外研版高中英语必修五模块复习课件

课件102张PPT。Module 1　
British and American English知识清单知识归纳(一)基本单词1. ____________ n．语言学家
2. ____________ n．口音
3. ___________ adj. 显然的, 显而易见的
4. ____________ n．(英)高速公路
5. ____________ n． (英)地铁
6. ____________ adj. (美)地铁linguistaccentobviousmotorwayundergroundsubway7. ____________ n．(美)手电筒; 火把
8. ____________ vi．(英)排队(等候)
9. ____________ n．介词
10. ____________ vt．比较
11. ____________ vt．省略
12. ____________ n. 评论; 讲话
13. ____________ adv. 不断地; 持续地
14. ____________ n. 卫星flashlightqueueprepositioncompareomitremarksteadilysatellite15. ____________ n. 轻打; 轻弹; 抖动
16. ____________ n．开关
17. ____________ n．结构; 体系
18. ____________ adv．迅速地
19. ____________ n．语言学
20. ____________ n. (广播、电视节目的)
期; 版
21. ____________ adj. 逗人喜爱的
22. ____________ vt. 加; 增加switchstructurerapidlylinguisticseditioncuteaddflick23. ____________ vt. 陈述; 提出(观点、
计划等)
24. ____________ n．努力; 尝试
25. ____________ vt．简化
26. ____________ n．组合; 结合
27. ____________ adj．与众不同的
28. ____________ n. 外观; 外表; 样子
29. ____________ vt. 批评
30. ____________ n. 参考; 查阅attemptsimplifycombinationdistinctivelookpresentcriticisereference31. ___________ adj.令人困惑的; 难懂的
→__________ adj.感到困惑的
→__________ v．使……困惑
32. ____________ n．种类
→__________ v．变化, 不同
→__________ adj.各种各样的
33. ____________ vi.不同, 有区别
→__________ adj. 不同的
→__________ n．不同; 差异(二) 派生单词confusingconfusedconfusevarietyvaryvariousdifferdifferentdifference34. __________ n．移民; 定居者
→________ v．定居; 殖民; 解决
→_________ n．殖民地
35. _____________ n．声明; 宣告
→___________ v．宣布
→___________ n．播音员, 广播员
36. ___________ adj.标准的
→_________ n．标准
37. ___________ n．参考; 查阅
→_________ v．参考; 查阅; 涉及到settlersettlesettlementannouncementannounceannouncerstandardstandardreferencerefer1. _________________ 有相同的特点
2. _________________使不相同
3. _________________四处走动(旅行)
4. _________________与……相似
5. __________________________
做某事有困难
6. ________________ 引起; 导致
7. ________________ 同意; 支持(三) 短语have... in commonmake a differenceget aroundbe similar tohave difficulty (in) doing sth.lead toin favor of8. ________________ 称……为……
9. ________________ 幸亏, 多亏
10. _______________ 排除等候
11. ________________ 在某方面
12. _______________与…作斗争[争吵],
反对…refer to...asthanks toqueue upin…wayfight against核心要点1. confusing adj. 令人困惑的; 难懂的
【教材原句】
Sometimes the same word has a slightly
different meaning, which can be confusing.
有时候, 同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人很困惑。
【拓展】
confuse vt. 使迷惑; 使难于理解
confused adj. 感到迷惑的, 感到难懂的
confusion n．困惑, 混乱; 混淆(一)单词 【归纳】
confuse A with/and B 把A和B相混淆
be confused by sth. 被……搞糊涂了
get/become confused 困惑, 不知所措
in confusion 困惑地; 困窘地根据所给中英文提示完成下列句子。
1) 我被这么多的事情搞糊涂了。
I _____________ by so many things.
2) 我总是把你和你妹妹搞混—你们俩长得太像了。
I always _________________________
— you look so alike.was confused? confuse you with your sister2. compare v. 比较
【教材原句】
Prepositions, too, can be different: compare on the team, on the weekend (American) with in the team, at the weekend (British).
介词的用法也有所不同: 比较一下on the team, on the weekend (美国用法)和in the team, at the weekend (英国用法)。【归纳】
compare作及物动词时, 意为“比较, 把……比作”。
compare A and/with/to B A与B比较 compare作不及物动词时, 意为 “与……相比”
compare with / to 与……相比根据汉语提示, 完成下列句子。
1) _______________________________(这件外套和那件比较一下), and you will see which is better.
2) ___________________________________ (跟她已经有的相比), the new stamps were not very interesting.
3) When _____________________________
__________(比较这两种语言), you should pay special attention to their differences. Compare this coat with/to that oneCompared with/to what she had already you compare/comparing the twolanguages4) _____________________(毫无相似之处) between Beethoven and pop music.
5) I’m afraid my English ________________
_____________(比不上她的). There’s no comparison? compares poorlywith / to hers3. differ vi. 不同, 有区别; 持不同看法
【教材原句】
The other two areas in which the two varieties differ are spelling and pronunciation. 这两种英语中另外两个不同的方面是拼写和发音。
【归纳】
differ from 不同于……
differ in 在……方面不同
agree to differ 求同存异
differ about/on/over sth. 在某事上有分歧
differ with sb. 与某人有分歧【拓展】
different adj. 不同的
difference n. 差别, 不同
make a difference 对……有影响
make no/some/much difference
没有/有一些/有很大影响根据汉语意思, 完成下列句子。
1) 甚至同一棵树的叶子也彼此不同。
Even the leaves of the same tree ______ ___________________________.
2) 关于抚养孩子的最佳方法人们看法不一。
Opinions ____________________ the best way to ________________. differdiffer on/about/overfrom one another / each other?bring up children? 3) 她好像每天都穿不同的衣服。
She seems ______________________ every day.
4) 这两组人的主要区别是年龄。
The ______________________ the two groups was age.to wear different clothes?main difference between4. remark vt. 谈到, 评论　
vi. 讲述; 观察
n．评论, 谈论, 言辞
【教材原句】
When the Irish writer George Bernard
Shaw made the famous remark that the
British and the Americans are two nations
divided by a common language, he was
obviously thinking about the differences.
当爱尔兰作家萧伯纳讲那句名言---英国和美国是被同一种语言分开的两个民族的时候, 他显然想到了它们的区别。【归纳】
remark on / upon ... 就……发表意见
remark后也可跟that从句
make a remark about sth.
发表关于……的评论
【拓展】
remarkable adj. 值得注意的, 显著的,
相当不错的
remarkably adv. 相当地, 非常地把下列句子翻译成汉语。
1) My mother remarked how tired I looked.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????? ???
2) The similarities between the two have often been remarked on.
??????????????????????????????????????????????????????
3) Jim made a number of rude remarks about the food here. 我母亲说我看上去显得特别累。人们经常谈到这两者的相似之处。关于这里的食物吉姆做了许多无礼的评论。5. variation n. 变化, 变动, 变体
【教材原句】
After all, there is probably as much variation of pronunciation within the two countries as between them.
毕竟, 两个国家境内的口音差别可能跟两国之间的口音差别一样多。
【拓展】
vary v. 变化, 改变;
various adj. 不同的, 各种各样的;
variable adj. 可变的, 易变的;
varied adj. 多种多样的, 多变的;
variety n. 多种多样, 品种用vary的正确形式填空。
1) My taste in classical music ______ greatly, but I usually prefer Mozart.
2) The films she makes are all _________ on the same theme.
3) There are _______ ways to answer your question.
4) The quality of the hotel food is distinctly ________.
5) The lake has more than 20 ________ of fish.varies?variationsvarious?variablevarieties6. add vt. 加; 增加
【教材原句】
Now add some more ideas in favour of your
chosen variety. 现在再增加一些观点来支持
你选择的英语变体。
【归纳】
add to 使(数量)增加, 使(规模)扩大
add ... to ... 往……添加……
add up 合乎情理, 有道理
add (sth.) up (把……)加起来
add up to 总计为, 意味着用add短语的适当形式填空。
1) This music _______ our pleasure and makes us relaxed.
2) Please ______ these figures and you will know the result of the competition.
3) Do you believe that Lincoln’s education ___________ no more than one year?
4) Since then, the Great Wall has been _________, rebuilt and repaired, especially during the Ming Dynasty.
5) Please ______ sugar and milk ______ your coffee. They will make it more delicious.?adds toadd upadded up to added toadd?to ?7. present vt. 赠送, 颁发(礼物、奖品等), 提交,
陈述; 呈现, 出示; 介绍, 引见　
n． 礼物, 赠品; 现在
adj. 在场的, 出席的; 现在的
【教材原句】
Present your ideas to the rest of the class.
把你的观点展示给班上其他的同学。
【归纳】
at present＝at the present time
目前, 现在for the present 暂时
up to the present 至今　
be present at 出席
present sth. to sb./ present sb. with sth.
向某要赠送/展示某物
present sb. to sb.
正式把某人介绍、引见给某人(地位级别较高的人)present用作形容词, 表示“在场的”时, 通常作表语或后置定语; 表示“现在的”时常用作前置定语。
e.g. I’m not at all satisfied with the
present situation.
There were 200 people present at the
meeting.根据所给汉语提示, 完成下列句子。
1) 不知怎么搞的, 似乎始终没有出现适当的机会。
Somehow the right chance never seemed to ____________.
2) 据说有三十位客人出席这次典礼。
It was said that thirty guests ___________ at the ceremony.
3) 目前我们还没有进一步的消息。
We don’t have any further information ___________________________.present itself? were present at present / at the present time8. attempt n．企图; 试图; 尝试; 努力
【教材原句】
Can you see any similarities between Webster’s work and attempts to simplify Chinese? 你能看出韦伯斯特的工作和尝试简化汉语之间的相似之处吗? 　
【归纳】
make an attempt to do/at doing sth.
试图做某事
make an attempt on 试图夺取
at one’s first attempt 某人第一次尝试
in an attempt to do sth. 努力做某事attempt vt. 试图; 企图
后常接动词不定式作宾语
attempt＋sth./pron. 尝试……
attempt ＋to do /doing sth.
尝试做某事根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。
1) Two factories were closed _______________________ (为削减费用).
2) The patient _______________________
_________________ (尝试着坐起来) but failed.
3) (我首次试着学开车)? _________________
_______________?was unsuccessful.in an attempt to cut costsmade an attempt to sit up /My first attempt atattempted to sit uplearning to drive1. have ... in common (with)
(和……) 在……方面有相同之处
【教材原句】
We have really everything in common with America nowadays, except of course, language.
当然, 除了语言外, 如今我们确实在所有方面都和美国一样。(二)短语【拓展】
have a lot (much)/something/little/
nothing in common with
与……有很多/有一些/几乎没有/没有相同之处
in common (with) (与……)相同, 一样
out of the common 不寻常的, 特殊的2. make a difference (to sb. / sth.)
(对某人/某事物)有作用或影响; (对某
人/某事物)重要、要紧
【教材原句】
It doesn’t make much of a difference whether a teacher speaks British or America English.
老师讲英国英语和美国英语并没有太大的区别。【拓展】
make no/little difference (to sb./sth.)
(对某人/某事物)没有/几乎没有作用或
影响; (对某人/某事物)不重要、不要紧
make some difference (to sb./sth.)
(对某人/某事物)有些作用或影响
make much difference to
对……有很大影响(作用)
make a difference between
区别对待, 不同对待根据汉语意思完成下列句子。
1) 你是去是留对我都无所谓。
It doesn’t ___________________ to me whether you go or stay.
2) 学习驾驶时, 若有一位好教练指导, 效果则大不相同。
When you’re learning to drive, having a good teacher makes _______________
_______________.make any differencea big difference/all the difference3. have difficulty (in) doing sth.
做某事有困难
介词in可以省略
【教材原句】
A Londoner has more difficulty understanding a Scotsman from Glasgow than understanding a New Yorker.
一个伦敦人要听懂来自格拉斯哥的苏格兰人讲话可能比理解一个纽约人更难。 【拓展】
表示“做某事有困难”还可以用下列几
种结构：
have difficulty with sth.
There is (some) difficulty (in) doing sth.
do sth. with difficulty
It’s difficult (for sb.) to do sth.difficulty意为“困难”时, 为不可数名词, 相当于trouble, 其前可用some, any, no, great, much, little等修饰。 You can’t imagine what difficulty we had _____ home in the snowstorm.??
A. walked???????? B. walk????????
C. to walk????? D. walkingD 4. lead to 导致, 引起; 通向
其中to是介词, 后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语
【教材原句】
But it has also led to lots of American words and structures passing into British English, so that some people now believe that British English will disappear. 但是这也致使许多美式英语单词和结构传入英式英语，以至于现在有一些人相信英式英语将要消失。 【拓展】
lead to 还可译为“导致, 招致”, 相当于
result in或cause。
lead sb. to＋n. 带领……通往/到……
lead sb. to do sth. 使……做……
lead to sb. / sth. doing sth.
导致某人/某物做某事
lead a ...life 过着……的生活We firmly believe that war never settles anything. It only ____ violence. ??
A. runs into???? B. comes from??
C. leads to???? D. begins with C 5. in favour of (sb./sth.) 赞同, 支持;
对……有利
【教材原句】
Now add some more ideas in favour of your
chosen variety. 现在再增加一些观点来支持
你选择的英语变体。
【拓展】
in favour 赞同的; 流行的; 得宠的
in favour with sb. 受某人恩宠
in sb.’s favour 对某人有利的(地)
out of favour 失宠的; 不流行的do sb. a favour/do a favour for sb.
帮某人忙
owe sb. a favour 欠某人情份
do oneself a favour 照顾自己【联想】
in＋n.＋of 结构短语
in need of 需要
in honour of 为纪念……
in memory of 为纪念……
in search of 搜寻……
in face of 面对
in danger of 面对……的危险
in charge of 负责
in possession of 拥有根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1) Could you ______________ (帮我一个忙) and pick up Sam from school today?
2) I came here to _______________ (请你帮个忙).
3) I’m all ___________ (赞成) equal pay for equal work.
4) The new rules should actually work
______________ (对你有利).do me a favourask you a favourin favour ofin your favour...it has been possible to do...　
……做……是可能的
在此句式中it为形式主语, to do不定式为真正主语。it作形式主语笼统地讲分 为三种情况：
It + 谓语+ to do / doing / 名词性从句(三)句式具体说可分为以下常见几种句型：
It is＋n./adj.＋that.../to do sth.
It is/was＋p.p.＋that...
It seems/looks＋that.../as if...
It happened/happens that...
It’s no use/good doing sth.
It makes no difference that...2. Americans use a flashlight, while for the British, it's a torch.
美国人把手电筒称为flashlight, 而英国人却叫它torch。
while此处表示对比, 同whereas, 意为“而, 然而”。
while用作连词还可意为：
1) 在……期间, 当……的时候
2) 与……同时 3) 虽然; 尽管while用作名词:
after a while 过了一会儿
all the while 一直, 始终
in a short while 一会儿以后
once in a while 偶尔, 间或
worth one's while 值得动词时态复习 (四)语法用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面对话。
Jimmy: Hello, David. 1. ______ you ________ (finish) your homework yet?
David: No, but maybe the teacher 2. _________ (ask) for it.
Jimmy: No such luck. The teacher always 3. ________ (demand) us to hand in our homework on time. Havefinishedwon’t ask?demands?David: But I had a cold last night. I 4. ________________ (have) a fever now.
Jimmy: Then you should explain it to the teacher. He 5. _________________ (come) soon.
David: Yes, I will.have / am havingis coming/will come 如何介绍一种语言
【写作任务】
假设你是李华, 最近你在互联网上结识了英国笔友Jimmy, 他很想学汉语。请你给他写封电子邮件, 介绍一下汉语以及学习汉语的一些方法。
注意：1. 词数120左右(开头语已给出, 但不计入总词数); 2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。(五)写作Dear Jimmy,
How are you doing? I am happy that you want to learn Chinese.
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
???????????????????? ????????????????????????? ????????Best wishes!
???? ????????????????????????????????????????????? ???????????Li Hua【写作指导】
审题定调
本写作要求写电子邮件, 主体内容是介绍汉语及其学习方法, 故体裁是说明文。时态以一般现在时为主, 人称以第三人称和第二人称为主。布局谋篇
内容要点：
1. 简要介绍汉语的地位（全世界使用人数最多的语言, 联合国工作语言之一）及其特点（字音分离等）;
2. 介绍学习汉语的方法;
3. 表示愿意提供帮助, 希望互相学习, 互相促进。常用表达
描述语言的名词及短语：language, development, influence, history, culture, native language, mother tongue, second language等。
描述语言的动词及短语：speak, use, learn, understand, listen, speak, study, master, grasp, be used by / in, be regarded as, be considered to be等。描述语言的形容词及副词：popular, official, international, formal, informal, widely等。
★ ... is one of the most popular languages in the world.
... is one of the world’s major languages.
About ... people speak ..., making up ...
... is spoken by ... people.
... is one of the six official languages of the United Nations.
More and more people are beginning to learn ...
I’m sure ... will have an even brighter future.
It is easy / difficult to grasp ...【范文展示】
Dear Jimmy,
How are you doing? I am happy that you want to learn Chinese.
Chinese is one of the world’s major languages, and it is spoken by more than a billion people. It is also one of the six official languages of the United Nations. With the development of China’s economy, more and more people are beginning to learn Chinese.However, it is difficult for foreigners to grasp Chinese, because of its separate writing and pronunciation. Like other languages, it calls for learners’ interest, willingness and hard work. What’s more, you have to pay attention to your learning method. Make a plan and follow it. Listening to Chinese music or watching Chinese movies will also help. Find a Chinese teacher if possible.
I hope we can help each other in our language studies.
???????????????????????? ?? Best wishes!
??????????????????????????????????? Li Hua高考链接单项填空
— Exercise me, which movie are you waiting for?
—— The new Star Wars. We ______ here for more than two hours. （2016 北京）
waited B. wait
C. would be waiting D. have been waiting
D
2. I ______ half of the English novel, and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend. （2016 北京）
read B. have read
C. am reading D. will read
B
3. The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _____ with success in the end. （2016 北京）
rewarded B. were rewarded
C. will reward D. will be rewarded
D
4. More efforts, as reported, _____ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform. （2016 江苏）
are made B. will be made
C. are being made D. have been made
B巩固练习I.用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.?The company's exports have grown ________ (steady).
2.?I know you don't like her, but must you show it so ____________ (obvious)?
3.?Sometimes the same word has a slightly different meaning, which can be _______ (confuse).
4. When the first ________ (settle) moved into the area they faced immense hardships.steadily obviously???confusing? settlers 5. New Zealand has a big safari park which has a(n) ________ (vary) of wild animals.
6.?Keeping fit requires a(n) ______________ (combine) of healthy eating and regular exercise.
7.?You can listen to the _______________ (announce) on the train, and it will tell you when we will get there.
8.?He was studying the complex similarities and ______________ (differ) between humans and animals. variety combination announcement differences II.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1. The teacher ________ ________ ________ (和) the students is planting trees.
2. Her teaching style ________ ________ ________(与……相似) that of most other teachers.
3. There's nothing but woods _______ ________ ________ ________ ________ (在……的另一边) the highway. as well as???? is similar
to???? ???? on
the other side of ? ?? ? 4. All the information is available ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (按一下开关).
5. It was his careless driving that ________ ________ (导致) the traffic accident.
6. At the age of 85, my grandma still ________ ________ (四处走动) quite well. at
the flick of a
switch led
to goes around???? 7. Having been ill for several days, now Tom ________ ________ ________ (在……方面有困难) keeping up with the rest of the class.
8. ________ ________ (与……相比较) her mother, she is much taller.??
9. The doctor ________ ________ ________ ________ (被称为) the “barefoot doctor” by us.has difficulty in????? ??? Compared with ? is referred to
as Ⅲ. 用括号内内容的正确形式完成下面短文。
I 1. __________ (be) in Mr. Rodrigues's physical education class for two months. I enjoy it a lot and 2. ___________ (miss) only two classes since the beginning of the semester. I especially like tennis, but since September we 3. _______________ (not, play) tennis have been???? have missed?????? ???? haven't played?? ??????? because the weather has been too cold. I also like volleyball, and my team 4. ________ (win) two games since we 5. ________ (start) to compete with Lincoln High School. I'm looking forward to the next game. has won??started Ⅳ. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的
内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形
式。
Two thousand years ago, English did not exist. A thousand years ago, it was used by less than two million people. Now, it is the most important language in the world, 1. ________ (speak) by more than a billion people on the planet, as their first, second or third language. spoken English nowadays 2. ________ (use) in science, business, the media and popular culture. But where will English be at the end of the 21st century?
One view is that English is going to become even 3. ________ (much) important as a global language. Another view is that English is breaking 4. ________ into several separate languages. is used? more upThere are already dictionaries of the “New Englishes”, such as Australian English, full of words that British English 5. ________ (speak) would not recognize. Hopefully, neither of these things 6. _________ (happen). Although different varieties of English will continue to develop around the world, standard English will survive for international communication. speakers will happen?However, it is 7. _________ (possible) for one language to totally control the world. Already, other languages are fighting back against the control of English on the Net. Also, governments around the world 8. ____________ (start) to protect smaller languages and recognize the importance of 9. ________ (keep)impossible are starting?keeping a variety of cultures and languages. English will probably stay 10. ________ control for a long time, but it certainly won't become the only language in the world. in课件73张PPT。Module 2　
A Job Worth Doing 知识清单知识归纳(一)基本单词1. ________ n. 志愿者
2. ____ vi. (主动) 提出(愿意做某事)
3. _______ n. 合同; 契约
4. _________ adj. 长久的; 永久的; 永恒的
5. _______ adj. 必不可少的; 重要的
6. _______ adj.感激的; 感谢的
7. ________ adj. 可获得的
8. _______ n. 要求; 需要volunteeroffercontractpermanentessentialgratefulavailabledemand9. ______ vt. 遵守
10. _________ n. 相遇; 邂逅
11. ________ adj. （影响）深刻的; 极大的
12. _______ n. 任务; 指责; 使命
13. ____ vt. 挣（钱）
14. _____ n. 工资; 薪水
15. _____ vi. 申请
16. _____ vi. 遭受（痛苦）
17. ________ adj. 外向的
18. __________ n. 个性; 性格respectencounterprofoundmissionearnsalaryapplysufferoutgoingpersonality1. ________ adj.令人满意的
_______ adj. 感到满意的 _____ v. 使满意
__________ n. 满意
__________ adj. 令人满意的
2. ________ adj. 充满压力的; 紧张的
_____ n. 压力
3. _____ vt. 指挥
_______ n. 指导者, 导演, 指挥
________ n. 指挥, 指导, 方向(二)派生单词satisfyingsatisfiedsatisfysatisfactionsatisfactorystressfulstressdirectdirectordirection4. _____ vi. 冻住; 冻僵 ______ n. 冰箱 _______ adj. 极冷的
______ adj. 结冰的; 冻住的
5. ____ vt. 签字; 签署 ________ n. 签字
_____ n. 信号
6. ______ vt. 需要 ___________ n. 需要
_______ (v. & n.) 需要
7. _________ adj. 传统的
________ n. 传统freezefreezerfreezingfrozensignsignaturesignalrequirerequirementdemandtraditionaltradition1. 尤其, 特别, 专门的
2. 在理论上
3. 经过
4. 平均
5. 实际上; 在实践中
6. 以为……理所当然
7. 对……产生影响
8. 站好位置以备……
9. 注意到
10. 作为……的回应in particularin theorypass byon averagein practicetake... for grantedhave an effect ontake uptake notice ofin response to(三)短语核心要点1. offer v.&n. (主动) 提出(愿意做某事);
提供; 出价
【教材原句】
This person has offered to do a job – and may not be paid for doing it. 这个人主动做某项工作, 为此也许不会得到报酬。
【归纳】
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
offer sb. sth./offer sth. to sb. 提供某物给某人
accept/ refuse an offer 接受/谢绝好意
accept one’s offer 接受某人的建议(一)单 词根据汉语意思, 完成下列句子。
1) 令我高兴的是, 晚会结束后他主动提出开车送我回家。
To my joy, he ______________ me home after the party.
2) 我感激地接住了她端给我的那杯咖啡。
I gratefully took the cup of coffee
_____________. offered to drive?? she offered me?? 2. direct vt. & vi. 指导; 指挥; 指向; 担任导演
direct sb. to do sth. 指导某人做某事
direct sb. to sp. 为某人指引去某地的路
【教材原句】
Timoteo stands on the bend and directs the traffic. 铁穆特欧站在转弯处指挥着交通。
【拓展】
1) adj. 直的, 不弯曲的; 直接的
in a direct line 成一条直线
2) adv. 直接地, 一直
3) direction n. 方向, 方位, 指挥in the direction of 朝……方向
under the direction of 在……指挥下
director n. 导演, 主任
directly adv. 直接地, 立即3. apply vt. 应用; 敷 vi. 申请, 适用; 专心
【教材原句】
Now think of some more questions to ask
people applying for theses jobs. 现在想出更多
的问题来问申请这些工作的人们。
【归纳】
be applied to 适用于; 应用于; 施加于
apply to sb. for sth. 向某人申请某物
apply for 申请; 请求, 接洽
apply oneself to 致力于; 集中精力做某事
apply sth. to 把……运用于……
apply to 牵涉到; 运用于; 向……询问【拓展】
applied adj. 应用的, 实用的
application n. 请求, 申请, 申请表,
应用; 应用程序, 应用软件
applicant n. 申请人翻译下列句子。
1) 这项新技术已应用于农业。
2) 安全驾驶的条例适用于每一个人。
3) 他向公安部门申请了护照。The new technology has been applied to farming.The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.He applied to the police for a passport.4. require v. 需要; 要求, 规定; 命令
【教材原句】
SALES STAFF required in well-known
clothes shop. 知名服装店需要销售人员。
【归纳】
require(s) sth.
require doing = require to be done
需要……
require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
require sth. of sb. 要求某人某事require＋that从句 (从句中的谓语动词应用“should＋动词原形”或直接接动词原形)为“(强制性地)要求(某事物)” 。
温馨提示：
1) requirement 的同位语从句和表语从句
中的谓语动词应用“(should)＋动词原
形”。
2) require 后面不能直接接动词不定式作
宾语。5. demand v. & n. 需求; 请求
【教材原句】
But there will also be a rise in the demand for health care professionals.
而对健康护理专家的需求也会增加。
【归纳】
demand sth. from/ of sb. 向某人要求某物
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
demand+ that-clause (从句虚拟, 谓语动词用should do, should 可省略。) 翻译下列句子。
1) 工人们在要求提高工资。
2) 他要求将一切都告诉他。The workers are demanding higher pay.He demands that he (should) be told / demands to be told everything.in demand＝in need 需求
satisfy/ meet one’s demands 满足需求
on demand 一经要求辨析 demand, request, require与ask
demand 指理直气壮地提出强烈要求或坚持不让对方拒绝的要求。
request 正式词, 指非常正式、有礼貌的请求, 含担心因种种原因对方不能答应的意味。
require 强调根据事业、需要或纪律、法律等而提出的要求。
ask 普通用词, 指向对方提出要求或请求, 长晚辈、上下级之间都可以使用。6. suffer vt. 遭受; 蒙受……
宾语常为punishment, damage, loss, defeat, pain等。
【教材原句】
But many youngsters will need professional care, too: 14 million Americans suffer from speech or language problems, and six million of them are under the age of 18.
但是很多年轻人也需要专业护理: 1400万的美国人有说话或语言障碍, 其中有600万人年龄在18岁以下。【拓展】
1) vi. suffer from “受……折磨; 遭受……之苦; 患……疾病”, 常接pain, sadness, a lack of sth., a disease等词或疾病名。
2) suffering n. [U]痛苦, 苦恼
[C]劳苦, 困难完成下列句子。
1) He ____________________ (受了好多苦) when he was a child.
2) Do you often ____________________ (遭受头痛的折磨吗)?suffered a lot (of pain)suffer from a headache1. have an effect on 对……产生影响
【教材原句】
This last experience had a profound effect on Timoteo.
最后的这次经历对铁穆特欧产生了重大的影响。
【拓展】
have no/little/much/a great effect on
对……没有/几乎没有/有很大/有重大影响
have the effect of 产生……的结果
bring/put sth. into effect 使生效, 实施
come into effect 生效, 开始实施
take effect 开始起作用, 见效
in effect 实际上, 有效(二)短 语根据括号内所给的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1) It is said that violent video games _______
________ (对……有影响) kids’ brains.
2) The new tax law will not __________ (生效) until January.
3) ________(实际上), ??increasing numbers of people choose to work from home nowadays.
4) I spoke to him _________________ (没有作用); he went on just the same.?have antake effect? In effect?? without any effecteffect on2. take... for granted 以为……理所当然
【教材原句】
But often they just pass by, taking the
human traffic signal for granted. 但是大多数
情况下, 司机们开着车就过去了, 把人体交通
标志看作理所当然的事情。
【拓展】
take sb./ sth. for granted
(习以为常) 不把……当回事
take it for granted＋that-clause
认为……理所当然
温馨提示：take it for granted that-clause中,
it为形式宾语, 真正的宾语为that-clause。3. take up 接受; 拿起; 开始; 继续; 占据
【教材原句】
And so every morning, week in, week
out, from dawn to dusk, Timoteo takes
up his place on the bend and directs the
traffic.
于是, 每天早晨, 铁穆特欧都来到路的
拐弯处站好自己的位置, 开始指挥来往
车辆, 从拂晓到黄昏, 一周又一周。【拓展】
take away 减去; 拿走
take in 吸收; 包括; 领会; 欺骗
take down 拆除; 写下
take off 脱下; 起飞; 匆匆离开; 取消
take on 呈现; 雇用; 承担; 装载
take out 带……出去; 除掉; 毁掉
take over 接收; 接管
take turns 轮流take it easy 别紧张
take charge of 承担; 负责; 掌管
take part in 参加
take place 发生; 进行
take the place of 代替
take one’s time 从容进行; 慢慢来
take... into account/ consideration 考虑……4. in response to 作为……的回应; 回答
【教材原句】
I am writing in response to your advertisement for a temporary position as a waiter. 我从广告中得知你们要招聘临时服务生, 特此提出申请。
【拓展】
give/ make no response to
对……不予回答
as a response to＝in response to
作为……的反应
respond to 对……回答; 对……有反应;
respond＋that-clause 回答……1. He was driving a lorry load of bananas when he came off the road at a bend and fell three hundred meters down the mountain.
当他正开着满载香蕉的卡车要驶过一个弯道的时候, 他连人带车翻到了300多米深的山崖下。
when为并列连词, 意为：就在那时, 相当于at that time。
...be doing...when...正在做……这时……(三)句 式...be about to do...when...
正打算做……这时……
be just going to do...when...
正要……这时……
e.g.
We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.
He was just about to say something when Helen turned around.2. Although there is not a lot of traffic, on average, one vehicle comes off the road every two weeks.
尽管交通量不大, 但平均每两周就有一辆车驶出公路。
although引导让步状语从句。注意此类从句中主句不用but, 但可用yet。
e.g. Although his business is small, (yet)
he makes good bread. 温馨提示
although 从句只能用正常语序。
as或though从句一般放在主句前, 常用倒装语序。从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是单数名词, 前置时要省略冠词。
e.g. Smart though/ as she is, she doesn’t
study hard.
Though she is smart, she doesn’t study
hard.
Although she is smart, she doesn’t study
hard.动词时态复习 (四)语法1. —Did you ask Sophia for help?
—I _____ need to — I managed perfectly well on my own.
A. wouldn’t??? ?????????? B. don’t
C. didn’t ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. won’t
2. —Did you catch what I said?
—Sorry. I _____ a text message just now.??
A. had answered ? ?B. have answered
C. would answer ? ? D. was answeringCD 3. After Jack had sent some e-mails, he _____ working on his project.
A. had started ? ? ? B. has started
C. started????????? ??? D. starts
4. The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he _____ some European business partners.
A. would meet ? ? ? ?B. is meeting
C. meets ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. had metCD 如何写求职信
【写作任务】
假设你是李华, 最近你校外籍教师Smith想为他的女儿找一名中文家教。请你用英语写一封求职信。内容主要包括：
1. 个人情况：性别、年龄等; ???
2. 个人特长：语文和英语都学得很好、善于交流、有耐心;
3. 优势：有相关经验, 曾为外国人辅导中文。(五)写 作注意：
1. 词数120左右(开头已给出, 但不计入总词数);
2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Smith,
My name is Li Hua, a 16-year-old student in the school where you work. _____
____________________________________
?????????????????????????????????????????? Yours sincerely,
?????????????????????????????????????????? Li Hua【写作指导】
审题定调
本写作要求写求职信, 体裁是应用文。人称以第一人称为主, 时态以一般现在时为主。语言应正式客观、简洁得体。
布局谋篇
全文可分三部分：
第一部分：简单自我介绍之后, 开门见山, 说明写信目的;
第二部分：介绍自己的特长和优势;
第三部分：恳请对方考虑自己的求职申请。常用表达
词汇：
?职位申请：apply for, job, position, look for ...
?个人情况：considerate, careful, determined, hard-working, punctual, trustful, honest / honesty, ?? patient / patience, ?? responsible / responsibility, outgoing, easygoing, warm-hearted, confident, talkative, experienced, be skilled / good at ...?教育经历：education, ??? study, ????? degree, well-educated ...
句式：
?I’m ..., a boy / girl of ... years old.
?I learned from ... that you ...
?My advantages are ...
?It’s easy for me to ...
?It’s typical of me to do ...
?Please consider my request and I’m looking forward to ...
?I hope you will give me this chance /opportunity to ... 【参考范文】
Dear Smith,
My name is Li Hua, a 16-year-old student in the school where you work. I learned from our headteacher that you are looking for a Chinese tutor for your daughter. I am writing to apply for this job. My advantages are as follows.
First of all, I’m good at both Chinese and English. So I can explain Chinese in English very well. Besides, I am skilled at communicating with others, and I have much patience with little children. So I am sure that I can get on well with your daughter. Most importantly, I am rich in experience. I once taught foreigners Chinese for one year, which makes me know how to help foreigners study Chinese effectively.Please consider my request and I’m looking forward to your early reply.
????????????????????????????????? ?Yours sincerely,
?????????????????????????????????????????? Li Hua?高考链接单项填空
Not until recently ____ the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas. （2016 江苏）
they had encouraged
had they encouraged
did they encourage
they encouraged
C
2. Silk ____ one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC. （2016 浙江）
had become
was becoming
has become
is becoming
A
3. When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I _____ for years. （2016 天津）
didn’t see B. haven’t seen
C. hadn’t seen D. wouldn’t see
C巩固练习根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母，写出该单词（每空一词）。
1.?The referee blew his whistle as a s________ for the game to begin.
2. She urged me to accept the new p________, although the job is not very well paid.
3. Many college students have t________ jobs during the summer vacation.signal ?post temporary 4.?Using a bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical f________ as well as easing traffic jams.
5. That's not abnormal for a y________. Young people all seem to be crazy about such things.fitness youngster II.用括号内动词的正确时态填空。
1. —That must have been a long trip.
—Yeah, it ________ (take) us a whole week to get there.?
2. Last month, the government expressed their thanks for the aid they?____________?(receive) from China.?? took had received ???? 3. —Did you watch the basketball match
yesterday?
—Yes, I did. You know, my brother
________ (play) in the match.
4. Judy is going to marry the sailor she ________ (meet) in Rome last year.was playing?met III. 用适当的介词/副词填空。
1. ________ average, women live between five and seven years longer than men.
2. Is there anything ________ particular that you want to talk about?
3. They were injured when a parked car exploded as they passed ________. On inby 4. I think the rules only work ________ theory but not ________ practice.
5. The workers' demands ________ new housing were accepted by the employers.inin for Ⅳ.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内
容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The job market 1. ______________ (change) and our approach to finding work must change as well. Years ago, people had one or two jobs in their working life. They 2. ___________ (hire) by a company and stayed there until retirement. has changed? were hiredToday, five years in a job is a long time and some people even change jobs every two years. This makes the job market highly 3. ___________ (compete) and therefore good exam grades in school alone do not make an applicant 4. ________ (much) employable. Instead, companies are always looking for people who have the following qualities. competitive more Enthusiasm and Dynamism
Employers choose candidates with a positive attitude towards the job. 5. ________ (have) an enthusiastic and dynamic personality is important.Having Productivity and Flexibility
Job 6. ___________ (apply) need to show their ability to be both productive and flexible in taking on multiple tasks, sometimes at very 7. ___________ (challenge) levels.applicants challenging Creativity and Innovation
Employers prefer to select people with the ability to create something new, independently and in 8. ________ team.aGood Communication Skills
Excellent oral and written communication skills in Chinese and English are important. A candidate 9. ________ good interpersonal relations and skills in communicating has a distinct advantage.
Team Spirit
Teamwork skills include your ability to work 10. __________ (effect) as part of a group.with effectively 课件81张PPT。Module 3
Adventure
in Literature and the Cinema知识清单知识归纳1. __________ n. 幻想, 想像
2. __________ n. 叙述; 描写; 报道
3. __________ n. 同伴; 伙伴
4. __________ n. 外形; 轮廓
5. __________ vt. 打扰
6. __________ vt. 与……相似
7. __________ vt. 警告(一) 单词fantasyaccountcompanionoutlinedisturbresemblewarn8. ________ adj. (描述)生动的; 逼真的
9. ________ vi. (雨)倾盆而下
10. ________ vt. 塑造; 创作
11. ________ vt. 解决
_________ n. 解决
12. _________ adj. 好奇的
_________ n. 好奇vivid pourcreatesolvesolutioncuriouscuriosity13. _________ n. 恐惧; 害怕
_________ vt. 使……害怕/恐惧
__________ adj. 令人害怕的
__________ adj. 感到害怕的
14. __________ adj. 坚决的
__________ v. 决定
____________ n. 决心
15. __________ vt. 确立; 确定; 建立
____________ n. 建立; 确立frightfrightenfrighteningfrighteneddetermineddeterminedeterminationestablishestablishment1. 与……有联系/有关联
2. (秘密地)逃跑
3. 捉弄某人, 对某人恶作剧
4. 编造(说话、解释等)(二) 短语have connection withrun awayplay a trick on sb.make up5. 有意(做某事); 有(做某事的)心情
6. 设置(戏剧、小说等的)背景
7. 发财
8. 与……有关
9. 看起来像be/feel in the mood (for sth./to do sth.)set (a play, novel, etc.) inmake one’s fortunehave sth. to do withlook like10. 好像, 似乎
11. 令某人感到吃惊的是
12. 撒谎
13. 对……好奇
14. 说服某人做某事

15. 调查as ifto one’s astonishmenttell a liebe curious aboutpersuade sb. to do sth.look into核心要点1. account n. 叙述; 描写; 报道; 账户;
解释
v. 认为是, 视为
【教材原句】
a true account of the past 对过去真实的叙述
【归纳】
give an account of 叙述
on account of 因为, 由于
on no account 决不要
on one’s account为了某人的缘故(一)单词take sth. into account / take account of sth. 考虑到, 顾及
account for
(在数量和比例上)占; 是……的原因;
解释, 说明 用account的相关短语完成下列句子。
1) She _______________ (描述) of what she saw in China.
2) The plane didn’t take off on time _____ __________ (因为) the bad weather.
3) ______________ (决不) will you miss the chance.
4) The nurse was unable to __________ (说明) the disappearance of? the patients that were under her care.gave an account?onOn no accountaccount for?account of2. lie v. 说谎; 躺; 位于　
n. 谎言
lie—lay—lain—lying 躺; 位于(vi.)
lie—lied—lied—lying 说谎(vi.)
【教材原句】
A man’s angry voice answered, “You’re
lying. You said that last time. We’re going
to kill you.”
一个男人生气的声音回应到: “你在撒谎,
上次你也是这么说的。我们要杀了你！” 【归纳】
tell a lie/lies 撒谎 a big lie 弥天大谎
white/black lies 善意/恶意的谎言
lie to sb. 向某人撒谎
lie on one’s back/side/stomach
仰卧/侧卧/俯卧
lie后可跟由介词 in, to, on 等构成的介词短语,
表示不同方位:
lie in 在……地域范围内
lie to 在……地域范围外
lie on/upon 毗连或邻近; 在……河畔或海滨辨析 lay / lielaid?lying?lielied 用lie或lay的适当形式填空。
1) Tom got punished because he _____ to his parents yesterday.
2) He _____ in bed the whole night, awake and in the morning he fell asleep.
3) Last night I _____ my mobile phone on the sofa, but it’s now nowhere to be seen.
4) When the boy opened his eyes, he found himself _____ in a bed.? liedlay??laidlying5. In Switzerland, six miles west of Geneva, _____ a collection of laboratory buildings.
6. All the boys told _____ about their adventures.lies ?lies3. curious adj. 好奇的; 渴望知道的,
爱探究的; 奇怪的
【教材原句】
But although I was frightened, I also felt very
curious, so I put my head round the door.
而我尽管害怕, 但也感到十分好奇, 于是就把头
凑向了那扇门。
【归纳】
be curious to do sth. 好奇地去干某事
be curious about sth. 对某事好奇
It’s curious＋that... ……是奇怪的
【拓展】
curiosity n. 好奇心
out of curiosity 出于好奇翻译下列句子。
1) 卡尔如此好奇，问了我一个又一个问题。
2) 爱迪生小时候对一切事物都感到好奇。
3) 我想知道他们在谈论什么。Carl was so curious that he asked me questions one after another.When Edison was a child, he was curious about everything.I’m curious to know what they are talking about.4. resemble vt. 与……相似
【教材原句】
Often the lives of writers resemble the lives
of the characters they create. 通常作家的生活
与他们创作出的人物形象的生活很像。
【归纳】
常与介词in搭配。需要注意的是,
resemble不用于被动语态, 也不用于进行时态。
【拓展】
resemblance n. 相似, 相像
常用于以下结构：
resemblance between A and B
resemblance to sb. / sth.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。
1) The house was designed to _________________ (看起来像一个教堂).
2) He ________________________________
__________________ (和他哥哥外貌相似，但性格不同).resemble a church???resembles his brother in appearancebut not in character5. warn vt. 警告; 提醒; 告诫
【教材原句】
“Mark Twain”, which means “watermark
two”, was a call used by sailors on the
Mississippi to warn shipmates that they
were coming into shallow water.
马克·吐温的意思是“水深二英尺”,这
是密西西比河上的水手们使用的口号,用
来警告正在进入浅水区的同船水手们。 【归纳】
warn sb.of / about/ against sth.
警告/提醒某人注意……
warn sb. (not) to do sth.
提醒某人(不)做某事
warn sb. that 提醒某人……; 事先通知
warn sb. against (doing) sth.
提醒某人提防……/不要做……
warn sb. off doing sth.
劝……不要做; 建议……停止做 翻译下列句子。
1) The policeman warned her that if she did it again she would be sent to prison.
2) They were warned not to climb the mountain in such bad weather.
3) The doctor warned us against eating too much. 警察警告她说她再这么干就把她关进监狱。已经提醒过他们不要在这种坏天气爬那座山了。医生让我们不要吃太多。6. force vt. 强迫; 迫使
【教材原句】
Forced to change his plans, he worked for several years as a pilot on a steamboat, taking passengers up and down the Mississippi, the great river which flows from the north of the US near the Canadian border, down to the Gulf of Mexico. 迫不得已他只好改变了计划，在一艘汽船上当了好几年领航员, 带着客人穿梭在密西西比河上, 这条河是从靠近加拿大边界的美国北部流向墨西哥湾的一条大河。 【归纳】
force sb. into (doing) sth.
强迫某人做某事
force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事
force作名词时，意为“武力, 力量, 力量,或影响力大的人(或事物), 效力”。 常用于以下结构：
bring sth. into force / come into force
开始生效，开始实施
in force 大量, 众多, 有效, 在实施中
by force 靠武力, 强行1. run away (秘密地)逃跑，跑开
【教材原句】
Huckleberry Finn (or just Huck) is a teenage
boy who has run away from home.
哈克贝利·费恩(或就叫哈克)是一个十几岁离家出走的男孩。
【拓展】
run across 偶然碰到
run after 追求, 追逐
run for 竞选 run into 遇上, 陷入
run over 碾压 run out (of ) 用完(某物)
run through 匆忙看一遍
run to 达到(某个数量、长度等)(二)短语用run短语的适当形式填空。
1) When they walked to the corner, the thief broke away from the policeman and _________.
2) Toby ______________ home, because he felt he couldn’t do what he liked.?
3) Someone in the office ____________ the plans of the new engine.
4) I have __________ my money, so I will call my mother for some.ran awayran away fromran away withrun out of2. play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人, 对某人恶作剧
【教材原句】
He particularly enjoyed playing a trick on
the three men.
他特别喜欢捉弄这三个人。
【拓展】
trick sb. into doing sth.
哄骗某人去做某事
trick sb. out of one’ s money
骗取某人的钱3. set (a play, novel, etc.) in
设置(戏剧、小说等的)背景
【教材原句】
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is set
in the USA in the mid-19 century.
《哈克贝利· 费恩历险记》是以19世纪中期
的美国为背景的。
【拓展】
set about 开始做; 攻击, 袭击
set against 把……与……相比; 权衡利弊;
使反对set aside 储蓄; 留出; 把……放在一边;
忽视, 不顾
set down 放下; 制定; 确定; 使降落;
使下车; 记录
set off 出发; 引爆;
使(警报等)响起
set out 出发; 着手, 开始; 打算
set up 建立; 竖起; 引起1. “It looks as if it’ll go under soon, ” Jim said, after a couple of minutes.
“看起来它快沉了, ” 过了一会儿, 吉姆说。
sb./it looks as if /as though ＋从句, 意思是“看上去某人或某事物好像要……”。(三)句式as if/though意为“好像……”, 主要用于状语从句和表语从句中。
从句与事实不一致时, 谓语动词常用虚拟语气, 表示现在和将来的情况用过去式, 表示过去情况用过去完成时。但当前面有系动词look, seem, taste, smell, keep, sound等时, 如果表示的可能性较大, 与事实较一致时, 谓语动词可用陈述语气。e.g. There are many black clouds in the sky. It looks as if it is going to rain.
天空中有很多乌云，好像要下雨了。2. He arrived in New Orleans without a penny in his pocket only to find that there were no boats for South America.
他身无分文地到新奥尔良时, 却发现那里没有开往南美洲的船了。
only to find...是不定式结构作结果状语的用法。另外, 不定式结构所引导的结果状语从句常表示出人意料的结果, 而v.-ing形式所引导的结果状语从句常表达自然结果。 The man hurriedly returned home, only to
find he had left his key in the office.
这个人匆匆忙忙地回到家, 结果发现他把钥匙落在办公室里了。
The heavy snow lasted 3 days, making the
airport closed.
大雪持续下了三天, 致使飞机场不得不关闭。3. But I persuaded him to help me, and we found the men’s boat tied to the other side of the steamboat.
但我劝他帮我的忙, 找到了他们拴在沉船另一边的小船。
“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构, 意为“发现……处于……的状态”。find的宾语补足语通常由以下几种形式来充当：When I came to, I found myself in my mother’s arms. (介词短语)
苏醒过来时, 我发现自己躺在妈妈的怀里。
Li Ming found himself wet when he arrived home. (形容词)
到家时, 李明发现自己全身都湿透了。
Tom found the girl walking in the direction of the small village. (现在分词)
汤姆发现那个女孩朝那个小村庄走去。I find him the man who saved me. (名词)
我发现他就是救我的人。
I found it necessary to surf the Internet.
我觉得上网很有必要。
(如果宾语是从句或动词不定式, 习惯上用形式宾语it代替, 而把真正的宾语放在宾补后面或句末。)非谓语动词题解题方法非谓语动词用法复杂，是同学们在英语学习过程中的一个难点，也是高考中的必考项目。要想掌握非谓语动词的用法，快速准确解题，不妨牢记下列非谓语动词题解题“五步骤”：分析句子结构→寻找逻辑主语→判断二者关系→了解时间先后→注意特殊情况。(四)语法1. 分析句子结构
动词不定式和动词-ing形式都可以作主语、宾语、补语、定语、状语和表语，动词-ed形式可以作表语、定语、补语和状语。所以在做题时，一定要分析句子结构，判断非谓语动词在句中所作的成分。2. 寻找逻辑主语
非谓语动词虽然在语法上没有主语，但它仍表示的是一个动作，因此在意义上会有一个动作的发出者或承受者，这就是它的逻辑主语。所以要确定非谓语动词的形式，则需先确定其逻辑主语。3. 判断二者关系
找到逻辑主语后，需要判断其与非谓语动词所表达的动作之间的关系。如果是主谓关系，则用动词-ing形式或不定式的主动式；如果是动宾关系，则用动词-ed形式或不定式的被动式。4. 了解时间先后
如果非谓语动词表示的动作与句子的谓语动作同时发生，用一般式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句子的谓语动作之前，则用完成式；如果非谓语动词表示的动作正在进行，则用进行式。5. 注意特殊情况
主要是指一些习惯用法、固定搭配等。例如：有些动词后接非谓语动词时，只能接动词-ing形式作宾语，如avoid, consider, deny, enjoy, excuse, finish, keep, mind, risk, practise, require, suggest等；而want, decide, agree等动词后只能跟不定式作宾语；有些动词既能跟动词不定式，又能跟动词-ing形式作宾语，但表示的意义不同，如like, stop, remember, forget等；也有些动词-ing形式用于固定短语中，如generally speaking, judging from等。1. Tony lent me the money, _____ that I’d do as much for him.?
A. hoping ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. to hope
C. hoped ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? D. having hoped
【解析】选A。hope的逻辑主语Tony与hope之间为主谓关系，且hope表示的动作与谓语动词lent同时发生，故用hoping作伴随状语。2. When _____ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.??
A. asking ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. asked
C. having asked ? ? ? ? ? ? D. to be asked
【解析】选B。由题意可知，ask与句子主语Philip之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，且ask表示的动作已经完成，故用asked。3. Tom took a taxi to the airport, only _____ his plane high up in the sky.
A. finding ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. to find
C. being found ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. to have found
【解析】选B。“only +不定式”常表示出乎意料的结果，且此处find表示的动作发生在谓语动词took之后，故用不定式的一般式。4. _____ to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.?
A. Having been asked ? ??B. To ask?
C. Having asked ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. To be asked
【解析】选A。ask与句子主语I之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，且ask表示的动作发生在谓语动词missed之前，故用Having been asked作状语。(五)写作如何写英文影评 【写作任务】
最近英语老师带领你班同学观看了冒险 喜剧电影《疯狂原始人》(The Croods)。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语影评。注意：1.?词数100左右；
2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3.?参考词汇：史前的prehistoric;?团结unity【写作指导】
1.?审题定调
影评即电影评论，要求根据所看电影或所给相关信息提炼重点，对电影作必要的介绍，让读者对电影内容有一个大概的了解，并有感而发。介绍电影情节时要抓住重点，简要讲述电影的内容。电影评论部分要客观公正，可从故事主题、人物塑造等方面作评价。时态以一般现在时为主，人称多用第三人称。2.?确定主体内容
本写作可分为两部分：第一部分介绍该影片的故事情节；第二部分对该影片作评论。
3.?常用表达
... is set in ...
... is an adventure comedy film about ...
It tells a very ... story.
The main plots are ...
The film is amusing and moving.The images of the characters are lovely.
All the audience think highly of ...
... has a happy / an unhappy ending.
... is worth seeing / watching.
The film shows us that ...
Besides the theme of ..., the film also stresses ...
... moved nearly all the audience.【参考范文】
The Croods?is an adventure comedy film about a prehistoric cave family. It tells a very entertaining story. The Croods is the only family to survive in their community. However, an earthquake destroys their cave, and they have to seek a new life. During their trip, members of the family influence each other. Father Grug learns that sometimes new things are not bad. Daughter Eep understands the value of what she already has. The film is amusing and moving. The images of the characters are lovely. Besides the theme of the importance of change, the film also stresses the value of family unity, which moved nearly all the audience.高考链接单项填空
____ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.（2016 北京）
Made
Make
Making
To makeD2. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street, _____ the old town into a dreamland.（2016 北京）
turn
turning
to turn
turnedA3. The cooling wind swept through our bedroom windows, _____ air conditioning unnecessary.（2016 天津）
making
to make
made
being madeA4. I had as much fun sailing the sea as I now do ______ with students. （2016 浙江）
working
work
to work
workedA5. In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message ____ within the work.（2016 江苏）
to hide
hidden
hiding
being hiddenB巩固练习根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
1. When the fire broke out, the audience got into a p________.
2. With the help of her friends, she finally s________ the problem.
3. He is a c________ boy and is always asking questions.panic solved curious 4. The rain is p________ down outside. You can relax in front of the TV.?
5. The soldier was brought into the hall, with his hands t________ behind his back.
6. What impressed me most about the book was its ________(生动的) language.pouring tied vivid? 7. The store in that street has an excellent ___________ (名声) for fair dealing.
8. I once ________ (警告) them not to go skating on such thin ice.reputation warned II. 用适当的介词/副词填空。
1. The novel is set ________ London during World War II.
2. I don't want to talk about it now. I'm not ________ the mood.
3. After I finished eating I set ________ for the town immediately.ininoff4. He ran away ________ his home at the age of fifteen and has never been heard of ever since.
5. To start ________, I haven't enough reference books.fromwithIII. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1. Do you believe he ________ ________ ________ ________ (与……没有联系) the theft?
2. There are many black clouds in the sky. It looks ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (好像要下雨了). has no
connection with? as if it
is going to rain? 3. Don't ________ ________ ________ ________ (捉弄我) — I want to know the truth.
4. ________ ________ ________ ________? (抱歉打扰你) so late, but my car's broken down and I was wondering if I could use your phone. play tricks on
me ???? Sorry to disturb
you 5. I think it's very unkind of you to ________ ________ ________ (编造故事) about him.
6. You must come here every Tuesday ________ ________ (毫无例外地).
7. Jack ________ ________ ________ (决心) take up acting after graduation.make up stories?? ??? without exception?? is determined to Ⅳ. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, first 1. ________ (publish) in 1876, is a child's adventure story; it is also, however, the story of a young boy becoming a young man. published As one of America's best-loved tales, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer appeals to two types of readers. First, 2. ________ appeals to the adolescents because it describes the exciting adventures of a typical boy during the mid-nineteenth century. The adventures are still 3. ____________ (fascinate) and delightful because they appeal to the basic instincts (本性) of nearly all young people itfascinating regardless of time and culture. Second, the novel appeals to adult readers 4. ________ wish to look back on their own childhood with sweet memories. In fact, in his introduction to the first edition, Twain wrote, “Although my book is intended 5. ________ (main) for the entertainment of boys and girls, part of my plan has been towho / that? mainly pleasantly remind adults of 6. ________ they once were themselves, and of how they felt and thought ...” Thus, the novel is a(n) 7. ____________ (combine) of the past and the present, of the well-remembered events from childhood 8. ________ (tell) in such a way as to bring remembrances into the adult mind. what combination told Although The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 9. ________ (set) in a small town on the banks of the Mississippi River sometime during the 1840s, readers from all parts of the world respond to the various adventures experienced by Tom and his friends. The appeal of the novel lies mostly in Twain’s??ability?to capture?(捕捉)?universal 10. __________ (experience) and dreams and fears of childhood.is set? experiences 课件89张PPT。Module 4　
Carnival 知识清单知识归纳(一)基本单词1. ____________ n．狂欢节
2. ____________ adj. 基督教的
3. ____________ n. 鬼; 幽灵
4. ____________ n．服装; 戏装; 化妆服
5. ____________ vt． 掩藏; 躲藏
6. ____________ vi. 假装carnivalChristianghostcostumehidepretend7. ____________ n．火器
8. ____________ n．帝国
9. ____________ vt．复兴; 再兴起;
再流行
10. ____________ n．地方议会;
政务委员会
11. ____________ vt．预定
12. ____________ vi. 漫步; 闲逛
13. ____________ adj. 优美的; 高雅的
14. ____________ n. 魅力firearmempirerevivecouncilbookwanderelegantmagic15. ____________ n. 时代; 年代
16. ____________ n．日历; 月历
17. ____________ n．鸽子
18. ____________ n．豆子
19. ____________ n．面粉
20. ____________ n. 大蒜
21. ____________ n. 洋葱
22. ____________ vt. 豌豆calendardovebeanflourgarliconionpeaera23. ____________ n. 猪肉
24. ____________ n．香肠
25. ____________ n．(叶或种子用作调味
品的)药草, 芳草
26. ____________ n．(烹调用的)原料
27. ____________ n．哨子
28. ____________ n. (庆祝)游行
29. ____________ adj. 多元文化的; 跨文
化的sausageherbingredientwhistleparadeporkmulticultural30. ____________ n. 农庄; 庄园
31. ____________ vt．标志(着)
32. ____________ n．贸易
33. ____________ vt．运输; 运送
34. ____________ n．地主; 土地拥有者
35. ____________ n. 主人
36. ____________ adj. 华丽的;
富丽堂皇的
37. ____________ vt. 联合tradetransportlandownermastermagnificentmarkplantationunite38. _____________ n. 杂乱; 混乱
→___________ vt. 混淆; 使迷惑
→____________ adj.迷惑的, 混乱的
→____________ adj.令人迷惑的
39. ______________ vt. 延长
→____________ n. 延伸; 扩大 (二) 派生单词confusionconfuseconfusedconfusingextendextension40. ___________ n．记忆
→__________ vt.记住; 熟记
→__________ n．纪念物; 纪念碑
41. ____________ adj.使人放松的
→___________ vt.使……放松
→___________ n．消遣; 娱乐
→___________ adj.放松的
42. _____________ adj.美味可口的
→___________ n．味道, 口味
→___________ vi.尝起来有……味道memorymemorizememorialrelaxingrelaxrelaxationrelaxedtastytastetaste43. __________ vt. & n．引进; 进口
→ ________ (反义词)出口
44. __________ vt.废除
→___________ n．废除
45. _____________ n．庆典; 庆祝
→___________ vt.庆祝importabolishexportabolishmentcelebrationcelebrate46. ____________ n．由
→__________ adj. 自由的
→__________ v. 使……自由
47. ___________ n. 起源
→_________ adj. 原先的; 最初的freedomfreefreeoriginoriginal1. ________________ 完结
2. ________________ 装扮; 打扮
3. ____________由……构成; 由……组成
3. ______________ 参加
4. ______________ 玩得高兴
5. ______________ 时间连续地
6. ______________ 秘密地
7. ______________ 追溯(三) 短语come to an enddress upconsist oftake part inenjoy oneselfon endin secretdate back to8. _____________ 用暴力迫使
9. _____________ 或多或少
10. ____________ 天生
11. ____________ 喜欢
12. ____________ 喝下
13. ____________ 亮点by forcemore or lessin your bloodfeel likewash downhigh spot核心要点1. hide v．(hide—hid—hidden) 掩藏,
躲藏; 隐瞒(事实、感情等)
n．隐蔽处; 藏身处
【教材原句】
If you wear this, it hides your face and your
feelings. 如果你带着面具的话,就会把你的脸
和你的情感隐藏起来。
【归纳】
hide away 躲藏; 隐藏一、单词hide out [口] 躲起来
hide sth. from sb. 把某事隐瞒着某人
hide sth. in/at/under sth. else
把……藏在……
hide behind/under/in etc.
躲藏到……后面/下面/里面等【拓展】
hiding n． [U]躲藏处, [C]痛打
a hiding place 一个藏身处
hidden adj. 秘密的; 隐蔽的
a hidden place 一个秘密/隐秘的地方2. extend v. 延长, 延伸; 扩大; 伸出,
伸展; 给予, 提供
【教材原句】
As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas. 然而, 随着时间的推移, 狂欢节的时间延长了, 以至圣诞节一过狂欢节就开始了。
【归纳】
extend for 延续……(指距离)
【拓展】
extended adj. 伸出的, 延长的, 扩大的,
扩大范围的, 长期的两者都含有“扩大, 增加”的意思。
1) extend侧重指“长度、时间等方面的延伸”。
The branches of the fruit trees extended out over the fences.
果树枝伸出了篱笆外。
2) expand侧重“上下、左右、前后的面或体的伸展”。
Iron expands when it is heated.
铁受热时就膨胀。extend/expandWith the car show _____ for another week, it was possible for more car fans to visit it.
A. expanded
B. lasted
C. spread
D. extendedD3. pretend v．假装, 佯作; 装扮
后常接不定式, 也可接名
词或从句, 有时单独使用
【教材原句】
Ordinary people could pretend to be rich
and important, while famous people could
have romantic adventures in secret.
普通人可以假装成很富有、很重要的人，
而名人也可以偷偷地体验浪漫奇遇。
【归纳】
pretend to do sth.
假装要做某事
pretend to be doing…
假装正在做……
pretend to have done…
假装已做……
pretend that-clause
假装……翻译下列句子。
1) 我们假装什么事也没有发生。
2) 老师进来的时候, 简假装在做作业。
3) 我知道她假装对我所说的感兴趣。We pretended (that) nothing had happened.When the teacher came in, Jane pretended to be doing her homework.I knew she pretended an interest in what I said.4. memory n. 记忆; 记忆力
【教材原句】
Finally, when Venice became part of the Austrian empire, at the end of the eighteenth century, masks were banned completely, and carnival became just a memory.
最后, 在18世纪末, 当威尼斯成为奥地利帝国的一部分时, 面具被完全禁止了, 狂欢节只是变成了一个记忆。 【归纳】
have a good/bad memory 记忆好/坏
from memory 凭记忆
to the memory of 纪念
in memory of 纪念
【拓展】
memorize vt. 记住
memorial adj. 记忆的; 纪念的
n. 纪念物, 纪念碑提示：
memorial也可用作名词, 表示“纪念碑, 纪念章, 纪念仪式”, 类似于monument, 二者都可接介词to, 表示“对……的纪念”。
This statue is a memorial to a great statesman.
这尊雕像是纪念一位伟大的政治家的。用memory的正确形式填空。
1) My mind is crowded with __________ as I write these lines.
2) Some students learn languages by ___________ grammar rules and words.
3) The painting will be a lasting _________ to the hero.memories?memorizingmemorial 5. mark v．标志; 标明; 评成绩; 打分
【教材原句】
This marked the beginning of the slave trade.
这标志着奴隶贸易的开始。
【归纳】
mark up/down 提高/降低商品价格
mark...with 用……作标记
mark...on 把……在某物上做记号
mark out 画出界限 mark n．记号, 标志; 得分; 痕迹
【归纳】
a trade mark 商标
full/top marks 满分/最高分
get a high (good)/low (poor) mark
得高/低分6. trade n. 贸易; 商业; 交易
【教材原句】
For more than two hundred years, until
the beginning of the 19th century, when
the trade was finally stopped, millions of
people were taken by force from their homes in Africa and transported to the New World to work as slaves.
两百多年来, 直到19世纪初这时奴隶贸易
终于停止了, 成千上万的人被迫离开非洲
老家, 运送到新大陆做奴隶。【归纳】
trade name 商标, 品牌名
trade union 工会
vi. 交易, 买卖, 经商, 对换
vt. 用……进行交换
trade with 与……做交易, 做买卖
trade in 做……生意, 经营
trade sth. for sth. 以……换取…… 注意：
trade作“买卖, 交易; 交易量; 营业额”时为不可数名词; 作“职业, 工作”时为可数名词。7. import v．进口, 输入　
n．进口产品, 输入品, 输入
【教材原句】
Naturally, the Europeans also imported
their own festivals.
自然, 欧洲人也引进了他们自己的节日。
【归纳】
import...from... 从……进口……
imported silk 进口丝绸
the import of food from abroad
从外国进口的食品【拓展】
importer n．进口国, 进口商
[反] export n.&v. 出口, 输出
exporter n．出口商
export...to... 出口……到……1. come to an end 结束, 完成
【教材原句】
The original Venice carnival came to an end about 200 years ago. 原始的威尼斯狂欢节在大约二百年前就终止了。
【拓展】
bring / put sth. to an end = bring / put an end to sth. 使……结束
at the end of 在……的末端, 在……末尾
by the end of 到……末为止二、短语in the end 最后
on end 竖着, 连续地
make (both) ends meet
使收支相抵, 勉强维持生计
odds and ends 零星物品 根据汉语意思, 完成下列句子。
1) 比赛结束了, 我们的足球队赢得了冠军。
The match ______________ and our football team won the championship.
2) 我必须警告你, 我几乎没有耐心了。
I must warn you that my patience is almost _________. came to an end?at an end3) 这项工作应该在年底前结束。
The work should be completed
_____________ the year.
4) 希望这次谈判能结束这场战争。
It is hoped that the talks can
___________________ the war. by the end ofbring / put an end to 2. dress up 装扮, 打扮
【教材原句】
Men were not allowed to wear masks at night; and they were not allowed to dress up as women. 男子不准在夜间戴面具, 并且不能假扮女性。
【拓展】
be dressed in 穿着……
dress up (in) sth.
穿上盛装, 化妆, 打扮, 修饰, 掩饰
dress sb. / oneself up 把……打扮起来, 给……穿上某种衣服dress sb. up as 把某人打扮成……
dress sth. up 粉饰, 掩饰, 加以渲染
get dressed 穿衣
be dressed in 穿着……用以上短语翻译下列句子。
1) 今晚玛丽将打扮得漂漂亮亮的去参加晚会。
2) 她很快穿好衣服出门了。Mary will dress up and go to the party tonight.She got dressed quickly and went out of the house.3) 她穿着一件蓝色的礼服, 看上去更漂亮了。
4) 我们过去常常身着礼服去教堂做礼拜。
Dressed in a blue dress, she looks more beautiful. We used to dress up to go to church.(1) dress表示动作。作及物动词时, 应该说“dress sb./oneself”, 不能接表示衣服的名词; 作不及物动词时, 尤指为特殊场合穿好衣服; be dressed in表示状态, 相当于be in, 后面可接表示衣服或颜色的名词。dress/wear/put on/have on(2) wear表示状态, 表示穿衣服(鞋子), 戴首饰、眼镜、饰物等, 留(发)、蓄(须), 面露(某种表情)。
(3) put on表示穿的动作, 接衣服、鞋子等。
(4) have on表示状态, 相当于be wearing; 但have on不能用被动语态, 也不能用进行时。The lady ______ and went to the ball happily.
A. dressed in B. dressed herself up
C. wore up D. put upB3. consist of 由……组成
没有被动语态, 且一般不用于进行时
【教材原句】
a food that consists of a tube of skin containing meat mixed with herbs
一种由肉和香料混合组成的管状食品
【拓展】
consist in 在于, 存在于
注意：
consist of与make up of同义, 但consist of不能用于被动语态, 而make up of可用于被动语态。选用以上短语的适当形式填空。
1) Happiness does not _________ how much money you have．
2) The delicious soup ____________
____________ tomatoes, peas and meat.consist in?consists of /is made up of? 1. There was an immediate need for people to work on them.
这里急需干活的人手。
There is /was a (great)/no need (for) sb. to do sth. (不)需要某人干某事
There is /was a (great)/no need for sth. /sb. (不)需要某事(人)三、句式There is /was no possibility to do sth.
没有可能干某事
There is /was no time to do sth.
没有时间干某事
There is /was no doubt to do
毫无疑问去干某事2. As time passed, however, the carnival period was extended, so that it began just after Christmas.
然而, 随着时间的推移, 狂欢节的时间延长了, 以至圣诞节一过狂欢节就开始了。
as用作连词, 可引导下列状语从句： (1) 时间状语从句, 强调主句谓语动作与从句谓语动作的同时性。
(2) 让步状语从句, 意为“尽管, 虽然, 即使”。
(3) 方式状语从句, 意为“以……方式”。
(4) 原因状语从句(＝since/because), 意为“由于, 因为”。
(5) 比较状语从句。3. Think of carnival, and you think of crowds, costumes, and confusion.
想到狂欢节, 你自然就会想起拥挤的人群, 节日的服饰及混乱的场景。
本句是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。在这种结构中, 祈使句表条件, and后的陈述句表结果。
e.g. Come early tomorrow, and you’ll
be on time for the meeting. 明天早
点来, 你就会准时参加会议的。祈使句＋and＋陈述句结构中, and
也可换成两类连接词：
1) and then“就, 那么, 于是, 然后”。
2) or, or else, otherwise“否则, 要不, 不然的话”。提示：
1)该结构中的祈使句有时也可换成一个名词短语。
e.g. One more day, and I’ll do the
work better.
再给我一天, 我会把工作做得更好。
2)该结构中的and有时也可用破折号代替。
e.g. Have a drink—you’ll like it.
喝一杯吧, 你会喜欢的。常见时态的被动语态复习四、语法用被动语态改写下列句子。
1. They introduced this method into our country last year.
2. They are building the largest building in this city.This method was introduced into our country last year.The largest building is being built in this city by them.3. The storm had destroyed the house when he got home.
4. Someone will give a speech this afternoon.The house had been destroyed by the storm when he got home.A speech will be given this afternoon by someone.如何介绍节日
【写作任务】
假设你是李华, 你的英国笔友Michael想了解中国的传统节日, 请你根据以下提示写一封电子邮件, 给他介绍一下中秋节。
1. 庆祝时间：农历八月十五;
2. 习俗：全家团聚、庆丰收、赏月、吃月饼等; 五、写作注意：1. 词数100左右(开头已写好, 但不计入总词数); 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Michael,
Very glad to know you’d like to learn about Chinese traditional festival. I am writing to tell you something about the Mid-Autumn Festival.
_______________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua【写作指导】
审题定调
本写作要求用英语介绍中国传统节日——中秋节, 体裁属于说明文。介绍节日时人称采用第三人称, 时态以一般现在时为主。
布局谋篇
全文可分为两部分：
第一部分：介绍中秋节的庆祝时间、历史、氛围等;
第二部分：介绍中秋节的庆祝活动。常用表达
词汇：
节日活动：have a party, sing and dance to music, play music, make a celebration, hold a parade, eat special food, take part in a traditional ceremony, dress up, wear special clothes, give or receive gifts ...
节日气氛：exciting, relaxing, noisy, colourful, have fun / have a good time / enjoy oneself, go wild about something ...句式：
..., with a history of ..., is one of the most important traditional festivals in ...
... is celebrated on ...
... is having a good time, singing and dancing.
... is exciting and noisy.
... was / were filled with ...【参考范文】
Dear Michael,
Very glad to know you’d like to learn about Chinese traditional festival. I am writing to tell you something about the Mid-Autumn Festival.?
The Mid-Autumn Festival, with a history of more than 1, 000 years, is one of the most important traditional festivals in China. It is celebrated on the fifteenth day of the eighth month of the lunar year. The Mid-Autumn Festival began as a harvest festival since fruits, vegetables and grain have been harvested by this time. The traditional food for the Mid-Autumn Festival is the moon cake which is round and symbolizes reunion.On Mid-Autumn day, wherever they are, all the family members will go home to have dinner together. In the evening, they appreciate the moon while eating delicious moon cakes. So all people spend that day in an atmosphere of happiness.
Yours,
Li Hua高考链接
The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts _____ with success in the end. （2016 北京）
rewarded B. were rewarded
C. will reward D. will be rewarded
D单项填空语法填空
Truly elegant chopsticks might ________ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. （2016 全国丙卷）be made巩固练习根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
1. The building was named Ford Hall in m________ of a man named James Ford.
2. He p________ to be reading?a newspaper, but in fact, he was paying attention to that lady.
3. There are many words in the English language which were French in o________. memory pretended origin 4. I'm sorry to tell you that the hotel has been fully b________. You should have phoned us in advance.
5. What kind of ________ (服装) are you going to wear to your wedding?
6. Her ________ (优雅的) manners impressed all the people present at the party.booked costume elegant 7. When Mary found the child was ________ (闲逛) the street alone, she brought him to the police.
8. The government has ________ (延长) the ban on the import of beef until July.wandering extended II. 用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
1. All the employees ________________ (encourage) to work online at home.
2. The hero's story ___________ (report) in the newspapers last week.
3. The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people ________ (persuade) to eat more fruit and vegetables.are encouraged?was reportedare persuaded4. To our great delight, the polluted river near the factory _____________ (clean) now.
5. The vegetables in the dishes, which ______________ (cook) too long, didn't taste very good.is being cleanedhad been cooked III. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1. The lady ________ ________ (盛装打扮) and went to the party happily.
2. Bill's trip has ________ ________ ________ ________ (结束). His friend is going to take him to the airport to see him off.dressed up? come to
an end??? ????? 3. The invention of the computer ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (标志着一个新时代的开始).
4. Our medical team ________ ________ (由……组成) twenty doctors. marked
the beginning of a
New era? consists of Ⅳ. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
St. Patrick's Day is an Irish festival that is celebrated on 17 March every year. 1. ________ is celebrated all over the world, wherever Irish people are to be found. The festival celebrates the life of St. Patrick, a man 2. ________ was born in England near the end of the fourth century and became the patron saint (守护神) of Ireland. It who / that?? ???? No one really knows much about his life but there are many stories. 3. ________ is known is that he was taken to Ireland as a prisoner when he was 16 and he spent six years there before 4. ________ (escape) back to England. In England, he became a Christian and he went back to Ireland to help 5. ________ poor and teach the Irish about the Christian religion. What escaping theSt. Patrick's Day is celebrated on 17 March because it is the anniversary of his 6. ________ (die) in the fifth century.?
On St. Patrick's Day, Irish families would 7. ____________ (traditional) attend church in the morning and celebrate in the afternoon. People would dance, drink, and eat a traditional meal of bacon and cabbage. death traditionally Nowadays, there is usually a St. Patrick's Day parade. The first St. Patrick's Day parade 8. ________ (take) place not in Ireland, but in the United States. Irish soldiers serving in the English army marched through New York City on March 17, 1762. Along with their music, the parade helped the Irish soldiers 9. ____________ (remember) their homes andtook to remember ??????? families, and to meet other Irishmen serving in the English army. There 10. ________ (be) St. Patrick's Day parades ever since and today more than 150,000 people take part in the New York parade each year! The parade goes along the 5th Avenue and thousands of people watch, waving flags and wearing green, the colour of Ireland. have been 课件68张PPT。Module 5　
The Great
Sports Personality知识清单知识归纳1. _________ vi. 表现
2. _________ vt. 保证
3. ________ vt. 购买
4. ________ adj. 具体的; 特定的
5. _______ vi. & vt. 得分
6. ________ n. 特性; 品德; 品性
7. ________ n. 胜利
8. ___________ adv. 戏剧性地（一）基本单词performguaranteepurchasespecificscorequalityvictorydramatically9. ________ vi. 抗议
10. _______ adj. 费力的; 棘手的; 困难的
11. _______ n. 体育场; 运动场
12. __________ n. 背景
13. _______ n. 符号
14. ________ adj. 最后的
15. _______ n. 标语protesttoughstadiumbackgroundsymbolultimateslogan1. _____ vi. 退休 __________ n. 退休
2. _________ n. 优势; 长处
___________ n. (反义词)劣势, 不利条件
3. _________ n. 冠军
____________ n. 冠军地位, 锦标赛
4. ______ vt. 宣布
__________ n. 宣布, 声明
5. _________ n. 竞争者; 对手
________ vi.竞争, 对抗
___________ n. 竞争, 竞赛（二）派生单词retireretirementadvantagedisadvantagechampionchampionshipdeclaredeclarationcompetitorcompetecompetition1. 正在增加
2. 站起身
3. 连同; 一起
4. 由……构成
5. ……的数量
6. 对……失望
7. 即使
8. 投票支持（反对）on the increaserise to one’s feettogether withbe made up ofthe number ofbe disappointed witheven thoughvote for/ against（三）短语核心要点1. perform vt. 表现; 表演; 履行
vi.表现, 性能(如何)
【教材原句】
He was disappointed because he had not
performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.
他在1988年汉城奥运会上表现不佳, 这使他
感到很失望。
【归纳】
perform an experiment 做实验
perform a part 扮演一个角色
perform (vi.) well in 在……中表现很好（一）单词英译汉。
1) Jack is good at performing tricks.
2) The company has been performing poorly over the past year.
3) He performs his experiment over and over, working till midnight.杰克善于表演戏法。这家公司过去一年业绩欠佳。他一遍一遍地进行着实验, 一直工作到深夜。2. advantage n. 优点, 有利条件; 优势
【教材原句】
Li Ning’s designs were attractive, and they had a major advantage over their better-known rivals --- they were cheaper.
李宁运动服不仅设计吸引人, 而且比起那些著名的商业对手, 它拥有一个主要优势, 那就是价格便宜。
【归纳】
take (full) advantage of (充分)利用
to one’s advantage＝to the advantage
of sb. 对某人有利
be of advantage to 对……有利
have an advantage over 胜过, 优于
be at an advantage 有利的, 占优势
反义词：disadvantage 不利条件根据所给汉语完成下列句子。
1) 我们最好趁天气比较暖和, 今天下午出去散散步。
We should _________________ the warm weather by going for a walk this afternoon.
2) 比起那些没有接受过大学教育的男孩来说, 大学教育使汤姆更有优势。
Tom’s university education __________ ____________ over boys who have not been to a college.take advantage of? gives himan advantage 3) 参加这次会议对你有利。
It would be _________________ to attend this meeting.to your advantage3. guarantee vt. 担保; 保证; 允诺
n. 担保物; 保证书; 担保人
【教材原句】
Success for Li Ning was guaranteed, and it
came quickly.
李宁的成功有了保证, 并且来势迅速。
【归纳】
guarantee sb. sth./ guarantee sth. to sb.
保证某人得到某物; 向某人保证某事
guarantee to do sth. 保证做某事
guarantee that... 保证……
guarantee sb./ sth. against/ from
保证……不受/ 免遭……
offer/ provide sb. a guarantee 提供担保汉译英。
1) 当我到达那儿的时候, 你能保证给我一个房间吗？
2) 我不能保证可以工作一年多。
3) 他们所有的电子商品都有两年的保修期。Can you guarantee me a room when I get there?I cannot guarantee to work for more than a year.They offer a two-year guarantee on all their electrical goods.4. symbol n. 象征; 符号
【教材原句】
a symbol which represents a particular brand 代表一个特定品牌的标识
【辨析】symbol/sign/signal/mark
symbol 被人们选出的物体或图案, 来代表另一事物, 并作为该事物的标记或象征。
sign 指人们公认的事物的记号, 也可指某种情况的征兆。 signal 可指为了警告、命令或报信而发出的信号, 也可指导致某事发生的起因。
mark 既可以指为方便辨认而有意做的标记, 也可以指自然形成的标记。5. score vi.& vt. 得分 n.进球; 分数; 二十
【教材原句】
Yao Ming scored before the first minute
had passed. 不到一分钟姚明就进球了。
【归纳】
score a goal 进球
score full marks 得满分
score a success/victory 取得成功/胜利
two score (of) people 40人
scores of 许多, 大量温馨提示：
score与dozen均可作名词表数量。前有确定数字或several时, 其后都不加-s; 修饰名词时, score可与of连用, dozen不可。6. declare v. 宣布; 宣告; 声明
【教材原句】
The Americans protested and in the end the
American runner was declared the winner.
美国人提出抗议，最终那位美国选手被宣
布获胜。
【归纳】
declare for/ against sth.
表态支持/反对某事 declare oneself
表明自己的立场或意向
declare sth./ sb. (to be)＋adj.
宣布……为……
declare that... 宣布, 宣称
declare war on/ against... 对……宣战
【拓展】
declaration n. 宣告; 声明; 布告翻译下列句子。
1) 我在会上声明我不支持他。
2) 他们宣布他为获胜者。
3) 他赞成宣布开战。I declared that I did not support him at the meeting.They declared him (to be) the winner.He is in favour of a declaration of war.【辨析】announce与declare
announce 首次正式地“公开; 发表; 宣布”, 侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情, 尤指新闻之类的消息。
declare 正式地、明确地向公众“宣布; 宣告; 声明”, 侧重当众发表, 多用于宣战、议和、判决等。1. on the increase 增加; 增长
【教材原句】
The number of young people with money to spend was on the increase --- and sport had never been so popular.
有钱消费的年轻人的数量正在增加, 而体育运动也得到前所未有的普及。 （二）短语【拓展】
increase by＋倍数/百分数 增加了……
increase to＋数字 增加到……
介词on 表示 “在……情况下; 处于……
状态中”。类似短语：
on duty 在值日 on show 在展出
on holiday 在休假 on business 出差2. rise to one’s feet 站起身
【教材原句】
As the leader comes into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilomitre race, the crowd rises to its feet to shout and cheer.
当领先的动员员进入体育馆跑那42公里竞赛的最后几米时, 人们都站起来欢呼呐喊。
【拓展】
be on one’s feet 站着, 恢复健康
struggle to one’s feet
挣扎着站起来
jump to one’s feet 跳起来
have/ keep one’s feet on the ground
实事求是, 脚踏实地
set foot on/ in 进入, 踏上3. have an advantage over 比……有优势
【教材原句】
Li Ning’s designs were attractive, and they had a major advantage over their better-known rivals --- they were cheaper.
李宁运动服不仅设计吸引人, 而且比起那些著名的商业对手, 它拥有一个主要优势, 那就是价格便宜。
【拓展】
take advantage of
利用(机会, 弱点); 欺骗; 占便宜
to one’s advantage 对某人有利1. If you go into a school or university anywhere, the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.
如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园, 都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。
The chances are (that)... 很可能……（三）句式take a chance/take chances 冒险/ 碰运气
give/ offer/ provide a chance 提供机会
seize/grasp/ get a chance 抓住机会
a chance of (doing) sth. ……的可能性
by chance 偶然2. But it was this sense of failure that made him determined to succeed in his new life.
但就是这种失败感使他决心在新的生活中取得成功。
强调句, 强调this sense of failure。强调句型的结构为：It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋句子的其余部分。强调人时可用that或who, 强调事物、时间、地点、原因等状语时, 只用that。e.g. It was Tom who/ that helped me out of
the trouble.
It was in the park that I met my uncle.
1) 强调句的判断方法：
去掉结构it is, who/that 之后剩余部分结构意义均完整即为强调句。
e.g. It is in this park that he lost his
watch.2) 强调句的问句句式：
① Is/ Was it＋被强调成分＋that/ who＋
其余部分。
② 疑问词＋is/ was it that＋其余部分。
e.g. Who was it should be blamed for the
broken glass?
Was it yesterday that he came late?
3) not...until... 的强调形式
e.g. It was not until they finished all the
exercises that the students left school.3. So what? 那又怎么样？
对某人所提到的事情表示不以为然或是不值得大惊小怪时, 可使用本句。外国人说此句时, 往往会耸耸肩, 做个两手摊开的手势。
e.g. —I get ninety-five in my test.
—So what? I get ninety-nine.条件、时间、让步状语从句复习（四）语法选用合适的连词填空(每项限用一次)。
1. ___________ it is hard work, I enjoy it.
2. I’ll write to you ___________ I get to Beijing.
3. __________ you are happy, it doesn’t matter what you do.the moment, as long as, even though, ever since, whatever, unless, by the time, however, if, untilEven though ?the momentAs long as4. ________ decision my father made I would support it.
5. Tony has been sad ________ he got divorced.
6. ___________ you get there the meeting will have been over.
7. My baby sister never cries ________ she is hungry.Whatever?the moment, as long as, even though, ever since, whatever, unless, by the time, however, if, untilever sinceBy the timeunless?8. _____ anyone calls, tell them I’m not at home.
9. We’ll have to finish the job, ________ long it takes.
10. ______ she spoke I hadn’t realized she wasn’t English.the moment, as long as, even though, ever since, whatever, unless, by the time, however, if, untilIf?howeverUntil（五）写作如何写英语书面通知
【写作任务】
假设你是你校学生会主席李华。为了拓宽学生的视野，你校将邀请刚从西藏支教回来的外籍教师Mr. Black做一个讲座。请你根据以下提示以短文形式用英语写一份书面通知。讲座题目:?Heaven in my eyes —?Tibet
时间：7月2日(星期四)下午2:30-- 4:30
地点：教学楼5楼礼堂
内容：①西藏的美景；
②介绍拉萨(Lhasa)的一所高中。注意：
1.?词数100左右；
2.?可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.?开头已给出，但不计入总词数。
参考词汇：礼堂?auditorium
Notice
It has been decided that an English lecture “Heaven in my eyes —?Tibet” will be given by Mr. Black ______________________________【写作指导】
本写作要求写通知，体裁是应用文。通知一般用于公布即将发生的事，如宣布举行比赛，举办讲座、画展、晚会，召开研讨会等。写书面通知的关键是言之有物，告知读者必要的信息，如时间、地点、活动、其他细节等。文章要适当使用祈使句，语言要简洁明了。时态以一般将来时为主。【常用表达】
It has been decided that a(n) ... lecture will be given by ...
There will be a lecture on ...
The Students' Union has decided to hold a(n) ...
It is going to be held in the ... on the ... floor of the ... building.
Those who are interested in it, please ...All the students are expected to attend it.
All the students are welcome.
Make sure that you ...
Be sure to ...
Please remember to ...
Don't forget to ...
Please attend it on time.
Don't be late.
Do be present on time.
Don't miss the chance!【参考范文】
Notice
It has been decided that an English lecture “Heaven in my eyes —?Tibet” will be given by Mr. Black,?our foreign teacher, who has just come back after being a volunteer teacher in?Tibet. It is going to be held in the auditorium on the fifth floor of the teaching building from 2:30 p.m. to 4:30 p.m. on Thursday, July 2. Mr. Black will share with us the photos of the beautiful scenery in?Tibet. He will also introduce the high school in?Lhasa?where he stayed to do the volunteer work last year. All the students are expected to attend it.
Do be present on time and remember to take notes.高考链接I. 翻译句子。
1. Freedom needs to be guaranteed by responsibility. (2015江苏)
自由需要由责任做担保。
2. The parents’ involvement leads to declines in their kids’ academic performance. (2015陕西)
家长的参与导致了孩子学习成绩的下降。II. 完成句子。
1. Some scientists _______ _____ most of our
fatigue comes from our mental and
emotional attitudes. (2013辽宁)?
一些科学家宣称我们的大部分疲惫感来自
于我们的精神和情感态度。
2. An artist who was recently travelling on a ferry to the southern island discovered 　　　 ____ _______ a long lost antique Greek vase. (2013湖北)?
一位最近乘坐渡船到这个南部岛屿旅行的艺术家偶然发现了一个丢失已久的古希腊花瓶。 declare thatby chance巩固练习根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空一词）。
1. The law g_____________ equal rights for men and women.
2. Many people like white, for it is the s________ of purity.
3. It's hard to find people with the right q________ for the job. guarantees symbol qualities 4. The man ________ (宣布) that he knew nothing about it.
5. It's important to understand other people, people from different ___________ (背景).
6. The hotel is not very modern, but it does have a(n) ________ (优势) of being close to the city centre.
7. It was a t________ struggle to reach the top of the mountain, but in the end they made it.declared backgrounds advantage tough II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Julie gave a memorable ________ (perform) at last year's festival.
2. Two of the __________ (compete) failed to turn up for the race.
3. The story is about a young man who was the son of a horse ________ (train).performance competitors trainer 4. Up to a third of one's life is now being spent in ___________ (retire).
5. Your life changes ______________ (dramatic) when you have a baby.retirement dramatically III.选用合适的连词填空（每词限用一次）。
when, although, before, unless, where
1. You can't get a job ________ you've got experience.
2. ________ I can't help admiring the man's courage, I do not approve of his methods.unless Although 3. I had hardly got to the office ________ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
4. It was several minutes ________ we realized what was happening.
5. We were led to ________ lunch was being served.when before where IV. 根据括号内的提示翻译下面句子。
1. 狗袭击孩子的事件越来越多。 (on the increase)
____________________________________
____________________________________
2. 戴维站起来发言。?(rise to one's feet)
____________________________________
____________________________________Attacks by dogs on children are on the increase. David rose to his feet to deliver his speech. 3. 很有可能我会找份新工作。?(the chances are that ...)
__________________________________
__________________________________
4. 三周后他才听到这个消息。?(强调句)
__________________________________
__________________________________The chances are that I will be looking for a new job.? It was three weeks later that he heard the news. Ⅴ. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I believe that the National Football League (NFL) and colleges in the United States should discuss 1. ________ (create) a professional football league and college league for women. It is 2. ________ (fair) for us women not to be allowed to play football 3. ____________ (professional) in college by law!? creating unfair professionally I play football with a lot of the guys in my middle school. I am 4. ________ only female to play the sport there, but I am also one of the best! I 5. ________ (play) football when I was in elementary school, and am considering playing in high school. But here's where I'm at a loss (困惑): 6. ________ play in high school if I can't continue to play in college the played Why? and in my adult life like I can in the other sports I participate 7. ________? There is no point. That is also why I'm stressing that the NFL and colleges nationwide should take my opinion into 8. ___________ (consider). I think it would be worthwhile, and would not be a waste of our time and money. inconsideration The fact is 9. ________ a lot of women in America do play football, and some may want 10. ____________ (compete) professionally. So, can someone please tell me, why can't we play? that to compete 课件85张PPT。Module 6
Animals in Danger知识清单知识归纳1. __________ n. 挣扎; 斗争
2. __________ n. 战斗
3. __________ adj. 理想的
4. __________ n. (某事发生的)准确
地点; 现场
5. __________ n. (-s)环境; 情况(一)单词strugglebattleidealspotcondition6. __________ adv. 同时
7. __________ vt. 涉及; 包括
8. __________ adj. 活的
9. __________ vt. 产卵; 下蛋
10. _________ n. 奇迹
11. _________ n. 分支机构; 办事处
12. _________ n. 焦点; 集中点meanwhileinvolvelivelaywonderbranchfocus13. __________ vt. 使……处于险境; 危及
__________ n. 危险
__________ adj. 危险的
14. ___________ vt. 预订, 预约; 保留
n. 保护区; 保护圈
___________ n. 预订, 预约
15. ___________ vt. 保护
___________ n. 保护endangerdangerdangerousreservereservationprotectprotection1. 一次
2. 现场, 当场
3. 流行
4. 参加
5. 强硬对待
6. 以……自豪(二) 短语at a timeon the spotcome into fashiontake part inget tough withbe proud of7. 关心某事; 担心某事

8. 关注
9. 关注
10. 以……为基础
11. (动物) 以……为食
12. 建立; 设立be concerned about sth.keep an eye onfocus onbe based infeed onset up核心要点1. reserve n. 保护区, 保护圈; 储备(量),
储藏(量)
vt. 预订; 保留; 储备
【教材原句】
Some of them are in the Hunchun Nature
Reserve on the border between China and
Russia. 其中有些栖息在中国和俄罗斯边界
上的珲春自然保护区。
【归纳】
reserve sth. for sb. 为某人保留某物
reserve a room/table/seat
预订房间/桌子/座位一、单词 reserve the right to do sth.
保留做某事的权利
keep sth. in reserve 保留……备用
without reserve 毫无保留地
【拓展】
reserved adj. 预定的, 沉默寡言的
reservation n. 保留(意见), 预订
in reserve 保存起来翻译下列句子。
1) I have reserved a room for you at the hotel.
2) Ellen was a shy and reserved girl.
3) I want to go and see the lions in the nature reserve.我已在旅馆为你预订了一个房间。????? 埃拉是一个害羞、寡言的女孩。???? 我想去自然保护区看狮子。??? 2. protect vt. 保护
【教材原句】
an area of land where animals are
protected 一个动物受到保护的地方
【归纳】
protect sb./sth. from sth.
保护……使不受……; 使……免于……
protect sb./sth. against sth.
防止……遭受
protect sb. from danger
保护某人免遭危险 【拓展】
protection n. 保护, 防护(U)
protective adj. 保护的,
对……过于爱护的
protected adj. 受保护的3. struggle n. & v. 挣扎; 斗争; 奋斗
【教材原句】
The question is: What can we do to help them in
their struggle for survival?
问题是：在它们为了生存而进行的斗争中, 我们
能做些什么来帮助他们呢？
【归纳】
struggle against 与……斗争
struggle for 为争取……而斗争
struggle with 和……一起战斗
carry on a struggle 进行斗争
in the struggle against 在与……的斗争中4. worth /worthy/worthwhile
【教材原句】
Often working at night, the poachers
shoot whole herds of antelopes at a
time, leaving only the babies, whose
wool is not worth so much.
那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动, 一次就捕
杀掉整群的藏羚羊, 只留下那些毛不怎
么值钱的幼崽。【归纳】
worth adj. 值……钱的; 值得……的be worth＋ 钱(价值数量词) 值多少钱
doing 值得做(用主动语态表被动)be well worth doing 很值得做worthy adj. 值得……的值得做of sth.
of being done
to be donebe worthy ＋worthwhile adj. 值得花时间/金钱/精力的
It is worthwhile /worth one’s while to do /doing sth.
值得花时间(精力、钱)去做某事将下列句子翻译成英语。
1) 这条项链值一千美元。
2) 他最新的小说很值得一读。?
3) 我认为这件事情值得我们关注。This necklace is worth 1, 000 US dollars.His latest novel is well worth reading. I think this matter is worth our attention.5. spot n. (某事发生的)准确地点; 现场
v. 发现, 认出; 点缀; 弄脏
【教材原句】
The animals are skinned on the spot and
the wool taken to India, where it is made
into the shawls.
这些被猎杀的藏羚羊就地剥皮, 羊毛被送
到印度。在那里，藏羚羊毛被织成披
肩。【归纳】
on the spot 当场, 立即; 在现场
a scenic (beauty)/historic spot
风景胜地/古迹
weak spot 缺点
spot sb. doing sth.
发现某人做某事
spot a mistake 发现错误
be spotted with sth. 满是……斑点【拓展】
spotless adj. 一尘不染的；纯洁无暇的
spotted adj. 有斑点的, 有点子的; 有污渍的;
(人格等)有污点的, 被玷污的
weak spot 弱点
spotlight 聚光灯根据汉语意思, 完成下列句子。
1) 我们应该弄清楚现场人们的看法。
We ought to find out the views of the people ____________.
2) 聚会上, 玛丽穿着一件有蓝色小点的裙子。
Mary wore a skirt __________________ at the party. on the spotwith blue spots on it?3) 每当她遇到困难时, 就找他帮忙。
Whenever she was ________ she turned to him for help.
4) 他在海上漂了四个小时后才被一艘经过的船发现。
He had floated in the sea for four hours before he _____________ a passing ship.
5) 警方认出他开着一辆偷来的车。
The police ___________________ a stolen car.?in a spotwas spotted by?spotted him driving6. meanwhile adv. 同时; 其间
n． 一会儿; 暂时
【教材原句】
Meanwhile, in those countries where the
shawls are sold, police are getting tough
with the dealers.
同时, 在那些出售藏羚羊羊毛披肩的国家,
警方开始严厉打击藏羚羊羊毛披肩的贩
卖者。【归纳】
meanwhile = meantime = at the same
time
in the meantime 在此期间; 与此同时
注意：
meanwhile不能作连词用, 所以不能引
导时间状语从句。The incomes of skilled workers went up.
____, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.
A. Moreover?? ???? B. Therefore????
C. Meanwhile? ???? D. Otherwise
[点拨] 选C。句意为: 技术工人的工资增长了, 与此同时, 技术工人的工资却降低了。meanwhile意为“同时”, 符合句意。
moreover 而且, 此外；therefore因此, 所以；otherwise否则, 要不然。7. involve vt. 包括; 需要; 涉及; 使陷于；
专心于; 忙于
【教材原句】
But the trade also involves live animals.
但这种交易也包括(贩运)活着的动物。
【归纳】
involve doing sth. 需要做某事
involve sb. in (doing) sth.
使某人参与/卷入(做)某事
involve with 和……混在一起
【拓展】
involved adj. 与(某事物)有关联的, 复杂的
involvement n. 包含, 包括翻译下列句子。
1) Don’t involve other people in your trouble.
别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。
2) This lesson involves a lot of work.
这一课需要做的工作有很多。
3) How many cars were involved in the accident?
有多少辆车被卷入这次事故中呢？8. wonder n. 奇迹, 奇观; 惊讶, 惊奇　
v. 想知道; 纳闷; 对……感到疑惑;
对……感到惊奇
【教材原句】
One of the wonders of the insect world.
昆虫世界中的奇观。
【归纳】
(It’s) no wonder (that)...
不足为奇, 并不奇怪
It’s a wonder (that)... 令人惊奇的是……想知道……/对……疑惑wonder at sth.
wonder + that从句对……感到惊讶wonder about sth.
wonder + wh-/how从句wonder＋if/whether从句 不知道是否…… 1) Sometimes I _____ how I can make friends with Mark who has little in common with me.
A. expect ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?B. acknowledge?????
C. declare ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?D. wonder
2) —I hear Jack can’t stop playing computer games.
—_____ he can’t focus on his studies.
A. No wonder ? ? ? ? ? B. No problem? ??
C. No use?? ??????????????? D. No hurryD??A 9. focus n. 焦点; 集中点; 调焦; 兴趣或注意
力的中心
vt. & vi. (使)聚焦, (使)集中精力于……
【教材原句】
The focus of attention has changed, too.
关注的焦点也发生了变化。
【归纳】
focus on/upon sth.
集中(注意力、精力等)于……
focus one’s eyes on 注视 focus one’s attention on sth.
集中注意力于……
out of focus 模糊不清/焦点没有对准的
in focus 清晰的/焦点对准的
bring sth. into focus
使……成为关注的焦点
the focus of attention/concern
注意力/关注的焦点汉译英。
1) 今天我们主要讨论无家可归的人的问题。
2) 如果你把注意力集中到工作上, 你会按时完成它的。? ??Today we are going to focus on the problems of the homeless people. If you focus your attention on your work, you will finish it on time.1. at a time 一次, 每次
Often working at night, the poachers shoot whole herds of antelopes at a time, leaving only the babies, whose wool is not worth so much.
那些偷猎者常常是夜里出动, 一次就捕杀掉整群的藏羚羊, 只留下那些毛不怎么值钱的幼崽。 二、短语【拓展】
at the time 当时
at one time 曾经; 一度
at times 有时候; 间或
at no time 绝不; 在任何时候都不at one time “一度, 过去曾经”, 用于一般过去时态;
at times “有时, 不时”, 相当于sometimes;
at all times “一直, 无论如何”, 相当于at any time。at one time/at times/at all times2. stand for (指缩写或符号)是……意思,
代表;支持, 主张; 容忍, 忍受
【教材原句】
The initials, WWF, stand for World Wide
Fund for Nature.
缩写WWF代表世界自然基金会。 【拓展】
stand aside 站到一边; 让开; 袖手旁观
stand back 往后站; 退后;
置身事外(来考虑)
stand up for 支持; 维护
stand up to 勇敢地面对;
经得起, 顶得住 翻译下列句子。
1) 我不会容忍在我家出现那种行为。
2) 约翰总是支持正确的事。
3) ATM代表什么？I will not stand for behaviour of that kind in my house.John always stands for what is right.What does ATM stand for?3. set up 建立; 成立; 竖起来, 立起来;
创(记录)
【教材原句】
Then, in 1995, the organisation set up an
office in Beijing. 接着, 1995年, 世界自然
基金会在北京设立 了办事处。
【拓展】
set about 着手, 开始
set aside 放在一边
set down 放下; 写下
set off 出发, 动身; 使爆炸; 引发
set out 启程; 动身1. Although surprised, the poachers had an
advantage — there were more of them.
偷猎者虽然感到惊慌, 但他们占着人多的优势。
although surprised是过去分词做状语, 表示状态, 相当于although they were surprised。三、句式注意:
如果状语从句的主语和主句的主语一样, 常常可以省略从句中的主语和谓语部分, 即主语+助动词 be。如:
He looked at me in the eye and listened as if (he was) greatly interested.2. But today the government seems to be
winning the battle.
而如今, 政府似乎正在赢得这场战斗。
seem (to be) ＋ adj./n./介词短语/分词　
好像……; 看上去好像
seem like 看上去好像
seem＋to do/to have done/to be doing
好像要做……/已经做了……/正在做……
It seems that... 好像……(用陈述语气)It seems as if/though... 看上去好像……(从句可用虚拟语气, 也可用陈述语气)
There seems to be...好像有……
e.g. What seems easy to some people seems
difficult to others.
某些人觉得容易的事情, 别人可能觉得
困难。
Susan seems (to be) a very sensible
person.
苏珊像是个非常明智的人。It seemed like a good idea at the time.
当时这主意好像不错。
I seem to have forgotten your name.
我似乎忘了你的名字。
It seems to me that this is his most important novel.
我觉得这好像是他最重要的小说。
It seems as if everybody else knew except me.
看上去好像除了我之外人人都知道。定语从句复习
????定语从句是高中英语的重要语法项目, 其重、难点主要在选择引导词上, 下面我们一起复习一下定语从句的引导词的用法。四、语法(一) 关系代词
引导定语从句的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。其中who和 whom只能指人；which只能指物；that和whose既能指人又能指物。如：
Do you know the people who / that live over the road?
The author whom you criticized in your review has written a reply.Did you see the letter that / which came this morning?
Ben is a man whose opinion I respect.
It’s the house whose door’s painted red.注意：
指物时that和which常可互换, 但以下情况只能用that不能用which：
①先行词被形容词最高级修饰时；
②先行词有序数词或only, very, last等修饰时；③先行词为all, little, much, everything, nothing等不定代词时；
④先行词被the same, the only, the very, the right, all, every, any, much, little, no等修饰时；
⑤主句是以which, who, what 开头的特殊疑问句时。
Ken is the most honest man that I have ever met.This is the only book that has been accepted by all the students.
There is little that I can do for you.
All the books that Victoria gave me are novels.
Who is the teacher that is talking with Jim?(二) 关系副词
引导定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why等, 在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语等。如：
Sunday is the only day when I can relax.
We then moved to Paris, where we lived for six years.
There’s no reason why we shouldn’t be friends.(三) “介词+关系代词”结构
“介词+ which / whom”也可引导定语从句, 先行词指人时介词后的关系代词用whom, 其余用which。其中介词的选用和它前面的先行词或它后面的谓语的搭配有关。如：
I’ll never forget the day on which we worked together.
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom he could turn for help.注意：
①关系副词和“介词+关系代词”结构常常可以互换。如：
The day when / on which I met Mark was the greatest day of my life.
The hotel where / in which we stayed wasn’t very clean.②关系副词why引导的定语从句的先行词只有reason一词, 在口语中可用that代替。如：
The reason why / for which he was late was that he missed his train.用关系代词、关系副词或“介词+关系代词”
结构填空。
1. It’s one of the few countries ________ people drive on the left.
2. I’ve been thinking about those questions ___________ you asked me last week.
3. Is that the film ______________ a teacher gives his life to saving his student?where??which/thatin which/where4. That is the best movie ______ I’ve ever seen.
5. I don’t know the person ________ Henry is taking care.thatof whom如何介绍一种濒危动物
【写作任务】
假设你是李华, 最近你校组织学生参观了国家大熊猫自然保护区。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文介绍大熊猫并发表在校英文报上。
1. 主要习性; 2. 面临的威胁; 3. 保护措施。五、写作注意：1. 词数：120左右；2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
【写作指导】
审题定调:
本文要求介绍一种濒危动物——大熊猫, 体裁是说明文, 人称以第三人称为主, 时态以一般现在时为主。布局谋篇:
全文可分为三部分：
第一部分 简要介绍该动物的外形特征、生活习性等；
第二部分 说明面临的威胁以及原因；
第三部分 提出保护措施。常用表达:
... mainly live(s) in ...
... be an important habitat for them.
... feed(s) mainly on ...
Due to ..., the population of ... has fallen.
... have / has been on the brink of extinction. 【参考范文】
Pandas which mainly live in Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu provinces are known as the national treasure of China. Pandas with white and black fur weigh an average of 200 to 300 pounds and reach six feet in length. They feed mainly on bamboo. As a symbol of friendship, pandas are often sent to many foreign countries as gifts.Due to the loss of their habitat, the population of pandas has fallen. Now there are only about 1, 600 pandas in the wild and about 300 in zoos in China.
Now many measures have been taken to protect pandas, and their population is on the increase. However, we should do more to make an ideal habitat for them.? 高考链接单项填空
It is often the case ______ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.（2016 江苏）
why B. what
C. as D. that
D
2. Many young people , most ____ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.（2016 江苏）
of which B. of them
C. of whom D. of those
C
3. Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of _____ has been proved.（2016 浙江）
whom B. which
C. what D. that
B
4. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, _____ the weather may be better.（2016 天津）
that B. where
C. which D. when
D
5. I live next door to a couple _____ children often make a lot of noise.（2016 北京）
whose B. why
C. where D. which
A巩固练习I. 根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空一词）。 1. Since I started eating more healthily I've got so much more e________.
2. The Great Wall is one of the ________ (奇迹) of the world.
3. The car has been well maintained and is in excellent c________.wonders energy condition 4. If we continue to destroy the environment, many more animals will become e________.
5. The company's head office is in the city, but it has ________ (办事处) all over the country.
6. Many of the homes weren't p________ against flood damage.extinct branches protected II. 用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. ________ arriving home I discovered they had gone.
2. Don't hesitate to ask if you have any questions ________ this work.
3. It's best not to involve yourself ________ other people's private affairs.On about??? in4. The police were ________ the spot within a few minutes of my telephone call.
5. The school has set ________ a special class to help poor readers.
6. USA stands ________ the United States of America.
7. She struggled ________ 10 years to achieve success as an actress.on up forforIII. 用适当的关系词补全下面句子。
1. The reason __________ he accepted the nomination is not clear.
2. We live in an age ________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before.
3. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ________ help I would never have gone this far.why / that?when?? whose 4. Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.
5. He rang James, ________ was a good friend as well as the family doctor.
6. My sister brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before.?
7. I have reached a point in my career ________ I need to decide which way to go.which who whom where Ⅳ. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many animals are treated badly in zoos. Some people think that animals should live in 1. ________ (nature) environments without any bad influences by humans.
The first reason lies in the fact 2. ________ mistreatment (虐待) is becoming more and more common in zoos worldwide. natural? that 3. ________ reality, some animals in zoos are not even getting 4. ________ chance at life because of their lack of exercise, poor diet and living conditions, etc. The second reason is that zoos can give visitors a wrong idea about animals. Animals in cages are tame (温顺的), but they will behave 5. ________ (different) in the wild. So if someone came? 6. ________ an animalIn adifferently across in the wild, they may think 7. ________ is safe to approach it when it is not. Consequently, people could easily get hurt. The final reason is that they are just not morally correct. Humans are animals too. What if animals 8. ________ (decide) to capture humans and put them in zoos? Humans would probably choose to be free. itdecided It is important to keep the balance of nature and 9. ________ (do) that humans must take the basic 10. ________(step) necessary to protect animals and the habitats in which they live. to do ? ? steps