2017-2018学年高中英语 Unit 4 Wildlife Protection（课件+教学案+试题）（打包16套）新人教版必修2

Unit 4 Wildlife Protection Section Ⅰ Warming amp；Reading Pre-reading
The old Elephant House at the National Zoo in Washington D．C. has been renovated (翻新) to include a lot more space for the giant animals to play, rest and even take a shower. It has been renamed the Elephant Community Center, and it also offers a lot more for human guests.
“It's a great place for elephants to socialize，” said Marie Galloway, who is the elephant manager at the zoo.
The community center is designed to hold as many as 10 elephants. Although the zoo plans to increase the herd (象群), there are now just three elephants: Ambika, Shanthi and Kandula.
Galloway said each animal reacted (作出反应) differently to the new space. Shanthi, 38 years old, walked right in and explored everywhere. Ambika, 65, was very cautious (谨慎的) the first day, not sure if the new space was safe. And Kandula, Shanthi's 11 year old son, had a funny way of dealing with the unknown. “He backed his way in，” Galloway said with a laugh.
“The elephants are already enjoying throwing sand on one another，” said Galloway.
People also have a lot more to do than in the old building, where they had few chances to learn about endangered species from Asia.
There's a display featuring one of Kandula's old toys: a 750 pound tire. Visitors can watch a video of him playing.
There are several other hands on activities, including a machine that compares elephant sounds and human voices. You also can make a promise to save the elephants.
Lastly, “protection” is the message zoo officials hope visitors will take away from the exhibition. “We're hoping people will come to ... and become educated，” Galloway said. “And take action to protect elephants.”
Section_ⅠWarming Up & Reading — Pre reading
HOW DAISY LEARNED TO HELP WILDLIFEDaisy had always longed to help① endangered species② of wildlife. One day she woke up and found a flying carpet③ by her bed.“Where do you want to go？” it asked. Daisy responded④ immediately.“I'd like to see some endangered wildlife，” she said.“Please take me to a distant⑤ land where I can find the animal that gave fur⑥ to make this sweater.” At once the carpet flew away and took her to Tibet. There Daisy saw an antelope looking sad⑦. It said，“We're being killed for the wool beneath⑧ our stomachs. Our fur is being used to make sweaters for people like you. As a result, we are now an endangered species.” At ⑨ that Daisy cried，“I'm sorry I didn't know that. I wonder what is being done to help you. Flying carpet, please show me a place where there's some wildlife protection⑩.” ①long vt.&vi.渴望；极想long to do sth.渴望做某事此句中had longed to do sth.是过去完成时形式，意为“早就渴望做某事”，发生在以下所讲故事之前，所以用过去完成时。②species/'spi i z/n.种类；物种(单复数同形)③carpet/'kɑ pIt/n.地毯④respond/rI'sp nd/vi.回答；响应；做出反应respond to sth.对某事做出反应⑤distant/'dIst nt/adj.远的；远处的⑥fur/fз /n.毛皮；毛；软毛where和that都引导的是定语从句；分别修饰land和animal。⑦saw an antelope ...为“感官动词＋宾语＋宾补”结构。⑧beneath prep.在下面，在底下(相当于under)⑨此处介词at表示“针对……做出反应”。⑩where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a place。
戴茜是如何学会帮助野生动植物的
[第1段译文]
戴茜一直都渴望帮助那些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。一天她醒来，发现床边有一块飞毯。飞毯问：“你想去哪儿？”戴茜立刻回答。“我想去看一些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这件毛衣而提供皮毛的动物。”她说。飞毯立刻起飞了，带她到了西藏。在那里，戴茜看到一只藏羚羊面带忧郁的神色。它说：“为了取得我们肚皮底下的羊毛，我们正在被屠杀。我们的毛皮被用来为像你一样的人们制作毛衣。因此，我们现在濒临灭绝了。”听了这话，戴茜哭了：“我很抱歉，我过去不知道还有这回事儿。我想知道为了帮助你们正在采取什么措施。飞毯啊，请把我带到一个有野生动植物保护的地方去吧。”
The flying carpet travelled so fast that next minute they were in Zimbabwe . Daisy turned around and found that she was being watched by an elephant. “Have you come to take my photo ？” it asked. In relief Daisy burst into laughter . “Don't laugh，” said the elephant, “We used to be an endangered species. Farmers hunted us without mercy . They said we destroyed their farms, and money from tourists only went to the large tour companies. So the government decided to help. They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers. Now the farmers are happy and our numbers are increasing. So good things are being done here to save local wildlife .” so ... that如此……以至于，that引导结果状语从句。 turn around转身；环顾；翻身 take one's photo＝take a photo of sb.给某人拍照 in relief如释重负；松了口气(一般情况下作状语)relief/rI'li f/n.(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物 burst into laughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来burst into＋n.相当于burst out doing。laughter/'lɑ ft /n.笑；笑声 mercy/'mз sI/n.仁慈；宽恕；怜悯without mercy毫无怜悯地；无情地 certain/'sз tn/adj.确定的；某一；一定a certain number of一定(数)量的 So good things are being done ...是现在进行时的被动语态，表示现阶段正在发生的被动动作。
[第2段译文]
飞毯飞行得如此快，以至于一转眼他们就来到了津巴布韦。戴茜转过身去，看到一头大象正望着她。大象问道：“你是来给我拍照的吗？”戴茜如释重负，突然笑了起来。“不要笑了，”大象说道，“我们过去是濒危动物，农民们残忍地捕杀我们。他们说，我们破坏了他们的农田，而旅游者的钱过去都流进了大型旅游公司。于是政府决定出面提供帮助。如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。如今农民高兴了，我们的数量也在增加。为了拯救当地的野生动植物，他们也在做一些好事。”
Daisy smiled, “That's good news. It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests .”The carpet rose again and almost at once they were in a thick rainforest. A monkey watched them as itrubbed itself. “What are you doing？” asked Daisy. “I'm protecting myself frommosquitoes，” it replied. “When I find a millipedeinsect， I rub it over my body. It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes. You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together. No rainforest, no animals, no drugs.”Daisy was amazed. “Flying carpet, please take me home so I can tell WWF and we can begin producing this new drug. Monkey, please come and help.” The monkey agreed. The carpet flew home. As they landed， things began to disappear. Two minutes later everything had gone — the monkey, too. So Daisy was not able to make her new drug. But what an experience！ She had learned so much! And there was always WWF ... importance/Im'p tns/n.重要(性)(be) of great importance非常重要的 WWF (World Wildlife Fund)世界野生生物基金会as the WWF suggests是as引导的方式状语从句。rub/r b/vt.擦；摩擦protect ... from保护……不受……(危害)mosquito/m 'ski t /n.(pl.mosquitoes)蚊子millipede/'mIlIpi d/n.(＝millepede)千足虫insect/'Insekt/n.昆虫contain/k n'teIn/vt.包含；容纳；容忍powerful/'pa fl/adj.强大的；有力的affect/ 'fekt/vt.影响；感动；侵袭(相当于have an effect on)pay attention to注意(to为介词)attention/ 'ten n/n.注意；关注；注意力appreciate/ 'pri IeIt/vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到amazed adj.吃惊的；惊愕的be amazed at对……感到吃惊　amazing adj.令人吃惊的begin doing sth.开始做某事land vi.&vt.(使)着陆；降落what an experience！“多么奇妙的一次经历！”是感叹句，是what an experience it is！的省略表达。
[第3～4段译文]
戴茜笑道：“那可是个好消息。这体现了野生动植物保护的重要性，不过，我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。”飞毯再次升起，几乎一转眼他们就到了茂密的热带雨林。一只猴子一边擦着身体，一边望着他们。戴茜问：“你在做什么呢？”它回答说：“我这样做可以防止蚊子叮咬。当我发现一种千足虫时，便把它擦在身上。它含有一种强效的药物，可以防止蚊子叮咬。你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林中的动物是如何在一起生活的。没有雨林，就没有动物，也就没有药物了。”,戴茜很惊讶。“飞毯，请带我回家去，我可以告诉世界野生生物基金会，我们可以开始生产这种新药。猴子，请跟我回去帮忙吧。”猴子同意了，毯子飞回了家。当他们着地时，一切就开始消失了。两分钟后，什么都没了——猴子也没了。这样，戴茜就不能制造新药了。但是，这是一次多么奇妙的经历呀！她学到了那么多东西！而且，还一直有世界野生生物基金会……
Pre reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．decrease　　　　　　 A．鉴赏；感激；意识到
2．reserve B．安全的；可靠的
3．hunt C．雇佣；利用
4．respond D．减少；变小
5．contain E．包含；容纳；容忍
6．affect F．保护区
7．appreciate G．成功；接替；继任
8．succeed H．回答；响应；做出反应
9．secure I．损害；危害
10．income J．收入
11．employ K．打猎；猎取；搜寻
12．harm L．影响；感动；侵袭
1～6____________　7～12______________
答案：1～6　DFKHEL　　7～12　AGBJCI
Lead in
Do you know the name of these endangered animals Why are these animals dying out Please match the names with these endangered animals.
A．polar bear　　　　　 B．red crowned crane
C．golden monkey D．Tibetan antelope
参考答案：1～4　CBDA　The answer may be: too much hunting; not enough food; environmental pollution; not enough living space; weather change ...
While reading
Fast reading
Skim the text and complete the following questions.
1．What's the main idea of the text
A．It is about some protection of wildlife.
B．It is about a journey of a flying chair.
C．It is about Daisy's wonderful experience with some animals.
D．It is about a flying carpet's story.
答案：C
2．Match the main idea of each part.
Para.1 　　A．What we can get from wildlife protection
Para.2 B．Why we need wildlife protection
Paras.3、4 C．A good example of wildlife protection
Para.1—__B__　　Para.2—__C__　　Paras.3、4—__A__
Careful reading
(Ⅰ)True (T) or False (F)．
1．Daisy saw an antelope looking sad in Tibet.__T__
2．Antelopes were killed for the skin that is taken from under their stomachs.__F__
3．The elephants in Zimbabwe used to be protected well by the farmers in the past.__F__
4．Mosquitoes protect the monkey from a millipede insect.__F__
(Ⅱ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.
1．Antelopes in Tibet become endangered because ________.
A．they are killed by other animals for food
B．the environment is badly polluted
C．people kill them to use their fur
D．their food chain (食物链) is cut off
2．It can be learned from the passage that ________.
A．the government of Zimbabwe did a good job in saving the elephants
B．the rainforest produces drugs that are good for millipede insects
C．the elephants are in danger in Zimbabwe
D．mosquitoes help protect monkeys from millipede insects
3．What do the words “No rainforest, no animals, no drugs” mean
A．Rainforests have disappeared. So have animals and drugs.
B．Rainforests are important for the existence of animals and drugs.
C．Animals should live in peace in the rainforest, or they won't get drugs.
D．Human beings have done much damage to the rainforests.
4．It can be inferred from the text that next Daisy would ________.
A．produce the new drug with WWF
B．work with WWF to help wildlife
C．fly to other places to save the endangered animals
D．call on people to protect the rainforests
答案：1～4　CABB
Study reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal that gave fur to make this sweater.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]　请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我可以找到为制作这件毛衣而提供皮毛的动物。
2．They allowed tourists to hunt only a certain number of animals if they paid the farmers.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]　如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。
3．You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译]　你应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I lay in the hospital bed with my six year old daughter, Elizabeth, holding her in my arms. “Mommy, will you stay with me the whole time？” she asked, looking up. “You know I can't be in the operating room，” I said carefully, not wanting to frighten her. “But Daddy and I will be waiting right outside.” Elizabeth nodded, but her eyes looked troubled.
Elizabeth had broken her right leg in July. Seven months later, it still hadn't healed (康复). In fact, it had gotten worse. She was here in the hospital for surgery (手术)．
I wanted to tell her that everything would be okay and promise that this would be the last time she'd have to go through this. But what if something went wrong again How could I comfort my daughter when I needed comfort myself
There was a knock at the door. A nurse I thought. Time to say goodbye already But the woman who came in wasn't a nurse. “Hi，” the woman said. “I'm a volunteer here, and I've got something for Elizabeth.” She handed a bright blue box to my daughter.
Elizabeth sat up and took the box. She opened it and started pulling out goodies one by one — candies, stickers, a lovely toy in the shape of a star. She hugged the star, perking_up for the first time since she entered the hospital. “Thank you，” she said. “I love them.” There was a big smile on her face. It had been so long since I saw that big smile.
The gift was a great comfort not only to my daughter, but also to me.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者的女儿在进手术室前有些紧张，这时一位陌生人送来一盒礼物，使女儿高兴起来。
1．Why did the author's daughter feel upset
A．She would have surgery on her arm.
B．The author had no time to play with her.
C．She had to stay in the hospital for a long time.
D．The author couldn't stay in the operating room.
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段的“‘You know I can't be in the operating room，’ I said carefully, not wanting to frighten her.”可知，作者不能进入手术室，这使得女儿有些紧张。
2．The author didn't make any promise because ________.
A．there was no time for her to do so
B．she wasn't sure of the result herself
C．she believed everything would be okay
D．she thought there was no need for her to do so
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段的“But what if something went wrong again？”可知，作者没法给女儿许诺，因为她自己也不确定手术结果。
3．Why did the woman come in
A．To offer a gift.
B．To say goodbye.
C．To comfort the author.
D．To get all the things ready.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段的“I'm a volunteer ... to my daughter.”可知，这位妇女进来是为了送礼物。
4．The underlined part “perking up” means “________”．
A．having a rest　　　　 B．thinking carefully
C．doing her best D．becoming cheerful
解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据下文“There was a big smile on her face.”可知，女儿很高兴。所以perk up意为：愉快、活跃起来。
B
Four animals — a wildcat, a mongoose, a mouse and an owl — had made their home in a huge tree.
The mouse and the mongoose lived at the foot of the tree in two different holes. The cat lived in a large hole halfway up the tree and the owl lived in the branches.
The cat feared none of its neighbours and moved about, afraid of nothing. The owl and the mongoose were afraid of the cat and kept a safe distance from it. The mouse was extremely afraid of all three neighbours.
One day the cat was caught in a trap laid by a hunter. Its three neighbours watched with joy as it tried extremely hard to get out of the net in which it had been trapped. They knew it was a hopeless task. Soon the hunter would come and they would never see their enemy forever. The mouse's joy, however, was short lived because even as it watched the cat, it found that the mongoose was moving towards it. Looking up, it saw that the owl too was getting ready to move down. The mouse understood that it was in great danger and that the only one who could save it was its enemy, the cat.
It jumped onto the net in which the cat was caught and began biting at it. Within a short time it had made a hole big enough for the cat to come out. Seeing the cat come out, the owl and the mongoose escaped.
The mouse ran away too. It knew it could not expect any thanks from the cat, but in saving it, it had saved its own life.
语篇解读：野猫吃猫头鹰和猫鼬，三者都吃老鼠。野猫是猫头鹰和猫鼬的敌人，反而成了老鼠的“朋友”，救了老鼠的命。
5．The mouse lived in extreme fear every day because ________.
A．it lived at the foot of the tree
B．hunters set traps everywhere
C．all its three neighbours might eat it at any time
D．its food might be taken away by its neighbours
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句、第四段中猫鼬和猫头鹰对老鼠的虎视眈眈以及最后一段中老鼠将野猫放出来后自己也逃离了可知，这三个邻居都对老鼠有生命威胁，因此它每天都生活在极度恐慌之中。
6．Which of the four neighbours had the most power over the other three
A．The wildcat. B．The mouse.
C．The mongoose. D．The owl.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，野猫无所畏惧，四处乱逛；猫头鹰和猫鼬害怕野猫；老鼠害怕前三者。由此可知，在这四个邻居中，野猫最强势。
7．The mouse bit at the net to save the cat because ________.
A．they were good friends
B．they both hated the hunters
C．the mouse was too kind to see the cat die
D．the other two neighbours were to attack it
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后三句可知，野猫被困住之后，猫鼬和猫头鹰没有了天敌的威胁，于是准备攻击老鼠。老鼠意识到如果没有了野猫，自己面临的威胁更大，所以才救了野猫。
8．From the passage we can learn that the mouse is ________.
A．kind B．brave
C．clever D．stupid
解析：选C　推理判断题。老鼠救了猫来保全自己，但也不寄希望于猫会感谢自己，也逃跑了。由此可推知，老鼠是聪明的。
C
Seal Island is a 200 meter long island in South Africa, which is surrounded by 55 to 57 degrees Fahrenheit waters and covered with over 60,000 seals and some birds. This island has been home to many birds and seals. You may think this island is a paradise. In fact, the island is not famous for the seals or birds. However, the real stars are the great white sharks that leap out of the water to catch the seals they are hunting.
You may think that there is no way for a 15 foot long, 3,000 pound shark to hurl its body out of the water and catch a seal in midair. Actually, these sharks are called “Air Jaws”．
Over the years, the seals have gotten smarter. Now, they go out in groups of seven and eight to feed. They swim down on the sea floor, which gives them extra camouflage (掩饰). When they have to swim near the water surface, they swim in a zigzag (之字形的) pattern. But with all these tricks, they can still be outwitted (以智取胜) by the sharks. Usually, the sharks will take one seal away from its group and force it to swim on the surface, where it is easy to hunt. Sometimes, the seal is lucky and gets away, but most of them die in the process of trying to survive.
Every year, tourists go to see these amazing animals leap out of the water, sometimes flinging (抛) their whole bodies into the air when they want to catch the seals. Some people even want to go into shark cages to see the action from below! This is the reason why this island attracts thousands of tourists around the world every year.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。作者向我们介绍了位于南非的Seal Island。在这个岛周边的水域大白鲨常常跳出水面猎食海豹，这一景象吸引了许多游客前去观看。
9．What probably makes Seal Island famous
A．The large number of seals in the water.
B．The way the great white sharks hunt.
C．The beautiful scenery of the island.
D．The special position of the island.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“However, the real stars are the great white sharks that leap out of the water to catch the seals they are hunting.”可知，大白鲨跳出水面捕食海豹是Seal Island闻名于世的主要原因。
10．Why do the seals swim in a zigzag pattern
A．To save energy. B．To warm themselves.
C．To look for food. D．To avoid the white sharks.
解析：选D　推理判断题。文章第三段列举了海豹躲避大白鲨的方法，其中一种方法就是在水里“之”字形游动。
11．We can infer from the third paragraph that ________.
A．white sharks are dangerous animals
B．the seals are cleverer than the white sharks
C．the sharks are successful in hunting the seals
D．it is easier for the sharks to hunt the seals on the sea floor
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，几年来海豹虽然变聪明了，但它们还是难逃被大白鲨捕食的厄运，这说明大白鲨的捕食很成功。
12．What is the author's purpose in writing the passage
A．To explain why Seal Island is famous.
B．To show how white sharks hunt seals.
C．To advise us to visit Seal Island.
D．To ask us to protect animals.
解析：选A　写作意图题。通过文章第一段以及最后一段可知，这篇文章主要向我们介绍了Seal Island世界闻名的原因。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
I'm 30 years old, and there are several things that life has taught me that I want to share with you. Here are the 4 lessons that life has taught me in the past 30 years.
Take care of your body.
Life is “unfairly” biased (偏向的) towards people who “look good”， like it or not. So it's important that you do all that is in your power to look your best. __1__ You will live longer, and you will live happier, if you take care of your body; you may even get promoted faster on your job. Remember that your health is really your greatest wealth.
__2__
No one taught me to save when I was growing up; no one told me the importance of saving. Fortunately, I was able to learn the value of saving through reading great books like TheMillionaireNextDoor. What I want to teach others is to save at least twenty percent of your income. If you are to be wealthy, you must not just earn a lot, you must save a lot.
Think in the long term.
In high school I was thinking about college, in college I was thinking about life after college. I'm designing my life and I'm making decisions today that will enable me to live the life I desire when I'm in my 40's, 50's and 60's. You have to think in the long term; you have to see the “big picture”. __3__
Realize the power of focus.
Focus, focus, focus ... __4__ If you fail in this lifetime, you will fail because of broken focus. If you focus on the goals that are most important to you, you will achieve them. The problem is that there are so many distractions (使人分心的事). __5__ Winners decide to major on majors, and they even let important things slip, because they just focus on achieving what is critical (极重要的) to their goals.
A．Save your money.
B．The importance of saving.
C．If you plan your future properly, you will live into your plans.
D．I mean dressing nicely, working out and eating right.
E．It's critical that you pursue relationships with individuals who are good first.
F．Nothing is more critical than focus.
G．What separates the winners from the losers is that the winners learn to focus on their goals.
答案：1～5　DACFG(共32张PPT)
主干句: Please take me to a distant land
where引导定语从句,修饰land
where i can find the animal
目的状语
that gave fur to make this sweater
that引导定语从向句,修饰 the animal
They allowed tourists to hunt. number of animals
主语谓语间接宾语不定式作直接宾语
if they paid the farmers.一条件状语从句
第一个谓语部分先行词
You should pay more attention to the rainforest
where引导的定语从句修饰 the rainforest
第二个谓语部分
where I live and appreciate how the animals live together
hOw引导的宾语从句Unit 4 Wildlife Protection Section Ⅲ Grammar-现在进行时的被动语态
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
?语法图解
?探究发现
①It is reported that many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area.
②The plan is not being discussed at the meeting now.
③Isthe house you bought last month being decoratednow
④What is being done to the machine
[我的发现]
(1)以上例句中都用了现在进行时的被动语态，其谓语构成是：am/is/are＋being＋done。
(2)以上例句中第①句是现在进行时被动语态的肯定句式；第②句是否定句式；第③句是一般疑问句式；第④句是特殊疑问句式。
一、含义
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的被动动作，强调主语是动作的承受者。
二、结构
1．肯定式：主语＋am/is/are ＋being done
Some trees are being cut down in the park.
公园里的一些树木正在被砍伐。
2．否定式：主语＋am/is/are＋ not being done
It is reported that the water in the lake is not being protected now.
据报道，这个湖里的水现在没有得到保护。
3．一般疑问式：Am/Is/Are (not)＋主语＋being done
Are the babies being taken care of by this nurse
这些婴儿正由这个护士照看吗？
4．特殊疑问式：特殊疑问词＋am/is/are(not)＋主语＋being done
Who is being trained for the coming English speech contest
为了即将举行的英语演讲比赛，谁正接受训练？
[即时演练1]　句型转换
They are building a modern school in his hometown.
①A modern school is_being_built in his hometown.(改为被动语态)
②A modern school isn't_being_built in his hometown.(把①句改为否定句)
③Is_a_modern_school_being_built in his hometown？(把①句改为一般疑问句)
④Where_is_a_modern_school_being_built？(对①句就in his hometown进行提问)
三、用法
1．表示说话时正在进行的被动动作。句中常用now, at the moment等时间状语。
My younger sister is nowbeing interviewed.
我妹妹现在正在接受采访。
He is nowbeing treatedin China.
现在，他正在中国接受治疗。
2．表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作(说话时不一定在进行)。
These animals are being huntedat such a speed that they will disappear soon.
以如此速度捕杀动物，它们很快就会消失。
Preparations are being made for the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro.
里约热内卢正在为2016年奥运会做准备。
3．表示一种习惯的被动行为，常与always, constantly，often等词连用，表示有赞赏、羡慕、讨厌等感彩。
I feel very surprised that the window of our classroom is often being broken.
我感到非常吃惊的是我们教室的那扇窗户经常被打破。
Tomis always being praised by the teacher.
汤姆总是被老师表扬。
4．与某些情态动词连用，表示对正在发生的动作的推测。
Jim may be being interviewed by the reporters at the very moment.
吉姆此刻可能正在被记者们采访。
—Do you know what Smith is doing
—He is ill. He may be being examined by the doctor.
——你知道史密斯正在做什么吗？
——他病了。他可能正在接受医生的检查。
[名师点津]　(1)stay, love, have, want, belong to等一般不用于现在进行时的被动语态。
(2)“be＋under/in等介词＋名词”结构可用来表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。
The telephone is in use.
＝ The telephone is being used.
电话正在使用中。
[即时演练2]　补全句子
①The little boy has made rapid progress recently and is_always_being_praised by his teachers.
那个小男孩最近进步很快，总是被他的老师表扬。
②The plan to explore the South Pole is_being_made these days.
最近正在制订勘探南极的计划。
③Because of bad scores, Jimmy may_be_being_beaten by his father at the very moment.
由于成绩不好，吉米此刻可能正在挨父亲打。
④The question about where is the factory going to be built is_being_discussed now.
关于在哪儿建厂的问题现在正在被讨论。
⑤A project about protecting the natural resources is_being_designed.
正在设计一个保护自然资源的项目。
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house is_being_rebuilt (rebuild)．
2．Many interesting experiments are_being_carried (carry) out these days.
3．These children are_being_looked (look) after by an old man now.
4．Wait a minute. The dishes for the dinner are_being_cooked (cook) in the kitchen.
5．He is_being_punished (punish) by our teacher at the moment.
6．The sports meeting is_being_held (hold) in our school now.
7．So many things are_being_done (do) here to prevent air pollution.
8．A bridge is_being_built (build) in the distance and its construction will_be_finished (finish) in a year.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．Now these old houses belong_to_my_uncle (属于我叔叔)．
2．At the moment my house is_being_repaired (正在被修理).
3．She is_being_interviewed (正在被采访) by several reporters now.
4．The evening party the children are looking forward to is_being_held (正在被举行) now.
5．A new park is_being_built (正在被建) here. They hope to finish it next year.
6．You aren't allowed to go into the meeting room. A secret plan is_being_made (正在被制订) there.
7．The law is under_discussion (在讨论当中).
8．A new song is_being_taught (正在被教) by the teacher.
9．The water in the lake is under_pollution (受到污染).
10．Is the meeting being_held (正在进行) in the hall now (hold)
Ⅲ.语段填空(用所给词的正确时态、语态填空)
Li Ming：Hi, Lin Tao, it's several months since we 1.met (meet) last time. You said you were tired of your work and you 2.would_find (find) a new job. What are you doing now
Lin Tao：Oh, I'm 3.being_trained (train) for the work in the supermarket in the past two months. You know, a supermarket 4.is_being_built (build) in our town, and it 5.will_be (be) open in about two months. Where are you going now
Li Ming：I 6.am_going (go) to the centre stadium, where the spring sports meeting 7.is_being_held (hold)．
Lin Tao：I hear that a car exhibition is also 8.being_held (hold) there. Why don't you drive there It's a long way from here.
Li Ming：There is something wrong with my car and it 9.is_being_repaired (repair) in a company. I 10.am_losing (lose) weight recently, so I'd like to go there on foot.
Lin Tao：I see. Then wish you a good day!
Li Ming：Thank you! Bye!
Lin Tao：Bye!(共19张PPT)
现含义表示某人或某事正在被
肯定式:beb
在进行时的被动
否定式: be not being dof
时结构J一般疑问式:be(mo)+主语 being done
特殊疑问式:疑问词+be(not)+主语+ being doi
表示说话时正在进行的被动动作
2.表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作
态Ⅷ用法3,表示习惯性的被动行为,常带感彩
与情态动词连用,表示对正在发生的事情的推测Unit 4 Wildlife Protection Section Ⅴ Writing—建议信
建议信是生活中常见的一种文体，是写信人向收信人对某事提出的建议和忠告。建议信可能是写给个人，也可能是写给某个组织或机构，信的内容要包括写信的原因、建议的内容、提出建议的理由。建议信要写得简明扼要、目的明确、具有合理性和说服力。
一、基本结构
1．开头——说明写信的原因。
2．主体——陈述建议的具体内容，并指出你所提建议可能会带来的好处。
3．结尾——提出希望自己的建议被采纳的想法。
二、增分佳句
1．It is reported that more and more species of wildlife are dying out.
2．The reason why the number of the wildlife is decreasingis that their living places have been badly destroyed.
3．In modern times, with the development of economy and the improvement of people's life, more and more trees have been cut down.
4．I think stricter laws must be made to punish people whohunt forthe rare animals.
5．As a result, these endangered animals evendie out.
6．So, it's the time for us to protect our forests and living environment.
7．Only in this way can we save them in time.
8．I hope you will find these suggestions helpful/useful.
[题目要求]
假如你叫李华，你所生活的城市周围有很多动植物正逐渐减少，对此你向有关部门写一封信，分析造成这种现象的原因，并根据实际情况提出切实可行的几条建议。但以下几条要点要包括在内：
1．野生动植物的现状；
2．分析造成许多野生动植物濒临灭绝的原因；
3．提出几条保护野生动植物的具体措施。
注意：1.不可遗漏要点，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir or Madam，
I'm writing to give some suggestions to protect the wildlife living in and around our city.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为建议信；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第三人称；
3．确定时态：本文的主要时态应用一般现在时态。
二、构思
开头：描述现状。
主体：分析原因，提出措施。
结尾：提出希望。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．in_danger_of　　　　　　　　　 危险中
2．extinction 绝
3．with_the_development_of_... 着……的发展
4．take_measures 取措施
5．protect_..._from_... 护……免受……
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
开头：描述现状
1．正如我们所知，许多野生动植物物种正面临灭绝。
As we know, many species of wildlife are_in_danger_of_extinction.
主体：分析原因，提出措施
2．这是因为野生动植物的生存环境遭到了极大的破坏。
This is because the environment that they are living in has_been_destroyed_greatly.
3．随着城市的发展，水和空气被严重污染。
With_the_development_of cities, water and air are_seriously_polluted.
4．它们不仅缺乏食物，而且有时还会被人猎杀。
They have little to eat and also can be_killed by human beings.
5．这些野生动植物是我们生活的重要部分，我们应该采取更多的措施保护它们免遭伤害。
These species of wildlife are important_part_of_our_life. More measures should be taken to_protect_them_from_being_hurt.
6．制定更多法律以阻止人们砍伐树木。
More laws must be made to_stop_people_from_cutting_down_trees.
7．所有工厂在排废水之前必须净化废水。
All the factories must clean the waste water before_it_is_poured_into rivers or lakes.
8．建立更多的动植物保护区以便它们安全地生活。
More reserves should be set up so_that_they_can_live_safely.
结尾：提出希望
9．我希望我的建议有帮助。
I hope my suggestions are helpful/of_help.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用not only ...but also ...改写句4
They__not_only_have_little_to_eat,_but_also_can_be__killed_by_human_beings.
2．用恰当的过渡语连接句6、7、8
Firstly,_more laws must be made to stop people from cutting down trees. Secondly,_all the factories must clean the waste water before it is poured into rivers or lakes. Thirdly/Lastly,_more reserves should be set up so that they can live safely.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
Dear Sir or Madam,
I'm writing to give some suggestions to protect the wildlife living in and around our city. As_we_know,_many_species_of_wildlife_are_in_danger_of_extinction.This_is_because___the_environment_that_they_are_living_in_has_been_destroyed_greatly.
With_the_development_of_cities,_water_and_air_are_seriously_polluted._Their_living_areas_are_becoming_smaller_and_smaller._They_not_only_have_little_to_eat,_but_also_can_be_killed_by_human_beings._These_species_of_wildlife_are_important_part_of_our_life._Personally,_more_measures_should_be_taken_to_protect_them_from_being_hurt._Firstly,_more_laws_must_be_made_to_stop_people_from_cutting_down_trees._Secondly,_all_the_factories_must_clean_the_waste_water_before_it_is_poured_into_rivers_or_lakes._Thirdly,_more_reserves_should_be_set_up_so_that_they_can_live_safely.
I_hope__my_suggestions_are_helpful.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua(共14张PPT)单元加餐练（一~二） 完形阅读组合练
加餐练(一)　完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
The Japanese have always loved fresh fish. But the __1__ close to Japan doesn't hold many fish. So to __2__ the Japanese population, fishing boats got __3__ and went farther than ever. The farther the fishermen went, the longer it took to bring in the fish. If the boats __4__ after several days, the fish were not __5__. The Japanese did not like the __6__.
To solve this problem, fishing companies fixed freezers on their boats. They would catch the fish and __7__ them at sea. Freezers __8__ the boats to go farther and stay longer. __9__， the Japanese could taste the difference __10__ fresh and frozen fish and they did not like frozen fish.
The frozen fish brought a lower __11__. Then fishing companies fixed fish tanks (大缸). The fish would be kept in the tanks, fin (鳍) to fin. After a little swimming around, the fish stopped moving. They were tired in the __12__ tanks, but alive. __13__， the Japanese could still taste the difference. Because the fish did not move for days, they lost their fresh fish taste. The Japanese __14__ fresh fish, not sluggish (迟钝的) fish.
So __15__ did Japanese fishing companies get fresh tasting fish to Japan
To keep the fish fresh, the Japanese fishing companies __16__ put the fish in the tanks. But they __17__ a small shark to each tank. The shark eats a few fish, but most of the fish __18__ lively. The fish are challenged (挑战)．
So it is with humans. Some of us are also living in a pond but most of the time __19__， so we need a __20__ in our life to keep us active.
语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。日本人爱吃新鲜的鱼。远航捕鱼的渔船为了保持鱼的鲜味会在鱼缸里放入一条小鲨鱼来保证鱼的鲜活。人类也如此，枯燥乏味的生活中也需要这样一条“鲨鱼”来让我们时刻保持活力。
1．A.land　　　　　　　　 B．water
C．forest D．space
解析：选B　因为周边水域中的鱼不多了，所以渔船才会远航捕鱼。
2．A.support B．help
C．feed D．save
解析：选C　为了有足够的鱼养活日本人，渔船造得越来越大，也走得越来越远。
3．A.bigger B．higher
C．faster D．longer
解析：选A　参见上题解析。
4．A.left B．returned
C．broke D．travelled
解析：选B　渔船走得越远，需要的时间就会越久。
5．A.clean B．natural
C．healthy D．fresh
解析：选D　渔船捕到鱼后返回的时间稍长，鱼就不新鲜了。
6．A.taste B．smell
C．sight D．touch
解析：选A　日本人不喜欢那种不新鲜的味道。
7．A.kill B．cook
C．freeze D．pack
解析：选C　为了解决这个问题，渔船上装上了冰箱，渔民将捕的鱼冰冻保存。
8．A.required B．forced
C．expected D．allowed
解析：选D　冰箱使得渔船能够走得更远，在海上待的时间更长。
9．A.Besides B．However
C．Instead D．Indeed
解析：选B　但是，日本人能够吃出新鲜的鱼和冻鱼的差别。他们不喜欢吃冻鱼。
10．A.between B．beyond
C．within D．with
解析：选A　参见上题解析。
11．A.use B．cost
C．price D．speed
解析：选C　日本人不喜欢吃冻鱼，买的人少了，自然冻鱼的价格就变低了。
12．A.special B．deep
C．dark D．crowded
解析：选D　渔业公司不得不另想办法。他们在渔船上装上了大鱼缸。鱼放在鱼缸里，一条紧挨着一条。在这种拥挤的状态下，鱼很快就累得游不动了。
13．A.Finally B．Unluckily
C．Strangely D．Thankfully
解析：选B　虽然鱼不怎么游动了，但是还活着。不幸的是，日本人仍然能吃出这种鱼和新鲜的鱼不一样。
14．A.preferred B．knew
C．shared D．served
解析：选A　日本人更爱吃的是新鲜的鱼，不是迟钝的鱼。
15．A.where B．why
C．how D．when
解析：选C　那么，日本的渔业公司该如何给日本人带去新鲜的鱼呢？
16．A.seldom B．only
C．never D．still
解析：选D　最后，他们想到了一个办法。他们仍然将鱼放在鱼缸里，但是他们在鱼缸里加入一条小鲨鱼。
17．A.show B．add
C．devote D．introduce
解析：选B　参见上题解析。
18．A.arrive B．finish
C．pass D．escape
解析：选A　鲨鱼会捕食其他鱼，这导致其他鱼游来游去躲避鲨鱼的捕杀，这样就保证了大部分鱼在到达时仍然充满活力，新鲜十足。
19．A.weak B．sick
C．sad D．tired
解析：选D　人类也有相似的情形。我们中有些人在一成不变的生活中变得乏累，失去活力。这时，我们也需要这样一条“鲨鱼”来让我们时刻保持活力。
20．A.freezer B．tank
C．shark D．fish
解析：选C　参见上题解析。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
After the heavy rain passes, a man at a company that lies on the riverbank arrives for work. At the water's edge, he notices a baby beaver (海狸) balls up on the ground. Realizing that the animal needs help, the man picks him up and drives to a nearby animal hospital. From here the beaver is sent to the Calgary Wildlife Rehabilitation Society(CWRS), where he will begin his recovery.
Vets check the beaver — now named Birch — for wounds or broken bones. Luckily they find no injuries. “But he's a real little animal — only three and a half pounds，” says Andrea Hunt, a worker at the rehab center. According to his weight, they think that Birch is about eight weeks old. “Baby beavers stay with their families for one to two years，” Hunt says. “He's not ready to care for himself. If he hadn't been saved, he almost certainly wouldn't have survived.”
To keep Birch from getting lonely, Hunt pairs him with another baby beaver named Aspen. At first they're fed a milky cereal. A few weeks later, Birch and Aspen begin a diet (饮食) of solid food that includes leafy kale and collard greens. Wood is also on the menu. For exercise, each beaver receives its own pool to swim in.
About a year later, Birch weighs 27 pounds. “Not only is he healthy, but he's also learned good survival skills，” Hunt says. “It's time to let him go.” Early one morning the beaver is driven into a Canadian forest to be set free. Birch is carried in a cage (笼子) to the bank of a lake. When the door opens, he carefully steps out, then jumps into the water and swims away. “We'll miss Birch，” Hunt says. “But nothing feels better than putting an animal back where it should be.”
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只小海狸遇险获救并最终被放归大自然的故事。
1．On his way to work, the man ________.
A．gets caught in heavy rain
B．saves a little young animal
C．is driven to a hospital
D．sends a beaver home
解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段中的“the man picks him up and drives to a nearby animal hospital”和第二段中的“If he hadn't been saved, he almost certainly wouldn't have survived.”可知，那位男子在上班途中救了小海狸一命，故选B项。
2．According to Paragraph 2, Birch ________.
A．moves to the rehab center with Hunt
B．loses his parents when he is born
C．is too young to care for himself
D．breaks his bones in an accident
解析：选C　细节理解题。由该段中的“they think that Birch is about eight weeks old ... He's not ready to care for himself”可知，Birch太小还不会照顾自己，故选C项。
3．Which of the following may Andrea Hunt agree with
A．If you love him, stay with him forever.
B．It is dangerous to get close to animals.
C．Just keep a beaver as your pet.
D．Save animals, save the world.
解析：选D　推理判断题。由Andrea Hunt帮助小海狸康复并将其放归大自然的故事及她在最后一段所说的“But nothing feels ... should be.”可知，Andrea Hunt会同意D项说法。
4．What would be the best title for the text
A．Birch：a lucky beaver
B．Aspen：a special friend
C．Andrea Hunt：a skilled worker
D．The CWRS：home to injured animals
解析：选A　标题归纳题。总览全文可知，文章主要讲述了一只小海狸遇险获救并最终被放归大自然的故事，故用A项作为标题最恰当。
加餐练(二)　第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
What on earth does happiness mean I can't give you its __1__ (exactly) definition (定义), but I'm sure if you love and help others, you'll get it.
I'll never forget an old lady. She lives in __2__ small house alone. It is said that her husband and her son __3__ (die) in a road accident years ago. Her life is bitter, but she often helps others with a smile. Whenever it snows, she is always the first to clean the paths. She looks after several children __4__ (live) nearby. I am one of them. I often remember the __5__ (story) she told us and her kind smile. Perhaps she is unlucky, __6__ I think she is a happy person. Her life is full of laughter and love.
But I'm sad to see some people getting their happiness in bad ways. They talk __7__ (noisy) in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees __8__ (enjoy) themselves and they laugh at others' shortcomings. Perhaps they feel happy at that time, but they will never get true happiness because they have lost their personality already.
Now I know what happiness is. __9__ means kindness, love and unselfishness. Above all, I have come to understand that __10__ (bring) happiness to others is getting ourselves happiness.
1．exact　修饰名词definition，应用形容词。
2．a　此处泛指“一所小房子”，用不定冠词a。
3．died　根据years ago可知，应用一般过去时。
4．living　v． ing作定语修饰several children。
5．stories　story“故事”是可数名词，讲的故事不止一个，故用复数形式。
6．but/yet　由unlucky及happy的对比可知，前后句之间为转折关系，故用but/yet连接。
7．noisily　修饰动词talk用副词。
8．to enjoy　此处用动词不定式作目的状语。
9．It　指代前一句提到的happiness，故用It。
10．bringing　所用词在宾语从句中作主语，且指抽象性动作，故应用动名词形式。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Dear Kelly，
I've been back home safely from England. Thank you for the warmly reception during my stay in England.
Last week, I enjoyed me in your country. I visited the city museum and some places of interests, which made me to have a better understanding of British culture and history. Of course, I also make many new friends. Beside, I was lucky enough to staying at your home. I'll never forget the days when we spent together. Here I especially thank you for the dictionary you offered me for a gift. It's great help for me to learn English well. I'll treasure and make full use of it.
Yours，
Li Hua
答案：第二句：warmly→warm
第三句：me→myself
第四句：interests→interest; 去掉have前的to
第五句：make→made
第六句：Beside→Besides; staying→stay
第七句：when→that/which
第八句：第二个for→as
第九句：great前加a
Ⅲ.书面表达
假设你是李梅，你的好朋友Susan前不久随父母去了美国，她写信告诉你开始新的学校生活不是很容易，感到很孤独。请你根据以下要点用英语给她写一封电子邮件。
1．听到消息很难过，并给她一些建议；
2．学好英语，练习口语，从而增加和别人交流的机会；
3．多交一些朋友，友情会使她忘记孤独；
4．积极参加各种活动，使自己的生活更加有趣。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可根据内容需要，适当扩展细节；
3．邮件格式已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Susan，
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Mei
参考范文：
Dear Susan，
I'm sorry to hear that you are having trouble adapting to your new school life in America, but this situation can be easily changed if you take my advice.
Firstly, you should work hard at English, which can give you more opportunities to communicate with others. Secondly, why not make some friends They can help you to know more about America, and it is very important to express your thoughts and feelings to them so that you can forget your loneliness. Thirdly, it would be a good idea if you take an active part in all kinds of activities, which will help to make life more interesting. By doing these, you will be happier with your new life soon.
I hope you will find these ideas useful.
Yours，
Li MeiUnit 4 Wildlife Protection
It's said that dinosaurs died out because of an unexpected incident. But wildlife today disappears or is in danger just because humans do harm to it. For example, tigers are hunted for fur to make carpets so that they only live in secure reserves; grassland is destroyed without mercy so that dust storms come into being affecting distant cities.
Last year, scientists saw some monkeys rubbing themselves with a certain kind of insects to protect themselves from fierce mosquitoesbiting. According to the result of theinspection, they found that the insect contains a powerful drug, so local farmers were employed to catch the insects. The ending was that the insects disappeared from the whole zone. When told that it was a loss to humans, the farmers burst into tears and responded, “Our real loss is our decreasingincome.”
We should appreciate the natural balance and paymore attention to theimportance of wildlife protection. Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace can we smile inrelief.
　　据说恐龙因一次意外事件而灭绝了，但是今天的野生动植物却是因为人类的伤害而消失或处在危险中。例如，老虎被猎杀以获取皮毛做地毯，以至于它们只生活在安全的保护区里；草地被无情地破坏，以至于沙尘暴开始形成影响遥远的城市。
去年，科学家观察到猴子在身上擦某种昆虫来保护自己不受凶猛的蚊子的叮咬。根据检查的结果，他们发现这种昆虫含有一种具有强大效力的药物，于是，当地的农民都被雇来捕捉这种虫子。结局是，这种昆虫从这整个地区都消失了。当被告知这是整个人类的损失时，农民们都突然哭着回应道：“我们减少的收入才是我们真正的损失呢！”
我们应该意识到自然平衡并多加注意保护野生动植物的重要性。直到我们成功让野生动植物平静地生活，我们自己才能如释重负地笑开颜。(共4张PPT)Unit 4 Wildlife Protection课时跟踪练（一）Warming Up & Reading-Pre reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I lay in the hospital bed with my six year old daughter, Elizabeth, holding her in my arms. “Mommy, will you stay with me the whole time？” she asked, looking up. “You know I can't be in the operating room，” I said carefully, not wanting to frighten her. “But Daddy and I will be waiting right outside.” Elizabeth nodded, but her eyes looked troubled.
Elizabeth had broken her right leg in July. Seven months later, it still hadn t healed (康复). In fact, it had gotten worse. She was here in the hospital for surgery (手术)．
I wanted to tell her that everything would be okay and promise that this would be the last time she d have to go through this. But what if something went wrong again How could I comfort my daughter when I needed comfort myself
There was a knock at the door. A nurse I thought. Time to say goodbye already But the woman who came in wasn t a nurse. “Hi，” the woman said. “I m a volunteer here, and I ve got something for Elizabeth.” She handed a bright blue box to my daughter.
Elizabeth sat up and took the box. She opened it and started pulling out goodies one by one — candies, stickers, a lovely toy in the shape of a star. She hugged the star, perking_up for the first time since she entered the hospital. “Thank you，” she said. “I love them.” There was a big smile on her face. It had been so long since I saw that big smile.
The gift was a great comfort not only to my daughter, but also to me.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者的女儿在进手术室前有些紧张，这时一位陌生人送来一盒礼物，使女儿高兴起来。
1．Why did the author s daughter feel upset
A．She would have surgery on her arm.
B．The author had no time to play with her.
C．She had to stay in the hospital for a long time.
D．The author couldn t stay in the operating room.
解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段的“ You know I can t be in the operating room， I said carefully, not wanting to frighten her.”可知，作者不能进入手术室，这使得女儿有些紧张。
2．The author didn t make any promise because ________.
A．there was no time for her to do so
B．she wasn t sure of the result herself
C．she believed everything would be okay
D．she thought there was no need for her to do so
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第三段的“But what if something went wrong again？”可知，作者没法给女儿许诺，因为她自己也不确定手术结果。
3．Why did the woman come in
A．To offer a gift.
B．To say goodbye.
C．To comfort the author.
D．To get all the things ready.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段的“I m a volunteer ... to my daughter.”可知，这位妇女进来是为了送礼物。
4．The underlined part “perking up” means “________”．
A．having a rest　　　　 B．thinking carefully
C．doing her best D．becoming cheerful
解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据下文“There was a big smile on her face.”可知，女儿很高兴。所以perk up意为：愉快、活跃起来。
B
Four animals — a wildcat, a mongoose, a mouse and an owl — had made their home in a huge tree.
The mouse and the mongoose lived at the foot of the tree in two different holes. The cat lived in a large hole halfway up the tree and the owl lived in the branches.
The cat feared none of its neighbours and moved about, afraid of nothing. The owl and the mongoose were afraid of the cat and kept a safe distance from it. The mouse was extremely afraid of all three neighbours.
One day the cat was caught in a trap laid by a hunter. Its three neighbours watched with joy as it tried extremely hard to get out of the net in which it had been trapped. They knew it was a hopeless task. Soon the hunter would come and they would never see their enemy forever. The mouse s joy, however, was short lived because even as it watched the cat, it found that the mongoose was moving towards it. Looking up, it saw that the owl too was getting ready to move down. The mouse understood that it was in great danger and that the only one who could save it was its enemy, the cat.
It jumped onto the net in which the cat was caught and began biting at it. Within a short time it had made a hole big enough for the cat to come out. Seeing the cat come out, the owl and the mongoose escaped.
The mouse ran away too. It knew it could not expect any thanks from the cat, but in saving it, it had saved its own life.
语篇解读：野猫吃猫头鹰和猫鼬，三者都吃老鼠。野猫是猫头鹰和猫鼬的敌人，反而成了老鼠的“朋友”，救了老鼠的命。
5．The mouse lived in extreme fear every day because ________.
A．it lived at the foot of the tree
B．hunters set traps everywhere
C．all its three neighbours might eat it at any time
D．its food might be taken away by its neighbours
解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句、第四段中猫鼬和猫头鹰对老鼠的虎视眈眈以及最后一段中老鼠将野猫放出来后自己也逃离了可知，这三个邻居都对老鼠有生命威胁，因此它每天都生活在极度恐慌之中。
6．Which of the four neighbours had the most power over the other three
A．The wildcat. B．The mouse.
C．The mongoose. D．The owl.
解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，野猫无所畏惧，四处乱逛；猫头鹰和猫鼬害怕野猫；老鼠害怕前三者。由此可知，在这四个邻居中，野猫最强势。
7．The mouse bit at the net to save the cat because ________.
A．they were good friends
B．they both hated the hunters
C．the mouse was too kind to see the cat die
D．the other two neighbours were to attack it
解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后三句可知，野猫被困住之后，猫鼬和猫头鹰没有了天敌的威胁，于是准备攻击老鼠。老鼠意识到如果没有了野猫，自己面临的威胁更大，所以才救了野猫。
8．From the passage we can learn that the mouse is ________.
A．kind B．brave
C．clever D．stupid
解析：选C　推理判断题。老鼠救了猫来保全自己，但也不寄希望于猫会感谢自己，也逃跑了。由此可推知，老鼠是聪明的。
C
Seal Island is a 200 meter long island in South Africa, which is surrounded by 55 to 57 degrees Fahrenheit waters and covered with over 60,000 seals and some birds. This island has been home to many birds and seals. You may think this island is a paradise. In fact, the island is not famous for the seals or birds. However, the real stars are the great white sharks that leap out of the water to catch the seals they are hunting.
You may think that there is no way for a 15 foot long, 3,000 pound shark to hurl its body out of the water and catch a seal in midair. Actually, these sharks are called “Air Jaws”．
Over the years, the seals have gotten smarter. Now, they go out in groups of seven and eight to feed. They swim down on the sea floor, which gives them extra camouflage (掩饰). When they have to swim near the water surface, they swim in a zigzag (之字形的) pattern. But with all these tricks, they can still be outwitted (以智取胜) by the sharks. Usually, the sharks will take one seal away from its group and force it to swim on the surface, where it is easy to hunt. Sometimes, the seal is lucky and gets away, but most of them die in the process of trying to survive.
Every year, tourists go to see these amazing animals leap out of the water, sometimes flinging (抛) their whole bodies into the air when they want to catch the seals. Some people even want to go into shark cages to see the action from below! This is the reason why this island attracts thousands of tourists around the world every year.
语篇解读：本文是说明文。作者向我们介绍了位于南非的Seal Island。在这个岛周边的水域大白鲨常常跳出水面猎食海豹，这一景象吸引了许多游客前去观看。
9．What probably makes Seal Island famous
A．The large number of seals in the water.
B．The way the great white sharks hunt.
C．The beautiful scenery of the island.
D．The special position of the island.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句“However, the real stars are the great white sharks that leap out of the water to catch the seals they are hunting.”可知，大白鲨跳出水面捕食海豹是Seal Island闻名于世的主要原因。
10．Why do the seals swim in a zigzag pattern
A．To save energy. B．To warm themselves.
C．To look for food. D．To avoid the white sharks.
解析：选D　推理判断题。文章第三段列举了海豹躲避大白鲨的方法，其中一种方法就是在水里“之”字形游动。
11．We can infer from the third paragraph that ________.
A．white sharks are dangerous animals
B．the seals are cleverer than the white sharks
C．the sharks are successful in hunting the seals
D．it is easier for the sharks to hunt the seals on the sea floor
解析：选C　推理判断题。根据文章第三段可知，几年来海豹虽然变聪明了，但它们还是难逃被大白鲨捕食的厄运，这说明大白鲨的捕食很成功。
12．What is the author s purpose in writing the passage
A．To explain why Seal Island is famous.
B．To show how white sharks hunt seals.
C．To advise us to visit Seal Island.
D．To ask us to protect animals.
解析：选A　写作意图题。通过文章第一段以及最后一段可知，这篇文章主要向我们介绍了Seal Island世界闻名的原因。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
I m 30 years old, and there are several things that life has taught me that I want to share with you. Here are the 4 lessons that life has taught me in the past 30 years.
Take care of your body.
Life is “unfairly” biased (偏向的) towards people who “look good”， like it or not. So it s important that you do all that is in your power to look your best. __1__ You will live longer, and you will live happier, if you take care of your body; you may even get promoted faster on your job. Remember that your health is really your greatest wealth.
__2__
No one taught me to save when I was growing up; no one told me the importance of saving. Fortunately, I was able to learn the value of saving through reading great books like The Millionaire Next Door. What I want to teach others is to save at least twenty percent of your income. If you are to be wealthy, you must not just earn a lot, you must save a lot.
Think in the long term.
In high school I was thinking about college, in college I was thinking about life after college. I m designing my life and I m making decisions today that will enable me to live the life I desire when I m in my 40 s, 50 s and 60 s. You have to think in the long term; you have to see the “big picture”. __3__
Realize the power of focus.
Focus, focus, focus ... __4__ If you fail in this lifetime, you will fail because of broken focus. If you focus on the goals that are most important to you, you will achieve them. The problem is that there are so many distractions (使人分心的事). __5__ Winners decide to major on majors, and they even let important things slip, because they just focus on achieving what is critical (极重要的) to their goals.
A．Save your money.
B．The importance of saving.
C．If you plan your future properly, you will live into your plans.
D．I mean dressing nicely, working out and eating right.
E．It s critical that you pursue relationships with individuals who are good first.
F．Nothing is more critical than focus.
G．What separates the winners from the losers is that the winners learn to focus on their goals.
答案：1～5　DACFGUnit 4 Wildlife Protection课时跟踪练（二）Warming Up & Reading-Language Points
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The doctor advised him to try to avoid foods which contain (含有) a lot of fat.
2．The boss employed (雇用) about 20 people to work for him yesterday.
3．We must let everyone know the importance (重要性) of environment protection.
4．On rainy days, umbrellas can provide us with protection (保护)．
5．People should decrease (减少) the amount of fat they eat.
6．Fruit juices can be harmful (有害的) to children's teeth.
7．An unhappy home environment can affect (影响) a child's behaviour.
8．The disease failed to respond (反应) to the new drugs the doctor applied.
9．China is getting more and more powerful (强大的) in the world.
10．It is certain (确定的；无疑的) that the earth goes around the sun.
11．The Internet and television make it possible for us to see a distant (遥远的) scene.
12．We really appreciate (感激) everything you've done for our daughter.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Great attention must be paid to develop education, especially in the countryside.
develop→developing
2．I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn't respond it.respond后加to
3．I have to prepare food for seven people containing me.containing→including
4．It was great relief for him to find nothing had been stolen.great前加a
5．He is in danger losing his job because of an unexpected incident.danger后加of
6．We students should have mercy to the people in need.to→on
7．I'd appreciate if you can tell me how to learn English better.appreciate后加it
8．I'm trying to keep going crazy most days.keep后加from
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．Jack was in_danger_of_losing_his_life (有失去生命的危险) because of his serious heart disease.
2．We young people should do something we can to_keep/stop/prevent__the_sea_
from_being_polluted (阻止海洋受到污染)．
3．She suggested_staying_there (建议待在那里) another day.
4．I long_to_go_to_university (渴望去上大学) to learn more important and useful knowledge.
5．On hearing the funny words from her daughter, she_burst_into_laughter/burst
_out_laughing (她突然大笑起来).
6．Polluted air and water will do_harm_to/be_harmful_to_our_health (对我们身体健康有害)．
7．She tried to pay_attention_to_what_the_teacher_was_saying (注意老师在说什么).
8．As a matter of fact, your opinion will not affect_my_decision (影响我的决定)．
9．People around the world are hoping to_live_in_peace (平静地生活)．
10．The work was finished as_it_had_been_planed (按计划的那样)．
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Not long ago there was a girl 1.called (call) Daisy, who went to see the animals that gave fur to make her sweater 2.with the help of a flying carpet. In Tibet, she saw an antelope with a sad face looking at her, 3.who told her that they were killed for the wool that was taken from under their 4.stomachs (stomach). In Zimbabwe, the elephant Daisy saw said they were 5.endangered (danger) there. Farmers used to hunt them because they were considered 6.to_have_destroyed (destroy) the farms. Later, the government tried to help the farmers by asking the tour companies to bring 7.more (many) tourists to the area and setting the number of animals to be hunted, which brought the farmers a lot of incomes. As 8.a result, farmers started to protect them. In the thick rainforest, Daisy saw a monkey 9.rubbing (rub) an insect over his body to protect against mosquitoes. With all 10.her experience, Daisy had learned how to work with WWF to protect wildlife.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
过度捕杀(hunt)极大地影响(affect)了野生动物的数量。结果，一些动物灭绝(die out)了。有一些动物处境危险(in danger)。我们要保护野生动物免受(protect ... from ...)伤害(harm)，并与它们和平共处(live in peace)。政府已经关注(pay attention to)这个问题并采取了一系列措施。到目前为止，我们已经成功(succeed)阻止(prevent ... from ...)了这种状况的恶化。
Hunting too much affected the number of wild animals greatly. As a result, some animals have died out and others are in danger. We should protect wild animals from being harmed and live in peace with them. Fortunately, our government has paid attention to the situation and has taken a series of measures. So far, we have succeeded in preventing the situation from getting worse.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
A sailor (船员) in one of Christopher Columbus's three ships is eagerly (渴望地) looking for land. In the sailor's eagerness to __1__ land, he makes his __2__. He thinks that a cloud on the horizon (地平线) is land. The sailor, with great excitement, calls out, “__3__！”
Greatly excited, the rest of the ship's sailors run to the side quickly. They, too, __4__ eagerly out at the horizon. They are __5__ at the thought of land. They have __6__ nothing but a very large area of water for weeks.
As the ship moves forward, the sailor's mistake is made __7__. The “land” is nothing but a cloud. What do the others say to the sailor who made the __8__ call What do they say when it turns out that the “land” was only a moving cloud The sailors make a __9__. They say, “You just saw the dirt under the cooking __10__！” The response (答复) may not seem __11__ at all today, but it was a humorous response to the living conditions on __12__ long ago.
When Columbus __13__ from Spain in August 1492 across the Atlantic Ocean, he traveled in three small, wooden ships. The living conditions were __14__. Most of the sailors slept fully clothed under the stars on the hard decks (甲板). There were no bathrooms, __15__ there was not a __16__. Food had to be __17__ on the open deck at risk of __18__ the wooden ship. To prevent the ship from catching fire, the cook would always spread __19__ under the place where the cooking was done. The others would joke with a sailor who had wrongly __20__ he had discovered land. And they usually told him that what he had really seen was the dirt spread out by the cook for preventing fires!
1．A.discuss　　　　　　　 B．cover
C．describe D．find
解析：选D　根据上文的“looking for land”可知，那名船员渴望找到陆地。
2．A.trip B．mistake
C．promise D．decision
解析：选B　根据下文的“The ‘land’ is nothing but a cloud.”可知，船员将天边的云误以为是陆地。下文的“the sailor's mistake”为提示。
3．A.Cloud B．Sea
C．Land D．Sand
解析：选C　根据上文的“He thinks that a cloud on the horizon (地平线) is land.”可知，船员大呼“陆地”。
4．A.pick B．run
C．look D．shout
解析：选C　其他船员也都纷纷跑到船边，向远处的天边望去。
5．A.happy B．proud
C．calm D．patient
解析：选A　根据上文的“Greatly excited”和下一句可知，船上的船员一想到陆地都很兴奋、高兴。
6．A.enjoyed B．built
C．seen D．used
解析：选C　几个星期以来，船员除了大片的水域外没见过其他东西。
7．A.known B．understood
C．attractive D．popular
解析：选A　根据下文其他船员发现所谓的陆地其实是漂浮的云并开那名船员的玩笑可知，大家知道了那名误把云朵当作陆地的船员的错误。
8．A.long B．wrong
C．bad D．hard
解析：选B　参见上题解析。
9．A.choice B．joke
C．study D．fight
解析：选B　根据下文的“The others would joke with a sailor”可知，其他船员和那名船员开了一个玩笑。
10．A.book B．oil
C．room D．fire
解析：选D　根据下文的“To prevent the ship from catching fire ... under the place where the cooking was done.”可知，这句玩笑是：你只是看见了炊火下面的土。
11．A.strange B．clear
C．friendly D．funny
解析：选D　but后面的“it was a humorous response”与空处所在句构成对比，由此可知，这个笑话可能现在听上去不好笑。
12．A.ships B．planes
C．islands D．farms
解析：选A　根据文中的ships和sailors可知，故事发生在船上。
13．A.swam B．sailed
C．fell D．disappeared
解析：选B　根据下文的“he traveled in three small, wooden ships”可知，哥伦布是从西班牙经大西洋航行。
14．A.common B．dangerous
C．difficult D．comfortable
解析：选C　根据下文描写船员在甲板上和衣而睡以及缺乏一定的必要设施可知，船上的生活条件很艰苦。
15．A.but B．and
C．as D．so
解析：选B　“There were no”与“there was not”之间为并列关系。
16．A.radio B．bed
C．fridge D．kitchen
解析：选D　根据下文描写在甲板上做饭可知，船上没有厨房。
17．A.cooked B．frozen
C．eaten D．provided
解析：选A　根据下文的“To prevent the ship from catching fire”可知，船员冒着烧了木船的危险在甲板上生火做饭。
18．A.hitting B．stopping
C．burning D．moving
解析：选C　参见上题解析。
19．A.dirt B．water
C．food D．clothes
解析：选A　根据文章最后一句的“the dirt spread out by the cook for preventing fires”可知，厨师在灶火下铺土以防木船被烧毁。
20．A.written B．believed
C．remembered D．heard
解析：选B　那名船员错误地以为自己发现了陆地。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Last Sunday afternoon, I went to the zoo with Lily. There was lots of people there. I found a girl cry in the zoo. She was lost and she can't find her mother. We decided to help her. I try my best find the broadcasting station in the zoo. On the same time Lily played with her and looked after her careful there. The little girl stopped crying and played with Lily. At last his mother came. That made me feel very happily. I thought I really did a good thing. If everyone helps with each other, the world will become more beautiful.　
答案：第二句：was→were
第三句：cry→crying
第四句：can't→couldn't
第六句：try→tried; best后加to
第七句：On→At; careful→carefully
第九句：his→her
第十句：happily→happy
第十二句：去掉with(共43张PPT)
第一步先疏通课文[点点释疑→小题精做]
第二步再学习新知[识记清单→重点详析→课时检测(共60张PPT)Unit 4 Wildlife Protection课时跟踪练（三）Learning about Language & Using Language
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A cloud of dust (灰尘) rose in the air as the car ran past.
2．He faithfully (忠诚地) lived up to his promise.
3．People say that barking dogs don't bite (咬)．
4．He told me some of the funny incidents (事件) that happened during his journey to Europe.
5．I don't feel secure (安全的) when I am alone in the house.
6．The story has a surprising ending (结尾)．
7．That little boy was frightened by that fierce (凶猛的) dog.　
8．It's difficult to raise a family on a small income (收入)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．According_to the old story, he was the founder of Rome.
2．A new rule about smoking in public will come_into_being next month.
3．We'd like to arrive 30 minutes early so_that we can have time for a good rest.
4．He got ill long_before you came here.
5．I think he lives there but I can't say for_sure.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．No matter how powerful (power) the enemy seems, we must fight against them to the end.
2．She must be feeling very lonely after the loss (lose) of her husband.
3．Do you think that work without rest will do harm to your health
4．I would appreciate it if you could help me with my English.
5．I think that a good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending (end)．
6．He told me not to_inspect (inspect) the machine without turning off the power.
7．It is of great importance (important) that you arrive on time.
8．A doctor's task is to work for the relief (relieve) of patient's suffering.
9．Their sudden marriage is an unexpected (expect) incident to everyone.
10．After supper, I suggested going (go) for a walk.
Ⅱ.选词填空
so that， live in peace， respond to， protect ... from， in danger of， according to， in relief， pay attention to， burst into laughter， die out
1．You have several ways to respond_to this difficult question.
2．The Smiths were living_in_peace with the neighbours.
3．You are in_danger_of catching a cold if you don't take care of yourself.
4．That style of music died_out ten years ago.
5．He smiled in_relief after he heard the news that he had passed the exam.
6．Please pay_attention_to the difference between the two words.
7．Fill up the form according_to the instructions.
8．I will give you all the facts so_that you can judge for yourself.
9．Upon hearing the funny story, everybody burst_into_laughter.
10．Trees should be_protected_from the cold during winter.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1．世界上很多的物种正处于灭绝的危险中。
A_lot_of_species_in_the_world_are_in_danger_of_dying_out./A_great_many_species_in_the_world_are_at_the_edge_of_extinction.
2．看到那个滑稽的帽子，孩子们突然笑起来。
Seeing_the_funny_cap,_the_children_suddenly_laughed./Seeing_the_funny_cap,_the_children_burst_out_laughing/burst_into_laughter.
3．应该采取一些措施保护这条河不受污染。
Some_measures_should_be_taken_to_protect_the_river_from_being_polluted./Some_steps_should_be_taken_to_protect_the_river_from_being_polluted./Something_should_be_done_to_protect_the_river_from_being_polluted.
4．我们需要特别注意孩子们的精神健康。
We_need_to_pay_special_attention_to_children's_mental_health.
5．我们应该保护环境，以便我们的下一代会健康。
We_should_protect_the_environment_so_that_our_next_generation_will_be_healthy.
Ⅳ.多维演练
1．appreciate
(1)写出下列句中appreciate的含义
①His talents are greatly appreciated by the boss.欣赏
②I would appreciate it if you could turn the radio down.感激
③We didn't appreciate that he was badly ill.意识到
(2)单句语法填空
①I would appreciate it if you could have a talk with me face to face.
②I appreciate being_elected (elect) monitor of our class.
③Please accept this gift in appreciation (appreciate) of all you've done for us.
(3)补全句子
如果你能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议，我将不胜感激。(山东高考写作)
I_would_appreciate_it_if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
2．succeed
(1)单句语法填空
①Finally, I wish this year's English speech competition a great success.
②Nearly all of the young people interviewed believed that hard work was the key to success (succeed)．
③As far as I know, John succeeded Tom as chairman of the students' union.
④I am looking forward to a long and successful (success) partnership with him.
(2)补全句子
只要我们有追随梦想的热情，最终我们一定能成功。(2014·福建高考书面表达)
As long as we have the enthusiasm to follow our dream, we are_sure_to_succeed_at_last.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Laughter Yoga (大笑瑜伽) is one form of yoga. Madan Kataria, a doctor in Mumbai, India invented it. He believed that people had forgotten how to really laugh. Through his research he made an interesting discovery. The human mind does not know the difference between forced laughter and real laughter. Forced laughter can also lead to a feeling of happiness.
And then Kataria had the idea for a group of people who would laugh together. He gathered (聚集) a few of his friends together. They met in a public park in Mumbai. That small group grew and grew! And this is how people began to do Laughter Yoga. People doing Laughter Yoga usually meet together in a Laughter Club. Kataria's friends formed the first Laughter Club in 1995.
Today, there're over 5,000 Laughter Clubs in 53 countries. But what exactly do people do in a Laughter Club People in Laughter Yoga meetings usually do a series of exercises. The exercises include body movement, correct breathing, and of course, laughter! At the beginning of the meeting, people may have to force themselves to laugh. But by the end, everyone is usually laughing in a real way! Each meeting is a little different. But there are common exercises groups may do.
Experts say that the exercises help blood move around the body faster. They also say that Laughter Yoga helps people deal with the bad things in their lives. They say that a person may go into a Laughter Club meeting feeling sad, angry, or worried. But then, people act happy. After a time, forced laughter becomes real laughter. This is one reason why people may enjoy Laughter Yoga so much!
1．What did Kataria find out about laughter
A．People are often forced to laugh.
B．Forced laughter works as well as real laughter.
C．Forced laughter is more interesting than real laughter.
D．People refuse to use forced laughter to cheer them up.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The human mind ... feeling of happiness.”可知，Kataria发现强制性的笑和发自肺腑的笑一样都可以使人感到愉悦。
2．Before 1995, people did Laughter Yoga ________.
A．to make friends　　　　 B．in a public park
C．in a Laughter Club D．to laugh at each other
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They met in a public park in Mumbai”以及接下来描述“第一个大笑瑜伽俱乐部成立于1995年，到那时人们才开始在俱乐部练大笑瑜伽”可知，在1995年之前，人们是在公园练习大笑瑜伽的。
3．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A．the rapid development of Laughter Clubs
B．the importance of laughter in Laughter Yoga
C．common exercises people do in a Laughter Club
D．different feelings at the beginning and end of the meetings
解析：选C　段落大意题。第三段的主题句为“what exactly do people do in a Laughter Club”，再根据该段具体描述人们在大笑俱乐部进行的活动可知，C项符合题意。
4．According to experts, ________.
A．anyone can join in a Laughter Club
B．laughter is a very good form of exercise
C．Laughter Yoga makes blood move slowly
D．it takes a long time for people to be free of bad feelings
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中专家所说的“the exercises help blood move around the body faster”以及“helps people deal with the bad things in their lives”可推测，他们认为大笑是一种很好的锻炼形式。
Ⅱ.语法填空
The surprise party is very popular in America. Most people in America think __1__ is very exciting to have surprise parties for their good friends or family members. It is quite easy __2__ (plan) a surprise party when one's birthday is coming. Do you want to know __3__ a surprise party is like Look at the following example. It's night. Bob's wife asks him to go downstairs to the kitchen and bring her __4__ glass of milk. Bob walks to the kitchen and pushes the door open.There's no sound __5__ light there. Suddenly he hears a strange sound and then sees a bear __6__ (stand) in front of him! Bob is very scared and falls backwards. The bear takes off his costume. It's Bob's friend Charles! There __7__ (be) also several people behind Charles, including his wife. All of them say to Bob, “Surprise！！ Whoo！！” Bob is __8__ (puzzle), and he does not know what it is until his friends say “happy birthday” to him.
In fact, the surprise party has many kinds of __9__ (form). A successful surprise party always makes people feel surprised and excited. Everyone enjoys __10__ (they) at the party.
1．it　此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
2．to plan　It is easy to do sth. “做某事是容易的”，是固定句型。
3．what　引导宾语从句，在从句中作like的宾语，表示“什么样子”，故用what。
4．a　泛指“一杯牛奶”，用不定冠词a。
5．or　所用词连接两个并列成分，在否定句中用or。
6．standing　see ... doing sth.“看见……正在做某事”，故用动词的现在分词形式。
7．are　此处应与全文时态一致，用一般现在时；谓语动词的数与主语several people一致，故用are。
8．puzzled　作表语，说明人的感受，用动词puzzle的形容词形式。
9．forms　此处form是可数名词，前有many kinds of修饰，用复数。
10．themselves　enjoy oneself“玩得痛快”，是固定短语。Unit 4 Wildlife Protection Section Ⅱ Warming amp；Reading Language Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇1.lossn．　　　　　损失；遗失；丧失2.reliefn. (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除3.affectvt. 影响；感动；侵袭4.incomen. 收入5.decreasevi.&vt. 减少；(使)变小；或变少6.huntvt.&vi. 打猎；猎取；搜寻Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.protectionn．保护→protective adj.保护的；防护的→protect v．保护；防护2.respondvi.回答；响应；做出反应→response n．回答；回复3.distantadj.远的；远处的→distance n．距离4.mercyn．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯→merciful adj.仁慈的；宽大的；慈悲的→merciless adj.无情的；毫不怜悯的；残忍的5.certainadj.确定的；某一；一定→certainly adv.毫无疑问；当然→certainty n．确定/确实的事；确定(性)6.importancen．重要(性)→important adj.重要的；重大的7.powerfuladj.强大的；有力的→power n．权力；力量8.appreciatevt.鉴赏；感激；意识到→appreciation n．欣赏；鉴赏；感激；理解9.succeedvi.成功 vt.接替；继任→success n．成功→successful adj.成功的→successfully adv.成功地10.secureadj.安全的；可靠的→security n．安全11.employvt.雇用；利用→employment n．雇用；利用12.harmn．&vi.损害；危害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的 1.动词变名词：ve→f①relieve (v.解除；减轻)→relief (n.缓解；减轻)②believe (v.相信；信任)→belief (n.相信；信仰)2.对比记忆①contain v．　　　　　　包含②certain adj. 确定的③curtain n. 窗帘3.反义词聚焦①decrease (减少)→increase(增加)②bring (带来)→take (拿走)③harm (对……有害)→benefit (对……有益)④laugh (笑)→cry (哭)⑤succeed (成功)→fail (失败)4.“影响某人”的多种表达①affect sb.②have an effect on sb.③have an influence on sb.5.endanger vt.危害；使受到危险[记法]　词缀en ＋danger (危险)→endanger vt.[联想]　en 前缀动词小聚①able→enable 使能够②large→enlarge 扩大③rich→enrich使 充实；使丰富④courage→encourage 鼓励6.盘点“adj.＋ (t)y”构成的名词①certain→certainty 确定②difficult→difficulty 困难③cruel→cruelty 残酷；残暴④safe→safety 安全
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语 多积常用词块
1.die_out　　　　　　　灭亡；逐渐消失2．in_peace和平地；和睦地；安详地3．in_danger_(of) 在危险中；垂危4．in_relief如释重负；松了口气5．burst_into_laughter突然笑起来；大声笑了出来6．protect_..._from保护……不受……(危害)7．pay_attention_to注意8．be_concerned_about关心 1.long to do sth.　　　　　　渴望做某事2．wake up 醒来3．an endangered species 濒临灭绝的物种4．the importance of wildlife protection保护野生动植物的重要性5．a thick rainforest 茂密的热带雨林6．a secure income 一个可靠的收入7．be of great importance 非常重要的
三、这样记句式
先背熟 再悟通 后仿用
1.Please take me to a distant land where I can find ...请带我到一个遥远的地方，在那里我能找到…… where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a distant land。 I would like to live in a country where_there_is_plenty_of_sunshine.我想住在一个阳光充足的国家。
2.It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.它体现了野生生物保护的重要性，不过，我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。 ①as引导方式状语从句，意为“依照；按照”。②suggest此处意为“建议”，从句要用“(should＋)动词原形”表示虚拟语气。 ①The teacher asked you to do as_he_said.老师要你按照他说的去做。②To master Mandarin, I strongly suggest you (should)_practice_with_Chinese_people.(2015·四川高考书面表达)为了掌握普通话，我强烈建议你多与中国人一起练习。
1．(教材P25)If their habitat is threatened or they cannot find enough food, their numbers may decrease.
如果它们的栖息地受到威胁或是它们找不到足够的食物，它们的数量就会减少。
?decrease vi.&vt.减少；(使)变小；或变少n．减少；降低
(1)decrease to ...　　　　　　　 减少到……
decrease by ... 减少了……
decrease from ... to ... 从……减少到……
(2)on the decrease 正在减少
①The traffic accidents in the city decreased by 30% last year.
该城市去年交通事故减少了百分之三十。
②The number of new students in this school decreased_from 2,100 to 1,600 this year.
今年这所学校的新生人数从2 100减少到1 600。
③Because of human activities, the number of some rare animals is on_the_decrease.
由于人类活动，一些稀有动物的数目在减少。
[名师点津]　decrease的反义词increase的用法如下：
increase to　　　　　　　 增加(长)到……
increase by 增加(长)了……
on the increase 在增加
④The number of people buying houses in the countryside is on the increase.
在乡下买房子的人数正在增加。
2．(教材P25)As a result these endangered animals may even die out.
结果，这些濒危动物甚至会灭绝。
?die out 灭亡；逐渐消失；逐渐熄灭
die of　　　 因……而死(一般指死于内因，如疾病、
饥饿、情感原因等)
die from 因……而死(一般指死于外因，如外伤、
车祸、污染等)
die away (声音、风、光等)慢慢变弱；渐渐消失
die down (兴奋、火等)渐弱；渐息；平息
①This species has nearlydied out because its habitat is being destroyed.
因栖息地正受到破坏，这一物种已濒临灭绝。
②Many old customs have died_out because they are out of date.
因为已经过时，许多旧的习俗已经逐渐消失。
③The sound of the engine died_away as the car drove into the distance.
随着汽车向远方开去，发动机声渐渐消失。
3．(教材P25)not enough food: lossof bamboo growing areas
食物不足：竹子生长地缺乏
?loss n．损失；遗失；丧失
(1)make up for the loss　弥补损失
at a loss 不知所措；困惑
suffer a loss (of) 蒙受(……的)损失
(2)lost adj. 失去的；丧失的；迷惑的
be lost in 全神贯注于；沉浸于
①He was determined to try his best to make up for the loss.
他下定决心尽最大努力弥补损失。
②For a moment, Tom was at_a_loss how to respond to her question.
汤姆一时不知怎么回答她的问题。
③Lost in thought, he even didn't notice me when I entered the room.
由于陷入沉思，我进入房间的时候他甚至没有注意到我。
4．(教材P25)Wolong Nature Reserve, Sichuan Province
四川卧龙自然保护区
?reserve n．保护区v.保留；储备；预定
reserve sth. for ...　 为……预定/保留/储备某物
be reserved for ... 为……而预定/保留；留给……
①We should make an effort to build as manyreserves as possible to protect the animals in danger.
为保护濒危动物，我们应该努力建更多的保护区。
②I'd like to reserve a table for three for eight o'clock.
我想预定八点钟供三人用餐的桌位。
③The question must be_reserved_for further discussion.
这问题须留待进一步讨论。
5．(教材P25)too much huntingin the 1950s
20世纪50年代的过度猎杀
?huntv．&n.打猎；猎取；搜寻
(1)go hunting　　　　　　　 去打猎
(2)hunt for (＝search for) 搜索；追寻；寻找
hunt sp. for 为寻找……搜索某地
(3)be on the hunt for 正在寻找，在寻求中
①Weather permitting, we'll go hunting this Sunday morning.
如果天气允许，我们这周日上午要去打猎。
②As far as I know, she is still hunting for a new job.
＝As far as I know, she is still on_the_hunt_for a new job.
据我所知，她还在找新工作。
③I've hunted everywhere for my watch, but I can't find it.
我到处找我的手表，但就是找不到。
[名师点津]　“找；寻找”的多种表达法：
hunt for, look for, search for, (be) in search of。
6．(教材P25)Why are they in danger ofdisappearing
它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中？
?in danger of在危险中；垂危
(1)in danger　　　　　 有危险的；在危险中
out of danger 脱离危险
a danger to 对……有危险；对……是危险的人或物
(2)dangerous adj. 危险的
①If he carries on like this, he's in danger ofbeing removed by the company.
要是他继续这样下去，他就有被公司开除的危险。
② Police said the man was a danger to the public.
警方说该男子对公众是个危险人物。
③With the help of the man, the little girl is out_of_danger.
在这个人的帮助下，这个小女孩脱离了危险。
④The boy is in_danger because a dangerous (danger) tiger is running after him.
男孩处在危险中，因为一只危险的老虎在追赶他。
7．(教材P26)Daisy respondedimmediately. “I'd like to see some endangered wildlife，” she said.
戴茜立刻回答。“我想去看一些濒临灭绝的野生动植物。”
?respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应
(1)respond to　　　　　　 对……做出回应或反应
(2)response n. 回答，答复；反应
in response to 响应；答复
make (a) response to 回答，对……做出回应
①With the help of his teammate, the operator responded immediately to the accident.
在队友的帮助下，操作员对事故立刻做出了回应。
②He responded to my offer with a laugh.
他对我的提议报以大笑。
③She made no response (respond), which made me very angry.
她没有回答，这使我非常生气。
8．(教材P26)InreliefDaisyburst into laughter.
戴茜如释重负，突然笑了起来。
?relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物；缓解；宽慰
(1)in relief　　　　　　　　 如释重负
with relief 宽慰地
to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是
It is a relief to do sth. 做某事是一种解脱
(2)relieve vt. 救出；解脱；使脱离
relieve sb. of ... 帮助某人减轻……
①It was a great relief to find that my family were all safe.
发现我的家人都安然无恙，我感到极大的欣慰。
②I smiled in_relief after I heard my son had been admitted by Qinghua University.
听说我的儿子被清华大学录取了，我如释重负地笑了。
③To_her_relief,_her younger brother recovered quickly after operation.
让她感到欣慰的是，她弟弟手术后恢复得很快。
④Take the medicine, and you will be relieved ofyour pain.
吃了这些药，你就会减轻痛苦的。
?burst into＋n.突然(进入某种状态)；闯入
　 突然哭起来
突然大笑起来
(2)burst into anger 勃然大怒
①Our coach and teammates burst into laughterin relief after we won the match.
在我们赢得比赛后，教练和队友如释重负，突然笑了起来。
②Don't burst_into_my_room without knocking!
别不敲门就闯进我的房间！
③Once he burst into anger, he would throw anything at hand out of the window.
他一发火就把手边的任何东西都扔出窗外。
[名师点津]　表达“突然……起来”时，burst into后常接名词；burst out后接名词对应的v. ing形式。
9．(教材P26)Farmers hunted us without mercy.
农民们残忍地捕杀我们。
?mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯
(1)beg/ask for mercy　　　 乞求宽恕
对……怜悯或宽恕
(2)without mercy 残忍地；毫无同情心地
at the mercy of ... 任由……摆布或控制
①He was such a cruel man that he showed no/little mercy to others.
他是一个那么残酷的人以至于他对人毫无怜悯之情。
②At the mercy of the strong wind, the little trees on the top of the mountain couldn't stand up straight.
在强风肆虐中，山顶上的小树根本无法挺立。
③The mother asked the judge to have mercy on her son.
那位妈妈请求法官对她儿子开恩。
10．(教材P26)They allowed tourists to hunt only a certainnumber of animals if they paid the farmers.
如果游客付给农民钱的话，他们允许游客猎取一定数量的动物。
?certain adj.确定的；一定；某一；某些
(1)be certain
It's certain that ...　　　 一定……
(2)make certain of 搞清楚，弄明白
for certain 确定；无疑(＝for sure)
①She left him for a certainreason.
因为某种原因她离开了他。
②He is certain to_win (win) the match.
＝It is certain that he will win the match.
他肯定能赢这场比赛。
③You must make_certain_of the facts before writing the report.
在写报告前，你必须先弄清事实。
④I can't say for_certain when he will arrive.
我说不准他什么时候到。
[名师点津]　a certain等于some表示“某一”，后接可数名词单数。
11．(教材P26)“I'm protecting myself frommosquitoes，” it replied.
它回答说：“我这样做可以防止蚊子叮咬。”
?protect ...from ...保护……不受……(危害)
①He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.
他戴着太阳镜以挡强烈的阳光。
②We set up a wildlife reserve to protect animals from being_hunted (hunt)．
我们设立野生动物保护区，保护动物免受猎杀。
③What can we do to stop/prevent the disease spreading (spread)
我们能做什么来防止这种疾病蔓延呢？
12．(教材P26)It containsa powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.
它含有一种强效的药物，可以防止蚊子叮咬。
?contain vt.包含；容纳；容忍；控制
contain oneself　　　　 自我克制
container n. 容器
①I'm glad to find the book which contains all the information I need.
我很高兴找到了那本包含我所需要的一切信息的书。
②I was so angry that I couldn't contain_myself.
我太生气了，以至于无法克制自己。
[名师点津]　contain指某物装在比其更大的物体内，也指某物中含有某成份，而include指某物为整体的一部分或要素。
[语境串记]　Thecontainer contains many kinds of fruits, including apples/apples included.
容器中盛着各种水果，其中包括苹果。
?affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭
(1)affect sb./sth.　　　　　 影响某人/某事
be deeply affected by 被深深打动了
(2)effect n. 效应；影响；结果
have an effect on ... 对……有影响
①The noise from the coming and going cars of the road affected our study.
马路上来往车辆的噪音影响了我们的学习。
②Most people present at the meeting were_deeply__affected_by his speech.
出席会议的大多数人被他的演讲感动了。
③My parents' divorce had a great effect on me.
我父母的离婚给我带来了很大的影响。
13．(教材P26)You should paymoreattention tothe rainforest where I live and appreciatehow the animals live together.
你应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林中的动物是如何在一起生活的。
?pay attention to 注意
pay much attention to　　　 非常注意
pay more attention to 更多关注
pay little/no attention to 很少/不注意
①We shouldpay attention toprotecting the animals which have nearly died out.
我们应该注意保护濒临灭绝的动物。
②She is always paying_little_attention_to her own health.
她总是很少注意自己的身体健康。
③Much attention has been paid to protecting (protect) the environment.
人们对保护环境已投入很多关注。
[名师点津]　attention的相关短语
①catch/attract sb.'s attention　　 引起某人的注意
②draw/call sb.'s attention to sth. 使某人关注某事
③turn one's attention to 将注意力转向……
④fix/focus one's attention on 将注意力集中于
⑤devote one's attention to 专心致志于
?appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到
(1)appreciate one's doing sth.　　 感激某人做某事
I would appreciate it if/wh ... 要是……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激
①Many people can't fully appreciate the importance of regular exercise.
许多人没有充分认识到定期锻炼的重要性。
②I would_appreciate_it_if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
如果您能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议，我将不胜感激。
③I appreciate being_given (give) the chance to work in your company two years ago.
我感谢两年前你给我机会在你公司工作。
[名师点津]　appreciate后接动名词而不可用不定式作宾语，且不能以“人”作宾语。
14．(教材P27)What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed
要成功地保护好野生动物必须做什么？
?succeed vi.成功 vt.接替；继任
(1)succeed in (doing) sth. 　 在(做)某事上成功
succeed to ... 继承或接替……
succeed sb. as ... 继承某人做……
(2)success n. 成功
successful adj. 成功的
successfully adv. 成功地
①As long as you study hard, you will succeed sooner or later.
只要你努力学习，你迟早会成功的。
②He succeeded in passing (pass) the entrance examination and was admitted to Hong Kong University.
他成功地通过了入学考试，被香港大学录取了。
③As the old saying goes, “Failure is the mother of success (succeed)．”
常言道，失败是成功之母。
④That method of treatment was not successful (success) with the patient.
这种治疗方法对这个病人不成功。
15．(教材P27)Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals
他们可以被雇来在公园工作而不伤害动物吗？
?employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)
(1)employ/sb. as ...　　　　　 雇用某人作……
employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人做某事
(2)employer n. 雇用者；雇主；老板
employee n. 雇工；雇员
employment n. 职业；工作；使用
①Many local workers are employed in the tourism industry.
很多当地工人受雇于旅游业。
②A number of people have been employed to_deal (deal) with the work.
已雇一些人来处理这项工作。
③She has employed herself in protecting the endangered animals.
她忙于保护濒临灭绝的动物。
④A large company requires the employment (employ) of many people.
一个大公司需要雇用好多人。
16．(教材P27)What should be done to punish people who doharmto the animals
应该做些什么来惩罚那些伤害动物的人呢？
?harm n．& vt.损害；危害
(1)do harm to sb./sth. ＝do sb./sth. harm
　　　　　　　　　　　　　 对某人/某物有害
There is no harm in doing sth. 做某事无害
(2)harmful adj. 有害的
be harmful to 对……有害
harmless adj. 无害的
①Keep away from such things as you think will do you harm.
远离你认为对你有伤害的这样的事情。
②As is known to all, smoking does_harm_to health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
③There_is_no_harm_in saying sorry to her first.
对她先说对不起也无害。
④Too much noise is harmful (harm) to our health.
太多的噪音会损害我们的健康。
It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I'd like to help as the WWF suggests.
它体现了保护野生生物的重要性，不过我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议来帮助你们。
(1)句中as引导的是方式状语从句，as意为“像……那样；正如……”。
①Leave the things as they are.
别动这些东西。
②When in Rome, do as the Romans do.
(谚语)入乡随俗。
③We must do as the Party tells us (to do).
我们必须按照党的指示办事。
[名师点津]　as还可以引导非限制性定语从句，可以放在句首、句中或句末，常有“正如”之意。
④As_is_known_to_all,_China is a country with the largest population in the world.
众所周知，中国是世界上人口最多的国家。
(2)句中的suggest作动词，表示“提议；建议”，后面可以跟名词、代词、动名词和that从句作宾语。后跟that从句时，从句用虚拟语气，即谓语用“(should＋)动词原形”。
①Isuggested to him that he (should) join in the club activities.
我向他建议参加俱乐部的活动。
②I suggest going (go) out for a walk after supper.
我建议晚饭后出去散步。
[名师点津]　suggest作“暗示、表明”讲时，其后的宾语从句中不用虚拟语气。
③Jane's pale face suggested that she was (be) ill, and her parents suggested that she (should)_have (have) a medical examination.
简苍白的脸表明她生病了，她的父母建议她做体检。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Anne wouldn't write down a series of facts in her diary as most people do.
2．Enough attention should be paid to improving (improve) your pronunciation and intonation.
3．Many parents feel a sense of loss (lose) when their children leave home.
4．She lost her handbag, containing (contain) lots of money, while shopping. Luckily, an honest boy found it and returned it to her.
5．—What are you worried about
—Tom didn't respond to any of my calls.Something must have happened to him.
6．She was so amused with the magician's tricks that she burst into laughter (laugh)．
7．After the boat's motor failed, they were at the mercy of the weather.
8．It is certain that a certain Mr. Smith is asking for you.
9．Is crime on the decrease in this area
10．I'm busy, so I have to employ a housekeeper to_look (look) after my children.
11．These seats are reserved for old and sick people.
12．On Sunday I'll go hunting (hunt) together with my parents.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．I_would_appreciate_it (我将不胜感激) if you could come to my birthday party next Sunday evening.
2．When you enter the laboratory, you must do as_the_teacher_suggests (按照老师建议的)．
3．I never thought such a little child could succeed_in_dealing_with (成功地处理) such a difficult problem.
4．Much_to_her_relief (让她非常欣慰的是), her husband was out_of_danger (脱离危险)．
5．I hope you will pay_attention_to_this_problem (对此问题给予关注)．
6．I protected_my_eyes_from_the_sun (保护我的眼睛免于太阳晒) with my hand.
7．This species of tiger is decreasing in numbers every year and is_dying_out (快要灭绝了)．
8．She is_employed/employs_herself_in_making_a_list (忙于列清单) of all the things to be bought now.
9．Don't read in bed. It will do_harm_to/be_harmful_to (对……有损害) your eyes.
10．My English teacher has_a_great_effect_on_me/has_greatly_affected_me (对我有很大影响)．
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The doctor advised him to try to avoid foods which contain (含有) a lot of fat.
2．The boss employed (雇用) about 20 people to work for him yesterday.
3．We must let everyone know the importance (重要性) of environment protection.
4．On rainy days, umbrellas can provide us with protection (保护)．
5．People should decrease (减少) the amount of fat they eat.
6．Fruit juices can be harmful (有害的) to children's teeth.
7．An unhappy home environment can affect (影响) a child's behaviour.
8．The disease failed to respond (反应) to the new drugs the doctor applied.
9．China is getting more and more powerful (强大的) in the world.
10．It is certain (确定的；无疑的) that the earth goes around the sun.
11．The Internet and television make it possible for us to see a distant (遥远的) scene.
12．We really appreciate (感激) everything you've done for our daughter.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．Great attention must be paid to develop education, especially in the countryside.
develop→developing
2．I suggested he work out a new plan but he didn't respond it.respond后加to
3．I have to prepare food for seven people containing me.containing→including
4．It was great relief for him to find nothing had been stolen.great前加a
5．He is in danger losing his job because of an unexpected incident.danger后加of
6．We students should have mercy to the people in need.to→on
7．I'd appreciate if you can tell me how to learn English better.appreciate后加it
8．I'm trying to keep going crazy most days.keep后加from
Ⅲ.补全句子
1．Jack was in_danger_of_losing_his_life (有失去生命的危险) because of his serious heart disease.
2．We young people should do something we can to_keep/stop/prevent__the_sea_
from_being_polluted (阻止海洋受到污染)．
3．She suggested_staying_there (建议待在那里) another day.
4．I long_to_go_to_university (渴望去上大学) to learn more important and useful knowledge.
5．On hearing the funny words from her daughter, she_burst_into_laughter/burst
_out_laughing (她突然大笑起来).
6．Polluted air and water will do_harm_to/be_harmful_to_our_health (对我们身体健康有害)．
7．She tried to pay_attention_to_what_the_teacher_was_saying (注意老师在说什么).
8．As a matter of fact, your opinion will not affect_my_decision (影响我的决定)．
9．People around the world are hoping to_live_in_peace (平静地生活)．
10．The work was finished as_it_had_been_planed (按计划的那样)．
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Not long ago there was a girl 1.called (call) Daisy, who went to see the animals that gave fur to make her sweater 2.with the help of a flying carpet. In Tibet, she saw an antelope with a sad face looking at her, 3.who told her that they were killed for the wool that was taken from under their 4.stomachs (stomach). In Zimbabwe, the elephant Daisy saw said they were 5.endangered (danger) there. Farmers used to hunt them because they were considered 6.to_have_destroyed (destroy) the farms. Later, the government tried to help the farmers by asking the tour companies to bring 7.more (many) tourists to the area and setting the number of animals to be hunted, which brought the farmers a lot of incomes. As 8.a result, farmers started to protect them. In the thick rainforest, Daisy saw a monkey 9.rubbing (rub) an insect over his body to protect against mosquitoes. With all 10.her experience, Daisy had learned how to work with WWF to protect wildlife.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
过度捕杀(hunt)极大地影响(affect)了野生动物的数量。结果，一些动物灭绝(die out)了。有一些动物处境危险(in danger)。我们要保护野生动物免受(protect ... from ...)伤害(harm)，并与它们和平共处(live in peace)。政府已经关注(pay attention to)这个问题并采取了一系列措施。到目前为止，我们已经成功(succeed)阻止(prevent ... from ...)了这种状况的恶化。
Hunting too much affected the number of wild animals greatly. As a result, some animals have died out and others are in danger. We should protect wild animals from being harmed and live in peace with them. Fortunately, our government has paid attention to the situation and has taken a series of measures. So far, we have succeeded in preventing the situation from getting worse.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
A sailor (船员) in one of Christopher Columbus's three ships is eagerly (渴望地) looking for land. In the sailor's eagerness to __1__ land, he makes his __2__. He thinks that a cloud on the horizon (地平线) is land. The sailor, with great excitement, calls out, “__3__！”
Greatly excited, the rest of the ship's sailors run to the side quickly. They, too, __4__ eagerly out at the horizon. They are __5__ at the thought of land. They have __6__ nothing but a very large area of water for weeks.
As the ship moves forward, the sailor's mistake is made __7__. The “land” is nothing but a cloud. What do the others say to the sailor who made the __8__ call What do they say when it turns out that the “land” was only a moving cloud The sailors make a __9__. They say, “You just saw the dirt under the cooking __10__！” The response (答复) may not seem __11__ at all today, but it was a humorous response to the living conditions on __12__ long ago.
When Columbus __13__ from Spain in August 1492 across the Atlantic Ocean, he traveled in three small, wooden ships. The living conditions were __14__. Most of the sailors slept fully clothed under the stars on the hard decks (甲板). There were no bathrooms, __15__ there was not a __16__. Food had to be __17__ on the open deck at risk of __18__ the wooden ship. To prevent the ship from catching fire, the cook would always spread __19__ under the place where the cooking was done. The others would joke with a sailor who had wrongly __20__ he had discovered land. And they usually told him that what he had really seen was the dirt spread out by the cook for preventing fires!
1．A.discuss　　　　　　　 B．cover
C．describe D．find
解析：选D　根据上文的“looking for land”可知，那名船员渴望找到陆地。
2．A.trip B．mistake
C．promise D．decision
解析：选B　根据下文的“The ‘land’ is nothing but a cloud.”可知，船员将天边的云误以为是陆地。下文的“the sailor's mistake”为提示。
3．A.Cloud B．Sea
C．Land D．Sand
解析：选C　根据上文的“He thinks that a cloud on the horizon (地平线) is land.”可知，船员大呼“陆地”。
4．A.pick B．run
C．look D．shout
解析：选C　其他船员也都纷纷跑到船边，向远处的天边望去。
5．A.happy B．proud
C．calm D．patient
解析：选A　根据上文的“Greatly excited”和下一句可知，船上的船员一想到陆地都很兴奋、高兴。
6．A.enjoyed B．built
C．seen D．used
解析：选C　几个星期以来，船员除了大片的水域外没见过其他东西。
7．A.known B．understood
C．attractive D．popular
解析：选A　根据下文其他船员发现所谓的陆地其实是漂浮的云并开那名船员的玩笑可知，大家知道了那名误把云朵当作陆地的船员的错误。
8．A.long B．wrong
C．bad D．hard
解析：选B　参见上题解析。
9．A.choice B．joke
C．study D．fight
解析：选B　根据下文的“The others would joke with a sailor”可知，其他船员和那名船员开了一个玩笑。
10．A.book B．oil
C．room D．fire
解析：选D　根据下文的“To prevent the ship from catching fire ... under the place where the cooking was done.”可知，这句玩笑是：你只是看见了炊火下面的土。
11．A.strange B．clear
C．friendly D．funny
解析：选D　but后面的“it was a humorous response”与空处所在句构成对比，由此可知，这个笑话可能现在听上去不好笑。
12．A.ships B．planes
C．islands D．farms
解析：选A　根据文中的ships和sailors可知，故事发生在船上。
13．A.swam B．sailed
C．fell D．disappeared
解析：选B　根据下文的“he traveled in three small, wooden ships”可知，哥伦布是从西班牙经大西洋航行。
14．A.common B．dangerous
C．difficult D．comfortable
解析：选C　根据下文描写船员在甲板上和衣而睡以及缺乏一定的必要设施可知，船上的生活条件很艰苦。
15．A.but B．and
C．as D．so
解析：选B　“There were no”与“there was not”之间为并列关系。
16．A.radio B．bed
C．fridge D．kitchen
解析：选D　根据下文描写在甲板上做饭可知，船上没有厨房。
17．A.cooked B．frozen
C．eaten D．provided
解析：选A　根据下文的“To prevent the ship from catching fire”可知，船员冒着烧了木船的危险在甲板上生火做饭。
18．A.hitting B．stopping
C．burning D．moving
解析：选C　参见上题解析。
19．A.dirt B．water
C．food D．clothes
解析：选A　根据文章最后一句的“the dirt spread out by the cook for preventing fires”可知，厨师在灶火下铺土以防木船被烧毁。
20．A.written B．believed
C．remembered D．heard
解析：选B　那名船员错误地以为自己发现了陆地。
Ⅱ.短文改错
Last Sunday afternoon, I went to the zoo with Lily. There was lots of people there. I found a girl cry in the zoo. She was lost and she can't find her mother. We decided to help her. I try my best find the broadcasting station in the zoo. On the same time Lily played with her and looked after her careful there. The little girl stopped crying and played with Lily. At last his mother came. That made me feel very happily. I thought I really did a good thing. If everyone helps with each other, the world will become more beautiful.　
答案：第二句：was→were
第三句：cry→crying
第四句：can't→couldn't
第六句：try→tried; best后加to
第七句：On→At; careful→carefully
第九句：his→her
第十句：happily→happy
第十二句：去掉withUnit 4 Wildlife Protection Section Ⅳ Learning about Language amp；Using Language
ANIMAL EXTINCTION①Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth. The most famous of these animals are dinosaurs②. They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into beingand their future seemed secure at that time③. There were many different kinds of dinosaur and a number of④ them used to live in China. The eggs of twenty five species have been found in Xixia County, Nanyang, Henan Province. Not long ago a rare new species of bird like dinosaur was discovered in Chaoyang County, Liaoning Province. When scientists inspected⑤ the bones, they were surprised to find⑥that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees⑦. They learned this from the way the bones were joined together⑧.Dinosaurs died out⑨ suddenly about 65 million years ago. Some scientists think it came after an unexpected⑩incident when a huge rock from space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air. Others think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more. Nobody knows for sure why and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time . ①extinction/Ik'stI k n/n.灭绝；消亡extinct adj.不再存在的；已灭绝的；绝种的②dinosaur/'daIn s /n.恐龙③come into being形成；产生(相当于come into existence)long before远远早于……，long用在before前表示两个动作发生的时间相隔久远。④a number of“许多的；若干的”，后接可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。the number of“……的数量”，后接可数名词复数形式，谓语动词用单数形式。⑤inspect/In'spekt/vt.检查；视察⑥be surprised to do sth.吃惊地做某事(to do sth.是surprised的原因)⑦that引导宾语从句，从句中含有并列连词not only ... but also连接的并列谓语，即run与climb。⑧the bones ...是省略that的定语从句，修饰the way。⑨die out灭亡；逐渐消失⑩unexpected/ nIk'spektId/adj.没料到的；意外的 incident/'InsId nt/n.事件；事变，指小插曲；事件；冲突accident指意外事故 dust/d st/n.灰尘；尘土；尘埃dusty adj.多灰尘的 live on继续存在too hot for the dinosaurs to live on为“too＋adj.＋for sb./sth. to do sth.”结构，意为“对……来说，太……而不能……”。 for sure无疑地；确定地(＝for certain)，在句中作状语。 why and how共同引导宾语从句，作knows的宾语。
动物灭绝
[第1～2段译文]
从地球有史以来的这段漫长时期，许多动物都消失了。这些动物中最有名的是恐龙。千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。当时有许多不同种类的恐龙，其中有很多种类曾经生活在中国。25个种类的恐龙蛋是在河南省南阳西峡县发现的。不久前，在辽宁省的朝阳县新发现了一种罕见的、形状像鸟一样的恐龙。科学家们观察它们的骨头时，惊奇地发现这些恐龙不仅跟其他恐龙一样可以跑，而且还可以爬树。科学家们是根据恐龙骨骼的连接方式得知这些的。
恐龙大约在6 500万年前突然灭绝了。有些科学家认为恐龙灭绝是发生在一次意外事故之后，当时宇宙间一块巨石击中地球，因而在空气中扬起太多的尘土。另外一些科学家则认为，地球变得太热，因此恐龙无法在地球上生活了。没有人确切地知道恐龙是由于什么原因，又是怎样在这么短的时间里从地球上消失的。
　We know many other wild plants, animals, insects and birds have died out more recently. According to a UN report, some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years . The dodo is one of them. It lived on the Island of Mauritius and was a very friendly animal. Please listen to a story of the dodo and how it disappeared from the earth. according to按照；根据……所说，介词短语，后常跟名词或动名词作宾语。 some adv.大约，常用于数字前，相当于about。 in the last 500 years在过去的500年里，用作时间状语，相当于“over/during the past 500 years”，常与现在完成时连用。
　[第3段译文]
我们知道，近来许多其他的野生动植物、昆虫和鸟类也灭绝了。根据一份联合国的报告，在过去的500年里，大约有844种动植物已经消失。渡渡鸟就是其中的一种。它生活在毛里求斯岛上，是一种非常友好的动物。请听一个关于渡渡鸟的故事，看看它是如何从地球上消失的。
Step 1　True (T) or False (F)．
1．Most animals have died out during the long history of the earth.__F__
2．Dinosaurs are the most famous of the animals that have disappeared.__T__
3．There used to be many different kinds of dinosaurs on the earth.__T__
4．A rare species of bird like dinosaur could both run and climb trees.__T__
5．Now people know the reason why dinosaurs suddenly disappeared.__F__
Step 2　Read the text and choose the best answers.
1．According to the passage, what can we know about the dinosaurs
A．Dinosaurs were once the kindest animals on the earth.
B．They lived on the earth together with humans.
C．They died out for some unknown reasons.
D．It was the temperature that caused them to die out.
2．The bird like dinosaurs were discovered in ________.
A．Xixia County, Nanyang, Henan Province
B．Chaoyang County, Liaoning Province
C．Xixia County, Nanyang, Liaoning Province
D．Chaoyang County, Henan Province
3．How did scientists know that the bird like dinosaurs could run as well as climb trees
A．By studying their eggs.　 B．By studying their teeth.
C．By studying their bones. D．By guessing only.
答案：1～3　CBC
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇1.incidentn．　　　　事件；事变2.fierceadj. 凶猛的；猛烈的3.inspectvt. 检查；视察4.bitevt.&vi. 咬；叮；刺痛Ⅱ.拓展词汇1.extinctionn．灭绝；消亡→extinct adj.灭绝的2.unexpectedadj.没料到的；意外的→expected adj.预期的；预料的3.dustn．灰尘；尘土；尘埃→dusty adj.积满灰尘的4.disappearancen．消失→disappear vt.消失→appear v．出现；到场5.endingn．结局；结尾→endv．结束；终止 n．结束；末端；尽头6.faithfullyadv.忠诚地，忠实地→faithful adj.忠实的→faith n．信仰；忠实 1.bite的过去式和过去分词分别为：bit; bit/bitten 即把字母e去掉，常见还有：①hide→hid→hid/hidden　 ②slide→slid→slid2.名词＋后缀 y变为形容词①dust→dusty　　　　　　积满灰尘的②health→healthy 健康的③dirt→dirty 脏的④rain→rainy 有雨的⑤sun→sunny 阳光明媚的⑥cloud→cloudy 阴天的3.各类“事件”①accident　 多指偶然发生的不幸事件②incident 日常小事或不太重要的事件③event 主要指重要事件(国家的、社会的、边界的等)④affair 事务，外交大事等⑤happening 事件；意外事件⑥matter 事情；问题
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语 多积常用词块
1.come_into_being　　　　　　　形成；产生2．according_to按照；根据……所说3．so_that以至于；结果4．long_before很久以前5．used_to_... 过去常……6．not_only_..._but_also_...不仅……而且……7．for_sure确定无疑地8．a_number_of许多 1.an unexpected incident　　　一次意外事件2．in such a short time 在如此短的时间里3．too hot to live on 太热而无法生存4．in the last 500 years 在过去的500年里5．a very friendly animal 一种非常友好的动物6．as usual 像平时一样7．tens of millions years ago 千百万年前
三、这样记句式
先背熟 再悟通 后仿用
1.After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines goingbeneath their stomachs.过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。 “with＋n.＋doing”复合结构。 With time going_by,_we have built up a good relationship.随着岁月的流逝，我们建立了良好的关系。
2.This is the only home of the red Colobus monkey but there are very few left.这是红色疣猴的唯一栖息地，但是现在所剩无几了。 There be (no) ... left ...“(不)剩下……”。　 Hurry up, there_is_little_time_left for us to catch up with the last bus.快点，我们赶上最后一班车的时间不多了。
3.They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。 long before“很久以前”，引导时间状语从句。 This all happened long_before_you_came_here,_so it had nothing to do with you.这一切都发生在你来这儿很久以前，因此它和你无关。
4.It is a pity that in the story nobody helped the dodo.很遗憾在故事中没有人帮助渡渡鸟。 it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。 It's_a_pity_that you didn't pass the exam.你考试没及格真是遗憾
1．(教材P29)What should you do if you are being bittenby mosquitoes
如果你正在被蚊子叮咬，你应该做什么？
?bite (bit; bitten)v．咬；叮；刺痛
①The fierce shark bit him in the leg.
这条凶猛的鲨鱼咬了他的腿。
②Bitten (bite) twice, my friend dare not go to my home.
被咬过两次，我的朋友不敢去我家了。
③As the old saying goes, “Once bitten (bite), twice shy.”
常言道，“一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。”
[名师点津]　hit sb. in the face 打某人的脸， pat sb. on the head 拍某人的头， pat sb. on the shoulder 拍某人的肩膀。
2．(教材P30)They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.
千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。
?come into being 形成；产生
①No one knows for sure when such a custom came into being.
没有人确切知道这种风俗是什么时候形成的。
②The People's Republic of China came_into_being on October 1,1949.
中华人民共和国成立于1949年10月1日。
[名师点津]　come into being无被动语态，也不能用于进行时态。
3．(教材P30)When scientists inspectedthe bones, they were surprised to find that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb trees.
科学家们观察它们的骨头时，惊奇地发现这些恐龙不仅跟其他恐龙一样可以跑，而且还可以爬树。
?inspect vt.检查；视察
(1)inspect sb./sth. for sth.　 某事检查某人/某物
(2)inspection n. 查；视察
inspector n. 查员；视察者
①You should inspectthe car well before you buy it.
在买车之前，你应该仔细检查一番。
②It is said that an inspector will come to inspect our school, and he will judge our school according to his inspection.(inspect)
据说一位检查员将来视察我们学校，并根据他的视察情况来评判我们学校。
[巧学助记]
[词根]　spect(＝look)→[生词]
4．(教材P30)According to a UN report, some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.
根据一份联合国的报告，在过去的500年里，大约有844种动植物已经消失。
?according to按照；根据……所说
①According tothe latest survey, many animals have nearly died out.
根据最新的调查，许多动物濒临灭绝。
②He says that everything is going according_to_the_plan.
他说一切都在按计划进行。
③They are paid according_to how long they are employed.
他们的工资随雇用时间而定。
[名师点津]　according to用来引用出自他人或他处的消息，不能与me, my opinion或my point of view等连用。
5．so that ...以至于……，结果……；为了……，以便……
(1)引导目的状语从句，意为“为了……，以便……”，从句中常使用can/could/may/might/will/would/should等情态动词，从句之前不用逗号。
(2)引导结果状语从句，意为“以至于；结果”，从句中一般不用情态动词，从句前常有逗号。
①Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games so that they can win glory for their homeland.
许多运动员参加奥运会为的就是能为祖国赢得荣誉。
②I gave you a map so_that you wouldn't get lost!
为了你不会迷路，我给过你一张地图！
③It hadn't rained for a few months, so_that the crops were dried.
好几个月没有下雨了，以至于庄稼都干死了。
1．After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines goingbeneath their stomachs.
过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马，它们身上有一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。
with black and white lines going为“with＋n.＋doing”复合结构。with复合结构如下：
＋＋宾补
①She came to a river with green grass and red flowers on both sides.
她来到了一个两边长着红花绿草的小河边。
②With the boy leading (lead) the way, we had no difficulty in finding his home.
有这个男孩带路，我们找到他家没有困难。
③With the key lost (lose), he had to wait outside the door.
由于钥匙丢了，他只好在门外等。
④With so much work to_do (do), I have no time for a holiday.
有那么多工作要做，我没有时间去度假。
2．They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago, long beforehumans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.
千百万年前，恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多，当时它们的前景好像也很安全。
(1)句中long before意为“早在……之前；很早；很久以前”，该短语后可以接句子、名词、代词，也可以单独使用，在句中作状语。
①I knew Betty long before you got married to her.
早在你和贝蒂结婚之前，我就认识她了。
[名师点津]　before long不久之后，可指将来和过去，在句中作状语，但不可以引导从句。
②He had taught in this school long_before the war broke out, but before_long he had to leave the school.
在战争爆发之前，他早就在这个学校教书了，但不久他不得不离开学校。
(2)It is/was not long before ...不久就……
③It_was_not_long_before he came to help me.
不久他就来帮助我了。
(3)It will be long before ...要过很久才……
④It will be long beforewe arrive.
还要很久我们才能到达。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．According to our biology teacher, some people long to earn money by hunting wild animals.
2．With a lot of difficult problems to_settle (settle), the manager felt worried all the time.
3．John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job.
4．One of my shoes is_being_bitten (bite) by my little dog now.
5．It is a rule that our luggage should be_inspected (inspect) by customs officers.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．We are not sure when the universe came_into_being.
我们不确定宇宙是何时形成的。
2．According_to_the_teacher,_he fell far behind other students as a result of laziness.
据老师说，他很懒，所以他远远落后于其他同学。
3．Why don't you start out early so_that_you_don't_have_to_hurry
你为什么不早点出发以便你不用这么匆忙呢？
4．John received an invitation to dinner, and with_his_work_finished,_he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到了晚宴的邀请，由于完成了工作，他高兴地接受了。
5．It_wasn't_long_before we worked out the plan.
没过多久我们就把计划制订出来了。
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A cloud of dust (灰尘) rose in the air as the car ran past.
2．He faithfully (忠诚地) lived up to his promise.
3．People say that barking dogs don't bite (咬)．
4．He told me some of the funny incidents (事件) that happened during his journey to Europe.
5．I don't feel secure (安全的) when I am alone in the house.
6．The story has a surprising ending (结尾)．
7．That little boy was frightened by that fierce (凶猛的) dog.　
8．It's difficult to raise a family on a small income (收入)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
1．According_to the old story, he was the founder of Rome.
2．A new rule about smoking in public will come_into_being next month.
3．We'd like to arrive 30 minutes early so_that we can have time for a good rest.
4．He got ill long_before you came here.
5．I think he lives there but I can't say for_sure.
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．No matter how powerful (power) the enemy seems, we must fight against them to the end.
2．She must be feeling very lonely after the loss (lose) of her husband.
3．Do you think that work without rest will do harm to your health
4．I would appreciate it if you could help me with my English.
5．I think that a good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending (end)．
6．He told me not to_inspect (inspect) the machine without turning off the power.
7．It is of great importance (important) that you arrive on time.
8．A doctor's task is to work for the relief (relieve) of patient's suffering.
9．Their sudden marriage is an unexpected (expect) incident to everyone.
10．After supper, I suggested going (go) for a walk.
Ⅱ.选词填空
so that， live in peace， respond to， protect ... from， in danger of， according to， in relief， pay attention to， burst into laughter， die out
1．You have several ways to respond_to this difficult question.
2．The Smiths were living_in_peace with the neighbours.
3．You are in_danger_of catching a cold if you don't take care of yourself.
4．That style of music died_out ten years ago.
5．He smiled in_relief after he heard the news that he had passed the exam.
6．Please pay_attention_to the difference between the two words.
7．Fill up the form according_to the instructions.
8．I will give you all the facts so_that you can judge for yourself.
9．Upon hearing the funny story, everybody burst_into_laughter.
10．Trees should be_protected_from the cold during winter.
Ⅲ.翻译句子
1．世界上很多的物种正处于灭绝的危险中。
A_lot_of_species_in_the_world_are_in_danger_of_dying_out./A_great_many_species_in_the_world_are_at_the_edge_of_extinction.
2．看到那个滑稽的帽子，孩子们突然笑起来。
Seeing_the_funny_cap,_the_children_suddenly_laughed./Seeing_the_funny_cap,_the_children_burst_out_laughing/burst_into_laughter.
3．应该采取一些措施保护这条河不受污染。
Some_measures_should_be_taken_to_protect_the_river_from_being_polluted./Some_steps_should_be_taken_to_protect_the_river_from_being_polluted./Something_should_be_done_to_protect_the_river_from_being_polluted.
4．我们需要特别注意孩子们的精神健康。
We_need_to_pay_special_attention_to_children's_mental_health.
5．我们应该保护环境，以便我们的下一代会健康。
We_should_protect_the_environment_so_that_our_next_generation_will_be_healthy.
Ⅳ.多维演练
1．appreciate
(1)写出下列句中appreciate的含义
①His talents are greatly appreciated by the boss.欣赏
②I would appreciate it if you could turn the radio down.感激
③We didn'tappreciate that he was badly ill.意识到
(2)单句语法填空
①I would appreciate it if you could have a talk with me face to face.
②I appreciate being_elected (elect) monitor of our class.
③Please accept this gift in appreciation (appreciate) of all you've done for us.
(3)补全句子
如果你能给我一些关于如何解决这些问题的建议，我将不胜感激。(山东高考写作)
I_would_appreciate_it_if you can give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
2．succeed
(1)单句语法填空
①Finally, I wish this year's English speech competition a great success.
②Nearly all of the young people interviewed believed that hard work was the key to success (succeed)．
③As far as I know, John succeeded Tom as chairman of the students' union.
④I am looking forward to a long and successful (success) partnership with him.
(2)补全句子
只要我们有追随梦想的热情，最终我们一定能成功。(2014·福建高考书面表达)
As long as we have the enthusiasm to follow our dream, we are_sure_to_succeed_at_last.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Laughter Yoga (大笑瑜伽) is one form of yoga. Madan Kataria, a doctor in Mumbai, India invented it. He believed that people had forgotten how to really laugh. Through his research he made an interesting discovery. The human mind does not know the difference between forced laughter and real laughter. Forced laughter can also lead to a feeling of happiness.
And then Kataria had the idea for a group of people who would laugh together. He gathered (聚集) a few of his friends together. They met in a public park in Mumbai. That small group grew and grew! And this is how people began to do Laughter Yoga. People doing Laughter Yoga usually meet together in a Laughter Club. Kataria's friends formed the first Laughter Club in 1995.
Today, there're over 5,000 Laughter Clubs in 53 countries. But what exactly do people do in a Laughter Club People in Laughter Yoga meetings usually do a series of exercises. The exercises include body movement, correct breathing, and of course, laughter! At the beginning of the meeting, people may have to force themselves to laugh. But by the end, everyone is usually laughing in a real way! Each meeting is a little different. But there are common exercises groups may do.
Experts say that the exercises help blood move around the body faster. They also say that Laughter Yoga helps people deal with the bad things in their lives. They say that a person may go into a Laughter Club meeting feeling sad, angry, or worried. But then, people act happy. After a time, forced laughter becomes real laughter. This is one reason why people may enjoy Laughter Yoga so much!
1．What did Kataria find out about laughter
A．People are often forced to laugh.
B．Forced laughter works as well as real laughter.
C．Forced laughter is more interesting than real laughter.
D．People refuse to use forced laughter to cheer them up.
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The human mind ... feeling of happiness.”可知，Kataria发现强制性的笑和发自肺腑的笑一样都可以使人感到愉悦。
2．Before 1995, people did Laughter Yoga ________.
A．to make friends　　　　 B．in a public park
C．in a Laughter Club D．to laugh at each other
解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They met in a public park in Mumbai”以及接下来描述“第一个大笑瑜伽俱乐部成立于1995年，到那时人们才开始在俱乐部练大笑瑜伽”可知，在1995年之前，人们是在公园练习大笑瑜伽的。
3．Paragraph 3 is mainly about ________.
A．the rapid development of Laughter Clubs
B．the importance of laughter in Laughter Yoga
C．common exercises people do in a Laughter Club
D．different feelings at the beginning and end of the meetings
解析：选C　段落大意题。第三段的主题句为“what exactly do people do in a Laughter Club”，再根据该段具体描述人们在大笑俱乐部进行的活动可知，C项符合题意。
4．According to experts, ________.
A．anyone can join in a Laughter Club
B．laughter is a very good form of exercise
C．Laughter Yoga makes blood move slowly
D．it takes a long time for people to be free of bad feelings
解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中专家所说的“the exercises help blood move around the body faster”以及“helps people deal with the bad things in their lives”可推测，他们认为大笑是一种很好的锻炼形式。
Ⅱ.语法填空
The surprise party is very popular in America. Most people in America think __1__ is very exciting to have surprise parties for their good friends or family members. It is quite easy __2__ (plan) a surprise party when one's birthday is coming. Do you want to know __3__ a surprise party is like Look at the following example. It's night. Bob's wife asks him to go downstairs to the kitchen and bring her __4__ glass of milk. Bob walks to the kitchen and pushes the door open.There's no sound __5__ light there. Suddenly he hears a strange sound and then sees a bear __6__ (stand) in front of him! Bob is very scared and falls backwards. The bear takes off his costume. It's Bob's friend Charles! There __7__ (be) also several people behind Charles, including his wife. All of them say to Bob, “Surprise！！ Whoo！！” Bob is __8__ (puzzle), and he does not know what it is until his friends say “happy birthday” to him.
In fact, the surprise party has many kinds of __9__ (form). A successful surprise party always makes people feel surprised and excited. Everyone enjoys __10__ (they) at the party.
1．it　此处应用it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。
2．to plan　It is easy to do sth. “做某事是容易的”，是固定句型。
3．what　引导宾语从句，在从句中作like的宾语，表示“什么样子”，故用what。
4．a　泛指“一杯牛奶”，用不定冠词a。
5．or　所用词连接两个并列成分，在否定句中用or。
6．standing　see ... doing sth.“看见……正在做某事”，故用动词的现在分词形式。
7．are　此处应与全文时态一致，用一般现在时；谓语动词的数与主语several people一致，故用are。
8．puzzled　作表语，说明人的感受，用动词puzzle的形容词形式。
9．forms　此处form是可数名词，前有many kinds of修饰，用复数。
10．themselves　enjoy oneself“玩得痛快”，是固定短语。