Unit 5 Music
Silentnight is a Christmas carol. It is now one of the most recorded songs in the world. The words of Silentnight were written by Fr. Joseph Mohr in Austria in 1816 and the music was added in 1818, by his friend Franz Xaver Gruber, for the Christmas service at St. Nicholas church in Austria.
It's said thatFr. Mohr wanted the carol to be sung by the children at the midnight Christmas Eve service, as a surprise for their parents. But in the middle of practising the organ (风琴) broke. So the children had to learn the carol only accompanied (伴奏) by a guitar. They learnt the carol so well thatthey could sing it without accompaniment.
However, there are no records to show that a children's choir (合唱团) took part or that the organ was broken! Mohr set down the guitar arrangement (改编曲) on paper around 1820. There are various Silentnight arrangements that were written by Franz Gruber in later years.
At first, the words of the song were in German and itwas translated into English in 1863 by John Freeman Young. It's thought thatthe song might have travelled around the area with an organ repairman, Karl Mauracher, who could have taken an early arrangement with him in about 1820. Then two singing families seem to have discovered the song and performed it as part of their concerts. In December 1832, the Strasser family performed it at a concert. It was first performed in the USA in 1839 by the Rainer family in New York City. During this time the tune (曲调) changed to the one we know and sing today!
Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Pre reading
[原文呈现][读文清障]
THE BAND THAT WASN'THave you ever wanted to be part of a band as a famous singer or musician①？ Have you ever dreamed of② playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music③？ Do you sing karaoke and pretend④ you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan To be honest⑤， a lot of people attachgreat importance to⑥ becoming rich and famous. But just how do people form⑦ a band Many musicians meet and form a band because they like to write and play their own music⑧. They may start as a group of high school students, for whom practising their music in someone's house is the first step to fame⑨. Sometimes they may play to passers by⑩ in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments . Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash . Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies to become millionaires ！ ①musician/mju 'zI n/n.音乐家②dream of梦见；梦想；设想可接动名词作宾语。③at which引导非限制性定语从句，可用where替换。④pretend/prI'tend/vt.假装；假扮⑤to be honest说实在地；实话说，常用作插入语。⑥attach ... to认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接attach/ 't t /vt.&vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接attach importance to重视⑦form/f m/vt.(使)组成；形成；构成⑧because引导原因状语从句。⑨fame/feIm/n.名声；名望for whom引导非限制性定语从句，该从句的主语由动名词短语充当。the first step to fame成名的第一步⑩passer by/ pɑ s 'baI/n.过路人；行人复数形式为passers by。 earn/ n/vt.赚；挣得；获得earn one's/a living谋生so that引导目的状语从句。 extra/'ekstr /adj.额外的；外加的 instrument/'Instr m nt/n.工具；器械；乐器 performance/p 'f m ns/n.表演；演奏give performances表演，演出 pub/p b/n.酒馆；酒吧 in cash用现金；有现钱 studio/'stju dI /n.工作室；演播室，复数为studios。 millionaire/ mIlj 'ne /n.百万富翁；富豪
并非乐队的乐队
[第1～2段译文]
你曾经想过要成为一个乐队里有名的歌手或音乐家吗？你是否曾梦想过在音乐会上面对成千上万的观众演唱，而音乐会上的每个人都欣赏你的音乐并为你鼓掌呢？你唱过卡拉OK并假装自己就像是宋祖英或刘欢一样著名的歌星吗？说实在的，很多人把名和利看得很重要。那么，人们又是怎样一起组成乐队的呢？
许多音乐家聚在一起组成乐队，是因为他们喜欢自己作曲并演奏自己的音乐。他们开始可能是一群中学生，对他们来说，在某个人家里排练音乐是成名的第一步。有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为过路者演奏，这样他们可以为自己或自己要买的乐器多挣一些钱。后来，他们可能在酒吧或者俱乐部里演出，并为此得到现金报酬。当然，他们希望在录音棚里录音，然后卖掉数百万张碟，从而成为百万富翁！
However, there was one band that started in a different way . It was called the Monkees and began as a TV show. The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles. The TV organizers had planned to find four musicians who could act as well as sing. They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians， but they could only find one who was good enough. They had to use actors for the other three members of the band.As some of these actors could not sing well enough， they had to rely on other musicians to help them. So during the broadcasts they just pretended to sing. Anyhow their performances were humorous enough to be copied by other groups. They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them. Each week on TV, the Monkees would play and sing songs written by other musicians. However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band. Then they produced their own records and started touring and playing their own music. In the USA they became even more popular than the Beatles and sold even more records. The band broke up about 1970, but happily they reunited in the mid 1980s. They produced a new record in 1996, with which they celebrated their former time as a real band. that引导定语从句，修饰band。 the Monkees/'m ki z/门基乐队TV show电视表演；电视秀play jokes on戏弄，也可说play a joke on。be based on以……为基础；仿照……most of which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子。the Beatles甲壳虫乐队had planned to do本来计划去做某事，但事实上没做成。是一种虚拟语气的用法。looking for ...为现在分词短语作伴随状语。actor/' kt /n.男演员；行动者as引导原因状语从句。rely on依赖；依靠，也作rely upon。rely/rI'laI/vi.依赖；依靠broadcast/'br dkɑ st/n.广播；播放vi.&vt.(broadcast; broadcast)广播；播放humorous/'hju m r s/adj.幽默的；诙谐的copy v．模仿，仿效；(考试时)作弊；剽窃be/get familiar with 熟悉；与……熟悉起来；主语往往是人。familiar/f 'mIlI /adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的be familiar to sb.主语往往是物，意为“某物为某人所熟知”。They were so ... that ... in order to ...含有so ... that引导的结果状语从句；that从句中的in order to ...作目的状语。过去分词短语作定语，修饰songs。or so大约，必须放在被修饰词的后面，而about和some应放在被修饰词的前面。break up打碎；分裂；解体reunite/ ri ju 'naIt/vt.再统一；再联合；重聚
[第3～4段译文]
然而，也有一个用不同方式组建起来的乐队。这支乐队叫“门基乐队”，它开始时是以电视节目表演的形式出现的。组成乐队的音乐人一边演奏音乐，一边彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。电视制作人原计划寻找四位既会唱又会表演的乐手。他们在报纸上登了一则广告，想招摇滚乐手，但他们只招到一个满意的。他们只能用演员来代替乐队的其他三人。,因为这些演员中有些人唱得不是很好，他们不得不依靠其他乐手帮助。所以在演出的时候他们只是假唱。不管怎样，他们的表演非常幽默，使得其他的乐队也开始模仿。他们如此受欢迎以至于歌迷们为了更加熟悉他们而成立了俱乐部。“门基乐队”每个星期都要在电视上演唱由别的音乐家创作的歌曲。然而，经过大约一年以后，“门基乐队”逐渐对自己的工作认真起来，他们开始像一支真正的乐队那样表演并演唱自己创作的歌曲。然后他们录制了自己的唱片，并且开始巡回表演他们自己的音乐。在美国，他们甚至比“甲壳虫”乐队还要受欢迎，出售的录音专辑还要多。“门基乐队”大约在1970年解散，但令人高兴的是，在20世纪80年代中期他们再次聚首。在1996年，他们推出了一张新的专辑，以此来庆祝他们真正成为乐队以来的那段时光。
Pre reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．roll A．音乐家
2．folk B．广播；播放
3．musician C．滚动
4．pretend D．男演员；行动者
5．form E．工具；器械；乐器
6．earn F．民间的
7．extra G．(使)组成；形成
8．instrument H．吸引人的；有吸引力的
9．perform I．额外的；外加的
10．actor J．假装；假扮
11．broadcast K．赚；挣得；获得
12．humorous L．表演；履行；执行
13．attractive M．幽默的；诙谐的
1～5 ________ 6～10 ________ 11～13 ________
答案：1～5 CFAJG 6～10 KIELD 11～13 BMH
Lead in
1．Match the instruments with the pictures.
A．erhu(二胡) B．guitar(吉他)
C．piano(钢琴) D．flute(笛子)
E．cucurbit flute(葫芦丝) F．violin(小提琴)
答案：①～⑥ EFADCB
2．Look at the pictures and match the bands with their names.
A．the Monkees B．Twelve Girls Band C．the Beatles
答案：①～③ BCA
While reading
Fast reading
Skim the text and complete the following questions.
1．What's the main idea of the passage
A．How to be a famous singer.
B．How most bands start and the introduction of the Monkees.
C．The importance of music.
D．Famous bands in the world.
答案：B
2．Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A．How most bands start.
Para.2 B．How the Monkees became popular and how they developed as a real band.
Para.3 C．Many people want to be famous as singers or musicians.
Para.4 D．The Monkees started in a different way.
Para.1—__C__ Para.2—__A__ Para.3—__D__ Para.4—__B__
Careful reading
Read the text and choose the best answers.
1．Why the names of Song Zuying and Liu Huan are mentioned in Paragraph 1
A．Because they are very famous.
B．Because they can sing very well.
C．The text only wants us to know them.
D．The text is giving us some examples of the famous singers that we might want to be like.
2．How many musicians were there when the band was formed at the beginning
A．Four. B．Three.
C．Two. D．One.
3．When did the Monkees break up and when did it reunite
A．1970; 1996. B．1970; 1990.
C．1970; the mid 1980s. D．1968; 1986.
4．What does the title of the passage mean
A．The band wasn't a famous one.
B．The band was formed in a different way.
C．The band didn't play their own music.
D．The band wasn't supported by its fans.
答案：1～4 DDCB
Study reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Sometimes they may play to passers by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.
[句式分析] Sometimes they may ... or subway为句子主干；so that引导目的状语从句，其中to pay for ...为不定式作目的状语。
[尝试翻译] 有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为过路者演奏，这样他们可以为自己或自己要买的乐器多挣一些钱。
2．The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 组成乐队的音乐人一边演奏音乐，一边彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
3．They put an advertisement in a newspaper looking for rock musicians, but they could only find one who was good enough.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 他们在报纸上登了一则广告，想招摇滚乐手，但他们只招到一个满意的。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In the year 2015, Jennifer Lawrence topped the Forbes list of the highest paid actresses. She gave her final performance as Katniss Everdeen, in Mockingjay — Part 2, the last film of the HungerGames series. In it, she teams up with Peeta and Gale to save the nation of Panem during a war with the Capitol's
corrupt (腐败的) government. The world has watched Lawrence grow up on screen over the years of the series. “I love being part of a film that can spark conversation，” Lawrence says. “It's been such an amazing part in my life.”
The Oscar winner has also sparked conversation as an advocate (提倡者) for equal pay for women and men in her industry. Earlier in the year, she found that she was paid less for acting in the movie AmericanHustle than her male co stars, so she wrote an article online about the pay gap in Hollywood, titled “Why Do I Make Less Than My Male Co Stars？” Because what she wrote went public, other actresses also came out for higher pay.
Born on August 15,1990, Lawrence grew up in Kentucky with her parents and two elder brothers. She says they helped her develop her sense of humor. At just 19 years old, she was nominated (提名) for her first Oscar for her role in the film Winter'sBone.
Throughout her career, Lawrence has also worked to try to promote (宣传) healthy body images. When she took on the role of Katniss in the HungerGames series, she refused to appear unhealthy on camera. Though the book, written by Suzanne Collins, describes Katniss as very thin, Lawrence did not try to look like that in the movie.
1．What's Lawrence's purpose of writing the article online
A．To help increase women's pay in her industry.
B．To show that she has been unfairly treated.
C．To draw people's attention to her movie.
D．To make actors receive lower pay.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的第一句可知，Jennifer Lawrence写那篇文章是为了帮助提高女演员的片酬。
2．Lawrence was nominated for her first Oscar because of ________.
A．AmericanHustle B．Winter'sBone
C．Mockingjay — Part 2 D．the HungerGames series
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At just 19 years old, she was nominated (提名) for her first Oscar for her role in the film Winter'sBone.”可知，答案为B。
3．After taking on the role of Katniss, Lawrence decided to ________.
A．lose some weight
B．appear healthy on camera
C．look like the character in the book
D．ask Suzanne to change Katniss' looks
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When she took on the role of Katniss in the HungerGames series, she refused to appear unhealthy on camera.”可知，Jennifer Lawrence在镜头前的形象看起来是健康的。
4．The passage is written to ________.
A．encourage equal pay
B．introduce some movies
C．encourage movie watching
D．introduce Jennifer Lawrence
解析：选D 写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国好莱坞的知名女演员Jennifer Lawrence。
B
Listening to music is considered a good thing for adults. Indeed it is. Scientific studies have proven it. Music has so many good effects on our body, mind and mood that this world will certainly not be a good place without music. Then, is music good for children Some parents think so and let their children learn or listen to music. But some parents don't know the importance of music to children. Here are some reasons why music is important to children.
First, music is good for children's intelligence. Studies have proved that children who learn music are likely to have higher intelligence than those who have no interest in or dislike music. This is because the brain gets stimulated (刺激) by the rhythm and tone of music.
Music also has soothing (抚慰的) effect on children and helps remove their stress. Today's children are under a lot of stress from schoolwork. Being under too much stress impairs children's health. Luckily, listening to music can help them feel better.
Music can improve children's moods. Some children are sad by nature. They seem to be lost in their own thoughts and don't take interest in their surroundings. In such cases, a method known as “music therapy” comes to their rescue. It changes their moods and places a new kind of spirit in them.
Music is also a universal language that children ought to learn. Our world has become a global village. People are getting more and more interested in other cultures and countries. Music can help them in understanding foreign cultures.
Now we can say that music is very important not only to adults but also to children. So children should be encouraged to learn music or listen to music.
5．By mentioning scientific studies in Paragraph 1, the author wants to show ________.
A．why adults should listen to music
B．children should listen to music
C．listening to music is only good for adults
D．why scientists are interested in music
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Listening to music is considered a good thing for adults. Indeed it is. Scientific studies have proven it.”可知，作者是为了表明听音乐对成人有益处，也就是为什么成人应该听音乐。
6．What does the underlined word “impairs” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Harms. B．Changes.
C．Improves. D．Shows.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据“Luckily, listening to music can help them feel better.”可知，画线词所在的句子是指“太多压力会‘伤害’孩子的健康”。
7．The last but second paragraph shows that listening to music means ________.
A．learning languages better
B．understanding foreign cultures better
C．accepting the fast developing world easily
D．showing greater interest in other cultures
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Music can help them in understanding foreign cultures.”可知，听音乐可以帮助更好地理解外国的文化。
8．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Why do Children Love Music
B．How to Choose Music for Children
C．How to Teach Children Music Easily
D．Why is Music Important to Children
解析：选D 标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲为什么音乐对小孩很重要。
C
A woolly mammoth (猛犸象) that was frozen in ice for 40,000 years may make it possible for scientists to bring the animal back to life. The mammoth was found on an island off northern Russia in May 2013. Its body was still in good shape because of the ice. Something that looked like blood came out of it when it was first discovered.
So far, scientists have found out that the animal, who they nicknamed Buttercup, was 2.5 metres tall and about 50 years old when it died. By examining the things in its intestines (肠道), scientists can tell it ate grassland plants like dandelions (蒲公英) and buttercups (金凤花)．
Woolly mammoths have been extinct for 10,000 years. Many scientists think they could learn a lot more about the animal if they could study a living example. Dr. Tori Herridge, a scientist at the Natural History Museum in London, England, helped study the woolly mammoth's body. She doesn't think scientists should try to clone it. She said that scientists would need an Asian elephant to be the clone's mother. This means they would have to keep several elephants in captivity (囚禁) while they experiment with the cloning process. But Asian elephants are endangered, and don't do well in captivity. Besides, giving birth to a woolly mammoth could be dangerous for the elephant mother.
Insung Hwang is one of the scientists at Sooam, a company from South Korea. He said they have not yet found complete DNA in any of the samples (样本), but they have found pieces of DNA that could be pieced together. He added that it will take scientists a long time to study the genetic (基因的) information from the mammoth, and even longer before they could actually try cloning the animal.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们目前对于所发现的猛犸象的研究进展情况。
9．The mammoth found in May 2013 ________.
A．was discovered in eastern Russia
B．lived about 10,000 years ago
C．was kept well in the ice
D．died at an early age
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Its body was still in good shape because of the ice.”可知，在2013年5月发现的这头猛犸象在冰层中保存得很好，故选C项。
10．The woolly mammoth Buttercup was nicknamed after ________.
A．a place B．a plant
C．its discoverer D．its shape
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第一段中的“who they nicknamed Buttercup和scientists can tell it ate grassland plants like dandelions (蒲公英) and buttercups (金凤花)．”可知，这头猛犸象被戏称为Buttercup是因为科学家们在其肠胃中发现了这种植物，故选B项。
11．Asian elephants are mentioned to show ________.
A．the value of cloning the mammoth
B．how different they are from mammoths
C．how important they are to human beings
D．the disadvantages of cloning the mammoth
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“But Asian elephants are endangered, and ... dangerous for the elephant mother.”可知，文中之所以提到亚洲象是为了说明克隆猛犸象可能会带来的不利影响，故选D项。
12．What Insung Hwang said suggested that ________.
A．mammoth cloning has a long way to go
B．the mammoth died out earlier than people supposed
C．it is impossible to find the mammoth's complete DNA
D．human beings caused the disappearance of the mammoth
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第三段中的“it will take scientists a long time ... before they could actually try cloning the animal”可知，想要成功克隆猛犸象还有很长的路要走，故选A项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Advice on business communication
In the 21st century, more and more business is international. __1__ Most large companies now understand how important it is to have a knowledge of different cultures and languages. Here is some advice to improve business communication between people of different cultures.
Slow down.
In a business situation, it is very important to communicate your ideas and intentions clearly. Make sure there are no mistakes by speaking clearly and not too fast.
Take turns.
__2__ In everyday conversation this can seem strange, but in cross cultural business situations this formal style makes communication much easier.
Give encouragement.
__3__ If the people you are talking with are having trouble finding the right English words, be sensitive to this. They may need your help. Encourage them not to be shy in communicating.
Use everyday language.
It is usually best not to use informal language or colorful variations (变体) of language. __4__ It is advised to speak using well known words and expressions.
__5__
In many countries, business communication is quite serious and formal. People from other cultures may not be comfortable with jokes in a business situation. Even worse, jokes might be understood or seen as impolite.
A．Prepare a short speech.
B．Be careful about jokes.
C．It can be very difficult to speak good English.
D．After each of your questions, wait for the other side to speak.
E．These will often not be understood by people from other countries.
F．Communication between people of different cultures is more important than ever.
G．Just ask how things are going and how they feel about the service you're providing.
1．选F 由该空前的“more and more business is international”可知，随着越来越多的商业活动国际化，拥有不同文化背景的人们相互之间的交流也愈发重要了，故选F项。
2．选D 由该段标题Take turns和该空后的“conversation”可知，D项内容符合此处语境。
3．选C 由该空后的“If the people ... having trouble finding the right English words”可知，前面是说：想要说好英语并不容易，故选C项。
4．选E 由该空前的“informal language or colorful variations (变体) of language”可知，非正式语言或是语言的各种变体对于来自其他国家的人来说不好理解，故选E项。
5．选B 由本段内容可知，商务交流活动往往非常严肃、正式，所以如果讲笑话则需要谨慎，故用B项内容作为小标题最恰当。(共29张PPT)
seuAUUUUU
①
⑥
③
The musicians were to play jokes on each other. play music
主语系动词
不定式作表语
most of which was based loosely on the beatles
介词+关系代词”引导定语从句,修饰前面整个句子
They put an advertisement in a newspaper
并列分句
looking for rock musicians, but they could only find one
现在分词短语作伴随状语
并列分句二
who was good enough.→who引导定语从句,修饰oneUnit 5 Music Section Ⅱ Warming amp；Reading Language Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇 1.pretendvt. 假装；假扮2.attachvt.&vi. 系上；缚上；附加；连接3.formvt. (使)组成；形成；构成4.earnvt. 赚；挣得；获得5.extraadj. 额外的；外加的6.instrumentn. 工具；器械；乐器7.familiaradj. 熟悉的；常见的；亲近的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.musiciann．音乐家→music n．音乐→musical adj.音乐的2.performvt.&vi.表演；履行；执行→performancen．表演；演奏→performer n．表演者3.actorn．男演员→actress n．女演员→act vi.行动4.relyvi.依赖；依靠→reliable adj.可靠的；可以信赖的5.humorousadj.幽默的；诙谐的→humor n．幽默6.attractiveadj.吸引人的；有吸引力的→attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引；吸引力 1.attractive adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的[联想] 识记后缀 ive形容词①active活跃的 ②addictive上瘾的③sensitive敏感的 ④creative有创造力的2.musician n．音乐家[联想] 由musician想到的①pianist n．钢琴家 ②violinist n．小提琴演奏者③guitarist n．吉他手 ④saxophonist n．萨克斯手3.folk adj.民间的[联想] ①folk music 民间音乐②country music 乡村音乐③classical music 古典音乐④Jazz 爵士音乐4.broadcast n．广播；播放 vi.&vt.广播；播放[联想] AAA型动词一览①burst→burst→burst ②cost→cost→cost③cut→cut→cut ④set→set→set⑤put→put→put ⑥hit→hit→hit⑦upset→upset→upset⑧broadcast→broadcast→broadcast
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语 多积常用词块
1.dream_of 梦见；梦想；设想2.to_be_honest说实在地；实话说3.attach_..._to认为有(重要性、意义)；附上；连接4.in_cash用现金；用现钱5.break_up打碎；分裂；解体6.play_jokes_on戏弄7.rely_on 依靠；依赖8.or_so大约9.be/get_familiar_with熟悉；与……熟悉起来10.be_based_on以……为基础 1.appreciate your music 欣赏你的音乐2.form a band 组建一个乐队3.the first step to fame 成名的第一步4.put an advertisement in a newspaper 在报纸上登广告5.earn some extra money 多挣一些外快6.at a concert 在音乐会上7.be a big hit 是很大的轰动8.sum up your ideas 总结你的观点9.make records 录音10.attach great importance to sth. 认为……很重要
三、这样记句式
先背熟 再悟通 后仿用
1.They may start as a group of high school students, for whom practising their music in someone's house is the first step to fame.他们开始可能是一群中学生，对他们来说，在某个人家里排练音乐是成名的第一步。 practising their music为动名词短语作主语，此时谓语动词用第三人称单数。 Missing_the_bus means waiting for another hour.错过这班车意味着再等一个小时。
2.The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.组成乐队的音乐人一边演奏音乐，一边彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。 ①不定式短语作表语。②“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。 ①The next step is to_make_sure that you know exactly what is required.下一步是确保你要真正弄清楚需要的是什么。②As many as 340 accidents happened in the city this year, most_of_which_were_caused by carelessness. 该市今年发生了多达340起事故，多数是由粗心引起的。
3.The TV organizers had planned to find four musicians who could act as well as sing.电视制作人原计划寻找四位既会唱又能表演的乐手。 had planned to do sth.“本来计划去做某事，但事实上没做成”。 I had_planned_to_go_to_your_party,_but you know I had to finish that paper.我本打算去参加你的晚会，可你知道我还得完成那张考卷。
1．(教材P34)Have you ever dreamed of playing in front of thousands of people at a concert, at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your music
你是否曾梦想过在音乐会上面对成千上万的观众演唱，而音乐会上的每个人都欣赏你的音乐并为你鼓掌呢？
?dream of 梦想；梦见；设想
dream of/about(doing) sth. 梦见/梦想/设想(做)某事
dream that ... 梦想……
dream a/an ... dream 做一个……的梦
①I dream of becominga designer one day.
我梦想有一天成为设计师。
②Lang Lang dreamed of being (be) a pianist when he was very young.
郎朗小时候就梦想当一名钢琴家。
③She dreamed_that one day she would be famous.
她梦想着有朝一日会成名。
[名师点津] dream后不能跟动词不定式作宾语。
2．(教材P34)Do you sing karaoke and pretend you are a famous singer like Song Zuying or Liu Huan
你唱过卡拉OK并假装自己就像是宋祖英或刘欢一样著名的歌星吗？
?pretend vt.& vi.假装；假扮
pretend＋
①We can't just go onpretendingthat everything is OK.
我们不能继续假装一切正常。
②His son pretended to_be_reading (read) when he came in.
当他进来时，他的儿子假装在读书。
③Jim pretended to_have_solved (solve) the difficult problem and left the company.
吉姆装作已经解决了这个棘手的问题，离开了公司。
3．(教材P34)To be honest,a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.
说实在地，很多人把名和利看得很重要。
?to be honest 说实在地；实话说
be honest with sb. 对某人说老实话；对某人坦诚
It is honest of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事是诚实的
honestly speaking 说实在的；说真的
①To be honest,not everyone realizes the importance of wildlife protection or pays special attention to it.
老实说，并非每个人都意识到保护野生动植物的重要性并专门去关注它。
②If you are honest with others, they will do the same to you.
如果你对别人真诚，别人也会对你如此。
③Honestly_speaking,_I don't think his work is good.
坦率地说，我认为他的工作做得不好。
[名师点津] 常见的用作插入语的短语有：
to be frank坦白地说 to be exact准确地说
to begin with首先 to tell you the truth说实话
generally speaking一般说来 frankly speaking坦白地说
?attach vt.& vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接
attach ... to ... 把……附/系在……上面
attach importance/value to ...
认为……重要/有价值
be attached to 附属于；连在……上
①Generally speaking, parents attach great importance to their children's education.
一般说来，父母很重视孩子的教育。
②Attach a recent photograph to your application form.
请在你的申请表上贴一张近照。
③The hospital is_attached___to the medical college.
这家医院附属于这所医学院。
4．(教材P34)But just how do people form a band
那么，人们又是怎样一起组成乐队的呢？
?form vt.(使)组成；形成；构成 n．形态；形状；表格
form the habit of 养成……的习惯
in the form of 以……的形式；呈……的状态
fill in/out a form 填表格
take the form of 采取……的形式
①He has formed the habit oftaking notes in class.
他养成了在课堂上记笔记的习惯。
②She expressed her feelings in_the_form_of poetry.
她以诗的形式表达她的感情。
③To apply for a job, you must fill in/out a form.
申请工作，你必须要填一张表格。
④This disease takes the form of high fever.
这种病以发高烧的症状出现。
5．(教材P34)Sometimes they may play to passers by in the street or subway so that they can earnsome extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments.
有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为过路者演奏，这样他们可以为自己或自己要买的乐器多挣一些钱。
?earn vt.赚；挣得；获得；赢得
earn money ＝ make money 挣钱
earn one's/a living ＝ make a living 谋生
①Young as he is, he earns a good salary in a big company.
他虽然年轻，却在一家大公司挣得一份不错的薪水。
②The band longed to have a secure income and succeed, but first they had to play to passers by toearn extra money.
乐队渴望有一个稳定的收入并能成功，但首先他们不得不给路人演奏来赚取额外的钱。
③He earned_his/a_living/made_a_living by selling newspapers when he was young.
他年轻时靠卖报谋生。
6．(教材P34)Later they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for which they are paid in cash.
后来，他们可能在酒吧或俱乐部里演出，并为此得到现金报酬。
?performance n．表演；演奏
(1)give performances/a performance (to ...)
(给……)表演或演奏
put on performances/a performance
表演；演出
(2)perform vt.&vi. 表演；履行；执行
perform a(n) ... role in 在……中起……作用
perform an operation 进行手术
perform one's duty/promise 尽责任/履行承诺
(3)performer n. 执行者；表演者
①On National Day, our class put on a wonderful performance.
国庆节那天，我们班做了精彩的表演。
②It is said that he will give a performance (perform) in our city next month.
据说，下个月他要在我们城市演出。
③Each member of the family has to perform his (he) own duty.
家庭的每个成员都应履行自己的职责。
[语境串记] The unknown performer performedvery well, and her performancewas very popular with the audience.
这个不知名的表演者演奏地非常好，她的表演深受观众的欢迎。
7．(教材P34)The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.
组成乐队的音乐人一边演奏音乐，一边彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
?play jokes/a joke on 戏弄；开玩笑
tell jokes/a joke 讲笑话
have a joke with sb. 与某人开玩笑
treat ... as a joke 把……当作玩笑
①They played jokes/a joke oneach other, and made us burst into laughter.
他们互相开玩笑，使得我们哄然大笑起来。
②He's someone I always have a joke with.
他是那个我经常与之开玩笑的人。
[名师点津] make fun of sb. 取笑某人
play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人
make a fool of sb. 愚弄某人
8．(教材P34)As some of these actors could not sing well enough, they had torely onother musicians to help them.
因为这些演员中有些人唱得不是很好，他们不得不依靠其他乐手帮助。
?rely on (upon)依靠；依赖；指望
rely on sb./sth. (for sth.) 依靠/指望某人(得到某物)
rely on sb. to do sth. 依靠/相信某人做某事
rely on sb./sb.'s doing sth. 指望/相信某人做某事
rely on it that ... 相信……；放心……
①Wildlife protection should rely on the common efforts of everyone.
野生动植物保护应当依靠大家的共同努力。
②He always relies on his teacher for advice about how to learn English.
他在如何学英语方面总是靠老师的指点。
③You may rely_on_it_that she can earn her living.
你可以放心，她可以自食其力。
9．(教材P34)They were so popular that their fans formed clubs in order to get more familiar with them.
他们如此受欢迎以至于歌迷们为了更加熟悉他们而成立了俱乐部。
?get familiar with 熟悉；与……熟悉起来(表示动作)
sb. be familiar with sth. 某人对某物熟悉
sth. be familiar to sb. 某物为某人所熟悉
①Since Iam familiar withBeijing, I can help visitors find their way in the city.
因为我熟悉北京，所以可以帮忙给游客指路。
②If you are not familiar with the topic, you may write something that is familiar to you.
如果你不熟悉这个话题，你可以写些你熟悉的东西。
10．(教材P34)The band broke upabout 1970, but happily they reunited in the mid 1980s.
“门基乐队”大约在1970年解散，但令人高兴的是，到了20世纪80年代中期他们再次聚首。
?break up 打碎；分裂；解体；解散；(关系)破裂；结束；分手
break out 爆发(火灾、洪水、战争等)
break in/into 破门而入；打断；插话
break down 出故障；坏了
break away from 脱离；摆脱
①They responded that there were several reasons why the music band broke up.
他们回应说，乐队为何解散有好几个原因。
②She broke_up with her boyfriend three months ago.
三个月前她与男朋友分手了。
③The computer system broke_down suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.
当他在电脑上查找信息时，电脑系统突然出故障了。
④After a fire broke_out in the lab, a lot of equipment was damaged.
实验室发生火灾后，很多设备被毁。
[名师点津] break in为不及物动词短语，其后不可跟宾语，而break into为及物动词短语。
The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music, most of which was based loosely on the Beatles.
组成乐队的音乐人一边演奏音乐，一边彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫”乐队。
(1)句中不定式“to play ... music”作were的表语，不定式作表语常用来表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或用来解释主语的内容。
①My wish is to be a doctorwhen I grow up.
我的愿望是长大后当一名医生。
②What I love best now is to_have (have) a relaxing holiday.
我现在最喜欢的是有一个轻松的假期。
(2)most of which为“代词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。
①The old man has two sons, both of whom are doctors.
这位老人有两个儿子，他们都是医生。
②Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of which she spoke fluently.
朱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三门语言她都说得很流利。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Though I'm not familiar with the poem, I'll try to learn it by heart.
2．The children's performance (perform) gave the elders a lot of pleasure last week.
3．I never dreamed of there being (be) such a good chance for me to travel around the world.
4．When her mother came into her room, Mary pretended to_be_sleeping (sleep)．
5．In my opinion, forming (form) good habits to learn English is very important and necessary.
6．Mother bought many tomatoes from the market two days ago, most of which have gone bad because of the bad weather.
7．When I was in middle school, I relied on my parents about everything.
8．He earned his living by growing vegetables after he graduated.
9．Don't break in when he is telling the story.
10．As far as I know, the hospital is_attached (attach) to a famous university.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．My job is to_look_after_my_little_sister (照看我妹妹) when mom is cooking.
2．The old man has three children, two_of_whom_work_in_Beijing (其中两个在北京工作)．
3．I wouldn't buy that house; to_be_honest (说实在的), it's too close to the main road.
4．I'm_familiar_with (我熟悉) this type of computer. That is to say, this type of computer is_familiar_to_me (为我所熟悉)．
5．You may rely_on_it_that (相信) she can solve the problem without difficulty.
6．The Westerners usually play_jokes_on_each_other (彼此开玩笑) on April Fools' Day.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The passer by (过路人) was very grateful to us for directing him when he was lost.
2．Drivers are advised to take extra (额外的) care.
3．After living in America for many years, he becomes very familiar (熟悉的) with the custom there.
4．They said goodbye to the villagers, with tears rolling (滚动) down their cheeks.
5．The chairman's speech will be broadcast (广播) nationwide.
6．I have no cash (现金) on me. Can I pay you later
7．Jane pretended (假装) to be happy before her parents as if nothing had happened between her and her husband.
8．They have formed (成立) an organization to protect endangered species, such as the Tibetan antelopes.
9．As a teacher, she had earned (赢得) the respect of her students.
10．Hangzhou is considered to be one of the most attractive (有吸引力的) places in China.
Ⅱ.选词填空
to be honest， or so， be familiar with， rely on， dream of， in cash， break up， play jokes on， attach importance to， as well as
1．The police spent about one hour breaking_up the crowd.
2．A lot of people went to the new park yesterday and two thirds or_so were children.
3．It is acceptable to play_jokes_on your friends on April 1st.
4．To_be_honest,_it is one of the worst books I've ever read.
5．People in the mountain area are dreaming_of living a rich life.
6．Don't rely_on me to see you off. I'm afraid I won't have time that day.
7．She grows flowers as_well_as vegetables.
8．It is unwise only to attach_importance_to one's appearance.
9．Chinese children are_familiar_with the stories of TheJourneytotheWest.
10．You have to pay in_cash in this supermarket instead of by check.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．If you want to understand a sentence better, you should break_it_up into parts.
如果你想更好地理解一个句子，你应该把它分解成几部分。
2．Nowadays an increasing number of parents are_attaching_importance_to_educating their children.
如今越来越多的家长开始重视教育孩子。
3．It's not proper to_play_jokes_on_others in public.
在公众场所捉弄别人是不恰当的。
4．We rely_heavily_on_computers_to organize our work in modern society.
在现代社会我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来处理我们的工作。
5．Honestly_speaking/To_be_honest,_I hate the student wearing long hair.
说实在的，我讨厌那位留着长发的学生。
6．Because of high unemployment, nowadays it is not easy to_earn_a_living.
由于房价高，现今谋生并不容易。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
If we are honest with ourselves, most of us have dreamed of 1.being (be) rich and famous. Most 2.musicians (music) form a band because of the same interest 3.in writing and playing music. They may play anywhere 4.to_earn (earn) some extra money as well as fulfill their dreams. However, the Monkees, 5.which started differently, began as a TV show with musicians 6.playing (play) jokes and music in the programme. Only after a year 7.or so did they become more serious and they produced their own records and later became even 8.more_popular (popular) than the Beatles in the USA. The band once broke 9.up and reunited. In memory of their former time as a real band, they produced 10.a new record in 1996.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
他一直梦想(dream of)成为一名歌手。他靠着(rely on)信心和毅力(persistence)三十年如一日地练习唱歌。这为他赢得(earn)了成功。现在他的声音为每个人所熟悉(familiar)。他十分看重(attach importance to)人们给予他的帮助。同时，他也乐于帮助他人。他曾许诺和歌迷的联系(relation)永远不会结束(break up)。
He_has_always_been_dreaming_of_being_a_singer._And_he_has_relied_on_his_confidence_and_persistence_to_practise_singing_for_30_years,_which_has_earned_him_success._Now_his_voice_is_familiar_to_everyone._He_attaches_great_importance_to_the_help_people_have_offered_to_him,_and_at_the_same_time,_he_is_ready_to_help_others._He_promised_that_the_relation_between_him_and_his_fans_would_never_break_up.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
It was a dark day, one of depression, sorrow and anger. As I climbed out of the __1__， after witnessing my time in the 100 yard freestyle, I did not feel like speaking to anyone. I saw the bright smiles of swimmers who had just __2__ a best time. __3__， I had failed. Or at least that is what I thought at the time.
I was lying on my cool bed when an idea __4__ my head. Success is the __5__ to go from failure to failure without __6__ your enthusiasm. At practice the next day, I told my swimming teammates about my goal time and they all either laughed or replied with a __7__ similar response like, “You can't do it” or “Probably not”. Believe it or not, these are the responses that made my goal __8__.
Finally came the day when I had to __9__ to myself and others that with __10__ there is no limit to your achievements.
With the starting gun __11__， I dove with perfect form into the pool. I felt the cool water running __12__ my back. I swam like a fish, bouncing off each __13__ at the wall as if it was a spring board. On the __14__ turn, I came back to the wall with every piece of strength I had. I __15__ the final wall with my fingertips and knew that I had swum the __16__ race.
I had done it! I had achieved my best time! Joy filled my __17__ like water does a cup. I saw the __18__ on all of my friends' faces as I __19__ out of the pool: their jaws dropped to the ground. I began to laugh and gave them thumbs up.
I have __20__ in life that having belief in yourself opens all gates. Never forget that anything the mind can conceive and believe it can achieve.
语篇解读：作者的队友认为作者不会成功，但通过自己的努力，作者最终证明了自己的实力，因为作者相信：自信是开启成功大门的钥匙。只要想到就没有做不了的事。
1．A.pond B．sea
C．pool D．bed
解析：选C 根据下文“as I __19__ out of the pool”可知作者应该是爬出游泳池。
2．A.made B．achieved
C．reached D．realized
解析：选B 我看见达到最好时间的游泳者脸上的微笑，achieve“达到”，符合语境。
3．A.Otherwise B．However
C．Besides D．In addition
解析：选B 根据上文看见的是胜利者脸上的微笑，下文是转折，作者失败了，故选B项。
4．A.occurred B．broke
C．stuck D．hit
解析：选D 一个想法突然出现在我的脑海里。an idea hit sb.是习惯用法。
5．A.opportunity B．action
C．cause D．ability
解析：选D 成功就是在多次失败中不失去热情的能力。ability“能力”，符合语境。
6．A.keeping B．losing
C．reducing D．decreasing
解析：选B 根据对成功的理解和上下文的理解，losing符合语境。
7．A.somehow B．somewhat
C．anyhow D．anywhere
解析：选B 他们有着相似的回答：“你不行”或“不可能”。somehow“不知怎么地”； somewhat“有点”； anyhow“无论如何”； anywhere“任何地方”。根据下文的意思B项符合语境。
8．A.magical B．reasonable
C．confident D．achievable
解析：选D 信不信由你，正是这些回答使我达到了我的目标。achievable“可达到的”，符合语境。
9．A.promise B．provide
C．present D．prove
解析：选D 向自己和他人证明的那一天终于来了。prove“证明”，符合语境。
10．A.consideration B．impression
C．belief D．desire
解析：选C 带着信念，没有什么能限制你的成功。belief“信念”，符合语境。
11．A.setting out B．going off
C．breaking out D．getting off
解析：选B 随着发令枪发射……。go off“发射”，符合语境。
12．A.through B．above
C．across D．to
解析：选C 我感到凉水从我的背上流过。across“横穿”，指从表面穿过。
13．A.turn B．jump
C．struggle D．shoot
解析：选A 在转弯的泳池墙上弹出去，就好像是踏到弹簧板一样。turn“转弯”。根据游泳转弯常识和情境理解。
14．A.next B．previous
C．very D．last
解析：选D 在最后的转弯处，我拼尽全力游回到泳池墙边。last“最后的”，符合语境。
15．A.pushed B．reached
C．got D．touched
解析：选D 我用我的指尖触摸终点墙。touch“触摸”，符合语境。
16．A.whole B．perfect
C．first D．best
解析：选B 根据前面的描述应该是作者的表现完美无缺。
17．A.heart B．head
C．mind D．face
解析：选A 根据后半句选择heart，意为：心里充满欢乐。
18．A.expressions B．emotions
C．feelings D．responses
解析：选A 我看到所有朋友脸上的表情。expression“表情”，符合语境。
19．A.ran B．climbed
C．stood D．jumped
解析：选B 当我爬出泳池时……，climb“爬”，符合语境。第1空“climbed out of”也是提示。
20．A.gained B．dreamed
C．learned D．remembered
解析：选C 作者通过这件事所知道的道理。learn“了解；知道”，符合语境。
Ⅱ.短文改错
In order to realize his dream, Bill Gates, richest man in the world, gave up studying in Harvard University, that is the most famous in the world. He set up a company and researching the computer software. As an old saying go, “Interest is the best teacher.” I quite agree with this idea. I began to be crazy about English when I was a little girl. I got extreme interested in foreign cultures or customs. To meet me curiosity, I read in English stories every day. It seemed to be the best “meal” of a day. As a result, I always did very well in English exam. Interest is the key of success.
答案：第一句：richest前加the; that→which
第二句：researching→researched
第三句：go→goes
第六句：extreme→extremely; or→and
第七句：me→my; 去掉in
第九句：exam→exams
第十句：of→to(共42张PPT)Unit 5 Music Section Ⅲ Grammar—“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
?语法图解
?探究发现
①However, after a year or so in which they became more serious about their work, the Monkees started to play and sing their own songs like a real band.
②However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.
③Later, they may give performances in pubs or clubs, for whichthey are paid in cash.
④They may start as a group of high school students, for whom practising their music in someone's house is the first step to fame.
[我的发现]
(1)以上四个句子都使用了“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。先行词若指物，那么介词后的关系代词用which；若指人，则用whom。
(2)以上四个句子中，第①句是限制性定语从句，第②③④句是非限制性定语从句。
一、基本构成
在“介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物用which，指人用whom，不可用that或who代替。
There comes Tom, for whom I have been waiting an hour or so.
汤姆来了，我等了他大约一个小时。
He handed me a pen with whichI wrote down his phone number.
他递给我一支钢笔，我用它记下了他的电话号码。
The university in which my brother once studied is very famous.
我哥哥曾经就读的大学很有名气。
[即时演练1] 用“介词＋关系代词”填空
①Our school is very beautiful, of_which we are greatly proud.
②Thank you for your help, without_which we couldn't have finished it on time.
③This is the man from_whom I learned a lot in my life.
④Wang Hong, with_whom I went to the concert, enjoyed herself very much.
二、介词不能提前的情况
有些固定动词短语中的介词一般不能提前。常见的这类动词短语有listen to, look at, depend on, look for, pay attention to, take care of, look after, take part in, call on, catch up with, get along with, hear of, look forward to等。
This must be the key that she islooking for.
这一定是她正在寻找的那把钥匙。
This is the baby whom you willlook after.
这就是你将要照看的那个婴儿。
We often talk about the people and the things that we heard of.
我们经常谈论我们听说的人和事。
[即时演练2] 补全句子
①As far as I know, he is a man who_is_hard_to_get_along_with (很难相处)．
②This is the baby whom/that_my_grandma_takes_care_of (我奶奶照看的)．
三、“介词＋关系代词”的拓展
1．复杂介词＋关系代词
用于该结构中的关系代词有which, whom和whose。常用的复杂介词有because of, in front of, as a result of, at the back of等。
He was badly hurt in the accident, because of which he didn't go to work.
他在事故中严重受伤。因此，他没去上班。
They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a boy.
他们来到一座农舍，农舍前面坐着一个男孩。
2．表部分或整体概念的“代词＋of＋关系代词”
表示部分与整体概念的代词有both, all, neither, none, either, some, any, most, few, half等。
China has lots of islands, one of whichis Hainan Island.
中国有很多岛屿，其中之一是海南岛。
The old man has three sons, all of whom care about him.
那位老人有3个儿子，他们都很关心他。
[即时演练3] 补全句子
①There are sixty students in our class in all, most of whom are from villages (他们中的多数都来自农村)．
②Two girls came to see the car, neither_of_whom (她们中没有一个) likes it.
③The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_of_which (它们中的80%) are sold abroad.
④He was ill yesterday, as_a_result_of_which (由于这……) he couldn't go to school.
3．the＋名词＋of＋关系代词
此结构用来代替“whose＋名词”，也可用“of which the＋名词”。
They do experiments in a lab, the windows of which/of which the windows/whose windowsface south.
他们在窗户朝南的实验室里做实验。
I will talk to those students the homework of whom/whose homework/of whom the homework hasn't been done.
我要和没完成作业的学生谈话。
[即时演练4] 补全句子
①There are two buildings, the_larger_of_which stands nearly a hundred feet high.
有两栋建筑物，其中较大的那栋建筑物将近有100英尺高。
②I saw some trees, the leaves of which were black because of disease.
→I saw some trees, whose_leaves were black because of disease.
→I saw some trees, of_which_the_leaves were black because of disease.
我看到一些树，由于生病树叶是黑的。
4．关系副词when, where, why可用“介词＋which”来代替
I often think of the moment when (＝ at which) I saw the UFO.
我常常想起我看见不明飞行物的那一刻。
The police searched the house where (＝ in which) the thief had stayed.
警察搜查了那个小偷待过的房子。
I don't know the reason why (＝ for which) he performed badly.
我不知道他为什么表现差。
[即时演练5] 句型转换
①We are in a position where we may lose a large sum of money.
→We are in a position in_which we may lose a large sum of money.
②We are looking forward to the day when we will get together.
→We are looking forward to the day on_which we will get together.
③I don't know the reason why the house is so dirty.
→I don't know the reason for_which the house is so dirty.
四、the way后定语从句的关系词
way表示“方法，方式”时，其后的定语从句有两种情况：
1．the way的关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，用that和which均可，作宾语时可省略。
The way (that/which) he thought of to prevent the air pollution was very good.
他想出的防止空气污染的方法非常好。(关系词代替the way在定语从句中用作thought of的宾语)
2．the way的关系词在定语从句中作方式状语时，用that或in which均可，现代英语倾向于省略关系词。
I don't like the way (that/in which) you speak to your mother.
我不喜欢你同你母亲说话的方式。
[即时演练6] 关系词填空
①The villagers thought highly of the way (in_which/that) we treated the beggar.
②The way (that/which) you told me wasn't practical.
③He suggested settling the problem in a way which/that was peaceful.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2015·重庆高考改编)He wrote many children's books, nearly half of which were published in the 1990s.
2．The children, all of whom had played the whole day long, were tired.
3．Maria has written two novels, both of which have been made into television series.
4．This is the man from whom I learned of the good news.
5．This is the man with whom I have worked together for twenty years.
6．Do you remember the place in which we had lunch last Sunday
7．We have got 16 medals, most of which were won by women.
8．Is this the watch which/that he was looking for
9．The plan to which most people present didn't agree was called off.
10．The football team has 15 members, the oldest of whom is 25 years old.
Ⅱ.用定语从句把下面两个句子合成一个句子
1．She has two daughters. One of them is a doctor.
She has two daughters, one_of_whom is a doctor.
2．The boy was often late for school. The reason is still unknown.
The reason for_which the boy was often late for school is still unknown.
3．China has thousands of islands. Hainan Island is the largest among them.
China has thousands of islands, of_which Hainan Island is the largest.
4．Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase. Its price was very reasonable.
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, the price of_which was very reasonable.
5．In the distance there is a hill. On the top of it stands a white temple.
In the distance there is a hill, on the top of_which stands a white temple.
6．I have bought two books recently. Neither of them interests my brother.
I have bought two books recently, neither_of_which_interests_my_brother.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．As a result, I had no choice but to completely focus on my study, for_which_I_
am_very_sorry.
结果，我别无选择只好完全投入到我的学习中去，我为此感到非常遗憾。
2．I'll never forget the day on_which_I_started_high_school.
我永远都不会忘记开始上高中的那一天。
3．My father gave me some extra money, with_which_I_bought_some_books.
父亲给我一些额外的钱，用这些钱我买了一些书。
4．I am very familiar with the school in_which_I_have_worked for twenty years.
我对在其中已经工作了20年的这个学校很熟悉。
5．They are the very people to_whom_you_can_always_turn for help.
他们就是你总是可以向其求助的人。
6．He relies on his relatives from_whom_he_often_borrows_money.
他依赖于经常借钱给他的亲戚。(共24张PPT)
基本构成介词+ which/whom
介词不能提前固定动词短语中的介词一般不能
“介词+的情况
提前
关系
1.复杂介词+关系代词
代词”“介词+关系2表部分或整体概念的“代词+o+
引导的代词”的拓展关系代词”
定语
3.the名词+of+关系代词
从句
4.when/ where/why=介词+ which
the way
后定
语从句的关」两种“方法”( which或that),
系词
三种“方式”(that, in which或省略)Unit 5 Music Section Ⅳ Learning about Language amp；Using Language
FREDDY THE FROG (Ⅱ)Not long after Freddy and the band became famous①， they visited Britain on a brief tour②. Fans showed their devotion③ by waiting for hours to get tickets for④ their concerts. Freddy was now quite confident⑤ when he went into a concert hall. He enjoyed singing and all the congratulations afterwards⑥！ His most exciting invitation⑦ was to perform on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops⑧.” He had to go to London, wear an expensive suit and give a performance to a TV camera⑨. It felt very strange. But as soon as the programme was over, the telephones which were in the same room started ringing. Everybody was asking when they could see Freddy and his band again. They were truly stars. ①not long after相当于soon after或shortly after，意为“……后不久”，引导时间状语从句。②on a brief tour在短暂的巡回演出中brief/bri f/adj.简短的；简要的n.摘要；大纲briefly/'bri flI/adv.简要地；短暂地③devotion/dI'v n/n.投入；热爱，常与介词to连用。show one's devotion to sb.表达对某人的热爱④tickets for意为“……的票”，为固定搭配。⑤confident/'k nfId nt/adj.自信的；确信的be confident about/of对……有信心⑥afterwards/'ɑ ft w dz/adv.然后；后来⑦invitation/ InvI'teI n/n.邀请；招待⑧Top of the Pops顶级流行歌手过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a TV programme。⑨a TV camera电视摄像机
青蛙弗雷迪(Ⅱ)
[第1段译文]
弗雷迪和他的乐队成名后不久，就到英国作短暂的巡回演出去了。歌迷们表现出了极大的忠心，他们等几个小时来购买音乐会的门票。弗雷迪现在步入演出厅会感到非常自信。他很喜欢演唱，喜欢演出后所有的祝贺声！最令他激动的是应邀参加叫做“顶级流行歌手”的电视节目中的那场表演。他得去伦敦，穿着昂贵的服装，对着电视摄像机演唱。那种感觉真是不一般。而节目一结束，这个房间里的电话铃声就开始响起来了。大家都问什么时候可以再次看到弗雷迪和他的乐队。他们真的成了歌星了。
Then things went wrong⑩. Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed . Even when they wore sunglasses or beards people recognized them. Fans found them even when they went into the toilet. They tried to hide in the reading rooms of libraries, but it was useless. Someone was always there! Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends . At last feeling very upset and sensitive ， Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country before it became too painful for them. So they left Britain, to which they were never to return, and went back to the lake. ⑩go wrong变坏 not ... without是双重否定结构，表示肯定意义，以加强语气。 beard/bI d/n.胡须 regularly adv.定期地；(时间)间隔均匀地；经常地 who引导限制性定语从句。定语从句中又包含as if引导的方式状语从句。 sensitive/'sens tIv/adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的feeling ... sensitive为现在分词短语作原因状语。 painful/'peInfl/adj.痛苦的；疼痛的pain n．痛苦；疼痛v.使痛苦；使苦恼
[第2段译文]
后来情况可就不妙了。弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪儿都有人跟踪。甚至他们戴着太阳镜或留着胡子时，人们也会认出他们来。他们即使去洗手间，也会被歌迷发现。他们试图在图书馆的阅览室里躲藏起来，但这些都不管用。总有人在那儿等着！一些不认识他们的人在不断地讨论他们的私生活，就像是他们的密友一样。终于由于深感苦恼，神经高度紧张，弗雷迪和他的乐队意识到他们必须在自己感到太痛苦之前离开这个国家。因此，他们离开了英国，从此再也没有回去，又重新回到湖里去了。
Step 1 True (T) or False (F)．
1．They visited Britain on a brief tour before Freddy and the band became famous.__F__
2．Freddy was excited to be invited to perform on a TV programme called “Top of the Pops”．__T__
3．After they became famous, things went wrong.__T__
4．Their personal life was regularly discussed by their close friends.__F__
5．They had to leave Britain and went back to the lake.__T__
Step 2 Read the text and choose the best answers.
1．How did fans show their devotion
A．By waiting for them.
B．By waiting for hours to get tickets for their concerts.
C．By meeting them.
D．By shouting at them.
2．What was Freddy's most exciting invitation
A．To perform on the radio.
B．TV programme called HipMusic.
C．To perform on a TV programme called TopofthePops.
D．To perform on a TV show.
3．How did Freddy and his band feel when their personal life was regularly discussed by people
A．Happy and sensitive. B．Upset and sensitive.
C．Upset and worried. D．Upset and happy.
4．Before they left Britain, they felt ________.
A．upset B．sensitive
C．painful D．all the above
答案：1～4 BCBD
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇 1.dipvt. 浸；蘸2.afterwardsadv. 然后；后来3.beardn. 胡须4.sensitiveadj. 敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.additionn．加；增加；加法→add v．增加2.confidentadj.自信的；确信的→confidence n．自信；自信心3.briefadj.简短的；简要的 n．摘要；大纲→brieflyadv.简要地； 短暂地4.devotionn．投入；热爱→devote v．投入→devoted adj.忠诚的5.invitationn．邀请；招待→invite v．邀请6.painfuladj.痛苦的；疼痛的→pain n．痛苦；疼痛→painless adj.(反义词)无痛苦的 1.由afterwards想到的副词①downwards 向下②eastwards 向东③northwards 向北④upwards 向上，往上2.excitement n．兴奋；刺激[记法] excite (v.)＋后缀 ment→名词[联想] 后缀 ment名词小结①develop→development 发展②achieve→achievement 成就③treat→treatment 对待；治疗3.beard n．胡须[词块] ①grow/have/wear a beard 留胡子②heavy beard 浓胡子③light beard 稀疏的胡子④long/short beard 长/短胡子⑤goat's beard 山羊胡子
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语 多积常用词块
1.in_addition 另外；也2.sort_out分类；整理3.above_all最重要的是；首先4.knock_into撞上；与……相撞5.feel_down感到沮丧；情绪消沉6.go_out出去；熄灭7.stick_to坚持8.come_up_with提出9.agree_on就……达成一致意见 1.on a brief tour 在短暂的巡回演出中2.show one's devotion 表现忠心3.go wrong 出错4.by cheque 支票支付5.the latest hits 最新热门6.become famous overnight 一夜成名7.give a performance 表演8.personal life 私生活9.ask sb. for advice 征求某人的意见10.have fun 过得愉快
三、这样记句式
先背熟 再悟通 后仿用
1.Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪儿都会有人跟踪。 not ... without ...“没有……就不能……”双重否定句式。 We never see each other without_talking_about_sports_first.我们每次见面无不是从谈论体育开始的。
2.Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as ifthey were close friends.一些不认识他们的人也在不断地讨论他们的私生活，就像是他们的密友一样。 as if/though“似乎；好像”，引导方式状语从句。 She left the room hurriedly as_if_(she_were)_angry.她匆忙离开房间，好像很生气。
1．in addition另外；也
①In addition, passive smoking causes great concern in recent years.
另外，被动吸烟在近几年引起了极大的关注。
②The company provides free service in addition.
公司还提供免费服务。
[辨析比较] in addition, in addition to
in addition “另外”，相当于副词
in addition to “除……以外(还)”，用作介词短语
选用上述短语填空
③She can speak French and German in_addition_to English.
除了英语，她还会说法语和德语。
④The products are of high quality. In_addition,_the price is low.
这些产品质量很好，另外，价格低廉。
[名师点津] “除了……之外”词语荟萃
①besides/as well as 除……之外(还有)
②except 除……之外(不包括)
③except for 除……之外(从某一细节方面纠正以前的概括性说法)
④apart/aside from 除……之外(相当于except和besides)
2．(教材P37)Sort out the following messages that are mixed up to make complete sentences containing attributive clauses.
把下列打乱的信息分类并组成带有定语从句的完整的句子。
?sort out分类；整理；挑出
sort out ... from ... 把……从……中挑选/辨别出来
sort of 有几分；有点儿；稍微(作副词用，修饰其后的形容词和动词)
all sorts of ... 各种各样的
①He spent an hour sorting outthe emails he had received.
他花了一个小时整理他所收到的电子邮件。
②We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones.
咱们得把好的苹果拣出来，同坏的分开。
③In my opinion, he is sort_of_stubborn.
依我看来，他有点儿固执。
3．(教材P38)Freddy was very confident about his singing.
弗雷迪对他的歌唱很有信心。
?confident adj.自信的；确信的
(1)be confident
(2)confidently adv. 自信地
(3)confidence n. 信心
have/show confidence in 对……有信心
with confidence 肯定地；有把握地
①Compared with them, we're moreconfident of success.
和他们相比，我们更有信心取得成功。
②The young man is confident in persuading people to buy what he sells.
那位年轻人有信心说服人们购买他卖的产品。
③He plays with confidence, as a result, every game he improves a lot.
他踢得很自信，因此，每一场比赛都有很大提高。
4．(教材P38)Not long after Freddy and the band became famous, they visited Britain on a brief tour.
弗雷迪和他的乐队成名后不久，就到英国做短暂的巡回演出去了。
?brief adj.简短的；简要的n.摘要；大纲
(1)in brief 简言之；简要地
to be brief 简言之
(2)briefly adv. 短暂地；简短地
①She rose and made a briefspeech.
她站起来做了一个简短的演说。
②In_brief/To_be_brief,_I have made up my mind to perform in the concert.
简言之，我已经决定在音乐会上演出了。
③The teacher responded briefly (brief) to the questions.
老师简短地答复了这些问题。
5．(教材P38)Fans showed their devotion by waiting for hours to get tickets for their concerts.
歌迷们表现出了极大的忠心，他们等上几个小时来购买音乐会的门票。
?devotion n．投入；热爱
(1)devotion to sth. 对……的贡献/热爱/忠诚
(2)devote v. 献身；为……付出
devote oneself to 致力于；献身于；专心于
(3)devoted adj. 挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的
be devoted to 致力于；献身于；专心于
①I know what a mother's devotion to her children means.
我知道母亲对子女的疼爱意味着什么。
②As a student, you should devote_yourself_to your studies.
作为一名学生，你应该专心于学习。
③Her son, to whom she was devoted, went abroad ten years ago.
她深爱的儿子十年前出国了。
[名师点津] 上述所有短语中，to均为介词，后面跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
6．(教材P38)At last feeling very upset and sensitive, Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country before it became too painful for them.
终于由于深感苦恼，神经高度紧张，弗雷迪和他的乐队意识到他们必须在自己感到太痛苦之前离开这个国家。
?sensitive adj.敏感的；易受伤的；灵敏的
be sensitive to 对……敏感
be sensitive about 介意、在乎……
①She is sensitive to what people think of her.
她对人们对她的评价很敏感。
②He is very sensitive about his weight.
他很在乎自己的体重。
7．(教材P40)Above all, just have fun!
最重要的是，一定要开心！
?above all 首先；最重要的是；尤其；特别
after all 毕竟；终究
at all 丝毫；根本
first of all 首先
in all 总共
①If you want to succeed, above all,you should believe in yourself.
如果你想取得成功，首先要自信。
②Above_all,_we must be honest about what we do not know.
最重要的是，对于我们不了解的东西我们必须要诚实。
③First_of_all,_let me introduce my friend.
首先，让我介绍一下我的朋友。
④I don't know why you're so concerned. It isn't your problem after_all.
我不明白你为什么这样担心，这毕竟不是你的问题。
1．Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.
弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪儿都有人跟踪。
本句中含有一个双重否定结构，即“not ... without ...”，该结构表示肯定含义，意思是“没有……就不……”。
常见的双重否定结构还有：
no (never/hardly) ... without ...
没有……不……；除……不
cannot ... too ... 越……越……；无论怎样……
也不为过
①Man cannotlivewithout food and plantscannot grow without sunshine.
人没有食物不能生存，植物没有阳光也不能生长。
②I couldn't have made so much progress without_your_help.
如果没有你的帮助，我就不可能取得如此大的进步。
③You can't_be_too_careful while driving the car.
你开车时再怎么小心也不为过。
2．Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.
一些不认识他们的人也在不断地讨论他们的私生活，就像是他们的密友一样。
(1)句中as if引导方式状语从句。as if/though“好像；似乎；仿佛”，可以引导方式状语从句或表语从句。
①I can remember it as if it were yesterday.
我对此事记忆犹新，恍如昨日一样。
②She looks as if she's going to cry.
她看起来似乎要哭了。
(2)若as if/though引导的从句中的内容为非真实情况，从句通常用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词的形式有：
③Even if they meet for the first time, they talk as if they were good friends.
尽管他们第一次见面，他们交谈起来就像老朋友一样。
④She worked as calmly as usual as if she had_heard (hear) nothing.
她像往常一样平静地工作，好像什么也没听见一样。
⑤He opened his mouth as if he would say something.
他张了张嘴好像要说些什么。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．In order to succeed, first of all, you should be confident (confidence) about yourself.
2．I really don't want to go, in addition, the weather is so cold outside.
3．The old lady treats me as if I were (be) her own son.
4．I'm deeply moved by his devotion (devote) to the cause of education.
5．People believe in all sorts (sort) of things.
6．He can always point out our mistakes briefly (brief)．
7．He is strong, brave and, above all, honest.
8．I am very sensitive (sense) to the cold.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．Nobody is admitted into the party without_being_invited (未受到邀请)．
2．In_addition_to (除……之外) these books, they also donated some money for the boy.
3．We should sort_out_the_useful_information (整理有用的信息) from the Internet.
4．He is_quite_confident_that (非常自信) he'll pass the driving test.
5．Devoted_to_the_research (致力于研究) for ten years, at last his efforts paid off.
6．My teeth are_very_sensitive_to (对……很敏感) cold food.
7．In_brief (简言之), we should pay more attention to our study.
8．A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as_if_they_were
_the_only_people_in_the_world (好像他们是这世界上仅有的人一样)．
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．My uncle wears a heavy beard (胡须). He often shaves it in the office.
2．We are all affected by his total devotion (热爱) to his work. He has hardly no time to take exercise.
3．Let's go to the theatre first and eat at a restaurant afterwards (后来)．
4．Thanks for your invitation (邀请) to the dance party.
5．The little boy was hurt falling off his bike, and now his shoulders are still painful (疼痛的)．
6．Dip (浸；蘸) your hand in to see how hot the water is.
7．Mary explained what we were to do in brief (简短的)．
8．Winning the Olympic title has not just brought her fame (名誉) and fortune.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．There are all sort of shops in this area.sort→sorts
2．To be briefly, I think we should accept their invitation.briefly→brief
3．The dictionary is a useful tool with that you can improve your English.that→which
4．Mother Teresa has devoted herself to care for the poor.care→caring
5．We must work hard and above of all, we must believe that each one of us is able to succeed.去掉all前of
6．He came up a new suggestion in the meeting.up后加with
Ⅲ.选词填空
rely on， sort out， stick to， to be brief， in addition to， come up with， play jokes on， in cash， break up， above all
1．Whatever happens, we'll stick_to our promise.
2．Above_all,_make sure we keep in touch.
3．They came_up_with the housing problems in the meeting once again.
4．To_be_brief,_she was happy with the result.
5．The shop charges less if the customer pays in_cash.
6．The boys played_jokes_on Tom. They hid his shoes and he couldn't find them.
7．It was due to lack of money that their marriage broke_up.
8．Please sort_out the things you want to keep and throw everything else away.
9．Many people now rely_on the Internet for news.
10．In_addition_to native plants, this garden has many trees and flowers from overseas.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．You'll get an extra gift if you buy something during the Christmas.
2．I gave up because I didn't have any confidence (confident) in myself.
3．He described briefly (brief) what happened in a short time.
4．I am now getting much more familiar with this area.
5．She dressed beautifully and looked attractive (attract)．
6．The poor girl was kneeling on the ground, begging money from the passers by (passer by)．
7．Their marriage has broken up because of his laziness.
8．He has received an invitation (invite) to the evening party.
9．After the news was_broadcast (broadcast) that our spaceship returned to the earth safely, we all cheered with great joy.
10．He is always full of energy as if he never knew (know) tiredness.
Ⅱ.多维演练
attach
(1)单句语法填空
①I don't think we should attach too much importance to earning (earn) a lot of money.
②One day, when I opened my book, I found a beautiful card attached (attach) to the first page, giving me best wishes.
③He works in an institute attached (attach) to Beijing University.
(2)补全句子
①We should attach_great_importance_to reading widely.
我们应该十分重视广泛阅读。
②The middle school is_attached_to Beijing Normal University.
这所中学附属于北京师范大学。
(3)句式升级[把练习(2)①变成被动语态]
Great_importance_should_be_attached_to_reading_widely.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．We can't_enter_the_lab_without_being_allowed (未经允许不能进入实验室) by the teacher.
2．He walked in as if he_had_bought_the_school (他已买下了这所学校)．
3．Not having been here for a long time, I had to rely_on_my_friends_to_help_me (依靠我的朋友帮助我) find a job.
4．There are two rooms, the_smaller_of_which (较小的那个) is my study.
5．He is always honest and doesn't talk much. Never did it occur to me that he should_have_played_jokes_on_me (竟然捉弄我) at yesterday's party.
6．You will never succeed unless_you_work_hard/if_you_don't_work_hard (如果你不努力工作)．
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
On a dark winter day in Russia in 1896, Sergei Prokofiev sat by a piano next to his mother. She was helping him compose (作曲) his first piece of music. Sergei was only five years old.
He had overheard his parents discussing a terrible famine (饥荒) in India. The picture Sergei had of those hungry people in his mind caused him to write a story, in the form of musical notes. Sergei could not read music, so he picked out a tune on the piano keys, and his mother recorded the notes. Sergei titled it “Indian Gallop”．
Sergei's mother began giving him piano lessons for 20 minutes a day, and his ability grew quickly. She had a great love for music, too, and Sergei often lay awake in bed at night and listened to her play the piano.
Sergei's parents found a famous music teacher for him. The teacher shouted at Sergei when he didn't practice reading and playing music. Sergei later wrote, “I wanted to compose great musical plays, and instead I was given all sorts of boring tasks.” Yet he persisted_with his studies and grew up to be a great composer.
In 1936 a children's theater asked Sergei to write music that would teach children about different instruments. He was happy and wrote the piece in a week, calling it PeterandtheWolf.
Sergei's PeterandtheWolf was enjoyed by children as well as adults. The first time Sergei played the piece on the piano, the children listening to it loved it so much that they made him play the ending three extra times. He was excited.
Today Sergei Prokofiev is remembered not only for his contributions (贡献) to classical music, but also for his sense of fun.
1．When he was five, Sergei ________.
A．could read music
B．experienced a famine
C．created his first composition
D．wrote a story about his parents
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She was helping him compose (作曲) his first piece of music. Sergei was only five years old.”以及第二段介绍Sergei完成他的作曲并将其命名为“Indian Gallop”可知，Sergei在五岁时就创作出他人生的第一支乐曲。
2．The piece of music PeterandtheWolf ________.
A．was a great success
B．was one of Sergei's early works
C．was written to teach children about the piano
D．was played three extra times when first played
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sergei's PeterandtheWolf was enjoyed by children as well as adults.”和“the children listening to it loved it so much that they made him play the ending three extra times”可推测，《彼得和狼》这支乐曲大获成功。
3．What's the text mainly about
A．The greatest 20th century composer.
B．Sergei's contributions to music.
C．Musical plays in Russia.
D．Sergei's musical stories.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了与Sergei的音乐有关的故事。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Animals can become endangered for a number of reasons, but many experts believe that loss of habitat is the main cause. Some animals are put __1__ danger when people take over their habitats. This often __2__ (occur) because people want one or more of the resources (资源) in those areas. Some forests, for example, provide wood __3__ is used for things like paper and furniture, etc. Many trees __4__ (cut) down every day for such purposes but not enough are being planted. It has seriously decreased the population of many species.
In some cases, loss of habitat arises __5__ forest fires or flooding of land. Environmentalists and zoologists are __6__ (frequent) trying to do what they can to prevent the number of populations from __7__ (drop) too seriously.
Sometimes, people influence nature, indirectly causing the animals __8__ (lose) their habitats. Experts believe the problem is becoming much __9__ (bad) because of the emission (排放) of greenhouse gases. They don't know __10__ much influence people have, however. The greenhouse effect can also influence weather patterns that affect animals.
1．in in danger意为“在危险中”。
2．occurs 设空处表示现阶段经常性的动作，应用一般现在时，且主语为This，故填occurs。
3．that/which 设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词wood且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
4．are being cut trees与cut之间是被动关系，且由but后内容可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，故填are being cut。
5．from arise from表示“由……引起，由……产生”。
6．frequently 设空处修饰谓语，故填副词frequently。
7．dropping prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”。
8．to lose cause sb./sth. to do sth.意为“造成/引起某人/某物做某事”。
9．worse 设空处所在句句意为“专家认为因为温室气体的排放，所以这个问题变得更糟糕”，故填worse。
10．how 设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中修饰much，故填how。(共45张PPT)
第一步先疏通课文[点点释疑→小题精做]
第二步再学习新知[识记清单→重点详析→课时检测Unit 5 Music Section Ⅴ Writing—咨询信
咨询信是指写信人就某一个问题向收信人征求或征询建议，希望收信人就写信人提出的问题给出针对性的解决方法或提出合理的建议。
一、基本框架
1．开头——简单叙述写咨询信的目的或意图，清楚表明要寻求什么样的帮助。
2．主体——言明要咨询的具体问题和存在的困难，并请求对方给出一些建议。
3．结尾——诚恳地提出希望，表达需要得到帮助的迫切心情并表示感谢。
二、增分佳句
1．I'm writing totell you some advice on how to form a music band.
2．Nowadays, bothtraditional and modern music are enjoyed by people in China.
3．For a long time, traditional music has played an important part in people's life.
4．I was at a loss what to do with this situation.
5．I find it really hard to learn English well and I almost lost heart.
6．I would appreciate it if you could give me some precious advice.
7．I'm sorry to trouble you, but I feel that I must write you this letter.
8．Would you like to give me some advice on it so that I can make rapid progress
[题目要求]
假如你是李华，你打算与你的朋友组建一个乐队。门基乐队的成功给了你很大的鼓舞。但你和朋友对乐队的名字、主唱、乐器的选择及乐队的类型存在分歧，这让你不知所措，你决定给门基乐队写一封电子邮件，告诉他们你的想法，并征求他们的建议，如何才能使乐队更加成功。
注意：可根据内容要点就某一方面或几个方面的问题征求他们的建议。
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为咨询信；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第一人称；
3．确定时态：本文的主要时态应用一般现在时态。
二、构思
开头：自我介绍并提出问题。
主体：具体描述自己遇到的问题、困难等。
结尾：再次提出希望，希望对方给自己提出建议。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．form_a_band 组建一个乐队
2．inspire 鼓舞；激励
3．instrument 乐器
4．lead_singer 主唱
5．type_of_music 音乐类型
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
开头：自我介绍并提出问题。
1．我叫李华。我打算与我的另外三个朋友组建一个乐队。
My name is Li Hua. I'm_going/planning_to_form_a_band with my other three friends.
2．你们(门基)乐队的成功给了我们很大的鼓舞。可是，我们以前没有在乐队里待过。
Your band's success inspired us greatly. However, we have_never_been_in_a_band_before.
3．你能给我们一些建议吗？
Could you please give_us_some_advice/suggestions
主体：具体描述自己遇到的问题、困难等。
4．我们都喜欢流行音乐，但是我和我的三个朋友无法决定给乐队取什么名字，谁主唱以及选择什么样的乐器等。
My three friends and I like pop music. We_can't_decide the band's name. We can't decide the lead singer. We can't decide what_instruments_we_choose.
5．此外，我们该演奏什么样的音乐？我们是该只演奏一种音乐还是各种音乐都尝试一下呢？
In_addition/Besides,_what type of music should we play Should we only play one kind or try_every_type_of_music
6．你们乐队是如何决定演奏什么的呢？
How did your band decide what_to_play
结尾：再次提出希望，希望对方给自己提出建议。
7．我们真的希望你们能给我们一些建议。
We really hope you can give_us_some_advice.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用but, as well as等把句4合并成一个含转折关系的并列句
My_three_friends_and_I_like_pop_music,_but_we_can't_decide_the_band's_name,_the_lead_singer_as_well_as_what_instruments_we_choose.
2．对句7的谓语部分进行强调
We_do_hope_you_can_give_us_some_advice.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
Dear_Monkees,_
My_name_is_Li_Hua._I'm_going_to_form_a_band_with_my_other_three_friends._Your_band's_success_inspired_us_greatly._However,_we_have_never_been_in_a_band_before._Could_you_please_give_us_some_advice/suggestions
My_three_friends_and_I_like_pop_music,_but_we_can't_decide_the_band's_name,_the_lead_singer_as_well_as_what_instruments_we_choose._In_addition/Besides,_what_type_of_music_should_we_play _Should_we_only_play_one_kind_or_try_every_type_of_music _How_did_your_band_decide_what_to_play
We_do_hope_you_can_give_us_some_advice.
Yours_hopefully，
Li_Hua(共12张PPT)单元加餐练（一~二） 完形阅读组合练
加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
One day, a boy was playing in a garden. He was running after butterflies and trying to catch them. He was very __1__ to see the colorful flowers, too. Then he saw a frog skipping and __2__. As he ran behind the frog, it went into the pond. A cow was eating grass in the garden. He saw how the cow was __3__ grass. A fly then came there and buzzed over the __4__. It swung its tail to make the fly move away. The child clapped and __5__.
The boy was enjoying the beauty of nature. He said, “Nature is __6__. Its beauty attracts everyone.”
When he saw a squirrel, he ran after it and __7__ near the bed of roses. He tried to pick some of the roses, but a thorn (刺) __8__ his finger. It was very painful. The boy started __9__ and ran to his mother who was in the __10__.
His mother asked him, “What is the matter？” The boy said, “The thorn of the rose __11__ my finger while I was picking it and now I feel __12__ pain.” His mother said, “That was your __13__. You should not have tried to pick the flower. The flowers are meant to be __14__ and not to be picked. Besides, natural beauty should never be __15__. We should help to protect nature.” The son said, “I will __16__ remember what you have just told me, Mom.” The Mother said, “Let me know what you have __17__ today.” Her son explained, “We should protect __18__ living beings, whether animals or __19__. We should never harm them. We should not harm nature. __20__ we do, it may harm us in the long run, too.”
语篇解读：一个小男孩去摘玫瑰，结果被玫瑰的刺弄伤了，他妈妈告诉他不要破坏大自然的美，而应该保护大自然的美。
1．A.angry B．bored
C．worried D．happy
解析：选D 小男孩看到美丽的花，他应该很“快乐”。
2．A.falling B．flying
C．jumping D．running
解析：选C 小男孩看到的是一只青蛙，根据skipping以及青蛙到了水塘里的语境，可知青蛙在“跳”。
3．A.washing B．chewing
C．cleaning D．damaging
解析：选B 根据“A cow was eating grass in the garden.”可知小男孩在观察牛“咀嚼”草。
4．A.butterfly B．boy
C．frog D．cow
解析：选D 根据“It swung its tail to make the fly move away.”可知这东西有根尾巴，再结合上句，故选cow。
5．A.moved B．stared
C．laughed D．escaped
解析：选C 根据“The child clapped”可知小男孩觉得这个很有趣，拍着手“大笑”。
6．A.friendly B．wonderful
C．different D．boring
解析：选B 根据“Its beauty attracts everyone.”可知小男孩觉得自然很“好”。
7．A.reached B．appeared
C．existed D．drove
解析：选A 根据“near the bed of roses”可知小男孩跑“到”了玫瑰花丛边。
8．A.cost B．changed
C．hurt D．caught
解析：选C 根据“It was very painful.”可知玫瑰花的刺“弄伤”了小男孩的手指。
9．A.checking B．walking
C．shaking D．crying
解析：选D 小男孩很痛，“哭”了起来。
10．A.hospital B．office
C．house D．school
解析：选C 小男孩是跑去他妈妈那里了，他妈妈应该是在“家”里。
11．A.ate B．pierced
C．tore D．pulled
解析：选B 由上文可知玫瑰的刺刺伤了小男孩的手。
12．A.great B．strange
C．common D．new
解析：选A 小男孩说自己“很”痛。
13．A.choice B．surprise
C．place D．mistake
解析：选D 根据“You should not have tried to pick the flower.”可知小男孩的妈妈说这是他的“错”。
14．A.watered B．planted
C．seen D．borrowed
解析：选C 根据“not to be picked”可知妈妈对小男孩说花不是用来摘的，而是用来“看”的。
15．A.improved B．harmed
C．reduced D．forgotten
解析：选B 小男孩的妈妈说，自然界的美是永远不能被“破坏”的。
16．A.always B．never
C．sometimes D．hardly
解析：选A 小男孩很懂事，故他说会“一直”记得他妈妈的建议的。
17．A.liked B．given
C．learnt D．watched
解析：选C 根据后文小男孩所说的话，可知他妈妈问他今天“学到”了什么。
18．A.no B．few
C．some D．all
解析：选D 小男孩说我们应该保护“所有的”生物。
19．A.gardens B．plants
C．water D．stones
解析：选B 前面是指生物，生物包括动物和“植物”。
20．A.If B．Though
C．Still D．So
解析：选A 这里是表假设，表示“如果”我们破坏自然，那么以后自然界就会报复我们。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
After school, my best friend and I used to go to one of the oldest parts of the city. From the little path beside the school, we'd climb down to the old railway tunnel (隧道) that had gone dark many years before. The complete darkness was terrifying and mysterious. We would leave our backpacks at the edge of the tunnel, knowing that they would be good landmarks when we returned.
When we first started going down into the tunnel, we didn't do so with any particular purpose. We just liked going to this place that everyone else was too afraid to visit. After a few such visits, though, we started to look more into the history of the area. Our history teacher directed us to some books at the public library. We learned that this railroad used to be a very busy one, shipping goods from the western states to New York City.
History is everywhere in New Jersey. Our history teacher told us that our town had been settled by Dutch traders four centuries earlier. But the Lenape tribes (部落) had already been living there for many thousands of years. In fact, in the early seventeenth century, when the Dutch arrived, the Lenape were one of the most powerful tribes in the area. The Dutch settlers were cruel in their conquest (征服) of the area, but they held on to many Lenape names, such as Manhattan, Raritan, and Tappan. The area looks so much different now, but the Lenape influence is still undoubtedly there.
The history lesson enriched our trips around the secret part of the city. As we knew more about what had happened in our city, we were invited to give reports to our classmates and teachers. A_special_interest goes a long way: you never know what you'll find in a place that people have forgotten for many years.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者和朋友从隧道探险活动中了解所住城市的历史，受益匪浅。
1．The author and his friend's first visits to the tunnel were ________.
A．terrible B．aimless
C．disappointing D．dangerous
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When we first started going down into the tunnel, we didn't do so with any particular purpose.”可知，作者和他的朋友最初进入隧道并没有什么特别的目的。
2．The author's history teacher ________.
A．entered the tunnel with him
B．lent him some books on history
C．was in support of his tunnel trips
D．worried about his going to the railroad
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Our history teacher directed us to some books at the public library”和第三段中的“Our history teacher told us ...”可推测，作者的历史老师支持他的隧道探险的。
3．According to the text, the Dutch ________.
A．took the Lenape's land
B．changed many place names
C．left New Jersey in the 17th century
D．were deeply influenced by the Lenape
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Dutch settlers were cruel in their conquest (征服) of the area”可知，荷兰人占领了德拉瓦族的领土。
4．What would be the best title for the text
A．My history teacher's story
B．The railroad to New York
C．New Jersey's secrets
D．A tunnel to history
解析：选D 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，作者讲述了自己和朋友探索城市废弃铁路隧道的经历，他们从中获取了很多关于他们城市的历史知识。D项作标题能够起到统领全文的作用。
加餐练(二) 第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
In 2001, there was a famous movie __1__ (name) Harry Potter, __2__ turned out to be the most popular magical movie all over the world. The movie is about magical things and not only the kids but also the grown ups think it very __3__ (interest). Nowadays, with the __4__ (succeed) of the movie, the original book has been a hot seller.
When I was in high school, my English teacher, who was a fan of Harry Potter, let us __5__ (see) the fourth series of the movie, and I was __6__ (deep) attracted by the story and the magical world at once. The three main persons in it are very funny and they __7__ (love) by the fans from all over the world. Harry Potter is so popular __8__ many writers begin to write magical stories. The later popular book named Twilight is another kind of Harry Potter.
As the book is so popular, the woman writer J. K. Rowling earns a lot of money and becomes one of the most powerful and rich __9__ (woman) in the world. Now the fans of Harry Potter are looking forward __10__ reading her new books.
语篇解读：本文讲述了观众对于电影《哈利·波特》的喜爱。
1．named 此处是过去分词短语named ...作后置定语，修饰movie。
2．which 空格后的句子是非限制性定语从句，故用which引导，which在从句中充当主语。
3．interesting 空格处的词修饰it，it指代电影Harry Potter，所以用interesting。
4．success 空格位于冠词the之后，介词of之前，要用名词形式success。
5．see let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。
6．deeply 动词attracted需用副词修饰，所以用deeply。
7．are loved they与love之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：电影中的三个主要人物非常有趣，他们被世界各地的粉丝喜爱。
8．that so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”，为固定句式。
9．women “one of＋名词复数”意为“……之一”。
10．to look forward to“盼望着”，是固定搭配，to是介词。
Ⅱ.短文改错
As students, we have classes for early morning till late afternoon. Therefore, take a ten minute break between class is definitely important, even necessary. Otherwise we may feel both physically or mentally tired. During the ten minute break we did something to get rid of tiredness. What we need is to have real rest, instead of getting even tired. So don't do anything that will make you too excited. My ten minute break is always pleased. I usually take some exercise. Sometime I have a free chat with my classmates. When the new class begins, I feel freshly again.
答案：第一句：for→from
第二句：take→taking; class→classes
第三句：or→and
第四句：did→do
第五句：have后加a; 去掉tired前的even
第七句：pleased→pleasing
第九句：Sometime→Sometimes
第十句：freshly→fresh
Ⅲ.书面表达
假设你是李华，你将代表你们班参加你校本周五举行的英文歌曲大赛。请根据以下提示用英语给你的美国笔友Rose写一封电子邮件。内容包括：
1．陈述写信原因；
2．请她帮你选一首英文歌曲；
3．希望她提供一些演唱指导。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
Dear Rose，
I'm writing to ask you for some help.
A competition of singing English songs is to be held in our school this Friday and I'm going to represent our class. However, I don't know which song will be the most proper. I know you are good at singing and have taken part in several such competitions, so I'd like you to recommend one. In addition, I'm good at singing Chinese songs but I seldom sing English ones, so I'd like you to give me some advice on how to sing English songs. I would appreciate it very much.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li HuaUnit 5 Music
My First Band
I was very sensitive to music. Just dippinginto the music books briefly, I could sing or play well. To be honest, I always dreamt of becoming a famous folkactor. I was so confident that I never decreased my devotion.
I formed my first band called “Rolling Frog”. At the beginning, we relied on performing on instruments in pubs or to passers by to earn extra money in cash. Then we wore false beardsto pretend to be the musicians whom people werefamiliar with. In addition,we attachedhumorous acts to our performances and played jokes on each other. Soon, our “funny jazz” became famous and invitations to perform for broadcast stations began to come. Afterwards, we sorted outattractive music and made a record in a studio. A million or so copies were sold and we became millionaires.
It was painful that the band broke up finally. But above all, I realized my dream to be a musician.
我的第一支乐队
我对音乐很敏感，只要简要地浏览一下乐谱，我就能演唱或演奏得很好。说实话，我一直都梦想着能成为一个出名的民间演员，自信的我从未减少过热爱。
我组成的第一支乐队叫做“摇滚蛙”。开始，我们依靠在酒吧里或向路人演奏乐器来挣些额外的现金。然后我们带上假胡子假扮人们熟悉的音乐家。除此之外，我们在表演中加上幽默的动作，互相开玩笑。很快，我们的“滑稽爵士乐”出名了，到广播电台表演的邀请开始多起来。后来，我们把我们吸引人的音乐做了分类，在一间音乐工作室录制了1张唱片。唱片大约卖出了100万张，我们都成了百万富翁。
很痛苦，乐队最终解散了。但最重要的是，我实现了自己当音乐家的梦想。(共3张PPT)Unit 5 Music课时跟踪练（一）Warming Up & Reading-Pre reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
In the year 2015, Jennifer Lawrence topped the Forbes list of the highest paid actresses. She gave her final performance as Katniss Everdeen, in Mockingjay — Part 2, the last film of the Hunger Games series. In it, she teams up with Peeta and Gale to save the nation of Panem during a war with the Capitol's
corrupt (腐败的) government. The world has watched Lawrence grow up on screen over the years of the series. “I love being part of a film that can spark conversation，” Lawrence says. “It's been such an amazing part in my life.”
The Oscar winner has also sparked conversation as an advocate (提倡者) for equal pay for women and men in her industry. Earlier in the year, she found that she was paid less for acting in the movie American Hustle than her male co stars, so she wrote an article online about the pay gap in Hollywood, titled “Why Do I Make Less Than My Male Co Stars？” Because what she wrote went public, other actresses also came out for higher pay.
Born on August 15,1990, Lawrence grew up in Kentucky with her parents and two elder brothers. She says they helped her develop her sense of humor. At just 19 years old, she was nominated (提名) for her first Oscar for her role in the film Winter's Bone.
Throughout her career, Lawrence has also worked to try to promote (宣传) healthy body images. When she took on the role of Katniss in the Hunger Games series, she refused to appear unhealthy on camera. Though the book, written by Suzanne Collins, describes Katniss as very thin, Lawrence did not try to look like that in the movie.
语篇解读：本文为记叙文。文章向我们介绍了美国好莱坞的知名女演员Jennifer Lawrence。
1．What's Lawrence's purpose of writing the article online
A．To help increase women's pay in her industry.
B．To show that she has been unfairly treated.
C．To draw people's attention to her movie.
D．To make actors receive lower pay.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第二段中的第一句可知，Jennifer Lawrence写那篇文章是为了帮助提高女演员的片酬。
2．Lawrence was nominated for her first Oscar because of ________.
A．American Hustle B．Winter's Bone
C．Mockingjay — Part 2 D．the Hunger Games series
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“At just 19 years old, she was nominated (提名) for her first Oscar for her role in the film Winter's Bone.”可知，答案为B。
3．After taking on the role of Katniss, Lawrence decided to ________.
A．lose some weight
B．appear healthy on camera
C．look like the character in the book
D．ask Suzanne to change Katniss' looks
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“When she took on the role of Katniss in the Hunger Games series, she refused to appear unhealthy on camera.”可知，Jennifer Lawrence在镜头前的形象看起来是健康的。
4．The passage is written to ________.
A．encourage equal pay
B．introduce some movies
C．encourage movie watching
D．introduce Jennifer Lawrence
解析：选D 写作意图题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国好莱坞的知名女演员Jennifer Lawrence。
B
Listening to music is considered a good thing for adults. Indeed it is. Scientific studies have proven it. Music has so many good effects on our body, mind and mood that this world will certainly not be a good place without music. Then, is music good for children Some parents think so and let their children learn or listen to music. But some parents don't know the importance of music to children. Here are some reasons why music is important to children.
First, music is good for children's intelligence. Studies have proved that children who learn music are likely to have higher intelligence than those who have no interest in or dislike music. This is because the brain gets stimulated (刺激) by the rhythm and tone of music.
Music also has soothing (抚慰的) effect on children and helps remove their stress. Today's children are under a lot of stress from schoolwork. Being under too much stress impairs children's health. Luckily, listening to music can help them feel better.
Music can improve children's moods. Some children are sad by nature. They seem to be lost in their own thoughts and don't take interest in their surroundings. In such cases, a method known as “music therapy” comes to their rescue. It changes their moods and places a new kind of spirit in them.
Music is also a universal language that children ought to learn. Our world has become a global village. People are getting more and more interested in other cultures and countries. Music can help them in understanding foreign cultures.
Now we can say that music is very important not only to adults but also to children. So children should be encouraged to learn music or listen to music.
5．By mentioning scientific studies in Paragraph 1, the author wants to show ________.
A．why adults should listen to music
B．children should listen to music
C．listening to music is only good for adults
D．why scientists are interested in music
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Listening to music is considered a good thing for adults. Indeed it is. Scientific studies have proven it.”可知，作者是为了表明听音乐对成人有益处，也就是为什么成人应该听音乐。
6．What does the underlined word “impairs” in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Harms. B．Changes.
C．Improves. D．Shows.
解析：选A 词义猜测题。根据“Luckily, listening to music can help them feel better.”可知，画线词所在的句子是指“太多压力会‘伤害’孩子的健康”。
7．The last but second paragraph shows that listening to music means ________.
A．learning languages better
B．understanding foreign cultures better
C．accepting the fast developing world easily
D．showing greater interest in other cultures
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Music can help them in understanding foreign cultures.”可知，听音乐可以帮助更好地理解外国的文化。
8．What would be the best title for the passage
A．Why do Children Love Music
B．How to Choose Music for Children
C．How to Teach Children Music Easily
D．Why is Music Important to Children
解析：选D 标题归纳题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲为什么音乐对小孩很重要。
C
A woolly mammoth (猛犸象) that was frozen in ice for 40,000 years may make it possible for scientists to bring the animal back to life. The mammoth was found on an island off northern Russia in May 2013. Its body was still in good shape because of the ice. Something that looked like blood came out of it when it was first discovered.
So far, scientists have found out that the animal, who they nicknamed Buttercup, was 2.5 metres tall and about 50 years old when it died. By examining the things in its intestines (肠道), scientists can tell it ate grassland plants like dandelions (蒲公英) and buttercups (金凤花)．
Woolly mammoths have been extinct for 10,000 years. Many scientists think they could learn a lot more about the animal if they could study a living example. Dr. Tori Herridge, a scientist at the Natural History Museum in London, England, helped study the woolly mammoth's body. She doesn't think scientists should try to clone it. She said that scientists would need an Asian elephant to be the clone's mother. This means they would have to keep several elephants in captivity (囚禁) while they experiment with the cloning process. But Asian elephants are endangered, and don't do well in captivity. Besides, giving birth to a woolly mammoth could be dangerous for the elephant mother.
Insung Hwang is one of the scientists at Sooam, a company from South Korea. He said they have not yet found complete DNA in any of the samples (样本), but they have found pieces of DNA that could be pieced together. He added that it will take scientists a long time to study the genetic (基因的) information from the mammoth, and even longer before they could actually try cloning the animal.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们目前对于所发现的猛犸象的研究进展情况。
9．The mammoth found in May 2013 ________.
A．was discovered in eastern Russia
B．lived about 10,000 years ago
C．was kept well in the ice
D．died at an early age
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Its body was still in good shape because of the ice.”可知，在2013年5月发现的这头猛犸象在冰层中保存得很好，故选C项。
10．The woolly mammoth Buttercup was nicknamed after ________.
A．a place B．a plant
C．its discoverer D．its shape
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第一段中的“who they nicknamed Buttercup和scientists can tell it ate grassland plants like dandelions (蒲公英) and buttercups (金凤花)．”可知，这头猛犸象被戏称为Buttercup是因为科学家们在其肠胃中发现了这种植物，故选B项。
11．Asian elephants are mentioned to show ________.
A．the value of cloning the mammoth
B．how different they are from mammoths
C．how important they are to human beings
D．the disadvantages of cloning the mammoth
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第二段中的“But Asian elephants are endangered, and ... dangerous for the elephant mother.”可知，文中之所以提到亚洲象是为了说明克隆猛犸象可能会带来的不利影响，故选D项。
12．What Insung Hwang said suggested that ________.
A．mammoth cloning has a long way to go
B．the mammoth died out earlier than people supposed
C．it is impossible to find the mammoth's complete DNA
D．human beings caused the disappearance of the mammoth
解析：选A 推理判断题。由第三段中的“it will take scientists a long time ... before they could actually try cloning the animal”可知，想要成功克隆猛犸象还有很长的路要走，故选A项。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Advice on business communication
In the 21st century, more and more business is international. __1__ Most large companies now understand how important it is to have a knowledge of different cultures and languages. Here is some advice to improve business communication between people of different cultures.
Slow down.
In a business situation, it is very important to communicate your ideas and intentions clearly. Make sure there are no mistakes by speaking clearly and not too fast.
Take turns.
__2__ In everyday conversation this can seem strange, but in cross cultural business situations this formal style makes communication much easier.
Give encouragement.
__3__ If the people you are talking with are having trouble finding the right English words, be sensitive to this. They may need your help. Encourage them not to be shy in communicating.
Use everyday language.
It is usually best not to use informal language or colorful variations (变体) of language. __4__ It is advised to speak using well known words and expressions.
__5__
In many countries, business communication is quite serious and formal. People from other cultures may not be comfortable with jokes in a business situation. Even worse, jokes might be understood or seen as impolite.
A．Prepare a short speech.
B．Be careful about jokes.
C．It can be very difficult to speak good English.
D．After each of your questions, wait for the other side to speak.
E．These will often not be understood by people from other countries.
F．Communication between people of different cultures is more important than ever.
G．Just ask how things are going and how they feel about the service you're providing.
1．选F 由该空前的“more and more business is international”可知，随着越来越多的商业活动国际化，拥有不同文化背景的人们相互之间的交流也愈发重要了，故选F项。
2．选D 由该段标题Take turns和该空后的“conversation”可知，D项内容符合此处语境。
3．选C 由该空后的“If the people ... having trouble finding the right English words”可知，前面是说：想要说好英语并不容易，故选C项。
4．选E 由该空前的“informal language or colorful variations (变体) of language”可知，非正式语言或是语言的各种变体对于来自其他国家的人来说不好理解，故选E项。
5．选B 由本段内容可知，商务交流活动往往非常严肃、正式，所以如果讲笑话则需要谨慎，故用B项内容作为小标题最恰当。Unit 5 Music课时跟踪练（三）Learning about Language & Using Language
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．My uncle wears a heavy beard (胡须). He often shaves it in the office.
2．We are all affected by his total devotion (热爱) to his work. He has hardly no time to take exercise.
3．Let's go to the theatre first and eat at a restaurant afterwards (后来)．
4．Thanks for your invitation (邀请) to the dance party.
5．The little boy was hurt falling off his bike, and now his shoulders are still painful (疼痛的)．
6．Dip (浸；蘸) your hand in to see how hot the water is.
7．Mary explained what we were to do in brief (简短的)．
8．Winning the Olympic title has not just brought her fame (名誉) and fortune.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．There are all sort of shops in this area.sort→sorts
2．To be briefly, I think we should accept their invitation.briefly→brief
3．The dictionary is a useful tool with that you can improve your English.that→which
4．Mother Teresa has devoted herself to care for the poor.care→caring
5．We must work hard and above of all, we must believe that each one of us is able to succeed.去掉all前of
6．He came up a new suggestion in the meeting.up后加with
Ⅲ.选词填空
rely on， sort out， stick to， to be brief， in addition to， come up with， play jokes on， in cash， break up， above all
1．Whatever happens, we'll stick_to our promise.
2．Above_all,_make sure we keep in touch.
3．They came_up_with the housing problems in the meeting once again.
4．To_be_brief,_she was happy with the result.
5．The shop charges less if the customer pays in_cash.
6．The boys played_jokes_on Tom. They hid his shoes and he couldn't find them.
7．It was due to lack of money that their marriage broke_up.
8．Please sort_out the things you want to keep and throw everything else away.
9．Many people now rely_on the Internet for news.
10．In_addition_to native plants, this garden has many trees and flowers from overseas.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．You'll get an extra gift if you buy something during the Christmas.
2．I gave up because I didn't have any confidence (confident) in myself.
3．He described briefly (brief) what happened in a short time.
4．I am now getting much more familiar with this area.
5．She dressed beautifully and looked attractive (attract)．
6．The poor girl was kneeling on the ground, begging money from the passers by (passer by)．
7．Their marriage has broken up because of his laziness.
8．He has received an invitation (invite) to the evening party.
9．After the news was_broadcast (broadcast) that our spaceship returned to the earth safely, we all cheered with great joy.
10．He is always full of energy as if he never knew (know) tiredness.
Ⅱ.多维演练
attach
(1)单句语法填空
①I don't think we should attach too much importance to earning (earn) a lot of money.
②One day, when I opened my book, I found a beautiful card attached (attach) to the first page, giving me best wishes.
③He works in an institute attached (attach) to Beijing University.
(2)补全句子
①We should attach_great_importance_to reading widely.
我们应该十分重视广泛阅读。
②The middle school is_attached_to Beijing Normal University.
这所中学附属于北京师范大学。
(3)句式升级[把练习(2)①变成被动语态]
Great_importance_should_be_attached_to_reading_widely.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．We can't_enter_the_lab_without_being_allowed (未经允许不能进入实验室) by the teacher.
2．He walked in as if he_had_bought_the_school (他已买下了这所学校)．
3．Not having been here for a long time, I had to rely_on_my_friends_to_help_me (依靠我的朋友帮助我) find a job.
4．There are two rooms, the_smaller_of_which (较小的那个) is my study.
5．He is always honest and doesn't talk much. Never did it occur to me that he should_have_played_jokes_on_me (竟然捉弄我) at yesterday's party.
6．You will never succeed unless_you_work_hard/if_you_don't_work_hard (如果你不努力工作)．
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
On a dark winter day in Russia in 1896, Sergei Prokofiev sat by a piano next to his mother. She was helping him compose (作曲) his first piece of music. Sergei was only five years old.
He had overheard his parents discussing a terrible famine (饥荒) in India. The picture Sergei had of those hungry people in his mind caused him to write a story, in the form of musical notes. Sergei could not read music, so he picked out a tune on the piano keys, and his mother recorded the notes. Sergei titled it “Indian Gallop”．
Sergei's mother began giving him piano lessons for 20 minutes a day, and his ability grew quickly. She had a great love for music, too, and Sergei often lay awake in bed at night and listened to her play the piano.
Sergei's parents found a famous music teacher for him. The teacher shouted at Sergei when he didn't practice reading and playing music. Sergei later wrote, “I wanted to compose great musical plays, and instead I was given all sorts of boring tasks.” Yet he persisted_with his studies and grew up to be a great composer.
In 1936 a children's theater asked Sergei to write music that would teach children about different instruments. He was happy and wrote the piece in a week, calling it Peter and the Wolf.
Sergei's Peter and the Wolf was enjoyed by children as well as adults. The first time Sergei played the piece on the piano, the children listening to it loved it so much that they made him play the ending three extra times. He was excited.
Today Sergei Prokofiev is remembered not only for his contributions (贡献) to classical music, but also for his sense of fun.
1．When he was five, Sergei ________.
A．could read music
B．experienced a famine
C．created his first composition
D．wrote a story about his parents
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She was helping him compose (作曲) his first piece of music. Sergei was only five years old.”以及第二段介绍Sergei完成他的作曲并将其命名为“Indian Gallop”可知，Sergei在五岁时就创作出他人生的第一支乐曲。
2．The piece of music Peter and the Wolf ________.
A．was a great success
B．was one of Sergei's early works
C．was written to teach children about the piano
D．was played three extra times when first played
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Sergei's Peter and the Wolf was enjoyed by children as well as adults.”和“the children listening to it loved it so much that they made him play the ending three extra times”可推测，《彼得和狼》这支乐曲大获成功。
3．What's the text mainly about
A．The greatest 20th century composer.
B．Sergei's contributions to music.
C．Musical plays in Russia.
D．Sergei's musical stories.
解析：选D 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了与Sergei的音乐有关的故事。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Animals can become endangered for a number of reasons, but many experts believe that loss of habitat is the main cause. Some animals are put __1__ danger when people take over their habitats. This often __2__ (occur) because people want one or more of the resources (资源) in those areas. Some forests, for example, provide wood __3__ is used for things like paper and furniture, etc. Many trees __4__ (cut) down every day for such purposes but not enough are being planted. It has seriously decreased the population of many species.
In some cases, loss of habitat arises __5__ forest fires or flooding of land. Environmentalists and zoologists are __6__ (frequent) trying to do what they can to prevent the number of populations from __7__ (drop) too seriously.
Sometimes, people influence nature, indirectly causing the animals __8__ (lose) their habitats. Experts believe the problem is becoming much __9__ (bad) because of the emission (排放) of greenhouse gases. They don't know __10__ much influence people have, however. The greenhouse effect can also influence weather patterns that affect animals.
1．in in danger意为“在危险中”。
2．occurs 设空处表示现阶段经常性的动作，应用一般现在时，且主语为This，故填occurs。
3．that/which 设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词wood且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
4．are being cut trees与cut之间是被动关系，且由but后内容可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，故填are being cut。
5．from arise from表示“由……引起，由……产生”。
6．frequently 设空处修饰谓语，故填副词frequently。
7．dropping prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人/某物做某事”。
8．to lose cause sb./sth. to do sth.意为“造成/引起某人/某物做某事”。
9．worse 设空处所在句句意为“专家认为因为温室气体的排放，所以这个问题变得更糟糕”，故填worse。
10．how 设空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中修饰much，故填how。Unit 5 Music课时跟踪练（二）Warming Up & Reading-Language Points
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The passer by (过路人) was very grateful to us for directing him when he was lost.
2．Drivers are advised to take extra (额外的) care.
3．After living in America for many years, he becomes very familiar (熟悉的) with the custom there.
4．They said goodbye to the villagers, with tears rolling (滚动) down their cheeks.
5．The chairman's speech will be broadcast (广播) nationwide.
6．I have no cash (现金) on me. Can I pay you later
7．Jane pretended (假装) to be happy before her parents as if nothing had happened between her and her husband.
8．They have formed (成立) an organization to protect endangered species, such as the Tibetan antelopes.
9．As a teacher, she had earned (赢得) the respect of her students.
10．Hangzhou is considered to be one of the most attractive (有吸引力的) places in China.
Ⅱ.选词填空
to be honest， or so， be familiar with， rely on， dream of， in cash， break up， play jokes on， attach importance to，as well as
1．The police spent about one hour breaking_up the crowd.
2．A lot of people went to the new park yesterday and two thirds or_so were children.
3．It is acceptable to play_jokes_on your friends on April 1st.
4．To_be_honest,_it is one of the worst books I've ever read.
5．People in the mountain area are dreaming_of living a rich life.
6．Don't rely_on me to see you off. I'm afraid I won't have time that day.
7．She grows flowers as_well_as vegetables.
8．It is unwise only to attach_importance_to one's appearance.
9．Chinese children are_familiar_with the stories of The Journey to the West.
10．You have to pay in_cash in this supermarket instead of by check.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．If you want to understand a sentence better, you should break_it_up into parts.
如果你想更好地理解一个句子，你应该把它分解成几部分。
2．Nowadays an increasing number of parents are_attaching_importance_to_educating their children.
如今越来越多的家长开始重视教育孩子。
3．It's not proper to_play_jokes_on_others in public.
在公众场所捉弄别人是不恰当的。
4．We rely_heavily_on_computers_to organize our work in modern society.
在现代社会我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来处理我们的工作。
5．Honestly_speaking/To_be_honest,_I hate the student wearing long hair.
说实在的，我讨厌那位留着长发的学生。
6．Because of high unemployment, nowadays it is not easy to_earn_a_living.
由于房价高，现今谋生并不容易。
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
If we are honest with ourselves, most of us have dreamed of 1.being (be) rich and famous. Most 2.musicians (music) form a band because of the same interest 3.in writing and playing music. They may play anywhere 4.to_earn (earn) some extra money as well as fulfill their dreams. However, the Monkees, 5.which started differently, began as a TV show with musicians 6.playing (play) jokes and music in the programme. Only after a year 7.or so did they become more serious and they produced their own records and later became even 8.more_popular (popular) than the Beatles in the USA. The band once broke 9.up and reunited. In memory of their former time as a real band, they produced 10.a new record in 1996.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
他一直梦想(dream of)成为一名歌手。他靠着(rely on)信心和毅力(persistence)三十年如一日地练习唱歌。这为他赢得(earn)了成功。现在他的声音为每个人所熟悉(familiar)。他十分看重(attach importance to)人们给予他的帮助。同时，他也乐于帮助他人。他曾许诺和歌迷的联系(relation)永远不会结束(break up)。
He_has_always_been_dreaming_of_being_a_singer._And_he_has_relied_on_his_confidence_and_persistence_to_practise_singing_for_30_years,_which_has_earned_him_success._Now_his_voice_is_familiar_to_everyone._He_attaches_great_importance_to_the_help_people_have_offered_to_him,_and_at_the_same_time,_he_is_ready_to_help_others._He_promised_that_the_relation_between_him_and_his_fans_would_never_break_up.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
It was a dark day, one of depression, sorrow and anger. As I climbed out of the __1__， after witnessing my time in the 100 yard freestyle, I did not feel like speaking to anyone. I saw the bright smiles of swimmers who had just __2__ a best time. __3__， I had failed. Or at least that is what I thought at the time.
I was lying on my cool bed when an idea __4__ my head. Success is the __5__ to go from failure to failure without __6__ your enthusiasm. At practice the next day, I told my swimming teammates about my goal time and they all either laughed or replied with a __7__ similar response like, “You can't do it” or “Probably not”. Believe it or not, these are the responses that made my goal __8__.
Finally came the day when I had to __9__ to myself and others that with __10__ there is no limit to your achievements.
With the starting gun __11__， I dove with perfect form into the pool. I felt the cool water running __12__ my back. I swam like a fish, bouncing off each __13__ at the wall as if it was a spring board. On the __14__ turn, I came back to the wall with every piece of strength I had. I __15__ the final wall with my fingertips and knew that I had swum the __16__ race.
I had done it! I had achieved my best time! Joy filled my __17__ like water does a cup. I saw the __18__ on all of my friends' faces as I __19__ out of the pool: their jaws dropped to the ground. I began to laugh and gave them thumbs up.
I have __20__ in life that having belief in yourself opens all gates. Never forget that anything the mind can conceive and believe it can achieve.
语篇解读：作者的队友认为作者不会成功，但通过自己的努力，作者最终证明了自己的实力，因为作者相信：自信是开启成功大门的钥匙。只要想到就没有做不了的事。
1．A.pond B．sea
C．pool D．bed
解析：选C 根据下文“as I __19__ out of the pool”可知作者应该是爬出游泳池。
2．A.made B．achieved
C．reached D．realized
解析：选B 我看见达到最好时间的游泳者脸上的微笑，achieve“达到”，符合语境。
3．A.Otherwise B．However
C．Besides D．In addition
解析：选B 根据上文看见的是胜利者脸上的微笑，下文是转折，作者失败了，故选B项。
4．A.occurred B．broke
C．stuck D．hit
解析：选D 一个想法突然出现在我的脑海里。an idea hit sb.是习惯用法。
5．A.opportunity B．action
C．cause D．ability
解析：选D 成功就是在多次失败中不失去热情的能力。ability“能力”，符合语境。
6．A.keeping B．losing
C．reducing D．decreasing
解析：选B 根据对成功的理解和上下文的理解，losing符合语境。
7．A.somehow B．somewhat
C．anyhow D．anywhere
解析：选B 他们有着相似的回答：“你不行”或“不可能”。somehow“不知怎么地”； somewhat“有点”； anyhow“无论如何”； anywhere“任何地方”。根据下文的意思B项符合语境。
8．A.magical B．reasonable
C．confident D．achievable
解析：选D 信不信由你，正是这些回答使我达到了我的目标。achievable“可达到的”，符合语境。
9．A.promise B．provide
C．present D．prove
解析：选D 向自己和他人证明的那一天终于来了。prove“证明”，符合语境。
10．A.consideration B．impression
C．belief D．desire
解析：选C 带着信念，没有什么能限制你的成功。belief“信念”，符合语境。
11．A.setting out B．going off
C．breaking out D．getting off
解析：选B 随着发令枪发射……。go off“发射”，符合语境。
12．A.through B．above
C．across D．to
解析：选C 我感到凉水从我的背上流过。across“横穿”，指从表面穿过。
13．A.turn B．jump
C．struggle D．shoot
解析：选A 在转弯的泳池墙上弹出去，就好像是踏到弹簧板一样。turn“转弯”。根据游泳转弯常识和情境理解。
14．A.next B．previous
C．very D．last
解析：选D 在最后的转弯处，我拼尽全力游回到泳池墙边。last“最后的”，符合语境。
15．A.pushed B．reached
C．got D．touched
解析：选D 我用我的指尖触摸终点墙。touch“触摸”，符合语境。
16．A.whole B．perfect
C．first D．best
解析：选B 根据前面的描述应该是作者的表现完美无缺。
17．A.heart B．head
C．mind D．face
解析：选A 根据后半句选择heart，意为：心里充满欢乐。
18．A.expressions B．emotions
C．feelings D．responses
解析：选A 我看到所有朋友脸上的表情。expression“表情”，符合语境。
19．A.ran B．climbed
C．stood D．jumped
解析：选B 当我爬出泳池时……，climb“爬”，符合语境。第1空“climbed out of”也是提示。
20．A.gained B．dreamed
C．learned D．remembered
解析：选C 作者通过这件事所知道的道理。learn“了解；知道”，符合语境。
Ⅱ.短文改错
In order to realize his dream, Bill Gates, richest man in the world, gave up studying in Harvard University, that is the most famous in the world. He set up a company and researching the computer software. As an old saying go, “Interest is the best teacher.” I quite agree with this idea. I began to be crazy about English when I was a little girl. I got extreme interested in foreign cultures or customs. To meet me curiosity, I read in English stories every day. It seemed to be the best “meal” of a day. As a result, I always did very well in English exam. Interest is the key of success.
答案：第一句：richest前加the; that→which
第二句：researching→researched
第三句：go→goes
第六句：extreme→extremely; or→and
第七句：me→my; 去掉in
第九句：exam→exams
第十句：of→to
