课件95张PPT。Module 1
Deep South知识归纳知识清单(一)基本单词1. ___________ adj. 极地上
2. ___________ n. 企鹅
3. ___________ n. 探险者
4. ___________ n. 南极洲
5. ___________ adj. 每年的
6. ___________ n. 降水量; 降雨量polarpenguinexplorerAntarcticaannualrainfall7. ___________ n. 状态; 状况
8. _____________ n. 重力, 地心引力
9. _____________ adj. 荒凉的, 不适宜
居住的
10. ____________ adj. 极端的, 极度的
11. ____________ adj. 连续的, 不间断的
12. ______________ adj. 天外的, 地球外的
13. ____________ n. 块, 堆, 团
14. ____________ v. 使平衡stategravityinhospitabletrapextraterrestrialmassextremebalance15. ____________ n. (对某地区的)勘查
16. ____________ n. (不断的)竞争
17. ____________ n. (国家或政府间的)
条约, 公约
18. ____________ adj. 核的, 核能的
19. ____________ n. 试验
20. ____________ prep. 经由, 增进
21. ____________ v. 使陷入困境
22. ____________ n. 救生船rivalrytreatynucleartestviatraplifeboatexploration23. ____________ n. (乘船的)旅行, 航行
24. ____________ v. 漂流, 漂泊
25. ____________ adj. 仪式性的; 正式的
26. ____________ adj. 磁的, 磁性的,
磁场的
27. ____________ n. 刺眼的光
28. ____________ adj. 强烈的
29. ____________ adj. 艰难的, 艰巨的
30. ____________ adj. 晒伤的driftceremonialmagneticglareintenseseveresunburntvoyage31. __________ adj. 麻木的; 失去知觉的
32. __________ n. 霜; 霜冻
33. __________ n. 衣服; (尤指)某种服装
34. __________ adj. 干净的;
不含有害特质的
35. __________ n. 日出
36. __________ n. 日落
37. __________ n. 日光; 白天
38. _________ adj. 烦人的, 令人讨厌的frostclothingpuresunrisesunsetdaylighttiresomenumb39. ____________ adj. 令人沮丧的;
令人抑郁的
40. __________ adj. 孤单的; 孤立的
41. __________ adj. 不很昂贵的; 适中的
42. __________ n. 奢侈品
43. __________ adj. 温暖舒适的
44. __________ n. 宿舍; 寝室
45. _________ n. 食堂, 餐厅
46. _________ v. 储存, 储备isolatedmodestluxurycosydormitorycanteenstockdepressing47. ____________ n. 待洗的衣物
48. ____________ adj. 常规的; 普通的
49. __________ v. 崩溃, 支持不住
50. __________ adj. 困难的, 棘手的
51. __________ adj. 脆弱的; 易碎的
52. __________ n. 电池
53. __________ adj. 娇气的, 纤弱的
54. __________ n. 荣幸
55. __________ n. 商人; 买卖人; 经商者conventionalsnaptrickyfragilebatterydelicateprivilegelaundrytrader56. ____________ v. 对待……如朋友
57. ____________ n. 传说; 故事
58. ____________ adj. 传说中的
59. ____________ adj. 难理解的; 晦涩的
60. ____________ adj. 亲密的
61. ____________ v. 居住
62. ____________ n. 洞察力, 眼光
63. ____________ n. 鼓舞; 启示; 灵感talelegendaryobscureintimateinhabitinsightbefriendinspiration64. __________ n. 深度
→________ adj. 深的
→_________ v. 加深; 使变深
65. __________ v. 促进, 增进
→___________ n. 促进; 促销
66. __________ adj. 不正常的, 反常的
→_________ adj. (反义词)正常的(二) 派生单词depthdeepdeepenpromotepromotionabnormalnormal67. __________ n. 缺乏; 没有
→________ adj. 缺席的
68. __________ v. 阻止;
打消……的念头
→___________ v. 鼓励
→___________ n. 勇气; 信心absenceabsentdiscourageencouragecourage69. ___________ n. 紧急情况; 突发事情
→__________ adj. 出现的; 新兴的
→__________ v. 出现; 显现出来
70. ____________ n. 可靠性
→___________ adj. 可靠的
→___________ v. 依赖; 依靠 emergencyemergentemergereliabilityreliablerely1. ______________ 适应; 改编
2. ______________ 作为……的结果
3. ______________ 脱颖而出
4. ______________ 登陆
5. ______________ 如果; 假使
6. ______________ 尤其特别
7. ______________ 进入视野,
出现, 看到(三) 短 语adapt to as a result ofstand outset foot onin case ofin particularcome into sight8. ___________ 把……从……释放出来;
使摆脱
9. ____________ 想出
10. ____________ 冒险
11. ____________ 打碎, 分裂, 结束, 衰落
12. ____________ 由于; 因为
13. _____________________________
阻止某人做某事 free fromcome up withtake a riskbreak updue todiscourage sb. from doing sth. 1. trap v. 储存, 留存, 使(某物)留在某处;
使……陷入困境
(课文原句) Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the world’s climate was like in past ages. (P2)
翻译：这些以火山灰形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古暑期全球气候的状况。核心要点(一) 单词【归纳】
be trapped in 被困在……
trap sb. into sth. /doing sth.
用计捕捉某人或使某人上当
trap n. 陷阱; 捕捉动物的器具; 圈套,
诡计; 埋伏【归纳】
set/lay a trap for. . . 对……设下圈套,
布好陷阱
be caught in a trap of 落入陷阱;
陷入……的困境
a mouse-trap/fly-trap 老鼠夹/捕蝇器2. mass n. 块, 堆, 团
(课文原句) But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which balanced the land in the north. (P3)
翻译：但是两千多年以前，古希腊的地理学家就相信地球南边会存在一大块陆地来与北边的陆地保持平衡。【归纳】
a mass of / masses of 大量的, 许多的
后既可接复数可数名词, 也可接不可数
名词
the mass of 大多数的
the masses 群众, 平民百姓 balance v. 使平衡
【归纳】
含balance的短语：
keep one’s balance 保持平衡,
保持镇静
lose one’s balance 身体失去平衡,
慌乱
on balance 总的说来, 两相比
较, 收支相抵When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ______ and had a bad fall. (2015·湖北)
A. balance B. chance
C. memory D. place
考查名词。句意：男孩在追他哥哥时，失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。A平衡；B机会；C记忆；D地方。lose one’s balance “失去平衡”。故选A。A3. promote vt. 宣传, 推销(产品); 提升, 晋升 (常用于被动语态); 支持, 促进; 鼓励
(课文原句) In particular, it aims to keep Antarctica free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste; to promote international scientific projects; and to end arguments about who owns the land. (P3)
翻译：该条约尤其致力于保护南极洲不受核试验以及放射性废物的污染，推进国际科研项目，并且些善于这片土地所有权的争论。【归纳】
promote development/growth/
understanding 促进发展/增长/加深了解
promote sb. from sth. to sth.
把某人从某职位提升至某职位
be promoted to. . . 被升为……【拓展】
promotion n. 提升, 晋级; 促销产品
gain/get promotion of sth.
(对某事业的)促进, 提倡, 赞助
win promotion 获得晋级, 争取晋升4. absence n. 缺乏, 没有(课文原句) Sunrise and sunset come once every six months, and in the winter the total absence of daylight can be tiresome, and for some, depressing. (P11)
翻译：每六个月只有一次日出和日落，冬天整个没有日光是非常烦躁的，甚至有些压抑。 【归纳】
absence from work/school 缺勤/缺课
absence of mind 心不在焉
in one’s absence＝in the absence of
在某人不在时
【拓展】
absent adj. 缺席的, 不在的, 缺乏的
be absent from 缺席, 缺乏5. discourage vt. 使泄气; 使气馁;
阻止; 打消……的念头
vi. 灰心, 失去勇气 (课文原句) We discourage you from smoking except in specific areas. (P11)
翻译：除了在一些特殊的区域,我们劝你不要抽烟。 【归纳】
discourage sb. from doing sth.
打消某人做某事的念头;
使某人失去做某事的信心【拓展】
discouraged adj. 沮丧的, 灰心丧气的
discouraging adj. 令人泄气的,
令人沮丧的
discouragement n. 沮丧, 灰心丧气;
挫折, 阻拦【联想】
courage n. 勇气
encourage v. 鼓励
encourage sb. to do sth.
鼓励某人做某事6. privilege n. 荣幸, 殊荣; 特权,
优惠, 特免(课文原句) It’s a privilege, not a right to come to this extraordinary place. (P11)
翻译：来到这个不平凡的地方，是一种优待，而不是权利。 【归纳】
exercise/enjoy privileges
行使/享受特权
grant sb. the privilege of doing sth.
给予某人做某事的特权
the privilege of Parliament
(英国)议会的特权 privilege vt. 给予……特权; 特免
【归纳】
privilege sb. from a tax 免某人的税
privilege sb. from arrest
特免某人不受逮捕
【拓展】
privileged adj. 有特权的
the privileged classes 特权阶级1. adapt to 适应(环境等) (二) 短语(课文原句) Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, which has adapted to its extreme conditions. (P2)
翻译：但南极洲仍然栖息着许多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。【拓展】
adapt oneself to 使自己适应(to为介词)
get adapted to 习惯于
adjust…to 调整; 调节
adapt...for... 为……而改编……
adapt...from... 由……改编成……【联想】
fit vt. 大小、尺寸适合
suit vt. 合乎要求、口味、性格、情况
match vt. 大小、色调、形状、性质
等相配2. set foot on/in 进入, 到达; 踏上, 涉足(课文原句) Then in 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot on the Antarctic mainland. (P3)
翻译：后来到了1895年，一个叫卡斯腾博克格雷温克的挪威人成为第一个踏上南极大陆的人。 【拓展】
set sb./sth. on his/its feet 扶……站起
get/rise to one’s feet 站起来
struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来
stand on one’s own feet 自立
on foot 步行3. come into/in sight 进入视野, 出现,
看到(课文原句) But when land came into sight, the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up. (P7)
翻译：但是当陆地出现在视野时，“坚韧号 ”被困在冰里，并且开始解体。 【拓展】
at first sight 初看起来, 乍一看
at (the) sight of 一看见(某人/某物)
就……
in/within sight 看得见, 在视野内
out of sight 在视野之外;
在看不见的地方catch sight of
发现, 突然看到
lose sight of
看不见, 忽略, 失去……的音信 break up 打碎, 分裂, 结束, 衰落
【拓展】
break down 分解; 毁掉; 出故障
break into 强行闯入 ; 突然……起来
break out 爆发; 发生
break through 突围; 突破The two countries are going to meet to ______ some barriers to trade between them. (2014·天津卷)
A. make up B. use up
C. turn down D. break down
句意：两个国家将举行会面以扫除两国之间的贸易障碍。make up 组成，构成，编造，虚构，和解；use up用完；turn down 拒绝，关小；break down扫除(障碍)，清除(困难)。根据句中的关键词barriers，
可知是扫除障碍，故选D。D 4. come up with 想出; 提供(课文原句) When they reached the island, Shakleton came up with an idea – it was risk but he would have to take it. (P7)
翻译：当他们到达岛屿，沙克尔顿有了一个想法，这有危险，但是他必须要尝试一下。 【拓展】
表示“想到……”还可用：
It strikes sb. that. . .
It occurs to sb. that. . .
【联想】
come across 被理解; 被传达; 碰见;
偶然遇见
come to an end 结束come to 总计; 达到; 谈到;
归纳为……
come into being 形成; 产生
come to oneself 苏醒过来
come down to. . . 下垂到; 达到;
流传下来; 可归结为
come out of 出自; 生自; 脱离
come into use 开始使用5. in case of 假使, 以防; 万一(课文原句) Medical assistance is available in case of an emergency. (P11)
翻译：万一有紧急情况可以提供医疗帮助。【拓展】
in case 假如, 以免(防)
(连词, 常引导条件状语从句)
in any case 无论如何, 总之
in no case 绝不; 无论如何(in no case
置于句首时, 句子用部分倒装)in this/that case
如果这样/那样的话, 在这种/那种情况下
in the case of
就……来说, 关于
as is often the case
这是常有的事e.g. 1) When he moved to Canada, the children ________(适应)to the change very well.
2) He ________(适应了)himself to the cold weather.
3) This novel has been ________(改编)for radio from the Russian original. adaptedadaptedadaptedI. 根据本模块所学单词及提示写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. You are working too hard. You’d better keep a b_______ between work and relaxation.
2. The Prime Minister’s visit will ________ (促进) cooperation between the two countries.promotebalance ?3. It is a fairly s______ situation for you because nobody has ever gone through it.
4. Do you know the reason for his ________ (缺席) from school yesterday?
5. You should only use this door in a(n) ___________ (紧急情况).
6. The engineers tried to t_____ the gas in the pipes but some escaped.trapsevere absence? ??emergency? ?II. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. I sat down to write my essay, but found I was completely without __________ (inspire).
2. The ___________ (explore) for new sources of energy is vital for the future of our planet.
3. His father is a market _______ (trade), selling fruit and vegetables.
4. Was King Arthur a real or a(n) __________ (legend) character?legendaryinspiration ?exploration? trader1. Jane ______________ a new idea for increasing sales at yesterday’s meeting.
2. The child dreams of ___________ going to the zoo.
3. Peter _________ the chocolate bar and gave each child a small piece.came up with?nothing butbroke upIII. 选择合适的短语, 用适当形式填空。come into sight, due to, adapt to,
break up, nothing but, ? come up with4. Some animals have a remarkable ability to ________ changing environments.
5. The mountain ______________ as we turned the last corner.
6. The team’s success was largely _______ her efforts.adapt to?came into sightdue to 1. Not until the late 18th century did the British explorer James Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.
直到18世纪末, 英国探险家詹姆斯·库克才穿越了南极圈, 但他却从未发现任何陆地。(三) 句 式这是一个倒装句结构, 相当于The British explorer James Cook didn’t cross the Antarctic Circle until the late 18th century, but he never saw land.
Not until＋时间状语从句置于句首, 主句要用部分倒装结构。
句型：not until. . . did＋主语(倒装句)直到……才……。(1) not until置于句首时, 主句用部分倒装。即将助动词/系动词/情态动词放在主语的前面。但如果not. . . until连接的是含状语从句的复合句, 用于倒装语序时, 只倒装主句部分, 从句部分(即until后面的从句)不倒装。
(2)在含有not. . . until的句型中, 在对until引导的从句进行强调时, 要将not until放在一起加以强调, 构成“It is/was not until. . . that. . . ”句式。(3)在句型“主句＋until/till＋时间状语从句或状语”中, 尤其应注意以下几点：主句中动词是非延续性动词, 如leave, graduate, break等时, 必须用否定形式。主句中动词是延续性动词, 肯定、否定形式都可以, 但意义完全不同。e.g. You don’t leave until he comes back.
他不回来, 你不能离开。
We discussed the problem until he came back.
我们一直讨论到他回来。 Not until recently _______ the development
of tourist-related activities in the rural
areas. （2016江苏）
A. they had encouraged
B. had they encouraged
C. did they encourage
D. they encouraged C 【解析】考查倒装语序和时态。句意：直到近来他们才鼓励农村地区旅游相关活动的发展。not until…位于句首时，句子要用部分倒装；encourage表示的动作已经发生，故用一般过去时。注意不要受到recently的影响而选B项。2. Gases and minerals, in the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice, can tell us a lot about what the world's climate was like in past ages.
以火山灰形式封冻进冰层里的气体和矿物质可以告诉我们很多关于远古时期全球气候的信息。
what从句在此句中做宾语, what从句还可以做主语, 表语, 补语。what除了具有连接功能外, 在从句中它还可以做主语, 宾语, 表语或定语。what从句相当于：名词＋that引导的定语从句。此外, what从句做宾语时, 有时具有感叹意义。It is often the case _____ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. (2016·江苏)
A. why B. what C. as D. that
A. what B. whom C. why D. when
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：通常情况下，对于那些心存希望的人，一切皆有可能。分析句子结构可知，it做形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。It is often the case that…可视为固定句式，意为“通常情况下……”。DReading her biography, I was lost in admiration for ______ Doris Lessing had achieved in literature. (2015·陕西)
A. what B. that C. why D. how
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：读完了她的自传后，我对多丽丝·莱辛在文学上做出的贡献非常敬佩。介词for后面是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，所以选A。A语法主语高考考点解读主语是一个句子所述说的主体，是英语语法中的一个重要项目。说明：以下所选高考真题形式有所改动。
1.?名词用作主语。如：
Silk had become one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.??? (浙江2016)2.?代词用作主语。当不定代词用作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
In this article, you?need to back up general statements with specific examples.??? (浙江2016)
The meeting will be held in September, but?nobody?knows the date for sure.? (重庆2015)
3.?数词用作主语。如：
Three?is enough.4.?名词化的形容词用作主语。如：
The?old?feel the cold weather more than the young.
5.?副词用作主语。如：
Now?is the time.
6.?名词化的介词用作主语。如：
The?ups?and?downs?of life must be taken as they come.7.?不定式用作主语。如：
To find?your way can be a problem.
8.?动词-ing形式用作主语。谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
Reading?is the fundamental skill upon which school education depends.9.?名词化的动词-ed形式用作主语。如：
The?disabled?are to receive more money.
10.?介词短语用作主语。如：
From my home to the museum?was a ten-minute ride on the bus.11. it用作形式主语。真正的主语常是不定式或从句。如：
There were moments of frustration of course: often she would be the last swimmer in the race. It?was difficult for Cathy to accept that she wasn’t a winner —ever.? (天津2016)12.?从句用作主语。谓语动词常用单数形式。如：
How we understand things?has a lot to do with what we feel.????? (北京2015)
13.?句子用作主语。如：
“How do you do?”?is a greeting.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。
1. ____________________________ (年轻人) should learn to respect the old.
2. __________________________ (“熟能生巧”) is my favorite English saying.The young / Young people???“Practice makes perfect”??3. ________________________________
_________ (多少人死于那场战争) was never announced.
4. It hasn't been fixed ________________________________ (英语晚会何时举行).How many people were killed in that war??when the English party will be held写作如何用英语介绍探险旅行【写作任务】
?????? 假设你是李华, 你的美国笔友Tom最近喜欢上了探险旅行。请你根据所给提示, 给他写一封电子邮件，介绍探险旅行的相关情况。? 注意：1. 词数120左右；
?????? 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【写作指导】
审题定调:
???本写作正文部分要求介绍探险旅行， 是说明文。时态以一般现在时为主。
布局谋篇:
正文可分为三部分：
第一部分：介绍探险旅行兴起的原因；
第二部分：介绍探险旅行的现状；
第三部分：介绍探险旅行的注意事项。常用表达:
More and more people choose the challenge of adventure travel, because ...
... are happening frequently these days.
Knowing how to ... is of great importance.
One of the ways to ... is to ...
The most important thing is that ...【参考范文】
Dear Tom,
I’m writing to tell you something about adventure travel.
More and more people choose the challenge of adventure travel, because they think it is the best way to relax in our fast-paced society. Unfortunately, accidents are happening frequently these days. For example, the number of missing tourists has rapidly increased. So knowing how to be safe is of great importance. One of the ways to ensure your safety is to note the weather forecast before setting out as well as carrying enough supplies for any possible emergency. The most important thing is that you should have knowledge of field survival. The purpose of getting close to nature is not to conquer it. Please remember your safety is the most important. ?
Yours,
Li HuaI. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1. Many dolphins can dive to ________ (deep)
of 200 metres.
2. The ship was blown off course by ________
(normal) weather conditions.
3. Rolls-Royce cars are famous for their
quality and _________ (reliable).巩固练习depthsabnormalreliability4. There have been great advances in space
__________ (explore) in China in the last
ten years.
5. The large grassland looks __________
(extreme) beautiful against the clean blue
sky.
6. I sat down to write my essay, but found I
was completely without ___________
(inspire).explorationextremelyinspiration II. 用适当的介词填空。
1. Have you any grey sweaters ________ stock?
2. She glared angrily ________ everyone and
stormed out of the room.
3. It is believed that Armstrong was the first
man to set foot ________ the moon.
4. The good thing about children is that they
adapt very easily ________ new environments.
5. It was an interesting book, full of fascinating
insights ________ human relationships.intoinat on toIII. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每
空一词）。
1. Walking on the ice, I ________ ________
________ (失去平衡) and fell over.
2. ______ ______ ________ _______ _______
________ (经理不在的时候)I shall be in
charge.
3. We tried to __________ _____ _____ ________
(劝他不要爬) the mountain without a guide.
4. You should learn my number by heart.
_____ _____ _____ _____ _________ (万一发
生紧急情况) you can turn to me for help.In case of an emergency lost my
balance In the absence of the managerdiscourage him from climbing5. He worked hard in the new company and
_______ _______ _________ (很快得到提升).
6. They ________ ________ ________ (被困在)
the burning hotel, almost choking to death in
the thick smoke.
7. When we bought the house, it was ________
_______ ________ ________ (处于一个糟糕
的状态).
8. The young dancers looked so charming in
their beautiful clothes that we took ________
________ (大量的) pictures of them. masses
ofwas soon promoted were trapped in in
a terrible state阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Unlike the Arctic in the North, which is just made up of ice, Antarctica is an actual land mass. In fact, it is one tenth of the land surface of the earth. Over 140 million years ago, Antarctica was a green and living place. 1. ________, the land mass gradually moved to the colder areas in the South, and now it is just as frozen as the Arctic.
Over an area of the size of the USA, Antarctica 2. ________ (hold) 90 percent of all the world'sHoweverholdsice. In some places this ice is 4.5 kilometers thick. If all the ice melted, the world's oceans 3. __________ (rise) by 60 meters. Because 4. ________ research being done in Antarctica, scientists discovered that the earth is gradually getting warmer. This means 5. ________ the ice is slowly melting.
The map of Antarctica 6. ___________ (change) shape over the last decades as huge pieces of ice have broken off and floated away into the sea. Sometimes the scientists studying these changes get 7. __________ (dangerous) involved in theirwould rise of dangerously thathas changedown research. In 1968 a huge piece of ice 8. _________ (measure) 15,000 square kilometers broke away. Unfortunately it carried with it a Russian research station 9. ___________ had been built on the ice.
For several years, another kind of visitors has outnumbered the scientists in Antarctica. People come to see the local bird life, to go mountaineering, or to visit the South Pole. If we are not 10. ________ (care), it will not remain a wilderness for much longer.carefulmeasuringwhich / that 课件90张PPT。Module 2
The Renaissance 知识归纳1. ____ v. 对……征税, 向……课税
2. ____ v. 逃跑, 逃掉
3. _______ v. 恳求; 呼吁
4. ______ v. 寻找; 寻求
5. _______ n. 方面; 利益
6. ______ n. (对错事或坏事应负的) 责任
7. _______ n. 自由; 自由权
8. _______ n. 激情; 热爱知识清单（一）基本单词taxfleeappealseekbehalfblamelibertypassion9. __________ n.（文艺的）复兴
10. _______ n. 主题
11. ______ n. 作品
12. ______ n.（图画等中的）阴影
13. ______ adj. 有技巧的, 熟练的
14. ________ adj. 持续整夜的
15. __________ n. 发言人; 代言人
16. _________ n. 地下室
17. _________ n. 庭院, 院子
18. _________ n. 路人renaissancesubjectworkshadeskilledovernightspokesmanbasementcourtyardpasserby19. ________ __________ n. 十字路口
20. ____ n. 丢失, 丧失
21. _____ adj. 最重要的; 首要的
22. ___________ adj. 根本的, 基本的
23. _________ n. 不利因素
24. _______ adj. 极好的; 超级的
25. ___________ adj. 秘密的, 机密的
26. _____ n. 债务
27. _______ adv. 仅仅, 只不过
28. ________ n. 结果, 后果crossingcrossroadslosschieffundamentaldrawbacksuperbconfidentialdebtmerelyoutcome29. ______ adj. 有天赋的, 有才华的
30. _______ n. 官员, 高级职员
31. _____ adj. 农村的, 乡村的
32. _______ v. 鼓舞, 激励
33. _________ v. 计算
34. _____ adj. 枯燥的, 沉闷的
35. _____ v. 猛冲giftedofficialruralinspirecalculatedulldash1. ________ v. 激发, 激励
_________ n. 激起动机; 意图
2. ______ n. (犯罪) 嫌疑人; 可疑分子
________ n. 猜疑; 疑心
_________ adj. 多疑的; 可疑的
3. ______ v. 鼓舞, 激励
__________ n. 鼓舞; 启示; 灵感
4. _________ n. 职业
___________ adj. 专业的; 职业的（二）派生单词motivatemotivationsuspectsuspicionsuspiciousinspireinspirationprofessionprofessional5. _________ adj. 引起烦恼的; 令人不安的
_______ v. 打扰; 扰乱
___________ n. 打扰; 妨碍
6. _____ n. 效果; 作用
_______ adj. 有效的; 起作用的disturbingdisturbdisturbanceeffecteffective1. 历史上
2. 出发去某地
3. 把……抛在后面
4. 与……相比
5. 简言之
6. 为……作贡献
7. 代表……
8. 相反
9. 从事, 开始做
10. 获得自由的（三）短语in historyleave forleave sth. behindcompare within shortmake contribution toon behalf ofinstead oftake upat liberty1. effect n. 影响, 后果; 感触; 作用, 影响
(课文原句) The effect of the light, the combination of light and shade, is astonishing. (P15)
翻译：光线，以及光线跟阴影融合的效果都让人吃惊 。（一）单词核心要点 【归纳】
have an effect on 对……产生影响
take effect 见效, 生效, 实施
go/come into effect
开始生效; 实施(无被动语态)put/ bring/ carry sth. into effect
使……生效
in effect
实际上; (规律、法律)生效, 在实行中
cause and effect 因果
be of no effect (＝be useless)
没有作用; 无效2. reckon v. 测量; 认为, 把……看作
(课文原句) In the last 70 days of his life before he shot himself he produced 70 paintings, and I reckon they’re almost all masterpieces. (P22)
翻译：在他开枪把自己杀死的前70天，他创作了70幅画，我认为这些画几乎都是杰作。【归纳】
reckon sb./sth. to be/as...认为……是……
reckon (that)... 认为……
reckon sth. in 将某事物计算在内
reckon on sb./sth.
指望或依赖某人/某事物3. appeal vi. 有吸引力; 呼吁; 上诉
n. 吸引力; 呼吁; 上诉
(课文原句) We’re appealing to anyone who saw the suspect to contact us. (P25)
翻译：我们呼吁，如果有人看到了嫌疑犯，请和我们联系。【归纳】
appeal to sb. for sth.
恳求/呼吁/诉诸/求助某人……
appeal to sb./ sth. (对某人/物) 有吸引
力; 向……呼吁, 求助于
appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳请某人做某事make an appeal to sb.
向某人提出呼吁, 引起某人的兴趣
【温馨提示】
appeal用作名词, 通常与to或for连用; 用作 动词, 通常与to或against连用。 We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or ______ our emotions than for straight facts. (2015·浙江)
A. block off B. appeal to
C. subscribe to D. come across
句意：与毫无渲染的事实相比，我们更容易记住那些能使我们感官兴奋或者感染我们情绪的事情。A封锁，阻挡， B吸引，有感染力，C订阅， D遇到。B该句的句式用到了一个比较句式及一个定语从句，看来有一点复杂，其实这道题的关键就是连词or，or意思是或者，用于并列句。所以our emotions表达是跟前面excite our senses(让我们激动)意思相同，根据句意不难得出答案是B。suspect n. 嫌疑犯, 有嫌疑的人;
vt. 怀疑, 疑心, 猜想
【归纳】
suspect sb. of doing sth.
怀疑某人做了某事
suspect that-clause
怀疑……【拓展】
suspicion n. 猜疑; 怀疑
suspicious adj. 有疑心的, 表示怀疑的
suspicion about sth./sb./that-clause
疑心……
be suspicious about/of sth./sb.
对某物/某人疑心; 对某物/某人表示怀疑4. seek vt. & vi. (sought, sought) 搜寻,
寻找, 寻求; 企图, 试图
(常跟不定式)
(课文原句)We’re?seeking?a?gang?of?
criminals. (P25)??
翻译：我们正在寻找一帮犯罪分子。 【归纳】
seek after/for 寻求; 追求, 寻找
seek through 找遍
seek sb./sth. out 挑选出; 下决心找到……
seek sth. from sb. 向某人寻求某物
seek to do sth. (正式)试图做某事
seek one’s advice/help
征求某人的意见/寻求帮助[拓展]
hide-and-seek 捉迷藏
[即学即练]
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子，每
空一词。
I have never ______ ____ _____ ____ _____
（试图隐瞒我的看法）. sought to hide my views 5. blame vt. 责备, 指责, 把……归咎于
n. 埋怨, 责备, 责怪; 责任
(课文原句)The?outcome?of?the?story?is?
that Perugia?got?the?blame?for?the?
crime?and?went?to?prison.? (P25)
翻译：故事的结局是佩鲁贾为这起犯罪
承担责任并进了监狱。?【归纳】
blame sb. for sth./ doing sth.
责备某人做了某事
blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人
be to blame (for sth.)
应为……承担责任; (不能用被动)
take the blame for sth. 对某事负责任
put the blame for sth. on sb.
将某事归咎于某人6. inspire vt. 鼓舞; 感动; 激发; 启示
(课文原句) Without inexpensive printing to make books available to a large section of society, the son of John Shakespeare, a government official in rural England in the mid-1500s, may never have been inspired to take up writing as a profession. (P27)
翻译：假如没有低廉的印刷技术使得广大社会阶层有书可读，16世纪中期英格兰乡村的政府官员—约翰莎士比亚的儿子也许根本不可能受到鼓舞而将写作作为职业。【归纳】
inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
inspire sb. with... 使某人产生……
inspire sb. to sth. 鼓励某人某事
inspire sth. in sb.
使某人产生……(感觉或情感)
【拓展】
inspiration n. 灵感
inspired adj. 受……影响的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的, 激励人的 [即学即练]
根据中英文提示完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. 要想成为一名好老师，你必须能够激励你的学生学习。
To be a good teacher, you must be able to _____ _____ ________ _______ _______.
2. 他是一位富有灵感的诗人，写了很多优秀的诗歌。
He was ____ _______ _______, who wrote a good many excellent poems.
3. 很多音乐家的作品来自于他们的灵感。
Many musicians’ works come from their ________. inspiration inspire
your students to study an inspired poet 1. leave sth. behind 把……抛在后面
(课文原句) The?burglar?left?the?antique?
frame?and?the?glass?behind.? (P25)
翻译：盗窃犯把古时的镜框和玻璃留了
下来。（二）短语【归纳】
leave for 动身去……
leave out 省略
leave sb. sth.＝leave sth. to sb.
遗赠(给某人), 留下
leave sb./sth.＋n./adj./v.-ing/p.p./to do/介
词短语 让……保持某种状态2. take up
(课文原句) Without inexpensive printing to make books available to a large section of society, the son of John Shakespeare, a government official in rural England in the mid-1500s, may never have been inspired to take up writing as a profession. (P27)
翻译：假如没有低廉的印刷技术使得广大社会阶层有书可读，16世纪中期英格兰乡村的政府官员—约翰莎士比亚的儿子也许根本不可能受到鼓舞而将写作作为职业。take up
1) 开始从事, 开始对……有兴趣
2) 占据 (时间、空间、注意力等)
3) 着手处理, 着手进行
4) 拿起、举起、接受 (建议或挑战)
【拓展】
take away 拿走; 使离开, 消失
take down 拿下, 取下; 记下来
take in 接待; 欺骗; 掌握, 理解take off 脱下; 起飞; 打折; 请假
take on 呈现; 露出; 接受
take over 接手; 接管
take… for granted 认为……是理所当然地
take place 发生; 举行
take turns 轮流
take it easy 慢慢来, 别紧张Peter will ______ his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month. (2015·陕西)
A. take up B. put up
C. add up D. break up
句意：彼得在这个月底将从事旅行社负责人的职位。A拿起，开始从事；B竖立；搭建；C加起来；D结束，分解。故选A。AI. 根据本模块所学单词及提示写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. We seem to have got off the _________ (主题) we’re meant to be discussing.
2. The plan is designed to m_________ employees to work more efficiently.motivatesubject3. The boy’s family has made a public _______ (呼吁) for help to try and catch his killer.
4. He reached some ________ (不确定的) conclusions about the possible cause of the accident.
5. Old people may s____ their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children.seekappealtentative?II. 用适当的介词或副词填空。
1. Choosing the right bike depends ____ what you want to use it for.
2.?You’ll end ____ in hospital if you drive your car like that.
3.?The only way to make a complex system that works is to begin _____ a simple one.uponwith4. John accepted the championship award on behalf ____ the team．
5. This kind of discussion will certainly lead ___ still greater differences between the two parties．toof?1. So you can walk along a street for half an hour or so and end up five minutes from where you started.
那么你有可能沿街走了半小时左右, 结果你离出发的地点实际只有五分钟的路程。
1) where引导的从句作介词from的宾语。
e.g. You can start the experiment from
where you have failed.（三）句式2) where 连接副词, 引导宾语从句等名词性从句。
e.g. It’s none of your business where I
spend my summer.
3) where有时可与不定式短语连用作动词的宾语。
e.g. Ask him where to go.4) where 关系副词, 引导定语从句, 在从句中作地点状语, 相当于“介词＋which”, 从句前面可以出现表地名的名词, 还可出现表“场合, 形势, 情况” (situation/case/scene/point) 等名词。
e.g. Imagine a situation where two
strangers are talking to each other
after someone they both know has left
the room.5) where 连词, 引导地点状语从句, 表“在……的地方”。
e.g. Where there is heavy traffic, the
air pollution is serious.You have to know ______ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. (2015·湖南)
A. what B. that C. where D. whoC【解祈】考查宾语从句。分祈可知：know后接宾语从句。宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词，连接代词有：who, whom, whose, which, what, 在句中做主语、宾语、定语或表语。连接副词有：when, where, why, how,在句中做状语。“You’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.”是完整句，故应用连接副词来引导从句。句意：若你要计划去那里的最隹方案，那你就得知道你要去什么地方。2. Painters discovered how to use perspective and the effects of light.
画家们发现了如何使用透视法和光线的效
果。
1) how to use perspective and the effects of light. “及物动词＋疑问词＋动词不定式”结构, 该结构中 what/who/when/
where/ whether/which/how等疑问词＋不定式相当于相应意义的宾语从句。本句可以转化成一个宾语从句：
Painters discovered how they could use perspective and the effects of light.
能用于该结构的常见动词有：
consider/decide/explain/find out/know/ show/tell/wonder等。
e.g. I haven’t decided where to go.2) “疑问词＋不定式”可放在介词后, 作介词的宾语。
e.g. I am interested in what to do but
don't know how to do it.
3) 该句式中的不定式常用主动的形式表示被动的含义。
e.g. School uniforms are not cool enough,
so students almost don’t know what
to expect.4) “疑问词＋不定式”结构还有下列用法：
① 作主语
e.g. How to improve English is often
discussed among the students.
② 作表语
e.g. The problem is where to find the
financial aid.
③ 作名词同位语
e.g. Tom had no idea which book to read
first.5) 介词＋which/ whom＋不定式…。通常作后置定语, 相当于一个定语从句。指人时用whom, 指物时用which。
e.g. Here is the money with which to
buy a piano.
She is the right person on whom to
depend.语法动词-ing形式和不定式既是中学阶段语法学习的重点，又是高考考查的热点。复习动词-ing形式和不定式一、构成说明：以下所选高考真题形式有所改动。
考点一：动词-ing形式的用法
【考例】
用括号内单词的适当形式完成下面句子。
1. I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman __________ (wear) a mask.? (重庆2015)
设空处作后置定语修饰gunman。因gunman与wear之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且wear所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填wearing。wearing2. ________________ (work) for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.???? (天津2015)
句子主语Steve?与work之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且work所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前，故填Having worked。Having worked考点点拨:
动词-ing形式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生；动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。动词-ing形式的主动式表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系；动词-ing形式的被动式表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系。考点二：不定式的用法
【考例】
用括号内单词的适当形式完成下面句子。
1. ________ (learn) more about Chinese culture, Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.???? (福建2015)
设空处表目的，且句子主语Jack与learn之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填To learn。To learn2. There are still many problems _____________ (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.???? (北京2014)
由时间状语before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon可知，solve所表示的动作发生在将来，故用不定式，且solve与problems之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填to be solved。to be solved考点点拨:
不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常发生在谓语动作之后，表示将要发生的动作；不定式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前。不定式表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是主谓关系时用主动式，是动宾关系时用被动式。不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动作同时发生的动作。______ it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.
(2016北京)
A. Made B. Make
C. Making D. To make
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更便于联系我们，你最好将这张卡片放在身边。分析句子结构可知，空格处作状语，且表示目的，故选动词不定式To make。高考链接D 2. Newly-built wooden cottages line the street,
________ the old town into a dreamland.
(2016北京)
A. turn B. turning
C. to turn D. turned
【解析】查非谓语动词。句意:新建的木屋排列在街道两旁，把这座古老的城镇变成了梦幻的世界。题中动词line(沿……排列成行)是谓语动词，所以turn就只能用非谓语动词形式；句子主语Newly-built wooden cottages 与turn是主动关系，故用现在分词做伴随状语。B3. The cooling wind swept through our
bedroom windows, _______ air conditioning
unnecessary. (2016·天津卷)
A. making B. to make
C. made D. being made
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:凉爽的风通过我们卧室的窗户吹进来，没必要吹空调了。题中swept是谓语动词，所以make只能用非谓语动词形式；句子主语the cooling wind与make是主动关系，故用现在分词做结果状语。B项to make也可以做结果状语，但表示出乎意料的结果，不符合语境。A4. ______ for two days, Steve managed to finish his report on schedule. (2015·天津)
A. To work B. Worked
C. To be working D. Having worked
句意：工作了两天，史蒂夫成功的按时完成了他的报告。句中的逻辑主语为Steve与work之间为主动关系，故用现在分词，这里用having worked，表示动作的先后性。故选D。D 5. Like ancient sailors, birds can find their way ______ the sun and the stars. (2015·重庆)
A. used B. having used
C. using D. use
句意：象古代的水手一样，鸟能利用太阳和星辰来找到他们的路。逻辑主语是鸟类，和use的之间的关系是主动关系，所以选择doing形式。having used此题不强调此含义，故排除。C 表示该非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前using作伴随状语。伴随状语是指状语从句的动作伴随主句发生，它的特点是：它所表达的动作或状态是伴随着句子谓语动词的动作而发生或存在的。6. ______ the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. (2015·安徽)
A. Ignore B. Ignoring
C. Ignored D. Having ignored
句意：忽视这两项研究结果的差异将会是你所犯的最糟糕的错误之一。句子缺主语，ignore 的逻辑主语是you，两者是主谓关系，故用动名词做主语，故选B。B will be前是主语部分，动词原形和过去分词不能直接作主语，习惯上用动名词作主语。且you和ignore是主谓关系。用括号内（短语）动词的正确形式完成下
面对话。
Interviewer:?With me today is Dr Gordon Bennett, who has just published a book about the history of early medicine. Dr Bennett, it seems amazing 1. ________ (think) that medicine is almost as old as human civilization.to think?Dr Bennett:?Yes, although there is no actual record 2. ________ (show) when people started trying to cure illness, cave paintings discovered in the Lascaux Caves in France, do show that plants were used for medicinal purposes even as far back as 27,000 years ago.
Interviewer:?But wasn't it in ancient India that the earliest form of medical practices appears 3. ____________ (begin)?showingto have begunDr Bennett:?That's right. Archaeological evidence of teeth having been drilled, 4. ________ (date) back 9,000 years, has been found in modern-day Pakistan, while “Ayurveda” which means “the science of living”, possibly the oldest system of medicine, originated over 2,000 years ago in southern Asia. dating?Dr Bennett:?Ancient texts 5. ___________ (belong to) that period define the purpose of medicine as being to cure the diseases of the sick, protect the healthy, and to prolong life.
Interviewer:?How interesting!belonging to写作如何用英语写旅行日记【写作任务】
?????? 请你根据所给提示，用英语写一篇旅行日记，并发表在你校英文报上。注意：1. 词数120左右；
?????? 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【写作指导】
审题定调:
?????本写作要求介绍自己游览西湖的经历，是记叙文，通常按照时间顺序写。时态以一般过去时为主，人称以第一人称为主。
布局谋篇:
全文可分为三部分：
第一部分：总体介绍游览的时间和地点；
第二部分：详细介绍游览的经历；
第三部分：表达自己的感想。常用表达:
My classmates and I visited ...
We met at ... and set off at ...
It took us ... to go to ...
During the trip, ...
We were deeply attracted by the beauty of ...
We had a good time. / We enjoyed ourselves very much.
I hope every visitor contributes to ...【参考范文】
My classmates and I visited the West Lake last Sunday.
We met at the school gate and set off at eight. It took us an hour to get to the West Lake by bike. We took many photos there, and talked with some foreigners in English. Being able to make myself understood made me feel more confident about my spoken English. During the travel, when we saw some people throwing away rubbish everywhere, we came up to stop them and helped to collect the rubbish and put it into the dustbins. At about four, we started to return home.
We were deeply attracted by the beauty of the West Lake and had a happy time. I hope every visitor contributes to the protection of the beautiful scenery.I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
The ________ (lose) of his purse caused him
much inconvenience.
2. A(n) ________ (office) at the railway station
said the train would arrive late.
3. Carl was amusing and ________ (gift) with a
sharp business brain.巩固练习lossofficialgifted 4. I bought a teddy bear with ________
(move) arms and legs for my daughter as a
present.
5. It is very __________ (disturb) that so
many areas in our country were struck by
heavy snow last night.movabledisturbing II. 用适当的介词填空。
1. The lift is a large one and it can hold up _______ 13 people.
2. The students were _______ liberty to express their own opinions.
3. I don't want to get involved in the argument about who is to blame _______ the accident.
4. There is enough evidence that cars have a bad effect _______ the environment.
5. The police are appealing _______ the public for any information about the missing girl. toatforontoIII. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其正确形式填空（每个短语限用一次）。
1. Could you tell me when the next bus _________ the train station?
2. The expenses you claim can vary enormously, _____________ the travel distances involved.
3. ____________ the entire company, I would like to thank you for all your work.take up, lead to, get tired of,
on behalf of, leave for, depend on leaves fordepending onOn behalf of 4. He tried to learn English but soon __________ it and gave it up.
5. His carelessness ________ him making the mistake.
6. While still at college, he ________ oil painting in his spare time.take up, lead to, get tired of,
on behalf of, leave for, depend on got tired of led totook upIV. 根据括号内的汉语提示，用非谓语动词（短语）补全下面句子。
________________ (听到声响), many people
came running to see what had happened.
2. ____________________ (出生于一个贫困家庭), Nadia had only two years of schooling.
3. He went home from his holiday only ______________ (发现) that many valuable things in his house were missing.Born into a poor family Hearing the sound to find 4. I advised her _____________________ (不要
独自外出) but she wouldn't listen.
5. It is kind of the family to try to make me
______________ (感觉像在家里) in their
house. not to go out on her own feel at home阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
There were many great artists during the Renaissance. Perhaps the most famous are Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo. Other artists, however, also had great influence both during Renaissance times and later.
Jan van Eyck (1390-1441)
Jan van Eyck's early influences more than likely came from his brother Hubert. In fact, Jan would sometimes finish his brother's works. The Ghent Altarpiece is an example of Jan 1. ________ (finish) what Hubert started. Jan van Eyck perfected the technique of oil painting. He is often known as “the father of oil painting” because of all the new techniques and advances he made 2. ________ oil painting.
Masaccio (1401-1428)
Masaccio was a famous painter of the Italian Renaissance. He lived 3. ________ very short life and only a few of his paintings exist, finishing ina but they were so 4. ________ (differ) from the style of other artists around him that they helped other painters 5. ________ (see) things in a new way. Masaccio is often called “the father of Renaissance painting”. He introduced the painting of lifelike figures that had not been done 6. __________ (previous) in the Middle Ages.
Raphael Sanzio (1483-1520)
Raphael's paintings were known for their 7. __________ (perfect). different perfection (to) seepreviously He was first taught art by his father. He also learned early techniques from Michelangelo and da Vinci. Raphael's influence 8. ________ art has been great. He changed the way 9. ________ people looked at art, since he painted real life and emotions. He was one of the most detailed portraitists ever, and 10. ____________ (consider) as the genius of the High Renaissance.is consideredonthat课件77张PPT。Module 3
Foreign Food知识归纳1. ___________ v. 应给予
2. ___________ v. 使着迷
3. ___________ adv. 贪婪地
4. ___________ adj. 臭名昭著的, 声名狼藉的
5. ___________ adj. 固定的
6. ___________ v. 谈到, 说起知识清单(一) 单词oweobsessgreedilyinfamousfixedremark7. ___________ adv. 随意地
8. ___________ n. 赞美
9. ___________ n. 趋势, 趋向
10. __________ n. 人造的; 人工的
11. __________ adj. (水果或庄稼)成熟的
12. __________ adj. 充足的; 充裕的
13. __________ v. 转化, 转变casuallycomplimenttrendartificialripeampletransform14. ___________ n. 味道
___________ adj. 美味的, 可口的
___________ adj. 无味的
15. ___________ n. 方式; 方法
___________ n. 行为; 礼貌
16. ___________ n. 要求
___________ v. 要求
17. ____________ v. 招待, 款待; 请客
_____________ n. 招待; 款待tastetastytastelessmannermannersrequirementrequireentertainentertainment18. ____________ v. (正式)吃; 喝
____________ n. 消费者
19. ____________ n. 后果
____________ adj.
因……的结果而引起的; 理所当然的
20. ____________ adj. 丰富的; 充裕的
____________ n. 丰富; 充裕
consumeconsumerconsequenceconsequentabundantabundance21. ____________ n. 面包店
22. ____________ n. 豆腐
23. ____________ n. 自助餐
24. ___________ v. 咀嚼
25. ___________ n. 茄子
26. ___________ n. 栅栏, 围栏; 篱笆
27. ___________ adj. 逐渐的; 逐步的
28. ___________ v. 烧烤; 烤制bakerybean curdbuffetcheweggplantfencegradualgrill1. 放火烧 ……
2. 与……共同点
3. 结束
4. 难怪
5. 对……着迷
6. 习惯于(二) 短语set fire tohave ... in commonend upno wonderbe obsessed withget used to7. 对……惊讶
8. 根据, 按照
9. 看出, 理解
10. 从 ……中救出, 使免受be amazed ataccording tomake outsave ... from1. owe v. 欠(账、钱、人情等); 归功于……
(课文原句) Everything you see I owe to
spaghetti. (P29)
翻译：你所看到的一切,我都归功于意大
利面。? 核心要点【归纳】
owe sb. sth./owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物
owe...to... 把……归功于……
owe it to sb. that... 多亏某人……
【拓展】
owing adj. 欠着的; 未付的
owing to = because of 因为, 由于Dario’s?mother?smiled?at?Mrs.?Gilbert.?“I?
think?maybe?we ___ you?an?apology.”?she?
said.? (2015北京卷完形填空)
?A.?give? B.?send? C.?offer? D.?owe?
考查动词辨析。A.?give 给；B.?send 发送；C.?offer 提供；D.?owe 感激，欠……债。这
个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe?sb.?an?
apology?应该向某人道歉。故选D。D2. taste n. 味道; 味觉; 口味; 爱好; 趣味
v. 品尝
link-v. 尝起来……
(课文原句) Everyone else just tasted a bit of each dish and then put their chopsticks down, continuing to chat. (P30)
翻译：但是其他的人都只是对每个菜简单尝了几口，然后放下筷子继续谈话。【归纳】
have a taste of 尝一尝, 领略
have taste in 对……有鉴赏力
to one’s taste 投合某人的爱好
【拓展】
表示感官的系动词还有smell(闻起来), feel(摸起来), look(看起来), sound(听起来)等。后面常跟形容词作表语, 表示主语的性质; 也可以跟like＋n., 表示“像……”的意思。3. manner n. 方式, 方法;
(常用复数)风俗; 习惯; 礼貌; 规矩
(课文原句) I was a amazed at their easy and graceful manner while I stood there feeling somewhat confused by the food. (P31)
翻译：我惊讶于他们闲适优雅的举止，面我却站在那儿对他们的食物感到有些茫然。 【归纳】
in a/the ... manner 以……的方式
in the manner of 以……的风格
manner of (doing) sth. ……的方式
in a manner = in a way/in some degree
在某种意义上4. remark n. 评论; 意见
v. 谈到; 说起; 评论
(课文原句) As soon as the Polynesian guest tasted the asparagus he remarked how delicious it was. (P35)
翻译：那个波利尼西亚客人一尝到芦笋就评论说它是如何的可口。 【归纳】
remark on sb./sth. 评论, 谈论
remark on/upon
对……发表看法, 评论
make a remark 评论【即学即练】把下列句子翻译成汉语。
My mother remarked how tired I looked.
____________________________________
2. The similarities between the two have often been remarked on.
____________________________________
3. Jim made a number of rude remarks about the food here.
____________________________________人们经常谈到这两者的相似之处。我母亲说我看上去显得特别累。关于这里的食物吉姆做了许多无礼的评论。5. consequence n. 后果, 结果;
影响(需用复数形式); 重要性
(课文原句) The consequence was that
many people were overweight. (P39)
翻译：结果是许多人超重。【归纳】
as a consequence = in consequence
因此, 结果
as a consequence of = in consequence of
由于…… 的原因
of no/little consequence to sb.
对……无关紧要
suffer/face/take the consequences
自食其果; 面对/承担自己行动的后果【拓展】
consequent adj. 随之发生的; 作为结果的
consequently adv. 因此; 所以6. transform v. 改变, 改造; 使改观; 使转化
(课文原句) The two of them were killed
in the fire, but their souls were
transformed into sunbirds, which you
can see singing at the top of the picture.
(P41)
翻译：他们两个人葬身火海，但是他们
的灵魂变成了太阳鸟，就是图片上方唱
歌的那个鸟。【归纳】
transform ... into ... 把……改变成……
transform sb./sth. from ... 从……中转变
【拓展】
transformation n. 转化, 改变
transformation from sth. to sth.
从……到……的转变
transformer n. 变压器[即学即练]
用transform的适当形式填空。
1. Well, you’ve certainly ____________ this place — it looks great!
2. In the last 20 years, Korea has been ___________ into a major industrial nation.
3. It’s said that the shape of such a toy is ______________.
4. His attitude to life has gone through a ______________.transformationtransformedtransformedtransformable1. no wonder 难怪
(课文原句) No wonder my fellow guests had had only a few bites of each dish; they knew what was still to come. (P30)
翻译：怪不得跟我一起的客人每道菜也就浅尝几口；他们知道还有什么菜要上呢。（二）短语【归纳】
It’s no wonder (that).../No wonder (that)... 难怪……
It’s a wonder (that)… 奇怪的是……
It’s little/small wonder that... 对……不足为奇
do wonders 创造奇迹
wonder at/about (doing) sth.
对……好奇; 想知道……
wonder＋if/whether＋clause 不知道能否……2. make out 看出, 听出, 理解; 开出, 填写;
辨认出; 声称, 断言
(课文原句) It was quite hard to make out what they contained.
翻译：很难弄清楚它们究竟是什么做的。 【拓展】
make...out of... 把……改成, 用……做成
make up for 弥补, 补偿
make fun of 取笑
make a difference 有关系, 有影响
make it 做成; 成功【即学即练】根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. 你能看清山谷另一端的物体是什么吗？
______ ______ ______ ______ what the
object is on the other side of the valley?
2. 到今天为止，我也没弄明白为什么我会那样
做。
To the present day, ____ _____ _____ _____
why I did so.
3. 英国的气候并不像有些人说的那么糟。
The English climate _____ _____ _____ ____
some people ______ ______.isn’t so bad as Can you make out I can’t make outmake out3. have ... in common 与……有共同点
(课文原句) Do their ideas have anything in common?
翻译：他们的观点有什么共同点？ 【拓展】
have nothing in common with
与……无共同之处
in common 共同的; 共有的
in common with 和……相同(多作状语)
out of (the) common 不寻常的; 特殊的
common sense 常识I. 根据本模块所学单词及提示写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. When I asked him to pay me what he ______ (欠债), he got angry with me.
2. I don’t object to what she says, but I strongly disapprove of her ________ (方式) of saying it.manner? owed ?3. Experience in a related field is a(n) ____________ (要求) for this job.
4. She used to be terribly shy, but a year abroad has completely t____________ her.
5. Those bananas aren’t r____ yet — they’re still green.riperequirement?transformedII. 根据括号内的提示翻译下列句子。
我不明白他在说什么。(make out)
I couldn’t make out what he was saying．
2. 这两种文化具有很多相同之处。(have ...
in common)
The two cultures have a lot in common.
3. 你所做的事与你父母的愿望相反。(go
against)
What you have done goes against your
parents’ wishes．1. The first time I saw a three-year-old kid
cheerfully chewing a chicken’s head I had bad dreams for weeks.
我第一次看到一个3岁的小孩欢快地嚼着一个鸡头后, 连续几周都做噩梦。
the first time为名词词组, 经此处相当于连词, 引导时间状语从句, 可译为“第一次……”。句式有类似用法的还有: the day/moment/
minute, instantly/immediately等。如:
The first time he was there, he received a warm welcome by the villagers.
他第一次到达那儿的时候就受到了村民们的热情欢迎。
He said he would inform me the moment he arrived in Beijing.
他说他一到北京就通知我。for the first time/the first timefor the first time 表示有生以来第一次做某事, 在句子中作状语。
the first time 相当于一个连词, 常引导一个时状语从句, 其重点是叙述某一动作或情况, 不是强调第一次做了什么事。另外, 它还可以做表语, 后接定语从句, 定语从句常用完成时态。2. It seemed to be just a bowl of grey liquid and it was only after I had tasted it that I knew it was actually cooked with mushrooms.
看上去那只是一碗灰色的汤, 我尝了一下后才知道那实际上是用蘑菇做的。
句中it was … that …是强调句结构, 被强调部分是时间状语only after…。 It 引导的强调句结构为: It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其他部分。如:
It was only after my friend came that the computer was repaired.
It was only after careful consideration that he put forward his views.It was when we were returning home ______ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. (2015·湖南)
A. which B. that C. where D. how
此句是 It was...开头且去掉 It was后, when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.是一个完整意义上的句子，故判断此句是一个强调句，强调when we were returning home；强调句常用句型：It is (was)+被强调部分+that (who)...。句意：正是在我们回家的路上我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时感觉是多么令人愉悦。故选B。BBach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century ______ his musical gift was fully recognized. (2015·重庆)
A. while B. though C. that D. after
句意：马赫死于1750年，但直到19世纪他的音乐天赋才被人们完全地认可。强调句与not until 连用。It be not until that …故选C。C语法定语从句高考考点点拨 非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，先行词
指物时可用which和whose引导，指人时可
用who, whom, whose引导。另外，非限制
性定语从句还可用as引导。
考点一：关系代词引导的定语从句
说明：以下所选高考真题形式有所改动。 考例：
用适当的关系代词完成下面句子。
1. The books on the desk, ________ covers are shiny, are prizes for us.???? (四川2015)
设空处引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词books，且设空处在从句中作covers的定语，故填whose。 whose2.?China Today?attracts a worldwide readership, ________ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.? ?(福建2015)
设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填which。 which3. Please send us all the information ________ you have about the candidate for the position. ?(陕西2014)
设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行
词information（指物），且在从句中作
have的宾语，又因先行词information被
all修饰，故填that。that4. Among the many dangers _____________ sailors have to face, probably the greatest of all is fog. ??(江西2014)
设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词dangers（指物），且在从句中作face的宾语，故填that / which。that / which考点二：关系副词引导的定语从句
【考例】
用适当的关系副词完成下面句子。
1. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere ________ his employees enjoy their work.????????? (天津2015)
设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词atmosphere，且在从句中作状语，表示抽象的地点，故填where。where2. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ________ the weather may be better.???? ? (天津2016)
A. that B. where C. which D. whenD【考点解读】引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有when, where, why等，在从句中作时间、地点、原因等状语。分析句子结构可知定语从句中缺少时间状语。考点三：“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
【考例】
用适当的“介词+关系代词”完成下面句子。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill ______________ school education depends. ?(安徽2015)
设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词skill，且在从句中作状语，故填on / upon which。on / upon which【考点解读】
介词放在关系代词之前时, 关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人), 介词的选择要视先行词、句意及与动词的搭配而定。I live next door to a couple _______ children often make a lot of noise.
(2016北京)
A. whose B. why C. where D. which
句意：我住在一对夫妇的隔壁，他们的孩子（whose children）经常吵吵闹闹。whose引导定语从句，且在从句中做children的定语。高考链接A2. Scientist have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of ______ has been proved. (2016浙江)
A. whom B. which C. what D. that
句意：人类为什么能哭出眼泪，关于这一点科学家们提出了很多理论，但没有一个而得到证实。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是“代词+ of + which / whom”引导的非限制性定语从句。先行词是many theories，指物，故关系代词只能用which。B3. Many young people, most _____ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. (2016·江苏)
A. which B. that C. when D. where
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：许多年轻人都前往偏远地区追逐梦想，他们中大多数（most of them）受过良好的教育。分析句子结构可知，主句（Many young people headed for…）结构完整。此处考查“代词+ of + whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰many young people。C4. China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. (2015·福建)
A. who B. whom C. that D. which
考查非限制性定语从句。根据句式结构来看出现了逗号，说明这是一个非限性定语从句。句意：中国日报吸引着全球的读者，这说明全球越来越多的人想要了解中国。D首先that不能引导非限制性定语从句，who在引导非限制性定语从句的时候通常在从句中做主语和宾语，指人，而whom也指人，却只能作宾语；which引导非限制性定语从句通常在从句中做主语或者宾语。关系词代指前面整个句子所说的内容，在定语从句中做主语。故选D。5. It is a truly delightful place, ______ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. (2015·湖南)
A. as B. where C. that D. which
根据分析，此句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中是作主语的，所以用关系代词引导。as引导非限定性定语从句时要放在句首，故排除，选用which。句意：这真是一个令人愉快的地方，这里的蜿蜒的小路和美丽的小村庄一定和100年前看起来是一模一样的。D6. The number of smokers, ______ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. (2015·江苏)
A. it B. which C. what D. as
句意：据报道，吸烟者人数仅在(过去)一年里就减少了 17%。as引导的非限性定语从句，其位置十分灵活，可以置于主句的句首、句中或句末，指代的是整个一句子。故选D。D考生容易误选B项which，把 逗号前面的the number of smokers看成先行词，后面非限制性定语从句用which引导。殊不知，这里关系代词指代的是“The number of smokers has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.”整个一句话。另外，as 和which 在定语从句都可以指代一句话，但前者有“正如……”的意思，后者则没有。坯可以抓住as is reported这一常用结构，类似的还有 as is known expected planned mentioned said 等。写作【写作任务】
???请你根据所给提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍你第一次吃西餐的经历。如何用英语写一次饮食方面的经历注意: 1. 词数120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【写作指导】
审题定调:
?本写作要求描写第一次吃西餐的经历，属于记叙文。人称以第一人称为主，时态以一般过去时为主。
布局谋篇:
全文可分为三部分：
第一部分：开门见山，点明主题；
第二部分：具体叙述第一次吃西餐的情况；
第三部分：自己的感受。常用表达:
Western food
a knife and fork
I will never forget my experience of ...
It was the first time that I ..., so ...
What made me more embarrassed was that ...
You can’t imagine ...
That experience made me realize that ...【参考范文】
I will never forget my experience of trying Western food for the first time two years ago.
My foreign language teacher invited me to his home for dinner. It was the first time that I had tried Western food, so I didn’t know how to use a knife and fork. I held the knife with my left hand and even picked up the food with it. Seeing this, my teacher taught me the correct way to use a knife and fork. What made me more embarrassed was that I wiped off some sweat with a napkin which should only be used to wipe mouths in western countries. You can’t imagine how embarrassed I was then.
That experience made me realize that knowing the difference between different cultures is important.巩固练习根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或
汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空
一词）。
Those bananas aren't r________ yet —
they're still green.
2. Potatoes can provide one-third of our daily
r___________ of vitamin C.
3. The product contains no ________ (人造的)
colors. riperequirementartificial4. We've had several letters from satisfied
__________ (顾客).
5. The air was ________ (芳香的) with scents
from the sea and the hills.
6. When I asked him to pay me what he
o________, he got angry with me.
7. I don't object to what she says, but I
strongly disapprove of her m________ of
saying it.
8. She used to be terribly shy, but a year
abroad has completely t___________ her.customers transformed fragrantowedmannerII. 用适当的关系词填空。
That's the man ________ house has burned
down.
2. She remembered the day ________ Paula
had first walked into her office.
3. Whenever I met her, she greeted me with a
sweet smile, ________ was fairly often. which whose when 4. I refuse to accept the blame for something
________ was someone else's fault.
5. You'll find a taxi waiting at the bus station
______________ you can hire to reach your
host family.
6. She brought with her three friends, none of
________ I had ever met before.thatwhich / that?whom?III. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子
（每空一词）。
I ______ ______ _______ ______ ________
(共同点很少) with my sister.
2. ________ ________ (难怪) you've got a
headache. You drank too much last night.
3. Can you ______________ ________ (理解)
what she's trying to say?make / figure out have very little in common No wonder4. The man who _______ _______ ______
(放火烧) the supermarket last
week has been caught.
5. It is reported that the project has
eventually ______ ______ ______ _________
(以失败结束). ended up in failure set fire to阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1
个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
When we talk about rice, we tend to think of Asia, 1. ________ this plant originated, but with a harvest of over a million tons a year, Italy grows 50% of Europe's rice. So it's 2. ________ (nature) that this carbo-rich food inspires the locals' imagination, with dishes that can 3. ________ (easy) be made in advance. wherenatural easily Tomatoes stuffed with rice is a classic of Italian summers and 4. ________ (serve) in various regions. Tomatoes stuffed with rice are a favorite with children because of their funny 5. __________ (appear). The top of the tomato is placed over the stuffing, like a hat on a head that's too big! They are easy 6. ________ (make), but take a little time. So it is best to prepare them in advance, which also 7. ________ (allow) their flavors (味道) to mix. is served allows appearanceto makeYou need rather large round tomatoes that are ripe but not very watery. Slice off the top — the hat — and scoop out the inside. Chop the inside and season (用……调味) with salt, pepper, oil and herbs as desired. Add the raw rice 8. ________ the chopped tomatoes and set 9. ________ for a few hours. Fill the tomatoes with the rice mixture, put the “hat” on top and place them in a(n) 10. ________ (bake) dish. Add a little olive oil and bake at 390 °F for about an hour. bakingtoaside课件95张PPT。Module 4
Which English？知识归纳知识清单(一)基本单词1. _____________ adv．立即, 马上
2. ____________ adj．能辨认的, 能认出的
3. _____________ n. 方言, 地方话
4. _____________ v．重要, 要紧; 有关系
5. _____________ v．很重要; 很有价值
6. _____________ n. 痕迹, 踪迹instantlyrecognisabledialectmattercounttrace7. ___________ adj．独一无二的; 独特的
8. _____________ n．作家, 作者
9. _____________ n. 祖先, 前辈
10. ____________ n. 联系
11. ____________ n．革命
12. _____________ v．调查
13. ____________ n. 特点, 特色; 情调
14. ____________ adv. 此外, 而且uniqueauthorancestorrevolutioninvestigateflavourlinkfurthermore15. ____________ adj. 极好的; 优秀的
16. _______________ adj．简单的, 易懂的
17. ____________ n. 联系
18. ____________ adj．歧义的; 含糊的
19. ____________ n．进退两难的境地;
困难的抉择
20. ____________ adj. 清楚明白的;
易于理解的
21. ____________ adj. 有关的; 切题的straightforwardassociationambiguousdilemmaexplicitrelevantsplendid22. ____________ adj. 荒谬的, 荒唐的
23. ____________ v．传达, 传递
24. ____________ n. 概念; 观念
25. ____________ adv．因此; 因而
26. ____________ v．弄明白; 澄清
27. ____________ n. 趋向; 倾向
28. ____________ adj. 杂乱无章的
29. ____________ adj. 不明确的; 含糊的conveyconceptthusclarifytendencydisorganisedvagueabsurd30. ____________ adj. 笨拙的
31. ____________ v．挑选, 选择
32. ____________ v. 收回; 撤销
33. ____________ v．拒绝接受
34. ____________ adj．潜在的; 可能的
35. ____________ v. 辱骂; 恶语
36. ____________ n. 得罪; 使伤感情
37. ____________ v. 对……不忠selectwithdrawrejectpotentialabuseoffencebetrayclumsy38. ____________ v. 征服; 战胜
39. ____________ v．反对
40. ____________ n. 偏见; 歧视
41. ____________ n．抵触; 冲突
42. ____________ adj．更好的; 更强的
43. ____________ n. 地位
44. ____________ v. 将……分类
45. ____________ n. 好奇心
46. ___________ n. 着迷, 迷恋; 吸引力
47. ___________ adv．起初opposeprejudiceconflictsuperiorstatusclassifycuriosityovercomeinitiallyfascination48. _____________ n．讨论; 辩论
→___________ v．讨论, 争论
49. _____________ v．抱怨; 不满
→__________ n．抱怨, 申诉, 控告
50. ___________ v．得到, 获得
→ ______________ (同义词)得到, 获得(二) 派生单词debatedebatecomplaincomplaint acquireobtain/get/gain51. __________ adj. 确信的, 信服的
→___________ adj. 令人信服的
→___________ vt. 使确信; 说服
52. ______________ n．意义; 含义
→___________ adj. 重大的, 重要的convincedconvincingconvincesignificancesignificant53. ____________ v．拒绝接受
→__________ n．排斥, 拒绝, 否定
→ _____________(同义词)拒绝, 否定
54. __________ v．反抗; 抵抗
→_____________ n．反抗, 抵抗力
55. __________ n．赞许; 赞成
→_________ vi.批准, 赞成rejectrejectionrefuse/declineresistresistanceapprovalapprove1. _______________ 区分开
2. _______________ 开始做
3. _________________ 对做某事感到好奇
4. ________________ 趋向于, 倾向
5. ________________与……冲突
6. ________________与……合作
7. ________________ 算出, 理解, 弄明白
8. ________________ 使某人失望(三) 短语tell...apartget down to sth.be curious to do sth.tend toconflict within association withfigure outlet sb. down9. ________________ 大量的
10.________________ 只要
11. _______________ 在于
12. _______________ 总之a huge number ofas long aslie inin conclusion1. matter v. 重要, 有关系, 要紧
n. 事情, 问题, 物质, 材料
(课文原句) You could say that there are as many varieties of English, or any other language for that matter, as there are speakers of it. (P44)
翻译：可以说，英语，或者任何别的语言，有多少使用者，就有多少种变体。核心要点(一) 单 词 What’s the matter? 怎么了？
【拓展】与matter相关的短语：
(as) a matter of course
（作为）理所当然的事
as a matter of fact 实际上, 不瞒你说
for that matter 就此而言in the matter of
在……方面
a matter of life and death
生死攸关的事, 成败的关键
no matter who / what / where ...
不论谁 / 什么 / 在哪里……2. debate n. 讨论, 争论, 辩论
(课文原句)：Today there is a debate in Singapore about which variety of English is the best: Singlish, or a variety closer to British English, which is the aim of the Speak Good English Movement created in 1999. (P45)
翻译：至今在新加坡还有一种善于哪种英语最好的争论：是新加坡式英语还是一种更接近于英国英语的种类。这也是1999年开始开展的“讲好英语活动”的目的。【归纳】
hold a debate 举行辩论会
beyond debate 无可争辩
under debate 在辩论中debate vi. & vt. 辩论, 讨论, 争论
【归纳】
debate about/on/over sth.with sb.
与某人争论……
debate sth. with sb.
与某人讨论某事
debate whether/what/how etc. to do sth.
讨论……(1) debate辩论的目的在于说服对方。
(2) argue指条理清晰地陈述赞成或反对的理由。
(3) discuss从不同的观点出发与某人讨论某事。debate, argue与discuss3. complain vi. 抱怨; 不满; 发牢骚
(课文原句)：What does the man complain about? (P48)
翻译：这个男人在抱怨什么？【归纳】
complain (to sb.) about/of...
(向某人)抱怨……
complain (to sb.) that-clause
(向某人)抱怨……
complain to sb.
向某人申诉; 诉说……病痛【拓展】
complaint n．抱怨; 申诉; 投诉
make a complaint about/of/against
抱怨; 投诉
a letter of complaint 一封投诉信
can’t complain
[口]还算好(总体上还是满意的, 虽然有些
不如意)4. convinced adj. 确信的, 深信的
(课文原句)：Experts are convinced that this will happen in the future as more and more people learn English and call it their own. (P51)
翻译：专家们确信越来越多的人学习英语并能运用自如，这一切在不久的将来都会发生。 【归纳】
be convinced of .../ that-clause
相信……
【拓展】
convince vt. 使确信, 使信服
convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信…
convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人干某事5. convey vt. 传达; 运送
(课文原句)：Idioms are picturesque or absurd expressions conveying a concept which is different from the literal meaning and have been common in English for many years. (P53)
翻译：习语是一种独特地或荒谬地表达一个概念，这不同于它的字面意义，并且很多年以来在英语里是很普遍的。 【归纳】
convey sth. to sb.
向某人表达/传递某物
convey sb./sth. from A to B
把某人或某物从A地运送到B地
convey one’s feelings/meanings/message
表达某人的感情/意思/信息convey常指通过媒介传递、输送, 也常用来表示交流、传达(信息、情感)等。
transport主要限于人或有形物体, 往往是长距离的运输, 常指交通运输。
transmit指发送或传播某物, 特别是信号的传送、疾病的传播。convey, transport与transmit6. clarify vt. 澄清, 讲清楚, 阐明;
(加热)净化
(课文原句) But some idioms are very new and you’ll need to clarify what they mean. (P53)
翻译：但是有一些习语是很新潮的,你需要弄清它们的含义。 【归纳】
clarify matters 澄清真相
clarify one’s remarks 把话说清楚
clarify one’s stand/position
阐明某人的立场
【拓展】
clarification n. 澄清
clarity n. 清澈, 透明[即学即练]
根据汉语提示，完成下列句子。
1. 请向您母亲转达我的祝愿。
Please __________________________________.
2. 言辞无法表达我内心的喜悦。
Words cannot _________________________.
3. 用公共汽车把旅客从酒店送往火车站。
Passengers __________________________
_________________________. are conveyed by bus from the hotel to the railway station convey my good wishes to your motherconvey how delighted I was7. significance n. 意义; 意味深长; 含义;
重要性; 显著性
(课文原句) Other common expressions have metaphorical significance.
翻译：其他的常用的表达都有隐喻的意义。 【归纳】
of no/little significance 无关紧要的
historical significance 历史意义
of significance＝significant
有意义的; 重要的
【拓展】
significant adj. 有意义的
signify vt. 表示; 表明; 意味着8. overcome vt. & vi. 战胜; 克服; 解决
overcome的过去式和过去分词分别为：
overcame, overcome。
(课文原句) We shall overcome dates from the American Civil War, and is used almost like a prayer by the Civil Rights movement in the USA, meaning we will oppose prejudice against black people and resist conflict between Americans. (P53)
翻译：”We shall overcome” 起源于美国内战，而且几乎像祈祷文一样在美国的民权运动中使用，意思是我们将反对对黑人的偏见及抵制美国人民之间的矛盾冲突。 【归纳】
overcome sth./sb. 打败某人/某物;
克服……
be overcome by... 被……制服;
……使无能为力overcome 指“战胜”、“压倒”、“克服”, 尤指“感情”而言。
defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”。
conquer 指“征服”、“战胜”, “占领”, 特别指“获得对人、物或感情的控制”。overcome, defeat与conquer【拓展】
overcome difficulties 克服困难
overcome a bad habit 克服恶习
defeat the enemy
打败敌人(也可以说 overcome the enemy)
conquer nature/the world
征服自然/世界oppose vt. 反抗, 反对
【归纳】
oppose (doing) sth. 反对干某事
be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对干某事
【拓展】
opposition n. 反对, 对立
meet with opposition 遭到反对
in opposition to sb. on sth.
在某事上与某人意见相反注意：
be opposed to中的to是介词, 不是不定式符号, 后加名词/代词或v.-ing形式, 不加to do, 其同义词组是be against和object to。【即学即练】
根据汉语意思补全下列句子（每空一词）。
1. 他反对修建新礼堂的计划。
He ________ ________ ________ to build a
new hall.
2. 我当然反对改变这个体系。
I would certainly ________ ________ the
system.
3. 她好像很反对你出国。
She seems very much ________ ________
your going abroad.opposed toopposed the planoppose changing 9. classify vt. 分类
(课文原句) We can classify these expressions into four types.
翻译：我们可以将这些表达方式分为四类。 【归纳】
classify...into... 把……分类
【拓展】
classification n. 分类; 等级; 类别
classified adj. 分类的; 机密的
classifiable adj. 可分类的; 可分等级的10. approval n．批准; 认可; 赞成; 同意
(课文原句) It’s often used humorously as approval to someone offering payment. (P53)
翻译：?它常常被幽默地用来表示对别人主动付款的赞许。 【归纳】
general approval 一致同意
with approval of 经……的批准
in approval 同意地, 支持地
give (one’s) approval 给予批准
meet with one’s approval 得到某人的赞
许, 得到某人的认可
【拓展】
approve v．批准, 赞成
approve of sb./sth. 赞成某人/事
[即学即练]
用括号内所给的汉语提示完成下列句子。
I find it hard ________________________ (赞成你的观点).
2. Never will I _______________________ (赞成你抽烟).
3. I can’t agree to anything _______________ _________________ (没有合伙人的认可). without my
partner’s approvalto approve of your opinion approve of your smoking 1. tell...apart 把……区分开
(课文原句)：It is also quite easy to tell British and American English apart. (P44)
翻译：要将英国英语和美国英语分辨开来也很容易。(二) 短语【拓展】
tell A and B apart＝tell A from B＝
tell the difference(s) between A and B
把A与B区分开
tell＋that.../wh- 辨别, 识别【联想】
tell sb. about/of sth. 告诉某人有关某事
tell a lie/lies 撒谎
to tell the truth 说实话2. get down to (doing) sth. 开始, 着手
(课文原句) Thus, to talk turkey means to get down to business.
翻译：因此，to talk turkey就意味着开始认真工作。【拓展】
set about doing sth. 着手做某事
go about doing sth.着手做某事
set out to do sth. 着手做某事
get down to doing sth. 着手做某事
get down (从高处)下来; 取下, 放下;
使(人)气馁get in one’s way
挡住某人的路; 妨碍某人
get into trouble 陷入困境
get together 相聚; 聚集
get-together n. 聚会; 联欢会
get on/along with sb. 与某人相处3. let sb. / sth. down 使某人失望, 辜负;
(使)略逊一筹, 美中不足
(课文原句) With friends like these, who needs enemies? Means a friend has a betrayed your trust or let you down. (P53)
翻译：意思是“朋友辜负了你的信任或者让你失望”。 【拓展】
let alone 更不必说
let off 宽恕; 开(枪), 放(炮、烟火等);
让……下车
let out 放走, 释放; 泄露, 放出;
放宽, 放大(衣服)
let go 放开, 松手let sb./sth. in/into 让……进来,
放……进来
注意：
let...alone＝let...be/leave...alone不干涉; 对……置之不理;
而let alone是“……更不必说”, 需作插入语。 1. Not all idioms have been common for many years.
并非所有的习语很多年都常见。
not all...意为“并非所有的……都”, 是部分否定。not的位置比较灵活, 可置于句首, 也可放在句中。(三) 句式e.g. Not all the people present agreed with you.
＝All the people present didn’t agree with you.
【拓展】
1) 与not连用构成部分否定的词有：
all, everyone, everywhere, both,
everybody, always, every, everything,
altogether(全体), entirely(全部地),
wholly(全部地)2) 表示全部否定的词有：none, nobody, no one, neither, never, nothing, nowhere等。2. The quality of someone’s voice and their choice of words make a person instantly recognizable, even though you can't see him or her.
一个人的音质及措词都能让这个人立即被辨认出来, 即使你看不见是谁。
even if/though表“即使”, 引导让步状语从句。从句中可用陈述语气或虚拟语气。使用陈述语气时, 可用一般现在时代替将来时。3. In this sense everybody’s use of language—whether English, Chinese, or any other—is different.
从这种意义上来说, 每个人对语言的使用——不管是英语、汉语或者任何其他语言——都是不一样的。
whether English, Chinese, or any other 在句中作插入语, 用来对所要表达的内容进行解释或补充。插入语可用破折号分开, 也可用逗号隔开。语法用作状语的从句叫状语从句，按其用途可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、方式状语从句、比较状语从句等九种。在含状语从句的复合句中，主、从句通常应根据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态，但有一点需要注意：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句、或由“疑问词-ever”、“no matter +疑问词”等引导的让步状语从句中，可以用一般现在时表将来。下面就状语从句考点进行归纳总结。一、时间状语从句
◆时间状语从句通常由连词when, as, while, before, after, since, till / until, as soon as等引导。
◆引导时间状语从句的还有其它连词，如the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, whenever, the first time, every time, by the time, next time, hardly ... when ..., no sooner ... than ...?等。二、地点状语从句
◆引导地点状语从句的连词有where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere等。
◆where在地点状语从句中，除了指地点外，还可指处境等。
【补充】由where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示（抽象）地点或处所的名词作先行词，而状语从句前没有先行词。三、原因状语从句
◆引导原因状语从句的常用连词有because, since, as, now (that)等。它们的用法区别是：because语气最强，述说直接原因，说明因果关系，常回答以why开头的问句；now (that), since和as引导的从句用法相似，表示双方都知道的原因。
◆in that, seeing that也可引导原因状语从句。四、让步状语从句
◆让步状语从句主要由though, although, while, as, even if / though, whether ... or ..., no matter +疑问词，疑问词-ever等引导。
◆although / though引导让步状语从句时，不可与but连用，但可与yet, still等连用。如：
Although he’s got a good job now, (yet) he still complains.◆“疑问词-ever”和“no matter +疑问词”引导让步状语从句时可互换。但“no matter +疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而“疑问词-ever”还可引导名词性从句。
◆as引导的让步状语从句通常要倒装，从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于as之前；though引导的让步状语从句可倒装也可不倒装；although引导的让步状语从句不能倒装。五、目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的常用连词有so that, in order that, for fear that, in case?（以防万一）。六、结果状语从句
◆结果状语从句一般由so that, so ... that, such ... that, with the result that等引导，放在主句之后。
◆so ... that和such ... that表示“如此……以致于”，so后面接形容词或副词，?such后面接名词。但名词前有many, much, few, little这些词修饰时，要用so。“such + a(n) + adj. +单数名词+ that”可转换成“so + adj. + a(n) +单数名词+ that”。◆so that既可引导结果状语从句，也可引导目的状语从句。八、方式状语从句
◆引导方式状语从句的常用连词有as, as if / though。as if / though引导的状语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。如果从句所表达的内容被看作是事实或者有可能是事实，就要用陈述语气。九、比较状语从句
◆引导比较状语从句的常用连词有than，as ... as ...（和……一样……），否定副词+ so / as ... as ...（不像……一样……），the +形容词或副词的比较级+ ...，the +形容词或副词的比较级+ ...（越……越……）。◆as ... as ...?引导的比较状语从句用在同级比较中，若表否定用not so / as ... as ...。其中第一个so / as是副词，修饰主句的形容词或副词的原形，后一个as是连词，引导比较状语从句。______some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure. (2016·江苏)
A. Because B. If
C. Unless D. While
句意：尽管（while）有人被成功的需求所激励，但有人也被失败的恐惧所激发。 while意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境。because表原因；if表条件；unless表条件。高考链接D 2. _____ the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.
（2016天津）
A. Unless B. Until C. As D. While
句意：因为（as）人的平均寿命延长了，所以越来越多的老人需要照顾。as表示原因，符合语境。unless表条件；until表时间；while表时间、让步或对比。C 3. You won’t find paper cutting difficult ______ you keep practicing it. (2015·北京)
A. even if B. as long as
C .as if D. ever since
句意：只要你不断练习，你就不会觉得剪纸很难。A即使，虽然；B只要；C犹如，好像；D自从。结合句意，故选B。B4. We need to get to the root of the problem ______ we can solve it. (2015·天津)
A. while B. after
C. before D. as
句意：在我们解决问题前，我们需要找到问题的根源。A当……时候，而；B.在……之后；C在……之前；D正如。由句意可知选C。C 5. ______ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know. (2015·安徽)
A. Once B. Since C. Though D. Unless
句意：尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了许多，但是有许多我们仍然不能知晓的东西。A一旦；B既然，自从；C虽然；D除非。once和unless表示条件，since表示原因或时间；though表示让步或 转折。这里是转折含义，故选C。C 6. ______ he once felt like giving up, he now has the determination to push further and keep on going. (2015·安徽)
A. Where B. As C. In case D. Now that
句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在下定决心去争取进步继续前行。A.那里；B.尽管，当，因为，随着; C.以防；D.既然。where表示地点，引导地点状语从句；as引导让步状语从句常用倒装，即tried as he has; in case表目的；now that表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方，故选A。A 写作【写作任务】
最近有很多像“no zuo no die(不作死就不会死)”的网络流行语(network buzzwords)被录入美国在线词典(Urban Dictionary)，这引发了人们的争论。请你根据所给提示，用英语写一篇短文，并发表在某英文报上。如何写介绍不同观点的议论文注意：1. 词数120左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【写作指导】
审题定调
???本写作要求介绍人们对同一事件的不同看法，属于议论文。
布局谋篇
本写作可分为三部分：
第一部分：提出议题或指出现象；
第二部分：介绍各方的观点；
第三部分：表明自己的观点。常用表达
Recently more and more network buzzwords like ... have entered the Urban Dictionary.
Different people have different opinions about ...
Those who are for this think ...
On the one hand, ... On the other hand, ...
However, those who are against it think ...
As far as I’m concerned, ...【参考范文】
Recently more and more network buzzwords like “no zuo no die”, which are called Chinglish, have entered the Urban Dictionary. Different people have different opinions about it.
Those who are for this think these network buzzwords enrich English. On the one hand, they are vivid and easy to understand and thus they are easier to learn. On the other hand, the use of these words indicates that Chinese is becoming more and more important in the world. However, those who are against it think these words influence normal English studies and destroy the independence of languages.
As far as I’m concerned, these network buzzwords make human languages more colorful. But they shouldn’t be used in documents or test papers and any other formal situations.巩固练习根据下面各句句意以及所给单词的首字母或
汉语提示词，写出该单词的正确形式（每空
一词）。
___________ (应考者) are not allowed to use a
mobile phone in this exam.
2. The astronomer presented a new c________
for the beginning of the universe.
3. The new drug has become the subject of
heated ________ (讨论) within the medical
profession. debate Candidatesconcept4. The book is arguably a(n) _________ (潜在
的) best seller.
5. Please c________ my good wishes to your
mother.
6. Biologists ________ (将……分类) animals
and plants into different groups.classify potentialconveyII. 选用方框内合适的连词补全下面句子（每
项限用一次）。 because, as long as, although,
unless, when, so that Why don't you start out early ________ you
don't have to hurry?
2. —Why aren't you coming with us to the
concert?
—________ I have got a bad headache.
3. ________ I can't help admiring the man's courage, I do not approve of his methods.Although so thatBecause4. It was raining ________ we arrived at the
park yesterday.
5. A small car is big enough for a family of
three ________ you need more space for
baggage.
6. I'm not particular about how you do it
_________ it gets done.because, as long as, although,
unless, when, so that as long as when unless III. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。
It's time you ________ ________ ________
(开始) some reading or the other students will leave you behind.
2. He won't ________ ________ ________ (让你失望); he's very reliable.
3. Most new cars look so similar that it's impossible to ________ ________ ________ (区分开它们). tell them apart got down tolet you down4. As a matter of fact, their difficulty
________ ________ (在于) their great
poverty.
5. He didn't want to argue with them but he
couldn't ______ _______ _______ ______
(忍住提出) his own views.resist coming up with lies in 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ms. Jessica Stovall, 1. _______ teaches outside Chicago, learned new ways to support students with multiple identities during her trip 2. ________ New Zealand as part of the Fulbright Distinguished Awards in Teaching Program.
She examined strategies teachers in New Zealand use 3. ___________ (improve) the achievement of Māori and Pasifika students. to improve whotoShe has since created a(n) 4. ____________ (profession) development program to share these 5. ________ (method) with American teachers in order to address the achievement gap between white students and students of color. This ability to work within and across diverse groups 6. ________(be) also highly valued by the business sector, says Dr. Helen Soulé. “Even those who do not interact (互动) on 7. ________ regular basis with colleagues outside the U.S. must be able to effectivelyprofessional a is methodscommunicate and work together with people from different national, linguistic, and cultural backgrounds.” Participants support the view 8. ________ global education isn't about one subject or an individual class but needs to be 9. ________ (full) integrated (综合的) across all subjects, including math, science, and the arts. They gave examples of schools 10. ________ (create) an international garden and science classes collaborating online in order to share research results with students in other countries. creatingthatfully课件89张PPT。Module 5
The Conquest
of the Universe知识归纳1. _______ v. 目击, 亲眼看见; 亲身经历
2. _____ v. 爆炸
3. ____________ v. 承认; 认为
4. ________ adj. 任意的; 随机的
5. ______ n. 失败
6. _______ v. 指责
7. ________ n. 部分
8. _______ v. 预知; 预见知识清单（一）基本单词witnessburstacknowledgerandomdefeataccusedivisionforesee9. _______ n. 十年
10. __________ adv. 向后的; 倒退的
11. _____ n. 行为
12. _________ n. 权利; 权威
13. ______ v. 起誓保证
14. _______ n. 悲痛; 悲伤
15. ______ n. 安慰; 宽慰
16. _______ n. 命运; 天命
17. _____ n. 宗教信仰
18. _______ n. 影响; 作用decadebackwardsdeedauthorityswearsorrowreliefdestinyfaithimpact1. __________ adj. 习惯的
________ vt. 使……习惯
2. ______ v. 假定, 假设 __________ n. 假定
3. _______ n. 耐心 ______ adj. 耐心的(病人)
________adv. 耐心地
4. ________ adj. 高级的, 先进的
_______ vt., vi.&n. 前进; 取得进展; 增进
5. _______ v. 依靠; 取决于
__________ n. 依靠, 信赖
_________ adj. 依靠的; 依赖的 （二）派生单词accustomed accustom assumeassumptionpatiencepatientpatientlyadvancedadvancedependdependencedependent1. 一系列的
2. 不管
3. 在……一开始时
4. 突然大哭起来
5. 使某事开始
6. 祈望, 祈求
7. 与……相似的
8. 有危险
9. 指责某人某事（三）短语a series ofin spite ofat the very beginning ofburst into tearsset in motionpray forbe similar toat riskaccuse sb. of doing sth.1. witness vt. 当场见到; 目击
n. 目击者; 证人; 证据
(课文原句) But this was going to be a special flight and so millions of people tuned in to witness the take-off on TV. (P58)
翻译：但是这次却将是特殊的飞行，数百万人打开了电视来一睹这次起飞。核心要点（一）单词 【归纳】
witness for 为……作证
witness to (doing) sth.
作证证明(做)某事 (to为介词)
a witness to sth. 某事的证人
bear/give witness to sth.
为……作证, 证明
in witness of 作为……的证据2. assume vt. 假定(设); 承担; 呈现
(课文原句) The world was in shock – may be they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane. (P58)
翻译：全世界都震惊了—也许人们原本都认为乘坐这次太空飞机跟普通飞机一样没什么危险。 【归纳】
assume that 假定, 认为……
assume...to be...
认为……如何; 假定……如何
assume the duty 承担责任
assuming that 假定……(作状语)【拓展】
assumption n. 假设
on the assumption that 假定; 假设
make an assumption that 假定; 认为[即学即练]
根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. ________________________ (普遍认为) that stress is caused by too much work.
2. _______________________________ (假设明天下雨的话), what shall we do then?
3. The girl _________________________ (装出一副吃惊的样子).assumed a look of surpriseIt is generally assumedAssuming (that) it rains tomorrow3. burst v. (burst, burst) (使)爆裂; 突然发作
n. (强烈感情)突然爆发; 爆炸; 破裂
(课文原句) to burst with a lot of force and loud noise (P58)
翻译：爆炸伴随着大量的力量的巨大的声音 【归纳】
burst in 突然闯进来; 打断
burst into 突然闯入; 突然……起来
burst into tears/laughter
＝burst out crying/ laughing
突然哭/ 笑起来
burst out doing sth. 突然开始做某事 【即学即练】
根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。
1. They all ________________ (大笑起来) at the expression on her face.
2. She ____________________ (突然闯进门), which made me angry. burst through the doorburst out laughing4. acknowledge vt. 承认; 告知; 感谢
(课文原句) It is now acknowledged by the movie industry as the most successful film series ever. (P67)
翻译：现已被电影业公认为有史以来最成功的系列电影。【归纳】
n./pron./v.-ing
acknowledge that-clause
sb./sth. as/to be…
It is universally acknowledged that...
……是大家所公认的
acknowledge sb.
向某人打招呼; 对某人表示谢意【即学即练】翻译下列句子。
他们拒不承认被打败。
_____________________________
_____________________________
2. 哈利被公认为班里最聪明的男孩。
______________________________
______________________________They refused to acknowledge that they were defeated.Harry is acknowledged as / to be the cleverest boy in the class.5. accuse vt. 指责; 谴责; 控告
(课文原句) He accuses Darth Vader of killing his father, so he trains to become a Jedi knight and swears to avenge his loss. (P67)
翻译：他指控达斯·维达杀死了他的父亲，因此他接受训练成为一名绝地骑士，发誓为此复仇。 【归纳】
accuse sb. of sth.
因……指责/控告
be accused of (doing) sth.
因……受指责/控告accuse vt. 指控; 控诉 与介词of 连用
charge vt. 可指因为小错而受到责备, 也
可因违法而受到控告
与介词with连用
e.g. Are you accusing me of lying?
The police charged him with murder.辨析accuse与charge【即学即练】
用accuse或charge的适当形式填空。
1. The lady ________ the young man of stealing her cellphone.
2. The police ________ the man with stealing the money.charged accusedswear vi.&vt. 发誓, 起誓, 宣誓, 咒骂
【归纳】
swear sth. against sb.
宣誓承认(某一陈述)属实以反对某人
swear by 以……名义起誓; 深信
swear sb. to do sth. 使某人发誓做某事
swear to do sth./ that-clause 保证做某事6. relief n. 减轻; 免除; 救济; 宽慰, 安慰
(课文原句) Instead, to his great relief, he achieves glory by turning his father back to the Light Side, while the divisions of the Rebel Alliance fleet fights the battle for the airspace over the motherland, and wins the war. (P67)
翻译：卢克不仅避免了国王把他变成黑暗面而且逃脱了后者的掌控，令他释然的是，他成功地使父亲回归光明面，反叛联盟的舰队分部为祖国的领空奋战时，赢得了战争。 【归纳】
to one’s relief 使某人感到宽慰的是
emergency relief 紧急救济
give relief to one’s sorrow
减轻某人的悲伤
【拓展】
relieve vt. 减轻; 换班; 救济; 调剂
relieve one’s feelings 发泄感情
relieve sb. of sth.
替某人拿; 解除某人的职位 7. consult v. 咨询, 请教, 磋商, 会诊
(课文原句) Many true Taoist masters eventually become supreme beings, similar to Obi-Wan and Yoda who Luke, as their scholar, consults for their teaching and advice. (P67)
翻译：原力与气相似，是对于人类和环境
的阴阳平衡。很多道家大师最终成为了高
人，就像卢克咨询教义和建议的欧比旺和
尤达。 【归纳】
consult sb./sth. about sth.
(为获取资料等) 请教(别人), 查阅(书)等
consult with sb.
与某人商量(事情); 与某人磋商
【拓展】
consultant n. 顾问
consultation n. 咨询, 商讨, 协商If?you?have?any?doubts?about?your?health,?you’d?better______?your?doctor?at?once.???
(2015天津卷)
A.?convince??B.?consult???C.?avoid????D.?affect
考点：考查动词辨析。
试题分析：句意：如果你对你的健康有任何疑问，你最好立刻向你的医生咨询。
A.?convince?说服；B.?consult咨询；?
C.?avoid?避免；D.?affect影响。根据句意可知选B。?B1. become accustomed to 习惯于
(课文原句) Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel. (P58)
翻译：自从尼尔阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月21月首次踏上月球以来，人们对太空旅行这一概念已经非常熟悉。 （二）短语【拓展】
become/ get accustomed to (doing) sth.
习惯于(表动作)
be accustomed to (doing) sth.
＝be used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(表状态)
accustom vt. 使习惯于, 使适应
accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth.
使自己/某人习惯于; 养成……习惯2. in spite of 尽管, 虽然
(课文原句) In spite of all our advanced technology, the world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space. (P59)
翻译：即便我们掌握了现在全部先进技术，我们这个世界依然只是处于太空旅行的起步阶段。【拓展】
in spite of 后接 n./ pron./ v.-ing形式, 不接从
句, 同介词despite。
in spite of 若其后加从句, 需用the fact that
引导, “不管这个事实”。
in spite of oneself 不由自主地; 身不由己地3. set out 开始(做某事); 动身, 出发; 安排,
组织
(课文原句) Did Orson Welles deliberately set out to terrify the nation? (P69)
? 翻译：难道奥森·韦尔斯是蓄意吓唬国人吗? 【拓展】
set about 开始(做某事); 攻击, 抨击(某人)
set about sth./ doing sth. 着手做某事
set off 出发, 动身; 使爆炸
set up 建立
set aside 把……置于一旁; 留出
be set in 以……为背景
set back 向后移; 推迟, 耽搁; 拨慢; 花费 根据本模块所学单词及提示写出所缺单
词的正确形式。
1. We must _______ (假设) him to be innocent until he is proved guilty.
2. This is a fact even our enemies abroad have to a___________.acknowledge? assume?3. Parents need to be fully informed so they can make a(n) ________ (合理的) decision.
4. If symptoms persist, c______ a doctor without delay.
5. The anti-smoking campaign had made quite a(n) _______ (影响) on young people.impactrational ???consult?II. 翻译下列句子。
1. 台湾是中国的一部分是大家所公认的。
2. 我发誓我所说的都是真的。
3. 他被指控犯偷盗罪。It is universally acknowledged that Taiwan is part of China.I swore what I said was true.He was accused of theft.4. 尽管天气很热, 他们仍然在操场上跑步。
5. 现在我习惯这儿的学校生活了。
6. 弗兰克不知道如何熬过那些艰难的日子。
In spite of the hot weather they still run in the playground.I’m accustomed to the school life here now.Frank wondered how to make it through the hard days.7. 那次事故已使他们耽搁了几个星期。
8. 我们正要前往机场时来了一位客人。
9. 尽管他是个孩子, 他喜欢别人把他看作大人。The accident has set them back several weeks.A visitor arrived just as we were setting out for the airport.Boy as he is, he likes to be treated like an adult.1. By the time the Challenger took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achievement of people going up into space.
到1986年, “挑战者”号飞行的时候, 人们似乎对于人类进入太空一事已失去了最初的恐惧和好奇心了。（三）句式句型：sb./ sth. seem to have done
＝It seems/ seemed that sb./sth. ...
seem＋(to be)＋表语(adj.或n.或prep.)
seem＋to do
It seems＋that-clause
It seems like...
It seems as if...
There seems to be...
e.g. I seem to have seen him somewhere before.
It seems like years since I last saw you.
It seems as if it is going to rain.2. Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that those strange beings who landed in the New Jersey farmlands tonight are the vanguard of an invading army from the planet Mars.
尽管看起来不可思议, 但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们做出一个设想, 那就是今晚降落在新泽西农场的怪物就是来自火星入侵部队的先导。1) Incredible as it may seem＝Although it may seem incredible 这是由as引导的让步状语从句。as “尽管”, 表示一种强烈的语意, 从句中的表语、状语或动词需置于as之前, 构成倒装语序; 作表语的名词提到as之前时, 名词前不能加冠词。如：
Young as he is, he knows a lot about football.2) though引导让步状语从句, 从句的语序可与as从句相同, 也可用正常语序; although引导的让步状语从句不能用倒装语序。如：
Though/Although he is a boy, he likes to be treated like an adult.3) as作连词, 还可以引导下列状语从句：
①时间状语从句, “当……时候”, 强调at
the same time, 主从句的动作同时发生, 尤
其指动作或事件短时间内同时发生。如：
I read the letter as I walked along the river.
as还可说明两种正在发展或变化的情况,
“随着”。如：
As I get older, I get more interested in
science.②引导原因状语从句, “由于; 因为”。如：
As he wasn’t ready in time, we went without him.
③引导比较状语从句, “像……一样”, 主要用于as... as...和not as/ so... as...句型中。如：
The movie was not as/ so good as I had expected.
④引导方式状语从句, “按照”。 如：
She stayed in bed as the doctor had ordered.______ scientists have learned a lot about the universe, there is much we still don't know. (2015·安徽)
A. Once B. Since C. Though D. Unless
考查状语从句。句意：尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了许多，但是有许多我们仍然不能知晓的东西。A一旦；B既然，自从；C虽然；D除非。once和unless表示条件，since表示原因或时间；though表示让步或 转折。这里是转折含义，故选C。C3. An ordinary teacher, Christa McAuliffe, 37, who was married with two children, was to be the first civilian in space.
以为37岁的普通教师克里斯塔·麦奥里菲将要成为第一位进入太空的普通公民, 她已经结婚并有两个孩子。be to do 表示安排意向或者目的, 表将来。
e.g. My brother is to be married.
be about to 表示即将发生的动作。句中不
能有明确的时间状语。
e.g. The new school year is about to begin.4. The world was in shock — maybe they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane.
全世界都震惊了—— 也许他们原本都认为这次太空飞行跟乘坐飞机一样没什么危险。no more… than 表示对两者都否定, “同……一样都不……”。
e.g. You’re no taller than me.
not more… than 两者都具有某种特征, 但程度不同，“不如; 不及”。
e.g. This book is not more difficult than that one. 语法在复合句中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据从句在复合句中的语法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，它们分别在复合句中充当句子的主语、（动词或介词的）宾语、表语和同位语。 名词性从句的引导词
名词性从句一般由以下词引导：连词that, whether, if；连接代词what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever等；连接副词when, where, how, why等。两对引导词的区别：
一、what与that
◆what引导名词性从句时不仅起连接作用，而且在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
◆that引导名词性从句时只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分。二、whether与if
◆whether?可与or not连用，但if不能。
◆whether从句可位于句首或句尾，而if不能引导位于句首的主语从句。如：
Whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. (不能用if引导)
◆if不能引导表语从句、同位语从句。
◆介词后的宾语从句不能用if引导。如：
It all depends on whether they will join us for a picnic. (不能用if引导)名词性从句要点
一、主语从句
◆用it作形式主语时，主语从句要后置。常见的用it作形式主语的句式有：①?It is + a(n) + n. +从句；②?It is + adj. +从句；③?It is +过去分词+从句；④?It +不及物动词（短语）+从句。二、宾语从句
◆表示“建议、命令、要求”等意义的动词，如suggest, demand, order, insist等，其后的宾语从句中谓语动词用should +?动词原形或只用动词原形。
◆如果主句的谓语是过去时，宾语从句的时态要用过去的相应时态。但若宾语从句表示的是客观真理或自然现象，其谓语仍用一般现在时。如：
The teacher told us that the earth moves round the sun.◆当宾语从句后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：
Do you think it possible that the work will be finished by the end of this month?
◆当主句主语是第一人称，且谓语为think, believe, suppose, expect等动词时，如果宾语从句表示否定意思，通常否定前移，即否定主句谓语。如：
I don’t think I can ever forgive him.三、表语从句
◆当主语是reason，且后面的表语从句表示原因时通常用that引导；而it, this或that作主语时，后面的表语从句可用because或why引导。如：
The reason was that he fell ill.
It was because he fell ill.
That was why he fell ill.◆表语从句还可由as if / though, as等引导。如：
It looks as if it is going to rain.
The house looks as it did when he lived in it as a child.四、同位语从句
◆被同位语从句修饰的通常是一些表示抽象意义的名词，常见的有idea, fact, belief, chance, conclusion, decision, doubt, hope, message, news等。◆同位语从句通常由that引导，但what, why, whether, when, where, how等有时也可引导同位语从句。如：
I have no idea when she will be back.
It is very difficult to answer your question how I did it.
◆同位语从句有时不直接跟在被修饰的名词后面，而是被其它成分隔开了。如：
We’ve just heard a warning on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way.1. Your support is important to our work. ______ you can do helps. (2016·北京)
A. However B. Whoever
C. Whatever D. Wherever
C高考链接 考查主语从句。句意：你的支持对我们的工作很重要。无论你能做什么（whatever），都会对我们有帮助。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导主语从句，且在从句中做do的宾语，所以whatever“无论什么”符合语境。however“无论多么”和wherever“无论在哪里”是关系副词，在句中作状语，whoever“无论是谁，不管是谁”不能做do的宾语。2. The most pleasant thing of the rainy
season is _____ one can be entirely dust.
(2016·北京)
A. what B. that
C. whether D. why
考查表语从句。句意：雨季最愉快的事情
莫过于不受灰尘的袭扰。分析句子结构可
知，此处是表语从句，且从句中不缺任何
成分，故用that引导。B3. The manager put forward a suggestion ______ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do. ( 2016·天津)
A. whether B. that C. which D. what
考查同位语从句。句意：经理提了个建议——我们应雇个助手。要做的工作太多了。分析句子结构可知，空格后的同位语从句用来解释说明suggestion的具体内容，从句中不缺成分且意义完整，故选that。B4. —I wonder ______ Mary has kept her
figure after all these years.
—By working out every day. (2015·福建)
A. where B. how C. why D. If
考查宾语从句。句中I是主语，wonder是谓语，how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词how是宾语从句中的方式状语。B 答句用表示方式的介词by介词短语来回答，所以是针对方式题提问的，故用how。根据句意：—我想知道玛丽在这些年是怎么保持她的身材的。—通过每天锻炼(来保持的)。故选C。5. You have to know ______ you’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. (2015·湖南)
A. what B. that C. where D. who
考查宾语从句。分析可知：know后接宾语从句。 “You’re going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.”是完整句，故应用连接副词来引导从句。句意：若你要计划去那里的最隹方案，那你就得知道你要去什么地方。C 6. ______ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it. (2015·江苏)
A. That B. Why C. Where D. How
考查主语从句。句意：李白是中国一位伟大的诗人，他的出生地是众所周知的，但有些人不愿意接受这一事实。分析句子结构可知，a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语，is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where符合句意，where在从句中做地点状语。故选C项。C 写作 新闻报道一般把最近发生的一件事情以最快的速度告诉公众，有时还要加以评论，所以，它兼有记叙文和议论文的特点。
比较完整的新闻报道一般由标题、主体和结尾三部分组成，但并非每一篇新闻报道都必须包括这三部分，这要根据具体的内容需要而定。如何写新闻报道★标题一般包括正标题和副标题。正标题揭示主题或提示重要事实，副标题补充说明情况。
★主体是新闻报道的中心部分，是对新闻主要内容的阐述。
★结尾可以是对前面内容的归纳，也可以设置悬念引人深思。【写作指导】
1. 标题对于新闻报道很重要，甚至有一个标题就是一条报道的情况。因而，标题要提炼新闻事件的“精华”，把最吸引人的地方体现出来，同时要简洁。如果需要可以在正标题下加上副标题。2. 在写新闻报道时，一定要交代清楚新闻五要素，即五个“W”（What, Who, When, Where, Why），有时还要加上一个“H”（How）。报道只有交代清楚事件、人物、时间、地点、原因、过程等，才能使读者觉得真实、可信。3. 新闻报道可以根据所报道的内容采用不同的结构。如可采用倒金字塔式结构，即先说结局后说原因，多用于报道一些突发事件；也可以采用时间顺序结构，多用于重大仪式现场报道等。【写作要求】
1. 新颖。新闻报道的“新”在于事实新、材料新，要尽可能报道“第一次”发生的，“第一个”出现的事件。
2. 真实。新闻报道必须是真人真事，不能臆造。
3. 迅速、及时。新闻报道要求写新近发生的事情，最好是当天发生的，要具有时效性。巩固练习I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
It takes great ________ (patient) to answer
the children's endless questions.
2. You are making a(n) __________ (assume)
which might not be true.
3. The dog had such ________ (devote) to its
master that it would not leave him
whatever happened. devotion patienceassumption4. Is reading a child's diary always a(n)
________ (invade) of privacy?
5. Many parents opposed the ________
(divide) of the classes into different groups.
6. I'd like to thank the staff for having shown
such ___________ (commit).commitment invasiondivisionII. 用适当的介词填空。
This book has a great impact ________ its
readers.
2. The statement is not consistent ________
the one you made earlier.
3. They pray ________ peace and say no to
wars.
4. Choosing the right bike depends ________
what you want to use it for.
5. She opened the book ________ random
and started reading.onwith foronatIII. 选用括号内适当的连接词完成下面句子。
It is required ________ (that / when) the
players should wear tennis shoes on the
court.
2. I never had any doubt ________ (that /
whether) you would win.
3. They had a number of suggestions as to
________ (what / how) the service could be
improved. how thatthat4. Is there any possibility ________ (which /
that) you could pick me up from the station?
5. Tom's problem was ________ (that /
because) he lacked confidence.
6. ________ (That / When) she'll be back
depends much on the weather, so I don't
know the exact time. When that thatIV. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每
空一词）。
________ ________ ________ (尽管) the fact
that I was ill, I still went to school yesterday.
2. When they _______ _______ ______ ______ (着手解决) the problem, they realized there would be much difficulty.
3. Surprisingly, my views on the subject ________ ________ ________ (与……相似) yours. are similar to In spite ofset out to solve 4. This publishing firm is planning ________
________ ________ ________ (一系列新的)
school textbooks.
5. The professor ________ ________ ______
(被指责……) stealing his
student's ideas and publishing them.
6. She was a person __________ ______ (习惯
于) having eight hours' sleep a night.accustomed to a
new series of is / was accused of阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Space Day gives you the opportunity of 1. ________ (take) part in the excitement and fascination of space. It's a topic of interest to millions, old and young alike.
Since it 2. ___________ (create) by Lockheed Martin Corporation in 1997, Space Day has taken place on the first Friday of May every year. Because it focuses 3. _________ creating an interest and awareness of all kinds of topics and issues 4. ________ (relate) to space, related takingwas createdon / upon this holiday is 5. ________ (wide) popular.
Space Day events have taken place in 21 countries around the globe on six continents. Thanks to media support, nearly a billion people 6. ___________ (learn) about the Space Day programme since 7. ________ (it) beginning. It has been honored with the Space Foundation's Education Achievement Award.
On this day all kinds of space-related organizations or groups hold celebrations and 8. ___________ (education) programmes. educational widelyhave learnedits In the U.S., student activities often include: taking part in a simulated (模拟的) flight to Mars, discussions about the Space Shuttle programme, 9. _____________ (investigate) into the life cycle of a star, learning 10. ________ to protect planet Earth, exploring space career opportunities and so on.
investigationshow课件76张PPT。Module 6
The Tang Poems知识归纳1. __________ v. 分享; 共享
2. __________ adj. 内心的; 精神上的
3. __________ v. 一瞥; 迅速看一眼
4. __________ adj. 肮脏破旧的
5. __________ v. 满足需求
6. __________ v. 更新; 刷新知识清单(一) 单词sharementalglanceshabbycaterupdate7. _____________ n. 相识的人; 泛泛之交
_____________ v. 使……认识
8. _____________ v. 分手; 分离
_____________ n. 离别, 分界线
9. _____________ n. 失败者
_____________ v. 失败
10. ____________ n. 告别
11. ____________ v. 围绕acquaintanceacquaintpartpartingfailurefailfarewellgird12. __________ n. (肉体或精神上的)痛苦;
苦难
__________ v. 遭受; 经历; 患病
13. __________ v. 证明是; 被发现是
__________ n. 证据; 证明
14. __________ n. 魅力, 吸引力
__________ adj. 有吸引力的, 有趣的
15. __________ v. 赞成; 同意
__________ n. 赞成, 批准sufferingsufferproveproofappealappealingapproveapproval16. ___________ n. 费用
___________ adj. 昂贵的
17. ___________ v. 警告; 劝……小心
___________ adj. 警告的, 告诫的
___________ adj.小心的, 谨慎的
18. ___________ v. 提供; 捐
___________ n. 捐赠品, 捐款
19. ___________ v. 装点; 美化
___________ n. 装饰物; 装饰方式expenseexpensivecautioncautionarycautiousdonatedonationdecoratedecoration20. ______________ n. 独立
_____________ adj. 独立的; 自主的
21. _____________ n. 想像(力); 幻想; 空想
_____________ v. 想像
_____________ adj. 富有想像力的
_____________ adj. 可想像到的
_____________ adj. 想像的，虚构的
22. _____________ v. 反映, 显示; 表达
_____________ n. 反映；映像independenceindependentimaginationimagineimaginativeimaginableimaginaryreflectreflection20. ___________ n. 扩张
21. ___________ adj. 宽容的; 容忍的
22. ___________ n. 佛教
23. ___________ n. 天文学
24. ___________ n. 高度; 海拔
25. ___________ n. 进步; 进展
26. ___________ n. 腐败; 堕落
27. ___________ adj. 不规则的; 无规律的astronomytolerantBuddhismexpansionaltitudeadvancecorruptionirregular28. _____________ n. 合唱; 合唱曲
29. _____________ v. 通信
30. ___________ n. 事业
31. ___________ n. 商人
32. ___________ n. 剩余; 过剩
33. ___________ n. 赞助商
34. ___________ adv. 典型地, 有代表性
地;向来, 一向 merchantcorrespondenterprisechorussurplussponsortypically1. 抓住
2. 异口同声的
3. 捐赠
4. 装饰
5. 满足……的要求
6. 赞成某事; 满意某事
7. 与……通信(二) 短语take hold ofa chorus ofdonate todecorate withcater forapprove of sth.correspond with1. acquaintance n. [U]相识, 了解
[C]相识的人, 熟人
(课文原句) A close friend or an acquaintance? (P71)
翻译：是一位亲密的朋友 还是一个熟人? 核心要点(一) 单词【归纳】
have (no) acquaintance with
(不)熟悉，(不)了解
have a nodding acquaintance with sb./sth.
与某人有点头之交; (对某学科)略知一二
make the acquaintance with sb.
= make sb.’s acquaintance
与某人初次相见; 结识某人【拓展】
acquaint v. 使熟悉; 使了解
acquainted adj. 熟悉; 了解
2. share n. 一份, 份儿; 股份; 一部分
v. 分享; 共享
(课文原句) The invention of printing about this time meant that knowledge could be recorded and shared as never before. (P72)
翻译：约起源于此时的印刷术意味着人们可以以从未有过的方式来记载和分享知识。【归纳】
share sth. with sb.
与某人分享某物; 和别人合用
share sth. between/among sb.
在某人之间分配某物
share (in) sth. 分享某物
share (in) troubles and joys
同甘共苦, 苦乐与共3. prove v. 证明是; 被发现是
(课文原句) The book has proved very popular, giving students a sense of motivation and achievement. (P79)
翻译：这本书经证明很受欢迎, 给了学生动力和成就感。 【归纳】
① prove作连系动词, 意为“证明是”, 后跟名 词、形容词、to be引起的短语或of引起的短语作表语, 无被动语态, 也无进行时态。
② prove作及物动词, 意为“证明，证实”, 后跟名词、代词或从句; 也可跟复合结构, 构成“prove sb. / sth. (to be) +名词/形容词”结构。 【考例】
Even for those who enjoy running but fall halfway down the track in front of the entire school and their parents, it can prove a disaster.
(2014年陕西卷阅读理解D篇)4. appeal v. 呼吁, 恳请, 求助; 吸引; 唤起;
上诉
n. 呼吁, 恳请; 吸引力; 上诉
(课文原句) Anyone who is addicted to reading bus tickets or cereal packets will understand the appeal of Poems on the Underground. (P81)
翻译：任何一个喜欢阅读车票或者食品袋的人都很了解地铁诗歌的吸引力。 【归纳】
appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳请某人做某事
appeal against sth. 上诉
make an appeal to sb.
向某人提出呼吁; 引起某人的兴趣
注:
appeal用作名词, 通常与to或for连用; 用作
动词, 通常与to或against连用。We?tend?to?have?a?better?memory?for?
things?that?excite?our?senses?or?_____ our
emotions? than?for?straight?facts. (2015浙江)
A.?block?off.???B.?appeal?to?
C.?subscribe?to??D.?come?across?
句意：我们趋向于对于有一些记忆会比较清楚，这些东西是让我们激动或者是吸
引我们的。A.?block?off意为封锁，B.?appeal?to意为吸引，C.?subscribe?to意为订阅，D.?come?across意为遇到。B?该句的句式使用到了一个比较句式以及一个定语从句，看起来有一点复杂，其实这道题的关键就是连词or，or意思是或者，用于并列句。所以our?emotions表达是跟前面excite?our?senses（让我们激动）意思是相同的，根据句意不难得出答案是C吸引。?5. glance v. 看一下; 扫视
n. 一瞥
(课文原句) Some years ago, a few acquaintances who lived and worked in London, who used the Tube and loved poetry, decided that it would be pleasant to read a few lines by their favourite poets as they travelled around by Tube, instead of just glancing upwards at the tiresome advertisements. (P81)翻译：几年前，一些生活工作在伦敦的熟人，他们常乘坐地铁并喜欢诗歌，他们想坐地铁时能读到自己最喜欢的诗人所写的诗句，而不是仅仅抬头浏览枯燥的广告该是一件多少惬意的事情。【归纳】
glance at/over/through 浏览; 匆匆地看一眼
glance off 擦过; 掠过
at a glance 立刻; 一眼; (只)看一眼
at first glance 乍一看, 乍看之下
take/show/throw a glance (at sb./sth.)
(朝某人/某物)一瞥; 看一眼【即学即练】
根据括号内的汉语提示补全下列句子。
1. I _______________________ (略略环视一下房间) before I left.
2. _______________________________________ (乍一看，这些画不怎么样)，but on closer examination you’ll find they are not bad at all.
3. Mr. Smith ___________________________ (大致看了一下名单) and said nothing.
4. _______________________ (他一眼就能看出) what was wrong with the car.glanced down the list of namesglanced round the roomAt first sight, these paintings don’t look goodHe could tell at a glance6. caution v. 警告; 告诫; 提醒
n. 谨慎; 小心; 慎重
(课文原句) TICKETS AND TRAINS, THIS WAY DOWN, CAUTION! (P81)
翻译：车票，从这下来，小心点！ 【归纳】
caution sb. against sth./ not to do sth.
警告某人注意/不要做……
caution against... 告诫……
with caution = cautiously 小心地
【拓展】
cautious adj. 小心的, 谨慎的
be cautious about sb./sth. 小心某人/某事7. reflect v. 反射; 反映; 表明; 思考, 反省
(课文原句) Another Romantic poet, Coleridge, was probably a drug addict, and the strange journeys of his mind are reflected in his poems. (P83)
翻译：塞缪尔·泰勒·柯尔律治，另一位浪漫主义诗人，可能是一个吸毒者， 他的诗反映了他奇怪的思想历程。【归纳】
reflect sb./sth. (in sth.)
(镜子等)映出某人/某物的影像
reflect on/upon/over 认真思考; 沉思
reflect well/badly on sb./sth.
给人以好的或坏的印象
【拓展】
reflection n. 反映, 反射; 映象, 倒影; 沉思; 思考【即学即练】翻译下面句子。
1. 我需要时间来考虑你的建议。
___________________________________
2. 这位作曲家的音乐反映出他对非洲文化的兴趣。
___________________________________
___________________________________The composer's music reflects his interest in African culture.I need time to reflect on / upon your offer.1. approve of sth. 赞成某事; 满意某事
(课文原句) London Underground approved of the idea, and once sponsors had been found to pay the expenses for half the spaces, they agreed to pay for the other half. (P81)
翻译：伦敦地铁局同意了这个主意，并且一旦找到愿意支付一半费用的赞助商，他们就同意支付另一半费用。(二) 短语 approve of sth. 赞成某事; 满意某事
【归纳】
approve sth. 批准某事
【拓展】
approval n. 赞成, 同意; 批准; 认可
meet with sb.’s approval
得到某人的批准
win/earn sb.’s approval
得到……的赞许2. cater for 满足……的要求; 迎合……的需要
(课文原句) It catered for all tastes and included living and dead poems from the homeland and from all over the English-speaking world, and especially poems which have associations with London. (P81)
翻译：来自本国和世界上所有说英语国家的在世和已故诗人之手的诗歌，特别是与伦敦有关的诗歌，满足了各类人的需求。【归纳】
cater for sb.
为某人提供服务, 满足某人的需要
cater to 迎合，投合
cater for a party/wedding/meeting
为聚会/婚礼/会议备办酒席、提供服务
【拓展】
caterer n. [C](聚会、会议等的)酒席筹办者，提供饮食者
catering n．[U]酒席筹办, 提供饮食服务The?university?started?some?new?language?programs?to?_____? the?country’s?Silk?
Road?Economic?Belt.? ( 2015江苏卷)
A.?apply?to?? B.?cater?for?
C.?appeal?to? D.?hunt?for?
句意：这所大学启动了一些新的语言项目，为国家丝绸之路经济提供服务。A项“向……申请，适用于……”；B项“迎合，满足……的需要，为……提供服务”；C项“对……有吸引力，呼吁”；D项“猎取，寻找。故选B项。B3. correspond with/to 与……一致, 相当于；与……通信
(课文原句) Hundreds of people corresponded with London Underground suggesting poems, or just to say thank you.
翻译：许多人与伦敦地铁公司联系推荐诗歌或者表示感谢。【归纳】
correspond v. 相一致; 相联系; 通信
correspondence n. 一致; 符合; 通信, 通信联系
hold (keep up) correspondence with sb.
与某人(保持)通信(联系)
bring...into correspondence with...
使……与……一致起来; 使……与……相互通信
in correspondence with
和……一致; 与……有通信联系句式If only people could see me inside.
要是人们能看到我的内心世界就好了。
if only意为“要是……就好了, 但愿……”,
引导条件状语从句或感叹句, 并且从句中
要用虚拟语气。如:
If only I had more money, I could buy a car.
要是我有更多的钱, 我就能买辆汽车了。
If only she had asked someone’s advice!
要是她询问别人的建议就好了!语法一、情态动词的基本用法
情态动词可以用来表示推测，也可以用来表示能力、允许、必须、可能性、意愿、建议等。二、情态动词的特殊用法
★?shall用于第二、三人称，表示决心、许诺、威胁、命令或规定等。
★?must可表示讽刺或抱怨，意为“偏要，硬要”。
★?may用于祈使句表示祝愿。may well用来表示可能性，意为“很可能”；may as well用来提出建议，意为“不妨，还是……为好”。★?should表示惊异，意为“竟然”,常用于句式why / how should ...?或It’s strange / surprising / ... that sb. should ...?中。【考点解读】
can, could, may, might, should, must 都
可表示可能性。could 和might 表示的可能性比can和may 弱；should 表示一种估计的情况，可译为“按理应当……，估计……”；must 表示推测时用于肯定
句中，意为“肯定，一定”，否定句和疑问句中用can。表示许可时can 与may可互换；could 用于婉转地提出请求、想法、建议等；will 与would 均可用于主语是第二人称的疑问句中，表示征求意见或提出请求，此时would 并不表示过去，而表示委婉语气；shall 用于主语是第一、三人称的疑问句，表示征求对方的意见。三、情态动词+ have done
★?must have done表示对过去情况的肯定推测。
★?may / might have done表示过去可能发生过某事。
★?could have done表示过去可能发生，但并未发生，含有埋怨或训斥之意；也可表示对过去可能发生的事情的一种推测。★?should / ought to have done表示过去本该做（某事）而事实上未做；should not / ought not to have done表示过去本不该做（某事）但事实上却做了，含有批评、责备之意。
★?need have done表示过去本来有必要去做（某事），但事实上没有做；need not have done表示过去本来没有必要做（某事），但事实上却做了。1. I love the weekend, because I ______ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays. My daughter is home alone. (2016·北京)
A. needn’t B. mustn’t
C. wouldn’t D. shouldn’t
句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六周日我不必（needn’t）早起。 needn’t意为“不必，没有必要”，符合语境。 mustn’t禁止； wouldn’t不愿意； shouldn’t不应该。A高考链接2. It was really annoying; I _____ get
access to the data bank you had
recommended. (2016·天津)
A. wouldn’t B.
C. shouldn’t D. needn’t
句意：真烦人，我无权使用（couldn’t
get access to）你推荐的资料库。couldn’t
意为“不能”，符合语境。 wouldn’t不愿
意； shouldn’t不应该； needn’t没必要。B3. George _________ too far. His coffee is
still warm. (2016·浙江)
A. must have gone
B. might have gone
C. can't have gone
D. needn't have goneC 句意：乔治不可能走太远，他的咖啡仍是
温的。 can‘t have gone意为“不可能走
（远）”，是对过去情况的否定推测，符合
语境。 must have gone一定已经走
（远），是对过去情况的肯定推测；
might have gone可能已经走（远），是对
过去情况可能性不大的推测； needn‘t
have gone本没必要走（远），表示本来没
必要做某事却做了。4. —Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview
again.
—Oh, it's too bad. You ______ have
made full preparations. (2015·福建)
A. must B. can C. would D. should
A必须；B可以；C将会；D应该。这里是情态动词+have done的结构的虚拟语气。在肯定句中一般不可以用can + have done；D must + have done 表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句，其否定形式“can not have done”；should + have done意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做”。该对话意思为：——对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了。——噢，那太糟糕了，你本应该做好充分准备的。故选D。5. You ______ feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it. (2015·陕西)
A. should B. need C. shall D. may
句意：你可能觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我有100%的把握肯定你以后会感激的。should应该；need需要；shall将会；may(不确定)可能。所以选D。D 6. You ______ be careful with the camera. It costs! 【2015·四川】
A. must B. may C. can D. will
根据下文的it costs可知，照相机很昂贵，故选择A，句意：你必须得小心摆弄相机，它老贵了。A 选用括号内正确的内容完成下面对话。
Alice: 1. ______ (May / Should) I borrow the company truck for a fundraiser this weekend?
Bruce: Sure, I think that would be possible.
But you 2. _____ (might / must)
return it before Sunday.MaymustAlice: OK, we will need it for Saturday only.
Bruce: Who will be driving it?
Alice: Mary.
Bruce: It surprises me that Mary 3. ________ (should / shall) drive a truck. I thought she 4. ________ (mustn’t / couldn’t) drive.couldn’tshouldAlice: Actually, she is an excellent driver. Can we borrow the chairs from the lunchroom also?
Bruce: Yes, that would be fine. Just make sure that everything is returned by Sunday.如何介绍中国古诗写作【写作任务】
请你根据所给提示，用英语写一篇短文，介绍李绅的《悯农》，并发表在校英文报上。
注意：词数100左右。悯农
李 绅
锄禾日当午，
汗滴禾下土。
谁知盘中餐，
粒粒皆辛苦。【写作指导】
审题定调
本写作要求介绍中国唐代诗人李绅的《悯农》，属于说明文。时态以一般现在时为主。
布局谋篇
本写作可以分为三部分：
第一部分：点出要介绍的诗；
第二部分：具体介绍诗的内容；
第三部分：揭示诗的主题。常用表达
... written by ... is one of the most
well-known Tang poems.
As the picture shows, ...
It indicates ...
Through this poem, ... expresses ...
At the same time, he warns people
not to ...
Today people often use this poem to ...【参考范文】
Min Nong written by Li Shen, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, is one of the most well-known Tang poems.
As the picture shows, some farmers are working hard in the field at noon, which indicates how hard it is to bring food from the farm to the table. All the food we eat every day is the result of the farmers' hard work. Through this poem, Li Shen expresses his sympathy for the famers who lead a hard life. At the same time, he warns people not to waste food. Today people often use this poem to advise others to treasure food.巩固练习I. 用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
The _________ (expand) of the business calls
for two more factories.
2. The cat felt curious when she saw her own
__________ (reflect) in the mirror.
3. He always shows great sympathy with the
________ (suffer) of the poor.reflection?expansion sufferings 4. ________ (typical), he didn't even bother to
tell anyone where he was going.
5. Fairy tales often help to develop a child's
___________ (imagine).
6. Everyone began shouting at once and the
meeting broke up in ________ (order).disorder TypicallyimaginationMozart ________ play the piano at the age of
five.
2. —May I smoke here?
—If you ________, choose a seat in the
smoking section.
3. —Don't forget to come to my birthday party
tomorrow.
—I ________.II. 选用方框内合适的情态动词完成下面句子（每词限用一次）。 ?must??couldmust, may, can, could, can't, mustn't, need, won't won't 4. We hope that as many people as possible
________ join us for the picnic tomorrow.
5. If Tom didn't leave here before five o'clock,
he ________ be home yet.
6. You ________ take the book home but you
aren't allowed to lend it to others.
7. You ________ smoke in the gas station;
otherwise, you'll be fined.
8. —________ I attend the meeting tomorrow?
—Yes, you must.can ?must, may, can, could, can't, mustn't, need, won't may ?can'tNeedmustn't III. 根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子
（每空一词，含缩略词）。
He ________ ________ (瞥了一眼) the
paper and recognized his mother's
handwriting.
2. The government is calling on the country's
youth to ________ _______ ______ ______
_______ (无偿献血).
3. The old man ________ ________ ________
(抓住) my arm and crossed the road. donate their blood for
free glanced at took hold of 4. She took it for granted that they ________
________ ________ (将会同意) the idea.
5. His story of what happened that night
________ ___________ ________ (与……不
一致) the witness's version.
6. The job rather ________ ________ (吸引)
me, for it involves traveling abroad. would
approve of didn't correspond withappeals to阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
When 1. ________ (ask) about poetry, most people will say that a poem is a text that has rhythm and rhyme. The following lines by William Blake, 2. ________ have clear rhythm and rhyme, are famous:
Tiger, tiger, burning bright, in the forest of the night.
Other people will add that poems must have 3. ________ certain form, with a fixed number of lines and a fixed rhyme pattern,askedwhich a such as a sonnet. With rhyme, most people mean the rhyme of the sound of words at the end of lines. 4. ________ is also true that much of the classical poetry that we have looks like that. Except for some short songs and poems 5. ________ (include) in his plays, all of Shakespeare's greatest poems are sonnets.
John Milton was one of the first 6. ________ (poet) who started writing poems without rhyme at the end of lines. He wrote other poems too, but he is famous for his long poems without rhyme.It included poets After Milton, almost every poet had a go at this kind of poetry that was free 7. ________ rhyme. Wordsworth and Keats wrote some such poems, but that is not 8. ________ they are really famous for. This style of poetry became known as free verse (自由诗).
It was not until the twentieth century that modern poetry 9. _____________ (develop). Modern poets wanted to break away from all the 10. ___________ (tradition) forms of poetry. One of the characteristics of modern poetry is that it usually does not have rhyme at the end of a line, and it is also often about common topics.traditionalofwhatwas developed
