2018高考英语一轮练习：人教必修五U4【A】含解析
单元加餐练（一）完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
I had one good day today. It started with a morning walk with my dogs in the starlight before __1__. It was so __2__. Looking up, I thanked God for the stars, the earth and my life. After the __3__， it was time for a warm breakfast __4__ by some exercises. Then I headed out to the office. The sun was out and the snow shone brightly. The __5__ made me smile, and I sang along with the CD playing in my car with a __6__ heart.
My good day was __7__ beginning, however. I gave a cheerful greeting to everyone I __8__. I whistled cheerfully. I __9__ smiles and was happy to have them returned. I __10__ a helping hand to one friend. Later at the store I __11__ the door for a lady with her arms full of packages. I __12__ a few boxes of pancakes. I told a tired cashier what a good job she was __13__ and watched her whole face light up.
When I got home, I gave my daughter a hug, __14__ my oldest son on the head, and __15__ with my youngest son before doing some work on the computer. Then I answered letters, trying to share a little good humor, a(n) __16__ word, and a loving thought with my friends around the world. Later in the evening, I spent some quiet time reading a good book. __17__， I ended the day the way I __18__ it: walking my dogs, and thanking God for the chance to __19__ for another good day.
Perhaps the __20__ to having a great life is to love all we have today.
语篇解读：作者以在清晨遛狗开始了美好的一天，又以遛狗结束了美好的一天。
1．A.noon B．evening
C．dusk D．dawn
解析：选D 根据“It started with a morning walk with my dogs”可知，作者是在黎明前去遛狗。
2．A.scary B．disappointing
C．beautiful D．cold
解析：选C 根据“Looking up, I thanked God for the stars, the earth and my life.”中的thanked可判断一切是那么的美好，那么的美丽。
3．A.walk B．rest
C．class D．preparation
解析：选A 根据“It started with a morning walk with my dogs”中的walk的提示可知答案。
4．A.improved B．affected
C．replaced D．followed
解析：选D 根据语境可知，此处是在依次介绍作者早上的一系列活动，由此可推断此处应意为早餐后，紧接着是一些活动。
5．A.incident B．sight
C．thought D．decision
解析：选B 根据“The sun was out and the snow shone brightly.”可推断此空应指作者上班路上所看到的景色。
6．A.heavy B．happy
C．broken D．warm
解析：选B 根据“I sang along with the CD playing in my car”可判断作者心情很好。
7．A.just B．still
C．soon D．even
解析：选A 结合上下文语境可判断此处应指作者美好的一天才刚刚开始。
8．A.admired B．missed
C．called D．met
解析：选D 根据“I gave a cheerful greeting”可判断此处应指作者与所遇到的每一个人打招呼。
9．A.needed B．shared
C．understood D．donated
解析：选B 作者与他人分享微笑，他人也冲着作者笑。
10．A.offered B．wanted
C．kept D．laid
解析：选A 根据上下文可知，作者帮助了一个朋友。
11．A.answered B．painted
C．opened D．cleaned
解析：选C 作者帮助一个抱着包裹的女士打开了门。
12．A.bought B．sold
C．required D．threw
解析：选A 根据“Later at the store ...”和“I told a tired cashier ...”可知，此处指作者在商店购买了几盒薄饼。
13．A.protecting B．finding
C．doing D．losing
解析：选C 作者称赞收银员工作做得很好。
14．A.hit B．kissed
C．spun D．shook
解析：选B 根据“I gave my daughter a hug”可判断此处指作者在大儿子的头上亲了一下。
15．A.fought B．dealt
C．agreed D．played
解析：选D 作者在进行工作之前，与小儿子玩耍了一会。
16．A.kind B．bitter
C．angry D．quick
解析：选A 根据“a little good humor”和“a loving thought”可推断出作者在信中与朋友分享快乐，故选A项。
17．A.Suddenly B．Strangely
C．Finally D．Unluckily
解析：选C 根据“I ended the day”可推断此处指做了很多事情以后，终于一天就要结束了。
18．A.planned B．started
C．remembered D．managed
解析：选B 根据“walking my dogs, and thanking God for the chance to __19__ for another good day”，再结合第一段可判断此处指作者一天的开始与结束的方式是一样的。
19．A.work B．care
C．ask D．live
解析：选D 作者感谢上帝又让他度过了美好的一天。
20．A.devotion B．desire
C．key D．response
解析：选C the key to ...表示“……的关键是”。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
The media provides us with the observations and experiences from which we build up our personal understanding of the world and how it works.Much of our view of reality is based on media messages.The media, to a great extent, gives us our sense of reality.
Freedom of the media carries with it certain responsibilities of honesty, fairness, accuracy and accountability.The power of the media to create and destroy human values comes with great responsibility.
The media is powerful in the political system, having great influence on politics and on forming social change.The power is to decide who will communicate what to whom.Television can greatly influence the election of a national leader on the basis of his or her image.
Professional journalists do have a code of ethics (道德标准)．Journalists make a judgment about what's safe and appropriate to report, which often involves difficult choices.German sociologist Max Weber distinguishes between “ethics of conviction” and “ethics of responsibility”．According to the latter (ethics of responsibility), journalists must take into account the foreseeable consequences of their reporting, and the impact it will have on society.The former, on the other hand, asks journalists to tell the truth, regardless of the consequences.According to Weber, both ideas of ethics should be considered.
Without doubt, information is power, and the big owners of the mass media are very powerful people.Television and radio stations, newspapers, magazines, and websites are, largely, owned and controlled by profit-making businesses.It is not strange that their ideas will get promoted at times.
It is my view that such power and responsibility should never be left in the hands of a few.I believe it is our responsibility as concerned citizens to make sure we are not merely passive viewers, readers or listeners.Together we can have a huge influence on the media by making our views known.
语篇解读：媒体对公众的价值观、对整个社会有着很大的影响，因此应肩负起相应的责任。
1．What's the first paragraph mainly about?
A．Responsibilities of the media.
B．Influence of the media.
C．History of the media.
D．Problems of the media.
解析：选B 段落大意题。第一段主要介绍媒体是如何影响公众的。
2．We can learn from the third paragraph that ________.
A．the media is more interested in politics than other fields
B．forming social change is the main duty of the media
C．the great power of the media is controlled by political figures
D．the media can affect politics by forming political figures' images
解析：选D 推理判断题。从第三段的最后一句“Television can greatly influence the election of a national leader on the basis of his or her image.”可知D项正确。
3．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．The mass media should be owned by the government.
B．The media industry has developed into a new age in recent years.
C．In most cases, journalists are more powerful than the owners of the media.
D．The media tends to promote the ideas of their owners sometimes.
解析：选D 细节理解题。从第五段的最后一句“It is not strange that their ideas will get promoted at times.”可知D项正确。
4．In the writer's opinion, citizens should ________.
A．trust the mass media
B．become an influence on the media
C．know how the media works
D．try to report news themselves
解析：选B 推理判断题。从最后一段的“it is our responsibility as concerned ... by making our views known.”可知B项正确。
加餐练(二) 第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
There is a special festival in Thailand that people and animals celebrate together. It's a festival for Thailand's elephants — the Surin Elephant Round-up and Elephant Show, __1__ takes place in the third week of November.
People in Surin are good at training elephants. The festival aims __2__ (show) the importance of elephants to Thailand and people's good relationship __3__ them.
__4__ attracts tourists most is the elephant parade. People __5__ (dress) in traditional Thai clothes and they decorate their elephants colorfully. After the parade, the elephants gather at a place to enjoy breakfast. They will eat up all the fruit __6__ (serve) to them within minutes.
There are many other interesting activities at the festival, too. For example, soccer __7__ (match) and dancing are held among elephants to show their __8__ (strong) and skills.
Elephants have always played __9__ important role in Thailand's history and culture. People used to use them in wars and they are now important for the logging industry and tourism. An elephant can carry about 500kg logs. They are __10__ (environment) friendly compared to machines.
语篇解读：本文主要介绍了在泰国关于大象的节日。
1．which 关系代词which修饰a festival for Thailand's elephants，引导非限制性定语从句。
2．to show/at showing aim to do sth./at doing sth.意思是“旨在做某事；目的是做某事”。
3．with relationship with ...是习惯搭配，意思是“与……的关系”。
4．What What attracts tourists most是主语从句。
5．are dressed be dressed in是习惯搭配，意思是“穿着……”；这里用一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
6．served served to them是过去分词短语作定语，修饰fruit，分词动作serve与逻辑主语fruit之间是动宾关系。
7．matches soccer matches是复数名词，表示一类事物。
8．strength 空格中所填单词在句中作show的宾语，需用strong的名词形式。
9．an play an important role in ...是习惯搭配，意思是“在……中起重要作用或扮演重要角色”。
10．environmentally environmentally friendly是习惯表达，意思是“环保的”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Last Monday, I was walking to the classroom while a card lying on the ground caught my eye. I picked it up, find that it was a canteen card but there was no name on it. I was puzzling about how I could return it to the owner. I suddenly came up a good idea: I could turn to the canteen for the help. With the card number, a worker in the canteen types the number into the computer and finally found the owner's names and class. Immediate, I went to the class and returned the card to her. She thanked me again and again, expressing her appreciate. Saying goodbye, I went back to attend my class. That I did made me feel a little proud.
答案：第一句：while→when
第二句：find→finding
第三句：puzzling→puzzled
第四句：up后加with; 去掉第二个the
第五句：types→typed; names→name
第六句：Immediate→Immediately
第七句：appreciate→appreciation
第九句：That→What
Ⅲ.书面表达
假设你是校学生会主席王林，你校组织来自15个班级的300名学生参观了全球变暖的图片展。请你根据以下要点提示给校报写一篇通讯报道。
1．12月7日参观全球变暖图片展；
2．了解了全球变暖的原因和危害；听志愿者讲解了全球变暖知识；了解了人们在应对全球变暖方面所取得的进步；
3．通过这次参观，同学们提高了环保意识，明确了应该怎样做来保护环境。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
On December 7th, 300 students from 15 classes went to a picture exhibition about global warming.
We looked at many pictures, most of which we hadn't seen before. From these pictures, we learned about the reason for global warming and the damage caused by it. In addition, we gained knowledge about global warming by listening to volunteers' explanation. Moreover, we knew about the progress that human beings have made in dealing with global warming.
This short visit benefited us a lot. On the one hand, it increased our environmental awareness; on the other hand, it made us realize what measures we should take to protect our environment.
2018高考英语一轮练习：人教必修五U4【B】含解析
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The governor said all applications must be submitted (递交) by Monday.
2．Now that you are eager (渴望) to join the school football team, why not try out for it?
3．A good dictionary will assist (帮助) you in understanding English.
4．After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire (获得) confidence.
5．Teenagers should concentrate (集中) on their studies though there are a lot of attractions around them.
6．I believe the house was deliberately (故意地) set fire to.
7．The incomes of skilled workers went up. Meanwhile (同时), unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.
8．I am rather sceptical (怀疑) about the full marks that he got in the recent English test, because he never studies.
9．The teacher demanded (要求) an explanation for his absence from class.
10．You should keep us informed (告知) whenever you are in trouble.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．They were delighted to the news that their team had won.to→at/by/with
2．In the rush hour, hiring a taxi for you to do what you are eagerly to do may be a better choice in our city.eagerly→eager
3．The newspapers keep us inform of what is going on around us at any time.inform→informed
4．Leave your key with your neighbor in case of you lock yourself out one day.去掉of
5．The monitor came in and demanded all the students present there must finish the task in two hours.去掉_must_或_must→should
6．Not only the citizens but also the expert were against the plan.were→was
7．You may depend on that Tom will help you with your English.on后加it
8．The people wanted to accuse him stealing their purses. him后加of
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．I am_delighted_to_receive_an_email from you. As for the party on July 1st, I shall be pleased to attend.
我很高兴收到你的电子邮件。关于7月1日的聚会，我将很乐意参加。
2．It is important to read regularly if you are_eager_to_improve_your_English.
如果你渴望提高英语，经常性的阅读是很重要的。
3．(2012·浙江高考书面表达) Your future depends_on_many_things,_but mostly on you.
你的未来取决于很多东西，但是主要在于你。
4．Enough free space should be given to the kids; in_that_case,_they will get more life experience.
应该给予孩子足够的自由空间，那样的话孩子会得到更多的生活经历。
5．Concentrate_on_your_study,_and you will make greater progress.
集中精力学习，你就能够取得更大的进步。
6．The manager promised that they would try to meet/satisfy_their_customers'_
demands.
经理许诺他们会尽力满足顾客的需求。
7．(2015·浙江高考书面表达) By doing so, I can not_only_share_good_ideas_with_
others_but_(also)_learn_to_express_myself_clearly.
通过这样做，我不仅能够和别人分享我的观点，还能够学会清晰地表达自己。
8．(2014·天津高考书面表达) Only_by_understanding_and_learning_from_each_other
_can_we spend those days together happily.
只有通过相互理解彼此学习我们才能一起开心地度过那些美好的日子。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
It is Zhou Yang's first day at the office of a popular English newspaper. He is excited and eager to go out 1.on a story on his own, but he can't because he isn't 2.experienced (experience) enough. His new boss, Hu Xin, is sharing with him 3.how to be a good reporter.
To be a good reporter, one needs to be curious, which 4.enables (able) one to ask many different questions and acquire all the information he needs to know. Besides, it's important for a reporter to have a “nose” 5.for a story, 6.knowing (know) if someone is telling the truth. And while interviewing people, a reporter has to listen to the answers carefully because he has to listen to the 7.detailed (detail) facts and prepare the next question 8.depending (depend) on what people say. If possible, a reporter can 9.record (recorder) the interview in case he 10.is_accused (accuse) of printing lies.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
今天早上，老师通知(inform)汤姆去他的办公室，责备(accuse)他在最近的这次考试中作弊；并要求(demand)汤姆集中精力(concentrate)学习，依靠(depend on)自己来获得(acquire)丰富的知识。汤姆说再也不会(in no case)在考试中作弊了。
This_morning,_the_teacher_informed_Tom_to_go_to_his_office,_where_he_accused_Tom_of_cheating_in_the_latest_exam._He_demanded_that_Tom_should_concentrate_his_attention_on_learning_and_depend_on_himself_to_acquire_rich_knowledge._Tom_said_that_in_no_case_would_he_cheat_in_the_exam.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
I often remember those good old days when life was relatively simpler, and people were much more humane (有人情味的) and __1__. Recently, to my surprise, I got the __2__ to experience that same __3__ that I thought had disappeared from the world.
I was out shopping the other day with my husband, two daughters and one granddaughter. It was very hot, and we were all obviously __4__ and hungry. We entered a restaurant, looking for some __5__ and comfort.
To our __6__， all the tables were occupied (占用) and no one seemed in a hurry to get up. We waited, tired, hungry and __7__. After quite some time, one table was vacated (腾出), but that could __8__ only two of us. My daughter made me sit along with her father, __9__ she and my other daughter stood alongside.
My granddaughter sat on my lap as we __10__ us, waiting for another table to be vacated soon. At the next table, two young girls were sitting at a table for four and __11__ their meal. We decided to __12__ to their table, once they __13__ their lunch.
Since the girls had just got their order, I knew it would be a __14__ wait. As we were deciding on what to order, one of the girls got up and __15__ their table to us. She said they would move to our table so that my family could sit __16__.
We were very __17__ of their kind gesture. We thanked them warmly and moved to their table. The girls quickly __18__ their plates and glasses and went to sit at our table.
That day, I thought to myself there still were some kind, __19__ and helpful youngsters in this fast moving non-caring world; and my __20__ in humanity was brought back once again.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。在餐馆里一对小姑娘的举动又重新唤起了作者对人性的思考与信心。
1．A.more confident B．more responsible
C．gentler D．wiser
解析：选C 由上文中的“life ... simpler”和“humane”可知，那时候生活相对简单，人们更有人情味，“更和善(gentler)”。
2．A.way B．opportunity
C．time D．pleasure
解析：选B 由文中的描述可知，“我”有“机会(opportunity)”体验到“我”以为已经从世界上消失了的“温暖(warmth)”。
3．A.warmth B．attitude
C．trouble D．situation
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
4．A.angry B．happy
C．wet D．exhausted
解析：选D 由下文中的“looking for some __5__ and comfort”可知，我们又“累(exhausted)”又饿。
5．A.tables B．food
C．drinks D．information
解析：选B 由上文中的“hungry”和“a restaurant”可知，我们走进一家餐馆，想吃点“东西(food)”，顺便休息一下。
6．A.amazement B．regret
C．disappointment D．delight
解析：选C 由下文中的“all the tables were occupied and no one seemed in a hurry to get up”可知，这让我们很“失望(disappointment)”。
7．A.impatient B．worried
C．dissatisfied D．terrified
解析：选A 由文中的描述可知，我们等着，又累又饿，有点“不耐烦(impatient)”了。
8．A.hold B．seat
C．save D．include
解析：选B 这张桌子只能“坐(seat)”两个人。
9．A.while B．though
C．since D．before
解析：选A “我”女儿让“我”和她父亲坐下，“而(while)”她们站在一旁。
10．A.walked around B．paid for
C．looked around D．depended on
解析：选C 由下文中的“waiting for another table to be vacated soon”可知，我们“环顾四周(looked around)”，等待着有另一张桌子空出来。
11．A.making B．cooking
C．preparing D．enjoying
解析：选D 旁边的桌上，两个年轻的女孩坐在一张四人桌上，“吃着(enjoying)”午餐。
12．A.turn B．move
C．come D．stick
解析：选B 由下文中的“moved to their table”可知，我们决定等她们“吃完(finished)”午餐，就“移到(move)”她们那一桌。
13．A.started B．shared
C．left D．finished
解析：选D 参见上题解析。
14．A.boring B．nervous
C．long D．quiet
解析：选C 由上文中的“the girls had just got their order”可知，这将会是“漫长的(long)”等待。
15．A.showed B．returned
C．lent D．offered
解析：选D 由下文的描述可知，一个女孩起身把她们的桌子“让(offered)”给我们。
16．A.comfortably B．easily
C．back D．together
解析：选D 她们会搬到我们这一桌，这样我们一家人就可以坐在“一起(together)”了。
17．A.appreciative B．proud
C．fond D．afraid
解析：选A 由下文中的“We thanked them warmly”可知，我们非常“感激(appreciative)”她们的善意。
18．A.cleared away B．gave up
C．put away D．picked up
解析：选D 这两个女孩赶紧“拿起(picked up)”自己的盘子和杯子，坐到了我们那一桌。
19．A.careful B．common
C．polite D．smart
解析：选C 由文中的描述可知，作者认为还是有些善良的、“有礼貌的(polite)”、乐于助人的年轻人。
20．A.hope B．faith
C．love D．effort
解析：选B “我”对人性又重拾“信心(faith)”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Today some classmate and I served at the Capital Library as volunteers. At 9 o'clock, we gathered at the gate of the library. After getting into the library, we first trained by a librarian on when to operate the computers to borrow or return books. Then, wear the volunteer uniform, we got down on our work. Some helped put books on the shelves but some offered assistance to the people who had difficulty using the computers. All of us took our tasks serious.
In the late afternoon, we said goodbye to the workers. On the way back, we share our feelings happily. By doing voluntary work, we were able to help the others. We all believe volunteering is rewarding and looking forward to doing more voluntary work.
答案：第一句：classmate→classmates
第三句：first前加were; when→how
第四句：wear→wearing; on→to
第五句：but→and
第六句：serious→seriously
第八句：share→shared
第九句：去掉the
第十句：looking→look或looking前加are
2018高考英语一轮练习：人教必修五U4【C】含解析
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．His father was a senior (高级的) officer at the bank.
2．I'm afraid your teacher won't approve (同意) of your going there.
3．More than 100 applications for travel visas have to be processed (处理)．
4．The appointment (任命) of a new mayor was reported in the newspaper.
5．I have formed the habit of polishing (擦亮) my shoes before I leave home.
6．They were making efforts to provide time and accurate (准确的) weather forecasts during the Olympic Games.
7．Rice is the chief (主要的) crop in most southern provinces.
8．Sam has been appointed as manager of the engineering department (部门) to take the place of George.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．The time in London is five hours ahead that in New York.ahead后加of
2．They were excited that their product was superior than their competitors'.than→to
3．Catherine's mother will never approve her marriage to you.approve后加of
4．Our company is in process of moving to the new offices.process前加the
5．Phone his secretary and make appointment.make后加an
6．The bus we have been waiting was too crowded, so we decided to catch a later one.have→had
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．My husband who is_three_years_senior_to me, is very considerate and always places me in the first place.
比我大三岁的丈夫，非常体贴，总是把我放在首位。
2．My father doesn't approve_of_my_leaving_school this year.
我父亲不同意我今年离校。
3．You should phone the doctor if you want to make_an_appointment.
如果你想预约，必须给医生打电话。
4．The little girl wanted to polish_all_the_furniture with a piece of cloth in the house to help her mother do some housework.
这个小女孩想要用一块布把屋子里的所有家具擦亮来帮助她的母亲做家务。
5．When Don paid a brief visit to me yesterday afternoon, I had_been_writing a film review for hours.
昨天下午当唐来短暂拜访我的时候，我已经写了几个小时的影评了。
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.补全句子
1．We are_all_eager_to_see a brilliant opening ceremony of the 24th Winter Olympics to be held in Beijing and Zhangjiakou.
我们都期望看到将要在北京和张家口举行的第24届冬季奥运会的精彩的开幕式。
2．We must concentrate_our_efforts_on improving education.
我们必须致力于改进教育工作。
3．We want people to acquire_the_habit_of_using public transport instead of their cars.
我们希望人们养成使用公共交通而不是私家车的习惯。
4．The doctor demanded that the patient (should)_be_operated_on at once.
医生要求马上给这个病人动手术。
5．He is_not_only_the_pride_of_our_school,_but_(also)_the_pride_of all the people in our hometown.
他不但是我们学校的骄傲，而且是我们家乡人们的骄傲。
6．The accident has_reached_a_point_where both their parents are to be called in.
事情已经发展到如此程度，不得不请双方家长来一趟了。
Ⅱ.把下面句子改为倒装句
1．You will keep good relationships with others only when you find peace in your heart.
→Only_when_you_find_peace_in_your_heart_will_you_keep_good_relationships_with_others.
2．Look! Two kids come from the opposite street.
→Look!_From_the_opposite_street_come_two_kids.
3．Though he was faced with danger, the young man jumped into the river to save the struggling boy.
→Faced_with_danger_though_he_was,_the_young_man_jumped_into_the_river_to_save_the_struggling_boy.
4．People can not only work or study online, but they can also watch films or play games online.
→Not_only_can_people_work_or_study_online,_but_they_can_also_watch_films_or_play_games_online.
5．He had hardly arrived when it began to snow.
→Hardly_had_he_arrived_when_it_began_to_snow.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Walk into a newsroom of journalists and you will smell coffee brewing and see people rushing for their 14th bathroom break of the day. You will see a business “about people and why they do what they do, and what it all means”．
That's how Jack Smith, 72-year-old former newspaper reporter and editor, described it to 30 visiting students from Auburn and Opelika high schools on the Auburn University campus.
While growing up, Smith waited every day for the mail carrier to pull up in his 1939 Ford and drop the newspaper off. “I'd read and study every issue, sometimes for hours on end，” he said. The stories and design of the paper began his love for journalism.
His first route when he went to college wasn't journalism though. He first wanted to become a civil engineer until someone told him the amount of math and physics involved. He then changed to the business school, eventually making the move to journalism. Paul Burnett, standing on the same place as Smith did during his speech, inspired him while he was in college.
Smith walked up the steps to his first job at the Montgomery Advertiser earning $50 a week. His first task was to rewrite an article on Martin Luther King Jr.
“Those seemingly meaningless stories could be just as important as a story on the front page.” He told the students that it is a job that needs hard work and they have to be eager to go and do all again the next day.
“I'm glad I didn't decide to build the Golden Gate Bridge or take Wall Street by storm，” Smith said. That wouldn't have landed him a job that is so near his heart. For him, the sweat and pain in the life of a journalist was worth every moment.
语篇解读：一位退休的老新闻记者向一群学生讲述了作为记者的工作性质以及其中的甘苦。
1．When did Jack Smith first become interested in journalism?
A．When he was in college.
B．When he worked as a mail carrier.
C．When he was at the Montgomery Advertiser.
D．When he read newspapers while growing up.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第三段“The stories and design of the paper began his love for journalism.”可知，史密斯小时候就期待着送报纸的到来，读了报纸以后被报纸的设计及内容深深吸引，因此对新闻行业产生了兴趣。
2．Why did Jack Smith give up being a civil engineer?
A．He wasn't interested in it.
B．He wanted to learn business.
C．Paul Burnett inspired him to be a reporter.
D．His math and physics weren't good enough.
解析：选D 推理判断题。由第四段“... until someone told him the amount of math and physics involved.”可推知，史密斯因为数学和物理不够好，因此放弃了当工程师的想法。
3．What did the students probably learn about journalism?
A．It is hard and boring.
B．It requires many talents.
C．It should focus on important events.
D．It deserves people's love and hard work.
解析：选D 细节理解题。由倒数第二段可知，史密斯向学生介绍说看起来没意思的故事可能跟头版的文章一样重要。而新闻这个行业需要努力工作，需要人们热爱它。
4．The last paragraph suggests that ________.
A．Smith tried many different jobs
B．journalism mostly gave Smith pleasure
C．Smith loves being a journalist from his heart
D．Smith would have chosen a more worthy job
解析：选C 推理判断题。由最后一段可知，史密斯对新闻行业由衷热爱，从未后悔过没有选择其他职业。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Both Jim's parents died when he was 12. No one showed __1__ (kind) to him, and he felt lonely. His only friend was a dog __2__ (name) Tigt. He gave his dog enough food to eat, __3__ sometimes he was not polite to Tigt.
One day, Jim walked slowly in the street with a young lady __4__ (walk) in front of him. Suddenly, the lady's bag dropped from her arm. As she stopped __5__ (pick) it up, Jim came to help her. “Thank you, dear! You are a nice boy，” she said kindly.
A special feeling came over him. These were the first kind words he __6__ (hear) since his parents passed away. He watched her until she went far away.
He repeated the lady's words and then he said to his dog, “You are a nice dog.” Tigt raised its ears and waved its tail __7__ (excite)．
“Even a dog likes it，” he said in __8__ amazing voice. From then on, he had a new life.
Jim, now a __9__ (success) businessman, said he would always remember that kind lady __10__ planted the first seed of love in his mind.
语篇解读：一个失去双亲孤独的小男孩在受到一位女士的表扬后改变了自己的一生，最后成为了一名成功的商人。
1．kindness 空格中所填单词在句中作showed的宾语，故需用kind的名词形式。
2．named named Tigt是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰dog。
3．but 前后两句之间意义上存在转折关系，故用but连接。
4．walking with a young lady walking in front of him是“with＋复合宾语”结构。
5．to pick stop to do sth.表示“停下来去做某事”。
6．had heard since引导的时间状语从句常与完成时连用，这里用过去完成时表示“过去的过去”。
7．excitedly 空格中所填单词在句中修饰谓语动词waved，需用excite的副词形式。
8．an in a(n) ... voice表示“用……声音说话”。amazing是以元音音素开头的单词，故用an。
9．successful 空格中所填单词在句中作定语，修饰名词businessman，故用success的形容词形式。
10．who 关系代词who引导限制性定语从句，先行词是that kind lady。
2018高考英语一轮练习：人教必修五U4【D】含解析
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The first newspapers were written by hand and put up on walls in public places. The earliest daily newspaper was started in Rome in 59 BC. In the 700s the world's first printed newspaper was published. Europe didn't have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany.
The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam in 1620. In 1621, an English newspaper was started in London and was published once a week. The first daily English newspaper was the Daily Courant (《每日新闻》). It came out in March, 1702.
In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston. But not long after it was first published, the government stopped the paper. In 1704, John Campbell started The Boston Newsletter (《波士顿新闻通讯》), the first newspaper published in the American colonies. By 1760, the colonies had more than thirty daily newspapers. There are now about 1,800 daily papers in the United States.
Today, as a group, English language newspapers have the largest circulation (发行量) in the world. But the largest circulation for a newspaper is that of the Japanese newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun (《读卖新闻》). It sells more than 10 million copies every day.
语篇解读：本文主要讲述了报纸的发展史。
1．The first regularly published newspaper in Europe was printed in ________.
A．England B．Germany
C．France D．Sweden
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“Europe didn't have a regularly published newspaper until 1609, when one was started in Germany.”可推知答案。
2．The first printed newspaper in America came out in ________.
A．Washington B．New York
C．Boston D．New Orleans
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第三段第一句“In 1690, Benjamin Harris printed the first American newspaper in Boston.”可知选C。
3．Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A．The first regularly published newspaper in the English language was printed in Amsterdam.
B．English language newspapers sell more than 10 million copies every day.
C．Europe didn't have a regularly published newspaper in 1608.
D．The first daily English newspaper came out in March, 1702.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由最后一段可知，日本的《读卖新闻》发行量每天超过10 000 000份，而不是英语报纸。
B
Newspapers are not nearly as popular today as they were in the past. There are not very many people who seriously read a newspaper every day. Most people only read the sports pages, the advice or the gossip columns,
the comics, and perhaps the classified advertisements. Most people don't take time to read real news. Newspapers attempt to catch the reader's interest with pictures and exciting headlines. These techniques are used on the front page because it is the first thing you see when you pick up the paper. The first page attracts attention and encourages the reader to look through the rest of the paper. This is why editors always look for a good first page story and a headline to make them stop and look. If the headline is horrible enough or frightening enough or wild enough, perhaps they will go on to read the front page. However, they may read the headlines, but that is all, then they turn to the sports page, or comics, or advertisements.
It seems that people do not want the news from a newspaper any more. They say they get the news on television now. More people watch television news because it is easier and more interesting than reading a newspaper. What about you? Do you read news from a newspaper? Do you think it is easier to get news from television? Or do you care about news at all? Would you mind if there were no news?
语篇解读：现如今网络的发展对纸质报纸的冲击很大。本文作者呼吁大家更多地关注报纸。
4．According to the passage, newspapers are ________.
A．more popular today
B．less popular today
C．as popular as before
D．getting more and more popular
解析：选B 细节理解题。关键是理解文章的第一句话，由此可知报纸的地位已不如从前。
5．According to the author, which of the following newspapers will most probably attract the reader's attention?
A．The ones with interesting pictures and exciting headlines on the front page.
B．The ones with sports news on the front page.
C．The ones with classified ads on the front page.
D．The ones with gossip columns on the front page.
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第一段第五句可知，新闻往往用一些图片和令人感兴趣的标题来吸引读者注意。
6．According to the passage, most people read all of the following EXCEPT ________.
A．the sports page B．comics
C．advertisements D．real news
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第三、四句可以找到答案。
7．The author's attitude towards newspapers is ________.
A．sympathetic B．critical
C．negative D．undetermined
解析：选A 作者态度题。由文章的第一句话可知作者对报纸今非昔比的状况有点感慨，作者认为报纸应该受到人们更多的关注。
C
During an airport delay (延误) the man to the left, a Korean perhaps, starts talking to the man opposite, who might be Colombian, and soon they are chatting away in what seems to be English. But the native English speaker sitting between them cannot understand what they are saying.
The Korean and the Colombian are actually speaking Globish, the latest addition to the 6,800 languages that are said to be spoken across the world. Not that its inventor, Jean-Paul Nerrière, considers it a proper language.
“It is not a language; it is a tool，” he says. “A language is the vehicle of a culture. Globish doesn't want to be that at all.” It is a means of simplifying the English language and giving it rules so it can be understood by all.
Globish involves a vocabulary limited to 1,500 words, short sentences, basic grammar rules, and many hand gestures to get the point across. The word list goes from “able” to “zero”. “Niece and nephew are not included, but you can replace them with the children of my brother，” Nerrière says.
The seeds for Globish came about in the 1980s when Nerrière was working for IBM in Paris with colleagues of about 40 nationalities. At a meeting where they were to be addressed (演讲) by two Americans whose flight had been delayed, they started talking in their low-quality English. Then the Americans arrived and beyond their opening phrases, “Call me Jim，” “Call me Bill，” no one understood a word. And Jim and Bill, needless to say, did not understand the audience's English.
“My colleagues all, like me, spoke low-quality English. One might have a vocabulary of 2,000 words, another of 1,200 and not the same words. One of the things of interest in Globish is that with 1,500 words you can express everything. People all over the world will speak with the same limited vocabulary，” says Nerrière.
Nerrière believes that with 182 hours' learning the student should be able to communicate in Globish. It is not a pretty language — full of redundancies (冗语) — but Nerrière repeats that it is nothing but a tool. “It is not the language of great writers such as Shakespeare, Faulkner or Virginia Woolf，” he explains.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种只有1 500个单词的国际辅助语——全球语。
8．The native English speaker mentioned in the first paragraph ________.
A．knows the Colombian B．can't speak Globish
C．doesn't like chatting D．can speak Korean
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“But the native English speaker sitting between them cannot understand what they are saying.”可知，这个以英语为母语的人不懂全球语。
9．According to Nerrière, Globish is ________.
A．a proper language B．the vehicle of a culture
C．a means of communication D．the rule of the English language
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“It is not a language; it is a tool”和“It is a means ... so it can be understood by all.”可知，Nerrière认为全球语只是一种交流的工具。
10．Which of the following words can be used to describe the meeting in the 1980s?
A．Interesting. B．Amazing.
C．Unimportant. D．Unsuccessful.
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第五段可知，Nerrière和他的同事们听不懂两个美国人的演讲，美国人也听不懂观众的英语，由此可见这次会议很不成功。
11．What can we learn about Globish?
A．It creates many new words.
B．It is very difficult to learn.
C．It doesn't require grammar rules.
D．It contains a list of 1,500 words.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段的“Globish involves a vocabulary limited to 1,500 words”可知。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
For better grades — use your brain!
If you're like most students, you probably started this new school year with an air of determination to study harder. Now science can help you. Recent discoveries in brain research point to better ways to learn.
Think of the last time you looked up a number in the telephone book and dialed it. Could you remember that number five minutes later? Probably not! __1__ But if you can put the phone number into long-term memory, you'll remember that same phone number next week.
When you study, you transfer (转移) new information into long-term memory. Every time we learn something new, the structure of the brain actually changes, as we build new connections to information that we already know. __2__
Brain researchers have discovered three key points for better study.
◆__3__ Your brain can process only a limited amount of information at one time, so don't try to remember every detail. When studying a textbook, look for titles and headings to show you the main ideas.
◆Make the new brain connections stronger. __4__ This is the most powerful way to transfer information from short-term to long-term memory. Another way is drawing a picture of the information, to make the visual (视觉的) part of the brain active.
◆Give the new material time to soak in (渗入) — your brain has to build new physical connections. __5__ And cramming (突击式学习) the night before a big test doesn't help.
A．Try to make an effort.
B．That's because it's in your short-term memory.
C．We know we will need the information in the future.
D．Find the most important information and organize it.
E．One method is to recite the ideas out loud in your own words.
F．For this reason, it's better to study for several short periods than one long one.
G．When there are more connections to the new information, it's easier to find it again.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何使用大脑更好地学习。
1．选B 根据上文的“Probably not！”可知，五分钟以后你忘记了刚拨过的电话号码，那是因为这组号码是以短期记忆的形式被储存的。
2．选G G项中的“more connections to the new information”与上文中的“we learn something new ... we build new connections to information that we already know”相呼应。
3．选D 根据下文中的“don't try to remember every detail”可知，学习时应该是寻找最重要的信息。
4．选E 根据下文的“This is the most powerful way”和“Another way”可知，本段是大脑研究者提出的“Make the new brain connections stronger”的两种方法。
5．选F 本段的“Give the new material time to soak in”是对F项中的“better to study for several short periods than one long one”的解释。
