephew are not included, but you can replace them with the children of my brother，” Nerrière says.
The seeds for Globish came about in the 1980s when Nerrière was working for IBM in Paris with colleagues of about 40 nationalities. At a meeting where they were to be addressed (演讲) by two Americans whose flight had been delayed, they started talking in their low-quality English. Then the Americans arrived and beyond their opening phrases, “Call me Jim，”“Call me Bill，” no one understood a word. And Jim and Bill, needless to say, did not understand the audience's English.
“My colleagues all, like me, spoke low-quality English. One might have a vocabulary of 2,000 words, another of 1,200 and not the same words. One of the things of interest in Globish is that with 1,500 words you can express everything. People all over the world will speak with the same limited vocabulary，” says Nerrière.
Nerrière believes that with 182 hours' learning the student should be able to communicate in Globish. It is not a pretty language — full of redundancies (冗语) — but Nerrière repeats that it is nothing but a tool. “It is not the language of great writers such as Shakespeare, Faulkner or Virginia Woolf，” he explains.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种只有1 500个单词的国际辅助语——全球语。
8．The native English speaker mentioned in the first paragraph ________.
A．knows the Colombian B．can't speak Globish
C．doesn't like chatting D．can speak Korean
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“But the native English speaker sitting between them cannot understand what they are saying.”可知，这个以英语为母语的人不懂全球语。
9．According to Nerrière, Globish is ________.
A．a proper language B．the vehicle of a culture
C．a means of communication D．the rule of the English language
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“It is not a language; it is a tool”和“It is a means ... so it can be understood by all.”可知，Nerrière认为全球语只是一种交流的工具。
10．Which of the following words can be used to describe the meeting in the 1980s?
A．Interesting. B．Amazing.
C．Unimportant. D．Unsuccessful.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Nerrière和他的同事们听不懂两个美国人的演讲，美国人也听不懂观众的英语，由此可见这次会议很不成功。
11．What can we learn about Globish?
A．It creates many new words.
B．It is very difficult to learn.
C．It doesn't require grammar rules.
D．It contains a list of 1,500 words.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Globish involves a vocabulary limited to 1,500 words”可知。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
For better grades — use your brain!
If you're like most students, you probably started this new school year with an air of determination to study harder. Now science can help you. Recent discoveries in brain research point to better ways to learn.
Think of the last time you looked up a number in the telephone book and dialed it. Could you remember that number five minutes later? Probably not! __1__ But if you can put the phone number into long-term memory, you'll remember that same phone number next week.
When you study, you transfer (转移) new information into long-term memory. Every time we learn something new, the structure of the brain actually changes, as we build new connections to information that we already know. __2__
Brain researchers have discovered three key points for better study.
◆__3__ Your brain can process only a limited amount of information at one time, so don't try to remember every detail. When studying a textbook, look for titles and headings to show you the main ideas.
◆Make the new brain connections stronger. __4__ This is the most powerful way to transfer information from short-term to long-term memory. Another way is drawing a picture of the information, to make the visual (视觉的) part of the brain active.
◆Give the new material time to soak in (渗入) — your brain has to build new physical connections. __5__ And cramming (突击式学习) the night before a big test doesn't help.
A．Try to make an effort.
B．That's because it's in your short-term memory.
C．We know we will need the information in the future.
D．Find the most important information and organize it.
E．One method is to recite the ideas out loud in your own words.
F．For this reason, it's better to study for several short periods than one long one.
G．When there are more connections to the new information, it's easier to find it again.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何使用大脑更好地学习。
1．选B 根据上文的“Probably not！”可知，五分钟以后你忘记了刚拨过的电话号码，那是因为这组号码是以短期记忆的形式被储存的。
2．选G G项中的“more connections to the new information”与上文中的“we learn something new ... we build new connections to information that we already know”相呼应。
3．选D 根据下文中的“don't try to remember every detail”可知，学习时应该是寻找最重要的信息。
4．选E 根据下文的“This is the most powerful way”和“Another way”可知，本段是大脑研究者提出的“Make the new brain connections stronger”的两种方法。
5．选F 本段的“Give the new material time to soak in”是对F项中的“better to study for several short periods than one long one”的解释。
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U4【B】含答案
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.updatevt. 更新；使现代化
2.acquirevt. 获得；取得；学到
3.assessvt. 评估；评定
4.meanwhileadv. 其间；同时
5.casen. 情况；病例；案例
6.accusevt. 指责；谴责；控告
7.deliberatelyadv. 故意地
8.dilemman. (进退两难的)困境；窘境
9.demandn. 需求；要求
vt. 强烈要求
10.publishvt. 出版；发行；发表；公布
11.thoroughadj. 彻底的；详尽的
12.giftedadj. 有天赋的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.photographn．照片 vt.给……照相→photographern．摄影师→photographyn．摄影
2.delightedadj.快乐的；欣喜的→delight vt.使高兴→delightful adj.令人愉快的
3.admirableadj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的→admire vt.钦佩→admiration n．钦佩；赞赏
4.unusualadj.不同寻常的；独特的→usual adj.寻常的；通常的
1.journalist n．记者；新闻工作者
[同义] reporter
[联想] (1)媒体从业者
①editor n．编辑 ②chief editor n．主编
③photographer n．摄影师 ④host/hostess n．主持人
(2)媒体类型
①daily n．日报 ②weekly n．周刊
③journal n．杂志 ④mass media大众传播媒体
2.deadline n．最后期限
[词块] meet the deadline 赶上最后期限；按时完成
[联想] headline n．新闻标题；内容提要
3.amateur n．业余爱好者 adj.业余的
[联想] professional n．专业人员 adj.专业的；职业的
4.colleague n．同事
[联想]
①companion同伴；伙伴 ②teammate队友
③deskmate同桌 ④classmate同学
5.meanwhile adv.其间；同时
[同义] at the same time; in the meantime
6.deliberately adv.故意地
[同义] by design; on purpose
[反义] by accident
7.publish vt.出版；发行；发表；公布
[同义] come out出版；发行(为不及物动词短语)
8.gifted adj.有天赋的
[同义] talented
[词块] ①be gifted/talented at music在音乐方面有天赋
②a gifted/talented musician一位有天赋的音乐家
[联想] “-ed”结尾的形容词一览
①coloured adj.加颜色的 ②limited adj.有限的
③curved adj.弯曲的 ④canned adj.罐装的
9.以“-able”为后缀的高频形容词小结
①suit→suitable合适的 ②value→valuable宝贵的
③enjoy→enjoyable令人愉快的 ④accept→acceptable可接受的
5.assistvt.帮助；协助；援助→assistantn．助手；助理；售货员→assistance n．帮助；协助
6.professionn．职业；专业→professionaladj.专业的；职业的 n．专业人员
7.concentratevi.&vt.集中；聚集→concentration n．专心；专注
8.informvt.告知；通知→information n．信息
9.guiltyadj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的→guilt n．怀有负罪感
10.technicaladj.技术(上)的；技巧方面的→technicallyadv.技术上；工艺上
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.concentrate_on 集中；全神贯注于
2．have_a_nose_for 对……敏感
3．inform_sb.of/about_sth. 通知某人某事
4．keep_in_mind 记在心头；记住
5．depend_on/upon 依靠；依赖
6．accuse_..._of 因……指责或控告……
7．so_as_to_(do_sth.) 为了(做)……
8．look_forward_to 盼望；期望
1.work experience 工作经验
2．good communication skills 良好的沟通技能
3．an experienced journalist 一名有经验的记者
4．cover a story 进行新闻采访
5．take an amateur course 参加业余课程
6．tell the whole truth 说出全部真相
7．miss the deadline 延误任务规定的期限
8．a trick of the trade 行业诀窍
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin (HX), was to strongly influence his life as a journalist.
他同新上司胡新的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生重大的影响。
be to do在句中表示后来发生的事，常译为“注定会……；一定……”。
The students trust her very much; as a result, her advice is_to_influence_their_decision.
学生们十分信任她，因此她的建议一定会影响他们的决定。
2.Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余摄影课来更新我的摄影技术。
not only ... but (also) ...连接两个并列分句时，not only放于句首，其后接的分句需用部分倒装语序。
Not only will_her_generosity_help_those_in_need_realize_their_dreams,_but it also will motivate more people to participate in such a good deed.(2014·广东高考满分作文)
她的慷慨不仅能帮助那些处于困境的人实现梦想，而且还能激励更多人参加这样的一个善举。
3.Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.
只有提很多不同的问题，你才能获得你需要的信息。
“Only＋状语从句”放于句首，主句使用部分倒装句式。
Only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way will_we_achieve_our_dreams.
只有我们用正确的方式处理和克服大量的困难，我们才会实现梦想。
4.Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
你有没有遇到过这种情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？
where引导定语从句，修饰抽象地点名词a case，在从句中作状语。
Have_you_ever_had_a_case_where you could not get along well with reading with much grammar?
你有没有过这样的情况：语法知识很丰富，阅读却不好？
1．(教材P26)We're delighted you're coming to work with us.
非常高兴你来和我们一起工作。
?delighted adj.快乐的；欣喜的
(1)be delighted to do sth. 乐意/很高兴做某事
be delighted that ... ……乐意/高兴
be delighted at/by/with 对……感到高兴
(2)delight n． [U] 快乐；高兴
[C] 令人高兴的事；乐事
vt. 使高兴；使愉快
to one's delight＝to the delight of sb. 令某人高兴的是
take delight in (doing) ... 以(做)……为乐
①I am delighted that you succeeded.
＝ I am delighted at/by/with your success.
＝ I am delighted to_hear (hear) that you succeeded.
我因你的成功而感到高兴。
②To_our_delight,_he won a gold medal again at the Olympic Games.
令我们高兴的是，他在奥运会上又获得了一枚金牌。
2．(教材P26)You'll find your colleagues very eager to assist you, so you may be able to concentrate on photography later if you're interested.
你将发现你的同事们会很热情地帮助你，因此如果你对摄影感兴趣，也许以后你可以集中精力去研究它。
?eager adj.渴望的；热切的
be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事
be eager for/about sth. 渴望得到……
①Given the chance, I would make donations to orphans eager to gain future success through learning.(2014·广东高考满分作文)
如果有机会，我想向通过学习渴望未来成功的孤儿提供捐助。
②In the meantime, those volunteers hold the opposite view that they are fed up with the earth life and eager for living on the Mars.
同时，那些持相反观点的志愿者认为，他们已经厌倦了地球上的生活，渴望到火星居住。
[辨析比较] eager, anxious
eager
强调“对成功的期望”或“进取的热情”，含有积极向上的意思
anxious
强调“担心”或“焦虑”，对结果感到不安
③Zhou Yang is anxious to know the result of the exam, for he's eager to be admitted into the university.
周阳急切地想知道考试结果，因为他渴望被大学录取。
?assist vt.帮助；协助；援助
帮助某人做某事
(2)assistance n. 援助；帮助
come to one's assistance 帮助某人
(3)assistant n. 助手；助理；售货员
①Do you often assist your mother with the housework?
＝ Do you often assist your mother to_do (do) the housework?
＝ Do you often assist your mother in doing (do) the housework?
你经常帮助妈妈做家务吗？
②The charity aims to provide assistance (assist) to people in need.
这个慈善组织旨在为那些处于困难中的人提供帮助。
?concentrate vi.& vt.集中；聚集
(1)concentrate on/upon (doing) sth.
专心(做)某事
concentrate one's mind/attention/energy/efforts on
集中注意于；致力于；专心于
(2)concentration n. 集中精力；专心
①When I woke up, I found my father concentrating on/upon his work.
当我醒来时，我发现父亲正全神贯注于他的工作。
②I cannot concentrate_my_attention_on my book with all that loud music going on.
吵闹的音乐声不绝于耳，我无法集中精力看书。
③Some people take dancing lessons or exercise classes to improve their concentration (concentrate) and coordination.
一些人参加舞蹈课程或健身课程来提高他们的注意力和协调性。
3．(教材P26)Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.
只有提很多不同的问题，你才能获得你需要的信息。
?acquire vt.获得；取得；学到
acquire the habit of doing sth.养成做某事的习惯
acquire a (good) knowledge of
得到……知识；精通……
①It is by learning that we can acquire the habit of thinking logically.
正是通过学习，我们才能养成缜密思考的习惯。
②He acquired_a_good_knowledge_of English by careful study.
他通过认真学习掌握了英语。
4．(教材P26)They must use research to inform themselves of the missing parts of the story.
他们必须通过调查研究来获悉被遗漏的那部分情况。
?inform vt.告知；通知
(1)inform sb. of sth. 告知某人某事
inform sb. that/wh- ... 通知某人……
(2)informed adj. 有知识的；见闻广的
keep sb. informed (of ...) 使某人随时了解(……)
(3)information n. 消息；资讯
①It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.
迈克尔考虑很周全，(及时)通知我们他的延误以防我们担心。
②We regret to_inform_you_that your application has been rejected.
我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。
③The boss asked his secretary to keep him well informed (inform) of the programme's progress.
老板要求秘书随时向他报告计划的进展情况。
5．(教材P26)Meanwhile you have to prepare the next question depending on what the person says.
同时，你还要根据被采访人所说的话准备提出下一个问题。
?depend on/upon依靠；依赖；指望
①Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter, you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)
根据你打算参加的不同比赛，你可以在比赛开始前的几个周设置一个时间表。
depend on/upon sb. to do sth. 依靠某人做某事
depend on/upon sb.'s doing sth. 相信/指望某人做某事
depend on/upon sb. for sth. 靠某人供给某物
depend on/upon it that ... 相信/指望……
②Not having a car or knowing the city, I was depending on a couple of buses to_get (get) me from A to B.
由于没有车，而且对这座城市也不熟悉，所以我依靠公交车来往于A、B两地。
③You can depend on it that such a boring thing will never happen again.
放心好了，这种无聊的事绝不会再发生了。
6．(教材P26)Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
你有没有遇到过这种情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？
?case n．情况；病例；案例；容器；箱子
in case 万一；以防；以免
in case of 如果发生；假设；万一……
in any case 无论如何
in no case 决不；在任何情况下都不(放在句首时，用部分倒装)
in that/this case 假使那样/这样的话
as is often the case (with ...) 对……来说是常有的事
①Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget.
请明天再提醒我关于会议的事，以免我忘了。
②In_no_case will I turn against my motherland.
我决不会背叛我的祖国。
③As_is_often_the_case,_he is ready to help others.
他乐于助人，这是常有的事情。
?accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告
accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 控告/指责某人(做了)某事
①He was accused of cheating and was sentenced to ten years in prison.
他被控告犯有欺诈罪并被判处十年监禁。
②Accused (accuse) of stealing money, the man was brought to the court.
由于被指控偷钱，这个人被带到了法庭。
[辨析比较] accuse, charge, blame
accuse
accuse (指控/指责) sb. of (doing) sth.
charge
charge (指控) sb. with (doing) sth.
blame
blame (指责) sb. for (doing) sth.
③He was accused of theft.
④Gibbons has been charged with murder.
⑤The report blames poor safety standards for the accident.
7．(教材P26)It was a dilemma because the footballer could have demanded damages if we were wrong.
这陷入了一个窘境，因为如果我们错了，这位足球运动员就可以向我们索要赔偿。
?demand n．需求；要求vt.强烈要求
(1)demand (of sb.) to do sth. 要求(某人)做……
demand that ...(should) do sth. 要求……做某事(从句用虚拟语气)
demand sth. of/from sb. 向某人要某物
(2)in demand 非常需要；急需
meet/satisfy one's demand 满足……需要
①The manager demanded that Tom (should) fly to Paris at once.
经理要求汤姆立刻飞往巴黎。
②The teacher demanded that the students (should) go to school on time.
＝ The teacher demanded of the_students_to_go_to_school on time.
这位老师要求学生们准时到校。
③Soft drinks are much in_demand in this hot weather.
这么热的天气，软饮料的需求量很大。
1．Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills.
对摄影我不仅只是感兴趣，在大学里我还选修过业余摄影课来更新我的摄影技术。
“Not only am I interested in photography”是一个倒装句，其正常语序为：I am not only interested in photography。
(1)not only ... but (also) ...连接两个并列分句时，not only放于句首，其后接的分句需用部分倒装语序。
①Not only can the technique be used to predict major diseases, but it also enables people to foresee the examinees' food preference.
这项技术不仅可以用来预测主要疾病，它也能使人们预见受测者的食物偏好。
(2)not only ... but (also) ...不但……而且……(连接两个并列成分)。
②The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. It not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people's lives.(2015·江苏高考书面表达)
交通问题是一个棘手的问题。它不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而且还可能威胁到人们的生命。
(3)not only ... but (also) ...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词与靠近的主语保持一致。
③Not only the students but also their teacher likes (like) playing football.
不仅是学生，老师也喜欢踢足球。
2．Have you ever had a case where someone accused your journalists of getting the wrong end of the stick?
你有没有遇到过这种情况：别人控告你的记者，说他(她)们的报道完全失实？
该句中case表示“情形；状况”，作主句谓语had的宾语。定语从句“where someone ... the stick”修饰先行词case。定语从句中缺状语，因此该定语从句应该用关系副词where引导。
当case， situation， point， stage， occasion等表示抽象地点含义的名词作先行词时，如果定语从句中缺少表示地点的状语时，则要用关系副词where，若定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，则用which或that引导。
①I can think of manycases where students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay.
我能想出很多这样的情况：很明显学生认识许多英语单词和短语但写不出一篇好作文。
②She's in a hopeless situation, which we will keep a very close eye on.
她处在一种无助的境地，我们将对此密切关注。
③Her illness has developed to the point where nobody can cure her.
她的病已经发展到了没人能治的地步。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．On one hand, people are more than eager to_share (share) ideas with others.
2．He assisted the old man to_fill (fill) in the forms.
3．How can such a large quantity of knowledge be_acquired (acquire)?
4．—Shall I inform him of the change of the schedule right now?
—I am afraid you must, in case he comes late for the meeting.
5．It's the sort of work that calls for a high level of concentration (concentrate)．
6．He was accused of what he had said at the meeting.
7．My father came down and demanded to_know (know) what was going on.
8．He depends on his parents to_take (take) care of his children.
9．Not only the parents but also the child is (be) enjoying the film now.
10．He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in great demand， not only ... but also， in that case， concentrate on， be eager for， depend on， to one's delight， keep ... informed of
1．To_my_delight,_I was chosen from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
2．She is new here so naturally she is_eager_for friendship.
3．You should concentrate_on the road when you're driving.
4．(2015·安徽高考书面表达)I would really like to interview him because he is not_only the first Chinese to go to space but_also one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
5．You must keep us informed_of how things are going here.
6．It is said that we'll have to do extra work on Sunday. In_that_case,_we can't go to the movies.
7．Money is neither good nor bad, but all depends_on what use is made of it.
8．The HarryPotter books are quite popular; they are in_great_demand in this city.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The governor said all applications must be submitted (递交) by Monday.
2．Now that you are eager (渴望) to join the school football team, why not try out for it?
3．A good dictionary will assist (帮助) you in understanding English.
4．After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire (获得) confidence.
5．Teenagers should concentrate (集中) on their studies though there are a lot of attractions around them.
6．I believe the house was deliberately (故意地) set fire to.
7．The incomes of skilled workers went up. Meanwhile (同时), unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.
8．I am rather sceptical (怀疑) about the full marks that he got in the recent English test, because he never studies.
9．The teacher demanded (要求) an explanation for his absence from class.
10．You should keep us informed (告知) whenever you are in trouble.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They were delighted to the news that their team had won.to→at/by/with
2．In the rush hour, hiring a taxi for you to do what you are eagerly to do may be a better choice in our city.eagerly→eager
3．The newspapers keep us inform of what is going on around us at any time.inform→informed
4．Leave your key with your neighbor in case of you lock yourself out one day.去掉of
5．The monitor came in and demanded all the students present there must finish the task in two hours.去掉_must_或_must→should
6．Not only the citizens but also the expert were against the plan.were→was
7．You may depend on that Tom will help you with your English.on后加it
8．The people wanted to accuse him stealing their purses. him后加of
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．I am_delighted_to_receive_an_email from you. As for the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.
我很高兴收到你的电子邮件。关于7月1日的聚会，我将很乐意参加。
2．It is important to read regularly if you are_eager_to_improve_your_English.
如果你渴望提高英语，经常性的阅读是很重要的。
3．(2012·浙江高考书面表达) Your future depends_on_many_things,_but mostly on you.
你的未来取决于很多东西，但是主要在于你。
4．Enough free space should be given to the kids; in_that_case,_they will get more life experience.
应该给予孩子足够的自由空间，那样的话孩子会得到更多的生活经历。
5．Concentrate_on_your_study,_and you will make greater progress.
集中精力学习，你就能够取得更大的进步。
6．The manager promised that they would try to meet/satisfy_their_customers'_
demands.
经理许诺他们会尽力满足顾客的需求。
7．(2015·浙江高考书面表达) By doing so, I can not_only_share_good_ideas_with_
others_but_(also)_learn_to_express_myself_clearly.
通过这样做，我不仅能够和别人分享我的观点，还能够学会清晰地表达自己。
8．(2014·天津高考书面表达)Only_by_understanding_and_learning_from_each_other
_can_we spend those days together happily.
只有通过相互理解彼此学习我们才能一起开心地度过那些美好的日子。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
It is Zhou Yang's first day at the office of a popular English newspaper. He is excited and eager to go out 1.on a story on his own, but he can't because he isn't 2.experienced (experience) enough. His new boss, Hu Xin, is sharing with him 3.how to be a good reporter.
To be a good reporter, one needs to be curious, which 4.enables (able) one to ask many different questions and acquire all the information he needs to know. Besides, it's important for a reporter to have a “nose” 5.for a story, 6.knowing (know) if someone is telling the truth. And while interviewing people, a reporter has to listen to the answers carefully because he has to listen to the 7.detailed (detail) facts and prepare the next question 8.depending (depend) on what people say. If possible, a reporter can 9.record (recorder) the interview in case he 10.is_accused (accuse) of printing lies.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
今天早上，老师通知(inform)汤姆去他的办公室，责备(accuse)他在最近的这次考试中作弊；并要求(demand)汤姆集中精力(concentrate)学习，依靠(depend on)自己来获得(acquire)丰富的知识。汤姆说再也不会(in no case)在考试中作弊了。
This_morning,_the_teacher_informed_Tom_to_go_to_his_office,_where_he_accused_Tom_of_cheating_in_the_latest_exam._He_demanded_that_Tom_should_concentrate_his_attention_on_learning_and_depend_on_himself_to_acquire_rich_knowledge._Tom_said_that_in_no_case_would_he_cheat_in_the_exam.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
I often remember those good old days when life was relatively simpler, and people were much more humane (有人情味的) and __1__. Recently, to my surprise, I got the __2__ to experience that same __3__ that I thought had disappeared from the world.
I was out shopping the other day with my husband, two daughters and one granddaughter. It was very hot, and we were all obviously __4__ and hungry. We entered a restaurant, looking for some __5__ and comfort.
To our __6__， all the tables were occupied (占用) and no one seemed in a hurry to get up. We waited, tired, hungry and __7__. After quite some time, one table was vacated (腾出), but that could __8__ only two of us. My daughter made me sit along with her father, __9__ she and my other daughter stood alongside.
My granddaughter sat on my lap as we __10__ us, waiting for another table to be vacated soon. At the next table, two young girls were sitting at a table for four and __11__ their meal. We decided to __12__ to their table, once they __13__ their lunch.
Since the girls had just got their order, I knew it would be a __14__ wait. As we were deciding on what to order, one of the girls got up and __15__ their table to us. She said they would move to our table so that my family could sit __16__.
We were very __17__ of their kind gesture. We thanked them warmly and moved to their table. The girls quickly __18__ their plates and glasses and went to sit at our table.
That day, I thought to myself there still were some kind, __19__ and helpful youngsters in this fast moving non-caring world; and my __20__ in humanity was brought back once again.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在餐馆里一对小姑娘的举动又重新唤起了作者对人性的思考与信心。
1．A.more confident B．more responsible
C．gentler D．wiser
解析：选C 由上文中的“life ... simpler”和“humane”可知，那时候生活相对简单，人们更有人情味，“更和善(gentler)”。
2．A.way B．opportunity
C．time D．pleasure
解析：选B 由文中的描述可知，“我”有“机会(opportunity)”体验到“我”以为已经从世界上消失了的“温暖(warmth)”。
3．A.warmth B．attitude
C．trouble D．situation
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
4．A.angry B．happy
C．wet D．exhausted
解析：选D 由下文中的“looking for some __5__ and comfort”可知，我们又“累(exhausted)”又饿。
5．A.tables B．food
C．drinks D．information
解析：选B 由上文中的“hungry”和“a restaurant”可知，我们走进一家餐馆，想吃点“东西(food)”，顺便休息一下。
6．A.amazement B．regret
C．disappointment D．delight
解析：选C 由下文中的“all the tables were occupied and no one seemed in a hurry to get up”可知，这让我们很“失望(disappointment)”。
7．A.impatient B．worried
C．dissatisfied D．terrified
解析：选A 由文中的描述可知，我们等着，又累又饿，有点“不耐烦(impatient)”了。
8．A.hold B．seat
C．save D．include
解析：选B 这张桌子只能“坐(seat)”两个人。
9．A.while B．though
C．since D．before
解析：选A “我”女儿让“我”和她父亲坐下，“而(while)”她们站在一旁。
10．A.walked around B．paid for
C．looked around D．depended on
解析：选C 由下文中的“waiting for another table to be vacated soon”可知，我们“环顾四周(looked around)”，等待着有另一张桌子空出来。
11．A.making B．cooking
C．preparing D．enjoying
解析：选D 旁边的桌上，两个年轻的女孩坐在一张四人桌上，“吃着(enjoying)”午餐。
12．A.turn B．move
C．come D．stick
解析：选B 由下文中的“moved to their table”可知，我们决定等她们“吃完(finished)”午餐，就“移到(move)”她们那一桌。
13．A.started B．shared
C．left D．finished
解析：选D 参见上题解析。
14．A.boring B．nervous
C．long D．quiet
解析：选C 由上文中的“the girls had just got their order”可知，这将会是“漫长的(long)”等待。
15．A.showed B．returned
C．lent D．offered
解析：选D 由下文的描述可知，一个女孩起身把她们的桌子“让(offered)”给我们。
16．A.comfortably B．easily
C．back D．together
解析：选D 她们会搬到我们这一桌，这样我们一家人就可以坐在“一起(together)”了。
17．A.appreciative B．proud
C．fond D．afraid
解析：选A 由下文中的“We thanked them warmly”可知，我们非常“感激(appreciative)”她们的善意。
18．A.cleared away B．gave up
C．put away D．picked up
解析：选D 这两个女孩赶紧“拿起(picked up)”自己的盘子和杯子，坐到了我们那一桌。
19．A.careful B．common
C．polite D．smart
解析：选C 由文中的描述可知，作者认为还是有些善良的、“有礼貌的(polite)”、乐于助人的年轻人。
20．A.hope B．faith
C．love D．effort
解析：选B “我”对人性又重拾“信心(faith)”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Today some classmate and I served at the Capital Library as volunteers. At 9 o'clock, we gathered at the gate of the library. After getting into the library, we first trained by a librarian on when to operate the computers to borrow or return books. Then, wear the volunteer uniform, we got down on our work. Some helped put books on the shelves but some offered assistance to the people who had difficulty using the computers. All of us took our tasks serious.
In the late afternoon, we said goodbye to the workers. On the way back, we share our feelings happily. By doing voluntary work, we were able to help the others. We all believe volunteering is rewarding and looking forward to doing more voluntary work.
答案：第一句：classmate→classmates
第三句：first前加were; when→how
第四句：wear→wearing; on→to
第五句：but→and
第六句：serious→seriously
第八句：share→shared
第九句：去掉the
第十句：looking→look或looking前加are
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U4【C】含答案
?语法图解
?探究发现
①Here comes my list of dos and don'ts ...
②Never will Zhou Yang (ZY) forget his first assignment at the office of a popular English newspaper.
③They have a good knowledge of English but little do they know about German.
④Only then did I realize I was wrong.
⑤Only by shouting was he able to make himself heard.
⑥Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.
⑦Only if you ask many different questions will you acquire all the information you need to know.
⑧So fast did he run that I couldn't follow him.
[我的发现]
(1)倒装句有两种情况：一种为完全倒装；一种为部分倒装。例句①为完全倒装；其余为部分倒装。
(2)否定副词(如never, neither, nor, little, hardly等)位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。例句②③就属于这类情况。
(3)only后接状语(可为单个副词、介词短语，也可以为从句)位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。如例句④⑤⑥⑦。
(4)例句⑧为so ...that ...结构。若“so＋形容词/副词”位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
一、倒装的定义
在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了强调句子的某一部分或其他原因，谓语需要全部或部分移到主语的前面，这种语序叫倒装。而倒装语序又分为完全倒装和部分倒装。
二、倒装的种类
完全倒装
整个谓语都在主语之前
Here comes the bus.
公共汽车来了。
部分倒装
谓语的一部分(通常是助动词、连系动词be或情态动词)位于主语前
Under no circumstances will books desert you.
书籍决不会背弃你。
三、完全倒装
1．将here, there, now, then等地点或时间副词置于句首，且谓语动词是be, come, go, remain, lie, run等，且主语为名词时，用完全倒装。
—Is everyone here?
—Not yet ... Look, there come the rest of our guests!
——每个人都在这儿吗？
——还没有。看，其余的客人来了。
2．表示运动方向的副词out, in, up, down, away等置于句首，谓语是表示运动的动词，且主语为名词时，句子要用完全倒装。
In the dark corner of the room, up jumped the cat and caught the mouse.
在房间黑暗的角落里，那只猫跳了上去并抓住了那只老鼠。
3．such作表语且置于句首，意为“……就是如此”时，要用完全倒装。
Such is our lively city, which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。
4．表示地点的介词短语位于句首或强调地点概念或为保持句子平衡，且句子的谓语是表示存在意义的动词(lie, stand, exist, live, sit等)时，要用完全倒装。
In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.
在英格兰的一所大学的报告厅里坐着一位教授。
5．作表语的形容词、分词或介词短语位于句首时，要用“表语＋连系动词(be)＋主语”结构。
Present at the meeting were some scientists from China.
许多来自中国的科学家出席了会议。
[名师点津] (1)在完全倒装句式中，谓语动词的数要与后面主语的数一致。(2)完全倒装的主语必须是名词，如果主语是人称代词则不用倒装。
[助记] 巧记完全倒装
副介开头全倒装，遇到代词则照常。
方位方式别遗忘，上下进出往前放。
there, here用得上，时间顺序句首放。
表语句首主语长，句子平衡需倒装。
[即时演练1] 用倒装结构补全句子
①Sitting_in_front_of_the_house_was a little girl.
一个小女孩坐在房子的前面。
②Out_rushed the boys when the bell rang.
铃一响，男孩子们就冲出去了。
③Such_is_Helen,_an easy-going girl.
这就是海伦，一个很随和的女孩。
④To my great surprise, there at the door stood_a_girl trembling in wet clothes.
让我很吃惊的是，门口站着一个正在颤抖的女孩，衣服湿透了。
四、部分倒装
1．“so/nor/neither＋助动词/be动词/情态动词＋主语”结构为部分倒装。
He can swim and so can I.
他会游泳，我也会。
The headmaster will not permit the change in the course, nor/neither will he even give it a thought.
校长既不会允许课程上的变革，也不会对其予以考虑。
2．将never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, not, nowhere, by no means, in no way, at no time, in no case等表示否定或半否定意义的词或词组置于句首时，句子要用部分倒装。
—It's nice. Never before have I had such a special drink!
—I'm glad you like it.
——太好了。我以前从没喝过如此特别的饮料！
——我很高兴你喜欢它。
Seldom has there been such a happy meeting.
过去很少有过这样愉快的会议。
Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.(2013·湖南高考单选)
迈克尔从来没有想到过有一天自己会成为他班上的尖子生。
3．not only ... but (also) ...引导两个并列分句，not only置于句首时，not only所在的分句需用倒装，but (also)所在的分句不用倒装；而neither ... nor ...引导两个并列分句时，两个分句都需要倒装。
I suggested not only should he go to the meeting but also give a speech there.
我建议他不但要参加这次会议，而且还要在那做报告。
4．含有no sooner ... than, hardly ... when, scarcely ... when的主从复合句中，no sooner, hardly, scarcely所在的主句倒装，than, when所在的从句不倒装。
Hardly had Mike picked up the ball when another player took it from him.
麦克刚接过球，另一名球员就从他那儿把它抢走了。
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
我刚到家天就开始下雨了。
5．“only＋副词/介词短语/状语”位于句首时，句子用部分倒装。“only＋状语从句”位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。
Only then did I realize that I had failed.
只是到了那时，我才意识到我失败了。
Only after talking to two students did I discover that having strong motivation is one of the biggest factors in reaching goals.(2015·湖南高考单选)
直到跟两个学生谈了话以后我才发现，有强烈的动机是达到目标的最重要的因素之一。
Only when Lily walked into the office did she realize that she had left the contract at home.(2015·天津高考单选)
直到莉莉走进办公室时，她才意识到她把合同落在家里了。
6．当as/though表示“尽管”引导让步状语从句时，要把强调的表语、谓语动词、状语放在主语之前。
Important as/though regular exercise is, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.
尽管定期锻炼是很重要的，但是快要睡觉的时候锻炼不是一个好主意。
7．not until放于句首时，主句使用部分倒装句式。
Not until he retired from teaching three years ago did he consider having a holiday abroad. (2012·辽宁高考单选)
直到他三年前从教师岗位上退休他才考虑出国度假。
8．虚拟条件句中，把if引导的条件从句中的were, had, should提前，并省略if，也可构成部分倒装结构。
—Helen, are you going to the airport to see Jack off the day after tomorrow?
—Were he to leave tomorrow, I would go.
——海伦，后天你会去机场送杰克吗？
——如果他明天走的话，我就去送。
9．在so ... that ...和such ... that ...句型中，把“so＋形容词或副词”或把“such＋名词短语”放于句首时，主句使用部分倒装句式。
So suddenly did he catch the disease that the whole family was at a great loss.
他突然患病，全家人全然不知所措。
[助记] 巧记部分倒装
only修饰副介状，位于句首半倒装；
否定意义副连词，位于句首须倒装；
so和such放句首，引起主谓要倒装；
not only开头句，前一分句须倒装；
had, were, should虚拟句，省略if半倒装。
[即时演练2] 把下面句子改为倒装句
①She has never seen anybody play tennis so well before.
→Never_before_has_she_seen_anybody_play_tennis_so_well.
②He realized it was the same place he'd been in last year only when he arrived.
→Only_when_he_arrived_did_he_realize_it_was_the_same_place_he'd_been_in_last_year.
③Though the night air was hot, we slept deeply.
→Hot_though_the_night_air_was,_we_slept_deeply.
④This is not my story, and it is not the whole story, either.
→This_is_not_my_story,_nor_is_it_the_whole_story.
⑤If you should succeed, you would become pretty rich and popular.
→Should_you_succeed,_you_would_become_pretty_rich_and_popular.
⑥She performed so well that she won the first prize.
→So_well_did_she_perform_that_she_won_the_first_prize.
Ⅰ.把下面的句子变为倒装句
1．I will speak to him again only when he apologizes for his rudeness.
→Only_when_he_apologizes_for_his_rudeness_will_I_speak_to_him_again.
2．They actually broke the rules of the game at no time. It was unfair to punish them.
→At_no_time_did_they_actually_break_the_rules_of_the_game._It_was_unfair_to_punish_them.
3．Though they tried hard, they couldn't make her change her mind.
→Hard_though_they_tried,_they_couldn't_make_her_change_her_mind.
4．The arrow went up into the air.
→Up_went_the_arrow_into_the_air.
5．If the snowstorm should continue tomorrow, our flight would be canceled.
→Should_the_snowstorm_continue_tomorrow,_our_flight_would_be_canceled.
6．She was so brave that she faced the difficulty bravely.
→So_brave_was_she_that_she_faced_the_difficulty_bravely.
7．I did not understand the true state of the affairs until I read your letter.
→Not_until_I_read_your_letter_did_I_understand_the_true_state_of_the_affairs.
8．The days are gone when the smog happens so frequently.
→Gone_are_the_days_when_the_smog_happens_so_frequently.
9．The singer had hardly appeared on the stage when the audience rose and cheered.
→Hardly_had_the_singer_appeared_on_the_stage_when_the_audience_rose_and_cheered.
10．My father doesn't smoke; her father doesn't either.
→My_father_doesn't_smoke,_nor/neither_does_her_father.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．(2014·江苏高考标准范文)Only_in_this_way_can_people from all over the world communicate easily and effectively.
只有通过这种方式，来自全世界的人才能轻松、有效地交流。
2．Child_as/though_he_is,_he knows a lot about astronomy.
虽然他是个孩子，但他知道很多天文学知识。
3．Such_great_progress_did_he_make that he was praised.
他取得了如此大的进步以至于受到了表扬。
4．Such_is_Liu_Yang,_the first Chinese woman astronaut.
这就是刘洋，中国第一个女宇航员。
5．We visited a hill, on top of which stood_an_old_temple.
我们参观了一座山，山上有一座古庙。
6．Not_until_the_river_was_seriously_polluted_did the local government realize the problem.
直到河水被严重污染了，当地政府才意识到这个问题。
7．(2014·福建高考标准范文) Looking back, I feel I wouldn't be able to ride a bike had_I_lost_heart.
回顾以往，我感觉如果我失去了信心就学不会骑自行车。
8．Present at the meeting were_some_important_figures.
出席会议的是一些重要人物。
9．No sooner had_I_entered the office than the phone rang.
几乎在我进办公室的同时电话铃响了。
10．So loudly did_he_speak that even people in the next room could hear him.
他说话的声音如此大以至于隔壁屋里的人都能听见。
Ⅲ.语法填空
I will never forget the experience of being trusted by others. Years ago a college friend and I set out across the US on a post-college adventure. Our vehicle broke down in New London, Ontario, Canada on __1__ Sunday afternoon.
We were pulled to a garage __2__ we spent the night sleeping in the van waiting for the garage to open the next morning. We left the van __3__ (repair) and set out to earn money, __4__ (work) odd jobs throughout the day.
When we returned, the worker __5__ (finish) repairing, but the job cost D|S100 more than we had earned that day.__6__ (tire) and a little unhappy, we decided to ask the worker__7__ we could send him the rest of the money from our destination in Boston, MA.
To our surprise, he agreed. When we arrived in Boston three days later, we __8__ (immediate) sent the money to him as well as a thank-you note for the trust he shared with two young __9__ (strange). Just as Frank Crane said，“You may __10__ (cheat) if you trust too much, but you will live in torment (痛苦) unless you trust enough.”
答案：1.a 2.where 3.to be repaired 4.working 5.had finished 6.Tired 7.if/whether 8.immediately 9．strangers 10.be cheated
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U4【D】含答案
[原文呈现]
GETTING THE “SCOOP”
“Quick，”said the editor①.“Get that story ready②.We need it in this edition③ to be ahead of④ the other newspapers.This is a scoop.” Zhou Yang had just come back into the office after an interview with a famous film star.“Did he really do that？”asked someone from the International News Department⑤. “Yes, I'm afraid he did，”Zhou Yang answered. He set to work⑥.
His first task⑦ was to write his story, but he had to do it carefully.Although he realized the man had been lying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly. He would have to be accurate⑧. Concise too! He knew how to do that. Months of training had taught him to write⑨ with no wasted words or phrases.He sat down at his computer and began to work.
[读文清障]
①editor ['edIt?]n．编辑
②get ... ready把……准备好
③edition[I'dI?n]n．版(本)；版次
④ahead of在……前面
ahead of time提前
⑤department[dI'pɑ?tm?nt]n．部门；部；处；系
the International News Department国际新闻编辑部
⑥set to work(使)开始工作；着手工作
⑦task n．工作；作业；任务
⑧accurate['?kj?r?t]adj.精确的；正确的
⑨teach sb. to do sth.教某人做某事
抢发独家新闻
[第1～2段译文]
周阳刚刚采访了一位著名影星回到办公室，编辑就说：“快把那篇报道准备好，我们这一版就要用，这样我们就抢在其他报纸的前面了，这就是抢先的独家新闻。”国际新闻编辑部有人提出问题：“他真的做了那种事吗？”周阳回答说：“是的，恐怕是做了。”接着他便着手工作了。
他的第一项任务就是写报道稿，他必须认认真真地写。尽管他知道那个人一直在撒谎，但周阳明白他决不能直接指责那个人。他必须做到准确无误，还要简明扼要。他知道该如何做。经过几个月的培训，他已经学会了写文章，全然没有废话。他在电脑前坐下来就开始工作了。
The first person who saw his article⑩ was a senior? editor from his department. He checked? the evidence, read the article and passed it on to the copy-editor?. She began to edit the piece and design the main headline? and smaller heading?. “This will look very good on the page，” she said. “Where is a good picture of this man？” Then as the article was going to be written in English? Zhou Yang also took a copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish? the style?. She was also very happy with Zhou Yang's story.“You are really able to write a good front page article?，” she said.Zhou Yang smiled with happiness.Last of all，the chief? editor read it and approved it.“Well done，” he said to Zhou Yang.“But please show me your evidence so we're sure we've got our facts straight.”“I'll bring it to you immediately，” said Zhou Yang excitedly.
⑩定语从句who saw his article修饰the first person。
?senior['si?nI?]adj.年长的；高年级的；高级的
a senior editor一位编审
?check v．检查；核查；检验
?copy-editor n．技术编辑
?main headline主标题
?smaller heading副标题
?as the article ...为原因状语从句。
?polish ['p?lI?]vt.擦亮；磨光；润色
?过去分词短语employed by the newspaper作后置定语，修饰the native speaker。
?front page article头版新闻
?chief[t?i?f]adj.主要的；首席的 n．首领；长官
chief editor主编
approve[?'pru?v]vt.赞成；认可；批准
get sth. straight (＝ find sth. out)把某事弄清楚；明确某事
[第3段译文]
第一个看到这篇文章的人是他们部里的一位编审。他核查了文中的证据，阅读了整篇报道，然后递给了技术编辑。她就开始了编辑工作，设计了主标题和副标题。她说：“在版面上这样会很好看。这个人的照片该放在哪儿好呢？”因为这篇文章要用英文来写，所以周阳拿了一份稿子给一位母语为英语的外国雇员，请她对语言风格进行润色。这位雇员对周阳的报道也很满意。她说到：“你确实能写很好的头版新闻了。”周阳高兴地笑了。最后主编审读了这篇稿子，并且批准发表了。他对周阳说：“文章写得很好，不过你还得拿出证据来表明事实确凿。”周阳兴奋地回答说：“我马上拿来给你。”
The news desk editor took the story and began to work on all the stories and photos until all the pages were set. All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives.This was the first stage of the printing process.They needed four negatives, as several colours were going to be used on the story. Each of the main colours had one negative sheet and when they were combined they made a coloured page for the newspaper. After one last check the page was ready to be printed. Zhou Yang waited excitedly for the first copies to be ready. “Wait till tonight，” his friend whispered. “I expect there will be something about this on the television news. A real scoop！”
news desk editor新闻文字编辑
work on从事；忙于，指具体的某件事。在具体的语境中，有不同的译法。本文中可译作“编排”。
set v．确定；决定；放置；使从事；使成(某种状态)；(太阳、月亮)沉落。本文中意为“确定；编排完毕”。
process['pr??ses]vt.加工；处理 n．过程；程序；步骤
negative ['neɡ?tIv]n．底片；否定 adj.否定的；消极的
film negatives胶片
as several colours were going ...为as引导的原因状语从句。
whisper v．&n.耳语；密谈
[第4段译文],
新闻文字编辑取走了这篇报道，开始对所有报道和图片进行编排，直至把各版面全部编定。然后，所有的报道材料就要被制成胶片。这是印制过程的第一步。由于这篇报道要用好几种颜色，因此需要四张胶片。每一种主色要用一张底片，四张底片结合起来就制成一张报纸的彩页。经过最后一次校对后，这个版面就可以准备印制了。周阳兴奋地等待着第一版的印出。“要等到今天晚上，”他的朋友轻声地告诉他说。“我期望电视新闻会对这件事作一点报道。真是独家新闻了！”
Step 1 Read the text and answer the following questions.
1．What's the main idea of the passage?
The_passage_tells_us_the_process_of_writing_and_printing_for_a_newspaper_article.
2．How many people read his article before it was ready to be processed into the film negative? Who were they?
Five_people:_a_senior_editor_from_his_department,_the_copy-editor,_the_native_speaker,_the_chief_editor,_the_news_desk_editor.
Step 2 Choose the best answers according to the text.
1．According to the first paragraph, we know that ________.
A．Zhou Yang has interviewed a famous film star
B．the editor writes articles according to the covered stories
C．Zhou Yang has written an article on the famous film star
D．Zhou Yang doubts if it is a scoop
2．It seems that ________.
A．Zhou Yang is especially good at getting a scoop
B．Zhou Yang has got some experience as a reporter
C．Zhou Yang is in charge of the International News Department
D．Zhou Yang accused the famous film star of his lies
3．The process of making news is ________.
A．the reporter→the editor→the copy-editor→the chief editor→the news desk editor
B．the editor→the reporter→the copy-editor→the chief editor→the news desk editor
C．the chief editor→the editor→the news desk editor→the reporter→the copy-editor
D．the reporter→the news desk editor→the chief editor→the editor→the copy-editor
4．If we want to print two-color newspapers, we'll need ________ negatives.
A．two B．four
C．one D．three
5．The writer wrote this passage mainly ________.
A．to explain how to get the “scoop”
B．to explain how to print coloured newspapers
C．to tell us a piece of scoop news
D．to introduce how to make a newspaper
答案：1～5 ABAAD
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.housewifen． 家庭主妇
2.crimen. 罪行；犯罪
3.departmentn. 部门；部；处；系
4.polishvt. 擦亮；磨光；润色
5.processvt. 加工；处理
n. 过程；程序；步骤
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.editionn．版(本)；版次→editorn．编辑→edit v．编辑
2.accurateadj.精确的；正确的→accurately adv.精确地
3.senioradj.年长的；高年级的；高级的→junior adj.年少的
4.chiefadj.主要的；首席的n.首领；长官→chiefly adv.首先；首要地
5.approvevt.赞成；认可；批准→approval n．赞成；批准
6.appointmentn．约会；任命→appoint vt.任命；委派；约定→appointed adj.指定的
1.housewife n．家庭主妇
[记法] house(房屋)＋wife(妻子)
[联想] housekeeper主妇；女管家； housework家务活
2.crime n．罪行；犯罪
[联想] crime相关词一览
①guilt n．犯罪 ②accuse vt.控告；指控
③charge vt.控告 ④punish vt.惩罚；处罚
⑤sentence vt.判决；宣判
3.department n．部门；部；处；系
[词块] ①English department英语系
②the department concerned相关部门
4.approve vt.赞成；认可；批准
[同义]
①favour赞成 ②be in favour of 支持
③support支持 ④back up支持
[反义]
①object 反对 ②object to 反对
③disapprove 反对；不同意 ④be against 反对；违背
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.get_absorbed_in 致力于
2．defend_..._against_... 保护……不受……
3．begin_with 以……开始
4．ahead_of 在……前面
5．pass_sth._on_to 把……传递给……
6．last_of_all 最后
7．be_happy_with 对……满意
8．be_supposed_to 应该
1.set to work 着手工作
2．months of training 几个月的培训
3．wasted words or phrases 废话
4．the main headline and smaller heading
主标题和副标题
5．write in English 用英文写
6．polish the style 对(语言)风格进行润色
7．with happiness 高兴地
8．be ready to do sth. 准备做某事
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.Although he realized the man had been lying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly.
尽管他知道那个人一直在撒谎，但周阳明白他决不能直接指责那个人。
过去完成进行时表示在过去某时或者某个动作之前一直进行的动作。
I had_been_lying_to myself, pretending that everything was fine.
我一直对自己撒谎，假装一切顺利。
2.Then as the article was going to be written in English Zhou Yang also took a copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish the style.
因为这篇文章要用英文来写，所以周阳拿了一份稿子给一位母语为英语的外国雇员，请她对语言风格进行润色。
as 引导的原因状语从句。
Second, go outdoors and play team games with your friends as_physical_exercise_is_an_effective_way_to_get_rid_of_anger.
(2014·安徽高考书面表达)
第二，到户外和朋友一起做团队运动，因为体育锻炼是一种有效的消除愤怒的方式。
1．(教材P30)We need it in this edition to be ahead of the other newspapers.
我们这一版就要用，这样我们就抢在其他报纸的前面了。
?ahead of在……前面；提前；领先；胜过
写出下列句中ahead of的含义
①He was running 50 meters ahead of me.在……前面
②If you had warned me ahead of time, I wouldn't have gone.提前
③His ideas were ahead of his time.领先
2．(教材P30)The first person who saw his article was a senior editor from his department.
第一个看到这篇文章的人是他们部里的一位编审。
?senior adj.年长的；高年级的；高级的n．较年长者
(1)be senior to 比……年长/职位高
比某人年长多少岁
①She is senior to me, so I have to do whatever she tells me.
她比我的职位高，所以我需要做她安排给我的任何事情。
②Tom is my senior by three years.
＝ Tom is_three_years_senior_to_me.
＝ Tom is_senior_to_me_by_three_years.
汤姆比我大三岁。
[名师点津] 用to而不用than表示“比”的短语集锦
①be junior to sb. 比某人年龄小/职位低
②be superior to sb./sth. 比……好/强
③be inferior to sb./sth. 比……差/级别低
3．(教材P30)Last of all, the chief editor read it and approved it.
最后主编审读了这篇稿子，并且批准发表了。
?approve
(1)vt.赞成；认可；批准
①The course is approved by the Department for Education.
课程已获教育部批准。
(2)vi.赞成；同意
approve of sth. 同意/赞成某事
approve of sb./sb.'s doing sth. 同意/赞成某人做某事
②I entirely approve of that theory.
我完全赞成那种理论。
③I approve of your trying (try) to earn some money, but please don't neglect your studies.
我同意你去挣一些钱，可是请不要忽视了你的学业。
4．(教材P30)All the information was then ready to be processed into film negatives.
然后，所有的报道材料就要被制成胶片。
?process
(1)vt.加工；处理；冲印照片
①Studies have shown that the right and left ear process sound differently.
(2015·浙江高考单选)
研究表明右耳和左耳对声音的处理方式是不同的。
(2)n.过程；程序；步骤
in process 在进行中
in the process of 在……过程中
②Care of the soul is a gradual process in which even the small details of life should be considered.(2012·湖南高考单选)
对心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中，甚至生活中的小细节都应该考虑在内。
③We are still in_the_process_of moving.
我们还在搬着家呢。
形象记忆
5.(教材P31)Practise in pairs making appointments.
两人一组练习约会。
?appointment n．约会；任命；预约
(1)make/fix an appointment with sb. 跟某人约会/预约
keep/break an/one's appointment 守/违约
(2)appoint v. 任命；约定
appoint sb. to be/as ... 任命某人为……
①I have made an appointment with Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.
我与史密斯医生有约，但是我需要改变一下。
②If you fail to keep the dentist's appointment (appoint), you'll have to pay for it.
如果你和牙医约好时间但到时不去，你得付钱。
③It's a great honor for him to_be_appointed_as/to_be sales manager of the company.
被任命为公司的销售经理，他感到很荣幸。
1．Although he realized the man had been lying, Zhou Yang knew he must not accuse him directly.
尽管他知道那个人一直在撒谎，但周阳明白他决不能直接指责那个人。
本句中had been lying为过去完成进行时，其主要用法为：
(1)构成：had been doing。
(2)意义：表示在过去某时或者某个动作之前一直进行的动作，暗示该动作持续到过去某时或过去某个动作发生时，且还可能持续下去。
(3)标志性时间：by 引出的时间状语、before 或 when 引导的从句(从句用一般过去时)、表示一段时间的状语(如 for hours, all these days)等。
①He had been studying English for three years before he went abroad.
在他出国之前，他学习英语已三年了。
②I had_been_working (work) on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers swam before my eyes.
一下午我都在做数学题，所以我眼前全是数字。
③They had_been_building (build) the road by the end of last month.
到上个月月末为止他们一直在建这条路。
2．Then as the article was going to be written in English Zhou Yang also took a copy to the native speaker employed by the newspaper to polish the style.
因为这篇文章要用英文来写，所以周阳拿了一份稿子给一位母语为英语的外国雇员，请她对语言风格进行润色。
as the article was going to be written ...是 as 引导的原因状语从句。
①—Coach, can I continue with the training?
—Sorry, you can't as you haven't recovered from the knee injury.(2012·重庆高考单选)
——教练，我可以继续训练吗？
——很抱歉，不可以，因为你的膝盖受伤还没有恢复过来。
as除引导原因状语从句外还可引导：
(1)时间状语从句，意为“当……时；一边……一边……；随着”。
(2)方式状语从句，意为“正如；就像”。
(3)让步状语从句，意为“尽管；虽然”，从句应倒装。
写出下列句中as的含义
②I read the letter, as I walked along the river.一边……一边……
③When in Rome do as the Romans do.就像
④Intelligent as she was, she had not much insight.尽管
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My daughter is always well ahead of the rest of her classmates in maths.
2．My elder brother is my senior by three years.
3．The agreement was_approved (approve) before the meeting came to an end.
4．Your application for the position is in process.
5．I walked into the department of licensing, and greeted my dad, who had_been_waiting (wait) for me patiently for two hours.
6．He made an appointment with his coach at 8 am.
Ⅱ.选词填空
in the process of， make an appointment， approve of， be senior to， ahead of， as he was busy
1．He left one day ahead_of me, though we arrived there almost at the same time.
2．Though Jack is younger than Ann, he is_senior_to her.
3．She felt quite excited with so many people approving_of her decision.
4．As_he_was_busy,_he couldn't spare time to go on a holiday with his family.
5．Many countries are in_the_process_of becoming more democratic (民主)．
6．I'd like to make_an_appointment with Mr. Wang, the manager.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His father was a senior (高级的) officer at the bank.
2．I'm afraid your teacher won't approve (同意) of your going there.
3．More than 100 applications for travel visas have to be processed (处理)．
4．The appointment (任命) of a new mayor was reported in the newspaper.
5．I have formed the habit of polishing (擦亮) my shoes before I leave home.
6．They were making efforts to provide time and accurate (准确的) weather forecasts during the Olympic Games.
7．Rice is the chief (主要的) crop in most southern provinces.
8．Sam has been appointed as manager of the engineering department (部门) to take the place of George.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The time in London is five hours ahead that in New York.ahead后加of
2．They were excited that their product was superior than their competitors'.than→to
3．Catherine's mother will never approve her marriage to you.approve后加of
4．Our company is in process of moving to the new offices.process前加the
5．Phone his secretary and make appointment.make后加an
6．The bus we have been waiting was too crowded, so we decided to catch a later one.have→had
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．My husband who is_three_years_senior_to me, is very considerate and always places me in the first place.
比我大三岁的丈夫，非常体贴，总是把我放在首位。
2．My father doesn't approve_of_my_leaving_school this year.
我父亲不同意我今年离校。
3．You should phone the doctor if you want to make_an_appointment.
如果你想预约，必须给医生打电话。
4．The little girl wanted to polish_all_the_furniture with a piece of cloth in the house to help her mother do some housework.
这个小女孩想要用一块布把屋子里的所有家具擦亮来帮助她的母亲做家务。
5．When Don paid a brief visit to me yesterday afternoon, I had_been_writing a film review for hours.
昨天下午当唐来短暂拜访我的时候，我已经写了几个小时的影评了。
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.补全句子
1．We are_all_eager_to_see a brilliant opening ceremony of the 24th Winter Olympics to be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.
我们都期望看到将要在北京和张家口举行的第24届冬季奥运会的精彩的开幕式。
2．We must concentrate_our_efforts_on improving education.
我们必须致力于改进教育工作。
3．We want people to acquire_the_habit_of_using public transport instead of their cars.
我们希望人们养成使用公共交通而不是私家车的习惯。
4．The doctor demanded that the patient (should)_be_operated_on at once.
医生要求马上给这个病人动手术。
5．He is_not_only_the_pride_of_our_school,_but_(also)_the_pride_of all the people in our hometown.
他不但是我们学校的骄傲，而且是我们家乡人们的骄傲。
6．The accident has_reached_a_point_where both their parents are to be called in.
事情已经发展到如此程度，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。
Ⅱ.把下面句子改为倒装句
1．You will keep good relationships with others only when you find peace in your heart.
→Only_when_you_find_peace_in_your_heart_will_you_keep_good_relationships_with_others.
2．Look! Two kids come from the opposite street.
→Look!_From_the_opposite_street_come_two_kids.
3．Though he was faced with danger, the young man jumped into the river to save the struggling boy.
→Faced_with_danger_though_he_was,_the_young_man_jumped_into_the_river_to_save_the_struggling_boy.
4．People can not only work or study online, but they can also watch films or play games online.
→Not_only_can_people_work_or_study_online,_but_they_can_also_watch_films_or_play_games_online.
5．He had hardly arrived when it began to snow.
→Hardly_had_he_arrived_when_it_began_to_snow.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Walk into a newsroom of journalists and you will smell coffee brewing and see people rushing for their 14th bathroom break of the day. You will see a business “about people and why they do what they do, and what it all means”．
That's how Jack Smith, 72-year-old former newspaper reporter and editor, described it to 30 visiting students from Auburn and Opelika high schools on the Auburn University campus.
While growing up, Smith waited every day for the mail carrier to pull up in his 1939 Ford and drop the newspaper off. “I'd read and study every issue, sometimes for hours on end，” he said. The stories and design of the paper began his love for journalism.
His first route when he went to college wasn't journalism though. He first wanted to become a civil engineer until someone told him the amount of math and physics involved. He then changed to the business school, eventually making the move to journalism. Paul Burnett, standing on the same place as Smith did during his speech, inspired him while he was in college.
Smith walked up the steps to his first job at the Montgomery Advertiser earning $50 a week. His first task was to rewrite an article on Martin Luther King Jr.
“Those seemingly meaningless stories could be just as important as a story on the front page.” He told the students that it is a job that needs hard work and they have to be eager to go and do all again the next day.
“I'm glad I didn't decide to build the Golden Gate Bridge or take Wall Street by storm，” Smith said. That wouldn't have landed him a job that is so near his heart. For him, the sweat and pain in the life of a journalist was worth every moment.
语篇解读：一位退休的老新闻记者向一群学生讲述了作为记者的工作性质以及其中的甘苦。
1．When did Jack Smith first become interested in journalism?
A．When he was in college.
B．When he worked as a mail carrier.
C．When he was at the Montgomery Advertiser.
D．When he read newspapers while growing up.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第三段“The stories and design of the paper began his love for journalism.”可知，史密斯小时候就期待着送报纸的到来，读了报纸以后被报纸的设计及内容深深吸引，因此对新闻行业产生了兴趣。
2．Why did Jack Smith give up being a civil engineer?
A．He wasn't interested in it.
B．He wanted to learn business.
C．Paul Burnett inspired him to be a reporter.
D．His math and physics weren't good enough.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第四段“... until someone told him the amount of math and physics involved.”可推知，史密斯因为数学和物理不够好，因此放弃了当工程师的想法。
3．What did the students probably learn about journalism?
A．It is hard and boring.
B．It requires many talents.
C．It should focus on important events.
D．It deserves people's love and hard work.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知，史密斯向学生介绍说看起来没意思的故事可能跟头版的文章一样重要。而新闻这个行业需要努力工作，需要人们热爱它。
4．The last paragraph suggests that ________.
A．Smith tried many different jobs
B．journalism mostly gave Smith pleasure
C．Smith loves being a journalist from his heart
D．Smith would have chosen a more worthy job
解析：选C 推理判断题。由最后一段可知，史密斯对新闻行业由衷热爱，从未后悔过没有选择其他职业。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Both Jim's parents died when he was 12. No one showed __1__ (kind) to him, and he felt lonely. His only friend was a dog __2__ (name) Tigt. He gave his dog enough food to eat, __3__ sometimes he was not polite to Tigt.
One day, Jim walked slowly in the street with a young lady __4__ (walk) in front of him. Suddenly, the lady's bag dropped from her arm. As she stopped __5__ (pick) it up, Jim came to help her. “Thank you, dear! You are a nice boy，” she said kindly.
A special feeling came over him. These were the first kind words he __6__ (hear) since his parents passed away. He watched her until she went far away.
He repeated the lady's words and then he said to his dog, “You are a nice dog.” Tigt raised its ears and waved its tail __7__ (excite)．
“Even a dog likes it，” he said in __8__ amazing voice. From then on, he had a new life.
Jim, now a __9__ (success) businessman, said he would always remember that kind lady __10__ planted the first seed of love in his mind.
语篇解读：一个失去双亲孤独的小男孩在受到一位女士的表扬后改变了自己的一生，最后成为了一名成功的商人。
1．kindness 空格中所填单词在句中作showed的宾语，故需用kind的名词形式。
2．named named Tigt是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰dog。
3．but 前后两句之间意义上存在转折关系，故用but连接。
4．walking with a young lady walking in front of him是“with＋复合宾语”结构。
5．to pick stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做某事”。
6．had heard since引导的时间状语从句常与完成时连用，这里用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。
7．excitedly 空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词waved，需用excite的副词形式。
8．an in a(n) ... voice表示“用……声音说话”。amazing是以元音音素开头的单词，故用an。
9．successful 空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词businessman，故用success的形容词形式。
10．who 关系代词who引导限制性定语从句，先行词是that kind lady。
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U4【E】含答案
本单元的写作项目属于新课标中应用文体类别中的“新闻报道”。这类题目要求我们对最近发生的重大事件进行简要而迅速地报道。
一、基本结构
新闻报道一般包括四个部分：标题、导语、主体和结语。
1．标题是新闻的题目，是编辑对最有新闻价值的内容的浓缩、概括、提炼和再创造。撰写标题是为了撷取新闻要点、诠释新闻意义、吸引读者阅读。
2．导语是消息开头的第一段或第一句话，它简明扼要地揭示出消息的核心内容。
3．主体是消息的主要部分，它用充足的事实表现主题，是对导语内容的进一步展开和阐释。
4．结语一般是最后一句话或者一段话，通常对全文内容作概括性的总结和对新闻事件的发展趋势作出预测。有时，作者会根据报道的事实在结语中提出令人深思的问题。
二、增分佳句
1．It is reported that 58 people were killed, including 22 males and 36 females.
据报道，58人遇难，其中男性22人，女性36人。
2．Witnesses said the fire lasted for four hours.
目击者说大火持续了四个小时。
3．In my opinion, measures should be taken by the government to set up various schools and colleges to meet the needs of people.
我认为，政府应该采取措施建立各类学校以满足人们的需求。
4．Further details of what happened are still unclear.
事件的详情仍不清楚。
5．A big explosion broke out in Tianjin on August 12, 2015.
2015年8月12日一场大爆炸在天津发生。
6．“Saving the Earth” conference came to a close last Saturday.
“拯救地球”大会上周六结束。
7．The whole nation was shocked at the news.
听到这个消息举国震惊。
8．The conference urges the government of all countries to take necessary measures to get rid of pollution.
大会敦促各国政府采取必要措施消除污染。
[题目要求]
2016年5月1日，高二(3)班的学生志愿者李跃和张华去阳光敬老院(Sunshine Nursing Home)开展志愿者活动(送水果、打扫卫生、聊天等)。假设你是校英语报的记者，请按下列要点用英语写一则100词左右的新闻报道。
1．时间、地点、人物、活动；
2．老人们的反应；
3．简短评论。
注意：报道的标题和记者姓名已给出(不计入总词数)。
Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
By Chen Jie
School Newspaper
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本篇为新闻报道，属于应用文的范畴；
2．确定人称：以第三人称为主；
3．确定时态：描述事情的过程以一般过去时为主。
二、构思
第一部分，报道事实：时间、人物、事件。
第二部分，离别时老人们的反应。
第三部分，简短评论。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．Senior_Two 高二
2．voluntary 志愿的；自愿的
3．such_as 比如；例如
4．clean_the_windows 擦窗户
5．sweep_the_floor 拖地板
6．chat_with 和……聊天
7．joy 快乐；高兴
8．enrich 使……丰富
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1．李跃和张华是高二(3)班的学生。(主系表结构)
Li_Yue_and_Zhang_Hua_are_students_from_Class_Three,_Senior_Two.
2．2016年5月1日，他们去阳光敬老院做志愿工作。(and连接的并列句)
On_May_Day,_2016,_they_went_to_Sunshine_Nursing_Home_and_did_some_voluntary_work.
3．他们给老人送鲜花和水果。(主谓宾结构；present)
They_presented_the_elderly_with_flowers_and_fruits._
4．他们立即开始干活，比如擦窗户和拖地板。(such as)
They_started_working_at_once,_such_as_cleaning_the_windows_and_sweeping_the_floor.
5．他们坐在院子里和老人聊天。(主谓结构；and连接并列句)
They_sat_in_the_yard_and_chatted_with_the_elderly_people.
6．老人非常感激他们的友善。(主谓宾结构；kindness)
The_elderly_people_thanked_them_for_their_kindness.
7．他们说：他们将永远记住这美好的一天。(say＋宾语从句；such ... that ...)
They_said_it_was_such_a_beautiful_day_that_they_would_remember_it_forever.
8．志愿者活动给别人带来欢乐并且丰富了自己的生活。(主谓宾结构；bring joy to, enrich)
The_voluntary_work_has_brought_joy_to_others_and_enriched_their_own_lives.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用同位语改写句1后和句2合并为一个句子
On_May_Day,_2016,_Li_Yue_and_Zhang_Hua,_students_from_Class_Three,_Senior_Two,_went_to_Sunshine_Nursing_Home_and_did_some_voluntary_work.
2．用现在分词作状语改写句5
They_sat_in_the_yard_chatting_with_the_elderly_people.
3．用what引导主语从句改写句8
What_they_did_has_brought_joy_to_others_and_enriched_their_own_lives.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly
On_May_Day,_2016,_Li_Yue_and_Zhang_Hua,_students_from_Class_Three,_Senior_Two,_went_to_Sunshine_Nursing_Home_and_did_some_voluntary_work.The_moment_they_arrived,_they_presented_the_elderly_with_flowers_and_fruits_and_started_working_at_once,_such_as_cleaning_the_windows_and_sweeping_the_floor._Everything_done,_they_sat_in_the_yard_chatting_with_the_elderly_people.
When_it_was_time_for_them_to_leave,_the_elderly_people_thanked_them_for_their_kindness.They_said_it_was_such_a_beautiful_day_that_they__would_remember_it_forever.
Li_Yue_and_Zhang_Hua_were_very_happy.What_they_did_has_brought_joy_to_others_and_enriched_their_own_lives.
By Chen Jie
School Newspaper
2018高考英语（人教）英语一轮夯课本和练习：必修五U4【F】含答案
Last Monday, I was informed that our headteacher asked me to go to his office.I was delighted to go there.There were some other gifted classmates there.He assessed the progress we had made and accused us of our shortcomings.He stressed that our chief task is to accomplish our studying assignment before the deadline.And meanwhile, he said he was eager to see an admirable achievement we would make, for we had unusual intelligence.He demanded that we should pay more attention to the process of studying and assist each other in study.He asked us to study our lessons ahead of time and acquire the skills of study.At last, he said he dependedon us and in no case should we fail deliberately.After hearing what he said, I felt guilty.We all approved of his remarks and vowed to concentrate our attention on our study so as to be admitted to a famous university.Now I have been aware that in order to get a good profession after graduation I must polish my eyes and make a thorough change to avoid the dilemma before my parents.
上一周，有人通知我说班主任让我去他的办公室。我很高兴去那里，还有几个优秀的同学也去了。班主任评定了我们所取得的进步，也指责了我们的不足。他强调我们的主要任务是在最后期限之前完成我们的学习任务。同时，他说渴望看到我们能取得值得赞扬的成绩，因为我们有着与众不同的智慧。他要求我们应更加注意学习的过程，并在学习中互相帮助。他还要求我们要提前学习功课，获取学习的技巧。最后，他说他相信我们，而且无论如何我们都不能有意地失败。在听了他的一番话之后，我感到愧疚，我们都赞同他所说的，并发誓集中精力学习，为的是能被名牌大学录取。现在，我已经意识到为了在毕业之后找到一份好工作，我必须擦亮双眼，做一个彻底的改变，以免在我的父母面前出现窘境。
