2018年中考英语一轮语法复习学案：名词讲解和选练题含答案

河南2018中考英语一轮语法复习学案：名词讲解和选练题含答案
河南中考总复习之导学案——名词讲解部分
中考考什么？
( )1.It was very h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ard for me to make a _____.but I decided to leave my job.
A. suggestion B. decision C. plan D. speech
( ) 2.____ are going to England for a holiday.
A. The Wang B. Wang’s C. The Wang’s D. The Wangs
( ) 3._____mothers both work in the same hospital．
A．Tim and Peter’s B Tim’s and Peter
C．Tim’s and Peter’s D．Tim and Peter
( ) 4.The TV on Channel Five are about sports__________.
A.experiences B.performances C.programs D.problems
( )5.--How many ________can you see over there
--I can see only one.
A.dog B. sheep C. child D. cat
( )6.Here is some _________here.
A.advice B. advices C. suggestions
河南河南考情分析
河南中考对名词的考察主要集中在听力理解、单 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )项选择、完形填空、词语运用四大题型上，所占分值大约为6分。考察知识点包括名词的基本词义、名词的数、名词复数形式的变化规则、名词的修饰语和名词的所有格等。高频考点集中在名词的基本词义和名词的数等方面。
必考考点梳理
考点一：名词的基本词义
单项选择及完形填空一考察名词基本词义的试题居多。在名词词义方面，考题会涉及一些意义相近的名词的辨析。如：
1. family___________,home_____________house______________;
2. bill_____________,menu____________ list _________ note _______;
3. ground___________, floor_________
4. room ___________, space _________ place __________
5. question__________,problem__________
6. voice_________ noise_________ sound_______________
7. work________ job___________
8. message_______ news________ excuse _________ information __________
Tom regards T ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ianjin as his second ______because he has been here for over twenty years.
A.family B. house C. room D. home
考点二：名词的数 英语名词有可数名词与不可数名词.
在使用名词时，首先要判断该名词的_ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____.不可数名词_____复数形式，常考的不可数名词有information_______ advice_____ _fun_____ weather_______.
考点三：名词的复数变化形式
规则：1.一般情况 ＋　S;
2. 以____,_____, _____, _____结尾的词＋es;　
3.以辅音字母加y 结尾的：把y变为i再加es;
4.以_____或_____结尾的：把f或fe变为v再加es;
不规则的可数名词记忆：
man________woman- ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______foot-_________child-________mouse-____;goose-____(鹅)tooth__; deer-________;sheep-________Chinese-_______;Japanese-_________Frenchman-_________Englishman-____woman doctor-_________boy student - ___________
考点四：名词的所有格
当用来说明物体的所属时，用名词的所有格形式。名词所有格有以下几种表达方式：
1. “名词＋s”形式．其中包括只有’的情况，以及表达两个或两个以上的人共有或分别拥有（某物或某人）的情况。
１)单数名词和不以s结尾的复数名词一般加’s,
如：Lucy的书___________ 教师节_______
2) 以s结尾的名词，不管是单数还是复数形式，一律加____
如:The teachers’ office; Dickens’ book; the boys’ football
3) 若表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后加’s,
如：This is Tom and Bob’s room.
4)　若表示各自所有，则需在各个名字后加’s，如：These are Tom’s and Bob’s rooms.
David is ________________(Jim and Tom)teacher.
__________________(Lin Tao and Zhang Bin) books are all good.
2.of所有格这种表达方式多适用于表示无生命的事物名词，但表示时间或国家的名词也可用’s.
教室的窗户_____________ 步行10分钟的路程_____________________
今天的报纸_________________
3.双重所有格。我爸爸的一个朋友______________ 我的一个朋友____________________
当堂检测，课堂达标
一.根据所给单词的正确形式填空：
1. Different people may have different _____________. (idea)
2. I often go to work on __________. (foot)
3. I know one of the ________. (boy)
4. Mr. Brown is wearing a pair of . (glass)
5. Please give them their _ . (photo)
6. Are there any ________in the box (watch)
7. There are twelve in a year. (month)
8. Would you like some ________ (tomato)
9. Look at those _______in the boats! (people)
10. Look! The are singing. (woman)
11. September 10th is Day. (teacher)
12. Jim has some _______. (knife)
13. How much are these _______ (vegetable)
14. My school is twenty ________________ walk from here. (minute)
15. The girl under the tree is a friend of________. (Lucy)
易错题集
（ ）1.Father asked his doctor for________ about his heart trouble.
A. an advice B. some pieces of advice C. the advice D. some advice
( ) 2.The shoes are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )too small for me, I want to buy a bigger________.
A. one B. shoe C. ones D. pair
( ) 3.When ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )I hurriedly got to the airport, the lady at the window told me that there were
no_______ left on the plane.
A．places B seats C．space D．room
( ) 4.All ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the _____teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th,because it was their own holiday.
A. man B. men C. woman D. women
( )5.--How many ________can you see over there
--I can see only one.
A. dog B. sheep C. child D. cat
( )6. Here is some _________here.
A. advice B. advices C. suggestions
( )7. After _______journey, I felt tired.
A. twenty miles B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ). twenty miles’ C. twenty mile D. twenty mile’s
( )8. They got much _______on the Internet.
A. photo B. ideas C. message D. information
( )9. This is a p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hoto of _______. The girl in the photo is his girl friend.
A. my brother B. my brother’s C. brother of my D. my brothers’
( )10. Don’t make so much_______, I can’t hear her beautiful_______
A. sound; noise B.noise; voice C. voice; noise D. sound; voice
中考选练题
一、随堂测试
(　　)1. (2017淮安)To ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )make ______ city more beautiful, we need to plant more trees.
A. our B. we
C. us D. ours
(　　)2. (2017荆州)—How do you like the famous actor, Jack Chen
—Wonderful! I like ______ very much.
A. he B. his
C. him D. himself
(　　)3. (2017温州)—Did anyone call me when I was out
—Yes. A man who called______ Tom.
A. myself B. himself
C. herself D. yourself
(　　)4. (2017上海) ______ knowledge and experience are important to finish that task.
A. Either B. Neither
C. None D. Both
(　　)5. (2017襄阳)—Would you like some milk or coffee, sir
—______. Just a glass of water, please.
A. Both B. Either
C. Neither D. None
(　　)6. (2017南京)—Who threw the empty bottles on the floor
—I don't know. They're not ______. Ask Max, please.
A. I B. me
C. my D. mine
(　　)7. (2017重庆B ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )卷)Fu Yuanhui is ______ favorite swimmer because she's so funny.
A. I B. my
C. me D. mine
(　　)8. (2017乐山)—When shall we go hiking again
—Make it ______ day you like. It's all the same to me.
A. either B. any
C. one D. neither
(　　)9. (2017黄石)Chin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ese people find ______ our duty to help develop African countries along the Belt and Road (一带一路)．
A. it B. this
C. that D. these
(　　)10. (2017黔东南州)The ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) weather in Chongqing is the same as ______ in Rongjiang.
A. that B. those
C. it D. them
(　　)11. (2017常 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )州)—How nice your dictionary is! Where did you get ______？ I'd like to buy ______， too.
—In the shop in the city centre.
A. it; one B. one; one
C. one; it D. it; it
(　　)12. (2017牡丹江改编)—I forget to bring my pen. Can I borrow ______？
—OK. Here you are!
A. you B. your
C. yours D. yourself
(　　)13. (2017曲靖)Eac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h time I listen to Erquan Yingyue, a picture of ______ sad beauty appears in my mind.
A. it B. it's
C. its D. itself
(　　)14. (2017黄冈)—Is Laura in the teachers' office
—No, I didn't see ______there.
A. anybody B. somebody
C. nobody D. everybody
(　　)15. (2017沈阳)We ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )had fun and learnt ______ new as well. We had a good time.
A. something B. anything
C. nothing D. everything.
(　　)16. (2017咸宁) In ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )some countries, people eat with chopsticks, but in ______， knives and forks.
A．others B. other
C. another D. all
(　　)17. (2017河北)—Is this Kate's bicycle
—No, ______ is under the tree. She put it there this morning.
A. his B. hers
C. mine D. yours
(　　)18. (2017山西改编)Beli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eving in ______is a very important rule for you to get along well with others.
A. myself B. himself
C. yourself D. itself
(　　)19. (2017孝感)Ev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eryone makes mistakes in life. The key is not to repeat ______ again.
A. it B. this
C. that D. them
(　　)20. (2017福建改编)— ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Our English teacher will work for 2017 BRICS Summit (金砖峰会) this September.
—Great! I am so proud of ______.
A. she B. her
C. hers D. herself
(　　)21. (2017北京)My father is a worker. ______ is very kind.
A. He B. She
C. His D. It
(　　)22. (2017徐州)Mum, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) this is my best friend Amy. ______ are in the same class.
A. You B. Ours
C. We D. They
(　　)23. (2017天水)I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) have a bad cold. ______is why I didn't go to school.
A. This B. That
C. These D. It
(　　)24. (2017西宁)Ev ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ery morning the old people enjoy ______ in the square, singing and dancing.
A．him B. them
C. himself D. themselves
(　　)25. (2017哈尔滨改编) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )—Could you tell ______ who the man wearing glasses is
—Certainly. He is ______ coach. He teaches us to play baseball.
A. I; our B. my; us
C. me; our D. us; us
二、模拟演练
(　　)1. —Look! What's ______in the sky
—It looks like a kite.
A. this B. that
C. those D. these
(　　)2. These c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hildren lost ______ homes. We should try to make ______ feel at home here.
A. they; them B. their; them
C. they; their D. them; they
(　　)3. Kate and her sister went on holiday with a cousin of ______.
A. their B. theirs
C. hers D. hers
(　　)4. —Your bag is pretty good. Where did you buy ______？
—In the USA. Do you want to have ______ like this
A. it; it B. it; one
C. one; it D. one; one
(　　)5. —The d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ishes are ready. Let's help ______ to some food, my dear friends.
—How delicious! We sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ould thank ______ mother first because of the nice food.
A. ourselves; your B. yourselves; our
C. us; our D. ourselves; yours
(　　)6. The doctor thou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ght ______ would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this B. that
C. one D. it
(　　)7. —What do you think of Mike
—He's a man of ______ words. He always sits quietly.
A. little B. much
C. many D. few
(　　)8. —Why do many people like shopping online
—Because the prices online are much lower than ______ in shops.
A. that B. them
C. those D. ones
(　　)9. —Which do you prefer, tea or coffee
—I don't care. ______ is fine.
A. Either B. Neither
C. Both D. All
(　　)10. —______ Mike _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_____ his brother has enough courage to tell their mum the bad news.
—They think she will be very sad at it.
A. Either; or B. Neither; nor
C. Not only; but also D. Both; and
(　　)11. —How m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uch money did he get from his parents to help start his business
—______. He just depended on himself from the very beginning.
A. Neither B. None
C. Nothing D. No one
(　　)12. —Which of the two T shirts will you take
—I'll take ______. One is for my brother and the other is for myself.
A. either B. both
C. all D. neither
(　　)13. —Can you come to help me study maths this Saturday
—I'm afraid not. Let's make it ______ day.
A. every B. other
C. each D. another
(　　)14. A smile costs ______， but gives much.
A. anything B. something
C. nothing D. everything
(　　)15. —Do you know ______ Dengchao is
—He is an actor. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) He is the team leader in the popular reality TV show Running Man.
A. What B. Which
C. Whose D. how
(　　)16. There are two ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) foreigners having dinner in the restaurant. One is a Frenchman, ______ is a Englishman.
A. the other B. other
C. others D. the others
(　　)17. Don't worry. We're old enough to look after ______.
A. myself B. me
C. ourselves D. us
(　　)18. —What do you think of ______ Chinese teacher, Kate
—She's an excellent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) teacher. I've improved a lot since she taught ______ Chinese.
A．our; us B. our; our
C. ours; us D. ours; our
(　　)19. Nowadays, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) more and more parents in the same community drive ______ kids to and from school in one car. It's really a good way to reduce air pollution and traffic jams.
A. your B. their
C. our D. themselves
(　　)20. —Excuse me, are these ______ new pants
—No, they aren't. ______ are black over there.
A. your; Mine B. my; Your
C. her; Her D. mine; Your
(　　)21. Good boo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ks are like ______ wise friends, because they encourage you to walk forward and help you understand the world.
A. you B. your
C. yours D. yourself
(　　)22. Many people ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) think Peng Liyuan is the most beautiful First Lady. And ______ songs are also well known.
A. she B. her
C. herself D. hers
(　　)23. —Wow! How beautiful! ______ flowers are these
—Today is Mother's Day. They are for you, Mum.
A. Where B. Whom
C. Whose D. Who
(　　)23. —Hey! Tom, ______ is Jerry. ______ is a teacher from Canada.
—Hello, Jerry. Nice to meet you.
A. he; He B. he; This
C. this; He D. this; This
(　　)25. The stude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nts were all tired, but ______ of them stopped to have a rest.
A. no one B. none
C. neither D. someone
(　　)26. Is there ______ in today's newspaper
A. interesting something B. interesting anything　
C. something interesting D. anything interesting
(　　)27. How danger ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ous! She was driving the car with one hand and holding an ice cream with ______.
A. the other B. another
C. others D. other
(　　)28. —How was the meeting yesterday afternoon
—Almost ______ came ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) because of the terrible weather. We've put it off till next week.
A．something B. anything
C. nobody D. everybody
(　　)29. —Wow! This model car is so nice! I want to buy______.
—I am sorry. It's not for sale today. You can buy ______tomorrow.
A. one; it B. one; one
C. it; it D. it; one
(　　)30. We t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hink ______ is necessary to teach children how to make their own decision.
A. that B. this
C. / D. it
答案：
一、1～5 A C B D C　6～10 D B B A A　11～15 A C C A A
16～20 A B C D B　21～25 A C B D C
二、1～5 B B B B A　6～10 D D C A B　11～15 B B D C A
16～20 A C A B A　21～25 B B C C B　26～30 D A C C D