Unit 1 Cultural relics Section 1 Warming up & Reading课件（161张PPT）

(共161张PPT)
Cultural relics
Unit 1
SectionⅠ Warming up & Reading
Unit 1
课堂要点探究
2
课堂达标验收
3
课前新知预习
1
课前新知预习
Ⅰ.单词速记
1．culture(n.)文化；文明→________(adj.)文化的
2．________(adj.)罕见的；稀有的；珍贵的→rarely(adv.)罕见地；很少地；稀少地
3．value(n.)价值(vt.)评价；估价；重视→________(adj.)贵重的；有价值的
4．________(vi.)幸存；幸免；生还→________(n.)幸免；幸存；生还→survivor(n.)幸存者；生还者
cultural
rare
valuable
survive
survival
5．________(vt.)使吃惊；惊讶→________(adj.)令人吃惊的→amazed(adj.)感到吃惊的→amazement(n.)吃惊；惊讶
6．________(vt.)挑选；选择→________(n.)选择；挑选→selected(adj.)挑选出来的；精选的
7．________(vt.)设计；计划；构思(n.)设计；图案；构思→designer(n.)设计师；设计者；构思者
amaze
amazing
select
selection
design
8．________(v.)装饰；装修→decoration(n.)装饰；装修
9．________(n.)珠宝；宝石→jewellery(n.)(总称)珠宝；首饰
10．art(n.)艺术；美术；艺术品→________(n.)艺术家
11．________(vi.)属于；为……的一员→belongings(n.)(复数)财产；所有物
12．receive(vt.)接待；接收→___________(n.)接待；招待会；接收
decorate
jewel
artist
belong
reception
13．wood(n.)木材；木头→________(adj.)木制的
14．________(n.)怀疑；疑惑(vt.)怀疑；不信→doubtful(adj.)可疑的；令人怀疑的；不确定的
15．________(adj.)以前的；从前的→________(反义词)较后的；(两者中)后者的
16．________(n.)价值；作用(prep.)值得的；相当于……的价值→worthless(adj.)无价值的；没用的→________(adj.)值得……的；有价值的；值得尊敬的
worthy
wooden
doubt
former
latter
worth
Ⅱ.短语互译
1．寻找　　　　　　 ________________
2．属于　　　　 ________________
3．in return　　　　 ________________
4．serve as　　　　 ________________
5．处于交战状态　　 ________________
6．少于　　　　 ________________
7．no doubt　　　　 ________________
8．works of art　　　　________________
in search of　
belong to　
作为报答；作为回报　
充当；担任　
at war　
less than　
无疑；很可能　
艺术品
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。
This gift was the Amber Room，___________________ ___________________________________.(which引导的定语从句和because引导的原因状语从句)
2．它也是用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品，一批国家最优秀的艺术家用了大约十年的时间才把它完成。
It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels，which __________________________________.(take sb.some time to do sth.)
3．1770年，这间(琥珀)屋按照她的要求完成了。
In 1770 the room was completed _______________________________.(the way＋定语从句)
4．这是在两国交战的时期。
____________________________the two countries were at war.(a time when)
5．毫无疑问，这些箱子后来被装上火车运往哥尼斯堡，当时德国在波罗的海海边的一个城市。
____________________________the boxes were then put on a train for K nigsberg，which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.(There be no doubt that...)
答案：
1．which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it
2．took the country's best artists about ten years to make
3．the way she wanted
4．This was a time when
5．There is no doubt that
Ⅳ.课文理解
Step 1　Fast Reading
Skim the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para. 1　　　 A．The history of the Amber Room
Paras. 2、3 B．The rebuilding of the Amber Room
Para. 4　　　 C．The introduction of the Amber Room
Para. 5 D．The missing of the Amber Room
Step 2　Careful Reading
Ⅰ.Choose the best answers according to the passage.
1. At first，the Amber Room was made ________.
A．as a gift from the King of Prussia to the Russian people
B．for the palace of Peter the Great
C．as a small reception hall for important visitors
D．for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ
2．What did Peter the Great give Frederick William Ⅰ？
A．An Amber room.
B．A beautiful palace.
C．Some big amber.
D．An excellent troop.
3．The Russians didn't hide the Amber Room because ________.
A．they were at war
B．they couldn't find a place
C．the German soldiers arrived too soon
D．no train could take it away
4．The first Russian King to own the Amber Room was ______.
A．Frederick Ⅰ B．Frederick William Ⅰ
C．Peter the Great D．Catherine Ⅱ
5．From the last paragraph，we can infer that ________.
A．the Russians and Germans don't think the Amber Room will be found some day
B．a new Amber Room has been built in St Petersburg, Russia
C．both the Russians and Germans have built new Amber Rooms in their own countries
D．the city of St Petersburg was built in 1705
6．The author introduces the Amber Room in the order of ______.
A．space　 　 B．time　 　
C．importance　 　 D．logic
答案：Step 1　Para. 1　C　Paras. 2、3　A
Para. 4　D　Para. 5　B
Step 2　1～6 DDCCBB
Ⅱ.课文填空
(2014·宁波市高一期末)
The Amber Room was first designed as a palace for Frederick I. When first finished, it was in the f________(1) style and was d________(2) with gold and jewels. Then the next king of Prussia, Frederick William I, gave it to Peter the Great as a gift. In r________(3), he was given a troop of soldiers.
The room s________(4) as a small reception hall at that time. After that, Catherine II, asked her artists to add more d________(5) to the Amber Room, which made it one of the w________(6) of the world. Later, the Amber Room b________(7) to Katherine was missing and it was said to have been stolen by German Nazi. However, what happened to the Amber Room remains a m________(8). Recently, the Amber Room has been r________(9) by the artists by studying old photos of the former one. It was made to c________(10) the 300th birthday of the city of St Petersburg.
答案：
1．fancy　固定搭配in a fancy style用一种奇特的风格；名词style经常和介词in连用。
2．decorated　本句是一个被动语态。固定搭配decorate sth. with sth.用……装饰……。
3．return　固定搭配in return作为回报，后面可以接介词for形成in return for...作为……的回报。
4．served　固定搭配serve as...充当，担任；本句是指这个房间充当小的接待室。
5．details　名词detail细节，Catherine Ⅱ要求这些艺术家加入更多更详细的细节内容。
6．wonders　名词wonder奇观，奇迹；这让the Amber Room成为世界上的奇观之一。
7．belonging　考查分词作定语的用法，动词短语belong to属于，与前面的the Amber Room构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词作定语的用法。
8．mystery　名词mystery谜，无法理解的事物；发生在the Amber Room 身上的事情仍然是一个谜，到现在人们也没有搞清楚。
9．rebuilt　动词rebuild重新建造；本句是一个被动语态的形式。
10．celebrate　动词celebrate庆祝，该词通常是指庆祝一些有纪念意义的日子。
课堂要点探究
1.valuable adj.贵重的；有价值的
The necklace is attractive but not very valuable.
这条项链很吸引人但不是很值钱。
归纳拓展
(1)value n．价值 vt.珍视；重视；估价
be of great value＝be very valuable
(2)valueless adj.无价值的；不值钱的
(3)invaluable adj.极有用的；极宝贵的
①The value of a book does not depend on its size.
一本书是否有价值并不取决于它的大小。
②I always value our friendship.
我一直珍视我们的友谊。
③The painting has been valued at ￡60, 000.
这张画被估价6万英镑。
④The dictionary is of great value to us in our study.
＝The dictionary is very valuable to us in our study.
这本字典对我们的学习很有价值(有用)。
名师点拨
be＋of(＋great)＋抽象名词＝be＋该抽象名词同根的形容词，如be of use/importance/help/interest/benefit＝be useful/important/helpful/interesting/beneficial
活学活用
句型转换
①This piece of advice is important.
＝This piece of advice is ________.
②You'd better have the old vase ________ before you sell it.
A．value B．to be valued
C．valued D．valuing
答案：①of importance
②C　考查句式结构。句意：在你把古花瓶卖掉之前最好找人估一下价。have sth. done意思是“让某人做某事”。
2．survive v.
(1)生存；存活；继续存在
①Camels can survive for many days with no water.
骆驼许多天不喝水还能生存。
②Only 12 of the 140 passengers survived.
140名乘客中只有12人生还。
(2)幸存；幸免于难；挺过；艰难度过
①Only a few houses survived the earthquake.
地震之后只有几所房子残存下来。
②Many birds didn't survive the severe winter.
很多鸟死于这次严冬。
(3)比(某人)长寿
Harry survived his wife by three months.
哈里比他妻子多活了3个月。
归纳拓展
(1)survive sth.　　　幸免于；从……中挺过来/活过来
A survive B(by...)　　　　A比B活得长……
survive on　　　　依靠……生存下来
survive from　　　　从……存活下来；流传下来
(2)survivor　　　　n．幸存者
survival　　　　n．[U]幸存；[C]残存物
巧学助记
串记survive家族
The little girl was the only survivor who survived the strong earthquake. She told the reporter that she had to survive on little food during the days when she was buried. I think her survival is a real wonder.
小女孩是这场大地震的唯一幸存者，她告诉记者她在被埋的日子里只能依靠很少的食物生存，我想她的幸存真的是一个奇迹。
活学活用
完成句子。
①依靠自己的知识他从洪水中幸免于难。
He________his knowledge________the floods.
②由于迟到，他逃过了这场空难(the air crash)。
He____________________because he was late.
③一周前去世的老夫人比她的丈夫多活了20年。
The old lady who died one week ago _________________.
答案：①survived on; from　②survived the air crash　
③survived her husband by 20 years
④Fortunately he survived________the traffic accident.
A．from　　　　 B．in
C．不填 D．out of
答案：C　句意：他很幸运地在车祸之后还能活着。survive本身已经表示“幸存；幸免于”，在此为及物动词，因而不需要再加多余的介词in或from等。
⑤Lucy cut down her daily spending in order to________the financial storm.
A．prevent B．survive
C．keep D．quit
答案：B　题意：为了度过这次金融危机风暴，露西减少了日常开支。survive“挺过，艰难度过”符合句意。
3．amazing adj.令人吃惊的
Frederick William I , the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.
普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
归纳拓展
The girl is watching soldiers raising the national flag at the Tian'anmen Square in amazement.
在天安门广场女孩正惊奇地观看士兵升起国旗。
巧学助记
To his amazement, we were not amazed at his amazing achievements.
让他感到吃惊的是，他的令人吃惊的成绩却没有使得我们大为惊讶。
名师点拨
表示“令人……的”意义的形容词一般用 ing形式，主语多为物；而表示“感到……的”意义的形容词一般用 ed形式，主语多为人。
活学活用
根据汉语提示写出类似的形容词。
①________有趣的→________感兴趣的
②________令人兴奋的→________激动的
③________令人吃惊的→________惊讶的
④________令人失望的→________失望的
⑤________令人担心的→________担心的
⑥________令人满意的→________满意的
选词填空(amaze/amazed/amazing/amazement)。
⑦She stared at us in ________.
⑧What ________ us most was that Bolt could run in such an ________ speed.
⑨He felt ________ when hearing he won the Nobel Prize.
⑩Our spacecraft(航天器) connecting Tiangong I space lab successfully is an ________ achievement.
答案：①interesting；interested　②exciting；excited　
③surprising；surprised　④disappointing；disappointed　
⑤worrying；worried　⑥satisfying；satisfied　⑦amazement
⑧amazed; amazing　⑨amazed　⑩amazing
4．select vt.挑选；选择
①The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow brown colour like honey.
选出来的琥珀色彩艳丽，呈现蜂蜜一样的黄褐色。
②Come and help me select a Christmas tree for the coming Christmas day.
圣诞节即将到来，过来帮我选棵圣诞树吧。
③He was selected from the whole class as a volunteer to serve in the sports meeting.
他被从全班同学中选出来作为志愿者去为运动会服务。
易混辨析
select 强调在广泛的范围内进行“精选或淘汰”，侧重以客观标准进行选择
choose 普通用词，侧重根据个人意愿和判断从众多的对象中进行选择，着重被选者的优点。常与from或between连用
elect 指按照一定的规章或法律，用投票等方式进行认真慎重的选择，常译为“选举”。
巧学助记不一样的“选择”
Mother spent a long time in selecting a few hats for Mary, out of which Mary chose the one she liked best.
母亲花了很长时间给玛丽挑选了几顶帽子，玛丽从中选了一顶她最喜欢的。
活学活用
选词填空(select/choose/elect)。
①Obama was ________ American president again in 2012.
②There are five pairs of shoes to ________from.
③He spent several hours on searching and ________.
答案：①elected　②choose　③selecting
5．design
(1)n. 设计；图案；构思
①The magazine will appear in a new design from next month.
从下月起这本杂志将以新的设计问世。
②The new and original designs for gardens attracted the experts.
别具一格的新型花园设计方案引起了专家们的注意。
(2)vt. 设计；计划；构思
①Can anyone design a better timetable
有人能定出更好的时间表吗？
②This weekend party was designed to bring the two musicians together.
这次周末聚会的用意是使两位音乐家见面。
归纳拓展
(1)by design 有意地 by accident 无意地
We shall never know whether this happened by accident or by design.
我们永远也不会知道这件事是个意外还是事先安排的。
活学活用
完成句子。
①你认为这起交通事故是意外呢，还是有意为之？
Do you think the traffic accident was caused by accident or ？
②这间房子是专为孩子们设计的。
This room the children.
③这课程是为想出国的人员提供帮助而设计的。
This course of study those who are wishing to go abroad.
答案：①by design　②was designed for　③is designed to help
6．fancy
(1)adj. 奇特的；异样的
My new roommate has a lot of fancy clothes.
我的新室友有很多奇特的衣服。
(2)v. 想象；设想；爱好
①I don't fancy swimming in that river.
我不喜欢在那条河里游泳。
②I just can't fancy his doing such a thing.
我简直不能想象他会做出这种事来。
③Fancy working every day!
要想想，每天都得工作呀！
(3)n.想像(力)；想要；爱好
She said she wanted a dog, but it was only a passing fancy.
她说想要一条狗，但这不过是一时心血来潮。
归纳拓展
(1)fancy sb./sth. as/to be...认为……是……
fancy (sb.'s) doing sth.　　　　想象(某人)做某事
fancy doing...　　　　真想不到……(常用于祈使句)
fancy that 　　　　认为/以为……
(2)have a fancy for　　　　爱好
catch/take sb.'s fancy 　　　　合某人的心意；吸引某人
take a fancy to sb./sth.　　　　喜欢上某人/物
活学活用
介词填空。
①I have a fancy ________ reading Mo Yan's novel.
②He seemed to have taken quite a fancy ________ her.
③She fancies herself ________ a singer but she doesn't have a very good voice.
④He usually appears to be honest. Who can fancy ______ such a thing!
A．his do B．his doing
C．his to do D．done
答案：①for　②to　③as/to be
④B　考查fancy的用法。句意：他通常表现得诚实，谁能想象他会做这样一件事呢！fancy one's doing sth.想象某人做某事，故选B。
7．remove
(1)移开，拿开，去掉
Our office has removed to Shanghai from Beijing.
我们的办公室已从北京迁到上海。
(2)脱下(衣服等)
Come and remove your wet coat.
过来把你的湿上衣脱掉。
(3)去除；排除(污渍、不愉快的事物等)；使消失
The news removed any doubts about the company's future.
这个消息消除了一切有关公司未来的疑虑。
(4)免除；解除(职务等)
The officer must be removed(from his position)．
那个军官必须(从他的职位上)撤掉。
巧学助记
活学活用
用remove, move的适当形式填空。
①She________the painting to another wall.
②The man was________from the office for some reason.
③He rang all his friends as soon as he________in.
④She________her hat and coat.
⑤How did you________ink from the clothes
A．remove B．move
C．get D．bring
答案：①moved　②removed　③moved　④removed
⑤A　remove ink from the clothes意为“把衣服上的墨迹去掉”。
8．doubt
(1)n. 疑惑；疑问；不确定；不相信
①There's some doubt about the best way to do it.
这件事怎么做才是最佳方法有点拿不准。
②I have no doubt that you will succeed.
我肯定你能成功。
(2)v.
①对……无把握；不能肯定；认为……未必可能
I doubt if that was what he wanted.
我不知道那是不是他想要的。
②怀疑；不相信；不信任
I am not afraid of him, but I doubt him.
我不怕他，但我不信任他。
归纳拓展
(1)There's no doubt that/about/of...毫无疑问……
in doubt　　　　怀疑，拿不定主意
no/without/beyond doubt　　　　无疑地，必定，当然
(2)doubtful adj.　　　　怀疑的
活学活用
用适当的连词填空。
①We doubt ________ he is honest.
②I don't doubt ________ he will succeed in passing the exam.
③There is no doubt ________ more and more people prefer shopping online nowadays.
答案：①whether/if　②that　③that
④(2012·江苏) There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, ________？
A．is there　　　
B．isn't there
C．is he 　　　　
D．isn't he
答案：A　考查反意疑问句。little是否定词，所以附加疑问句要用肯定形式，本句的主语是there，故A项正确。
⑤(2014·舟山高一检测)I have no doubt in my mind ________ they will be glad to see me.
A．if B．whether
C．that D．about
答案：C　句意：毫无疑问他们见到我会很高兴。have no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”。
9．worth prep. 值得的；相当于……的价值
n．价值；作用　adj.[古]值钱的
①Is it worth rebuilding lost cultural relics such as the Amber Room or Yuanmingyuan in Beijing
重建琥珀屋或北京的圆明园这些已经消失的文化古迹值得吗？
②You may not succeed, but it is worth a try.
你可能不会成功，但(这)值得一试。
③The new car cost me a large sum of money, but it was really worth it.
这辆新车花去了我一大笔钱，但却真的物有所值。
归纳拓展
worth
be worth＋n. 值得……，值……
be worth doing sth. 某事值得被做
it's worth it 是值得的
worth一般只作表语，可用well修饰
名师点拨
(1)worth不能用very修饰，但可用well或really修饰， 表示“很值得”。
This movie is well worth watching again.
这部电影很值得再看一次。
(2)be worth后面可接名词或动名词，但不能接不定式。接动名词时用主动形式表示被动意义。
He said that the picture was not worth buying.
他说这幅画不值得买。
活学活用
完成句子。
①这本小说很值得读。
This novel is ________________________.
②去之前预约一下是值得的。
__________________ making an appointment before you go.
答案：①well worth reading　②It's worth
③—What do you think of the book
—Oh, excellent. It's worth ________ a second time.
A．to be read B．of being read
C．reading D．to read
答案：C　句意为：——你认为这本书怎样？——哦，好极了。值得再看一次。be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，为固定句型。故C项正确。
10．decorate vt. 装饰；装修
We decorated the Christmas tree with lights.
我们用灯来装饰圣诞树。
名师点拨
decorate不接双宾语，而采用decorate sth. with sth.结构。
[译]墙上装饰有几幅画。
[误]Some pictures were decorated on the wall.
[正]The wall was decorated with some pictures.
归纳拓展
decoration n. [C]装饰品
decorator n. [C]油漆匠；装潢工
活学活用
用decorate的适当形式填空
①We ______________ our car with ribbon.
②She put some ________ on the Christmas tree.
答案：①decorated　②decorations
11.in search of寻找
①I looked everywhere in search of my glasses.
我到处找我的眼镜。
②He went to the south in search of a better job.
他去南方寻找更好的工作。
归纳拓展
(1)search前若有one's或the，后面的介词常用for，即in one's/the search for寻找……。
Many people joined them in the search for gold.
许多人加入到他们之中寻找金子。
(2)search sb.搜某人的身。
The police searched him to see if he had a gun.
警察搜了他的身，看看他是否带着枪。
(3)search (sb./sth.) for sb./sth. (为了某人/某物而)搜查某人/某物。
They searched the whole house for the map.
他们搜遍了整座房子找那张地图。
(4)search for　寻找(＝look for)
The baby asks for attention by crying and searching for food with its mouth.
婴儿通过哭闹、用嘴寻找食物来引起注意。
活学活用
完成句子。
(1)警察正在搜捕这个抢劫犯。
The police are __________________ the robber.
(2)他们立刻启程去寻找这个丢失的女孩。
They started off at once ________ the missing girl.
(3)警察对这个抢劫犯进行了搜身。
The police ________ the robber.
答案：(1)searching for/in search of/in their search for　(2)in search of/in their search for　(3)searched
12．belong to 属于
①However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William Ⅰ， to whom the amber room belonged,_decided not to keep it.
然而，下一位普鲁士国王，腓特烈·威廉一世，这个琥珀屋的主人却决定不要它了。
②There are all kinds of shoes and boots belonging_to everyone from queens and presidents to pop stars and actors!
从女王、总统到流行歌星、演员等，这儿都有属于他们的鞋子和靴子！
名师点拨
(1)belong to表示“是……的财产；是……的组成部分；是……的成员(属于)”。
(2)belong还可用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面，如in, on, among, under, with等，表示“某人/某物处在适当的位置；在这个地方正合适/有用”。
(3)belong to既不用于进行时态，也不用于被动语态。to是介词，后接名词或代词作宾语。
I did not belong_among these people.
我同这些人格格不入。
活学活用
完成句子。
①This chair ____________ the living room.
这把椅子适合放在起居室里。
②China is a country which ____________ the developing countries.
中国属于发展中国家。
③She ____________ the tennis club.
她是网球俱乐部成员。
④The black car ____________.
那辆黑色小汽车是他的。
答案：①belongs in　②belongs to　③belongs to 　④belongs to him
⑤The chairs and desks in the classroom ________ to our school.
A．belong B．are belonging
C．are belonged D．belonged
答案：A　句意：教室里的椅子和书桌都是属于我们学校的。belong to “属于”，表示状态，不能用于进行时和被动语态；此处表示目前的情况，应用一般现在时。
13．in return作为报答；作为回报
①He is always helping people without expecting anything in return.
他一向不求任何回报地帮助他人。
②You gave me your watch and in return I gave you my book.
你把手表给我了，作为回报，我把书送给你。
归纳拓展
(1)in return for 作为对……的回报
I invited him to dinner in return for his kindness.
为了报答他的好心，我请他吃了晚饭。
(2)in turn
①依次；逐个
The girls called out their names in turn.
那些女孩儿逐一报出自己的名字。
②轮流地；交替地
Sam and I rode the bike in turn.
我和萨姆轮着骑自行车。
③相应地；转而
Increased production will, in turn lead to increased profits.
增加生产会继而增加利润。
活学活用
①(2014·浙江，10)While staying in the village, James unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything ________.
A．in return B．in common
C．in turn D．in place
答案：A　本题考查介词短语意义辨析。句意：在村子里呆着的时候，詹姆斯不要任何回报无私地跟村民们共享他拥有的东西。in return作为回报；in common共有；in turn反过来；in place在恰当的位置。由关键信息unselfishly share和without asking for anything可知，此处表示“不要任何回报”。故A项正确。
②(2010·江西)We give enough time, space and love we can spare, and______， dogs give us their all.
A．in all B．in fact
C．in short D．in return
答案：D　句意：我们把能给予的时间、空间和爱都花在了狗身上。作为回报，狗也向我们奉献出一切。in all“总共”；in fact“事实上”；in short“简言之”；in return“作为回报”。
③A clean environment can help the city bid for the Olympics, which________will promote its economic development.
A．in measure B．in return
C．in turn D．in fact
答案：C　句意：清洁的环境有助于一个城市申办奥运会；继而促进当地的经济发展。in turn表示“(＝as a result of sth.in series of events)相应地；转而”。
④People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, and this______creates further problems.
A．in short B．in case
C．in doubt D．in turn
答案：D　句意：人们试图使用私家车来避免公共交通延迟，但这又相应地产生了更深层次的问题。 in turn表示“(＝as a result of sth. in series of events)相应地；转而”。
14．serve as充当；担任(＝work as/act as)
①The general had served as a soldier in the earlier wars.
在早期的战争中，这位将军曾当过士兵。
②The sofa will serve as a bed for a night or two.
沙发可以当床凑合一两夜。
③The judge said the punishment would serve as a warning to others.
法官说这种惩罚将起到杀一儆百的作用。
活学活用
We went to Canada to travel and my cousin ________ as our guide.
A．played B．showed
C．served D．performed
答案：C　serve as“担当，充当，担任”，固定短语。句意为：我们去加拿大旅行，我的表弟担当我们的导游。根据句意，C项正确。
15．at war处于交战状态
归纳拓展
介词at意为“处于……的状态”；常见的表达：
at peace 处于和平状态
at rest 静止
at breakfast 在吃早饭
at table 在吃饭
at work 在工作
at play 在玩耍
at school 在上学
at sea 在航海
at church 正在做礼拜
活学活用
(2014·东北师大附中高一上期末)There was______time when the two countries were at________war.
A．the; / B．the; the
C．a; / D．a; a
答案：C　考查冠词。There was a time when...“曾经有一段时间……”；at war“交战”，是固定词组。
16．less than少于
Why are you late It's less_than 10 minutes' walk from your home to the school.
你为什么迟到？从你家到学校只有步行不到10分钟的路程。
归纳拓展
more than多于；不仅仅
other than除了
rather than而不是
易混辨析
易混短语 辨析 例句
no less than “多达”“有……之多”(强调数量之多，其意思相当于as much as) He has no less than 1,000 dollars. 他拥有一千美元之多。
not less than “至少”(一般不与感叹词连用) He has not less than 1,000 dollars. 他至少有一千美元。
活学活用
①I used to earn ________ than a pound a week when I first started to work.
A．a little B．a few
C．fewer D．less
答案：D　句意为：最初我开始工作的时候，一周的收入不到一英镑。less是little的比较级，less than“少于”；a little通常用以修饰不可数名词，作副词时不与than连用；few和a few通常修饰可数名词。
②—Anything to drink What about coffee
—Er... I think I'll have a cold drink ________ coffee.
A．other than B．more than
C．less than D．rather than
答案：D　句意为：——喝点什么？咖啡怎么样？——呃……我想我要喝一杯冷饮而不是咖啡。other than“除了”；more than“多于”；less than“少于”；rather than“而不是”，根据句意选D项。
17.Frederick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history.
普鲁士国王腓特烈·威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼竟会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。
句式分析
(1)本句是含有宾语从句的主从复合句。主句的主语是Frederick William I，其后的the King of Prussia作主语的同位语。could never have imagined是主句的谓语，其结构是“情态动词＋have done”，表示对过去情况的推测、批评、反悔等。that引导宾语从句，充当imagine的宾语。to the Russian people是介词短语作定语，修饰从句主语gift。
(2)could never/not have done表示对过去发生的事情的否定推测。
Last night he was doing homework together with me. He couldn't have gone to the cinema.
昨晚他和我一起做作业。他不可能去看电影。
归纳拓展
must have done表示对过去情况肯定性的推测，“过去一定做过某事”。
should/ought to have done表示“过去本来应该做某事”，而实际上没有做。
shouldn't have done表示“过去本来不应该做某事”，而实际上做了。
needn't have done表示“过去本来不必做某事”，但事实上已做过了。
could have done表示“过去本来能够做某事”，但事实上却没做。
You needn't have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my house.
你本来不必打车来这里的，因为那里离我家很近。
活学活用
完成句子。
①昨晚一定下过雨了，因为道路很泥泞。
It __________________________ last night, for the road was quite muddy.
②你本该早些告诉我，现在我们怎么办？
You __________________ me earlier. What shall we do now
③当时时间充足，我们本不必那么匆忙的。
There was plenty of time. We __________________.
④史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还见过他。
Mr. Smith ____________________ to Beijing, for I saw him just now.
⑤他本来可以逃走的，但他选择留下来战斗。
He ____________________， but he chose to stand and fight.
⑥(2014·陕西，25)My book, The House of Hades, is missing. Who ________ have taken it
A．need B．must
C．should D．could
答案：①must have rained　②should have told　
③needn't have hurried　④can't have gone　⑤could have escaped
⑥D　本题考查“情态动词＋have done”的用法。句意：我的书《哈迪斯之屋》不见了。会是谁把它拿走了呢？need have done sth.本来有必要做某事而没做；must have done sth.一定做过某事，只用于肯定句中， 表示非常肯定的推测；should have done sth.本来应该做某事，但实际上没做。根据句意可知，这是对过去情况的推测，而且该句是疑问句，所以选择D项could。
18．This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.
这件礼物就是琥珀屋，它之所以有这个名字，是因为造这间房子用了好几吨的琥珀。
句式分析
(1)
(2)在because引导的原因状语从句中，由于不可数名词amber前面使用了量词“ton”的复数形式，故其谓语动词使用了were 。
活学活用
仿写句子。
①这就是大衣哥(Overcoat Brother)，他之所以有这个名字是因为他在唱歌时(when singing)总是穿着(wear)一件大衣。
_________________________________________________
_________________________________________________
②自从上个月以来，已经用光了数百万吨的煤。
_________________________________________________
答案：①This is Overcoat Brother, who is given this name because he is always wearing an overcoat when singing.
②Millions of tons of coal have been used up since last month.
19.Later, Catherine Ⅱ had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.
后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣彼得堡郊外她避暑的宫殿中。
句式分析
(1)本句是主从复合句。where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a palace；outside St Petersburg是介词短语作后置定语，修饰a palace。
①This is the place where I hid the key.
这是我藏钥匙的地方。
②China is a country with a long history.
中国是一个历史悠久的国家。
(2)have sth. done 使某事被做；让别人做某事
①I want to have my bicycle repaired.
我想找人修理我的自行车。
②The boy had his clothes washed.
这个男孩让别人给他洗衣服。
注意：have sth. done还可以表示“遭遇(不幸)”。
She had her bike stolen.
她的自行车被偷了。
归纳拓展
(1)have＋宾语＋现在分词
①使……持续发生或进行
She had us laughing all through the meal.
她使我们在吃饭期间笑个不停。
②表示预期的目标
Don't worry about your legs. We'll soon have you walking.
别为你的腿担忧。我们将很快让你能够行走。
③表示不愿引起的后果
You would have everyone laughing at you if you did such a thing.
如果你做了这样的一件事情，人们会嘲笑你的。
④(与won't/can't连用) 表示不能容忍
George, I won't have you shouting at me that way!
乔治，我不允许你那样对我大吵大叫！
(2)have＋宾语＋(不带to的)不定式　让某人做某事
①I have my children clean the house before you arrive.
在你们来之前，我让孩子们把屋子打扫干净了。(主动的动作，已经发生)
②We'll have Alice attend that meeting with him.
我们将让艾丽斯与他一起参加那个会议。(主动的动作，尚未发生)
③Our manager won't have us criticize his work.
我们经理不许我们批评他的工作。(主动的动作，无时间概念)
活学活用
①With the world changing fast, we have something new________with all by ourselves every day.
A．deal　　　　 B．dealt
C．to deal D．dealing
答案：C　考查非谓语动词。因为逻辑上to deal和主语为主谓关系，因此本句用不定式作定语修饰something new。
②We had an anxious couple of weeks________for the results of the experiment.
A．wait B．to be waiting
C．waited D．waiting
答案：D　句意：我们在焦虑不安中度过了几周的时间，等待实验结果。本题考查现在分词短语担任方式或伴随状语，表示一个与谓语动作同时发生的主动动作。
③—Excuse me sir, where is Room 301
—Just a minute. I'll have Bob________you to your room.
A．show B．shows
C．to show D．showing
答案：A　句意：——打扰一下，先生，301房间在哪儿？——请稍等一会儿。我让鲍勃带你去房间。本题考查“have＋宾语＋(不带to的)不定式”句式，表示“让某人做某事”。
④Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English______in a short period.
A．improved B．improving
C．to improve D．improve
答案：A　句意：珍妮希望史密斯先生提出一个短期内能使其书面英语水平得到提高的好方法。本题考查“have＋宾语＋过去分词”结构。名词her written English与动作improve之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
20．In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted.
1770年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。
句式分析
(1)这是一个主从复合句；定语从句she wanted修饰先行词way，其前省略了连接词that/in which。
(2)句中the way作状语，其前省略了in；含有way的短语，如in the same way, in this/that way, in another way等用于句末时，in常省略。
①Not all students make the mistake in the same way.
并不是所有的学生都是以同种方式犯这种错误。
②I like the way(in which/that) the teacher gives his lessons.
我喜欢那位老师授课的方式。
名师点拨
当先行词是way(方式)时，引导词的使用有两种情况：
①若引导词在从句中作状语，可用that/in which或省略。
②若引导词在从句中作主语、宾语，可用that/which引导，有时也可省略(作宾语时)。
活学活用
用定语从句完成句子。
①游泳是健体强身的最好办法。
Swimming is the best way ________________.
②我不喜欢他那样看着我。
I don't like the way ________________________.
答案：①that can build up your body
②(that/in which/省略) he looks at me
21．After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery.
从那以后，琥珀屋的去处便成了一个谜。
句式分析
(1)本句为主从复合句。what happened to the Amber Room是一个由what引导的主语从句，what在主语从句中充当主语。
What he has said is of great importance.
他所说的十分重要。
(2)remain用作连系动词时，其后可以跟名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式和介词短语作表语。
Tom became a judge while he remained a fisherman.
汤姆变成一个法官，然而他依然是个渔夫。
活学活用
完成句子。
①____________________was a rumor.
网上所流传的是个谣言。
②____________the old man last night __________________.
昨天晚上那个老人发生了什么仍没人知道。
③What caused the accident and who was responsible for it ________ a mystery.
A．is remained B．are remained
C．remains D．remain
④________ caused the car accident is still a complete mystery.
A．What B．That
C．How D．Where
答案：①What spread on the Internet　②What happened to; remained unknown
③D　句意：是什么导致了这场事故，谁将为这场事故负责仍然是个谜。remain作为系动词，无被动语态，故A、B两项错误；题干中的主语由两部分构成，故应选D。
④A　句意：引起车祸的原因还完全是一个谜。what引导主语从句，相当于the thing that, what在从句中作主语。
课堂达标验收
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．All the residents (居民) except one girl ________ the collapse of the building.(survive)
2．Heavy rain is ________ seen in this area. (rare)
3．I feel that that period in my life was extremely ________.(value)
4．All the audience were ________ at his ________ experience. (amaze)
5．Who is the ________ of the CCTV building？(design)
6．Many hotels' architecture adopted the Tibetan style but was ________ inside with modern equipment. (decorate)
7．China is a country ________ to the third world. (belong)
8．Honored guests were ________ in the magnificent ________ hall. (receive)
9．He loved ________ and became an ________ in the end. (art)
10．Have you read ________ works of Lu Xun (select)
答案：1.survived　2.rarely　3.valuable　4.amazed；amazing　5.designer　6.decorated　7.belonging　8.received; reception　9.art；artist　10.selected
Ⅱ.选短语填空(注意用适当形式)
belong to，be designed for， less than，in search of， serve as，be at war，be decorated with，in return
1．At night the coat ________ his bedclothes.
2．I noticed that almost every house ________ lights on Christmas Eve.
3．I am here ________ one of my old friends.
4．The policeman wondered whom the car ________.
5．Do something for somebody without expecting anything ________.
6．The library assistant explained that the book ________ ________ English beginners.
7．Britain and Germany ________ at that time.
8．________ twenty people attend his wedding party.
答案：1.served as　2.was decorated with　3.in search of　4.belonged to　5.in return　6.was designed for　7.were at war　8.Less than
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．________ ________ ________ ________ ________(毫无疑问)he will be successful. (doubt)
2．I have never ________ ________ ________(想到会见到你) in such bad weather. (fancy)
3．You ________ ________ ________(不可能见到) Mr Liu in the market this morning, for he went to Shanghai yesterday afternoon. (could)
4．This plan ________ ________ ________(值得试一试). (worth)
5．This book ________ ________ ________(为……而设计) college students. (design)
答案：1. There is no doubt that　2.fancied meeting you　
3．couldn't have met　4.is worth trying　5.is designed for
Ⅳ.单项填空
1．Every experience is ________， and you should value it.
A．of great value B．valued
C．great valuable D．valueless
答案：A　考查词语用法。句意：每一次经历都是很有价值的，你应该重视它。of great value相当于very valuable。B项意思是“被估价；受到重视”；C项great不能修饰形容词；D项valueless意思是“无价值的；不值钱的”。
2．He has given me so much help that I really want to do some for him ________.
A．in turn B．by turns
C．in return D．in answer
答案：C　考查短语辨析。句意：他给了我很多帮助，以至于我真的想为他做些事作为报答。in return作为回报，符合语境。
3．(2013·辽宁高考)________ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
A．By means of B．On behalf of
C．In search of D．For fear of
答案：B　考查介词短语辨析。句意：我代表这里所有的人祝你回国旅途愉快。A项“通过……方法”；B项“代表”；C项“寻找”；D项“唯恐，害怕”。
4．—Do you know where David is I couldn't find him anywhere.
—Well. He ________ have gone far—his coat is still here.
A．shouldn't B．mustn't
C．can't D．wouldn't
答案：C　考查情态动词。根据语境“他的外套还在这儿”可以判断“他不可能走远”。can't相当于couldn't，表示推断，后者更委婉。
5．(2014·雅安高一检测)The ________ expression on her face suggested she was ________ when she heard the news.
A．amazing; amazed B．amazed; amazing
C．amazed; amazed D．amazing; amazing
答案：C　考查amaze的用法。句意：她脸上惊讶的表情表明当她听到这个消息的时候是惊讶的。修饰人的表情常用动词 ed形式的形容词，而修饰人时也常用 ed形式，表示“感到……的”。
6．There is no doubt ________ he will finish the task in time.
A．which B．that
C．if D．whether
答案：B　考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问他会及时完成这项任务。There is no doubt that...毫无疑问。
7．All the streets were ________ with flowers and red flags to celebrate the National Day.
A．covered B．crowded
C．supplied D．decorated
答案：D　考查词语辨析。句意：所有的街道都用鲜花和红旗装饰起来庆祝国庆节。be decorated with用……装饰。A、B、C三项不符合语境及逻辑。
8．The chess club ________ I belong has decided to send me to South Korea to take part in a friendly competition.
A．of which B．to which
C．which D．on which
答案：B　考查定语从句。句意：我所属的国际象棋俱乐部决定派我到韩国参加友谊赛。该句由“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，belong to是固定搭配，表示“属于”。
9．It is said that the software(软件) on learning subjects for pupils ________ in a very practical way.
A．designed B．is designed
C．designs D．is designing
答案：B　考查design的时态和语态。句意：据说，这款小学生的学习软件是以一种非常实用的方式设计的。根据句意design应该使用被动语态；由句子的主语the software可知design应该使用第三人称单数。
10．________ is obviously right is to give all children equal opportunities to develop their special gift.
A．It B．As
C．That D．What
答案：D　考查主语从句的连接词。句意：很明显，正确的做法是给所有的孩子平等的机会来发展他们的特殊才能。what引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。
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