Unit 5 The power of nature
Mount Kilauea, the world's most active volcano, is on the
island of Hawaii. It is notfar from Mauna Loa, the largest
volcano in the world. Mauna Loa and Kilauea together form
the Volcanoes National Park in Hawaii.
Mount Kilauea has produced lava (熔岩) more than fifty
times in the last one hundred years. At this moment, red hot lava
is pouring out of Kilauea. It has been doing this since 1983.
Sometimes the lava moves slowly. At other times it pours
out very fast asa huge amount of pressure (压力) forces it
from the volcano. During these times, it moves almost as
quickly as water moving down the side of a mountain.
Sometimes Kilauea produces a large amount of lava that
seems like rivers of fire. When the lava from Kilauea reaches
the ocean, its fierce (凶猛的) heat produces a great amount
of steam that rises into the air. The lava is so hot it continues
to burn underwater for some time. The lava from Kilauea
continues to addland to the island as the volcanoes of Hawaii
have always done.It was these volcanoesthatformed the
islands of Hawaii. Most of the time the lava of Kilauea
seems to move peacefully toward the ocean. Yet it is not as
peaceful as it seems from a distance.
In recent years the lava destroyed one small town on the
island. The liquid (流动的) rock slowly covered the town. It
blocked roads and destroyed them. Nothing can stop the lava
of Kilauea.
Experts say the volcanoes of Mauna Loa and Kilauea are a serious threat (威胁) to property on many parts of the island. They also say the volcanoes of the island of Hawaii are proof that the changing environment of Earth is and will always remain beyond human control.
Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Pre reading
AN EXCITING JOBI have the greatest job in the world. I travel to unusual places and work alongside① people from all over the world. Sometimes working outdoors, sometimes in an office, sometimes using scientific equipment② and sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored. Although my job is occasionally③ dangerous, I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people from④ one of the most powerful forces on earth — the volcano.I wasappointed⑤ as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory⑥ (HVO) twenty years ago. My job is collecting information for a database⑦ about Mount Kilauea⑧， which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii. Having collected and evaluated⑨ the information, I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. Our work has saved many lives because people in the path of the lava can be warned⑩ to leave their houses. Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way ， and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground . ①alongside/ l 'saId/adv.在旁边；沿着边 prep.在……旁边；沿着……的边②equipment/I'kwIpm nt/n.[U]设备；装备③occasionally adv.偶尔；间或④protect ... from 保护……免于⑤appoint/ 'p Int/vt.任命；委派be appointed as ... 被任命为……⑥observatory/ b'z v trI; US t rI/n.观象台；天文台；气象台⑦database/'deIt beIs/n.数据库；资料库⑧Mount Kilauea/kIl 'wI /基拉韦厄火山⑨evaluate/I'v lj eIt/vt.评估；评价；估计⑩warn sb. (not) to do sth.警告/告诫某人(不要)去做某事 out of the way 不挡道 burn to the ground 全部焚毁
一份令人兴奋的工作
[第1～2段译文]
我有份世界上最伟大的工作。我跑的地方是稀罕奇特的地方，和我一道工作的人来自世界各地。(我们)有时在室外工作，有时在办公室里，有时(工作中)要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和旅游人士，我从来不感到(工作)无聊。虽然我的工作偶尔也有危险，但是我并不在乎，因为危险能使我兴奋，使我感到有活力。然而，最重要的是，通过我的工作能帮助保护普通百姓免遭火山的威胁——这是世界上最大的自然威力之一。
20年前，作为一名火山学家，我被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。我的任务是收集有关基拉韦厄火山的数据资料，这是夏威夷最活跃的火山之一。收集和评估这些信息之后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将流向何处，流速是多少。我们的工作拯救了许多人的生命，因为熔岩要流经之地，老百姓都可以得到离开家园的通知。遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流经之路，因此，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽。
When boiling rock erupts from a volcano and crashes back to earth, it causes less damage rocks fall. The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock. However, the eruption itself is really exciting to watch and I shall never forget my first sight of one. It was in the second week after I arrived in Hawaii. Having worked hard all day, I went to bed early. I was fast asleep when suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound, like a railway train passing my window. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didn't take much notice. I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. I ran out of the house into the back garden where I could see Mount Kilauea in the distance. There had been an eruption from the side of the mountain and red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the air. It was an absolutely fantastic sight. cause damage 造成损失than you might imagine . This is because no one lives near the top of Mount Kilauea, where the than引导比较状语从句。 wave/weIv/n.波浪；波涛 vi.波动；起伏；挥手 that引导定语从句，修饰the lava。 molten/'m lt n/adj.熔化的；熔融的 eruption/I'r p n/n.火山爆发；(战争等)爆发erupt/I'r pt/vi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生 to watch是动词不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。 fast asleep 睡得很香in the distance 在远处；在远方fountain/'fa ntIn; US tn/vi.&vt.泉水般地喷出或涌出 n．喷泉；源泉absolutely/' bs lu tlI； bs 'lu tlI/adv.绝对地；完全地absolute/' bs lu t/adj.绝对的；完全的fantastic adj.极好的；吸引人的；有趣的
[第3段译文], 当滚烫的岩石从火山喷发出来并撞回地面时，它所造成的损失比想象的要小些，这是因为在岩石下落的基拉韦厄火山顶附近无人居住。而像波浪一样顺着山坡缓缓流下的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多，这是因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被掩埋在熔岩下面了。然而火山喷发本身看起来的确是很壮观的，我永远也忘不了我第一次看见火山喷发时的情景。那是在我抵达夏威夷后的第二个星期。那天我辛辛苦苦地干了一整天，很早就上床睡觉了。我在熟睡中突然感到床铺在摇晃，接着我听到一阵奇怪的声音，就好像一列火车在我的窗外行驶一样。因为我在夏威夷曾经经历过多次地震，所以对此我并不在意。我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。我跑出房间，来到后花园，在那儿我能远远地看见基拉韦厄火山。在山的一边有火山喷发，红色发烫的岩浆像喷泉一样，朝天上喷射达几百米高。真是绝妙的奇景。
The day after this eruption I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it. Two other scientists and I were driven up the mountain and dropped as close as possible to the crater that had been formed during the eruption. Having earlier collected special clothes from the observatory, we put them on before we went any closer. All three of us looked like spacemen. We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets， big boots and special gloves. It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made ourway to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre. The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience， I stayed at the top and watched them.Today, I am just as enthusiastic about my job as the day I first started. Having studied volcanoes now for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as theirpotential to cause great damage. spaceman/'speIsm n/n.宇航员；航天专家suit/sju t/n.一套外衣；套装 vt.适合；使适宜helmet/'helmIt/n.头盔boot/bu t/n.靴子make one's way前往(后接介词to, through, towards等)this being my first experience是独立主格结构，在句中作原因状语。独立主格结构形式有多种，此处的形式是“代词＋现在分词”。be enthusiastic about ... 对……充满热情be amazed at 对……感到惊奇potential/p 'ten l/n.潜在性；可能性；潜能
[第4～5段译文], 就在这次火山喷发的第二天，我很有幸作了一次更近距离的观察。我和另外两位科学家被驱车送上山，到最靠近这次火山喷口的地方才下车。早先从观测站 出发时 就带了一些特别的安全服，于是我们穿上安全服再走近火山口。我们三个人看上去就像宇航员一样，我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了双大靴子。穿着这些衣服走起路来不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。, 如今，我和当初从事这项工作时一样满怀热情。虽然我现在从事火山研究很多年了，但是我对火山的壮丽景色以及它们那潜在的巨大破坏力仍然感到惊愕不已。
Pre reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．alongside A．next to or along the side of something
2．appoint B．to carefully consider something to see how
useful or valuable it is
3．evaluate C．a line of raised water that moves across the
surface of the sea
4．wave D．the possibility that something will develop in a
certain way, or have a particular effect
5．equipment E．to choose someone for a position or a job
6．potential F．all the special tools, machines, clothes etc. that
you need for a particular activity
1～6 ________________
答案：1～6 AEBCFD
Lead in
Do you know what kind of natural disasters the following pictures belong to Please match the pictures with their names.
1．volcanic eruption________ 2.earthquake________
3．hurricane________ 4.flood________
5．landslide________ 6.thunderstorm________
7．sandstorm________ 8.drought________
答案：1.C 2.A 3.B 4.E 5.G 6.H 7.D 8.F
While reading
Fast reading
Skim the text and complete the following questions.
1．What is the main idea of the passage
A．An eruption occurred in Hawaii.
B．A volcanologist's job is exciting.
C．A volcanologist's exciting job and his first sight of a volcanic eruption.
D．A sight of an eruption is horrible.
答案：C
2．There are five paragraphs in the whole passage, and we can divide it into four parts. Please choose the right answers to fill in the following forms.
An Exciting Job
Parts General idea of each part
Part 1 (Paragraphs 1～2)
Part 2 (Paragraph 3)
Part 3 (Paragraph 4)
Part 4 (Paragraph 5)
A.I am still enthusiastic about my job at the very beginning.
B．My first sight of a volcanic eruption.
C．My job as a volcanologist.
D．How I had a closer look at the crater after the eruption.
答案：Part 1：C Part 2：B Part 3：D Part 4：A
Careful reading
Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.
1．What does the writer mean by using “lucky” in the sentence “... I was lucky enough to have a much closer look at it.” in the last but one paragraph
A．He felt much safer at the top while the other two scientists climbed down into the crater.
B．It was his first sight of an eruption.
C．It was the first time for him to watch the crater.
D．Both B and C.
2．The writer doesn't mind the occasional danger of his job because ________.
A．he travels to unusual places and meets interesting people from all over the world
B．he likes the different ways of working
C．he thinks his job is the most important
D．he is excited about danger and feels alive
3．As a result of the writer's job, ________.
A．other scientists predict the progress of lava from the volcano
B．many people have been warned to move their homes
C．the eruption causes less damage
D．the volcano may be prevented from breaking out
4．What did the writer feel and see in his first sight of an eruption
A．His bed began shaking and he heard a strange sound.
B．His bedroom was as bright as day.
C．Red hot lava was fountaining hundreds of metres into the sky.
D．All of the above.
5．Which of the following descriptions of an eruption is NOT correct
A．It causes great damage near the top of Mount Kilauea.
B．The places where the lava flows are usually seriously damaged.
C．It can be seen from a distance, even in a house garden.
D．The lava can fountain hundreds of meters.
答案：1～5 CDADA
Study reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．However, the most important thing about my job is that I help protect ordinary people from one of the most powerful forces on earth — the volcano.
[句式分析] 这是一个主从复合句，that I help ... the volcano为that引导的表语从句。从句中破折号起解释说明的作用。
[尝试翻译] 然而，最重要的是，通过我的工作能帮助保护普通百姓免遭火山的威胁——这是世界上最大的自然威力之一。
2．The lava that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.
[句式分析] 本句的主句为The lava causes far more damage, that flows slowly like a wave down the mountain为定语从句，because it buries ... 为原因状语从句。
[尝试翻译] 而像波浪一样顺着山坡缓缓流下的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多，这是因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被掩埋在熔岩下面了。
3．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The US government has recently helped people learn more about the dangers of earthquakes by publishing a map. This map shows the chances of an earthquake in each part of the country. The areas of the map where earthquakes are most likely to occur are called earthquake belts. The government is spending a great deal of money and is working hard to help to discover the answers to these two questions：
Can we predict earthquakes
Can we control earthquakes
To answer the first question, scientists are looking very closely at the most active fault (断层) systems in the country, such as the San Andreas fault in California. A fault is a break between two sections of the earth's surface. These breaks between sections are the places where earthquakes occur. Scientists look at the faults for changes which might show that an earthquake was about to occur. But it will probably be many years before we can predict earthquakes correctly. And the control of earthquakes is even farther away.
However, there have been some interesting developments in the field of controlling earthquakes. The most interesting development concerns the Rocky Mountain Arsenal earthquakes. Here water was put into a layer of rocks 4,000 metres below the surface of the ground. Shortly after this injection (注射) of water, there was a small number of earthquakes. Scientists have decided that the water which was injected into the rocks worked like oil on each other.
When the water “oiled” the fault, the fault became slippery and the energy of an earthquake was given out. Scientists are still experimenting at the site of these earthquakes. They have realized that there is a connection between the injection of the water and the earthquake activity. They have suggested that it might be possible to use this knowledge to prevent very big, dangerous earthquakes, that is, scientists could inject some kind of fluid like water into faults and change one big earthquake into a number of small, harmless earthquakes.
语篇解读：为了提高人们对地震的防范意识，美国政府加大了在防震、预测方面的投入，他们甚至在努力采取措施控制地震的发生。
1．Earthquakes belts are ________.
A．maps that show where earthquakes are likely to occur
B．zones with a high probability of earthquakes
C．breaks between two sections of the earth's surface
D．the two layers of earth along a fault
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句可知，地震多发地带被称为earthquake belts。
2．The San Andreas fault is ________.
A．an active fault system
B．a place where earthquakes have been predicted correctly
C．a place where earthquakes have been controlled
D．at the foot of the Rocky Mountain
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，该地区为地震比较活跃的地区。
3．What did scientists learn about earthquakes at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal
A．They occur at about 4,000 metres below ground level.
B．The injection of water into earthquake faults prevents earthquakes from occurring.
C．They are usually caused by the oil in the faults.
D．Harmful earthquakes could be prevented by causing harmless earthquakes.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段尾句可知。
4．What can be said about the experiments at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal
A．They have no practical value in earthquake prevention.
B．They may have practical value in earthquake prevention.
C．They are certain to have practical value in earthquake prevention.
D．Nothing is told about their practical value in earthquake prevention.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据科学家的试验，通过向断裂带注水可以引发小地震，从而使地震的能量得到释放，因此也就降低了大地震爆发的可能。
B
There are over 500 known active volcanoes in the world and thousands of extinct volcanoes. Volcanoes are found on every continent except Australia. There are about 80 active volcanoes under the oceans. Volcanoes are both terrifying and fascinating. In order to understand why volcanic eruptions happen, it is necessary to know some things about how the Earth is made.
The part of the Earth we live on is an 18 mile thick layer of solid rock called the crust. Beneath the crust is a layer called the mantle (地幔), it is hot enough to melt some of the rock, creating magma (岩浆).
When the magma finds cracks in the Earth's crust, it rises up. Gas bubbles (气泡) inside the magma grow bigger and try to escape as the molten rock gets closer to the Earth's surface. When the gas bubbles can't be held back any longer, the volcano erupts. Imagine shaking a soda bottle until the gas inside blows the cap off, and you can understand something of how a volcano erupts. If the magma is runny, and the gas can escape easily, the eruption is gentle. But if the magma is thick, the gas has to build up more pressure to escape. Then the eruption is explosive.
When a volcano erupts, the molten rock that flows from it is called lava. The lava may run for some distance, or it may pile up near the volcano, making the mountain larger.
During an explosive eruption, pieces of rock are thrown from the volcano. Scientists call these pyroclasts (火山碎屑). The smallest pyroclasts are called ash. Ash is often thrown into the atmosphere by the force of the eruption. Larger rocks, about walnut (胡桃) size, are called lapilli, Italian for “little stones”. The largest pyroclasts are called blocks if they are solid, or bombs if they are molten.
Volcanoes have been a major force in the formation of our planet for thousands and thousands of years. Today geologists continually observe active volcanoes for signs of eruption. Using modern instruments, they are usually able to issue a warning before the volcano erupts.
5．The author explains how the volcano erupts by ________.
A．making a comparison B．telling a story
C．using figures D．asking questions
解析：选A 写作手法题。根据第三段“Imagine shaking a soda bottle until the gas inside blows the cap off, and you can understand something of how a volcano erupts.”可知，作者在说明火山怎样喷发时打了一个比方。
6．Whether the eruption is explosive depends on ________.
A．the temperature of the crust
B．whether the magma is thick
C．whether the magma is near the mantle
D．the number of gas bubbles inside the magma
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段末三句“If the magma is runny ... Then the eruption is explosive.”可知，火山喷发是否是爆发性的，取决于岩浆是否黏稠。其中的runny的意思是“松软的，有流动倾向的”。
7．We learn from Paragraph 5 that ________.
A．ash is smaller than pyroclasts
B．bombs are about walnut size
C．blocks are larger than lapilli
D．lapilli exist in the atmosphere
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段“The largest pyroclasts are called blocks ...”可知，block是最大的火山碎屑，故选C项。
8．The passage is most probably taken from ________.
A．NationalGeographic B．EntertainmentWeekly
C．Health D．TVGuide
解析：选A 文章出处题。该文介绍了火山的一些常识，最有可能从关于地理方面的杂志中摘选，故A项为正确答案。
C
Seeing a volcano erupt is a wonderful experience, and you can really feel the heat by climbing to the summit (山顶) of Pacaya for a close up view. There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano from Antigua, giving travelers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful.
Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua, a beautiful city with many colorful houses along its old streets that are turned into art works during its Holy Week Festival. No matter when you come to Antigua, you won't miss the Pacaya tour companies.
But climbing Pacaya is no easy job: it is 2,560 metres high, and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one step forward and two step back movements. As you climb, you hear the dull sounds of eruptions high above. Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit：the McKenney Cone (火山锥). Just as though you are going to walk over to the edge of the cone, the road turns to the left and up to the relative safety of the old, inactive summit.
Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava and the darkening sky. On a good day the view from the summit is extremely exciting. The active mouth boils, sending red lava over its sides, and once in a while shoots hot streams up to 100 metres into the air. There is a strong bad smell in the air even if you take care to be upwind of the cone. As evening turns deeper into the night, the burning lava quietly falls down the side of the volcano. For you, too, it is time to get down.
语篇解读：红色的熔岩从火山口喷薄而出冲向百米高空，与黑色的天幕相映生辉，来自大自然的力量令游客叹为观止，流连忘返。
9．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To attract tourists to Pacaya.
B．To describe the beauty of Pacaya.
C．To introduce guided tours to Pacaya.
D．To explain the power of nature at Pacaya.
解析：选A 写作意图题。B项描述Pacaya之美；C项介绍去Pacaya的旅行；D项解释Pacaya大自然的力量。这三项本文都是点到为止，其最终目的是想吸引游客去Pacaya。
10．Antigua is an island ________.
A．where people can enjoy cultural festival
B．where the daring Pacaya tour starts
C．that gives a close up view of Pacaya
D．that is famous for its tour companies
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“No matter when you come to Antigua, you won't miss the Pacaya tour companies.”可知，这里是冒险之游的起点。
11．Climbing to the McKenney Cone, people will ________.
A．walk directly to the active summit
B．hear the continuous loud noise from above
C．make greater efforts than to other summits
D．see a path lined with remains of earlier eruptions
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第三段第三句“Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit”可知D项正确。
12．Many tours are timed for people to ________.
A．get down the mountain in time when night falls
B．avoid the smell from the upwind direction of the cone
C．enjoy the fantastic eruption against the darkening sky
D．appreciate the scenery of the 2,560 metre high mountain
解析：选C 细节理解题。由最后一段第一句可知，要准时到达火山锥才能欣赏到日落及岩浆喷发到黑色天空中的壮观景色。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Nowadays we are too busy to make art or make creative works. Here are some simple tips to help you solve the problem.
1．Read before you fall asleep
This is a classic subconscious (潜意识的) employing trick, used a lot when you really need to study and remember materials. __1__ Studies show that your brain remembers more and thinks subconsciously about the information you want to process just before going into REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep. __2__
2．Take notes whenever ideas come
Take notes no matter what time of day (or night). Keep a notepad and pen beside your bed, and always carry one in your handbag or pocket. __3__ Sometimes they're not important or playful, but sometimes they can be tiny seeds of gold.
3．Make conversations about your artwork a priority
Think about how much time you spend talking out loud about your artwork. __4__ There's a learning curve (曲线) that comes out of forcing yourself to communicate. Set up a list of artists to contact regarding your work.
4．Don't neglect thinking time
__5__ Many artworks are made after they have been inside your own head for months or even years. Whether you're at work, walking pets, or doing the dishes, using this moment to think hard about your artwork can pay off greatly.
A．You might even dream about what you have read.
B．Try some of these ideas out and see what works for you.
C．When you're not making artwork, make time to simply think.
D．Don't hesitate to take notes in public or anywhere the inspiration strikes.
E．Inspiration has become more important than ever for business leaders or artists.
F．It helps to regularly make every effort to talk about what you've been working on.
G．If you want to think more about your artwork, read about it just before you fall asleep.
语篇解读：如今我们变得越来越忙以至于没有时间进行艺术创作或者进行思维创新。本文提出了几条建议来解决这一问题。
1．选G 本节小标题是：睡前阅读。另外根据承上启下的原则，第1空选G：若要深入思考艺术创作，那么就在睡前进行阅读吧。下一句讲：研究表明，人类大脑在进入快速眼球运动睡眠 (Rapid Eye Movement sleep) 之前，对所要处理的信息消化吸收得最快。第2空选A：你在睡前所读的内容甚至可能出现在梦境中。
2．选A 参见上题解析。
3．选D D项中的“take notes in public”和标题“Take notes whenever ideas come”呼应。
4．选F F项中的“talk about what you've been working on”和前一句中的“talking out loud about your artwork”呼应。
5．选C C项中的“make time to simply think”和标题“Don't neglect thinking time”呼应。(共33张PPT)
An Exciting Job
Parts General idea of each part
Part 1 (Paragraphs 1～2)
Part 2 (Paragraph 3)
Part 3 (Paragraph 4)
Part 4 (Paragraph 5)
Unit 5
The power of nature
Mount kilauea
话题类文导入
开启快乐学习之旅
火山是多种多样的,根据它们
的活动情况可以分为死火山、休眠
火山和活火山三大类。阅读本文
看看基拉韦厄火山属于哪一类呢
m上
B
性
子
k
F
f The other two climbed down into the crater
句子主干
分
to collect some lava for later study,
句第二分
不定式作目的状语
but this being my first experience
独立主格结构
G(Istayed at the top and watched the
句子主千Unit 5 The power of nature Section Ⅲ Grammar—复习动词-ing形式
?语法图解
?探究发现
①Walking in the park, she saw an old friend.
②Having finished the work, he went out to meet his friends.
③Beingill, he was sent to hospital.
④My granny sat in the armchair,reading the newspaper.
⑤Going there by plane, you'll arrive tomorrow morning.
⑥Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake.
⑦Though he had been told many times, he still made the same mistake.
⑧The train was caught in a heavy snow, thus causing the delay.
[我的发现]
(1)①、②句中的现在分词短语在句中作时间状语。
(2)句②和句⑥中的现在分词短语使用完成时，原因是分词短语所表示的动作先于句子的谓语动作发生。
(3)③、④、⑤、⑥、⑧句中的现在分词短语分别在句中作原因状语；伴随情况或方式状语；条件状语；让步状语；结果状语。
(4)比较⑥、⑦句，分词短语与状语从句的最大区别是句中是否有连词。
一、动词 ing形式的时态、语态及意义
动词 形式 意义
以do为例 一般式doing 主动式doing 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生
被动式being done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生
完成式having done 主动式having done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生
被动式having been done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生
The park was full of people,enjoying themselves in the sunshine. (2015·北京高考单选)
公园里到处都是人，他们在阳光下玩得很愉快。
Having worked for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. (2015·天津高考单选)
工作了两天，史蒂夫如期完成了报告。
Having been held back by the traffic jam, she couldn't get there on time.
她被交通阻塞耽搁了，无法准时到达那里。
[即时演练1] 用所给词的适当形式填空
①(2015·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)In the newspaper of our school there is a column called “Foreign Culture”， aiming (aim) to introduce American customs and the life of high school students.
②(2014·安徽高考满分作文)Having_realized (realize) that your time is limited, you'll have to study for your goals without anger or hesitation.
③Having_been_told (tell) the answer several times, he still couldn't answer the question.
二、动词 ing 形式作状语
动词的 ing形式作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
1．时间状语
动词的 ing形式作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when, while, after引出。
①Hearing the result(＝When I heard the result), I couldn't help jumping.
听到这个结果，我不禁跳了起来。
②Having made full preparations(＝After we have made full preparations), we are ready for the examination.
做了充分的准备之后，我们准备参加考试。
2．原因状语
可以与as/since/because等引导的原因状语从句转换。
①Being so excited(＝As he was so excited), he couldn't go to sleep that night.
由于非常激动，那晚他没睡着。
②Having lived in the city many years(＝Since I had lived in the city many years), I knew it well.
因为在这个城市住了多年，所以我对它很了解。
3．条件状语
可以与if/unless等引导的条件状语从句转换。
①Working hard at your lessons(＝If you work hard at your lessons), you will succeed.
如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。
②Not making good use of the time(＝ If you don't make good use of the time), you'll regret.
如果不好好利用时间，你会后悔的。
4．方式或伴随状语
不可以转换成从句，但可以转换成并列句。
①The girls came into the classroom, singing and dancing(＝and they sang and danced)．
女孩子们唱着跳着进了教室。
②He lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time(＝and stared at the sky for a long time)．
他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。
5．结果状语
表示必然的结果，它常常位于句末，可扩展为一个含有并列谓语的简单句，有时也可以转换成非限制性定语从句。
His father died, leaving him a lot of money(＝and left him a lot of money/which left him a lot of money)．
他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
6．让步状语
可以与although/though引导的让步状语从句转换。
①Knowing all this(＝Although they knew all this), they made me pay for the damage.
尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。
②Having made up my mind(＝Though I had made up my mind), I still wanted to play.
尽管我已下定决心，我仍然想玩。
[即时演练2] 句型转换
①When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood.
→Seeingthosepictures,_she remembered her childhood.
②Because I don't know his address, I can't send this book to him.
→Notknowinghisaddress,_I can't send this book to him.
③If you use your head, you'll have a good idea./Use your head and you'll have a good idea.
→Usingyourhead,_you'll have a good idea.
④The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks and added that he had enjoyed his stay here.
→The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, addingthat he had enjoyed his stay here.
⑤A number of new machines were installed in the factory, which resulted in an increase in production.
→A number of new machines were installed in the factory, resultingin an increase in production.
⑥Although I admit what she said, I still think she hasn't tried her best.
→Admittingwhatshesaid,_I still think she hasn't tried her best.
三、动词 ing形式作状语的注意事项
1．逻辑主语
动词 ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语，它们之间是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。
Being ill, he didn't attend the wedding.
因为生病，他没有出席婚礼。(he与being ill 是逻辑上的主谓关系→He was ill.)
2．独立结构
有时现在分词有自己的逻辑主语，这时其逻辑主语相对于句子的主语来说是独立的，因此又叫独立主格结构，构成形式是“名词/代词＋v. ing”。
She being ill, her mother had to look after her at home.
她生病了，母亲不得不在家照顾她。
The meeting being over, we went to play football.
会议一结束，我们就去踢足球了。
3．独立成分作状语
有些动词 ing形式作状语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，表明说话者的态度、观点等，被称为评论性状语。常见的有：
generally speaking 一般说来
strictly speaking 严格说来
judging from/by 根据……来判断
considering .../taking ... into consideration
考虑到
supposing 假设；如果
providing 如果
assuming 假使
Generally speaking, as a foreign language Chinese is more difficult to learn than English.
一般地说，作为一门外语，汉语要比英语难学。
4．连词＋现在分词
由when/while/after/before/once/if/though/unless/as if等引导的状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，如果从句的谓语动词是主动语态，则可以省略从句的主语，而保留原连词，形成“连词＋现在分词”的结构形式。
Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to university.
＝Though they lacked money, his parents managed to send him to university.
尽管他父母缺钱，但是他们还是设法把他送去上大学了。
[即时演练3]
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①My wife had a long talk with Sally, explaining (explain) why she didn't want the children to play together.
②Judging (judge) from what he said, he wasn't satisfied with my work.
③Once losing (lose) this chance, you can't easily find it.
(2)句型转换(每空一词)
①If it is sunny, we'll go for a picnic tomorrow.
→Itbeingsunny,_we'll go for a picnic tomorrow.
②After she had finished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.
→Havingfinished her homework, the little girl began to watch TV.
③Because they had been warned by the teacher, they didn't make such mistakes.
→Havingbeenwarned by the teacher, they didn't make such mistakes.
④When autumn comes, swallows go to the south.
→Autumncoming,_swallows go to the south.
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．She sat there silently, thinking (think) about what to do next.
2．Having_missed (miss) the bus, we had to walk home.
3．Watching (watch) the play, she couldn't keep back her tears.
4．Not_knowing (not know) how to do it, he turned to the engineer for help.
5．It rained for two weeks on end, completely ruining (ruin) our holiday.
6．You can complete the work ahead of time if taking (take) my advice.
7．Having_collected (collect) all the necessary material, she began to write her report.
8．Having_been_appointed (appoint) as chairman, Tony held a family get together to celebrate it.
9．He turned off the light, seeing (see) nothing.
10．The volcano erupted, resulting (result) in the death of many creatures.
Ⅱ.句型转换(每空一词)
1．When you are crossing the road, please be careful.
→When crossingtheroad,_please be careful.
2．Because I don't know his telephone number, I can't ring him up.
→Notknowinghistelephonenumber,_I can't ring him up.
3．Though he knows where I live, he never comes to see me.
→KnowingwhereIlive,_he never comes to see me.
4．Work diligently, and you'll certainly succeed.
→Workingdiligently,_you'll certainly succeed.
5．Because it hadn't been repaired for a long time, the machine gave out a strange noise.
→Nothavingbeenrepaired for a long time, the machine gave out a strange noise.
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．(2013·天津高考满分作文) On the other hand, I will help set up the English corner, providing_us_students_a_platform to practice our oral English.
另一方面，我将帮着建立英语角，提供给我们学生一个练习英语口语的平台。
2．(2013·安徽高考满分作文)Seeing_a_car_running_towards_her,_I reached my hand out and pulled her back.
看到一辆车朝她驶来，我伸出手把她拉了回来。
3．(2013·陕西高考书面表达)Feeling_quite_sorry for that, I begin to think about what to do to help.
我对此感到很遗憾，开始想着做些什么来帮助(他们)。
4．Having_been_ignored_for_a_long_time,_the boy sitting at the back felt bored and went out.
因长时间被忽视，这个男孩坐在后面感到枯燥就出去了。
5．Not_understanding_this_problem,_he asked the teacher about it.
因为不理解这个问题，他问了老师。
6．More highways have been built in China, making_it_much_easier for people to travel from one place to another.
中国又建了很多高速公路，这使人们的出行变得更容易了。
7．One evening Harry phoned me, asking_me_to_come_to_his_flat as soon as possible.
一天晚上哈里给我打电话，要求我尽快去他的公寓。
8．It_being_Sunday,_I didn't need to get up early this morning, so I stayed in bed until 9 am.
因为是周日，我不必早起，所以一直睡到早上九点。(共29张PPT)
动词 形式 意义
以do为例 一般式doing 主动式doing 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与谓语动作同时发生，或基本上同时发生
被动式being done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动作同时发生
完成式having done 主动式having done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动作发生
被动式having been done 与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动作发生
动词-ing形式:时态和语态种类:一般式,
复习的时态和语态完成式;主动式,被动式
动词
Ing
形式|动词-血g形式
状语种类:时间、原因、
作状语
条件、伴随、方式、结果
让步Unit 5 The power of nature Section Ⅴ Writing—旅游景点介绍
一、基本结构
二、增分佳句
1．My hometown is on the railway line.
我的家乡在铁路沿线。
2．In the west suburbs of the city there stands a small village. That is my hometown.
市西郊有一个小村子，那就是我的家乡。
3．Our country is a large one with a long history.
我们的国家是个历史悠久的大国。
4．Great changes have taken place in my village in the past/last 20 years.
在过去的20年里，我们村子发生了翻天覆地的变化。
5．The streets have been widened. Factories, schools, hospitals, cinemas and theatres havebeen set up one after another. Now my hometown has become a rich and beautiful place.
街道已经拓宽。工厂、学校、医院、影院和剧院一个接一个地拔地而起。如今，我的家乡变得富裕、美丽。
6．Located in the east of Fujian Province, Xiamen is a coastal city with a long history.
厦门位于福建省东部，是一个具有悠久历史的沿海城市。
7．It covers a total area of5,271 square kilometres with a population of about 3.5 million.
它总占地面积是5 271平方千米，人口约为350万。
8．There are many famous places of interest in Shanwei, among which are the Fengshan Temple and Red Bay.
汕尾市有很多著名的旅游胜地，如凤山祖庙、红海湾等。
[题目要求]
根据以下提示写一篇关于伦敦的旅游景点介绍。
一座艺术气息和历史氛围浓郁的都城，一个重要的政治中心，一处巨大的金融市场
金融广场Square Mile 最古老的地方；常住人不是很多；每天却有30万人在此工作
伦敦西区West End 繁忙的购物和娱乐区
伦敦东区East End 伦敦港(the Port of London)；移民最先到达的地方；在此成功举办2012年奥运会；当地人希望这个区的住房、教育和工作机会能够得到改善
是一个“乡村集散地”(a collection of villages)，每个地方都有自己的特色和自己的社区，因此要全面描述伦敦是很困难的。
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为说明文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第三人称；
3．确定时态：主要使用一般现在时。
二、构思
第一部分，整体介绍。
第二部分，分区介绍。
第三部分，总结全文。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．full_of 充满
2．a_political_center 政治中心
3．a_huge_financial_market_place 一个巨大的金融市场
4．the_oldest_part_of_London 伦敦最古老的地方
5．a_busy_shopping_and_entertainment_district
繁忙的购物和娱乐区
6．hold_sth._successfully 成功举办……
7．improve改善
8．It_is_difficult_to_do_sth. 做……很困难
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
1．一句多译
①伦敦是一座艺术气息和历史氛围浓郁的都城，一个重要的政治中心，一处巨大的金融市场。
London_is_a_capital_city_full_of_art_and_history,_an important political centre and a huge financial market place.
→London, a_capital_city_full_of_art_and_history,_is an important political centre as_well_as a huge financial market place.
②伦敦是一个“乡村集散地”，每个地方都有自己的特色和自己的社区，因此要全面描述伦敦是很困难的。
It is difficult to describe London in every aspect, for_the_city_is_made_up_of_a
_collection_of_villages,_each of which has its own character and community.
→As_a_city_made_up_of_a_collection_of_villages,_it is difficult to describe London in every aspect, for_each_of_the_village_has_its_own_character_and_community.
2．基本句式
①金融广场是伦敦最古老的地方。
The_Square_Mile_is_the_oldest_part_of_London.
②并不是太多的人居住在那里。
There_are_not_many_people_living_there.
③每天30万人在此工作。
300,000_people_work_there_every_day.
④伦敦西区是繁忙的购物和娱乐区。
West_End_is_the_busy_shopping_and_entertainment_district.
⑤伦敦东区包含伦敦港。
East_End_contains_the_Port_of_London.
⑥那是移民最先到达的地方。
It_is_the_place_where_many_immigrants_first_arrived.
⑦在伦敦成功举办2012年奥运会。
The_Olympics_were_successfully_held_in_2012_in_London.
⑧当地人希望这个区的住房、教育和工作机会能够得到改善。
The_local_people_hope_that_housing,_education_and_employment_for_many_people_in_this_area_will_improve.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用定语从句及with的复合结构连接基本句式中的①②③
The_Square_Mile_is_the_oldest_part_of_London，where_there_are_not_many_people
_living_there_with_300,000_people_working_there_every_day.
2．用while及which引导的定语从句连接基本句式中的④⑤⑥
West_End_is_the_busy_shopping_and_entertainment_district_while_East_End_contains_the_Port_of_London,_which_is_the_place_where_many_immigrants_first_arrived.
3．用whose引导定语从句连接基本句式中的⑦⑧
The_Olympics_were_successfully_held_in_2012_in_London,_whose_people_hope_that_housing,_education_and_employment_for_many_people_in_this_area_will_improve.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
London,_a_capital_city_full_of_art_and_history,_is_an_important_political_centre_as_well_as_a_huge_financial_market_place.
The Square Mile is the oldest part of London, where there are not many people living there with 300,000 people working there every day. West End is the busy shopping and entertainment district while East End contains the Port of London, which is the place where many immigrants first arrived. The Olympics were successfully held in 2012 in London, whose people hope that housing, education and employment for many people in this area will improve.
As_a_city_made_up_of_a_collection_of_villages,_it_is_difficult_to_describe_London_in_every_aspect,_for_each_of_the_village_has_its_own_character_and_community.(共15张PPT)
一座艺术气息和历史氛围浓郁的都城，一个重要的政治中心，一处巨大的金融市场
金融广场Square Mile 最古老的地方；常住人不是很多；每天却有30万人在此工作
伦敦西区West End 繁忙的购物和娱乐区
伦敦东区
East End 伦敦港(the Port of London)；移民最先到达的地方；在此成功举办2012年奥运会；当地人希望这个区的住房、教育和工作机会能够得到改善
是一个“乡村集散地”(a collection of villages)，每个地方都有自己的特色和自己的社区，因此要全面描述伦敦是很困难的。
景点介绍
体介绍
面积与人口
地理位置
气候与资源
旅游
呼吁到此一游单元加餐练（一） 完形阅读组合练
加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
From the first week of high school, my best friend, Trisha, was always going out with the popular girls. __1__ I thought, “It's okay; she's just making new friends.” But soon I realized that Trisha wasn't interested in me anymore. I'd __2__ my best friend. It really hurt.
One day, I told Trisha that we should __3__ pretending (假装) to be friends when we really weren't anymore. I wasn't trying to make her mad, __4__ she was. After that, Trisha started talking about me behind my back, telling people that I was __5__. Some of our friends __6__ with her. I felt like she was taking them away from me.
The more I thought about it, the __7__ I got. Finally, I __8__ a picture of Trisha and drew lines on her face. I wrote, “I __9__ this person” across the bottom. And then I did something I'll always __10__： I put it on a website I thought was __11__. I thought people would see it, and it felt good to vent (发泄)．
A week later, Trisha's mom saw the __12__. She called my mom, who made me take it off the website right away. However, it was already too __13__. Lots of people had seen it, and I was in a lot of __14__.
That whole day, I felt __15__. I had to say sorry to Trisha face to face. She said she accepted my apology (道歉), but I felt she was __16__ angry with me.
Posting that picture was one of the worst __17__ I've ever made. I realize now I could have found a much better way to deal with my __18__. If I'd just told Trisha how much I __19__ her, maybe things would have turned out __20__. It's too late for me to change things, but I hope you'll learn from my mistake.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者最好的朋友上了高中后不断结交新朋友并开始冷落作者，作者因此感到不满，做了一件让她懊悔终生的事情。
1．A.At least B．At first
C．In general D．In public
解析：选B 根据下文中的“But soon I realized that”可知，作者“一开始(At first)”觉得Trisha是在结交新朋友，可以接受。
2．A.lost B．met
C．found D．made
解析：选A 根据上一句中的“Trisha wasn't interested in me anymore”可知，作者的好朋友不再对她感兴趣，因此作者“失去了(lost)”这个好朋友。
3．A.enjoy B．suggest
C．stop D．continue
解析：选C 作者告诉Trisha，既然她们已经不再是朋友，因此也应该“不再继续(stop)”假装是朋友。
4．A.because B．so
C．but D．and
解析：选C 根据该段接下来描述的事实可知，尽管作者不是有意要激怒Trisha，“但是(but)”Trisha却很生气。
5．A.busy B．sad
C．careless D．bad
解析：选D 根据该空前的“Trisha started talking about me behind my back”可知，Trisha开始在作者背后说三道四，告诉其他人作者“不好(bad)”。
6．A.sided B．talked
C．remained D．studied
解析：选A 根据下一句中的“she was taking them away from me”可知，作者和Trisha共同的朋友开始“支持(sided)”Trisha。
7．A.less serious B．less proud
C．quieter D．angrier
解析：选D 根据该段接下来叙述作者的所作所为可知，作者越想“越生气(angrier)”。
8．A.gave back B．took up
C．cut D．received
解析：选B 根据该空后的“drew lines on her face”可知，作者“拿起(took up)”Trisha的一张照片。
9．A.need B．fear
C．hate D．prefer
解析：选C 根据上文描述作者和Trisha之间发生的事情可知，作者“恨(hate)”Trisha。
10．A.regret B．control
C．correct D．mention
解析：选A 根据作者在最后一段的悔恨可知，她做了一件让她永远“后悔(regret)”的事情。
11．A.strange B．unknown
C．popular D．private
解析：选C 根据下一句中的“I thought people would see it”可知，作者将照片发到了一个“受欢迎的(popular)”网站。
12．A.book B．picture
C．news D．letter
解析：选B 根据上一段中的“a picture of Trisha”可知，Trisha的妈妈在网上看到那张“照片(picture)”。
13．A.dark B．big
C．old D．late
解析：选D 根据该空后的“Lots of people had seen it”可知，一切已经“为时已晚(late)”。
14．A.trouble B．peace
C．danger D．help
解析：选A 根据该段的介绍可知，Trisha的妈妈看到了网上的照片并且告知了作者的妈妈，而且已经有许多人看到了照片，因此作者深陷“麻烦(trouble)”之中。
15．A.excited B．free
C．terrible D．lucky
解析：选C 意识到了事情的严重性，作者那天感到很“糟糕(terrible)”。
16．A.just B．still
C．once D．soon
解析：选B 根据转折连词but可知，Trisha虽然口头上说接受作者的道歉，然而作者觉得Trisha“仍然(still)”在生她的气。
17．A.excuses B．explanations
C．changes D．decisions
解析：选D 根据接下来作者的悔悟可知，将照片传到网上是作者做过的最坏的“决定(decisions)”。
18．A.lessons B．feelings
C．mistakes D．friends
解析：选B 联系全文可知，作者觉得她本可以以一种更好的方式来处理自己的“情感(feelings)”。
19．A.missed B．trusted
C．praised D．influenced
解析：选A 作者现在意识到如果她直接告诉Trisha她很“想念(missed)”她，那么事情可能就“不是这样的了(differently)”。
20．A.suddenly B．clearly
C．differently D．hopefully
解析：选C 参见上题解析。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Check out our tsunami facts and learn some interesting information related to these great walls of water that can cause so much destruction.Find out what causes tsunamis and read about some recent examples of tsunamis that have occurred aroun the globe.
·The Japanese word for tsunami means harbor wave.
·Tsunamis are sometimes referred to as tidal (受潮汐影响的) waves but this term has fallen out of favour because tsunamis are not related to tides.
·Tsunamis are huge waves of water that are usually caused by earthquakes or volcanic eruptions.
·As a tsunami approaches the shore (海岸), water may move back from the coast.If it is shallow (浅的) enough the water may be pulled back hundreds of metres.If you are in the area, you can know that a tsunami is on the way when you see this phenomenon.
·Regions in tsunami danger zones often have warning systems in place to give people as much time as possible to move to a safe place.
·When tsunamis hit shallow water (often near the coast) they slow down but increase in height.
·An earthquake in the Indian Ocean off Indonesia in December 2004 caused a tsunami that killed over 200,000 people in 12 countries.
·In March 2011, the Tohoku earthquake off the eastern coast of Japan caused a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people.
·The tsunami waves created by the Tohoku earthquake reached heights of over 40 metres in some areas, wiping out coastal towns and causing a number of nuclear accidents.
1．How many causes of tsunamis are mentioned in the text
A．One. B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第四段可知，海啸通常是由地震或火山爆发引起的。
2．In the Tohoku earthquake over 15,000 people died mainly because of ________.
A．the earthquake itself
B．the lack of warning systems
C．the tsunami caused by the earthquake
D．the nuclear accidents caused by the tsunami
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“...a tsunami that was a major factor in the death of over 15,000 people.”可知，在2011年日本大地震中，海啸是造成超过15,000人死亡的主要原因。故C项正确。
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Over 200,000 people were killed in 12 countries because of the earthquake in Dec.2004.
B．Sometimes tsunamis are said as tidal waves, because they are related to tides.
C．The warning systems in some regions help people move to a safe place.
D．If you see water move to the coast, there will be a tsunami on the way.
解析：选C 细节理解题。从文章第六段可以看出C项正确。由倒数第三段可以看出是由于地震引起的海啸使20多万人丧生，而非地震本身，A项错误。B项与第三段意思相反，故为错误选项。文章第五段提到，海啸来时海水会从海岸向后退，而非向前进，故D项错误。
4．The text is developed mainly by ________.
A．listing some facts
B．giving some examples
C．providing some numbers
D．making some comparisons
解析：选A 写作手法题。本文主要列举了一些关于海啸的基本常识和事实。故A项正确。
加餐练(二) 第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
M：Could you tell me more about your first job
W：I was a marketing adviser (营销顾问)，responsible __1__ ten hotels. They are all hotels of a very high standard.
M：Which markets did you take charge of
W：Europe and Asia.
M：__2__ (see)from your resume, I know that you can speak French. Have you ever __3__ (be) to France
W：Yes, I have. I __4__ (spend) a year in Paris in 2010. I met some important people in the tourist industry, the big tour operators and tourist organizations. As I could speak French __5__ (fluent), I had a very big advantage.
M：Yes, of course. Have you had any contact with France in __6__ (you) present job
W：Yes, I've had a lot. The __7__ (true) is that I have become very popular with France, both for holidays and for business conferences. In fact, the market for all types of luxury holidays for the French has increased a lot recently.
M：Really I'm interested in __8__ (hear) more about that, but first, tell me, have you ever traveled by luxury train The Orient Express, for example.
W：No, I haven't, __9__ I have traveled on a Glacier Express to Switzerland and I traveled across China by train about 8 years ago. I love train travel. That's __10__ I'm interested in this job.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
1．for be responsible for是固定用法，意为“对……负责”，故此处用介词for。
2．Seeing 分析句子结构可知，本句的主语I和see为主动关系，故用seeing。
3．been 本句意为：“你曾经去过法国吗？”根据句意可知，此空应填been。
4．spent 根据本句的时间状语in 2010可知，此处说的是过去的事，故用一般过去时。
5．fluently 修饰动词speak应用fluent的副词形式。
6．your 此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰名词job。
7．truth 此句缺少主语，故用true的名词形式truth。
8．hearing 介词in后接名词或动名词作宾语，故用hearing。
9．but 设空处前后两个句子为转折关系，故用but。
10．why 本句句意：这就是我为什么对这份工作感兴趣。
Ⅱ.短文改错
All of us will need someone else's help to deal with problem in our life. Who will you turn for help Some say they will ask their friends for help, because they are peers (同龄人), but they can understand each other easy.
However, others have different choices when in the trouble. They were willing to tell their teachers and parents the difficulties we are faced with. In their opinion, teachers and parents who are much old than them can give them a hand with their rich experience. As for me, close friends are always those which come to my mind first when I'm puzzling by something that can't be solved by myself.
答案：第一句：problem→problems
第二句：turn后加to
第三句：but→and; easy→easily
第四句：去掉the
第五句：were→are; we→they
第六句：old→older
第七句：which→who; puzzling→puzzled
Ⅲ.书面表达
写一篇100词左右的短文介绍华山。要点如下：
1．华山位于陕西省华阴县，是我国著名的五岳(Five Sacred Mountains)之一。
2．华山有五座山峰(peak)，分别为东峰、西峰、南峰、北峰和中峰。
3．可以步行上山，也可乘索道(ropeway)或缆车(cable car)。
参考范文：
Mount Hua
Mount Hua is located in Huayin, Shaanxi Province. It is famous as one of the Five Sacred Mountains of China. Its five main peaks are the East Peak, the West Peak, the South Peak, the North Peak and the Middle Peak, each of which has an unusual story.
At the foot of the mountain, the waterfalls will first attract your attention. On the way to the top, you'll see a number of strange hills and unique rocks. When you arrive at the top, you can look out over a sea of clouds. You can climb to the top on foot, taking the ropeway, or riding in a cable car, where you can enjoy the beauty of the nature.
Now it is attracting more and more people. Why not pay a visit there Unit 5 The power of nature
A Volcanic Eruption
As the best candidate, I was appointed to collect and evaluateinformation for a database about diversenatural disasters, such as hurricanes, typhoons or thunderstorms. Sometimes I did this by giving out questionnaires to those who went through them. But sometimes I had to go through actualdisasters myself. The Musaki Volcano was one of them.
At that time, I lived in a bungalow alongside the volcano with a novelist who came for the appreciation of its eruption. One day, when I was drawing diagrams on the balcony and he was bathing inside, the volcano erupted unexpectedly. The ash and lava fountainsshooting highly into the sky varied from 50 to 100 meters in height. It was absolutely fantastic! I even noticed a rainbow appear in the fogcaused by a heat wave.
But, glancing around our situation, I foresaw the potential danger and found no guarantee of our safety. The uncomfortable gas almost made us unconscious. Sweats of anxiety began to drop. Managing to stop panicking and trembling, we quickly put on our protective suits, helmets and boots and eventually made our way to a safe place. How lucky we were even though myprecious equipment and documents were all burnt to the ground！
火山爆发
作为最好的候选人，我被委派为一个数据库收集和评估各种自然灾害的信息，例如飓风、台风或雷暴等。有时我通过向经历过这些灾害的人分发调查问卷来收集信息，有时却得亲自经历实际的灾害。Musaki火山就是其中之一。
那时，我和一名来欣赏火山爆发的小说家同住在火山边上的一座平房里。有一天，当我正在阳台上画图表而他在屋里洗澡时，火山突然爆发了。喷射到天空中的火山灰和岩浆喷泉从50米到100米不等。这一情景绝对地奇异，我甚至还注意到一条彩虹出现在热浪造成的雾里。
然而，向四周看了一下我们的处境，我马上预见到了潜在的危险，也发现了我们的安全毫无保障。令人不舒服的气体几乎使我们失去知觉，忧虑的汗水开始流淌下来。我们努力使自己不要惊慌和颤抖，迅速穿上保护套装、头盔和靴子，最后成功前往安全的地方。尽管我珍贵的设备和文件都烧得精光，但是我们真的非常幸运。(共4张PPT)Unit 5 The power of nature课时跟踪练（一）Warming Up & Reading-Pre reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The US government has recently helped people learn more about the dangers of earthquakes by publishing a map. This map shows the chances of an earthquake in each part of the country. The areas of the map where earthquakes are most likely to occur are called earthquake belts. The government is spending a great deal of money and is working hard to help to discover the answers to these two questions：
Can we predict earthquakes
Can we control earthquakes
To answer the first question, scientists are looking very closely at the most active fault (断层) systems in the country, such as the San Andreas fault in California. A fault is a break between two sections of the earth's surface. These breaks between sections are the places where earthquakes occur. Scientists look at the faults for changes which might show that an earthquake was about to occur. But it will probably be many years before we can predict earthquakes correctly. And the control of earthquakes is even farther away.
However, there have been some interesting developments in the field of controlling earthquakes. The most interesting development concerns the Rocky Mountain Arsenal earthquakes. Here water was put into a layer of rocks 4,000 metres below the surface of the ground. Shortly after this injection (注射) of water, there was a small number of earthquakes. Scientists have decided that the water which was injected into the rocks worked like oil on each other.
When the water “oiled” the fault, the fault became slippery and the energy of an earthquake was given out. Scientists are still experimenting at the site of these earthquakes. They have realized that there is a connection between the injection of the water and the earthquake activity. They have suggested that it might be possible to use this knowledge to prevent very big, dangerous earthquakes, that is, scientists could inject some kind of fluid like water into faults and change one big earthquake into a number of small, harmless earthquakes.
语篇解读：为了提高人们对地震的防范意识，美国政府加大了在防震、预测方面的投入，他们甚至在努力采取措施控制地震的发生。
1．Earthquakes belts are ________.
A．maps that show where earthquakes are likely to occur
B．zones with a high probability of earthquakes
C．breaks between two sections of the earth's surface
D．the two layers of earth along a fault
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句可知，地震多发地带被称为earthquake belts。
2．The San Andreas fault is ________.
A．an active fault system
B．a place where earthquakes have been predicted correctly
C．a place where earthquakes have been controlled
D．at the foot of the Rocky Mountain
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，该地区为地震比较活跃的地区。
3．What did scientists learn about earthquakes at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal
A．They occur at about 4,000 metres below ground level.
B．The injection of water into earthquake faults prevents earthquakes from occurring.
C．They are usually caused by the oil in the faults.
D．Harmful earthquakes could be prevented by causing harmless earthquakes.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据最后一段尾句可知。
4．What can be said about the experiments at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal
A．They have no practical value in earthquake prevention.
B．They may have practical value in earthquake prevention.
C．They are certain to have practical value in earthquake prevention.
D．Nothing is told about their practical value in earthquake prevention.
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据科学家的试验，通过向断裂带注水可以引发小地震，从而使地震的能量得到释放，因此也就降低了大地震爆发的可能。
B
There are over 500 known active volcanoes in the world and thousands of extinct volcanoes. Volcanoes are found on every continent except Australia. There are about 80 active volcanoes under the oceans. Volcanoes are both terrifying and fascinating. In order to understand why volcanic eruptions happen, it is necessary to know some things about how the Earth is made.
The part of the Earth we live on is an 18 mile thick layer of solid rock called the crust. Beneath the crust is a layer called the mantle (地幔), it is hot enough to melt some of the rock, creating magma (岩浆).
When the magma finds cracks in the Earth's crust, it rises up. Gas bubbles (气泡) inside the magma grow bigger and try to escape as the molten rock gets closer to the Earth's surface. When the gas bubbles can't be held back any longer, the volcano erupts. Imagine shaking a soda bottle until the gas inside blows the cap off, and you can understand something of how a volcano erupts. If the magma is runny, and the gas can escape easily, the eruption is gentle. But if the magma is thick, the gas has to build up more pressure to escape. Then the eruption is explosive.
When a volcano erupts, the molten rock that flows from it is called lava. The lava may run for some distance, or it may pile up near the volcano, making the mountain larger.
During an explosive eruption, pieces of rock are thrown from the volcano. Scientists call these pyroclasts (火山碎屑). The smallest pyroclasts are called ash. Ash is often thrown into the atmosphere by the force of the eruption. Larger rocks, about walnut (胡桃) size, are called lapilli, Italian for “little stones”. The largest pyroclasts are called blocks if they are solid, or bombs if they are molten.
Volcanoes have been a major force in the formation of our planet for thousands and thousands of years. Today geologists continually observe active volcanoes for signs of eruption. Using modern instruments, they are usually able to issue a warning before the volcano erupts.
5．The author explains how the volcano erupts by ________.
A．making a comparison B．telling a story
C．using figures D．asking questions
解析：选A 写作手法题。根据第三段“Imagine shaking a soda bottle until the gas inside blows the cap off, and you can understand something of how a volcano erupts.”可知，作者在说明火山怎样喷发时打了一个比方。
6．Whether the eruption is explosive depends on ________.
A．the temperature of the crust
B．whether the magma is thick
C．whether the magma is near the mantle
D．the number of gas bubbles inside the magma
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第三段末三句“If the magma is runny ... Then the eruption is explosive.”可知，火山喷发是否是爆发性的，取决于岩浆是否黏稠。其中的runny的意思是“松软的，有流动倾向的”。
7．We learn from Paragraph 5 that ________.
A．ash is smaller than pyroclasts
B．bombs are about walnut size
C．blocks are larger than lapilli
D．lapilli exist in the atmosphere
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第五段“The largest pyroclasts are called blocks ...”可知，block是最大的火山碎屑，故选C项。
8．The passage is most probably taken from ________.
A．National Geographic B．Entertainment Weekly
C．Health D．TV Guide
解析：选A 文章出处题。该文介绍了火山的一些常识，最有可能从关于地理方面的杂志中摘选，故A项为正确答案。
C
Seeing a volcano erupt is a wonderful experience, and you can really feel the heat by climbing to the summit (山顶) of Pacaya for a close up view. There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano from Antigua, giving travelers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful.
Pacaya is an easy drive from Antigua, a beautiful city with many colorful houses along its old streets that are turned into art works during its Holy Week Festival. No matter when you come to Antigua, you won't miss the Pacaya tour companies.
But climbing Pacaya is no easy job: it is 2,560 metres high, and reaching the summit takes two to three hours of seemingly one step forward and two step back movements. As you climb, you hear the dull sounds of eruptions high above. Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit：the McKenney Cone (火山锥). Just as though you are going to walk over to the edge of the cone, the road turns to the left and up to the relative safety of the old, inactive summit.
Many tours are timed so that you arrive at the cone of the volcano in plenty of time for sunset and the full contrast between the erupting red lava and the darkening sky. On a good day the view from the summit is extremely exciting. The active mouth boils, sending red lava over its sides, and once in a while shoots hot streams up to 100 metres into the air. There is a strong bad smell in the air even if you take care to be upwind of the cone. As evening turns deeper into the night, the burning lava quietly falls down the side of the volcano. For you, too, it is time to get down.
语篇解读：红色的熔岩从火山口喷薄而出冲向百米高空，与黑色的天幕相映生辉，来自大自然的力量令游客叹为观止，流连忘返。
9．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To attract tourists to Pacaya.
B．To describe the beauty of Pacaya.
C．To introduce guided tours to Pacaya.
D．To explain the power of nature at Pacaya.
解析：选A 写作意图题。B项描述Pacaya之美；C项介绍去Pacaya的旅行；D项解释Pacaya大自然的力量。这三项本文都是点到为止，其最终目的是想吸引游客去Pacaya。
10．Antigua is an island ________.
A．where people can enjoy cultural festival
B．where the daring Pacaya tour starts
C．that gives a close up view of Pacaya
D．that is famous for its tour companies
解析：选B 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句“No matter when you come to Antigua, you won't miss the Pacaya tour companies.”可知，这里是冒险之游的起点。
11．Climbing to the McKenney Cone, people will ________.
A．walk directly to the active summit
B．hear the continuous loud noise from above
C．make greater efforts than to other summits
D．see a path lined with remains of earlier eruptions
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第三段第三句“Steaming, hot remains from recent eruptions begin to line the path as you near the active summit”可知D项正确。
12．Many tours are timed for people to ________.
A．get down the mountain in time when night falls
B．avoid the smell from the upwind direction of the cone
C．enjoy the fantastic eruption against the darkening sky
D．appreciate the scenery of the 2,560 metre high mountain
解析：选C 细节理解题。由最后一段第一句可知，要准时到达火山锥才能欣赏到日落及岩浆喷发到黑色天空中的壮观景色。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Nowadays we are too busy to make art or make creative works. Here are some simple tips to help you solve the problem.
1．Read before you fall asleep
This is a classic subconscious (潜意识的) employing trick, used a lot when you really need to study and remember materials. __1__ Studies show that your brain remembers more and thinks subconsciously about the information you want to process just before going into REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep. __2__
2．Take notes whenever ideas come
Take notes no matter what time of day (or night). Keep a notepad and pen beside your bed, and always carry one in your handbag or pocket. __3__ Sometimes they're not important or playful, but sometimes they can be tiny seeds of gold.
3．Make conversations about your artwork a priority
Think about how much time you spend talking out loud about your artwork. __4__ There's a learning curve (曲线) that comes out of forcing yourself to communicate. Set up a list of artists to contact regarding your work.
4．Don't neglect thinking time
__5__ Many artworks are made after they have been inside your own head for months or even years. Whether you're at work, walking pets, or doing the dishes, using this moment to think hard about your artwork can pay off greatly.
A．You might even dream about what you have read.
B．Try some of these ideas out and see what works for you.
C．When you're not making artwork, make time to simply think.
D．Don't hesitate to take notes in public or anywhere the inspiration strikes.
E．Inspiration has become more important than ever for business leaders or artists.
F．It helps to regularly make every effort to talk about what you've been working on.
G．If you want to think more about your artwork, read about it just before you fall asleep.
语篇解读：如今我们变得越来越忙以至于没有时间进行艺术创作或者进行思维创新。本文提出了几条建议来解决这一问题。
1．选G 本节小标题是：睡前阅读。另外根据承上启下的原则，第1空选G：若要深入思考艺术创作，那么就在睡前进行阅读吧。下一句讲：研究表明，人类大脑在进入快速眼球运动睡眠 (Rapid Eye Movement sleep) 之前，对所要处理的信息消化吸收得最快。第2空选A：你在睡前所读的内容甚至可能出现在梦境中。
2．选A 参见上题解析。
3．选D D项中的“take notes in public”和标题“Take notes whenever ideas come”呼应。
4．选F F项中的“talk about what you've been working on”和前一句中的“talking out loud about your artwork”呼应。
5．选C C项中的“make time to simply think”和标题“Don't neglect thinking time”呼应。Unit 5 The power of nature课时跟踪练（三）Learning about Language & Using Language
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The whole house trembled (摇晃) when the train went by.
2．The long climb made us sweat (流汗)．
3．He made that mistake unconsciously (未觉察), which made him upset.
4．The fear of all kinds of examinations can be a source of deep anxiety (焦虑) to many students.
5．The thunder panicked (使惊慌) the horse into running away.
6．They are the people from diverse (不同的) cultures.
7．The doctor advised him to bathe (沐浴) in the sun's rays.
8．An appreciation (欣赏) of art will enrich your life.
9．We cannot guarantee (保证) the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.
10．The dog drove the coon (浣熊) up a tree so the hunter could shoot (射击) him.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．She got into panic when she thought her son might be lost.panic前加a
2．The new soldier shot the target, but missed it again.shot后加at
3．We guarantee deliver your goods within a week.guarantee_后加to
4．The poor little girl, trembled and frightened, ran out of the dark room.trembled→trembling
5．They are anxious waiting for a decision.anxious→anxiously
6．The fashion of the youth has been vary these years.vary→various
7．Not only do they bring snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.do→did
8．It is said the power of nature is very strong.said后加that
Ⅲ.选词填空
in appreciation of， have a gift for， a variety of， vary from ... to ...， in panic， glance through， be anxious for， be conscious of， be home to， give birth to
1．Though he is young, he has_a_gift_for learning foreign languages.
2．On hearing the explosion, the crowd in_panic fled in all directions.
3．Please accept this gift in_appreciation_of what you've done for us.
4．I was_anxious_for the children when they didn't come back home from school on time.
5．Opinions on this matter vary_from person to person, so it is hard for us to make the final decision.
6．The Rockies are_home_to bears and mountain lions.
7．All of them arrived late for a_variety_of reasons, for example, traffic jams.
8．We were all delighted that Nancy gave_birth_to a baby boy last night.
9．Though it was too dark, I was_conscious_of someone passing through the room.
10．With an attractive album lying on the desk, he asked if he might glance_through it.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Not_knowing (not know) how to deal with the problem，he turned to his teacher for help.
2．Those people usually sit together outside on a sunny day enjoying (enjoy) the bright winter sunshine.
3．Turn (turn) to the right, and you will find the post office you're looking for.
4．Since it is_raining (rain) heavily, the street is almost empty.
5．Though having_tried (try) our best, we lost the game.
6．Going (go) there by train, you'll have a good journey.
7．Working (work) hard, you'll pass the examination.
8．He sent me an e mail, hoping (hope) to get further information.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．The driver was_about_to_start_the_car_when he found a blind man crossing the street.
司机正要发动车子，这时他发现一位盲人在过马路。
2．Which day suits_you_better,_Monday or Friday
哪一天更适合你，星期一还是星期五？
3．We want to equip_our_children_with some special skills.
我们想让我们的孩子具备些特别的技能。
4．I was_appointed_to_take_charge_of arranging all the activities on that day.
我被指定来负责安排那一天的所有活动。
5．Diana waved_at/to_us and we waved back.
戴安娜向我们挥手，我们也向她挥手。
6．Though it was raining hard, he made_his_way_home.
尽管雨下得很大，他还是前往家中。
7．He sleeps every night, his_windows_open.
他每天晚上开着窗睡觉。(独立主格结构)
8．Usually, however_busy_we_are,_we will try to come home for the celebration.
通常，无论我们多么忙，我们都会尽量回家庆祝(节日)。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
During a small earthquake, you will feel a little shaking. Pictures hanging on the walls might move back and forth. Dishes might rattle (发出响声) inside the kitchen cabinet. A lamp might possibly fall and break.
In a very strong earthquake，you might be thrown upward or down to the ground. Cracks might appear in the ground. Windows might be broken. Buildings and bridges might fall down. People might be injured or even killed.
Strong earthquakes often suddenly break electric wires. That means electric lights and machines will not work. Water pipes sometimes break, so people have no water to drink. Pipes that carry natural gas, and tanks that hold petrol and dangerous chemicals, can break and start fires.
Aftershocks (余震) are mini quakes that come after the main part of an earthquake. They can cause even more damage. Aftershocks are especially dangerous for rescue workers who have gone into ruined buildings to help people who are trapped inside. The buildings can collapse,_trapping the rescue workers along with the people they are trying to help.
Very strong earthquakes can cause tsunamis in the ocean, which may bring great damage. Earthquakes can cause landslides where dirt and rocks slide down the sides of a mountain and damage buildings and hurt people. Earthquakes can also cause avalanches (雪崩) and heavy snow slide down a mountainside. An avalanche can be just as dangerous as a landslide.
1．All the following may be the results of a strong earthquake EXCEPT that ________.
A．strong bridges fall down
B．people have no water to drink
C．some dangerous chemicals flow out
D．dishes in the kitchen shake and make sounds
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段对轻微地震及第二、三段对强震的描述可知，D项(厨房内餐具晃动并发出响声)是在轻微地震中出现的状况。
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．Aftershocks are not as dangerous as the main part of an earthquake.
B．Aftershocks are even more dangerous than big earthquakes to the rescue workers.
C．Aftershocks always cause more serious harm than the main part of an earthquake.
D．Aftershocks are strong earthquakes following the main part of an earthquake.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段对余震的介绍可知，对救援人员而言，余震比强震更危险。
3．The underlined word “collapse” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．fall down B．shake out
C．set up D．break through
解析：选A 词义猜测题。第四段主要介绍了余震的危害，其中之一就是会导致建筑物倒塌。结合画线词后面的“trapping the rescue workers along with the people they are trying to help”可知，画线词意为“坍塌；倒塌”。
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．strong earthquakes can cause tsunamis in the river
B．strong earthquakes are caused by the movements of oceans
C．landslides do less damage than strong earthquakes
D．strong earthquakes can cause other big natural disasters
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中对强震还可能会导致海啸、山体滑坡、雪崩的介绍可推知，强震还可能会导致其他破坏性较大的自然灾害，因此D项正确。
Ⅱ.语法填空
M：Have you heard the saying, “Clothes make the man”？ It might be __1__ (true) than we imagine.
W：Yeah. When a police officer or firefighter wears their uniform, it probably gives __2__ (they) a sense of responsibility.
M：Absolutely. When a judge wears that heavy black robe (长袍), it shows an image of power, but it also serves __3__ a reminder of their position.
W：I know. I feel much more confident when I wear a nice suit.
M：Yeah, I think everyone has recognized the power of clothes, but that's not exactly __4__ I wear a tie to work every day.
W：You wear it because you think it __5__ (make) you smarter.
M：Yes. I think wearing a shirt and tie __6__ (actual) affects the way my brain works.
W：It's kind of like an actor __7__ (try) to play a role. You have to have the right costume!
M：I think that's a good way of expressing it. I'm sure it's much harder for actors and actresses __8__ (get) into the character __9__ they put on the right costume.
W：Yeah, but after the clothes, they look in the mirror and their __10__ (brain) are able to shift into the role.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
1．truer 根据空后than we imagine可知，此处应用形容词比较级。
2．them 此空所填单词应作give的宾语，故应填they的宾格。
3．as 与前面的serve搭配使用，意为“作为”。
4．why 本句意为：那根本不是我为什么每天都戴领带去上班的原因。
5．makes 根据空前的it及本句时态可知，此处应填makes。
6．actually 修饰动词affects应用副词形式。
7．trying an actor与try是逻辑上的主动关系，故此处应用现在分词。
8．to get 分析句子结构可知，此句中it是形式主语，而后面的不定式to get into the character是真正的主语。
9．before 分析句子可知，此处要表达“在他们穿上正确的服装之前”的意思。
10．brains 根据空后的谓语动词are来判断，此处应用名词的复数形式。Unit 5 The power of nature课时跟踪练（二）Warming Up & Reading-Language Points
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Enough lava out of the volcano that had erupted (爆发) buried the entire village.
2．The performance of each student is evaluated (评估) by their teachers.
3．She gave me a diagram (图表) of railway network.
4．The violent eruption of volcano (火山) sometimes makes many people lose their lives.
5．They walked alongside (沿着……的边) the road, talking happily.
6．We should make better use of the existing equipment (设备)．
7．Since Mr. Ma is on vacation, we must appoint (委派) a new teacher in time.
8．Just as is known to us all, everything is not absolutely (完全地) right.
9．She has acting potential (潜能), but she needs training.
10．Social life is the fountain (源泉) of wisdom of writers.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Equipping with arms，the soldiers determined to fight against the terrorists. Equipping→Equipped
2．He suddenly saw Sue in distance, and then he walked to her happily.in后加the
3．His paper was finished, he handed it in.去掉was或在he前加and
4．When our car started to leave, he waved goodbye for us.for→to
5．Jinan is famous for its many fountain.fountain→fountains
6．Actual, the cost was much higher than we had expected.Actual→Actually
7．—Do you think walking is good to one's health
—Absolute！Absolute→Absolutely
8．The time appoints for the meeting is 2 p．m.appoints→appointed
Ⅲ.选词填空
make an appointment with， wave goodbye to， burn to the ground， share ... with ...， protect ... from ...， be suitable for， make one's way， be enthusiastic about， be amazed at， in the distance
1．Because of a big fire, the house was burnt_to_the_ground.
2．My mother cried when I waved_goodbye_to her.
3．Would this Sunday be_suitable_for you
4．I need to make_an_appointment_with Mike to discuss the matter.
5．He tried his best to protect his child from being hurt.
6．Having admired the beautiful view, she began to make_her_way down the mountain.
7．The sound of the cheering faded away in_the_distance.
8．You will be_amazed_at the progress we have made.
9．He has always been_enthusiastic_about sports.
10．Keep your fears to yourself but share your courage with others.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
I often travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Using 1.scientific (science) equipment and collecting information about volcanoes is my job.2.Although/Though my job is occasionally dangerous, I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. 3.As is known, when lava from the volcano flows, many houses will be covered 4.with lava or burnt to the ground. And my job helps scientists predict 5.where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast, which can help protect ordinary people 6.from one of the most powerful forces on earth. I once experienced the eruption of Mount Kilauea and was lucky to have a close look at the 7.absolutely (absolute) fantastic sight. When it broke out, red lava was fountaining hundreds of meters 8.into the air. All the lava 9.passing (pass) slowly down the mountain caused great damage and buried everything in 10.its (it) path under the molten rock.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
史密斯先生被任命(appoint)为校长仅两年，我校就发生了巨大变化。学校引进了许多先进的教学设备(equipment)。这些设备有利于发掘学生的潜能(potential)。虽然对他的工作作出评价(evaluate)为时尚早，但他绝对(absolutely)是一个好领导。我们相信，在他的领导下，我校会走向(make one's way)一个光明的未来。
It's_only_two_years_since_Mr._Smith_was_appointed_as_headmaster_of_our_school,_but_great_changes_have_taken_place._Our_school_brought_in_a_lot_of_advanced_teaching_equipment,_which_helps_to_dig_out_students'_potential._Although_it's_too_early_to_evaluate_his_work,_he_is_absolutely_a_good_leader._We_believe_that_under_his_leadership,_our_school_will_make_its_way_to_a_bright_future.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
The year is 2094. It has been announced that comet (彗星) is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably __1__ the southern half of the Earth.
On 17 July, a __2__ which is four kilometers wide enters the Earth's __3__ with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the __4__ part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of __5__. The sea __6__ and a huge hole is made in the sea bed. Huge waves are created and spread out from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are __7__.
Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet __8__ in Argentina. Earthquakes and Volcanoes are __9__ off in the Andes Mountains. The shock __10__ move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely __11__ by earthquakes. Millions of people in the __12__ half of the earth are already dead, and the __13__ won't be safe for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is __14__ by clouds of dust, and temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. The sun won't be seen again for many years. Wars __15__ as countries fight for __16__. A year later, no more than 10 million people remain __17__.
Could it really __18__？ In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. Science shows that dinosaurs (恐龙) __19__ on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of heavenly object. The dinosaurs couldn't live through the cold __20__ that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end
1．A.attack B．hit
C．beat D．damage
解析：选B 彗星应该是“击中”地球，故应该是hit“击中；袭击”。beat意为反复的“打击”；attack“攻击”；damage“毁坏”。
2．A.piece B．comet
C．part D．half
解析：选A 指两块中的一块进入大气层。a piece与上一段中的two pieces相照应。
3．A.air B．environment
C．situation D．atmosphere
解析：选D 彗星碎块进入大气层。所以应用atmosphere。air“空气”；environment“环境”；situation“情况”。
4．A.rest B．other
C．remaining D．half
解析：选C 该彗星石的一部分已经毁灭，剩下的部分和地球相撞。rest不能作定语。只能用the rest of sth.。
5．A.sound B．voice
C．earth D．air
解析：选A 以两百倍于声速的速度才符合科学常识。
6．A.burns B．destroys
C．harms D．boils
解析：选D 大海沸腾起来，而不是燃烧起来。harm和destroy不合题意。
7．A.dead B．lost
C．died D．damaged
解析：选C 好几百万人丢失了生命。dead表示死亡状态；sb. be lost表示迷路。
8．A.enters B．comes
C．flies D．lands
解析：选D 另一块彗星降落在阿根廷境内。land“着陆”。
9．A.sent B．set
C．caused D．made
解析：选B 句意：火山和地震被引发。set sth. off“引发某物强烈发生”。
10．A.rocks B．waves
C．earth D．shakes
解析：选B shock waves“冲击波”，符合题意，而且在本段的第一句中已出现。
11．A.damaged B．changed
C．ruined D．injured
解析：选C 由文意可知，这些城市完全被毁灭。ruin“毁灭”。
12．A.southern B．northern
C．western D．eastern
解析：选A 由第一段最后一句可知，这两块彗星会击中南半球。
13．A.north B．south
C．west D．east
解析：选A 前后两句应该为并列关系。上句是南半球的情况，则下句“北半球”符合句意。
14．A.colored B．hidden
C．polluted D．shut
解析：选B 句意：太阳被云层所遮盖。根据下文“太阳再也看不到了”，可知答案选B。
15．A.come out B．turn out
C．take place D．break out
解析：选D 战争爆发应该用break out。 come out“出来”；turn out“结果是”；take place“发生”。
16．A.water B．money
C．food D．the earth
解析：选C 由前文中“Crops are ruined.”，可知，国与国之间会为争夺粮食而战。
17．A.on the moon B．on the comet
C．in the ocean D．on the earth
解析：选D 句意：一年后地球上仅仅存留着一千万人。
18．A.be true B．happen
C．hit the earth D．destroy the earth
解析：选B 此句意为“这种事情真的会发生吗？”而非“这种事情可能是事实吗？”；因为it指这种事情，而不是该彗星，所以C、D两项都不对。
19．A.have been B．had been
C．were D．would be
解析：选C 句意：恐龙曾经在地球上生活过1.6亿多年。并没有延续到现在，所以不能用现在完成时态；另外，shows是现在时态，所以答案也不能用过去完成时态。
20．A.day B．climate
C．earth D．weather
解析：选B 句意：恐龙不能度过这样寒冷的气候。climate“气候”；weather常指短期的天气变化，故选B。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Recently our class held a discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of advertisements.
Our daily life need advertisements because they can offer information to products, services, jobs and so on. With advertisements, customers can save a lot of time and money. Advertisements also help factory or service providers find their markets. In the word, advertisements have a good many of advantages.
However, advertisements sometimes are a waste of time, especial when we don't need them, for example, when watch TV programs. Sometimes advertisements are misleading and cheated. Furthermore, huge advertising expenses shared by consumers, that seems to be unfair.
答案：第二句：need→needs; to→on/about
第四句：factory→factories
第五句：the→a; 去掉of
第六句：especial→especially; watch→watching
第七句：cheated→cheating
第八句：shared前加are; that→which(共48张PPT)
第一步先疏通课文[点点释疑→小题精做]
第二步再学习新知[识记清单→重点详析→课时检测Unit 5 The power of nature Section Ⅱ Warming amp；Reading Language Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇1.diagramn． 图解；图表；示意图2.volcanon. 火山3.ashn. 灰；灰末4.hurricanen. 飓风；风暴5.questionnairen. 问卷；调查表6.alongsideadv. 在旁边；沿着边 prep. 在……旁边；沿着……的边7.databasen. 数据库；资料库8.waven. 波浪；波涛 vi. 波动；起伏；挥手9.fountainvi.&vt. 泉水般地喷出或涌出 n. 喷泉；源泉10.potentialn. 潜在性；可能性；潜能 adj. 可能的；潜在的Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.eruptvi.(指火山)爆发；突然发生→eruptionn．火山爆发；(战争等)爆发2.equipmentn．设备；装备→equip vt.装备3.appointvt.任命；委派→appointment n．任命4.evaluatevt.评估；评价；估计→evaluation n．估价5.absoluteadj.绝对的；完全的→absolutelyadv.绝对地；完全地6.suitn．一套外衣；套装 vi.适合；使适宜→suitable adj.适宜的7.actualadj.实在的；实际的→actually adv.实际上；事实上；真实地 1.volcano n．火山[词块] ①an active volcano活火山②a silent volcano 休眠火山③a dead volcano 死火山2.database n．数据库；资料库[派生] data n．资料；数据[联想] data processing 数据处理3.potential n．潜在性；可能性；潜能adj.可能的；潜在的[词块] potential danger 潜在的危险4.后缀 ment常见名词荟萃①equipment 装备②argument 争论③development 发展④movement 移动；活动⑤employment 雇用⑥statement 陈述⑦judgement 断定；判定⑧requirement 要求5.actually adv.实际上；事实上[同义] in fact/reality; as a matter of fact6.后缀 able常见形容词集锦①suitable 合适的②valuable 宝贵的③acceptable 可接受的④enjoyable 令人愉快的⑤remarkable 非凡的⑥admirable 令人钦佩的
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语 多积常用词块
1.burn_to_the_ground 全部焚毁2．make_one's_way 前往；到(某地)3．be_suitable_for 适合；适于4．make_up 组成；构成；编造5．get_close_to 靠近6．do_research 做研究 1.from all over the world 来自世界各地2．feel alive 感到有活力3．the most powerful force on earth 世界上最大的自然威力4．collect information 收集信息5．save many lives 拯救许多人的生命6．as bright as day 亮如白昼
三、这样记句式
先背熟 再悟通 后仿用
1.Yet, however weak we are, we are not completely powerless. 然而，不论我们多么脆弱，我们并不是完全没有力量。 however引导让步状语，意为“无论多么……”，可用no matter how替换。 However_far_away_we_are,_we feel close to each other. (2014·重庆高考写作)无论我们距离有多远，我们都感觉近在咫尺。
2.I was aboutto go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day. 我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。 “be about to do ...when ...”中，when为并列连词，意为“正在这时/那时”。 I was_about_to_go to your home to help you with your English when my uncle came. 我正要去你家帮助你学英语，这时我叔叔来了。
3. ... but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them. ……我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。 独立主格结构在句中作原因状语。 Her_glasses_broken,_she couldn't see the words on the blackboard.由于她的眼镜破了，她无法看清黑板上的字。
1．(教材P34)．.. sometimes using scientific equipmentand sometimes meeting local people and tourists, I am never bored.
……有时(工作中)要用科学仪器，有时要会见当地百姓和旅游人士，我从来不感到(工作)无聊。
?equipment n. [U]设备；装备
①A good sleeping bag is an essential part of every camper'sequipment.
一个完好的睡袋是每个露宿者必不可少的装备。
②The equipment of the photographic studio was (be) expensive at that time.
在那时，这个摄影室的装备花费巨大。
[名师点津] equipment通常用作不可数名词；“一件设备”应表达为“a piece of equipment”。
(1)equip v． 配备；装备
equip ... with ...＝be equipped with
用……装备……
equip sb. for ... 使某人为……而有准备/有能力
equip sb. to do sth. 让某人具备做某事的能力
(2)be well/badly equipped 设备精良的/较差的
③The boys equipped themselves with food and water and then set off.
男孩们备好食物和水就出发了。
④We must equip young teachers to_deal (deal) with difficult children.
我们必须让年轻教师具备处理有问题学生的能力。
2．(教材P34)I was appointedas a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago.
20年前，作为一名火山学家，我被派到夏威夷火山观测站(HVO)工作。
?appoint vt. 任命；委派；约定；指定(时间、地点等)
(1)appoint sb. as/to be ... 任命某人为……
appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事
(2)appointment n. 任命；约会
make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会
have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会
keep/break an appointment 守/违约
①We appointed him to be president of the club.
我们任命他为俱乐部主任。
②We are considering appointing him to_act (act) as secretary.
我们在考虑指定他当秘书。
③I left early because I had an appointment (appoint) later that day.
因为那天晚些时候我有个约会，就早点离开了。
3．(教材P34)Unfortunately, we cannot move their homes out of the way, and many houses have been covered with lava or burned to the ground.
遗憾的是，我们不可能把他们的家搬离岩浆流经之路，因此，许多房屋被熔岩淹没，或者焚烧殆尽。
?burn ... to the ground (楼房等)被(全部)烧毁；全部焚毁
①Those bad men were trying to burn the buildingto the ground.
那些坏人正试图把大楼烧成平地。
②The tower, which was completed only a month ago, was_burned_to_the_ground last night.
仅一个月前刚完工的那座塔昨天晚上被烧毁了。
4．(教材P34)The lava that flows slowly like a wavedown the mountain causes far more damage because it buries everything in its path under the molten rock.
而像波浪一样顺着山坡缓缓流下的火山熔岩所造成的损失却大得多，这是因为火山岩浆所流经的地方，一切东西都被掩埋在熔岩下面了。
?wave n．波浪；波涛；挥手 vi.& vt.飘扬；挥舞；挥手
形象记忆
wave goodbye to sb. 向某人挥手告别 向某人挥手
①She declined the offer with a wave of her hand.
她摆摆手谢绝了这一提议。
②He waved goodbye to his friend.
他向朋友挥手告别。
③He waved to/at us as the bus drove off.
→He gave_us_a_wave as the bus drove off.
公共汽车开走时，他向我们挥了挥手。
5．(教材P34)We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.
我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，带上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了双大靴子。
?suit
(1)n.一套外衣；套装
①He dressed in his bestsuit.
他穿上最好的套装。
(2)vi.& vt.适合；使适宜
(1)suit sth. to sth. 使某物适合于另一事物
(2)suitable adj. 适合的；适宜的；相配的
be suitable for sb./sth. 适合于某人/某物
be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事
②He can suit his conversation to whoever he is with.
无论跟谁说话，他都能说到一块儿。
③If you want to go by bus, thatsuits me.
→If you want to go by bus, that is_suitable_for me.
要是你想坐公共汽车，那对我也合适。
[辨析比较] suit, match, fit
suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等
match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配
fit 多指大小、形状的合适，引申为吻合、协调
选择上述单词填空
④It doesn't suit you to have your hair cut short.
⑤The dress fits you well, but its colour doesn't suit you.
⑥The color of the shirt does not match that of the tie.
6．(教材P35)It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our wayto the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.
穿着这些衣服走起路来不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的中央。
?make one's way前往
fight one's way 奋力前进
lose one's way 迷路
feel one's way 摸索前进
push one's way 挤出来
wind one's way 蜿蜒前进
①Even though there was a big flood, the rescue team stillmade their way to the disaster area.
即使发生了大洪水，救援队也仍然艰难地向灾区进发。
②She fought_her_way back to health so quickly after the accident that she was soon back at school.
车祸之后，她很快恢复健康回学校上课了。
③The Great Wall winds_its_way across north China like a huge dragon.
长城像一条巨龙，在中国北方蜿蜒盘旋。
1．Iwas about to go back to sleep whensuddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.
我刚要再睡，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。
(1)该句使用了“be about to do ... when ...”结构。when在此为并列连词，常用于引导一个突然出现的动作，意为“正在这时/那时”，相当于and at this/that time。
①We were about to set off whenit suddenly began to rain.
我们正打算动身，突然下起了雨。
(2)be doing sth. when ... 正在做某事，就在这时(突然)……
②We were_having (have) a meeting when someone broke in.
当时我们正在开会，突然有人闯了进来。
(3)had just done sth. when ... 刚刚做完某事，就在这时(突然)……
③I had just gone to bed when the telephone rang.
我刚刚上床睡觉，突然电话铃响了。
2．The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this being my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them.
另外两人攀下火山口去收集供日后研究用的岩浆，我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上观察他们。
句中this being my first experience为独立主格结构，作原因状语。
(1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致，它独立存在。该结构在句中一般作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
①There being no one else to turn to, I had to come to see you.
我没有其他可以求助的人，只能来找你。
(2)常见的独立主格结构有：
A：名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/不定式
②The guide leading (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest.
向导领着路，我们毫不费劲地走出了森林。
③Such an able man to_help (help) you, you will surely succeed sooner or later.
有这么能干的人来帮你，你迟早会成功的。
B：名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语
④I heard that he got injured in the accident, my heart full of worry.
听说他在这起事故中受了伤，我内心充满了担忧。
C：名词/代词＋名词
⑤Ten students entered for the competition, the youngest a boy of 12.
十个学生报名参加了这次竞赛，年纪最小的是个12岁的男孩。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Our milk powder is especially suitable (suit) for children under 6, as it helps a lot to build the body's natural defence.
2．There being (be) no taxi, we had to walk home.
3．On account of his knowledge of the mountainous country, John was_appointed (appoint) as our guide when we climbed the mountain.
4．He had no place to live in because his house had been burnt to the ground.
5．He is studying hard and making his way to a famous university.
6．A man in the river was shouting and waving (wave) his arms around desperately.
7．—Will Harry be able to begin soon
—Yes. He has all the equipment (equip) he needs now.
8．(2014·福建高考满分作文)I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．He was_about_to_go_out_when his friend called him up.
他刚要出门，这时他的朋友给他打电话。
2．The whole village was_burnt_to_the_ground in that big fire.
整个村庄在那场大火中被全部焚毁。
3．He was_appointed_to_solve_the_problem of environmental pollution.
他被委派去解决环境污染问题。
4．You should equip_your_life_with_a_good_education.
你应该用好的教育来装备你的一生。
5．Having had a good rest, they started_to_make_their_way up the mountain.
休息好了之后，他们开始向山上前进。
6．His_holiday_being_over,_he returned to his home and prepared for work. (独立主格结构)
由于假期结束了，他回到了家并且为工作做好了准备。
7．To students, you'd better choose the activities which_interest_you_and_suit_you.
对学生来说，你最好选择那些你感兴趣并适合你的活动。
8．The highway policeman waved_us_to_stop.
公路巡警挥手让我们停车。
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Enough lava out of the volcano that had erupted (爆发) buried the entire village.
2．The performance of each student is evaluated (评估) by their teachers.
3．She gave me a diagram (图表) of railway network.
4．The violent eruption of volcano (火山) sometimes makes many people lose their lives.
5．They walked alongside (沿着……的边) the road, talking happily.
6．We should make better use of the existing equipment (设备)．
7．Since Mr. Ma is on vacation, we must appoint (委派) a new teacher in time.
8．Just as is known to us all, everything is not absolutely (完全地) right.
9．She has acting potential (潜能), but she needs training.
10．Social life is the fountain (源泉) of wisdom of writers.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Equipping with arms，the soldiers determined to fight against the terrorists. Equipping→Equipped
2．He suddenly saw Sue in distance, and then he walked to her happily.in后加the
3．His paper was finished, he handed it in.去掉was或在he前加and
4．When our car started to leave, he waved goodbye for us.for→to
5．Jinan is famous for its many fountain.fountain→fountains
6．Actual, the cost was much higher than we had expected.Actual→Actually
7．—Do you think walking is good to one's health
—Absolute！Absolute→Absolutely
8．The time appoints for the meeting is 2 p．m.appoints→appointed
Ⅲ.选词填空
make an appointment with， wave goodbye to， burn to the ground， share ... with ...， protect ... from ...， be suitable for， make one's way， be enthusiastic about， be amazed at， in the distance
1．Because of a big fire, the house was burnt_to_the_ground.
2．My mother cried when I waved_goodbye_to her.
3．Would this Sunday be_suitable_for you
4．I need to make_an_appointment_with Mike to discuss the matter.
5．He tried his best to protect his child from being hurt.
6．Having admired the beautiful view, she began to make_her_way down the mountain.
7．The sound of the cheering faded away in_the_distance.
8．You will be_amazed_at the progress we have made.
9．He has always been_enthusiastic_about sports.
10．Keep your fears to yourself but share your courage with others.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
I often travel to unusual places and work alongside people from all over the world. Using 1.scientific (science) equipment and collecting information about volcanoes is my job.2.Although/Though my job is occasionally dangerous, I don't mind because danger excites me and makes me feel alive. 3.As is known, when lava from the volcano flows, many houses will be covered 4.with lava or burnt to the ground. And my job helps scientists predict 5.where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast, which can help protect ordinary people 6.from one of the most powerful forces on earth. I once experienced the eruption of Mount Kilauea and was lucky to have a close look at the 7.absolutely (absolute) fantastic sight. When it broke out, red lava was fountaining hundreds of meters 8.into the air. All the lava 9.passing (pass) slowly down the mountain caused great damage and buried everything in 10.its (it) path under the molten rock.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
史密斯先生被任命(appoint)为校长仅两年，我校就发生了巨大变化。学校引进了许多先进的教学设备(equipment)。这些设备有利于发掘学生的潜能(potential)。虽然对他的工作作出评价(evaluate)为时尚早，但他绝对(absolutely)是一个好领导。我们相信，在他的领导下，我校会走向(make one's way)一个光明的未来。
It's_only_two_years_since_Mr._Smith_was_appointed_as_headmaster_of_our_school,_but_great_changes_have_taken_place._Our_school_brought_in_a_lot_of_advanced_teaching_equipment,_which_helps_to_dig_out_students'_potential._Although_it's_too_early_to_evaluate_his_work,_he_is_absolutely_a_good_leader._We_believe_that_under_his_leadership,_our_school_will_make_its_way_to_a_bright_future.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
The year is 2094. It has been announced that comet (彗星) is heading towards the Earth. Most of it will miss our planet, but two pieces will probably __1__ the southern half of the Earth.
On 17 July, a __2__ which is four kilometers wide enters the Earth's __3__ with a massive explosion. About half of the piece is destroyed, but the __4__ part hits the South Atlantic at 200 times the speed of __5__. The sea __6__ and a huge hole is made in the sea bed. Huge waves are created and spread out from the hole. The wall of water, a kilometer high, rushes towards southern Africa at 800 kilometers an hour. Cities on the African coast are totally destroyed and millions of people are __7__.
Before the waves reach South America, the second piece of the comet __8__ in Argentina. Earthquakes and Volcanoes are __9__ off in the Andes Mountains. The shock __10__ move north into California and all around the Pacific Ocean. The cities of Los Angeles, San Francisco and Tokyo are completely __11__ by earthquakes. Millions of people in the __12__ half of the earth are already dead, and the __13__ won't be safe for long. Because of the explosions, the sun is __14__ by clouds of dust, and temperatures around the world fall to almost zero. Crops are ruined. The sun won't be seen again for many years. Wars __15__ as countries fight for __16__. A year later, no more than 10 million people remain __17__.
Could it really __18__？ In fact, it has already happened more than once in the history of the Earth. Science shows that dinosaurs (恐龙) __19__ on the Earth for over 160 million years. Then 65 million years ago they suddenly disappeared. Many scientists believe that the Earth was hit by a piece of heavenly object. The dinosaurs couldn't live through the cold __20__ that followed and they died out. Will we meet the same end
1．A.attack B．hit
C．beat D．damage
解析：选B 彗星应该是“击中”地球，故应该是hit“击中；袭击”。beat意为反复的“打击”；attack“攻击”；damage“毁坏”。
2．A.piece B．comet
C．part D．half
解析：选A 指两块中的一块进入大气层。a piece与上一段中的two pieces相照应。
3．A.air B．environment
C．situation D．atmosphere
解析：选D 彗星碎块进入大气层。所以应用atmosphere。air“空气”；environment“环境”；situation“情况”。
4．A.rest B．other
C．remaining D．half
解析：选C 该彗星石的一部分已经毁灭，剩下的部分和地球相撞。rest不能作定语。只能用the rest of sth.。
5．A.sound B．voice
C．earth D．air
解析：选A 以两百倍于声速的速度才符合科学常识。
6．A.burns B．destroys
C．harms D．boils
解析：选D 大海沸腾起来，而不是燃烧起来。harm和destroy不合题意。
7．A.dead B．lost
C．died D．damaged
解析：选C 好几百万人丢失了生命。dead表示死亡状态；sb. be lost表示迷路。
8．A.enters B．comes
C．flies D．lands
解析：选D 另一块彗星降落在阿根廷境内。land“着陆”。
9．A.sent B．set
C．caused D．made
解析：选B 句意：火山和地震被引发。set sth. off“引发某物强烈发生”。
10．A.rocks B．waves
C．earth D．shakes
解析：选B shock waves“冲击波”，符合题意，而且在本段的第一句中已出现。
11．A.damaged B．changed
C．ruined D．injured
解析：选C 由文意可知，这些城市完全被毁灭。ruin“毁灭”。
12．A.southern B．northern
C．western D．eastern
解析：选A 由第一段最后一句可知，这两块彗星会击中南半球。
13．A.north B．south
C．west D．east
解析：选A 前后两句应该为并列关系。上句是南半球的情况，则下句“北半球”符合句意。
14．A.colored B．hidden
C．polluted D．shut
解析：选B 句意：太阳被云层所遮盖。根据下文“太阳再也看不到了”，可知答案选B。
15．A.come out B．turn out
C．take place D．break out
解析：选D 战争爆发应该用break out。 come out“出来”；turn out“结果是”；take place“发生”。
16．A.water B．money
C．food D．the earth
解析：选C 由前文中“Crops are ruined.”，可知，国与国之间会为争夺粮食而战。
17．A.on the moon B．on the comet
C．in the ocean D．on the earth
解析：选D 句意：一年后地球上仅仅存留着一千万人。
18．A.be true B．happen
C．hit the earth D．destroy the earth
解析：选B 此句意为“这种事情真的会发生吗？”而非“这种事情可能是事实吗？”；因为it指这种事情，而不是该彗星，所以C、D两项都不对。
19．A.have been B．had been
C．were D．would be
解析：选C 句意：恐龙曾经在地球上生活过1.6亿多年。并没有延续到现在，所以不能用现在完成时态；另外，shows是现在时态，所以答案也不能用过去完成时态。
20．A.day B．climate
C．earth D．weather
解析：选B 句意：恐龙不能度过这样寒冷的气候。climate“气候”；weather常指短期的天气变化，故选B。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Recently our class held a discussion about the advantages and disadvantages of advertisements.
Our daily life need advertisements because they can offer information to products, services, jobs and so on. With advertisements, customers can save a lot of time and money. Advertisements also help factory or service providers find their markets. In the word, advertisements have a good many of advantages.
However, advertisements sometimes are a waste of time, especial when we don't need them, for example, when watch TV programs. Sometimes advertisements are misleading and cheated. Furthermore, huge advertising expenses shared by consumers, that seems to be unfair.
答案：第二句：need→needs; to→on/about
第四句：factory→factories
第五句：the→a; 去掉of
第六句：especial→especially; watch→watching
第七句：cheated→cheating
第八句：shared前加are; that→which(共33张PPT)
suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、场合等
match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配
fit 多指大小、形状的合适，引申为吻合、协调
I
波浪
飘扬
挥手
挥舞Unit 5 The power of nature Section Ⅳ Learning about Language amp；Using Language
[原文呈现][读文清障]
THE LAKE OF HEAVENChangbaishan is in Jilin Province, Northeast China. Much of this beautiful, mountainous area is thick forest. Changbaishan is China's largest nature reserve and it is kept in its natural state for the people of China and visitors from all over the world to enjoy. The land varies in height from700 metres above sea level to① over 2,000 metres and is home to② a great diversity③ of rare plants and animals. Among the rare animals are cranes④， black bears, leopards⑤ and tigers⑥. Many people come to Changbaishan to study its unique plants and animals. Others come to walk in the mountains, to see the spectacular⑦ waterfalls or to bathe⑧ in the hot water pools. However, the attraction⑨ that arouses⑩ the greatest appreciation in the reserve is Tianchi or the Lake of Heaven.Tianchi is a deep lake that has formed in the crater of a dead volcano on top of the mountain. The lake is 2,194 metres above sea level ， and more than 200 metres deep. In winter the surface freezes over . It takes about an hour to climb from the end of the road to the top of the mountain. When you arrive you are rewarded not only with the sight of its clear waters, but also by the view of the other sixteen mountain peaks that surround Tianchi. ①vary from ... to ... 由……到……不等②be home to 是……的家园；是……的发源地③diversity/daI'v sItI/n.多种多样；多样性diverse/daI'v s/adj.多种多样的；不同的④crane/kreIn/n.鹤；吊车；起重机⑤leopard/'lep d/n.豹⑥介词短语among the rare animals提至句首，谓语部分是“连系动词be＋表语”或其他不及物动词，且主语为名词，该句可以用完全倒装语序。⑦spectacular/spek't kj l /adj.引人入胜的；壮观的⑧bathe/beI /vi.洗澡；游泳⑨attraction在此作可数名词，意为“吸引人的事物”。⑩arouse/ 'ra z/vt.激发；唤醒arouse sb. from sleep唤醒某人 appreciation/ pri I'eI n/n.欣赏；感激；感谢 above sea level 海拔高度 freeze over 结冰；冰封 be rewarded with ... 得到……回报/奖赏 peak/pi k/n.山顶；顶峰
天池
[第1～2段译文]
长白山在中国东北部的吉林省，这个美丽的山区大部分是茂密的林区。长白山是中国最大的自然保护区，保持着它的原始状态，以供中国人民和世界各地的游客们欣赏。这里地面的高度从海拔700米到2 000多米不等，是多种多样稀有动植物的生长地。珍稀动物有鹤、黑熊、豹子和老虎。许多人到长白山来研究珍奇的动植物。另外一些人则是到山里来走一走，看看那些蔚为壮观的瀑布，或者在温水池里泡个澡。然而保护区里最值得欣赏的地方则是天池，或者说是天上的湖。
天池是一个深水湖，是由山顶一个死火山的火山口形成的。湖的海拔为2 194米，水的深度超过200米。到冬天湖面就全部结冰了。从路的尽头到山顶大约要爬一个小时。你一到达山顶就会得到回报——你不仅可以看到天池那清澈的湖水，而且可以看到天池四周其他16座山峰的景色。
There are many stories told about Tianchi . The most well known concerns three young women from heaven. They were bathing in Tianchi when a bird flew above them and dropped a small fruit onto the dress of the youngest girl. When she picked up the fruit to smell it, it flew into her mouth. Having swallowed the fruit, the girl became pregnant and later gave birth to a handsome boy. It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion， is the father of the Manchu people.If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, don't forget to make a wish to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself. 过去分词短语told about Tianchi作定语，修饰stories。 concern v．涉及；与……有关 was/were doing ... when ... 表示“正在做……，这时……”。 drop ... onto ... 把……扔在……上 give birth to 生小孩；产仔have a gift for 具有……禀赋/天分persuasion/p 'sweI n/n.信服；说服Manchu/m n't u /n.满族。中国的一个少数民族。It is said that ...意为“据说……”，who had a great gift for ...是who引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰this boy。guarantee/ ɡ r n'ti /vt.保证；担保
[第3～4段译文],天池有着许多传说故事，其中最著名的是关于从天上下凡的三位少女的故事。她们在天池洗澡时，突然有一只鸟飞到她们的上方，把一个小小的水果扔在最年轻的姑娘的衣服上。当她拿起水果来闻的时候，它飞进了她的嘴里。姑娘吞食了这个果子，后来就怀了孕。之后她生下了一个漂亮的男孩。据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。,如果你有幸同你所爱的人去游天池，别忘了许个愿以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。
Choose the best answers according to the text.
1．Changbaishan is China's largest ________.
A．botanical garden
B．man made park
C．nature reserve
D．natural animal reserve
2．Changbaishan is famous for its ________.
A．various height B．rare plants
C．rare animals D．natural state
3．Which animals are NOT seen in the reserve of Changbaishan
A．Cranes. B．Leopards.
C．Lions. D．Tigers.
4．Which of the following statements is NOT right about Tianchi
A．Tianchi is surrounded by sixteen mountain peaks.
B．People go bathing in Tianchi in winter.
C．Tianchi has formed in the crater of a dead volcano.
D．The water in Tianchi is very clear.
5．What is the most popular tourist attraction in the reserve
A．Thick forest.
B．Tianchi.
C．Rare plants and animals.
D．The spectacular waterfalls.
答案：1～5 CDCBB
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇1.candidaten． 候选人；候补者2.preciousadj. 贵重的；珍贵的3.novelistn. 小说家4.documentn. 文件；证件5.tremblevi. 摇晃；摇动；颤抖6.sweatn. 汗 vi. 出汗7.bathevi. 洗澡；游泳8.guaranteevt. 保证；担保Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.uncomfortableadj.不舒服的；不舒适的→comfortable adj.(反义词)舒适的→comfort vt.安慰n.安慰2.unconsciousadj.失去知觉的；未察觉的→conscious adj.有知觉的；清醒的3.shootvt.射中；射伤→shot (过去式/过去分词)→shotn．射击；枪炮声4.anxiousadj.忧虑的；不安的→anxietyn．担心；焦虑；渴望5.panicv．/n.惊慌；恐慌→panicked (过去式/过去分词)6.diverseadj.多种多样的；不同的→diversityn．多种多样；多样性7.appreciationn．感激；欣赏；感谢→appreciate v．感激；欣赏 1.candidate n．候选人；候补者[词块] a presidential candidate 总统候选人2.novelist n．(长篇)小说家[派生] novel n．小说3.document n．文件[词块] draw up a document 草拟文件4.bathe vi.洗澡；游泳[派生] bath n．洗澡；浴盆[词块] take a bath 沐浴；洗澡5.precious adj.宝贵的；珍贵的；贵重的[近义] ①valuable adj.宝贵的；珍贵的②priceless adj.无价的；宝贵的[词块] precious time 宝贵的时间6.un 前缀的高频形容词荟萃①uncomfortable 不舒服的②unconscious 失去知觉的③uncertain 不确定的④uncommon 不常有的⑤unlikely 不可能的⑥unfriendly 不友好的⑦unfortunate 不幸的⑧unfair 不公平的
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语 多积常用词块
1.glance_through 匆匆看一遍；浏览2．be_home_to_... 为……之栖息地；原产地3．be_rewarded_with 得到……回报/奖赏4．vary_from_..._to_... 由……到……不等5．give_birth_to 生产；产生6．have_a_gift_for 有……的天赋7．such_as 例如8．pick_up 拾起；收听；(无意中)学会；顺便接 1.China's largest nature reserve 中国最大的自然保护区2．in its natural state 原始状态3．above sea level 海拔高度4．a great diversity of 多种多样5．unique plants and animals 珍奇的动植物6．freeze over 全部结冰；冰封7．the father of ... ……的祖先8．as deep and lasting as the lake itself 像湖水一样深厚、持久
三、这样记句式
先背熟 再悟通 后仿用
1.I think the boy is likely to achieve success in painting, but he needs training. 我认为那个男孩儿有可能会在绘画方面取得成功，但是他需要训练。 be likely to do sth.意为“有可能做某事”。 There is no doubt that it can enhance people's consciousness of health, but it_is_more_likely_to result in over anxiety. (2015·广东高考满分作文)毫无疑问它能增强人们的健康意识，但更有可能引起过度焦虑。
2.Having heard a scream, I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess lying unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests. 听到一声尖叫后，我冲到楼下，却看到我的女主人躺在地上，不省人事，周围都是她的客人。 “only＋不定式”结构在句中作结果状语，表示出人意料的结果。 I arrived at Shanghai on January 18th, only_to_find that John had got there before. 我于1月18日到达上海，结果却发现约翰已先抵达。
3.When you arrive you are rewardednot onlywith the sight of its clear waters,but also by the view of ... 你一到达山顶就会得到回报——你不仅可以看到天池那清澈的湖水，而且可以看到…… “not only ... but also ...”意为“不仅仅……而且……”。 They are not_only experienced and knowledgeable, but_also patient and understanding. 他们不仅经验丰富、知识渊博，而且耐心又善解人意。
4.It is said that this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion ... 据说这个男孩，他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力…… It is said that ... “据说……”，it为形式主语，that引导的为主语从句。 It_is_said_that the film can be more popular with a large audience. 据说这部电影更受广大观众的欢迎。
1．(教材P38)I was so anxious and couldn't move at first.
我非常不安，一开始都动弹不得。
?anxious adj. 忧虑的；不安的
(1)be anxious for/about 为……担心/担忧
be anxious to do sth. 急于做某事
be anxious that ... (should) do sth.
希望……
(2)anxiety n. 忧虑；担心；渴望
anxiously adv. (＝with anxiety) 焦虑地
①The drought had lasted several months and it made farmers anxious aboutthe harvest.
干旱已持续了好几个月，这使得农民很担心(农作物的)收成。
②I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and I'm anxious to_get (get) help from you.
别人告诉我辅导中心可以给学生提供帮助，我急于想从您那儿得到一些帮助。
③We waited with anxiety for the news of her safe arrival.
→We waited anxiously (anxious) for the news of her safe arrival.
我们焦急地等待她平安到达的消息。
2．(教材P38)I felt very nervous and had to force myself not to panic.
我非常紧张，不得不强迫自己不要惊慌。
?panic
(1)vi.&vt.惊慌
panic over/about/at ... 因……而恐慌
panic sb. into doing sth. 使某人惊慌地做某事
①The crowdpanicked at/over/about the sound of the guns.
人们听到枪声感到恐慌。
②The banks were panicked into selling dollars.
银行惊恐地抛售美元。
(2)n.惊慌；恐慌
get into a panic 使陷入惊慌状态
in panic 惊慌失措地
③She got into a real panic when she thought she'd lost the tickets.
她十分惊慌，以为自己把入场券丢了。
④After hearing the news the crowd ran out in panic.
听到这个消息人们惊慌失措地跑了出去。
[名师点津] panic的过去式及过去分词为panicked，panicked；现在分词是panicking。
3．(教材P39)The land variesin height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.
这里地面的高度从海拔700米到2 000多米不等，是多种多样稀有动植物的生长地。
?vary from ...to ... 由……到……不等
(1)vary from 与……不同；有别于
vary with 随……变化；改变
vary between ... and ... 从……到……转变
(2)various adj. 各种各样的；多姿多彩的
variety n. 种种；多样化
a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的
①That her healthvaries fromgoodtorather weak worries her family a lot.
她的身体有时很好，有时又比较虚弱，这让家人很是担忧。
②As in China, the climate in Canada varies with the area.
正如中国一样，加拿大的气候也因地而异。
③Malaysia, a multiracial and multicultural country, is famous for its varieties (vary) of delicious food.
马来西亚是一个多种族和多文化的国家，因多种多样的美食而闻名。
4．(教材P39)If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, don't forget to make a wish to guaranteeyour love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.
如果你有幸同你所爱的人去游天池，别忘了许个愿以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样深厚、持久。
?guarantee
(1)v.保证；担保
guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事
guarantee to do sth./that ...
保证/担保做某事；确保……
be guaranteed to do sth. 肯定会做某事
①Even if you complete your training, we still can't guarantee you the job which is serious and challenging.
即使你完成了培训，我们仍然不能保证你会得到这份严肃又富有挑战性的工作。
②If you yell at him, he is guaranteed to_do (do) the opposite of what you want.
如果你向他大喊大叫，他肯定会跟你对着干。
(2)n.保证；担保；保修单
give sb. a guarantee (that) ... 向某人保证……
under guarantee 在保修期内
③Can you give me a guarantee that the work will be finished on time
你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗？
④The car is less than a year old, and therefore still under_guarantee.
这辆汽车还不到一年，因此尚在保修期内。
1．Having heard a scream, I rushed downstairsonly to seemy hostess lying unconscious on the floor, surrounded by her guests.
听到一声尖叫后，我冲到楼下，却看到我的女主人躺在地上，不省人事，周围都是她的客人。
(1)本句中only to see是“only＋不定式”结构，该结构常在句中作结果状语，表示出人意料的结果。
①He ran to the stationonly to find the train had left.
他跑到车站，结果却发现火车已经开走了。
②They reached the company out of breath only to_be_told (tell) they were fired.
他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，不料却被告知他们被开除了。
(2)现在分词作结果状语时，表示伴随谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果(同时发生)，有时在前面加上thus，谓语动词与现在分词的动作是因果关系。
③Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize, making (make) the Chinese proud.
屠呦呦获得了诺贝尔奖，这让中国人感到自豪。
2．It is said thatthis boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.
据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。
(1)It is said that ...意为“据说……”，相当于“People say that ...”；it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。
①It is said that she is as effective as God, bringing the dying back to life.
据说她和上帝一样有效，能妙手回春。
(2)该结构还可以转换成“Sb. is said to do ...”结构。不定式根据情况可用一般式、进行式或完成式。
②It is said that the new mayor will come into power next month.
→The new mayor is_said_to_come into power next month.
据说新市长下个月将上任。
③It is said that he has written a new book about workers.
→He is said to_have_written a new book about workers.
据说他写了一本有关工人的新书。
(3)其他类似结构有：
It is thought that ... 大家认为……
It is believed that ... 人们相信……
It is hoped that ... 人们希望……
It is reported that ... 据报道……
It is well known that ... 众所周知……
It is generally considered that ... 大家认为……
It is supposed that ... 据推测……
④It is well known that advertising is often the most effective method of promotion.
众所周知，广告是最有效的促销方法。
⑤It_is_hoped_that the terrible disease will soon be controlled.
人们希望这种可怕的疾病能迅速得到控制。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．We all got into a panic on hearing the explosion.
2．Anxiously (anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.
3．I will guarantee to_prove (prove) every statement I made.
4．He is thought to_have_acted (act) foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job.
5．Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.
6．The girl came running to the cinema only to_be_told (tell) the tickets had been sold out.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．There's no need to get_into_a_panic. The exam is not as difficult as you imagine.
没有必要陷入恐慌中，这次考试没有你们想象的那样难。
2．He was_anxious_to_know what had happened.
他急于知道出了什么事。
3．The computer is still under_guarantee.
这台电脑仍在保修期内。
4．The animal's body temperature varies_with_weather.
动物的体温随天气变化。
5．It_is_thought_that the air in the countryside is fresher than that in the city.
人们认为乡下的空气要比城里更清新。
6．He has immigrated to Australia, thus leaving_his_family_in_Hong_Kong.
他移民澳洲，留下他的家人在香港。
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The whole house trembled (摇晃) when the train went by.
2．The long climb made us sweat (流汗)．
3．He made that mistake unconsciously (未觉察), which made him upset.
4．The fear of all kinds of examinations can be a source of deep anxiety (焦虑) to many students.
5．The thunder panicked (使惊慌) the horse into running away.
6．They are the people from diverse (不同的) cultures.
7．The doctor advised him to bathe (沐浴) in the sun's rays.
8．An appreciation (欣赏) of art will enrich your life.
9．We cannot guarantee (保证) the punctual arrival of trains in foggy weather.
10．The dog drove the coon (浣熊) up a tree so the hunter could shoot (射击) him.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．She got into panic when she thought her son might be lost.panic前加a
2．The new soldier shot the target, but missed it again.shot后加at
3．We guarantee deliver your goods within a week.guarantee_后加to
4．The poor little girl, trembled and frightened, ran out of the dark room.trembled→trembling
5．They are anxious waiting for a decision.anxious→anxiously
6．The fashion of the youth has been vary these years.vary→various
7．Not only do they bring snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.do→did
8．It is said the power of nature is very strong.said后加that
Ⅲ.选词填空
in appreciation of， have a gift for， a variety of， vary from ... to ...， in panic， glance through， be anxious for， be conscious of， be home to， give birth to
1．Though he is young, he has_a_gift_for learning foreign languages.
2．On hearing the explosion, the crowd in_panic fled in all directions.
3．Please accept this gift in_appreciation_of what you've done for us.
4．I was_anxious_for the children when they didn't come back home from school on time.
5．Opinions on this matter vary_from person to person, so it is hard for us to make the final decision.
6．The Rockies are_home_to bears and mountain lions.
7．All of them arrived late for a_variety_of reasons, for example, traffic jams.
8．We were all delighted that Nancy gave_birth_to a baby boy last night.
9．Though it was too dark, I was_conscious_of someone passing through the room.
10．With an attractive album lying on the desk, he asked if he might glance_through it.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．Not_knowing (not know) how to deal with the problem，he turned to his teacher for help.
2．Those people usually sit together outside on a sunny day enjoying (enjoy) the bright winter sunshine.
3．Turn (turn) to the right, and you will find the post office you're looking for.
4．Since it is_raining (rain) heavily, the street is almost empty.
5．Though having_tried (try) our best, we lost the game.
6．Going (go) there by train, you'll have a good journey.
7．Working (work) hard, you'll pass the examination.
8．He sent me an e mail, hoping (hope) to get further information.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．The driver was_about_to_start_the_car_when he found a blind man crossing the street.
司机正要发动车子，这时他发现一位盲人在过马路。
2．Which day suits_you_better,_Monday or Friday
哪一天更适合你，星期一还是星期五？
3．We want to equip_our_children_with some special skills.
我们想让我们的孩子具备些特别的技能。
4．I was_appointed_to_take_charge_of arranging all the activities on that day.
我被指定来负责安排那一天的所有活动。
5．Diana waved_at/to_us and we waved back.
戴安娜向我们挥手，我们也向她挥手。
6．Though it was raining hard, he made_his_way_home.
尽管雨下得很大，他还是前往家中。
7．He sleeps every night, his_windows_open.
他每天晚上开着窗睡觉。(独立主格结构)
8．Usually, however_busy_we_are,_we will try to come home for the celebration.
通常，无论我们多么忙，我们都会尽量回家庆祝(节日)。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
During a small earthquake, you will feel a little shaking. Pictures hanging on the walls might move back and forth. Dishes might rattle (发出响声) inside the kitchen cabinet. A lamp might possibly fall and break.
In a very strong earthquake，you might be thrown upward or down to the ground. Cracks might appear in the ground. Windows might be broken. Buildings and bridges might fall down. People might be injured or even killed.
Strong earthquakes often suddenly break electric wires. That means electric lights and machines will not work. Water pipes sometimes break, so people have no water to drink. Pipes that carry natural gas, and tanks that hold petrol and dangerous chemicals, can break and start fires.
Aftershocks (余震) are mini quakes that come after the main part of an earthquake. They can cause even more damage. Aftershocks are especially dangerous for rescue workers who have gone into ruined buildings to help people who are trapped inside. The buildings can collapse,_trapping the rescue workers along with the people they are trying to help.
Very strong earthquakes can cause tsunamis in the ocean, which may bring great damage. Earthquakes can cause landslides where dirt and rocks slide down the sides of a mountain and damage buildings and hurt people. Earthquakes can also cause avalanches (雪崩) and heavy snow slide down a mountainside. An avalanche can be just as dangerous as a landslide.
1．All the following may be the results of a strong earthquake EXCEPT that ________.
A．strong bridges fall down
B．people have no water to drink
C．some dangerous chemicals flow out
D．dishes in the kitchen shake and make sounds
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第一段对轻微地震及第二、三段对强震的描述可知，D项(厨房内餐具晃动并发出响声)是在轻微地震中出现的状况。
2．What can we learn from the passage
A．Aftershocks are not as dangerous as the main part of an earthquake.
B．Aftershocks are even more dangerous than big earthquakes to the rescue workers.
C．Aftershocks always cause more serious harm than the main part of an earthquake.
D．Aftershocks are strong earthquakes following the main part of an earthquake.
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第四段对余震的介绍可知，对救援人员而言，余震比强震更危险。
3．The underlined word “collapse” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．
A．fall down B．shake out
C．set up D．break through
解析：选A 词义猜测题。第四段主要介绍了余震的危害，其中之一就是会导致建筑物倒塌。结合画线词后面的“trapping the rescue workers along with the people they are trying to help”可知，画线词意为“坍塌；倒塌”。
4．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．strong earthquakes can cause tsunamis in the river
B．strong earthquakes are caused by the movements of oceans
C．landslides do less damage than strong earthquakes
D．strong earthquakes can cause other big natural disasters
解析：选D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中对强震还可能会导致海啸、山体滑坡、雪崩的介绍可推知，强震还可能会导致其他破坏性较大的自然灾害，因此D项正确。
Ⅱ.语法填空
M：Have you heard the saying, “Clothes make the man”？ It might be __1__ (true) than we imagine.
W：Yeah. When a police officer or firefighter wears their uniform, it probably gives __2__ (they) a sense of responsibility.
M：Absolutely. When a judge wears that heavy black robe (长袍), it shows an image of power, but it also serves __3__ a reminder of their position.
W：I know. I feel much more confident when I wear a nice suit.
M：Yeah, I think everyone has recognized the power of clothes, but that's not exactly __4__ I wear a tie to work every day.
W：You wear it because you think it __5__ (make) you smarter.
M：Yes. I think wearing a shirt and tie __6__ (actual) affects the way my brain works.
W：It's kind of like an actor __7__ (try) to play a role. You have to have the right costume!
M：I think that's a good way of expressing it. I'm sure it's much harder for actors and actresses __8__ (get) into the character __9__ they put on the right costume.
W：Yeah, but after the clothes, they look in the mirror and their __10__ (brain) are able to shift into the role.
1．________ 2.________ 3.________ 4.________
5．________ 6.________ 7.________ 8.________
9．________ 10.________
1．truer 根据空后than we imagine可知，此处应用形容词比较级。
2．them 此空所填单词应作give的宾语，故应填they的宾格。
3．as 与前面的serve搭配使用，意为“作为”。
4．why 本句意为：那根本不是我为什么每天都戴领带去上班的原因。
5．makes 根据空前的it及本句时态可知，此处应填makes。
6．actually 修饰动词affects应用副词形式。
7．trying an actor与try是逻辑上的主动关系，故此处应用现在分词。
8．to get 分析句子结构可知，此句中it是形式主语，而后面的不定式to get into the character是真正的主语。
9．before 分析句子可知，此处要表达“在他们穿上正确的服装之前”的意思。
10．brains 根据空后的谓语动词are来判断，此处应用名词的复数形式。
