课件52张PPT。Unit 1 A land of diversityUnit 1 California
California, a state in the western United States, borders the Pacific Ocean. The third largest state in the Union, California covers an area of great physical diversity in which uplands dominate the landscape. The mountains, hills, ridges, and peaks of California border the coastline, rise to nearly 4,600 meters in the towering Sierra Nevada, encircle the great fertile basin of the Central Valley, and separate the desert into innumerable basins. However, despite the physical dominance and economic value of the uplands, California's urban areas and economic production are concentrated in the valleys and lowlands, such as in the huge metropolitan region centered on Los Angeles, the state's largest and the nation's second largest city. Manufacturing, agriculture, and related activities are the principal sources of income. They are based in large part on the state's wealth of natural resources, its productive farmlands, its large and highly skilled labor force, and its ability to market its output both at home and abroad.
The name California was first used to designate the region by the Spanish expedition led by Juan, as it sailed northward along the coast from Mexico in 1542. The name itself was probably derived from a popular Spanish novel published in 1510 in which a fictional island paradise named California was described. The state's official nickname is the Golden State, referring to the gold rush, which played a central role in California's entry into the Union on September 9,1850, as the 31st state. The nickname also suggests the state's golden fields and sunshine.Section Ⅰ Warming Up and Reading 栏目导航Ⅰ.Read the text and match the main idea with each paragraph.
Part Ⅰ（Para.1）：A.The future of California.
Part Ⅱ（Para.2~8）：B.Brief introduction to California.
Part Ⅲ（Para.9）：C.The history about people from differentcountries moved to California.
答案：Part Ⅰ：B Part Ⅱ：C Part Ⅲ：A
Ⅱ.Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1.Which of the following doesn't belong to the characteristics of California?
A.It has the largest population of America.
B.It's the most multicultural state.
C.It has the best climate and lifestyle.
D.It's the third largest state in the USA.
答案：C
2.From the third paragraph, we can learn that .
A.the majority of Native Americans were religious
B.California got rid of the Spanish government in 1846
C.the Spanish spent over 200 years taking control of the US
D.nearly half of Californians speak Spanish as a first language
答案：B
3.What's mainly discussed in Paragraph 6~7?
A.The different immigrants and their life in California.
B.The reason why immigrants came to California.
C.The nationalities of immigrants and the time of their arrival.
D.What the immigrants did to American's society.
答案：C
4. ______has attracted people from India and Pakistan to California.
A.Drugs B.Gold
C.Medicine D.Computer industry
答案：D
5.Which of the following is TRUE?
A.The first people arrived in California fifteen thousand years ago.
B.Adventurers from all over the world achieved their gold dreams and returned home.
C.In 1821, the people of California gained their independence from Mexico.
D.Nowadays, people immigrate to California for its nice climate and lifestyle.
答案：DⅢ.Fill in the blanks in the following passage according to the text.
California is the third 1.________(large) state in the USA but has the largest population. At 2._______(vary) times, people from different countries in the world have immigrated to California.
It is likely 3._______ the first settlers came to California by means 4.______a land bridge at least 15,000 years ago. In the 16th century, Europeans arrived and forced thousands of the native people 5._______ slavery. In the 18th century, California was ruled by Spain. That's 6._______ today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. In 1842, the people of Mexico gained their 7.___________(independent) from Spain and California became part of Mexico. largestvariousthatof intowhyindependenceHowever, in 1846, the United States 8.________(declare) war on Mexico and won the war, so California had to be given to the United States. In the early 1800s, Russians began settling in California. In 1848, gold was discovered in California, 9.________attracted people who had the dream of becoming rich. In fact, few achieved their dreams. Many died or returned home, but most remained in California to make 10._______ life for themselves. In 1850, California became the thirty?first state of the United States.declaredwhichaPoint ? distinction n.差别；区分；卓著；特质；特点考点一 单词点击①It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world.(教材P1)
加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。draw／make a distinction （between A and B）
把（A与B）区别开
have the distinction of doing sth.有……特点;不同凡响
without distinction无差别地；一视同仁地②It is important to draw／make a distinction between the two options.
把这两个选项加以区别是十分重要的。
③We should make／draw a distinction between right and wrong.
我们应该分清是非。
④He has the distinction of being very generous to those in need.
他卓尔不群，对那些需要帮助的人慷慨善良。
distinct adj.清晰的；明显的；明确的
be distinct in/from…在某方面与……不同⑤There is a distinct improvement in her pronunciation.
她的发音有了明显的进步。
⑥Those two suggestions are quite distinct from each other.
那两个建议截然不同。单句语法填空。
(1)The two essays are distinct from each other_____ style.
解析：句意：这两篇散文在风格上不同，考查短语be distinct from…in…在……方面与……不同。
(2)We must make a distinction _________ freedom and licence(放纵).
解析：句意：我们必须区分自由和放纵。make a distinction between…and…把……与……区别开。inbetween
a means of communication 一种通讯/交流工具
by means of…用……办法；借助……
by this means 用这种方法
by all means 务必，一定，当然可以
by any means 无论如何，以一切可能的手段
by no means 决不，一点也不（位于句首时，句子用部分倒装）②Millions of Chinese rely on bicycles as their important means of transportation.
自行车是数百万中国人赖以出行的重要交通工具。
③By all means, drink plenty of water while exercising.
当然，锻炼的时候多喝水。
④Her films are by no means as simple as they may have first appeared.
她的电影绝不可能像乍一看起来那么简单。
method, way, means, approach与manner
(1)method指有系统、有条理地办事或解决问题的方法。尤指有次序的、有计划的方法，较正式，常和介词of搭配。
(2)way是常用词，可指一般的方法，有时也指个人的方法或方式，也可指特殊的方式或方法，常和介词in搭配。
(3)means 指为达到某种目的或目标而采用的方法、手段或途径，常和介词by搭配。
(4)approach 指从事某事的特别方法、途径，常与介词to搭配使用。单句改错。
(1)Every possible means have been tried, but none of them works.
解析：句意：可能的方法都试过，但没有起作用，every修饰means, means这里是单数意义，故谓语动词用单数。
(2)I've tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ∧the teacher is satisfied with my progress.
用means, way, method, approach填空。
解析：句意：我很努力地想提高英语，但是我的老师对我的进步一点也不满意。by no means决不，位于句首，句子要用部分倒装。hasis(3)These vegetables can be cooked in different_______ .
解析：句意：蔬菜可以用不同的方法烹饪。in different ways用不同的方法。
(4)We express our thoughts by_______ of words.
解析：句意：我们用语言表达我们的思想，by means of通过；借助。waysmeans(5)The _______of teaching needs improving.
解析：句意：教学方法需要改进。the method of teaching教学方法。
(6)We have a very communicative _________ to teaching languages.
解析：句意：我们在语言教学中非常强调交际教学法。an approach to………的方法。method approachPoint ? majority n.大多数；大半the majority of ……的大多数
in a/the majority 占大多数
have a majority over sb.拥有多数……；战胜某人
(1) major adj.主要的；重要的；较多的
v.专修；主攻
major in主修
(2) minor adj.较少的
minority n.少数④At the meeting, young people were in the majority.
在会上，年轻人占大多数。
⑤The majority of the damage is easy to repair.(the majority of后接不可数名词)
大部分损害是容易补救的。
⑥She majored in history while at college.
她在大学里主修的是历史。单句语法填空。
(1)The majority of the damage _______(be) easy to repair.
解析：句意：大多数的损毁是容易修理的。damage当“损坏”讲时为不可数名词，作主语谓语动词用单数。
(2)One-third of the country_____ (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _____(be) black people.
解析：句意：这个国家的三分之一国土被树木覆盖，而且大多数居民是黑人。分数、百分比以及the minority of等结构中谓语动词的单复数取决于谓语动词前面的名词的单复数。the country是单数，而the citizens是复数。is/wasisarePoint ? elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人
【注意】在“elect+sb.+职务”结构中，表示职务的名词前不加冠词。常见的职务名词有：monitor, mayor, chairman, president, captain等。
election n.选举；推举；当选
run for an election 参加竞选
win the election 赢得选举⑤The labour Party won the 2016 election by a huge majority.
工党以绝对优势赢得了2016年选举。单句语法填空。
(1)The purpose of this meeting is _______(elect) a new chairman.
解析：句意：会议的目的就是选一位新主席。考查句型The purpose of…is to do sth.“目的是……”，不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。
(2)Have you heard about the recent________ (elect)?
解析：句意：你听说了最近的选举吗？形容词recent修饰名词，故用election。to electelectionPoint ? boom
（1）n.（人口、贸易的）繁荣；（工商业、经济等的）迅速发展；（价格、股票等的）暴涨
①The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people.(教材P3)
这个新兴的行业吸引了欧洲人，包括许多犹太人。
②baby boom生育高峰期
③The oil market is enjoying a boom.
石油市场欣欣向荣。
④How long can the present business boom last?
目前这种商业繁荣能持续多久？（2）vi.处于经济迅速发展时期；蓬勃发展
⑤Business has been booming since I enlarged the shop.
自从我扩大商店经营以来，生意一直兴隆。
⑥Stocks boomed yesterday.
股票昨天暴涨了。
booming adj.兴旺的，繁荣的；大受欢迎的⑦booming income 高收入
⑧booming market 繁荣的市场单句语法填空。
(1)Web commerce in China_________________ (boom) within recent years as buyers switch to the Internet for better deals from more reliable suppliers and reasonable prices.
解析：句意：最近几年，网络贸易在中国逐渐火爆，消费者上网可以买到自己想要的和价格合理的商品。
单句改错。
(2)Our town is having such∧boom that it is likely to double its size in two years.has been boominga考点二 短语诠释
live by靠（手段、方式）为生
live with容忍，忍受
live up to符合，不辜负(希望)
live a(n)…life过着一种……的生活
live through经历……而幸存用由live构成的短语的适当形式填空。
（1）Even though Father Christmas is no longer living, his spirit of generosity _______ today.
（2）My grandfather_____________ both world wars.
（3）We should work hard and try to __________ our parents' expectations.
（4）The brave girl is learning to _________ her disability.lives onlived throughlive up tolive withPoint ? make a life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
①Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship.(教材P2)
许多人死了或回家了，但是尽管条件十分艰苦，多数人仍然留在了加利福尼亚靠劳作谋生。
②True masters are those who have chosen to make a life rather than a living.
真正杰出的人是那些选择怎样生活而不是怎样生存的人。
(1)bring sb./sth.to life使某物更生动；使某人/某物苏醒
lead/live a…life过着……的生活
devote one's life to sth./doing sth.献身于、致力于某事/做某事
come to life 苏醒过来；恢复生机；变得活跃
(2)make/earn a living谋生
make a fortune 赚一大笔钱
make it 成功；准时到达；渡过难关
make up化妆；编造；组成；补足；和解选用以上短语的适当形式填空。
(1)She had been absent from school for two weeks, so she naturally had a lot of homework ____________.
(2)After several ups and downs, it finally ________ to publication, and I was so happy to receive the overwhelming support of my readers.
(3)In education, we are striving not to teach youth to make a living, but ___________.to make upmade itto make a lifePoint ? keep up坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）；鼓起（勇气）
①In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture.(教材P2)
1911年，丹麦的移民建立了自己的城镇，至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。
②I hope the fine weather will keep up.
我希望好天气继续下去。
③You're all doing a splendid job;keep up the good work!
你们干得都很出色,要坚持下去!
④I'm afraid no one can keep up if we continue to work so hard.
再这样拼命工作下去，恐怕大家都会撑不住的。
keep on 继续
keep up with 赶上；不落后
keep out （of…）不让……进入
keep （sb./sth.） away （from sb./sth.）使……不靠近……
keep sb./sth.from doing sth.阻止某人/某物做某事⑤How do we keep up with all these changes and trends?
我们要如何赶上这些变化和潮流？用由keep构成的短语的适当形式填空。
（1）She likes to _____________the latest fashions.
（2）We should try to _________ our old customs.
（3）No matter how heavily it snowed,they________ hiking.keep up withkeep upkept onPoint ? what在名词性从句中的语义和语法功能
Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.（教材P2）
没有人知道第一批开拓者首次到达我们现在称之为加利福尼亚的确切时间。
点拨：这是一个多重复合句：1）主句是no one really knows,exactly when…是know的宾语从句，这是为了强调而将宾语前置； 2） what在本句中引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，意为“所……之事”。what用作代词，在意义上译法非常灵活，它可以指“……的东西”“……的人”“……的时间”“……的地点”等；在句法中可以作主语、宾语、表语，相当于定语从句中的“先行词+关系代词”。具体用法如下：
（1）指代“……的东西”，意为“什么；多少；怎么；……的；所……的”，相当于something that。
①You have to consider what you should do next.
你必须考虑下一步该做什么。
（2）指代“……的人”，意为“……的样子；面貌；状况”，相当于the person that/who。
②—In my opinion,you should owe your success mostly to your parents.
——我认为你的成功主要归功于你的父母。
—You are right.They have brought me up and made me what I am.
——对，是他们把我培养成我现在的样子。
（3）指代“……的地方”，相当于the place that。
③A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.
一座现代化城市已在十年前还是一片荒地的地方建起了。
（4）指代“……的时间”，相当于the time that。
④After what seemed to be a long time, the soldier came back to life.
似乎过了很长时间之后，士兵苏醒了过来。单句改错。
(1)—What a mess! You are always so lazy.
—I'm not to blame, mum. I am how you have made me.
解析：句意(答语)：不要怪我，妈妈。是你把我惯成这么懒，what引导表语从句，在从句中作宾语补足语。make sb.+宾补，使某人怎么样。
(2)Towards nightfall they arrived in which seemed like a valley.
解析：句意：傍晚时他们来到似乎像山谷的一个地方，which哪一个，表示疑问；what引导介词宾语从句，在从句中充当主语。whatwhatPoint ? It is believed that sb./sth…=
sb./sth.is believed to…
It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups,but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.（教材P3）
人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。
点拨:It is believed that…是一个常用句型，其中，it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that从句。类似的结构还有：It is said/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reported＋that…
此句型可转化成：sb./sth.is said/known/agreed/thought/supposed/reported＋to do结构。注意不定式时态的变化。
①据说罗伯特明天要出国学习。
It is said that Robert is going to study abroad tomorrow.
→Robert is said to study abroad tomorrow.
（be said to do/to be done表示未来动作，意为“据说要做……”。）②据报道这家银行昨天遭劫了。
It is said in the newspaper that the bank was robbed yesterday.
→The bank is said to have been robbed yesterday according to the newspaper.
（be said to have done/have been done表示完成的动作，意为“据说做过了……”。）
③据说这儿正在建造一家新超市。
It is said that a new supermarket is being built here.
→A new supermarket is said to be being built here.
（be said to be doing/be being done表示进行的动作，意为“据说正在做……”。）单句语法填空。
(1)His health, however, is in doubt. He is believed______________(suffer) a stroke in 2012, and recent photos show a frail(虚弱的) man.
(2)_____is reported, a rebuilding project, announced cancelled two years ago, restarted after carefully being studied.
解析：句意：据报道，两年前宣布取消的那个重建项目，经过仔细研究又重新启动了。关键是reported后的逗号，as引导非限制性定语从句，代指后面句子的内容。 to have sufferedAs 课件26张PPT。Unit 1 A land of diversityUnit 1 Section Ⅱ Learning about Language栏目导航名词性从句
一、在句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。如：
①Whether he will come here or not is unimportant to me.（___从句）
他是否来这对我来说不重要。
②I don't know what he means.（___从句）
我不知道他是什么意思。考点 语法细解③I'm glad that you are here.（__________从句）
我很高兴你能在这。
④The teacher is satisfied with what you have done.（_______ 从句）
老师对你所做的很满意。
⑤That was because he was ill.（_______从句）
那是因为他病了。
⑥The news that he got killed in the race surprised us all.（______从句）
他在比赛中死亡的消息震惊了我们所有人。二、引导名词性从句的连接词1.that引导的从句如果作介词的宾语，只可用在except，in，but，besides等少数介词后。如：
①I could say nothing but that I'm sorry.
我只能说我很抱歉。
that引导的从句可作it的同位语从句。如：
②You may depend upon it that all the goods will be delivered in time.
请放心，所有的货物都会准时交付。2.that引导宾语从句时通常可省略，作介词的宾语时不可省略，that引导其他名词性从句时一般不省略，特别是引导主语从句且位于句首时。如：
①That the earth is round is true.
地球是圆的（这件事）是真的。
②The fact that he is a thief got around.
他是小偷的事实传开了。
【注意】下面一句中，第一个that可省略，第二个that不可省略：
③He said （that） he had been working here for ten years and that he wanted to go home.
他说他已经在这里工作了十年，他想回家。3.whether与if引导名词性从句时的区别。
（1）在引导宾语从句时whether与if可互换，但如果和or not连用则只能用whether。如：
①I don't know whether or not he can stay here longer.
我不知道他是否能再待在这了。
（2）如果宾语从句是否定结构，则用if而不用whether引导。如：
②He asked me if I wasn't going there.
他问我是不是不会去那里。
（3）介词宾语从句只能用whether引导。如：
③I'm not interested in whether he is rich.
我对他是否富有不感兴趣。（4）引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句一般用whether。如：
④Whether it will do us harm or good remains to be seen.
它对我们是有害还是有益，还得等着瞧。
⑤The question is whether you can do it yourself.
问题是你是否能独自做。
⑥The question whether he will come here isn't decided yet.
他是否会来这的问题还没有决定。
（5）用it作形式主语时，whether或if都可以引导主语从句。如：
⑦It is not clear to me whether/if he likes the present.
我也不清楚他是否喜欢这礼物。4.注意what/whatever，who/whoever，which/whichever的区别。试比较下列句子：
①Whoever will go to the concert please sign your name here.
=Anyone who will go to the concert please sign your name here.
任何想去音乐会的人请在这里签上名字。
②Who will go to the concert isn't known.
=It's unknown who will go to the concert.
不知道谁要去音乐会。
③He won't believe whatever she says.
=No matter what she says，he won't believe her.
他不相信她说的任何话。
④Whichever toy you want is yours.
=No matter which toy you want，it is yours.
不论你想要哪一个玩具，那都是你的。5.注意how long/how soon/how often/how much的区别。如：
①How long will he stay here?
他将在这里待多久？
②How soon can you be ready?
你多久能准备好？
③How often do you visit her?
你多长时间去探望她一次？
④How much is that dress?
那件衣服多少钱？6.当主句谓语动词表示不肯定或怀疑时，宾语从句用whether/if引导；表示有把握时用that引导。如：
①I doubt whether/if he can win the match.
我怀疑他能否赢得这场比赛。
②I don't doubt that he can win the match.
我毫不怀疑他能赢得这场比赛。7.what与that在引导主语从句时的区别。
what引导主语从句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that则不然。如：
①What you said yesterday is right.
你昨天说的是对的。
②That she is still alive is a fact.
她还活着，这是事实。（一）主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1.it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
it 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that引导。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom引导。如：
①It is a pity that you didn't go to see the film.
你没去看那场电影真是遗憾。
②It was Tom that/who told us the news.
告诉我们这个消息的人是汤姆。2.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况
（1）if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。如：
有没有人帮过他还不知道。
Whether someone helped him is still unknown.（√）
If someone helped him is still unknown.（×）
（2）It is said （reported）…结构中的主语从句不可提前。如：
据说习主席下周要来我校视察。
It is said that President xi will visit our school next week.（√）
That President xi will visit our school next week is said.（×）
（3）It happens…/It occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。如：
他考试没及格。
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.（√）
That he failed in the examination occurred to him.（×）
（4）It doesn't matter how/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前。如：
他是不是错了，这一点不重要。
It doesn't matter whether he is wrong or not.（√）
Whether he is wrong or not doesn't matter.（×）
（5）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。如：
傍晚有可能下雨吗？
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?（√）
Is that will rain in the evening likely?（×）（二）宾语从句
宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后。
1.作动词的宾语
（1）由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）。如：
I heard that he joined the army.
我听说他参军了。
（2）由what，whether，if 引导的宾语从句。如：
She did not know what had happened.
她不知道发生了什么事。
（3）动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句（此时that通常不省略）。如：
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
她跟我说她愿意接受我的邀请。2.作介词的宾语。如：
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.
我们的成功取决于我们的合作情况。
3.作形容词的宾语。如：
I am afraid （that） I've made a mistake.
我恐怕是犯错了。【注意】that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious，aware，certain，confident，convinced，determined，glad，proud，surprised，worried，sorry，thankful，ashamed，disappointed，annoyed，pleased，hurt，satisfied，content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句看作原因状语从句。
4.it 作形式宾语
it不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而把真正的宾语that 从句放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。如：
We heard it that she would get married next month.
我们听说她打算下个月结婚。5.后边不能直接跟that从句的动词
这类动词有：refuse， let， like， cause， force， admire，condemn， celebrate， allow， dislike， love， help， take， forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句作宾语。如：
我非常羡慕他们赢得了比赛的胜利。
I admire their winning the match.（√）
I admire that they won the match.（×）6.不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句”结构中，常见的有envy，order，accuse，refuse，impress，forgive，blame，denounce， advise， congratulate等。如：
作为一个诚实的人，他给经理留下了很深的印象。
He impressed the manager as an honest man.（√）
He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.（×）
7.否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think，consider，suppose，believe，expect，fancy，guess，imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。如：
I don't think this dress fits you well.
我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
（三）表语从句
表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，remain，seem等。另外，常用的还有The reason is that…和It is because 等结构。如：
①The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
问题是我们能否在那么短的时间内做好充分的准备。
②This is why we can't get the support of the people.
这就是我们得不到人民支持的原因。课件49张PPT。Unit 1 A land of diversityUnit 1 Section Ⅲ Using Language栏目导航Ⅰ.Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1.George's diary is mainly about_____.
A.the view of San Francisco Bay
B.the great drive marked out for tourists
C.the prison on Alcatraz Island
D.his tour in San Francisco
答案：D2.George didn't feel like doing anything else because_______ .
A.he ate lunch late
B.he was almost worn out
C.he traveled to many places in Fisherman's Wharf
D.he saw a terrible accident
答案：B
3.You can visit some places in Chinatown except the______.
A.temples B.Golden Gate Bridge
C.restaurants D.galleries and museums
答案：B4.It's also the place to catch the ferry to Alcatraz Island and other places in the Bay. Here “ferry” can be replaced by “_______”.
A.ship B.train
C.plane D.coach
答案：A5.Which word can be used to describe Chinese immigrants'stay?
A.comfortable. B.miserable.
C.free. D.relaxing.
答案：BⅡ.Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese.1.Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.
答案：他曾经看到过一次可怕的交通事故：因为刹车失灵，驾车者无法控制马车导致一辆马车连同拉车的马一起从山上掉了下去，很明显这让他受到了极大的震惊。
2.There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists.It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go.
答案：有一种专为旅游者选定的驾车游活动。车身上有蓝白两色相间的标记，上面有海鸥以表示要去的路线。3.This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry.
答案：意大利渔民于19世纪末首先来到旧金山，并且在这儿开始了捕渔业。
4.In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA.
答案：1940年民政部门改革了制度，使得更多的中国人能够得到机会定居美国。Point ? occur vi.发生；出现；存在考点一 单词点击It occurs to sb.to do sth.某人想起做某事
It occurs/occurred to sb.that…某人突然想到……
sth.occurs/occurred to sb.
=sth.strikes/struck sb.
=sth.hit sb./sb.hit on sth.某人突然想起……①It didn't occur to me that…(教材P5)
我没想到……
②Just then an idea occurred to me.
就在那时我想起了一个主意。
③It occurred to me that we could use a computer to do the job.
我突然想到我们可以用计算机来做这项工作。④Though, as children, we thought this was crazy, it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request.
作为孩子，尽管我们认为这件事很疯狂，但我们从来没有想过拒绝父亲的要求。
⑤It never hit/struck him that he would make such a great success in his teaching career.
他从来没有想到他会在教学事业上获得如此巨大的成功。occur, take place, come about, break out
(1)occur“发生、想到、突然想起”，不与suddenly连用，相当于happen
(2)take place“发生、举行、举办”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”
(3)come about“发生、产生”，多指事情已经发生了，但还不知道为什么，常用于疑问句和否定句
(4)break out“发生、爆发”，常指战争、灾难、疾病等事件的发生单句语法填空。
(1)It occurred ____ him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
解析：考查It occurred to sb. that从句，某人突然想起……。
单句改错。
(2)I was looking for a place to park when the accident was occurred.
解析：occur发生，不及物动词，没有被动语态。toPoint ? indicate vt.指出；标示；表明；暗示indicate sth.to sb.向某人指出某事
indicate that…表明，示意
as…indicates 正如……所示①Try to use the expressions above to indicate that you are listening carefully to your partner.(教材P7)
尽力用以上的短语来表明你正在认真地听你的伙伴说话。
②The smoke from the chimney indicated (that) someone was in the house.
那烟囱冒烟，表示有人在屋子里。③A red sky at night indicates that the following day will be fine.
晚霞预示明天天气好。
④Research indicates that people's eating habits are changing fast.
研究显示，人们的饮食习惯正在迅速改变。
⑤He indicated to me that we could never be good friends again.
他向我暗示我们再也不可能成为好朋友了。
⑥I asked him where my sister was and he indicated the shop opposite.
我问他我妹妹在哪里时,他指了指对面的商店。
(1)indication n.指示；象征
(2)indicator n.指示者；指示牌单句语法填空。
(1)The sound of the rain outside the window is becoming louder and there is no sign indicating(indicate) it will stop.
解析：现在分词作定语，相当于which indicates。
(2)The survey results seem to indicate(indicate) a connection between poor housing conditions and bad health.
解析：seem to do sth.似乎做某事。Point ? apparently adv.显然地，显而易见地(=obviously)①Apparently he'd been shocked when…(教材P8)
很明显，当……他受到了极大的震惊。
②He is apparently unhappy about the result of the exam.
很明显，他对考试的结果不满意。③He paused, apparently lost in thought.
他停下来，显然陷入了深思。
④She had many good qualities despite her apparent rudeness.
她粗鲁是粗鲁，但还有许多优秀品质。
It is apparent that…很显然……⑤It is apparent that this project has been done successfully.
很显然，这个项目做得很成功。单句语法填空。
(1)__________(apparent) the company is losing a lot of money because of his fault.
解析：副词修饰整个句子。
(2)It is apparent _____ the cartoonist aims at reminding us of the importance of cooperation in our daily life.
解析：考查句型It is apparent that…显而易见……。ApparentlythatPoint ? slip vi.滑动；滑行；滑跤slip away悄悄溜走
slip into悄悄进入，溜进去
slip out of从……滑出；掉出；溜出去①The conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it.(教材P8)
驾车者对局面失去控制，车子和马一起从山上滑了下去。
②She slipped away without being seen.
她悄悄溜走未被人看见。
③He slipped into the room.
他溜进了房间。
④I'll slip out of the meeting as quietly as I can,I have a train to catch so I can't stay to the end.
我要尽可能地悄悄溜出会场,我得赶火车去,所以我不能等到散会走。
(1)slippery adj.滑的；狡猾的
(2) slip n.滑动；滑倒；小过失；失误
a slip of the pen/tongue笔误/口误⑤I mean to write “week” not “weak”—it was just a slip of the pen.
我本来想写“week”而不是“weak”——这只是个笔误。单句语法填空。
(1)The boy, after slipping ________the room, headed for the swimming pool secretly.
(2)The rainy season has begun and the tiny paths that connect homes and businesses have turned into a _______(slip) clay-like sludge(软泥).
解析：句意：雨季已经开始，那些连接着家和商业区的小径已经成为易滑的如同黏土的软泥。out of slipperyPoint ? hire vt.& n.租用；雇用 on hire在出租
for hire可供出租的，待租
hire sth.out(to sb.)出租某物(给某人)
hire sb.to do sth.雇用某人去做某事
hire oneself out to sb.受雇于某人
on hire from sb.从某人处租用①Teamed up with a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car.(教材P8)
同旅馆里的一对夫妻（彼得和泰莉）做伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。②I want to hire a car.
我想租用一辆汽车。
③We don't want to hire inexperienced workers.
我们不想聘用没有经验的工人。
④The shopkeeper hired a few clerks to help him run the store.
店主雇了几个员工，帮他经营商店。
⑤There are many boats for hire.
有许多船可供出租。hire, employ和rent都有“雇用，租借”之意。hire指短期“雇用，租借”，宾语可以是人也可以是物；employ指长期“雇，雇用”，宾语只能是人；rent指长期“租用，出租”房屋、土地等，宾语只能是物。当“租借”讲，请注意下面句子的特点：主动形式表达被动意义。⑥The house is to rent/let.房屋待租。单句语法填空。
(1)Though he ______________(hire) on the farm for ages, he wasn't equally treated and wanted to give up the job.
(2)The costumes are _____ hire from the local theater.
解析：be on hire from 从……租用。had been hiredonPoint 6 nowhere adv.无处；到处都没①The cells in the station were very small, cold and damp; some did not even have light but the immigrants had nowhere else to go.(教材P8)
移民站的房间又小又冷又潮湿，一些房间甚至没有光，但是移民们没有其他去处。
get/go/lead nowhere 毫无结果；一事无成
nowhere to be found 哪儿都找不到②It is lucky we booked a room, or we would have nowhere to stay now.
很幸运，我们订了个房间，否则我们现在就无处安身了。
③The dictionary is nowhere to be found.
那本词典哪儿也找不到。
④His career is going nowhere.
他还是一事无成。
【温馨提示】 当否定副词nowhere置于句首时，句子部分倒装。
⑤Nowhere else can you find such a beautiful palace.
在别的任何地方你永远不可能找到这么美丽的宫殿。单句语法填空。
(1)The penniless man had nowhere_______ (go).
解析：have nowhere to go没有地方可去。
(2)Nowhere else _______you see so many grand bridges as in Wuhan.
解析：句意：在别的任何地方你都看不到像武汉这样如此多的雄伟的大桥。nowhere 位于句首，句子要部分倒装。to gocan/will 考点二 短语诠释Point ? mark out 画线；标出……界线①There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists.(教材P8)
有一种专为旅游者选定的驾车游活动。
②Please mark out the sentences that you don't understand with a red pen.
请用红笔标出你不懂的句子。
③We must mark the tennis court out ready for play these days.
这几天我们必须把网球场地划好以备比赛使用。
mark off画线分隔；划开
mark down写下，记下；降低……的价格
be marked with…标记着……；被标上……记号
mark out for看中；选定④Some of the best pupils have been marked out for special training.
已经选出几名出色的学生进行专门训练。
⑤Just a moment, let me mark down your name and address.
等一下，让我把你的姓名和地址记下来。
⑥He took out a parcel （which was） marked with my name and address.
他取出了一个上面标着我姓名和地址的包裹。单句语法填空。
指出mark out在句中的不同含义。
(1)The site of the new chemical fertilizer plant has been marked out. _________
(2)The directions of urban development have been marked out. _________
(3)He was marked out as the most promising young soldier in the whole army.
_________标出边界规划，拟定选出，选定Point ? take in 包括；吸收；接纳；欺骗；缩小（尺寸）①It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots.(教材P8)
这是一次往返共79千米的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。
②He had nowhere to sleep so we offered to take him in.
他没地方可以睡觉，于是我们就提出让他留宿。
③He is an old bird and won't be taken in.
他是个老行家，不会被你骗的。
④If the skirt is too big,we can take in the waist.
要是裙子太大了，我们可以把腰部收紧一些。
take apart拆开；剖析，抨击（论点等）；将……彻底打败
take down拿下，取下；拆卸；记下
take back取回，带回；收回说过的话；使……回忆
take up 开始从事；占用（时间或空间）；着手处理
take over继承；接收，接管
take off 脱下（衣服等）；起飞；突然开始成功
take on 承担，从事；呈现；雇佣选用以上短语的适当形式填空。
（1）I'm sorry I was rude; I __________ everything I said.
（2）We find it difficult to_________ what he teaches.
（3）The company decided to________ a new secretary.
（4）When the picture was _________, the wall looked very bare.
（5）Would you like me to _________the driving for a while?
（6） Bill Gates is really a great man,whose career _________ in his early thirties.
（7）England was really __________by Italy in last night's match.
（8）I'll _________ the story where I finished yesterday.take backtake in take ontaken downtake over took offtaken apart take upPoint ? a great/good many 许多；很多①Saw some interesting temples here, a number of markets and a great many restaurants.(教材P8)
在这儿看到了一些有趣的寺庙、不少的集贸市场和许多的餐馆。
(1)a great many后一般不用of,但后接代词或所修饰的名词前有定冠词the，指示代词these, those，物主代词my, their等时，需用上of。
(2)下列“许多”的表达方式及其谓语动词的单复数：
a great many+可数名词复数+复数谓语
a good many+可数名词复数+复数谓语
many a/an+可数名词单数+单数谓语
a good/large number of+可数名词复数+复数谓语②In the snowstorm, a great many students are waiting in long lines to sign for the art test.
在暴风雪中，许多学生排队等候艺术考试报名。
③A good many of the/those students in our class have passed the exam.
我们班中有很多学生通过了考试。
④Many a student is reading English.
很多学生在读英语。
⑤In China a large number of girls are fond of the Korea actor Lee Minho.
在中国很多女孩喜欢韩国男演员李敏镐。单句语法填空。
(1)A good many men _______(believe) the story.
(2)Many a man _________(believe) this story.
(3)A great many good books _______________(write) for children so for.
(4)A good many of the students _____________(visit) the museum since last month.believebelieveshave been writtenhave visitedPoint ? apply for 申请；请示得到①From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA.(教材P8)
从1882年至1940年，天使岛成为一个著名的移民站，许多中国人在那儿申请美国居住权。
②You may apply for tickets in person or by letter.
需要票的人可亲自来申请，也可来信索取。
(1)apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请得到某物
apply to…适用于
apply sth.to…把……应用于……；把……涂抹到……
apply oneself to (doing) sth.专心于(做)……
(2)applicant n.申请人
(3)application n.书面请求；申请书③Can I apply to the bank for a credit card?
我可以向银行申请一张信用卡吗？
④The new rules apply to everyone.
新规则适用于所有人。
⑤You would pass the exam if you applied yourself to it.
专注于学习你就会通过考试。单句语法填空。
(1)Li Hua has applied _____ a passport to the USA.
(2)What you said didn't apply ____ me.
(3)If you apply yourself ___ the job, you will succeed sooner or later.fortoto考点三 句型归纳Point 过去分词的状语功能 Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie,who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse-drawn trams.（教材P8）缆车系统建于1873年，是由安德鲁·哈利迪发明的，他试图找到一种比马拉轨道车更好的交通方式。
点拨：who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词Andrew Hallidie。Built in 1873为过去分词短语，在句中作时间状语。过去分词短语通常在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。过去分词通常与句子的主语构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。过去分词作状语常可以与相应的从句进行转换。①Asked（=When he was asked） why he didn't do it,he began to cry.（表示时间）
当被问到为什么不做的时候，他开始哭了。
②Given（=If I am given）more time,I will catch up with you.（表示条件）
如果给我更多的时间，我会赶上你的。
③Heated（=When/If water is heated） to a certain temperature,water turns into steam.（表示时间或条件）
如果被加热到一定的温度，水就会沸腾。④Once used（=Once it is used）,it will never be sold again.（表示条件）
一旦被用过，就再也卖不出去了。
⑤Born and brought up （=Because he was born and brought up）in the village,he knows a lot about the people there.（表示原因）
由于在那个村出生和成长，他对那里的人很了解。
⑥Although defeated（=Although they had been defeated） many times,they continued to fight.（表示让步）
尽管被击败多次，他们还是继续战斗。单句语法填空。
(1)The fashionable young lady came into the shop, ________(follow) by a lovely puppy.
(2)________(sit) in his car, he waved goodbye to all the people who came to see him off. followedSitting课件6张PPT。Unit 1 A land of diversityUnit 1 Section Ⅳ Guided Writing【写作指导】
介绍地点时应用一般现在时进行写作，文中一般包括以下要素：地理位置、人口、历史、气候、特产、工农业生产、风景名胜。在写作时，不要逐句翻译，可用恰当的介词短语、从句将多个信息点合并为一个句子。 如何介绍地点【典题示例】
根据下面的信息写一篇短文介绍西山镇。
西山镇依山傍水。过去，这里的人们生活极其贫困。解放后人们的生活在各方面都发生了很大的变化。注意：1.短文标题自拟；
2.100词左右。
Xishan town is a small town, which is located at the foot of a mountain of North Guangdong province. In front of Xishan town flows a big river. It has a population of about 100,000 and covers an area of about 126 square kilometers. Before liberation, people there lived a hard life while they have lived a happy life now.
The school education has also improved. Before liberation there was only one school for children from wealthy families, and now there are 10 schools. So every child can go to school. After work people do many different things, such as going shopping, seeing films, going dancing and having sports.Ⅰ.审题谋篇
1.本文是说明文，基本时态为一般现在时。
2.写作要点包括：①地理位置；②人口、面积；③教育状况；④生活状况
Ⅱ.写作要点
1.地理位置
①Xishan town is located at the foot of a mountain of North Guangdong province.
②In front of it flows a river.2.人口和面积
It has a population of about 100,000 and covers an area of about 126 square kilometers.
3.教育状况
①Before liberation there was only one school for children from wealthy families.
②Now there are 10 schools, so every child can go to school.
4.生活状况
People do many different things, such as going shopping, seeing movies, going dancing and having sports.
