考点23 被动语态-备战2018年中考英语考点一遍过

命题趋势：
动词的时态和语态是中考出现频率较高的语法项目之一。考题多以具体的语境为主，体现了对语法知识、语境理解、语言交际能力的综合考查。
中考考查重点：
1. 被动语态的句型；
2. 被动语态的各种时态形式；
3. 被动语态的用法；
4. 主动语态变被动语态；
5. 主动形式表示被动意义。
被动语态
考向一：被动语态的句型
句型
构成
例句
肯定句
主语 + be + 过去分词( + by... )
English is spoen everywhere. 到处有人说英语。
否定句
主语 + be + not + 过去分词( + by…)
English isn’ t spoen by people here. 这里的人不说英语。
一般疑问句
Be + 主语 + 过去分词(+ by...)?
—Was Tom ased to come early? 汤姆被要求早点来吗?
—Yes, he was. 是的，他被要求了。/No, he wasn’ t. 不，他没有。
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词(+by...)?
Why was this bridge destroyed by the government? 政府为什么要拆毁这座桥?
考向二：被动语态的各种时态形式
时态
结构
例句
一般现在时
主语 + am/is/are + 过去分词 + 其他
History is made by the people. 历史是人们创造的。
These boos are designed for children. 这些书是为孩子们设计的。
一般过去时
主语 + was/were + 过去分词 + 其他
The letter was written in English. 这封信是用英语写的。
The cars were made in Shanghai. 这些车是上海生产的。
一般将来时
主语 + will be + 过去分词 + 其他
Your job will be ept open for your return. 你的工作将保留到你回来。
When will the wor be finished? 这项工作什么时候完成？
现在进行时
主语+ am/is/am + being + 过去分词 +其他
A new railway is being built. 一条新铁路正在修建。
Because my car is being repaired, I have to go to wor by taxi. 因为我的车正在修理，所以我不得不坐出租车去上班。
过去进行时
主语+ was/were + being + 过去分词+ 其他
The hall was being built last year. I’ m not sure if it is completed. 这个个大厅去年正在修建，我不清楚建好了没有。
The road was being widened when I passed by the village. 当我经过那个村庄时，道路正在加宽。
现在完成时
主语 +have/has been + 过去分词 + 其他
He has been sent to wor in Shanghai. 他已经被派往上海工作了。
Has the sports meeting been put off until next Friday? 运动会已经推迟到下周五了吗？
过去完成时
主语 + had been + 过去分词 + 其他
The room had been broen into before we came. 我们来之前已经有人强行进过这间屋子。
A new hotel had been built when I got there. 我到那儿时，一座新旅馆已经建好了。
情态动词
主语 + 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 + 其他
Her temperature should be taen twice a day. 她的体温应该一天量两次。
If heated, water can be turned into vapour. 如果受热，水会变成蒸气。
考向三：被动语态的用法
用法
例句
不知道或者不必说出动作的执行者
How is this word pronounced? 这个单词怎么发音？
The boo was published in 2005. 这本书是2005年出版的。
强调动作的承受者
School will be opened in our village. 我们村将开办一所新的希望学校。
当动作的执行者是泛指时
He is suspected of robbing the ban. 有人怀疑他抢劫银行。
表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者
I have been told many times not to mae noises. 有人多次告诉我不要吵闹。
句法修饰的需要
The lecture will be made by Joe, who is a young musician from Italy. 乔要做这个报告，他是意大利的一位年轻的音乐家。
有些动词习惯上常用被动语态
He was born in this city. 他出生在这个城市。
It is reported that he is a professor from New ealand. 据报道，他是来自新西兰的一位教授。
考向四：主动语态变被动语态
说明
例句
含有单个宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，并依据上表（被动语态的各种时态形式）谓语改为被动形式；如果需要说明动作的发出者，则需加上＂by + 主动句的主语（人称代词宾格）＂。
The famous professor gave two lectures in English.
→Two lectures were given (by the famous professor) in English.
那位著名的教授用英语作了两次报告。
They often as some questions after class.
→Some questions are often ased (by them) after class.
他们经常在课后问一些问题。
含有双宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 间接宾语+ 直接宾语＂：当直接宾语是名词或代词时，可将间接宾语和直接宾语中的任意一个变为被动的主语，而另一个保持不动。但是，当直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前应加上介词to或or。
The doctor gave me some good advice on the pronunciation.
→I was given some good advice on the pronunciation.
→Some good advice was given to me on the pronunciation.
老师给我提了一些关于发音方面的好建议。
含有复合宾语的主动句，即＂主语 + 宾语 +宾语补足语＂：把主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补保持不动(成为主语补足语，简称主补)。
We call him Li Hua.
→He is called Li Hua. 我们叫他李华。
They painted the room white.
→The room was painted white. 他们把房间刷成了白色。
【易错警示】
感官动词和使役动词后接动词原形作宾补，变为被动语态时，需要在动词原形前加上省略的不定式符号to，即＂be seen/heard/found/observed/noticed/made to do sth＂。
They saw her enter the meeting room just now.
→She was seen to enter the meeting room just now. 刚才他们看见她进入了会议室。
含有动词短语（作谓语）的主动句：谓语为及物动词短语的主动句方可变为被动语态。
They tae good care of these children.
→These children are taen good care of.
他们把这些孩子照顾得非常好。
We should mae full use of the good chance.
→The good chance should be made full use of.
我们应该充分利用这次好机会。
【易错警示】
动词短语用于被动语态时，把它们看作一个整体变成被动结构，其后的介词和副词不可丢掉。
考向五：主动形式表示被动意义
情况
例句
说明主语的性质、特征的动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：loc，open，read，sell，teach，wash，write等。
The cloth washes well. 这种布料很容易洗.
A freshly baed cae doesn’ t cut easily. 刚烤好的蛋糕不容易切。
表示感官的连系动词，用主动形式表达被动意义，如：smell，feel，taste，sound等。
This piece of music sounds good. 这段音乐听起来不错。
Mooncaes taste delicious. 月饼尝起来很美味。
某些动词后用动名词的主动形式表达被动意义，如：need，want，require，worth等。
The bie needs repairing. 这辆自行车需要修理。
Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
【知识拓展】
常见的被动形式表示主动意义的词组：
be seated 坐着，就座 be hidden 躲藏 be lost 迷路
be drun 喝醉 be dressed 穿着
被动语态记忆口诀
被动语态强调＂宾＂，用 be加上＂过去分＂。
＂be＂要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。
＂行为对象＂作主语，逻辑主语＂by＂来引。
原句若是双宾语，一变＂主＂来一保＂宾＂。
＂间宾＂要把主语变，原来＂直宾＂还是＂宾＂。
＂直宾＂要把主语变，＂间宾＂前加＂to＂最称心。
唯有原＂宾＂是＂复合＂，只有变宾要当心。
原句＂宾补＂变＂主补＂，位置不必挪寸分。
情态动词变＂被动＂，情态加be加过分。
如若＂情态＂后带to，变后有to才弄准。
＂短语动词＂变＂被动＂，相当＂及物＂莫疑心。
不过其后＂介＂或＂副＂，变后还得要承认。
一、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面哦)
1. It’ s said(据说) that the long bridge ______________（build）in two months.
2. Where to have the meeting ______________ （discuss）now.
3. Which language ______________ the most widely ______________（spea）in the world？
4. The lost boy ______________（not find）so far.
5. Last year a large number of trees ______________（cut）down.
6. The students ______________ often ______________ (tell) to tae care of their dess and chairs.
7. The old man is ill. He ______________ (must send) to the hospital.
8. Vegetables, eggs and fruits ______________ (sell) in this shop.
9. —What ______________ nives ______________ (mae) of ?
—They ______________ (mae) of metal(金属) and wood.
10. Can the magaine ______________ (tae) out of the library?
11. The room ______________ (clean) by me every day.
12. The stars can’ t ______________ (see) in the daytime.
13. Some flowers ______________ (water) by Li Ming already.
14. This ind of shoes ______________ (sell) well.
15. How long ______________ your uncle ______________ (be) in the city?
16. The food ______________ (smell) delicious.
二、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1. Is tea grown in South China?（改为主动语态）
______________ people ______________ tea in South China?
2. I am given a birthday present by my parents every year. （同义句转换）
A birthday present ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ by my parents every year.
3. The wor is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问)
How ______________ ______________ the wor going to be finished ?
4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态)
An English song ______________ ______________ ______________ by the children.
5. You needn’ t do it now. (改为被动语态)
It ______________ ______________ ______________ by you now.
6. People use metal for maing machines. (改为被动语态)
Metal ______________ ______________ ______________maing machines.
7. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)
I ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________that for him.
8. They are watching the football match.
The football match ______________ ______________ ______________ by them.
9. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态)
______________ a bridge ______________ here by them a year ago?
10. They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态)
The light green dresses ______________ ______________ ______________ out.
11. We call the game ＂Lianlianan＂. (改为被动语态)
The game ______________ ______________ ＂Lianlianan＂ by us.
三、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。
①The new bie ______________ ______________ ______________ ______________ （买给我）by my parents as a present last wee.
②______________ your mobile phone ______________ ______________ ______________（是国产的吗）?
③The whole mountain is ______________ ______________ (覆盖) the snow.
四、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。
①I have a lot of homewor to be done tonight. ____________
②Is your history teacher listened carefully in class? ____________
③Lei Feng’ s name remembered by all Chinese people. ____________
④The music is sounded beautiful. ____________
⑤By who was this new educational CD-ROM designed ? _____________
1. （2017 ? 安徽中考） Mr. Green __________ to sing an English song at the party and he sang well.
A. was invited B. invited C. is invited D. invites
2. （2017 ? 山东青岛）Teenagers have to be 18 years old before they __________ to drive a car.
A. are allowed B. will be allowed C. allow
3. （2017 ? 山东泰安）As China grows stronger and stronger, Chinese __________ in more and more schools out of our country.
A. teaches B. is taught C. has taught D. was taught
4. （2017 ? 湖北省随州市中考）—Your bedroom is so clean.
—Of course. It __________ every day
A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned
5. （2017 ? 湖北省宜昌市中考）—Quite a few new laws and rules on food safety __________ into use last month.
—Can you tell me what they are?
A. were putting B. have been put C. were put D. put
6. （2017 ? 苏州市中考）—Why hasn’ t Tony come?
—The invitation letter __________ to Toby by accident
A. was emailed B. has emailed C. is emailed D. emailed
7. （2017 ? 上海中考）The museum __________ next month to celebrate the Science & Technology Festival.
A. is decorated B. will decorate C. is decorating D. will be decorated
8. （2017 ? 湖北省随州市中考）—Your bedroom is so clean.
—Of course. It __________ every day
A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned
9. （2017 ? 吉林省中考）Both Lily and Lucy __________ to the party yesterday, but they didn’ t come at all.
A. were invited B. was invited C. invited
10. （2016 ? 山东菏泽）When you go abroad, you’ ll find that so many products in local shops __________ in China.
A. mae B. have made C. are made
11. （2016 ? 湖北黄石）— Why does the earth loo blue in space?
— Because most of the earth’ s surface __________ by water.
A. covers B. is covered C. cover D. are covered
12. （2016 ? 四川成都）You are not supposed to go to a family patty unless you __________ to in the US.
A. are not invited B. are invited C. will be invited
13. （2016 ? 海南）Our plan to clean the par __________ tomorrow.
A. Discusses B. will discuss C. will be discussed
14. （2016 ? 江西）I plan to build an unusual house. It __________ out of old things.
A. is built B. has built C. was built D. will be built
15. （2016 ? 重庆）Students do less homewor now. Usually it __________ before 9 o’ cloc in the evening.
A. finishes B. finished C. is finished D. was finished
16. （2016 ? 重庆）—Mom, where is my model plane?
—Oh, it __________ to Jenny yesterday.
A. is lent B. lends C. was lent D. lent
17. （2016 ? 山东青岛）Children should __________ to be honest from a young age.
A. educate B. be educated C. punish D. be punished
18. （2016 ? 湖北孝感）—What’ s the meaning of the activity ＂Let’ s Save＂?
—Paper shouldn’ t __________ in everyday life.
A. waste B. wasted C. be wasted D. is wasted
19. （2016 ? 江苏南通）Moon caes __________ for free to those old people this coming Moon Festival.
A. were offered B. will offer C. have offered D. will be offered
20. （2016 ? 广西来宾）The teenagers __________ to choose their own clothes.
A. allow B. allowed C. are allowing D. should be allowed
21. （2016 ? 湖北随州）—Waiter, I’ d lie some Ningbo Dumplings.
—Sorry, sir. Ningbo Dumplings __________ only for lunch and dinner.
A. serve B. served C. are served D. are serving
22. （2016 ? 湖南邵阳）—A new bridge __________ in our hometown last year.
— Really? Our hometown must be more beautiful.
A. is built B. was built C. built
23. （2016 ? 江苏镇江）Last year, five Chinese teachers __________ to a school in the U to teach the British students in Chinese style for four wees.
A. was sent B. were sent C. have sent D. sent
24. （2016 ? 江苏泰州）Lunar Probe(月球探测器) Chang’ e-5 __________ into space this year. It will land on the moon and return with lunar samples(样品).
A. sends B. will be sent C. will send D. is sent
25. （2016 ? 安徽中考）When the baby dog __________, it was very hungry. So we gave it some food.
A. is found B. was found C. has been found D. will be found
26. （2016 ? 北京中考）A new road __________ near my school next year.
A. builds B. will build C. is built D. will be built
27. （2016 ? 福建福州中考）—When is the 31st Olympic Games?
—It __________ in Rio do Janciro of Brail in August, 2016.
A. held B. is held C. will be held
28. （2016 ? 福建泉州中考）Last wee the old boos __________ to raise money for Free the Children.
A. sold B. are sold C. were sold
29. （2016 ? 福建厦门中考）— These days, teenagers often have to do what they __________ to.
— It’ s not good for their independence. They need to thin on their own.
A. tell B. are telling C. are told
30. （2016 ? 贵州黔南州中考）The city is a greener city now because many trees __________ every year.
A. were planted B. are planted C. will be planted D. was planted
31. （2016 ? 河南中考）We are going to tae the high-speed train to Xi’ an tomorrow, so an early arrival at the station __________.
A. advises B. is advised C. is advising D. was advised
32. （2016 ? 黑龙江大庆中考）Smartphones __________ in the classroom.
A. aren’ t allowed B. aren’ t allowing C. allow D. is allowed
33. （2016 ? 湖北黄冈中考）—Tom is always careless with his schoolwor. Could you help him?
—No problem! I thin he __________ to thin twice before starting.
A. should be told B. can tell C. should tell D. can be telling
34. （2016 ? 湖北咸宁中考）—China’ s 23rd Beidou Satellite __________ into space on June 12, 2016.
—As Chinese, we are proud of it.
A. has sent B.is sent C. will send D. was sent
35. （2016 ? 天津中考）Paper __________ first __________ about 2000 years ago in China.
A. is; creating B. is; created C. has; created D. was; created
36. （2016 ? 山东泰安中考）More chances __________ for students to learn from each other if woring in groups.
A. provide B. are provided C. provided D. will provide
1. Great changes __________ in the city and a lot of buildings __________.
A. have taen place；have been set up
B. have been taen place；have been set up
C. were taen place；were set up
D. have taen place；set up
2. A new supermaret __________ in my hometown last month.
A. built B. has built C. was built D. is building
3. Great changes __________ in our country since 1990.
A. were taen place B. too place
C. have taen place D. have been taen place
4. Liu Xiang is well nown all over the world, he __________ to appear in films.
A. ass B. is ased C. ased D. will as
5. —Where did you go last night?
—I __________ to go to Lily’s birthday party.
A. have been ased B. have ased C. ased D. was ased
6. Trees __________ in winter but in spring.
A. not can be planted B. can be planted
C. can’ t be planted D. can plant
7. Unlucily, my grandma fell downstairs and her legs were badly __________.
A. hurt B. hurted C. hit D. hurting
8. You have to be 18 years before you __________ to drive a car.
A. are allowed B. are C. allowed D. allow
9. Please hand in your homewor as soon as it __________.
A. finishes B. will finish C. is finished D. will be finished
10. The river smells terrible. People __________ dirty things into it.
A. must stop to throw B. must stop from throwing
C. must be stopped to throw D. must be stopped from throwing
【跟踪训练】
一、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。(请注意时态和语态两个方面哦)
1. will be built 2. is being discussed 3. is spoen 4. hasn’ t been found
5. were cut 6. are told 7. must be sent 8. are sold
9. are made , are made 10. be taen 11. is cleaned 12. be seen
13. have been watered 14. sells 15. has been 16. smells
二、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1. Do, grow 2. is given to me 3.soon is 4. will be sung
5. needn’t be done 6. is used for 7. was made to do 8. is being watched
9. was built 10. have been sold 11. is called
三、根据所给汉语完成句子，一空一词。
① was bought for me ② Is made in China ③ covered with
四、下列各句均有一处错误，请找出并改正过来。
①be done改为 do ② listened改为 listened to ③ remembered 改为 was remembered
④ is sounded 改为sounds ⑤By who 改为 By whom
【真题再现】
2. A【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：青少年在允许开车前不得不达到十八岁。are allowed被动语态的一般现在时；C. will be allowed被动语态的一般将来时；D. allow一般现在时。根据主语和谓语动词之间的动宾关系，可知用被动语态，结合句意，可知表示一般情况，故选A。
3. B【解析】考查被动语态的时态的用法。句意：随着中国变得越来越强大，汉语在国外越来越多的学校教学。A. teaches第三人称单数形式； B. is taught 一般现在时的被动结构 C. has taught 现在完成时，主动结构； D. was taught一般过去时的被动结构。根据主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，根据句意，可知描述的是现在的一种现象，所以用一般现在时，故选B。
4. C 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——你的卧室真干净。——当然，它每天都被打扫。根据every day句子应该用一般现在时，句子的主语it与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，故选C。
6. A【解析】考查动词的时态及语态。句意：——托尼为什么还没来？——邀请函偶然地通过电子邮件发送给托比。A. was emailed被邮寄，过去式的被动语态；B. has emailed已邮寄； C. is emailed被邮寄，现在式的被动语态；D. emailed 邮寄，一般过去时。The invitation letter是物，应用被动语态，邀请函已发故用过去式，因此选A。
7. D【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：为庆祝即将举行的学技术节，这个博物馆下个月就要装修。根据题意，博物馆下个月要进行装修，属于打算，应该用一般将来时，排除A和C选项。同时，博物馆是＂被装修＂，要用decorate的被动语态，即be decorated，而B是主动式，可排除。故选D。
8. C 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——你的卧室真干净。——当然，它每天都被打扫。根据every day句子应该用一般现在时，句子的主语it与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，故选C。
9. A【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：昨天李丽和露西都被邀请去参加聚会，但是他们都没有去。A. were invited 被邀请，用于复数的主语； B. was invited 用于单数主语； C. invited是过去式。因为句子的主语Both Lily and Lucy是复数，并且与谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以用were invited被邀请，故选A。
10. C【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：当你去国外时，你会在当地商店里看到那么多中国制造的商品。主语products是谓语动词mae的承受者，句子用被动语态，故选C。
11. B【解析】考查动词的语态。句意：——为什么在太空中，地球看上去是蓝色的？——因为地球的大部分地方被水覆盖着。句子的主语surface是谓语动词cover的承受者，句子用被动词语态，most of the earth’ s surface表示单数含义，谓语动词用单数形式。故选B。%
12. B【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在美国如果你不被邀请，你不应该参加家庭聚会。Unless引导的条件状语从句，主句将来时或有情态动词，从句用一般现代时。故选B。
13. C【解析】考查动词的时态及语态的用法。句意：打扫公园的计划将在明天被讨论。根据tomorrow可知，句子应该用一般将来时，句子的主语plan与discuss 之间是被动关系。故选C。
14. D【解析】考查动词的时态及语态。句意：我计划建一座与众不同的房子，所建造的房子会推陈出新。根据plan可知，计划要做的事情，当然句子用一般将来时，句子是主语it指房子，it与build之间是被动关系。所以用将来时的被动语态。故选D。
17. B【解析】考查被动语态。句意：应该从小教育孩子们做老实人。Children是educate的承受者，该用被动语态。所以选B。
18. C【解析】考查被动语态。句意：——＂让我们节约＂活动的意义是什么？——在日常生活中不应该浪费纸。paper是waste这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。前面已有情态动词，所以选C。
19. D【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：在这个即将到来的中秋节月饼将免费送给那些老人。主语与动词之间是被动的关系，his coming Moon Festival. 即将到来的中秋节，可知时态为一般将来时态，因此句子选用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选D。
20. D【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：青少年应被允许选择自己的衣服。结合句意，主语the teenagers与谓语allow之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be + allowed，故选D。
21. C【解析】考查被动语态的用法。句意：——服务员，我想要一些宁波水饺。——先生，对不起。宁波水饺只在午饭和晚饭服务。结合句意，主语Ningbo Dumplings和谓语serve是被动关系，故此处用被动语态，故用are served，故选C。
22. B【解析】考查动词的时态及语态辨析。句意：——去年，在我们故乡建了一座新的桥梁。——真的吗？我们的故乡一定更美了。A. is built一般现在时态的被动语态；B. was built一般过去时态的被动语态；C. built一般过去时态的主动语态。本题描述的是去年发生的过去动作，句子用一般过去时态；主语bridge是谓语动词build的承受者，句子用被动语态。故选B。
23. B【解析】考查动词的时态及被动语态的用法。句意：去年，五名语文老师被派往英国的一所学校达四周的时间用中国式的方法教英国的学生。根据主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态be done，故排除CD。根据主语是复数，所以系动词用were,故选B。
24. B【解析】句意：月球探测器嫦娥5号将在今年被发送到太空。它将在月球着陆，并带样品回来。根据
主语和谓语动词之间是动宾关系，所以用被动结构be done；根据时间可知用一般将来时态，结合句意，故选B。
25. B【解析】句意：当小狗狗被找到时，它非常的饿。所以我们给了它一些食物。A. is found被动语态的一般现在时；B. was found一般过去时；C. has been found 现在完成时；D. will be found一般将来时。根据后文的时态，可知找到狗是过去的事情，所以用过去时态的被动语态，故选B
28. C【解析】句意：上星期，卖了那些旧书为Free the Children筹钱。表示上一周发生的过去动作，句子用一般过去时态；句子主语the old boos是谓语动词sell的承受者，句子用被动语态。故选C。
29. C【解析】句意：——这些天，青少年进场不得不做他们被告诉的事。——这对他们的独立不好。他们需要独立思考。结合句意，他们贝高苏要去做某事，故用被动形式，故选C。
30. B【解析】句意：因为每年栽许多树，城市更加绿了。 A. were planted一般过去时态的被动语态；B. are planted一般现在时态的被动语态；C. will be planted一般将来时态的被动语态；D. was planted一般过去时态的被动语态。由every year可知句子描述的是每年都发生的动作，表示经常性、习惯性的动作，用一般现在时态。句子主语trees是复数，谓语用复数。故选B.
31. B【解析】句意：明天我们要坐高铁去西安，所以建议早到车站。结合句意，主语an early arrival与动词advise之间是被动语态，故选B。
32. A【解析】句意：在教室里不允许智能机。A. aren’t allowed被动语态形式；B. aren’t allowing现在进行时态形式；C. allow一般现在时态形式；D. is allowed被动语态形式。句子主语smart phones是谓语动词allow的承受者，句子用被动语态，主语phones是复数形式，be用are。故选A。
33. A【解析】句意：——汤姆总是对他的学业很粗心。你能帮助他吗？——没问题！我认为他应该被告知在开始之前应再三思考。结合句意，他粗心，因此应告诉他要三思而后行，故应是被告知，故用被动语态，故选A。
34. D【解析】句意：——在2016年6月12日中国的第23颗北斗卫星被发送到太空。——作为中国人，我们感到骄傲。根据 on June 12, 2016.可知此处是已经发生的事，故用一般过去时。故选D。
35. D【解析】句意：纸是两千多年前，中国发明的。表示两千多年前发生的过去动作，句子用一般过去时态；句子的主语paper是谓语动词create的承受者，句子用被动语态。故选D。
36. B【解析】句意：如果以小组学习，将给学生提供更多的彼此学习的机会。根据主语是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，故可以排除ACD，故选B。
【模拟检测】
4. B【解析】本题的含义是刘翔在全世界出名了，有人要求他在电影中出现，本题是一个被动句，结构为be+过去分词，故选B。
5. D【解析】本题的含义是有人邀请我去参加莉莉的生日聚会，本题是被动的意思，用被动的结构be+过去分词，本题为过去时，故be用was，故选D。
6. C【解析】根据情态动词的被动语态结构可知答案为C。
7. A【解析】本题的含义是我祖母从楼梯上摔了下来，腿伤的很重，本题表示的是被动的意思，用被动的结构，结构为be+动词的过去分词，受伤hurt的过去分词还是hurt，故选A。
8. A【解析】允许某人做某事allow sb to do sth.。本题中you是被允许所以选用被动语态选项A正确。句意：直到18岁才允许你开汽车。！
9. C【解析】as soon as表示＂一……就……＂，后接状语从句，从句可以用一般现在时表示将来时。主语将来时，从句一般现在时，但从句不用将来时。根据语境可知此句要用被动语态故选C。
10. D【解析】此题考察的含有情态动词的被动语态，stop from doing sth 表示阻止做某事。