Unit 1 Cultural relics Section Ⅰ Warming amp；Reading Pre-reading
Every year, the World Heritage Committee chooses natural and cultural places around the world that have global (全球的) importance. They name these places World Heritage Sites. When a place becomes a World Heritage Site, it can receive money from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) to help protect it.
But even when a place is an official World Heritage Site, it can still be at risk. Every year, the World Heritage Committee looks at World Heritage Sites that could be in danger. From these, they decide which places they will put on their official List of World Heritage in Danger.
There are many reasons a World Heritage Site becomes endangered. For example, places can become endangered through natural ecological (生态的) damage. Over time, wind and water can break down natural areas.
Another risk to natural areas around the world is climatechange (气候变化). For example, rising temperatures affect the Sagarmatha National Park. In the park stands Mount Everest, the world's tallest mountain. Beautiful ice glaciers on the topof the mountain are now melting. It also affects the local plants and animals.
Much of the risk to World Heritage Sites comes from human acts. Abu Mena is an ancient Christian city in Egypt. It is a historical site made of many old stone buildings. Abu Mena was listed as a World Heritage Site in 1979. Recent farming projects in the area caused underground water levels to rise. This makes the ground unstable (不稳定的). Some of the buildings of Abu Mena fell. The Egyptian government put sand at the base of some of the buildings. But the site is still in danger.
Section_ⅠWarming_Up_&_Reading_—_Pre-reading
IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM
Frederick William Ⅰ①， the King of Prussia②， could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing③ history④. This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it⑤. The amber which was selected⑥ had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey⑦. The design⑧ of the room was in the fancy⑨style⑩ popular in those days. It was also a treasure decorated? with gold and jewels?， which took the country's best artists? about ten years to make?.
In fact, the room was not made to be a gift. It was designed for? the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber roombelonged?， decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return?， the Czar? sent him a troop? of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg?. About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors.
①Frederick William Ⅰ/'fredrIk 'wIlj?m e?'fз?st/腓特烈·威廉一世(普鲁士国王)
②Prussia /'pr???/n．(史)普鲁士
③amazing/?'meIzI?/adj.令人吃惊的
amaze/?'meIz/vt.使吃惊；惊讶
④could never have done 绝不可能做过(用于对过去情况的推测)；that引导宾语从句，作imagined的宾语。
⑤which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰the Amber Room；其中又包含一个because引导的原因状语从句。
⑥select/sI'lekt/vt.挑选；选择
⑦honey/'h?nI/n．蜜；蜂蜜
⑧design/dI'zaIn/n．设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思
⑨fancy/'f?nsI/adj.奇特的；异样的 vt.想象；设想；爱好
⑩style/staIl/n．风格；风度；类型
in the fancy style 以奇特的风格
?decorate/'dek?reIt/v．装饰；装修
decorate ... with 用……装饰/装修
?jewel/'d?u??l/n. [C]珠宝；宝石
jewellery n. [U]珠宝(总称)
?artist/'ɑ?tIst/n．艺术家
?过去分词短语decorated with ...作后置定语，修饰a treasure; which引导非限制性定语从句，对a treasure起补充说明的作用。
?be designed for 为……而设计
?belong/bI'l??/vi.属于；为……的一员
belong to属于，无进行时态和被动语态。
to whom ... 是to whom引导的非限制性定语从句。
?in return 作为报答；回报 ?Czar /zɑ?/n．沙皇
?troop/tru?p/n．群；组；军队，a troop of 一群；一组
?St Petersburg /s?nt 'pi?t?zb??g/n．圣彼得堡
serve as 充当
reception/rI'sep?n/n．接待，reception hall 接待厅
寻找琥珀屋
[第1～2段译文]
普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为建造它用了好几吨的琥珀。选出来的琥珀色彩漂亮，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。琥珀屋的设计采用了当时流行的奇特的建筑式样。它也是一件用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批这个国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约10年的时间才把它完成。
事实上，这个琥珀屋并不是作为礼物来建造的。它是为腓特烈一世的宫殿而设计(制作)的。然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。在1716年，他把琥珀屋送给了彼得大帝。作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。这样，琥珀屋就成了沙皇在圣彼得堡冬宫的一部分。这间琥珀屋长约4米，被用作接待重要来宾的小型会客室。
Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it. In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted. Almost six hundred candles lit the room, and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly, although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing.
In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg. This was a time when the two countries were at war. Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. However, some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself. Inless than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes. There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for K?nigsberg， which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea. After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.
Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace. By studying old photos of the former Amber Room, they have made the new one look like the old one. In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city.
Catherine Ⅱ/'k?θ?rIn e?'sek?nd/ 叶卡捷琳娜二世
句中the way也可理解为as，表示“正如；按照”。
lit v．点亮；照亮(light的过去式)
wonder n. [C]奇迹；奇观；奇事
missing adj.消失的；不见的
when为关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词a time，此处when相当于at/during which。
at war 处于交战状态
remove/rI'mu?v/vt.移动；搬开
furniture n．家具(总称)，为不可数名词，可用a piece of/an article of(一件), much, little等修饰。
less than 少于 wooden/'w?dn/adj.木制的
doubt/da?t/n．怀疑；疑惑 vt.怀疑；不信
K?nigsberg/'k??nIsb??g/n．哥尼斯堡
the Baltic Sea/'b??ltIk 'si?/波罗的海
what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语。
remain link-v.保持；继续；依然，其后常接名词或形容词作表语。
mystery/'mIstrI；US 'mIst?rI/n．神秘；神秘的事物
former/'f??m?/adj.以前的；从前的
when they ... 是when引导的时间状语从句，不是定语从句。
[第3～5段译文]
后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。她叫她的工匠增添了更多精细的装饰。1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。将近600支蜡烛照亮了这个房间，里面的镜子和图画就像金子一样闪闪发光。可悲的是，尽管琥珀屋被认为是世界上的奇迹之一，可是现在它却消失了。
1941年9月，纳粹德国的军队逼近圣彼得堡。这是在两国交战的时期。在纳粹分子到达夏宫之前，俄罗斯人能够把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件艺术品搬走。可是琥珀屋本身却被一些纳粹分子偷偷地运走了。在不到两天的时间里，10万个部件被装进了27个木箱。毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时在波罗的海海边的一个德国城市。从那以后，琥珀屋发生了什么仍然是一个谜。
近来，俄罗斯人和德国人已经在夏宫建起了一个新的琥珀屋。通过研究琥珀屋原来的照片，他们建造的新琥珀屋看起来和旧的很像。2003年，圣彼得堡人民就用它来庆祝该市建成300周年。
Pre-reading
Please match the words with their proper meanings.
1．rare A．使吃惊；惊讶
2．valuable B．设计；构思；图案
3．survive C．移动；搬开
4．amaze D．稀罕的；罕见的；珍贵的
5．select E．装饰；装修
6．design F．贵重的；有价值的
7．fancy G．怀疑；疑惑；不信
8．decorate H．幸免；幸存；生还
9．doubt I．挑选；选择
10．remove J．奇特的；想象；设想
1～5 ____________ 6～10 ____________
答案：1～5 DFHAI 6～10 BJEGC
Lead-in
Do you know these cultural relics? Match them with the pictures and write down the countries they belong to.
Name
Picture
Country
1.The Potala Palace, Lhasa
F
China
2.The Leaning Tower of Pisa
B
Italy
3.The Site of Olympia
D
Greece
4.The Eiffel Tower
A
France
5.The Stonehenge
C
Britain
6.The Taj Mahal
E
India
While-reading
Fast-reading
Skim the text and complete the following questions.
1．What's the main idea of the text?
A．The Amber Room is the eighth wonder of the world.
B．How was the Room created and missing and the way that people looked for the Amber Room.
C．The Amber Room was lost during the war and never to be found again.
D．The life of Frederick William Ⅰ.
答案：B
2．Match the main idea of each part.
Para. 1 A．changes about the owners of the Amber Room
Para. 2 B．the rebuilding of the Amber Room
Para. 3 C．the introduction of the Amber Room
Para. 4 D．the missing of the Amber Room
Para. 5 E．the improvement of the Amber Room
Para. 1—__C__ Para. 2—__A__ Para. 3—__E__ Para. 4—__D__ Para. 5—__B__
Careful-reading
(Ⅰ)True (T) or False (F)．
1．The Amber Room has a strange history.__T__
2．The Amber Room was first built to be a gift.__F__
3．The Amber Room as well as its contains was stolen by the Nazi army.__F__
4．No one has seen the Amber Room since it was put on a train for K?nigsberg.__T__
5．Frederick William Ⅰ gave the Amber Room to Peter the Great in order to get a troop of his best soldiers.__F__
(Ⅱ)Read the text carefully and choose the best answers.
1．The King of Prussia who gave the Amber Room as a gift to Russia was ________.
A．Frederick Ⅰ B．Frederick William Ⅰ
C．Peter the Great D．Catherine Ⅱ
2．In 1941, the city of K?nigsberg belonged to ________.
A．Germany B．Russia
C．Sweden D．France
3．From the last paragraph, we can infer that________.
A．the Russians and Germans don't think the Amber Room will be found some day
B．a new Amber Room has been built in St Petersburg, Russia
C．both the Russians and Germans have built new Amber Rooms in their own countries
D．the city of St Petersburg was built in 1705
4．The author introduces the Amber Room in the order of ________.
A．time B．space
C．importance D．logic
答案：1～4 BABA
Study-reading
Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.
1．Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
2．This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.
[句式分析]
[尝试翻译] 这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为建造它用了好几吨的琥珀。
3．It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country's best artists about ten years to make.
[句式分析] 本句是复合句，which引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是 a treasure，引导词在定语从句中作主语。decorated with gold and jewels 是过去分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句 which was decorated with gold and jewels。
[尝试翻译] 它也是一件用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批这个国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约10年的时间才把它完成。
4．There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for K?nigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
[句式分析] There is no doubt 为主干句，其后的that the boxes were then put on a train for K?nigsberg为that引导的同位语从句， which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea为非限制性定语从句，修饰K?nigsberg。
[尝试翻译] 毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时在波罗的海海边的一个德国城市。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jamie Oliver, a lively British guy, loves to share his secrets. In his first television show, TheNakedChef, Oliver taught everyone to make simple but delicious food. In Jamie'sKitchen, he taught young people how to prepare meals. His next show, Jamie'sSchoolDinners, is about changing the food that students eat.
Oliver saw that some schools in Britain were serving junk food — food that is easy to eat but unhealthy. Although it can be delicious, junk food is not very good for children. It is sometimes bad for their health, because it doesn't give them the energy they need at school. They sometimes can't think well or feel down, and they sometimes put on weight.
Some of the junk food that Oliver wants to change is canned spaghetti, chicken nuggets, French fries, soda, and muffins. He encourages schools to serve fresh and healthy meats, vegetables, and fruits. He helps the school cooks to make healthy dinners without junk food.
People liked Oliver's idea of bringing quality food to schools. Thousands enjoyed his television show. But Oliver wanted them to do more than just watch. At his FeedMeBetter website, he collected over 270,000 signatures (签名) from people.Oliver sent these signatures to British Prime Minister (首相) Tony Blair. Then Blair promised to help change the school kitchens, teach school cooks to make healthy food, and spend more on school dinners. Thanks to Jamie Oliver, my children will be able to enjoy more healthy meals at school.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者主要讲述了Jamie Oliver为孩子们的饮食健康所做出的努力。
1．What are Jamie Oliver's secrets about?
A．Cooking and eating.
B．How to be a good cook.
C．Exercising and sleeping.
D．Where to buy healthy food.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第一段中的“make simple but delicious food”， “how to prepare meals”和“changing the food that students eat”可知，A项说法正确。
2．Which of the following may Oliver like best?
A．Muffins. B．Bananas.
C．French fries. D．Chicken nuggets.
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第三段中的“Some of the junk food ... chicken nuggets, French fries, soda, and muffins.”和“He encourages ... fruits.”可知，Oliver最有可能喜欢香蕉，故选B项。
3．Why were over 270,000 signatures collected?
A．To put healthy food in schools.
B．To keep school kitchens cleaner.
C．To lower food prices in schools.
D．To collect money for poor children.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Oliver sent these signatures ... spend more on school dinners.”可知，Oliver收集这么多签名是为了让首相帮助其改善学校里的饮食健康状况，故选A项。
4．Who might be the author of the text?
A．A student. B．Tony Blair.
C．A parent. D．Jamie Oliver.
解析：选C 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Thanks to Jamie Oliver, my children will be able to enjoy more healthy meals at school.”可知，本文作者可能是一位家长，故选C项。
B
The Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
The Hawaii Volcanoes (火山) National Park, on the island of Hawaii, has two active volcanoes: Mauna Loa, which last erupted (喷发) in 1984, is 13,677 feet (4.17 km) above sea level; Kilauea is next to Mauna Loa and it has been erupting since January 3rd, 1983. It is 4,190 feet (1.23 km) above sea level.
When to visit
The park is open 24 hours a day all year round. There are no plants or trees on the lava (火山岩) fields and no protection from the sun, so you must bring sunscreen (防晒霜)．
How to get there
The best way to get to the park is to take Highway 11. From the airport at Hilo, Highway 11 will take you southward across the eastern part of the island.
Things to see
If you want to know more about the park, the Kilauea Visitor Center is surely a stop to make. It is a quarter of a mile (402 m) from the park entrance. There, you can see a great movie about real lava and learn about the island's natural and cultural history. The center is open from 7：45 a．m. to 5：00 p．m. There are also many guided walks and hikes (徒步旅行) around the park. You must check weather conditions and volcanic activity before hiking alone. If possible, you may drive down Chain of Craters Road to see lava flowing into the ocean.
Tickets
Entrance to the park is $10.00 for each vehicle, $5.00 for those who travel on foot or ride a bicycle. Children under the age of 15 are free.
5．Different from Mauna Loa, Kilauea ________.
A．will disappear soon B．is closed to visitors
C．erupts more often D．is much bigger
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Mauna Loa, which last erupted (喷发) in 1984”和“Kilauea ... has been erupting since January 3rd, 1983”可知，Kilauea 火山喷发更加频繁，故选C项。
6．The Kilauea Visitor Center ________.
A．offers all kinds of movies
B．is next to the park entrance
C．is open for 8 hours every day
D．introduces visitors to the park
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第四段中的“If you want to ... a stop to make.”和“There, you can ... learn about the island's natural and cultural history.”可知，D项说法正确。
7．If a family of three drives a car into the park, they need to pay ________.
A．$5.00 B．$10.00
C．$15.00 D．$20.00
解析：选B 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Entrance to the park is $10.00 for each vehicle”可知，一家三口开车的话，进入公园只需付十美元，故选B项。
8．The text is most probably taken from ________.
A．a geography textbook
B．a newspaper report
C．a travel magazine
D．a research paper
解析：选C 推理判断题。由文中的When to visit, How to get there和Tickets等信息可知，本文很可能选自一本旅行杂志，故选C项。
C
The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵) is considered to be one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and the finest example of the late style of Indian architecture (建筑). It is at Agra in northern India. It lies beside the River Jumma in the middle of gardens with quiet pools.
The Taj Mahal was built by the Mogul emperor (皇帝) Shah Jehan, who ruled India in the seventeenth century. It is in memory of his favorite wife, Arjumand Banu Bagam, known as Mumtaz Mahal, who died in 1631. The building, which was completed between 1632 and 1638, was designed by a local Muslim architect (建筑师), Ustad Ahmad Lahori. The whole building, with gardens and gateway structures, was completed in 1643. The Taj Mahal stands at one end of the garden tomb with marble (大理石) path. The room is softly lighted by the light that passes through double screens of carved marble set high in the walls. The building now is kept in good condition.
It took 22 years to build the Taj Mahal. Shah Jehan planned a similar building, but in black instead of white, to lie on the other side of the river. But before it could be built, Shah Jehan was imprisoned (监禁) by his son and buried next to his wife in the Taj Mahal.
9．The Taj Mahal was built for ________.
A．Mumtaz Mahal B．Shah Jehan
C．either Mumtaz or Shah D．both Mumtaz and Shah
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is in memory of his favorite wife ... known as Mumtaz Mahal”可知应选A。
10．Why do you think Shah Jehan was buried next to his wife?
A．His own tomb hadn't been built.
B．He hoped to be buried there.
C．King and Queen should be buried together.
D．He liked Mumtaz all his life.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据该文最后一段最后一句可知，Shah Jehan的坟墓还没有被建好，他就被儿子监禁了，只好埋在他妻子的旁边，故选A。
11．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．why the Taj Mahal was built
B．the love story between Shah and Mumtaz
C．some information about the Taj Mahal
D．the Taj Mahal — the pride of Indians
解析：选C 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述有关泰姬陵的一些信息，故答案为C。
12．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．the Taj Mahal looks more beautiful than before
B．the Taj Mahal doesn't exist now
C．the Taj Mahal has completely changed
D．the Taj Mahal has become a place of interest
解析：选D 推理判断题。其他三项的信息文中并没有提到或涉及，用排除法可选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
In the world nothing is more important than health. If people took away our money, houses, cars, or even our clothes, we could still survive. __1__ Then how can we keep healthy?
First of all, we should eat healthily. I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies, which are junk food. __2__ I only eat little meat. __3__ It helps us build a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy. In addition, I think friends are an important part of one's health. __4__ I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. It is good to stay with my friends.
By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. __5__
A．But if our health were taken away, we could surely die.
B．Some people appear fat because they often eat too much.
C．I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep fit.
D．Many studies show that people with few friends often get sick.
E．There are some people who like staying alone, but they keep healthy.
F．What's more, taking exercise is very important.
G．I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruits which are full of vitamins.
答案：1～5 AGFDC
课件31张PPT。Unit 1 Cultural relics Section Ⅱ Warming amp；Reading Language Points
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.dynastyn． 朝代；王朝
2.fancyadj. 奇特的；异样的
vt. 想象；设想；爱好
3.stylen. 风格；风度；类型
4.removevt. 移动；搬开
5.formeradj. 以前的；从前的
6.worthprep. 值得的；相当于……的价值
n. 价值；作用
adj. [古]值钱的
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.culturaladj.文化的→culture n．文化；文明
2.rareadj.稀罕的；稀有的；珍贵的→rarely adv.稀少地；罕见地
3.valuableadj.贵重的；有价值的→value n．价值 vt.估价；重视→valueless adj.无价值的；不值钱的
4.survivevi.幸存；幸免；生还→survival n．幸免；幸存；生还→survivor n．幸存者；生还者
5.amazevt.使吃惊；惊讶→amazingadj.令人吃惊的→amazed adj.吃惊的；感到惊讶的
6.selectvt.挑选；选择→selection n．挑选；选择
7.designn．&vt.设计；图案；构思→designer n．设计者；设计师
8.decoratev．装饰；装修→decoration n．装饰；装修
9.artistn．艺术家→art n．艺术；艺术品
10.woodenadj.木制的→wood n．木头；木材
1.former adj.从前的；以前的
[记法] form (v.形成) ＋er
[反义] latter adj.后者的；后面的
[串记] He came up with two suggestions. The latter seems much better than theformer.
2.remove vt.移动；搬开
[记法] re-(再)＋move (移动)
[联想] re-开头词汇总
①recite vt.背诵 ②rewrite vt.重写
③remain vt.&vi.仍然是 ④repair vt.修理；修补
⑤repeat vt.重说 ⑥request vt.要求
3.amazing adj.令人吃惊的
[记法] 动词的v.-ing 形式表示“令人……的”，通常修饰物；v.-ed形式表示“感到……的”，通常修饰人。
[联想] 情绪词荟萃
①exciting(令人激动的)→excited(感到激动的)
②surprising(令人惊异的)→surprised(感到惊异的)
③worrying(令人担心的)→worried(感到担心的)
④disappointing(令人失望的)→disappointed(感到失望的)
4.decorate v．装饰；装修
[记法] decorate＋-ion(后缀)→decoration
[联想] -ion后缀名词小聚
①educate v．教育→education n．教育
②produce v．生产→production n．生产；产量
③pollute v．污染→pollution n．污染
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1.in_search_of 寻找
2.belong_to属于
3.in_return作为报答；回报
4.at_war处于交战状态
5.less_than少于
6.look_into调查
7.serve_as充当
8.by_design故意
1.have such an amazing history 有这么令人惊讶的历史
2.add ... to ... 往……加/增添
3.light the room 照亮房间
4.remain a mystery 仍旧是个谜
5.get lost 丢失
6.a small reception hall 小型会客室
7.take sb. some time to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事
8.be ready for 为……做准备
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.Later, Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room movedto a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.
后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
had the Amber Room moved为have sth. done结构，意为 “使某事被做”。
Claire had_her_luggage_checked an hour before her plane left.
克莱尔在飞机起飞一小时前对行李进行了安检。
2.In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.
1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。
the way 后省略了that 或in which的定语从句。
I don't like the way you_treat_your_parents.
我不喜欢你对待你父母的方式。
3.There is no doubt thatthe boxes were then put on a train for K?nigsberg ...
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡……
There is no doubt that ... 意为“毫无疑问……”。
There_is_no_doubt_that we will select the best players to take part in the coming Olympic Games.
毫无疑问，我们会选出最优秀的运动员来参加即将到来的奥运会。
4.After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.
从那以后，琥珀屋发生了什么仍然是一个谜。
what引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。
What our parents said is always right.
我们父母说的往往是对的。
1．(教材P1)Is it enough to havesurvived for a long time?
能存活很长一段时间就可以了吗？
?survivevi.幸免；幸存；生还 vt.在……之后仍然生存
(1)survive sth. 幸免于；从……中挺过来/
活过来
A survive B (by ... ) A比B活得长……
survive on 依靠……生存下来
survive from ... 从……存活下来，流传下来
(2)survivorn. 幸存者
survival n. [U]幸存；[C]残存物
①After the traffic accident, no one survived except a girl who was badly injured.
交通事故之后，除了一个受伤严重的女孩没有一人幸存。
②As a matter of fact, she survived her husband by five years.
事实上，她比她丈夫多活了5年。
③Some interesting customs have_survived_from ancient times.
一些有趣的风俗已经从古代保留了下来。
④After he survived the earthquake, the old man became one of the few survivors of the family and his survival made his old friends very happy.(survive)
这位老人在地震中幸存下来之后，他成了这个家庭中少数幸存者之一，他的幸存使他的老朋友们很高兴。
[名师点津] survive作“幸存；幸免于”解时为及物动词，其后直接接宾语，不用介词in或from。
2．(教材P1)IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM
寻找琥珀屋
?in search of寻找；搜寻
in one's/the search for 寻找；寻求
search sb./sp. 搜某人的身/搜查某地
search ... for ... 为了找到……而搜查……
search for＝look for 搜寻；寻找
make a search for sb./sth. 寻找某人/某物
①At present Kevin is out of work. He will go to Beijing in search of a new job next week.
现在凯文失业了，他打算下周去北京找一份新工作。
②The rescue workers were working hard in search ofthose survivors.
＝The rescue workers were working hard to_search_for those survivors.
救援工作者们正努力工作寻找那些幸存者。
[语境串记] Tom hurried into the room as if in search ofsomething important. He searched the drawer forJohn's telephone number. And then he began to search for his address again.
汤姆匆匆进入房间，好像在寻找重要的东西。他搜寻抽屉找约翰的电话号码，然后他又开始寻找他的地址。
[名师点津] in search of 后接寻找的对象或目标，其中search前不加限定词。search for表示搜查某一对象的目的是要找什么。search ... for ... 指“为寻找……而搜查”。
3．(教材P1)Frederick WilliamⅠ，the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such anamazinghistory.
普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
?amazing adj.令人吃惊的
(1)amaze vt. 使惊讶
(2)amazed adj. 吃惊的
be amazed at/by 对……大为吃惊
be amazed to do sth. 惊奇地做某事
(3)amazement n. 惊奇
to one's amazement 令某人吃惊的是
①It was amazing that he should have survived the big fire.
他竟然在大火中幸免于难，真是令人吃惊。
②Believe it or not, what he said amazed (amaze) me.
信不信由你，他所说的话使我大为吃惊。
③To his amazement, we were not amazed at/by his amazing (amaze) achievements.
让他感到吃惊的是，他的令人吃惊的成就并没有使得我们大为吃惊。
4．(教材P1)The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.
房子的设计采用了当时流行的奇特的建筑式样。
?design n．设计；图案；构思 vt.设计；计划；构思
(1)by design＝on purpose 有意地；故意地
①We must make it clear whether it happened by accident or by design.
我们一定要搞清楚这件事到底是碰巧发生的还是人为的。
②As far as I know, the course is_designed_for beginners.
据我所知，这门课程是为初学者设计的。
③The experiment is designed to_test (test) the new car.
实验的目的是测试一下这辆新汽车。
5．(教材P1)It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country's best artists about ten years to make.
它也是一件用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品。一批这个国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约10年的时间才把它完成。
?decorate vt.装饰；装修
(1)decorate ... with ... 用……装饰……
be decorated with ... 被用……装饰
(2)decoration n. 装饰；装饰物
①The girl decorated her room with pictures of her favourite stars.
那个女孩用自己最喜欢的明星的照片装饰了房间。
②Our classroom is_decorated_with some beautiful flowers.
我们的教室被一些美丽的花儿装饰着。
③I went to the Christmas shop with my sister and bought some decorations (decorate) to decorate our house.
我和我姐姐去了圣诞商店买了一些装饰品来装饰我们的房子。
6．(教材P2)However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.
然而，下一位普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。
?belong vi.属于；为……的一员
belong to 属于；是……的一员
belongings n. (pl.) 所有物；财物
①No matter what happens, Taiwan belongs to China.
不论发生什么事情，台湾都是中国的一部分。
②As is known to us, China is a country belonging (belong) to developing countries.
＝As is known to us, China is a country which belongs to developing countries.
众所周知，中国属于发展中国家。
③The taxi driver often reminds passengers to take their belongings (belong) when they leave the car.
出租车司机常在乘客下车时提醒他们带好自己的物品。
[名师点津] belong to中的to是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，形式为“... belonging to”。
7．(教材P2)In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers.
作为回赠，沙皇则送给他一队自己最好的士兵。
?in return 作为报答；回报
in return for 作为对……的回报
in turn 依次；逐个地；转而；反过来
①The old man gave us food and clothing and asked for nothing in return.
那位老人给了我们食物和衣服，没有要求任何回报。
②He didn't expect anything in_return_for his help.
他帮助人并不期待任何回报。
③Theory is based on practice and in_turn serves practice.
理论以实践为基础，反过来又为实践服务。
8．(教材P2)This was a time when the two countries wereat war.
这是在两国交战的时期。
?at war在交战；处于交战状态
“at ＋ n．” 表示一种状态或持续的活动：
at peace 处于和平状态
at rest 在休息
at table 在吃饭
at work 在上班
at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早/午/晚饭
①Now this country is at war. Foreigners are trying to escape from it as soon as possible.
目前这个国家处在战争中。外国人正在设法尽早逃离该国。
②The Chinese people hope that the world is at_peace forever.
中国人民希望世界永远和平。
9．(教材P2)Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room.
在纳粹分子到达夏宫之前，俄罗斯人能够把琥珀屋里的一些家具和小件艺术品搬走。
?remove vt.移动；搬开
(1)remove sth.
(2)remove sb. from school 开除某人
remove one's doubt/trouble 消除某人的疑虑/烦恼
①Only after he removed his dark glasses did I recognize him.
他摘掉墨镜后我才认出他来。
②After the customer left the restaurant, the waitress removed the dishes from the table.
在顾客离开餐馆后，女服务员拿走了桌子上的餐具。
③The man was_removed (remove) from the post because he broke the rules and regulations of the company by design.
这个人由于故意违反公司的规章制度而被开除了。
10．(教材P2)Inless thantwo days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven wooden boxes.
在不到两天的时间里，10万个部件被装进了27个木箱。
?less than 少于；不超过
no less than 多达
not less than 不少于；至少
more than 多于；不仅仅是
no more than 仅仅(相当于only)
not more than 不多于；不超过；至多
①He was educated in Harvard for less than three years.
他在哈佛大学接受教育不到三年。
②There are no_less_than 6,000 students in our school.
我们学校的学生有6 000人之多。
③He is more_than our teacher. He is also our good friend.
他不仅仅是我们的老师，他还是我们的好朋友。
11．(教材P2)Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing?
重建如琥珀屋或者是北京圆明园这样的文化遗迹值得吗？
?worth prep.值得的；相当于……的价值adj.值钱的n．价值；作用
be worth＋n. 值得……；值……
be worth doing ……值得做
be worth it ……是值得的
①You may not succeed, but it is worth a try.
你可能不会成功，但(这)值得一试。
②He came up with a suggestion which was well worth considering (consider)．
他提出了一个很值得考虑的建议。
③The new car cost me a large sum of money, but it is_worth_it.
这辆新车花了我一大笔钱，但却物有所值。
[名师点津] be worth doing是用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义；表示“很/非常”值得做要用well而不能用very修饰。
1．Later, Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.
后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
had the Amber Room moved...是“have sth. done”结构，the Amber Room与move之间为被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补。have sth.done结构有以下用法：
(1)使某事被做(可能是主语自己做，也可能是让别人做)
①I musthave my homework done before going to bed.
睡觉前我必须做完作业。
(2)遭遇或经历某种不幸的事情
②Unfortunately, he had his right leg injured (injure) during the training.
不幸的是，他在训练中把右腿弄伤了。
让某人做……
have sb./sth. doing 让某人/某物一直做……
have sth. to do 有某事要做
③The boss had me set down what people present at the meeting said.
＝The boss got me to_set (set) down what people present at the meeting said.
老板让我记录下出席会议的人员所说的话。
④He was very funny and had us laughing (laugh) all the way.
他非常滑稽，一路上逗得我们笑个不停。
2．In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.
1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。
(1)定语从句she wanted修饰先行词the way，其前省略了关系词that/in which，此时关系词在定语从句中作状语。
①What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it.
使我吃惊的不是他说的话而是他说话的方式。
②I don't like the way she speaks to you.
＝I don't like the way in_which she speaks to you.
＝I don't like the way that she speaks to you.
我不喜欢她跟你讲话的方式。
(2)way作先行词时，若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则关系词用that/which；作宾语时，还可省略。
③We first broke the law in a way which/that was peaceful.
首先我们用和平的方式违背法律。
④There is another way (that/which) you can choose to solve the problem.
有另外一个你能够选择的方法来解决这个问题。
3．There is no doubt thatthe boxes were then put on a train for K?nigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时在波罗的海海边的一个德国城市。
“There is no doubt that ...”是常用句型结构，其中doubt为名词，that引导的是doubt的同位语从句。
毫无疑问……
There is (some) doubt whether ...
对……持有疑问。
(2)I doubt whether/if ... 我怀疑是否……
I don't doubt that ... 我确信……
①There is no doubt that staying up is more likely to result in over-anxiety.(2015·广东高考写作)
毫无疑问，熬夜更有可能导致人过分焦虑。
②There is some doubt whether he is the best man for the job.
他是否是做这个工作的最佳人选，有些疑问。
③We have no doubt that they can complete the task on time.
我们相信他们能按时完成这项任务。
④I doubt whether/if he will continue to work here.
我怀疑他是否会继续在这里工作。
⑤I don't doubt that he will win the competition.
我确信他会赢得这场比赛的。
[名师点津] doubt既可以作名词，又可以作动词。在肯定句中常接whether/if引导的从句(同位语从句中只用whether)，在否定句和疑问句中常接that从句。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．During National Day, all the streets are_decorated (decorate) with colourful flags, flowers and balloons.
2．There's some doubt whether they can survive the terrible accident.
3．The trip was expensive but it was worth it.
4．The patient is going to have his temperature taken (take)．
5．As far as I know, this film is designed for the children.
6．They are still fighting for survival (survive)．
7．It was amazing (amaze) that he was removed from the company for being late.
8．He was very upset that the valuable watch belonging (belong) to him was missing.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．The little girl gave me a big hug in_return_for_my__help.
这个小姑娘给了我一个热情的拥抱以答谢我的帮助。
2．He turned on his computer in_search_of/to_search_for__the_information he wanted.
他打开电脑搜寻想要的信息。
3．There_is_no_doubt_that the man isn't easy to get along with because he is such a stubborn man.
毫无疑问，这个人不好相处，因为他是个如此固执的人。
4．The country has been at_war_with_its_neighbour for two years.
这个国家与邻国已交战两年了。
5．It'll take_less_than_an_hour to get there.
到那儿用不了一个钟头。
6．Her parents died in the car accident but_she_survived.
她的父母死于车祸，但她却幸免于难。
7．The students didn't understand the_way_(that/in_which)the_maths_teacher_
solved__the_problem.
学生们没有理解数学老师解答该题的方法。
8．The problem discussed just now is_worth_paying_attention_to.
刚才讨论的那个问题值得注意。
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．These animals are very rare (稀有的), and are protected by law.
2．There was a choice of four prizes, and the winner could select (挑选) one of them.
3．The job gave her a chance to get valuable (宝贵的) experience.
4．The Mogul Dynasty (王朝) ruled over India for centuries.
5．I really dislike her teaching style (风格)．
6．The woman had her jewels (珠宝) stolen last night. Luckily, in less than 8 hours, the thief was caught.
7．Both the blue and yellow dresses are pretty, but I prefer the former (前者)．
8．We went to the restaurant to have lunch, only to find that it was being decorated (装饰)．
9．The book, which is designed (设计) for children under 5 years old, must be simple and colourful.
10．The piano took up too much space, so I removed (搬开) it from the room.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．With the environment becoming better, many rarely birds are returning to this area.rarely→rare
2．I was amazing to hear that Chris had won the first prize.amazing→amazed
3．There was a time that there were no radios, no telephones or TV sets.that→when
4．I can't go to see a film with you. A lot of problems remain to be settle.settle→settled
5．I doubt that he can vote for us.that→whether/if
6．It is the way which you spoke to your mother that made her angry.which前加in或去掉which
7．The little girl survived in the earthquake without anything to eat.去掉in
8．The place remains where we call ruins.where→what
Ⅲ.选词填空
serve as， the former ... the latter， in the style of， be-long to， at war， less than， in return， in search of
1．Most of the furniture in the house is in_the_style_of the Ming Dynasty.
2．The large bottle served_as a flower vase for a long time in his room.
3．As far as I know, this vase is worth less_than 40 dollars.
4．Twenty soldiers were sent to the mountain in_search_of the trapped climber.
5．He gave me so much help when I was out of work. I wish I could give something to him in_return.
6．Don't take things that do not belong_to you.
7．When two countries were at_war,_troops of soldiers were sent to battlefront to fight.
8．Jane and Mary are good friends; the_former is a teacher and the_latter is a nurse.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never 1.have_imagined (imagine) that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an 2.amazing (amaze) history. Actually, the Amber Room 3.was_designed (design) for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. The room was made of several tons of amber. But the next King of Prussia decided to give it to the Russian people as 4.a gift of friendship. In return, the Czar sent a troop of his best soldiers to the Prussian. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg. 5.It served as a small reception hall for important visitors. Later, Catherine Ⅱ had it moved to a palace 6.where she spent her summers. Before the Nazis got to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects 7.from the Amber Room. Some of the Nazis 8.secretly (secret) stole the room itself. After that, 9.what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room by studying old photos of the 10.former (form) one.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
众所周知，文化遗产(cultural relics) 属于(belong to)全人类而不是个人。许多人努力去寻找(search for)它们。一些有价值的(valuable)文化遗产已遭破坏而只有少数幸免于难(survive)。所以为避免这一点我们每个人都应尽最大努力。毫无疑问(there is no doubt)，保护好文化遗产是我们的责任。因此，我们一定会让他们得到很好的保护(have sth. done)。
It's_well-known_that_cultural_relics_belong_to_the_human_beings_rather_than_individuals._A_lot_of_people_try_their_best_to_search_for_them._Some_valuable_cultural_relics_have_been_damaged_while_only_a_few_survive._So_in_order_to_avoid_this,_everyone_of_us_should_make_all_our_efforts._There_is_no_doubt_that_it_is_our_duty_to_protect_cultural_relics._Therefore,_we're_sure_to_have_them_protected_well.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
Why is setting goals important? Because goals may __1__ you to experience everything you want in life. __2__ just letting life happen to you, goals allow you to make your life happen.
__3__ people imagine how their life should be and set lots of goals. By setting goals you are __4__ your life. It's like having a map to __5__ you where you want to go. Think of it this way. There are two __6__. One has a destination (目的地) in mind (her goal), which can be __7__ on a map. She can drive there __8__ without any wasted time or __9__ turns. The other driver is __10__. She has no goal, destination or map. Without a clear __11__， she never gets anywhere, and just uses up gas. Which driver do you want to __12__？
Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. They __13__ what they want in life by making __14__ and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen __15__. In fact, goals aren't difficult to set. It __16__ you to find out what your goals really are. You are the one who must decide what to __17__ and in what direction to aim your life.
Research tells us that __18__ we write a goal down we are more likely to reach it. Written goals can be reviewed __19__， and have more power. Like a contract (合同) with yourself, they are harder to __20__. Writing your goals down will bring you nearer to your goal if you work on it.
1．A.help B．invite
C．advise D．order
解析：选A 有了奋斗的目标，你才有可能获得自己渴望的东西，所以目标可以“帮助(help)”你实现愿望。
2．A.As for B．Except for
C．Instead of D．Because of
解析：选C 目标帮你实现人生，“而不是(Instead of)”让你听天由命。
3．A.Lucky B．Honest
C．Young D．Successful
解析：选D 由该空后的“imagine ... set lots of goals”可知，这里是说“成功(Successful)”者都是对人生有憧憬的人，他们会树立很多目标。
4．A.making fun of B．taking control of
C．getting along with D．catching sight of
解析：选B 由该空前的“By setting goals”可知，有了目标，你就可以“掌控(taking control of)”自己的人生。
5．A.show B．warn
C．wish D．follow
解析：选A 由该空前后内容可知，这里是说就像地图可以帮你“指(show)”路一样。
6．A.guests B．singers
C．drivers D．teachers
解析：选C 下文的“The other driver”是提示。
7．A.missed B．found
C．accepted D．started
解析：选B 由该空前的“One has a destination (目的地) in mind”可知，心中有了目的地，这样就可以在地图上“找到(found)”要去的地方。
8．A.safely B．suddenly
C．carefully D．directly
解析：选D 结合上文内容可知，这里是说她能一路“直达(directly)”，无需浪费时间或是拐“错(wrong)”弯。
9．A.wrong B．quick
C．wide D．full
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
10．A.impolite B．impatient
C．different D．experienced
解析：选C 由该空后的“She has no goal, destination or map.”可知，另一个司机“大不相同(different)”。
11．A.memory B．purpose
C．question D．reason
解析：选B 由该空后的“she never gets anywhere, and just uses up gas”可知，这位司机没有明确的“目的(purpose)”。
12．A.tell B．beat
C．punish D．become
解析：选D 作者在此试问读者：你想“成为(become)”哪位司机呢？
13．A.prepare for B．worry about
C．take off D．give up
解析：选A 由该空前的“Winners in life set goals and follow through on them.”可知，为了得到他们所想要的，成功者会通过制定“计划(plans)”、设定目标去做“准备(prepare for)”。
14．A.choices B．plans
C．friends D．mistakes
解析：选B 参见上题解析。
15．A.as well B．in turn
C．by accident D．at times
解析：选C 失败者只会听天由命，故填by accident。
16．A.calls for B．goes after
C．turns to D．depends on
解析：选D 事实上，定目标不难。找到人生目标，全“靠(depends on)”个人。
17．A.write B．discuss
C．achieve D．celebrate
解析：选C 由该空前后内容可知，这里是说要自己去决定想要“实现(achieve)”什么以及人生的方向在哪里。
18．A.when B．before
C．though D．whether
解析：选A “当(when)”我们把目标写出来后，实现的可能性就大了。
19．A.slowly B．regularly
C．normally D．completely
解析：选B 你可以“定期(regularly)”对写在纸上的目标进行审视，从中获得动力。
20．A.offer B．improve
C．describe D．forget
解析：选D 由该空前的“Like a contract (合同) with yourself”可知，像签订的合同一样，写下的目标很难“忘记(forget)”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
I'm glad to know that you had an interest in Chinese food. Here I'd like to tell you something about it. Chinese food is famous with its wide variety. The food in one area can be easy told from those in another. For example, Shanghai food, a little bit sweet, differ from Sichuan food, that is rather hot. However, every kind of Chinese food is worth trying, because each has a delicious taste but is good for health. Since the restaurant in China usually serves special dishes of different area, you can enjoy various Chinese food whenever you are. I'm looking forward to meet you here so that I can tell you more about Chinese food at table.
答案：第一句：had→have
第三句：with→for
第四句：easy→easily; those→that
第五句：differ→differs; that→which
第六句：but→and
第七句：area→areas; whenever→wherever
第八句：meet→meeting
课件50张PPT。课件20张PPT。Unit 1 Cultural relics Section Ⅲ Grammar-限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
?语法图解
?探究发现
①This gift was the Amber Room, whichwas given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.
②The amber whichwas selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey.
③However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.
④Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg whereshe spent her summers.
⑤This was a time when the two countries were at war.
⑥There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for K?nigsberg, whichwas at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.
[我的发现]
(1)例句①中含which引导的非限制性定语从句；例句②中含which引导的限制性定语从句；在形式上非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别在于：关系词前是否有逗号。
(2)以上例句中含非限制性定语从句的有①③⑥；含限制性定语从句的有②④⑤。
一、定语从句的种类
根据定语从句与先行词之间关系的紧密程度，我们将定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种。
1．限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，用于修饰和限定先行词。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，两者之间不用逗号分开；关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。引导限制性定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, that, which, as；关系副词有where, when, why。
This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday.
这是他昨天为儿子买的电脑。
The woman who/that survived the earthquake is Amy's English teacher.
在地震中幸存的那个女人是埃米的英语老师。
2．非限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。除that和why不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。
He is English, which I know from his accent.
他是英国人，那是我通过他的口音知道的。
I heard a terrible noise, which brought my heart into my mouth.
我听到了一个可怕的声音，这使我非常害怕。
[即时演练1] 用适当的关系词填空
①Holly, who is from Australia, has a good command of Chinese.
②The dictionary, which our teacher bought yesterday, is helpful to us.
③His parents wouldn't marry her to anyone whose family was poor.
④Finally the thief handed in everything that he had stolen to the police.
⑤This was the reason why he was late yesterday.
二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的用法比较
1．形式不同
限制性定语从句和主句之间没有逗号；非限制性定语从句必须用逗号与主句隔开。
Here is the man who has been punished by the boss.
这就是那个被老板惩罚的人。(限制性定语从句)
The project, which lasted three years, cost no less than $1 billion.
这个工程历时三年，耗资多达十亿美元。(非限制性定语从句)
2．先行词不同
限制性定语从句的先行词只能是一个名词或代词，而非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词，也可以是整个主句。试比较：
This is the best novel that I have ever read.
这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。(限制性定语从句，先行词是novel)
The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting.
我昨天晚上看过那部小说了，它非常有意思。(非限制性定语从句，先行词为novel)
The novel is very interesting, which makes me very excited.
那部小说很有意思，这让我很兴奋。(非限制性定语从句，which指代前面整句话的内容)
3．关系词的使用情况不同
(1)that, why不可用于引导非限制性定语从句，指物时要用which代替that, for which代替why
Most people didn't vote for him, which disappointed him.
大多数人没有投票支持他，这使他感到失望。
I have told them the reason,for which I changed my mind.
我已经告诉了他们我改变主意的原因。
(2)关系代词替代情况不同
①关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用who代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可用who代替。
This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about.
这就是我们正在谈论的那个人。(限制性定语从句)
The young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress.
这位年轻人新交了一个女朋友，他想给她留下印象。(非限制性定语从句)
②在限制性定语从句中，先行词指人时可以用that引导，但在非限制性定语从句中先行词指人时，关系代词只能用who或whom。
She has a younger brother,who is an English teacher.
她有一个弟弟，他是一名英语老师。
(3)关系代词省略情况不同
关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可省略，而非限制性定语从句的所有关系代词均不可省略。
This is a good film (which/that) I saw a few days ago.
这是我几天前看过的一部好影片。(限制性定语从句)
The summer holiday, which we're looking forward to, is drawing near.
我们盼望的暑假就要来了。(非限制性定语从句)
[即时演练2]
(1)写出下列句子中which指代的内容
①Mike sold his old furniture, which made his father angry.
which 指代Mike_sold_his_old_furniture
②The house which I bought last month has a lovely garden.
which 指代the_house
(2)补全句子
①Her sister, who_teaches_us_English,_will go abroad next year.
她的姐姐教我们英语，明年将出国。
②Here is Mr. White, whom_you've_been_waiting_for a long time.
这就是怀特先生，你等了很久的人。
③She has found the necklace (that)_she_lost_two_weeks_ago.
她找到了那条两周前丢失的项链。
Ⅰ.用适当的关系词填空
1．This is the room where my grandma used to live.
2．This is the room that/which my grandma used to live in.
3．Mr Green said that Suzhou was the first city that he had visited in China.
4．As is known to us all, the rare vase dates back to the Ming Dynasty.
5．The boy who I though to be honest lied to me.
6．I, who is your good friend, will of course try my best to help you out.
7．This was the reason why he took apart the machine.
8．This is the farm where we picked apples last year.
9．Do you still remember the summer holiday when we made a journey to Beijing?
10．The famous singer, who is from Britain, has a number of devoted fans in China.
11．The old man has two daughters, both of whom work as doctors.
12．She has several balls, the largest of which is the blue one.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1．They went to the British Museum, where_they_saw_many_famous_artists'_paintings (在那里他们看到了许多著名艺术家的画作)．
2．As_is_known_to_us_all (众所周知), books are the source of knowledge.
3．I don't know the reason why_he_didn't_come_to_school_as_usual (他为什么没有照常来学校)．
4．He is such a man as_is_always_active_and_warm-hearted(一直积极并且热心的)．
5．Taobao is a website where_you_can_buy_what_you_want (在那里你可以买到你想要的东西) at a good price.
6．The school shop, whose_customers_are_mainly_students
(主要顾客是学生), is closed for the holidays.
7．He failed in the exam again, which_surprised_his_parents(这使他的父母很吃惊)．
8．Do you know the number of people who_lost_their_lives(失去了他们的生命) in the traffic accident?
9．The reason why_he_missed_the_class (他为什么误了课) was quite different from the one that you explained to me.
10．It rained hard yesterday, which_prevented/stopped_me_from_going_to_the_park (这阻止了我去公园)．
Ⅲ.语段填空(用适当的关系词填空)
The very film 1.that is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story 2.as is popular with the public, 3.whose hero and heroine are Jack and Rose. Rose is a young beautiful woman with 4.whom her mother went to America. Jack, 5.who won a ship ticket by playing cards, is a poor painter. They met and fell in love with each other on Titanic 6.where they had a happy time. Sadly, the nice journey was destroyed by a huge ice-berg, 7.when Jack lost his life for saving Rose (everyone will be moved by the selfless way in 8.which most people can't behave in real life). Before Jack left Rose forever, he encouraged Rose to live well for him. 9.As is known to all, love is the strongest strength. And that's the reason 10.why Rose could live alone and tell us the moving story.
Unit 1 Cultural relics Section Ⅳ Learning about Language amp；Using Language
A FACT OR AN OPINION?
What is a fact? Is it something that people believe①？ No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other② country in the world. This is a fact.
Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved③. So an opinion is not good evidence④ in a trial⑤. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some people may not agree with⑥ this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right.
In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe⑦. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works⑧.He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions⑨.This kind of information is called evidence.
①that引导定语从句，修饰something。
②any other 任何其他一个
more ... than any other ... 为比较级形式，却表达了最高级的含义，此处相当于has the most people of all the countries in the world。
在It can be proved that ... 句式中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。
③what引导表语从句，其中someone believes为插入语。
④evidence/'evId?ns/n.根据；证据
good evidence充分的证据
⑤trial/'traI?l/n.审判；审讯；试验
in a trial 在审判中
⑥agree with 赞成；同意(后接sb.或what sb. says)
agree with 还表示“与……一致；(食物、气候等)适合某人”。
⑦eyewitness/?aI'wItnIs/n.目击者；证人
句中两个“which＋不定式”结构都作decide的宾语。
⑧or 连接了由what和where引导的两个从句，作动词consider的并列宾语，其语序均为陈述语序。
⑨care about 在乎；在意；关心 rather than 而不是
whether引导的从句作cares about的宾语；which引导非限制性定语从句。
事实还是看法？
什么是事实呢？是不是人们所相信的就是事实呢？不是。事实是任何可以被证实的事。举例来说，中国人口比世界上任何其他一个国家的人口都多，这是可以被证实的，这就是事实。
那么，什么是看法呢？看法是人们相信是真实的，但是未经证实。因此在审判中，看法不是有说服力的证据。举例来说，如果你说“猫作为宠物比狗好”，这就是看法，这个看法可能是正确的，但是它难以被证实。有些人可能不同意这种看法，但是他们也不能证明他们是正确的。
在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。法官并不考虑每个证人的长相如何，也不考虑那个人住在哪里，或者在哪儿工作。他/她关心的只是证人是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是看法。这种信息就叫作证据。
Step 1 Read the text and answer the following question.
What's the main idea of the passage？(no more than 10 words)
The passage is mainly about the_differences_between_a_fact_and_an_opinion.
Step 2 Choose the best answers according to the text.
1．What really is a fact according to the passage?
A．It is something that more than one person believes.
B．It is something that more than one person has seen or done.
C．It is anything that can be proved.
D．It is anything that is believed or accepted by most people.
2．China has the largest number of people in the world.________.
A．It is a fact B．It is an opinion
C．It is an evidence D．All the three
3．A judge must consider the eyewitness'________in a trial.
A．appearance B．job
C．opinion D．facts
4．How does the writer explain the two terms of “fact” and“opinion”？
A．By giving examples. B．By giving definitions (定义)．
C．By giving evidence. D．Both A and B.
答案：1～4 CADD
一、这样记单词
记得准·写得对
记得快·记得多
Ⅰ.基础词汇
1.localadj. 本地的；当地的
2.trialn. 审判；审讯；试验
3.sailorn. 水手；海员；船员
4.debaten．&vi. 争论；辩论
5.eyewitnessn. 目击者；证人
6.sinkvi. 下沉；沉下
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.paintingn．绘画；画→paint v．油漆；绘画
2.evidencen．根据；证据→evident adj.清楚的；明白的；显而易见的；显然的
3.explodevi.爆炸→explosion n．爆炸
4.entrancen．入口；进入→enter vt.进入
5.informaladj.非正式的→formal(反义词)正式的
1．painting n．绘画；画
[同义] drawing, oil, picture, portrait
[联想] 各种“中国画”的英语名称
①Chinese Painting 中国画
②Chinese Figure Painting 中国人物画
③Chinese Bird-and-flower Painting 中国花鸟画
④Chinese Landscape Painting 中国山水画
2.i→a→u型动词荟萃
①begin→began→begun
②drink→drank→drunk
③ring→rang→rung
④sing→sang→sung
⑤swim→swam→swum
⑥sink→sank→sunk
3.巧记“t→ce”构成的名词
①different→difference
②evident→evidence
③confident→confidence
④important→importance
二、这样记短语
记牢固定短语
多积常用词块
1．take_apart 拆开
2．care_about关心；介意；在乎
3．rather_than而不是
4．think_highly_of看重；器重
5．agree_with同意
6．look_after照顾；照看
1．at midnight 在午夜
2．the entrance to the mine 煤矿的入口处
3．by the light of the moon 借着月光
4．give one's opinion about 关于……发表某人的观点
5．second-hand furniture shop 二手家具店
6．for oneself 亲自
三、这样记句式
先背熟
再悟通
后仿用
1.One day he was lookingin a second-hand furniture shopwhen he ...
一天，他正在一家二手家具店里逛，这时他突然……
be doing sth. ... when ... “正在做某事，这时(突然)……”。
He was_watching_TV_when there was a power failure.
他正在看电视，这时停电了。
2.For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world.
举例来说，中国人口比世界上任何其他一个国家的人口都多，这是可以被证实的。
it作形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。
It_can_be_proved_that he is fit for the job.
他适合这项工作，这是可以被证实的。
3.In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.
在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。
两个“疑问词＋不定式”结构作decide的宾语。
We haven't decided which_topic_to
_talk_about.
我们还未决定谈论哪个话题。
4.Nor do Ithink they should give it to any government.
我认为他们不应该将它给任何一个政府。
否定词置于句首构成的倒装结构。
Never_has_he_been_to the United States and Canada.
他从未去过美国和加拿大。
1．(教材P4)The old man saw some Germans taking apart the Amber Room and removing it.
老人看到一些德国人拆除并移走了琥珀屋。
?take apart 拆开
①He tooka radio apart yesterday but didn't know how to put it together again.
昨天他把一台收音机拆开了，但不知道怎么把它再装起来。
②The twins look so much alike that I can't tell_them_apart.
这对双胞胎看上去这么像，以至于我无法区分他们。
③Apart_from being too large, the trousers don't suit me.
这条裤子不但太大，而且我穿着也不合适。
2．(教材P5)So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial.
因此在审判中，看法不是有说服力的证据。
?evidence n．[U，C]证据；根据；证明
(1)There is some/no evidence that ...
有/没有证据证明……
in evidence 显眼；显而易见
(2)evident adj. 明显的；明白的
It's evident that ... 很明显……
evidently adv. 显然；明显地；清楚地
①There's some evidence that outdoor activities are good for us.
有证据证明，户外活动对我们有好处。
②At present we have no evidence (evident) of life on other planets.
目前我们没有在其他行星上存在生命的证据。
③It_is_evident_that his house was completely destroyed in the earthquake.
很明显，他的房子在地震中被彻底摧毁了。
3．(教材P5)He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be factsrather than opinions.
他/她关心的只是证人是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是看法。
?rather than是……而不是；与其……倒不如
(1)rather than 连接两个并列成分，意为“而不是”
(2)rather than 连接两个主语时，谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致
①We will have the meeting in the classroomrather than in the great hall.
我们是在教室里开会，不是在大厅里。
②The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap.
与其说她买的这件羊毛衫便宜不如说它漂亮。
③You rather than I are (be) going to go camping.
是你而不是我要去野营。
[名师点津]
4．(教材P5)In April 1945 I heard something explode at midnight.
在1945年4月，半夜里我听到有东西爆炸。
?explode vi.爆炸
(1)explode with 突然……
explode with laughter/anger 哄堂大笑/勃然大怒
(2)explosion n. 爆炸
①The bomb exploded, causing a lot of damage.
炸弹爆炸了，造成巨大损失。
②On seeing his funny expression, we all exploded_with_laughter.
一看到他滑稽的表情，我们都一下子大笑起来。
③If the gas pipe explodes,_the explosion may do great damage to the buildings around.(explode)
如果管道发生爆炸，爆炸会对周围的楼房造成极大损害。
5．(教材P5)To my surprise the entrance to the mine was closed.
令我惊讶的是，通往矿井的入口被关闭了。
?entrance n．入口
(1)the entrance to ＋地点 ……的入口
the college entrance examinations 大学入学考试
(2)enter vi. 进入
exit n. 出口
the exit of＋地点 ……的出口
①In return, the local people gave the foreign guests a warm reception at the main entrance.
作为报答，当地人在正门给外宾热情的接待。
②I'll wait for you at the entrance to the zoo tomorrow.
明天我会在动物园的入口处等你。
③He passed the_college_entrance_examinations,_which made his parents very proud.
他通过了大学入学考试，这使他父母非常自豪。
6．(教材P6)On the voyage, the ship was attacked and sank.
在航海中，船遭到袭击，沉没了。
?sink vi.下沉；沉下；坐下(sank; sunk)
sink into 渗入；陷入；沉入；进入
sink back 重重地往后坐下
sink to 沉到
①It will take a little time for the rain to sink into the dry earth.
要使雨水渗入干土需要一些时间。
②With his problem settled, he sank back into his comfortable chair with relief.
他的问题解决之后，他如释重负地坐到他那把舒适的椅子上。
③On its first voyage, the big ship hit an iceberg and then sank_to the bottom of the sea.
在第一次航行时，这艘大船撞上了冰山，然后沉到了海底。
7．(教材P7)I think highly of those who are searching for the Amber Room.
我很看重那些寻找琥珀屋的人们。
?think highly of 看重；器重；对……评价高
think much/well of ...(＝think highly of ...)
看重；器重；对……评价高
think ill/poorly/badly of 认为……不好
think nothing of ... 不重视；认为……不足为奇
①Judging from his expression, he doesn't think highly of your plan.
从他的表情判断，他对你的计划评价不高。
②He often tells lies, which makes others think_ill/poorly/badly_of_him.
他经常撒谎，这使得别人看不起他。
③As far as I know, the young man is_highly_thought_of in his company.
据我所知，这个年轻人在公司里很受器重。
[名师点津] 当think highly/well/much of ... 用于被动语态结构时，副词应放于其修饰的动词前，即be highly/well/much thought of。
8．(教材P7)Read the following tips for organizing an informal class debate.
阅读下面关于组织一场非正式的班级辩论赛的建议。
?debate vt.&vi.讨论；辩论 n．讨论；辩论
(1)have a debate on/about/over sth. 进行一场关于某事的辩论/讨论
under debate 在辩论/讨论中
a heated/lively debate 一场激烈的/热烈的争论
beyond/without debate 无可争论
(2)debate with sb.about/on ...
就……与某人辩论
①After a heated debate, we all agreed on the plan.
经过一场激烈的辩论，我们就这一计划达成一致意见。
②Even though the law is under_debate now, it will be passed soon.
尽管这部法律仍在讨论中，但是它将很快被通过。
③We must debate the question with the rest of the members.
我们必须和其他成员讨论这个问题。
1．For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world.
举例来说，中国人口比世界上任何其他一个国家的人口都多，这是可以被证实的。
“it can be proved that ...”结构中的it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语，叫作主语从句，其中that没有实际意义，只起引导作用。
①It can be proved that what he has said is not true.
他所说的并不是真的，这可以得到证实。
②It_is_widely_believed_that China will certainly play a more and more important part in the world.
人们普遍认为中国将肯定会在世界上发挥越来越重要的作用。
③It_is_a_pity_that she has made such a mistake.
她犯下这样的错误，真是遗憾。
④It_is_said_that he has spent the whole day decorating his sitting room.
据说他一整天忙于装饰客厅。
2．In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe.
在审判中，法官必须断定哪些证人可以相信，哪些证人不能相信。
which eyewitnesses to believe and which not to believe是两个带疑问代词which的动词不定式短语，作decide的宾语，相当于一个宾语从句。该结构可以作主语、宾语和表语。
①The experts are debating how to solvethe mystery of the Amber Room's disappearance.
专家们正在讨论如何解开琥珀屋消失之谜。
②When to_go (go) out for a picnic has not been decided.
什么时候外出野餐还没有定下来。
③Have you decided where to_spend (spend) your holiday?
你们决定到哪里去度假了吗？
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The employee you have been think highly (high) of proves dishonest.
2. It can be proved that he is a generous and warm-hearted man.
3．The entrance to the meeting room has already been closed.
4．There is a lot of evidence (evident) to prove that smoking has a bad effect on our lungs.
5．A bomb exploded (explode) suddenly by the roadside and destroyed his car.
6．To be honest, I'm at a loss how to_settle (settle) the problem.
7．He rather than you is (be) to have a talk with the stranger.
8．The kids watched as the coin sank to the bottom of the pool.
Ⅱ.补全句子
1．You should take_this_computer_apart (把电脑拆开) to see what is wrong with it.
2．It_can_be_easily_proved_that (很容易被证明) nothing is more precious than time.
3．I'm thinking what_to_do_next (接下来要做什么)．
4．Mr Green is very generous to us, so all of us think_highly_of_him (对他评价高)．
5．We are_having_a_heated_debate (正在进行激烈的辩论) on the question till late into the night.
6．I prefer_to_work_rather_than_sit_there/would_work_rather_than_sit_there/would_rather
_work_than_sit_there (宁愿工作而不愿坐在那里) doing nothing.
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The bomb was ready to explode (爆炸) during the rush hour.
2．It's an informal (非正式的) party, so you can wear jeans tonight.
3．The ship sank (下沉) to the bottom of the sea because of the storm.
4．The judge called in several eyewitnesses (目击者) to the killing.
5．In order to hide the treasures, they put a lot of huge stones at the entrance (入口) to the cave.
6．Her hobbies include music and painting (绘画)．
7．Throughout the trial (审判), he kept silent, which made others feel strange.
8．Our children go to the local (本地的) schools.
9．In evidence (证据；明显) we have made great progress these years.
10．There is always a debate (辩论) about whether students should use cellphones or not at school.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It is proved the little boy hasn't told lies.
proved后加that
2．There was no evidence which they had stolen the jewels.which→that
3．Guests have free entrance of the swimming pool and the health club.of→to
4．The students, rather than their teacher, is going to have a picnic this weekend.is→are
5．He is hard to get along with if you don't agree to him.to→with
6．If you think high of the film you may encourage other people to go and see it.high→highly
7．If Joe's wife doesn't go to the party, so will he.so→nor/neither
8．They haven't decided when hold the debate.when后加to
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The blackboard was_decorated (decorate) with beautiful words, which read “Happy Teachers' Day！”
2．The painting (paint) attracted his attention, which helped him develop an interest in drawing pictures.
3．You had better have the car repaired (repair) or it'll get you into trouble.
4．The room, full of wooden (wood) furniture, is used for receiving the guests from China.
5．He was born blind, but that didn't stop him from becoming a successful artist (art)．
6．Because of the terrible fire, all the valuable(value) things in the museum were destroyed.
7．To prove that he is innocent, some new evidence (evident) is needed.
8．At the entrance (enter) to the building, many people are waiting there now.
9．—The worker our manager is always thinking highly of saved the little boy.
—He is really brave.
10．He told us whether to_have (have) a picnic was still under discussion.
Ⅱ.选词填空
take apart， less than， think highly of， agree with， at war， be designed for， in return， belong to
1．He spoke highly of her; but he did not think_highly_of_ her writing.
2．Not everyone agrees_with me, but everyone knows white pollution is becoming a serious problem.
3．The machine has already been taken_apart in order to be transported to Beijing.
4．It took the police less_than two hours to find out the murderer.
5．Smile at others, and you are sure to get a smile in_return.
6．The house belongs_to my aunt, but she doesn't live here any more.
7．These classes are_designed_for both new and experienced music lovers.
8．During the Second World War Germany was at_war_ with almost all the other countries in the world.
Ⅲ.多维演练
1．doubt
(1)用whether/if/that填空
①There is some doubt among the people whether John will attend the party.
②I have no doubt that Tom will win the game.
③I do doubt whether/if he will come tomorrow.
④I don't doubt that the optimistic girl will not give in to any difficulty.
(2)补全句子
There_is_no_doubt_that China is making great progress in many fields.
毫无疑问中国在许多领域正取得重大进展。
2．have的相关结构
用所给词的适当形式填空
①The old lady had her foot hurt (hurt) when she cleaned her house.
②To finish the task on time, the workers had the machine working (work) all day.
③The teacher has his students complete (complete) a lot of practice every evening.
④The young man had his legs injured (injure) in the accident yesterday.
⑤His mother had much housework to_do (do) that day, so she had him paint (paint) the wall for her.
3．think highly of
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①The man does well in his work and is highly (high) thought of by his boss.
②The boy doesn't want to share his toys with others, and they think poorly (poor) of him.
(2)补全句子
People will think_highly_of_you_for your honesty and courage after hearing of your deeds.
听说你的事迹后人们会很欣赏你的诚实与勇气。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Look around the walls of your classroom. Do you see pictures or paintings? Most of the art on show was probably created by yourself and your classmates, using imagination and your own hands.
Each year in Toronto thousands of school children make the best use of their imaginations and their creative abilities in workshops provided by an organization called the Inner City Angels. These children work directly with professional (专业的) artists on different art programs.
Natalie McHaffie is one of the many professional artists who work with the Inner City Angels.“My purpose is to teach the children about design，” she says.“Once they learn how to put things together, they can use that knowledge for other things they may want to do, such as making a kite or designing a house.”
Recently Ms. McHaffie worked with 16 children at St. Bernard School to create a wall painting in the hallway leading to the kindergarten classroom. Together they designed and did the wall painting during one school week.
When Ms. McHaffie first met the student artists, she told them, “We must do a painting that will not only please the kindergarten kids but will also offer them information.”
Each of the 16 students was asked to imagine and draw ideas for the painting. After discussing the different ideas together, they chose the theme (主题) “The Four Seasons.”
Finishing the painting, four of the student artists had something to say about their experience.
Alfea: “You learn more when you do it yourself. As you go along you keep finding out things you didn't know before.”
Mauro: “I like working in a group because you get more done than if you work alone.”
Paolo: “It's been fun working in a group, not the same kind of exciting fun as when you're playing basketball. When you do art, it makes you feel peaceful.”
Paulina: “You can learn from working with the other kids. By talking to each other you can find ways to do things.”
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。多伦多的学生每年都有机会和职业艺术家合作，共同描绘美丽画卷。
1．Each year, thousands of school children in Toronto________.
A．join the Inner City Angels
B．take part in the city's art programs
C．take art classes in different workshops
D．create paintings on the walls of their classrooms
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each year in Toronto thousands of school children”和“These children work directly with professional (专业的) artists on different art programs.”可知，每年都有成千上万的学生参加多伦多的艺术项目。
2．Ms. McHaffie hopes the children________.
A．will understand the importance of design
B．can design a house of their own some day
C．will start learning easy things such as making a kite
D．can spread knowledge of how to put things together
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中Natalie McHaffie说的“My purpose is to teach the children about design”和“they can use that knowledge for other things they may want to do”可推测，她认为如何设计很重要，因此也希望孩子们理解设计的重要性。
3．What was the task of the sixteen students?
A．Collecting paintings at St. Bernard School.
B．Playing with the kindergarten kids.
C．Designing a classroom.
D．Painting on a wall.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“16 children at St. Bernard School to create a wall painting”可知，这16名学生的任务是创作一幅壁画。
4．We can infer from the text that all the four student artists________.
A．enjoyed the peace of their work
B．learned quite a lot from their work
C．said something good about each other
D．realized the advantages of group work
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后四段中的开头语可知，这四名学生都从这次的工作中受益匪浅。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Many people think teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is __1__ (necessary) for children to work at home in their free time. Moreover, they argue that most teachers do not __2__ (proper) plan the homework tasks they give to pupils. The results are that pupils have to repeat tasks which they have already done at school.
In Greece many parents__3__ (complain) about the difficult homework that teachers gave to their children. The parents said that most of the homework was __4__ waste of time, and they wanted to stop it. Spain and Turkey are two countries __5__ stopped homework. In Denmark, Germany and several other countries in Europe, teachers cannot set homework at weekends. In Holland, teachers allow pupils __6__ (stay) at school to do their homework. The children are free to help one another. Similar __7__ (arrange) also exists in some British schools.
Most people agree that homework is not fair. A pupil __8__ (do) his homework in a quiet and comfortable room is in a much __9__ (good) position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. Some parents are ready to help their children with their homework. But other parents take no interest __10__ their children's homework at all.
语篇解读：本文是议论文。主要讲述了不同的人对家庭作业的不同看法并分别举例进行了论证。
1．unnecessary 由后文的内容可知，此处要表达的意义是“没有必要的”，所以本空用unnecessary。
2．properly 修饰动词plan应该用副词。
3．complained 在本段中文章讲到了几个国家家长们对家庭作业的抱怨，是已经发生了的事情，所以此处用过去时态，填complained。
4．a a waste of“浪费……”，是固定短语。
5．which/that 引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词为two countries，所以本空用which/that。
6．to stay allow sb. to do“允许某人做……”，是固定短语。
7．arrangement 本空是句子的主语，前面还有形容词修饰，所以用名词。由单数的谓语动词可知用单数形式。
8．doing pupil是do的逻辑主语，二者是主动关系，所以要用现在分词作定语。
9．better 由后面的than判断本空用比较级better。
10．in take no interest in“对……不感兴趣”。
课件42张PPT。Unit 1 Cultural relics Section Ⅴ Writing-如何写辩论报告
一、基本结构
辩论报告，属于议论文的范畴。辩论报告一般分为三部分：
1．开头——开门见山，说明辩论的主题、参与者等信息。
2．主体——列举正反两方面的观点、见解或主张，并给出论据。
3．结尾——得出结论或给出自己的观点。
二、增分佳句
1．开头
We had a debate about/on ...
We have different opinions about/on ...
Different people hold different opinions.
People have taken different attitudes towards ...
Some people think that ..., however, others disagree with it.
Some people believe/argue that ... while some hold the opposite opinion.
The reasons are as follows.
2．正方观点
Some are for/in favour of the idea that ... They think that ...
People who are for the idea think that ...
3．反方观点
Some of them hold a different view/hold the opposite opinion.
People who are against it don't think so.
Some people argue that ...
People who are against the idea think that ...
4．个人观点
In my opinion, ...
As far as I am concerned, ...
As for me, I agree with the former/the latter.
From my point of view, ...
[题目要求]
最近你市发现了一处唐文化遗址。是否应当开发？人们展开了激烈的讨论。假如你是一名记者，请就此写一篇报道，并发表自己的看法。
赞成开发
应开发利用以吸引更多的游客来旅游观光
反对开发
应保持原样，妥善保护，以免遭人为破坏
你的观点
……
参考词汇：开发explore 旅游业tourism
注意事项： 1.不可逐条翻译。 2.可适当增加细节。3.书写要流利、规范。4.文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Recently, citizens in our city have had/held a heated debate on whether we should explore the cultural relic, which was discovered in our city.______________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
第一步：审题构思很关键
一、审题
1．确定体裁：本文为议论文；
2．确定人称：本文的主要人称应为第三人称；
3．确定时态：本文的主要时态应用一般现在时。
二、构思
开头：辩论的主题(已给出)。
主体：赞成开发或反对开发的观点。
结尾：自己的观点。
第二步：核心词汇想周全
1．cultural_relic 文化遗址
2．be_worth_doing ……值得做
3．attract 吸引
4．improve 提高；提升
5．keep_..._as_it_is 保持原样
6．protect 保护
7．destroy 破坏
8．make_good_use_of 充分利用
第三步：由词扩句雏形现
赞成开发：
1．文化遗址值得开发。
The_cultural_relic_is_worth_exploring.
2．开发利用将会使人们更多地了解我国伟大的历史。
Exploring_will_make_people_learn_more_about_the_great_history_of_our_country.
3．文化遗址能吸引更多的游客来我市。
The_cultural_relic_can_attract_more_visitors_to_our_city.
4．这会提升我市的旅游业。
This_will_improve_the_tourism_of_our_city.
反对开发：
5．我们应该保持这处文化遗址的原样。
We_should_keep_the_cultural_relic_as_it_is.
6．我们应该妥善保护这处文化遗址。
We_should_protect_the_cultural_relic_properly.
7．遗址不能遭到人们的破坏。
The_cultural_relic_cannot_be_destroyed_by_people.
自己的观点：
8．征询专家的建议以找到充分利用这处文化遗址的更好办法。
We_should_ask_the_experts_for_advice_to_find_a_better_way_to_make_good_use_of_this_cultural_relic.
第四步：句式升级造亮点
1．用非限制性定语从句改写句1和句2
The_cultural_relic_is_worth_exploring,_which_will_make_people_learn_more_about_the_great_history_of_our_country.
2．用非限制性定语从句改写句3和句4
This_cultural_relic_can_attract_more_visitors_to_our_city,_which_will_improve_our_tourism.
3．用only in this way开头的倒装句改写句7
Only_in_this_way_can_the_cultural_relic_not_be_destroyed_by_people.
第五步：过渡衔接联成篇
Recently, citizens in our city have had/held a heated debate on whether we should explore the cultural relic, which was discovered in our city. Different_people_have_different_opinions.
Some people are in favor of the idea. They think the cultural relic is worth exploring, which will make people learn more about the great history of our country. What's more, this cultural relic can attract more visitors to our city, which will improve our tourism.
However, others hold an opposite opinion, thinking that we should keep it as it is and protect it properly. Only in this way can it not be destroyed by people.
As far as I am concerned, we should ask the experts for advice to find a better way to make good use of this cultural relic.
课件13张PPT。单元加餐练（一~二） 完形阅读组合练
加餐练(一) 完形阅读组合练
Ⅰ.完形填空
One year after Tom was born, his parents had a car accident. They never __1__. Tom's 85-year-old grandmother was too __2__ to take care of him. As a result, he was put up for adoption (领养). He was adopted by a middle-aged couple who had no __3__ of their own. They were not rich and received little education, but they were __4__ people.
As Tom was growing up, he __5__ a lot of problems at school. He didn't learn __6__ and had trouble in reading. His __7__ sometimes laughed at him. What they said made Tom __8__.
As he couldn't __9__ the other students at school, he dropped out of school and came back home. But he didn't stop learning. He had big dreams. Though he didn't learn fast, he kept __10__ himself at home.
After many years' of learning at home, he__11__ overcame (克服) his difficulties. Today he is a very __12__ speaker and author. While he was growing up, his self-esteem and __13__ were low because of others' making fun of him. It took him many __14__ to realize his dreams.
When listening to his videos and tapes, he shows confidence. He tells about his __15__ and how he overcame the challenges in his life. He has a very __16__ sentence, “You cannot expect to achieve new goals or move beyond your present situations __17__ you change.”
For those who have low self-confidence, I suggest you __18__ reading about Tom's world. Many people have so much potential (潜能) to be discovered. If you have a dream, then start today to __19__ yourself towards it. If someone like Tom who has __20__ in learning can make such achievements, why can't you succeed?
1．A.returned B．called
C．imagined D．planned
解析：选A 根据Tom后来被领养了的语境可知，他的父母发生车祸后再也没有“回来”。
2．A.busy B．old
C．poor D．mean
解析：选B 根据前面的“85-year-old”可知，Tom的祖母“年纪太大”了，无法照顾他。
3．A.friends B．kids
C．students D．parents
解析：选B 这对夫妇要领养一个孩子，说明他们没有自己的“孩子”。
4．A.brave B．famous
C．confident D．kind-hearted
解析：选D 根据but可知，这对夫妇虽然没什么钱，也没接受过什么教育，但是很“好心”。
5．A.explored B．brought
C．faced D．solved
解析：选C 根据后文Tom在学校里的处境可知，他在学校里“面临”很多问题。
6．A.willingly B．proudly
C．carefully D．quickly
解析：选D 根据后文的“Though he didn't learn fast”可知，Tom无法学得很“快”。
7．A.sisters B．classmates
C．brothers D．teachers
解析：选B Tom在学校里遇到这么多困难，嘲笑他的应该是他的“同学们”。
8．A.sad B．bored
C．tired D．confused
解析：选A Tom在学校里被同学们嘲笑，他应该感到很“难过”。
9．A.compete with B．get along with
C．catch up with D．agree with
解析：选C 根据上文的语境可知，Tom学习上面有障碍，所以“跟不上”其他同学，然后他就辍学回家了。
10．A.proving B．cheering
C．entertaining D．teaching
解析：选D Tom辍学在家，没有老师教他，所以他只能“自学”了。
11．A.strangely B．immediately
C．finally D．luckily
解析：选C 根据“After many years' of learning at home”可知，Tom“最终”克服了那些困难。
12．A.honest B．successful
C．smart D．strong
解析：选B Tom克服了那些困难，经过那么多年的努力后，他成为了一位“成功的”演说家和作家。
13．A.confidence B．mood
C．grade D．talent
解析：选A 根据后文的“those who have low self-confidence”可知，Tom以前在学校里被人嘲笑，他的自尊和“自信心”都很低。
14．A.hours B．days
C．months D．years
解析：选D 根据“After many years' of learning at home”可知，这里是指经过很多“年”后。
15．A.family B．habit
C．story D．hobby
解析：选C Tom为了激励别人，应该讲述他的人生“故事”。
16．A.long B．encouraging
C．simple D．interesting
解析：选B 根据后文引用Tom的句子可知，这句话很“鼓舞人心”。
17．A.unless B．when
C．since D．although
解析：选A 根据语境可知句意为：“除非”你改变，否则你不会有任何进步。
18．A.continue B．keep
C．start D．enjoy
解析：选C 作者建议那些自信心低的人“开始”了解Tom的故事。
19．A.force B．discover
C．send D．move
解析：选D 根据“If you have a dream”可知，这里是指如果有梦想的话，就要朝着这个梦想“前进”。
20．A.difficulty B．gift
C．dreams D．fun
解析：选A 根据前面的“someone like Tom”可知，这里是指如果有学习“困难”的人都能取得这样的成就，为什么你就不能成功呢？
Ⅱ.阅读理解
The Polish take great pride in their culture. Our culture has many different customs and traditions. I will discuss three of these traditions and customs.
The Polish will say “Dziekuje” (“thank you”) only after receiving their change. What I mean by this is that when you are in Poland, you should wait to say “thank you” until after you have been given your change back. If you do not, you are telling cashiers (收银员) that they can “keep the change.” Often, people visiting Poland will feel that things are very expensive, until they learn that they are giving the store clerk permission to keep the money that would have been given back.
Polish people break “bread” with their families during their Christmas Eve meal. The Christmas Eve celebration starts with the breaking of the Oplatek, which is a thin piece of “bread”. In my family, the eldest in the family (my grandfather) takes the big Oplatek and breaks it into large pieces that he then hands down to each of his four children (my aunt, uncles, and father). Then, these family members break their pieces into smaller sizes and pass them out to their own children. Once the last piece is passed down to the youngest, we say a prayer (做祷告) and eat the piece of thin bread.
Polish people celebrate “Imieniny”， or Name's Day. This day is more important than one's birthday. They often name their children after a saint (圣徒) whose day is closest to the date that they were born on. Then their saint's day that they were named after becomes their “new” birthday. On Name's Day, families and friends gather together and enjoy a variety of food, drinking, and dancing.
As you can see, Poland has a few very unique (独特的) traditions and customs. I honor my Polish culture and will pass it on to my own children because it is important to know one's own culture.
1．In Poland, if you say“Dziekuje” before getting your change，________.
A．the store clerk will keep it
B．the product will be changed
C．the store clerk will check the money
D．the product will be returned to the store
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的第一句和“If you do not, you are telling cashiers (收银员) that they can ‘keep the change.’”可知，在波兰，如果你在收银员给你找钱之前说“Dziekuje”，就等于让收银员留下零钱。
2．On Christmas Eve, the author will receive “bread” from ________.
A．his grandfather B．his uncle
C．his aunt D．his father
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then, these family members break their pieces into smaller sizes and pass them out to their own children.”可知，在圣诞节前夜作者会得到他父亲切的面包。
3．A Polish person's Imieniny is ________.
A．a day to visit families and friends
B．more important than Name's Day
C．near to his or her birthday
D．a day to honor a saint
解析：选C 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They often name ... birthday.”可知，在波兰，孩子经常以某位圣徒名字命名，哪位圣徒的纪念日与孩子的生日最接近，人们就选哪位圣徒命名。故选C项。
4．What does the author think of Polish traditions and customs?
A．He feels proud of them.
B．He shows no interest in them.
C．He is worried about them.
D．He considers them very funny.
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I honor my Polish culture ... own culture.”可知，作者以自己国家的传统习俗为豪。
加餐练(二) 第Ⅱ卷规范增分练
Ⅰ.语法填空
Several days ago, on my way home from work, my car had a tire blowout (轮胎爆裂). It was nearly midnight and little traffic __1__ (see) on the road. I called the roadside assistance (援助)．
About an hour and a quarter __2__ my car broke down, a car pulled over. __3__ gentleman asked me if I was OK and I told him I __4__ (wait) for roadside assistance to come. He then parked his car ahead of mine and offered __5__ (change) my tire for me. This was not an easy task. The man __6__ (careful) took off the tire and replaced it. Once the tire was changed, he said he wanted to follow me to a nearby gas station for my __7__ (safe). After we arrived at the gas station, he asked me to stay in my car. He put air in my tire and we were all ready then. I said that I did not have much cash __8__ me, or I would give him some for __9__ (be) so helpful. He said he didn't do that for money. I was __10__ (luck) to meet so kind a person like him.
1．was seen 这里是讲过去的事，且traffic与see之间是被动关系，故要用一般过去时的被动语态。
2．after after意为“在……之后”。这里表示在我车坏了的一小时十五分钟后。
3．A gentleman是第一次提到的单数可数名词，故用a修饰，表泛指。
4．was waiting 根据语境可知句意为：我告诉他我正在等待援助。
5．to change offer to do sth.意为“提议做某事”。
6．carefully 修饰动词词组took off要用副词形式。
7．safety 这里是指为了我的安全，名词作介词的宾语。
8．on on表示“在身上”。
9．being for是介词，后跟动名词形式。
10．lucky 此处用形容词作表语。
Ⅱ.短文改错
One day about half year ago, while I was walking on the street, I came cross a dog that had got injured. I took them to my father's friend David who works at an animal hospital. David took well care of it, but the dog didn't get any good. At last, David told me the dog's injured leg had to be removing if it wanted to survive. I agreed. Now I keep the dog and play with it on every day. It stays very positive, but it has lost a leg. It sets a good example to me and teach me what I should do in the faces of trouble.
答案：第一句：half后加a; cross→across
第二句：them→it
第三句：well→good; good→better
第四句：removing→removed
第六句：去掉on
第七句：but→though
第八句：teach→teaches; faces→face
Ⅲ.书面表达
作为中学生，你肯定经历过多次考试，体验过成功，也遭遇过失败。请根据下面提示内容，简要概述中学生中普遍存在的对待考试失败的两种态度，并说明你自己的观点。
态度一
态度二
你的观点
考试失利时，情绪低落，丧失信心，不再努力
考试失利时，鼓励自己，充满信心；查找原因，避免再犯同样的错误
……
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3．开头已给出，不计入总词数。
As middle school students, we all have taken many examinations and experienced failure as well as success.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文：
As middle school students, we all have taken many examinations and experienced failure as well as success. Different students have different attitudes towards failure in the exams.
Some of us become low in spirits in the face of failure. Worse still, some students are so disappointed that they don't want to make further efforts in their studies. As a result, their studies go from bad to worse as time goes on.
Fortunately, some students take quite positive attitudes towards their setbacks. They spare no effort in analyzing the cause of their failure and at the same time encourage themselves to become more confident so that they won't repeat their mistakes in their later examinations.
As far as I am concerned, I believe that failure is the mother of success. So long as we can find out the cause of our failure and improve our ways of learning, we can surely make great progress and turn our dream into reality.
Unit 1 Cultural relics
A Brave Maid
A woodenvase from the Ming Dynasty at the entrance of the receptionhall amazedeveryone. The artistsdesigned it in a rare style and selected valuablejewels to decorate it. People thoughthighly ofitsfancy color ofhoney and the beautiful paintings on it.
The vase used to belong to a formercastle. But when the country was at war, the enemy troopsexploded the castle. Sodebates on how the vase survived went on and on. In order to remove people's doubt, a team of no less than 20 people carried out an informal investigation. The evidence they found showed that a maid took the vase apart and asked a sailor to sink it in a local well. She never gave away the secret even under the cruel trial of the enemies who were in search of treasures.
It is worth giving this brave maid a fortune in return.
勇敢的女仆
接待大厅入口处的明朝木制花瓶使每个人都惊奇不已。艺术家以一种罕有的风格设计它，并挑选了贵重的珠宝装饰它。人们高度赞赏它那蜂蜜般的奇特颜色，还有上面精美的绘画。
这个花瓶曾经属于一座从前的城堡，但在战争期间，敌人的军队炸毁了城堡，于是，关于这个花瓶是如何幸存下来的争论就一直在持续着。为了解开人们的疑问，一个由不少于20人的调查队开展了一次非正式的调查。他们找到的证据表明，有个女仆把花瓶拆开，然后让一名水手把它沉到当地的一个水井里。她从来没有泄露这个秘密，即使是在搜寻财宝的敌人残酷的审讯下。
这位女仆真是值得给予一大笔钱作为对她的回报。
课件3张PPT。Unit 1 Cultural relics课时跟踪练（一）Warming Up & Reading — Pre?reading
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Jamie Oliver, a lively British guy, loves to share his secrets. In his first television show, The Naked Chef, Oliver taught everyone to make simple but delicious food. In Jamie's Kitchen, he taught young people how to prepare meals. His next show, Jamie's School Dinners, is about changing the food that students eat.
Oliver saw that some schools in Britain were serving junk food — food that is easy to eat but unhealthy. Although it can be delicious, junk food is not very good for children. It is sometimes bad for their health, because it doesn't give them the energy they need at school. They sometimes can't think well or feel down, and they sometimes put on weight.
Some of the junk food that Oliver wants to change is canned spaghetti, chicken nuggets, French fries, soda, and muffins. He encourages schools to serve fresh and healthy meats, vegetables, and fruits. He helps the school cooks to make healthy dinners without junk food.
People liked Oliver's idea of bringing quality food to schools. Thousands enjoyed his television show. But Oliver wanted them to do more than just watch. At his Feed Me Better website, he collected over 270,000 signatures (签名) from people.Oliver sent these signatures to British Prime Minister (首相) Tony Blair. Then Blair promised to help change the school kitchens, teach school cooks to make healthy food, and spend more on school dinners. Thanks to Jamie Oliver, my children will be able to enjoy more healthy meals at school.
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。作者主要讲述了Jamie Oliver为孩子们的饮食健康所做出的努力。
1．What are Jamie Oliver's secrets about?
A．Cooking and eating.
B．How to be a good cook.
C．Exercising and sleeping.
D．Where to buy healthy food.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由第一段中的“make simple but delicious food”， “how to prepare meals”和“changing the food that students eat”可知，A项说法正确。
2．Which of the following may Oliver like best?
A．Muffins. B．Bananas.
C．French fries. D．Chicken nuggets.
解析：选B 推理判断题。由第三段中的“Some of the junk food ... chicken nuggets, French fries, soda, and muffins.”和“He encourages ... fruits.”可知，Oliver最有可能喜欢香蕉，故选B项。
3．Why were over 270,000 signatures collected?
A．To put healthy food in schools.
B．To keep school kitchens cleaner.
C．To lower food prices in schools.
D．To collect money for poor children.
解析：选A 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Oliver sent these signatures ... spend more on school dinners.”可知，Oliver收集这么多签名是为了让首相帮助其改善学校里的饮食健康状况，故选A项。
4．Who might be the author of the text?
A．A student. B．Tony Blair.
C．A parent. D．Jamie Oliver.
解析：选C 推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Thanks to Jamie Oliver, my children will be able to enjoy more healthy meals at school.”可知，本文作者可能是一位家长，故选C项。
B
The Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
The Hawaii Volcanoes (火山) National Park, on the island of Hawaii, has two active volcanoes: Mauna Loa, which last erupted (喷发) in 1984, is 13,677 feet (4.17 km) above sea level; Kilauea is next to Mauna Loa and it has been erupting since January 3rd, 1983. It is 4,190 feet (1.23 km) above sea level.
When to visit
The park is open 24 hours a day all year round. There are no plants or trees on the lava (火山岩) fields and no protection from the sun, so you must bring sunscreen (防晒霜)．
How to get there
The best way to get to the park is to take Highway 11. From the airport at Hilo, Highway 11 will take you southward across the eastern part of the island.
Things to see
If you want to know more about the park, the Kilauea Visitor Center is surely a stop to make. It is a quarter of a mile (402 m) from the park entrance. There, you can see a great movie about real lava and learn about the island's natural and cultural history. The center is open from 7：45 a．m. to 5：00 p．m. There are also many guided walks and hikes (徒步旅行) around the park. You must check weather conditions and volcanic activity before hiking alone. If possible, you may drive down Chain of Craters Road to see lava flowing into the ocean.
Tickets
Entrance to the park is $10.00 for each vehicle, $5.00 for those who travel on foot or ride a bicycle. Children under the age of 15 are free.
5．Different from Mauna Loa, Kilauea ________.
A．will disappear soon B．is closed to visitors
C．erupts more often D．is much bigger
解析：选C 细节理解题。由第一段中的“Mauna Loa, which last erupted (喷发) in 1984”和“Kilauea ... has been erupting since January 3rd, 1983”可知，Kilauea 火山喷发更加频繁，故选C项。
6．The Kilauea Visitor Center ________.
A．offers all kinds of movies
B．is next to the park entrance
C．is open for 8 hours every day
D．introduces visitors to the park
解析：选D 细节理解题。由第四段中的“If you want to ... a stop to make.”和“There, you can ... learn about the island's natural and cultural history.”可知，D项说法正确。
7．If a family of three drives a car into the park, they need to pay ________.
A．$5.00 B．$10.00
C．$15.00 D．$20.00
解析：选B 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“Entrance to the park is $10.00 for each vehicle”可知，一家三口开车的话，进入公园只需付十美元，故选B项。
8．The text is most probably taken from ________.
A．a geography textbook
B．a newspaper report
C．a travel magazine
D．a research paper
解析：选C 推理判断题。由文中的When to visit, How to get there和Tickets等信息可知，本文很可能选自一本旅行杂志，故选C项。
C
The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵) is considered to be one of the most beautiful buildings in the world and the finest example of the late style of Indian architecture (建筑). It is at Agra in northern India. It lies beside the River Jumma in the middle of gardens with quiet pools.
The Taj Mahal was built by the Mogul emperor (皇帝) Shah Jehan, who ruled India in the seventeenth century. It is in memory of his favorite wife, Arjumand Banu Bagam, known as Mumtaz Mahal, who died in 1631. The building, which was completed between 1632 and 1638, was designed by a local Muslim architect (建筑师), Ustad Ahmad Lahori. The whole building, with gardens and gateway structures, was completed in 1643. The Taj Mahal stands at one end of the garden tomb with marble (大理石) path. The room is softly lighted by the light that passes through double screens of carved marble set high in the walls. The building now is kept in good condition.
It took 22 years to build the Taj Mahal. Shah Jehan planned a similar building, but in black instead of white, to lie on the other side of the river. But before it could be built, Shah Jehan was imprisoned (监禁) by his son and buried next to his wife in the Taj Mahal.
9．The Taj Mahal was built for ________.
A．Mumtaz Mahal B．Shah Jehan
C．either Mumtaz or Shah D．both Mumtaz and Shah
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is in memory of his favorite wife ... known as Mumtaz Mahal”可知应选A。
10．Why do you think Shah Jehan was buried next to his wife?
A．His own tomb hadn't been built.
B．He hoped to be buried there.
C．King and Queen should be buried together.
D．He liked Mumtaz all his life.
解析：选A 细节理解题。根据该文最后一段最后一句可知，Shah Jehan的坟墓还没有被建好，他就被儿子监禁了，只好埋在他妻子的旁边，故选A。
11．The passage mainly tells us ________.
A．why the Taj Mahal was built
B．the love story between Shah and Mumtaz
C．some information about the Taj Mahal
D．the Taj Mahal — the pride of Indians
解析：选C 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述有关泰姬陵的一些信息，故答案为C。
12．From the passage we can learn that ________.
A．the Taj Mahal looks more beautiful than before
B．the Taj Mahal doesn't exist now
C．the Taj Mahal has completely changed
D．the Taj Mahal has become a place of interest
解析：选D 推理判断题。其他三项的信息文中并没有提到或涉及，用排除法可选D。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
In the world nothing is more important than health. If people took away our money, houses, cars, or even our clothes, we could still survive. __1__ Then how can we keep healthy?
First of all, we should eat healthily. I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies, which are junk food. __2__ I only eat little meat. __3__ It helps us build a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy. In addition, I think friends are an important part of one's health. __4__ I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone. When I am with my friends, I always laugh. Laughing is also an important part of health. It is good to stay with my friends.
By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy. By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. __5__
A．But if our health were taken away, we could surely die.
B．Some people appear fat because they often eat too much.
C．I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep fit.
D．Many studies show that people with few friends often get sick.
E．There are some people who like staying alone, but they keep healthy.
F．What's more, taking exercise is very important.
G．I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruits which are full of vitamins.
答案：1～5 AGFDC
Unit 1 Cultural relics课时跟踪练（三）Learning about Language & Using Language
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
[本课语言点针对练习]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．The bomb was ready to explode (爆炸) during the rush hour.
2．It's an informal (非正式的) party, so you can wear jeans tonight.
3．The ship sank (下沉) to the bottom of the sea because of the storm.
4．The judge called in several eyewitnesses (目击者) to the killing.
5．In order to hide the treasures, they put a lot of huge stones at the entrance (入口) to the cave.
6．Her hobbies include music and painting (绘画)．
7．Throughout the trial (审判), he kept silent, which made others feel strange.
8．Our children go to the local (本地的) schools.
9．In evidence (证据；明显) we have made great progress these years.
10．There is always a debate (辩论) about whether students should use cellphones or not at school.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．It is proved the little boy hasn't told lies.
proved后加that
2．There was no evidence which they had stolen the jewels.which→that
3．Guests have free entrance of the swimming pool and the health club.of→to
4．The students, rather than their teacher, is going to have a picnic this weekend.is→are
5．He is hard to get along with if you don't agree to him.to→with
6．If you think high of the film you may encourage other people to go and see it.high→highly
7．If Joe's wife doesn't go to the party, so will he.so→nor/neither
8．They haven't decided when hold the debate.when后加to
[本单元语言点温故练习]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The blackboard was_decorated (decorate) with beautiful words, which read “Happy Teachers' Day！”
2．The painting (paint) attracted his attention, which helped him develop an interest in drawing pictures.
3．You had better have the car repaired (repair) or it'll get you into trouble.
4．The room, full of wooden (wood) furniture, is used for receiving the guests from China.
5．He was born blind, but that didn't stop him from becoming a successful artist (art)．
6．Because of the terrible fire, all the valuable(value) things in the museum were destroyed.
7．To prove that he is innocent, some new evidence (evident) is needed.
8．At the entrance (enter) to the building, many people are waiting there now.
9．—The worker our manager is always thinking highly of saved the little boy.
—He is really brave.
10．He told us whether to_have (have) a picnic was still under discussion.
Ⅱ.选词填空
take apart， less than， think highly of， agree with， at war， be designed for， in return， belong to
1．He spoke highly of her; but he did not think_highly_of_ her writing.
2．Not everyone agrees_with me, but everyone knows white pollution is becoming a serious problem.
3．The machine has already been taken_apart in order to be transported to Beijing.
4．It took the police less_than two hours to find out the murderer.
5．Smile at others, and you are sure to get a smile in_return.
6．The house belongs_to my aunt, but she doesn't live here any more.
7．These classes are_designed_for both new and experienced music lovers.
8．During the Second World War Germany was at_war_ with almost all the other countries in the world.
Ⅲ.多维演练
1．doubt
(1)用whether/if/that填空
①There is some doubt among the people whether John will attend the party.
②I have no doubt that Tom will win the game.
③I do doubt whether/if he will come tomorrow.
④I don't doubt that the optimistic girl will not give in to any difficulty.
(2)补全句子
There_is_no_doubt_that China is making great progress in many fields.
毫无疑问中国在许多领域正取得重大进展。
2．have的相关结构
用所给词的适当形式填空
①The old lady had her foot hurt (hurt) when she cleaned her house.
②To finish the task on time, the workers had the machine working (work) all day.
③The teacher has his students complete (complete) a lot of practice every evening.
④The young man had his legs injured (injure) in the accident yesterday.
⑤His mother had much housework to_do (do) that day, so she had him paint (paint) the wall for her.
3．think highly of
(1)用所给词的适当形式填空
①The man does well in his work and is highly (high) thought of by his boss.
②The boy doesn't want to share his toys with others, and they think poorly (poor) of him.
(2)补全句子
People will think_highly_of_you_for your honesty and courage after hearing of your deeds.
听说你的事迹后人们会很欣赏你的诚实与勇气。
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Look around the walls of your classroom. Do you see pictures or paintings? Most of the art on show was probably created by yourself and your classmates, using imagination and your own hands.
Each year in Toronto thousands of school children make the best use of their imaginations and their creative abilities in workshops provided by an organization called the Inner City Angels. These children work directly with professional (专业的) artists on different art programs.
Natalie McHaffie is one of the many professional artists who work with the Inner City Angels.“My purpose is to teach the children about design，” she says.“Once they learn how to put things together, they can use that knowledge for other things they may want to do, such as making a kite or designing a house.”
Recently Ms. McHaffie worked with 16 children at St. Bernard School to create a wall painting in the hallway leading to the kindergarten classroom. Together they designed and did the wall painting during one school week.
When Ms. McHaffie first met the student artists, she told them, “We must do a painting that will not only please the kindergarten kids but will also offer them information.”
Each of the 16 students was asked to imagine and draw ideas for the painting. After discussing the different ideas together, they chose the theme (主题) “The Four Seasons.”
Finishing the painting, four of the student artists had something to say about their experience.
Alfea: “You learn more when you do it yourself. As you go along you keep finding out things you didn't know before.”
Mauro: “I like working in a group because you get more done than if you work alone.”
Paolo: “It's been fun working in a group, not the same kind of exciting fun as when you're playing basketball. When you do art, it makes you feel peaceful.”
Paulina: “You can learn from working with the other kids. By talking to each other you can find ways to do things.”
语篇解读：本文是记叙文。多伦多的学生每年都有机会和职业艺术家合作，共同描绘美丽画卷。
1．Each year, thousands of school children in Toronto________.
A．join the Inner City Angels
B．take part in the city's art programs
C．take art classes in different workshops
D．create paintings on the walls of their classrooms
解析：选B 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Each year in Toronto thousands of school children”和“These children work directly with professional (专业的) artists on different art programs.”可知，每年都有成千上万的学生参加多伦多的艺术项目。
2．Ms. McHaffie hopes the children________.
A．will understand the importance of design
B．can design a house of their own some day
C．will start learning easy things such as making a kite
D．can spread knowledge of how to put things together
解析：选A 推理判断题。根据第三段中Natalie McHaffie说的“My purpose is to teach the children about design”和“they can use that knowledge for other things they may want to do”可推测，她认为如何设计很重要，因此也希望孩子们理解设计的重要性。
3．What was the task of the sixteen students?
A．Collecting paintings at St. Bernard School.
B．Playing with the kindergarten kids.
C．Designing a classroom.
D．Painting on a wall.
解析：选D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“16 children at St. Bernard School to create a wall painting”可知，这16名学生的任务是创作一幅壁画。
4．We can infer from the text that all the four student artists________.
A．enjoyed the peace of their work
B．learned quite a lot from their work
C．said something good about each other
D．realized the advantages of group work
解析：选B 推理判断题。根据最后四段中的开头语可知，这四名学生都从这次的工作中受益匪浅。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Many people think teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is __1__ (necessary) for children to work at home in their free time. Moreover, they argue that most teachers do not __2__ (proper) plan the homework tasks they give to pupils. The results are that pupils have to repeat tasks which they have already done at school.
In Greece many parents__3__ (complain) about the difficult homework that teachers gave to their children. The parents said that most of the homework was __4__ waste of time, and they wanted to stop it. Spain and Turkey are two countries __5__ stopped homework. In Denmark, Germany and several other countries in Europe, teachers cannot set homework at weekends. In Holland, teachers allow pupils __6__ (stay) at school to do their homework. The children are free to help one another. Similar __7__ (arrange) also exists in some British schools.
Most people agree that homework is not fair. A pupil __8__ (do) his homework in a quiet and comfortable room is in a much __9__ (good) position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. Some parents are ready to help their children with their homework. But other parents take no interest __10__ their children's homework at all.
语篇解读：本文是议论文。主要讲述了不同的人对家庭作业的不同看法并分别举例进行了论证。
1．unnecessary 由后文的内容可知，此处要表达的意义是“没有必要的”，所以本空用unnecessary。
2．properly 修饰动词plan应该用副词。
3．complained 在本段中文章讲到了几个国家家长们对家庭作业的抱怨，是已经发生了的事情，所以此处用过去时态，填complained。
4．a a waste of“浪费……”，是固定短语。
5．which/that 引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语，先行词为two countries，所以本空用which/that。
6．to stay allow sb. to do“允许某人做……”，是固定短语。
7．arrangement 本空是句子的主语，前面还有形容词修饰，所以用名词。由单数的谓语动词可知用单数形式。
8．doing pupil是do的逻辑主语，二者是主动关系，所以要用现在分词作定语。
9．better 由后面的than判断本空用比较级better。
10．in take no interest in“对……不感兴趣”。
Unit 1 Cultural relics课时跟踪练（二）Warming Up & Reading — Language Points
一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．These animals are very rare (稀有的), and are protected by law.
2．There was a choice of four prizes, and the winner could select (挑选) one of them.
3．The job gave her a chance to get valuable (宝贵的) experience.
4．The Mogul Dynasty (王朝) ruled over India for centuries.
5．I really dislike her teaching style (风格)．
6．The woman had her jewels (珠宝) stolen last night. Luckily, in less than 8 hours, the thief was caught.
7．Both the blue and yellow dresses are pretty, but I prefer the former (前者)．
8．We went to the restaurant to have lunch, only to find that it was being decorated (装饰)．
9．The book, which is designed (设计) for children under 5 years old, must be simple and colourful.
10．The piano took up too much space, so I removed (搬开) it from the room.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．With the environment becoming better, many rarely birds are returning to this area.rarely→rare
2．I was amazing to hear that Chris had won the first prize.amazing→amazed
3．There was a time that there were no radios, no telephones or TV sets.that→when
4．I can't go to see a film with you. A lot of problems remain to be settle.settle→settled
5．I doubt that he can vote for us.that→whether/if
6．It is the way which you spoke to your mother that made her angry.which前加in或去掉which
7．The little girl survived in the earthquake without anything to eat.去掉in
8．The place remains where we call ruins.where→what
Ⅲ.选词填空
serve as， the former ... the latter， in the style of， be-long to， at war， less than， in return， in search of
1．Most of the furniture in the house is in_the_style_of the Ming Dynasty.
2．The large bottle served_as a flower vase for a long time in his room.
3．As far as I know, this vase is worth less_than 40 dollars.
4．Twenty soldiers were sent to the mountain in_search_of the trapped climber.
5．He gave me so much help when I was out of work. I wish I could give something to him in_return.
6．Don't take things that do not belong_to you.
7．When two countries were at_war,_troops of soldiers were sent to battlefront to fight.
8．Jane and Mary are good friends; the_former is a teacher and the_latter is a nurse.
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Frederick William Ⅰ， the King of Prussia, could never 1.have_imagined (imagine) that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an 2.amazing (amaze) history. Actually, the Amber Room 3.was_designed (design) for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. The room was made of several tons of amber. But the next King of Prussia decided to give it to the Russian people as 4.a gift of friendship. In return, the Czar sent a troop of his best soldiers to the Prussian. So the Amber Room became part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg. 5.It served as a small reception hall for important visitors. Later, Catherine Ⅱ had it moved to a palace 6.where she spent her summers. Before the Nazis got to the summer palace, the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects 7.from the Amber Room. Some of the Nazis 8.secretly (secret) stole the room itself. After that, 9.what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. Recently, the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room by studying old photos of the 10.former (form) one.
Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达
众所周知，文化遗产(cultural relics) 属于(belong to)全人类而不是个人。许多人努力去寻找(search for)它们。一些有价值的(valuable)文化遗产已遭破坏而只有少数幸免于难(survive)。所以为避免这一点我们每个人都应尽最大努力。毫无疑问(there is no doubt)，保护好文化遗产是我们的责任。因此，我们一定会让他们得到很好的保护(have sth. done)。
It's_well-known_that_cultural_relics_belong_to_the_human_beings_rather_than_individuals._A_lot_of_people_try_their_best_to_search_for_them._Some_valuable_cultural_relics_have_been_damaged_while_only_a_few_survive._So_in_order_to_avoid_this,_everyone_of_us_should_make_all_our_efforts._There_is_no_doubt_that_it_is_our_duty_to_protect_cultural_relics._Therefore,_we're_sure_to_have_them_protected_well.
二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧
Ⅰ.完形填空
Why is setting goals important? Because goals may __1__ you to experience everything you want in life. __2__ just letting life happen to you, goals allow you to make your life happen.
__3__ people imagine how their life should be and set lots of goals. By setting goals you are __4__ your life. It's like having a map to __5__ you where you want to go. Think of it this way. There are two __6__. One has a destination (目的地) in mind (her goal), which can be __7__ on a map. She can drive there __8__ without any wasted time or __9__ turns. The other driver is __10__. She has no goal, destination or map. Without a clear __11__， she never gets anywhere, and just uses up gas. Which driver do you want to __12__？
Winners in life set goals and follow through on them. They __13__ what they want in life by making __14__ and setting goals. Unsuccessful people just let life happen __15__. In fact, goals aren't difficult to set. It __16__ you to find out what your goals really are. You are the one who must decide what to __17__ and in what direction to aim your life.
Research tells us that __18__ we write a goal down we are more likely to reach it. Written goals can be reviewed __19__， and have more power. Like a contract (合同) with yourself, they are harder to __20__. Writing your goals down will bring you nearer to your goal if you work on it.
1．A.help B．invite
C．advise D．order
解析：选A 有了奋斗的目标，你才有可能获得自己渴望的东西，所以目标可以“帮助(help)”你实现愿望。
2．A.As for B．Except for
C．Instead of D．Because of
解析：选C 目标帮你实现人生，“而不是(Instead of)”让你听天由命。
3．A.Lucky B．Honest
C．Young D．Successful
解析：选D 由该空后的“imagine ... set lots of goals”可知，这里是说“成功(Successful)”者都是对人生有憧憬的人，他们会树立很多目标。
4．A.making fun of B．taking control of
C．getting along with D．catching sight of
解析：选B 由该空前的“By setting goals”可知，有了目标，你就可以“掌控(taking control of)”自己的人生。
5．A.show B．warn
C．wish D．follow
解析：选A 由该空前后内容可知，这里是说就像地图可以帮你“指(show)”路一样。
6．A.guests B．singers
C．drivers D．teachers
解析：选C 下文的“The other driver”是提示。
7．A.missed B．found
C．accepted D．started
解析：选B 由该空前的“One has a destination (目的地) in mind”可知，心中有了目的地，这样就可以在地图上“找到(found)”要去的地方。
8．A.safely B．suddenly
C．carefully D．directly
解析：选D 结合上文内容可知，这里是说她能一路“直达(directly)”，无需浪费时间或是拐“错(wrong)”弯。
9．A.wrong B．quick
C．wide D．full
解析：选A 参见上题解析。
10．A.impolite B．impatient
C．different D．experienced
解析：选C 由该空后的“She has no goal, destination or map.”可知，另一个司机“大不相同(different)”。
11．A.memory B．purpose
C．question D．reason
解析：选B 由该空后的“she never gets anywhere, and just uses up gas”可知，这位司机没有明确的“目的(purpose)”。
12．A.tell B．beat
C．punish D．become
解析：选D 作者在此试问读者：你想“成为(become)”哪位司机呢？
13．A.prepare for B．worry about
C．take off D．give up
解析：选A 由该空前的“Winners in life set goals and follow through on them.”可知，为了得到他们所想要的，成功者会通过制定“计划(plans)”、设定目标去做“准备(prepare for)”。
14．A.choices B．plans
C．friends D．mistakes
解析：选B 参见上题解析。
15．A.as well B．in turn
C．by accident D．at times
解析：选C 失败者只会听天由命，故填by accident。
16．A.calls for B．goes after
C．turns to D．depends on
解析：选D 事实上，定目标不难。找到人生目标，全“靠(depends on)”个人。
17．A.write B．discuss
C．achieve D．celebrate
解析：选C 由该空前后内容可知，这里是说要自己去决定想要“实现(achieve)”什么以及人生的方向在哪里。
18．A.when B．before
C．though D．whether
解析：选A “当(when)”我们把目标写出来后，实现的可能性就大了。
19．A.slowly B．regularly
C．normally D．completely
解析：选B 你可以“定期(regularly)”对写在纸上的目标进行审视，从中获得动力。
20．A.offer B．improve
C．describe D．forget
解析：选D 由该空前的“Like a contract (合同) with yourself”可知，像签订的合同一样，写下的目标很难“忘记(forget)”。
Ⅱ.短文改错
I'm glad to know that you had an interest in Chinese food. Here I'd like to tell you something about it. Chinese food is famous with its wide variety. The food in one area can be easy told from those in another. For example, Shanghai food, a little bit sweet, differ from Sichuan food, that is rather hot. However, every kind of Chinese food is worth trying, because each has a delicious taste but is good for health. Since the restaurant in China usually serves special dishes of different area, you can enjoy various Chinese food whenever you are. I'm looking forward to meet you here so that I can tell you more about Chinese food at table.
答案：第一句：had→have
第三句：with→for
第四句：easy→easily; those→that
第五句：differ→differs; that→which
第六句：but→and
第七句：area→areas; whenever→wherever
第八句：meet→meeting
