课件45张PPT。PygmalionUnit 4 What is the Pygmalion effect?
The Pygmalion effect refers to the concept that a person will achieve or perform as he is expected to perform, and it can have both positive and negative effects on an individual or a group. A person expected to perform well will achieve or exceed(超过) this expectation, according to the Pygmalion effect, but a person expected to underachieve or perform poorly will also fulfill this expectation.The term “Pygmalion effect” comes from a Greek myth. According to the myth, Pygmalion was a prince of Cyprus and a sculptor who created and fell in love with an ivory statue of his ideal woman. He pleaded with the goddess Venus to give life to his creation, and she agreed. Pygmalion married his creation and they had a perfect life together. He had expected the statue to be the perfect woman, and she fulfilled his expectations when she was brought to life.
Many studies have been conducted on the Pygmalion effect in the classroom. Teachers were given information that certain students in the class were more likely to excel and achieve than other members of the class. No verbal cues(提示，暗示) were used by the teacher to inform students of the information or expectations, but students who were believed by tutors to have greater potential still showed significantly greater intellectual growth.Body language is just as important as verbal communication when conveying both positive and negative expectations, as is the tone of voice. The use of body language is most commonly a subconscious(潜意识的) form of communication, but it can prove to be very powerful.
A student may detect that his teacher believes he will never be a high achiever and is less intelligent and capable of succeeding than other members of the class. If the child detects these negative expectations and comes to believe them, these negative expectations can remain with him for the rest of his life, trapping him in a continuous circle of the negative selffulfilling prophecy(预言).Section Ⅰ Warming Up and Reading 栏目导航Ⅰ.Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1.Eliza greeted to the gentleman in order to .
A.talk with him
B.ask him to buy some flowers from her
C.ask him to teach her
D.beg some money from him
答案：B
2.The flower girl cried when she found Higgins making notes because.
A.she thought she did something wrong
B.she thought she didn't have the right to sell flowers
C.she didn't want Higgins to write down what she said
D.she thought Higgins was a policeman in disguise and wanted to arrest her
答案：D3.Professor Higgins believed that he could judge a person by_____ .
A.his appearance B.his action
C.his conversation D.his manners
答案：C
4.From the ending part of Act one we may guess that Eliza wanted to find Higgins_____ .
A.to sell him more good flowers
B.to take some lessons with him
C.to say thanks to him as he will find her a good job
D.to express her gratitude to Higgins for his handful of money
答案：DⅡ.Complete the following passage with words in the brackets in their proper forms or words from the text.
Act One of Pygmalion tells us how the main characters of this play, Eliza Doolittle, Professor Higgins and Colonel Pickering had their 1.________(fate) meetings while 2.__________(shelter) from a heavy rain outside a theatre in London, England in 1914. Eliza Doolittle was 3._____ poor flower girl. When she tried to sell her flowers to a gentleman, her terrible English caught Professor Higgins' attention. Professor Higgins, an expert 4.______ phonetics, could place a person by his/her remarks. He convinced that the quality of a person's English decides his/her social position. fatefulshelteringa in
In his opinion, once 5._________(educate) to speak 6.________(proper), Eliza Doolittle could pass 7._________(she) off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party and perhaps she could even work 8._____ a lady's maid or a shop assistant. Colonel Pickering, an officer in the army, 9. _____ had studied many Indian dialects himself, came to England to make the 10.____________(acquaint) of Professor Higgins.educatedproperlyherselfaswhoacquaintance考点一 单词点击Point ? hesitate v.犹豫；踌躇①A gentleman (G) passes and hesitates for a moment.(教材P29)
这时有位先生（先）从这儿路过，他迟疑了片刻。hesitate to do sth.做某事犹豫不决
hesitate about/over sth.对……犹豫不决
hesitation n.犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事②Don't hesitate to contact me if you need any more information.
如果你需要更多的信息，马上与我联系。
③In 2015 the Chinese government didn't hesitate about donating some goods to the victims in the earthquake in Nepal.
在2015年中国毫不犹豫地给尼泊尔地震灾民捐赠货物。④She agreed to go to see the film Ever Since We Love with me without hesitation.
她毫不犹豫地同意和我一起看电影《万物生长》。
⑤I have no hesitation in helping them.
我毫不犹豫地帮助他们。单句语法填空。
(1)_______________(hesitate) for a long while, I eventually decided to accept the job.
(2)As you have written your strengths, now it's time to be very open to yourself and without _________(hesitate) write down your weakness.
解析：句意：正如你写下自己的优点一样，现在是时候对自己完全开放，毫不犹豫地写下你的弱点。Having hesitatedhesitationPoint ? mistaken adj.（见解或判断上）错误的；不正确的be mistaken about…把……搞错；误解①There you are and you were born in Lisson Grove if I'm not mistaken.(教材P29)
好了吧，你呀，如果我没有弄错的话，你出生在里森格罗佛。
②You are mistaken about what he said.
你误会他的话了。
③I was mistaken about that student,he's not as clever as I thought.
我错看了那个学生，他没有我过去以为的那样聪明。
mistake
（1）n.错误,过失;误会
do sth.by mistake 做错了某事
make a mistake 犯错误
make a mistake about sth.误解……
（2）vt.弄错,误解;把……误认为
mistake…for…把……误认为……④Tom didn't make a single spelling mistake in his composition.
汤姆在这篇作文里一个字也没拼错。
⑤The twins are so alike that their parents often mistake one for another.
这对双胞胎长得很相像，他们的父母都经常把他们认错。单句语法填空。
(1)It was apparent that you was mistaken _______ him.
(2)Deep in thought, I got on the train ______ mistake.aboutbyPoint ? classify vt.把……分类；把……归类classify…into…把……分成……
classify…as…把……归类为……①Simply phonetics studied and classified from people's own speech.(教材P29)
只是对人们的发音进行研究并分类而得出的语音学。②The boys here are classified into classes according to their ages.
这儿的男孩子们被根据他们的年龄编班。
(1)classified adj.分类的
(2)classification n.分类；类别，种类③I think it's proper to classify her novels as serious literature instead of mere entertainment.
我认为她的小说应该归入文学类作品而不仅仅是通俗读物。
④The books in the library are classified by subject.
图书馆的书是按科目分类的。单句语法填空。
(1)Only eleven of these accidents are classified ____ major accidents.
(2)People who work in libraries spend a lot of time __________（classify) books and magazines.
(3)The documents are classified _____ four groups.asclassifyingintoPoint ? remark n.谈论；言论；评述
vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起(1)make a remark/remarks on/about…就……发表意见；评论……
(2)remark on/upon 就……发表意见；评论
remark that…评论……①You can place a man by just a few remarks.(教材P29)
你可以仅仅通过几句话就判断出对方是哪个地方的人。②He made a number of rude remarks about the food here.
关于这里的食物他做了许多无礼的评论。
③Prof. Smith remarked on the difference between the two dictionaries.
史密斯教授谈到了这两本词典的不同之处。
④A local newspaper remarked that car accidents were on the decrease due to the forceful law.
一家地方报纸评论说由于强有力的法律措施，车祸在减少。
remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的⑤In 2016 the film Mermaid has been a remarkable success.
在2016年电影《美人鱼》取得了众人瞩目的成功。单句语法填空。
（1）It's rude to make a remark _________ the appearance of other people.
（2）The Tang Dynasty is _________(remark) for its liberality(开明).on/aboutremarkablePoint ? acquaintance n.［U］相识；了解；熟知
［C］相识的人；熟人make one's acquaintance=make the acquaintance of sb.结识某人；与某人相见
have acquaintance with sth./sb.熟悉，了解……
have a nodding acquaintance with sb.和某人有点头之交①And I came to England to make your acquaintance!(教材P30)
我也正是到英国来找你的！
②She was a casual acquaintance of mine in Vietnam.
她是我在越南偶然结识的朋友。③While travelling I made the acquaintance of many interesting people.
旅行时我认识了很多有趣的人。
④I have some acquaintance with Russian.
我懂一点俄语。
acquaint vt.使熟知，告知
acquaint sb.with… 使某人认识/了解……
be/get acquainted with… 了解或熟悉……⑤Are you acquainted with the works of Shakespeare?
你对莎士比亚的作品熟悉吗？ 单句语法填空。
(1)He has some ___________(acquaint) with German, but does not speak it fluently.
(2)Meg was the first friend I had made after we came to America. I eventually got acquainted _____ a few other kids in school, but Meg was still the only real friend I had.
单句改错。
(3)As a young person grows up, he has an ample opportunity to acquaint ∧ with the way of life in his community.acquaintancewithhimselfPoint 6 fortune n.［U］运气；机会；命运
［C］大笔的钱，财富，财产①Well, I never. A whole pound! A fortune!(教材P30)
啊，我还从来没有见过。整整一个英镑呢!一大笔钱呀!
②Today a great many farmers go to big cities in expectation of making a fortune.
今天，许多农民到大城市去，期望发财。
③It is believed that it will bring good fortune in the coming year.
据说它将在新的一年里带来好运。
(1)make a/one's fortune 发财
try one's fortune 碰运气
fame and fortune 名利
(2)fortunate adj.幸运的
unfortunate adj.不幸的
fortunately adv.幸运地单句语法填空。
(1)If you are eating out, fast food restaurants are often the cheapest option, but ______________(fortune), not usually a healthy one.
解析：句意：如果你是外出就餐，快餐店往往是最便宜的选择，但遗憾的是，它通常不是一个健康的选择。
单句改错。
（2）He made the fortune by selling houses.
（3）He's fortunately to find his dream work after graduation.unfortunatelyafortunate考点二 短语诠释Point ? pass… off as… 假装；（把某人）改变或冒充成……①But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party.(教材P30)
不过，先生，（高傲地）一旦有人教她把英语说好了，她就可以在三个月以内冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园晚会了。
②She passed herself off as an experienced actress.
她冒充自己是一个有经验的女演员。
pass sth.down 把……传给后世
pass away 去世（die的委婉说法）
pass by 通过，经过；忽视
pass…on to…把……传递给
pass through 通过；穿过；经历，遭受③He escaped by passing himself off as a guard.
他冒充警卫逃走了。
④She passed him off as her husband.
她把他冒充成自己的丈夫。用由pass构成的短语的适当形式填空。
（1）I was sorry to learn that his mother had passed ______.
（2）She passed ________ a difficult period after her marriage failed.
（3）He tried to pass the wine ______ French, but in fact it came from England.awaythroughoff asPoint ? in terms of… 就……来说；从……角度①Correct all these sentences in terms of grammar, spelling, etc, so that she can use them properly.(教材P31)
改正下面这些句子中的语法、拼写等方面的错误，以便她可以恰当地使用这种语言。
②The job is great in terms of salary，but it has disadvantages.
就薪水而言，这个工作倒是不错，但是也有一些不足之处。
be on good/bad terms with sb.与某人关系好/不好
come to terms with 与……妥协/迁就，对……让步;接受……
in one's terms 在某人看来，根据某人的观点
in the long/short term 就长期/短期而言③He has been on bad terms with his father for years.
他多年来一直与父亲关系不好。
④George and Elizabeth have come to terms with the fact that they will never have children.
乔治和伊丽莎白已经接受了他们不能有孩子的事实。
⑤In the short term we'll lose money, but in the long term we'll make a profit.
短期内我们会亏损，但从长远看我们会有盈利的。单句语法填空。
(1)We are supposed to be ____ good terms with all our neighbors.
(2)It is not to be considered ____ terms of money.
(3)What they have done is good for the environment ____ the long term.oninin考点三 句型归纳Point ? every time的连词功能
But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths.（教材P29）
但是他们一张嘴就露了馅。点拨：本句中every time后面接一个省略了引导词（when）的状语从句，并且在这个从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时。名词词组the first time,the next time,every time,each time,any time,the moment（minute）等都可以充当连词，引导时间状语从句。
①She loves going to the shop because every time she goes, the store has marked down their prices.
她喜欢去那家店，因为每次去，那家店都会打折。 ②The next time you meet him, tell him to call me up.
下次你见到他的时候，让他给我打个电话。
③The moment we entered she bolted the door,much to my surprise.
我们进来时，她正在插门，这让我感到非常吃惊。 单句语法填空。
单句改错。
(1)He had impressed me that way for the first time I met him—talkative, energetic and easy?going.
(2)“Every time I will go to a party or an event with classmates, I feel like I have nothing to say and am always the one being left out,” he said.Point ? What if…?如果……会怎样/怎么样？
What if I was？（教材P29）
如果我是又怎样呢？点拨：What if…? 常用来提出假设、建议、邀请、要求等，意为“倘使……将会怎样？” “如果……将会怎样？”后面经常跟一般现在时，有时根据语境也可以跟虚拟语气。
①What if something goes wrong?
要是出了问题将会怎么样？②What if it rains tomorrow?
万一明天下雨怎么办？
③It sounds like a good offer, but what if it's a trick?
那个提议听起来很诱人，但如果是个骗局会怎么样？
（1）How come? 用于口语交际中，表示疑惑，意为“为什么会这样呢?”“怎么搞的？”。其后还可以接从句或v.?ing形式。
④How come I never see him any more?
我怎么再也没见过他呢?
（2）How/What about…? 常用来征求对方的意见或向对方提出建议。意为“……怎么样？”
⑤What about the trip to Lijiang you had last week?
你上周的丽江之行怎么样啊？
（3）What for? 意为“为什么目的？”“为何理由?”
（4）So what? 意为“那又怎么样?”
（5）Why not do sth.? 表示建议，意为“为什么不……？”
⑥Though you like the car so much, why not drive it back?
既然你这么喜欢这辆车，为什么不把它开回去?单句改错。
(1)What if a woman will find herself alone in the company of a strange male as she prepares to enter a lift in a high?rise apartment?
解析：句意：深更半夜，当一位妇女准备坐电梯到高层公寓时，发现有陌生男子尾随，她该怎么办？what if 意为“如果……将会怎么样”，if 表达一种假设、条件，所以其后一般用一般现在时，不用将来时。
(2) How about going to the farmer's market and spend the day planning out an elaborate meal?
解析：句意：去农贸市场花上一天的时间来准备一顿大餐怎么样? how about 后应跟v.-ing形式，这里的spend 应是与前文going并列的结构。spending课件11张PPT。PygmalionUnit 4 Section Ⅱ Learning about Language栏目导航考点 语法细解过去分词(短语)作状语
一、过去分词的基本用法
1.过去分词（短语）作状语功能
可表示时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义。这种过去分词作状语相当于一个时间、地点、原因、条件、让步等状语从句。若过去分词作状语，句子的主语与分词所表示的动作构成动宾关系，即是该分词动作的承受者。过去分词(短语)作状语时，也可在其前面加上连词when, if, once, though, unless等，以便明确作何种状语。(1)表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。
①Seen from the hill(When it is seen from the hill), the city looks like a beautiful garden.
从山上看，这个城市就像一个美丽的大花园。
②When (you are) given a medical examination, you should keep calm.
当你做体检时要保持镇定。
(2)表原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
③Encouraged by the speech(=Because they were encouraged by the speech), the excited young people stopped arguing.
激动的年轻人们被演说深深地鼓舞了，停止了争吵。(3)表条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。
④Given another chance(=If he is given another chance), he will do it better.
再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。
(4)表让步，相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句。
⑤Exhausted by the running（=Although he was exhausted by the running）, he went on running after the robber.
尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他还是继续追赶着那个强盗。(5)表方式或伴随情况。
⑥Seated at the table, my father and I were talking about my job.
我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题。
［关键一点］过去分词(短语)作伴随或方式状语时通常不能转换为方式状语从句，但可转化为一个并列分句或并列谓语。
⑦He spent a whole day at home, locked in his study.
=He was locked in his study and spent a whole day at home.
他一整天都在家里学习。2.过去分词(短语)作状语在句中的位置
过去分词(短语)在句中作状语，可放在主句前作句首状语，后面用逗号与主句隔开，也可放在主句后面，前面用逗号与主句隔开。
⑧He stood there silently, moved to tears.
=Moved to tears, he stood there silently.
他静静地站在那里，被感动得热泪盈眶。二.难点突破
1.过去分词与现在分词作状语时的用法比较
过去分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系，所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动作之前或与之同时发生。而现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与主句中谓语动作同时发生且自身正在进行。
①Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.
在遇到困难时，我们必须设法克服。
②Reading carefully, you'll learn something new.
只要你仔细阅读，你会学到一些新的东西。
2.过去分词的独立结构
过去分词作状语时，要特别注意其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致。否则，过去分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词被称为分词的独立结构或独立主格结构，在句中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件等。
①Her homework done(After her homework was done), Mary decided to go shopping.
做完作业后，玛丽决定去购物。
②All things considered, her paper is of great value.
把所有的情况考虑在内的话，她的论文很有价值。
3.有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动而表示状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路)；seated(坐)；hidden(躲)；stationed(驻扎)；lost/absorbed in(沉溺于)；born(出身于)；dressed in(穿着)；tired of(厌烦)等。
①Lost/Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't notice us entering the room.
因为沉溺于思考之中，所以他没有注意到我们进入房间。
②Tired of the speech, he left without saying a word.
厌倦了这个演讲，他一句话没说就离开了。
4.有些过去分词作状语并不表示被动意义，多有其特殊意义，是一些固定句式。但considering, judging by/from, thinking of, taking…into consideration等作状语，要用动词-ing形式。
③Given the general state of Tom's health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.
考虑到汤姆的健康状况，他可能还要一段时间从手术中康复过来。
④Considering the strength of the opposition, we did very well to score two goals.
考虑到对方实力强大，我们进了两个球就很不错了。课件34张PPT。PygmalionUnit 4 Section Ⅲ Using Language栏目导航Ⅰ.Scan the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1.This text is mainly about Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering about_____ teaching Eliza.
A.making a conversation B.quarreling
C.making a bet D.fighting
答案：C
2.Eliza came to visit Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering in order to let them____ .
A.give her some money
B.give her a job as a flower shop's assistant
C.teach her to speak well
D.have a bath
答案：C
3. If they could teach her,Eliza only offered them_____.
A.1 shilling B.2 shillings C.nothing D.3 shillings
答案：C
4.Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering finally decided to______ .
A.throw her back B.teach Eliza
C.refuse her D.make some money
答案：B
5.Eliza never had a bath before probably because______.
A.she lived a miserable life
B.she had no time to do so
C.she suffered a rare disease
D.she was too shy to take off her cloth
答案：A
5．From the passage we can know if a man grows up on the moon，________.
A．he will grow taller
B．he will grow shorter
C．he will become fatter
D．he will become heavier
答案：AⅡ.Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese.
1.I rather fancied myself because I can pronounce twenty?four distinct vowel sounds;but your hundred and thirty beat me.
答案：我本来还是很自负的，因为我能清晰地发出24个元音来；而你却发出了130个元音，你赢了我。
2.Well,she's quite a common kind of girl with dirty nails.I thought perhaps you wanted her to talk into your machines.
答案：哦，很普通的一个年轻姑娘，手指甲脏兮兮的。我本来还以为是你要她来对着机器讲话呢。3.It is 11 am in Henry Higgins' house the next day. Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation.
答案：第二天上午11点，在亨利·希金斯家。亨利·希金斯同皮克林上校正坐着深切地交谈。
4.I'd never have come if I'd known about this disgusting thing you want me to do…
答案：要是我知道你要我做这种丑事，我是决不会来的……考点一 单词点击Point ? rob vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺①someone who steals sth.or robs sb.(教材P32)
偷了某物或抢了某人东西的人
(1)rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物；剥夺某人某物
robber n.抢劫者；盗贼
robbery n.抢劫
(2)“动词+sb.+of+sth.”的短语还有：
accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事
convince sb.of sth.使某人信服某事
rid sb./sth.of sth.使……摆脱某事②I just heard the bank where Dora works was robbed by a gunman wearing a mask.
我刚刚听说多拉工作的那家银行被一名持枪蒙面人抢劫了。
③They knocked the driver down and robbed him of his car.
他们把司机打倒在地，抢走了他的车。
rob/steal
（1）从意思上看：rob 指公开地“抢”“夺”（通常使用暴力）；而 steal 则指在人们不防备或不在场的情况下悄悄地“偷”。
（2）从结构上看，两个词所使用的句型完全不同：
rob＋被抢的人或地方＋of＋被抢的东西
steal＋被偷走的东西＋from＋某人或某地
④They stole a lot of money from the bank.
他们从银行偷了很多钱。单句语法填空。
The _________（rob） occurred in broad daylight. The bank _______（rob） drew a gun and shot the guard in cold blood and he ________（rob） the bank of millions of dollars. Two days later, he was caught by the police.robberyrobberrobbedPoint ? compromise n. & vi.妥协；折衷reach/arrive at/come to/work out a compromise 达成妥协
（make） a compromise with… 与……妥协
compromise with sb.on sth.在某事上和某人妥协①(compromises) OK, I'll teach you.(教材P34)
(提出折衷办法)好吧，我教你。②The dispute between the two countries was solved by compromise.
两国之间的纷争由于互相让步而解决了。
③They found it wiser to compromise with her.
他们觉得与她和解更明智。
④We can not compromise on such terms.
我们不能根据这样的条件和解。单句语法填空。
(1)Talks are continuing in the expectation that the two sides will reach ___ compromise.
(2)We objected to compromising _____ the authority ____ safety standards.awithonPoint ? fade vi.& vt.(使)褪色；减弱；逐渐消失；凋落①…fades out as they go off stage together.(教材P35)
当他们一起离开舞台时，画面模糊了……
fade out（电影,电视中画面的）渐隐；淡出；消失
fade from从……逐渐消失
fade away消失;衰弱;病重死亡
fade in（声音、画面）逐渐清晰；（声音）渐强②Flowers soon faded when they have been cut.
花剪下后很快就会枯萎。
③The closing music fades out when the hero rides off into the sunset.
当男主角策马向夕阳驰去时，尾声音乐逐渐消失。
④His name will never fade from the memory of the world.
他的名字将永远留在世人的记忆中。单句语法填空。
(1)The sound of the boy's crying faded _____ in the distance.
(2)Hopes of reaching an agreement seem to be fading ______.outaway考点二 短语诠释Point ? show…in 带或领……进来①Show her in, Mrs Pearce.(教材P34)
皮尔斯夫人，带她进来。
②Please show in the guests to their rooms.
请把客人领进他们房间。
③Show him in as soon as he arrives.
他一到就立刻带他进来。
show sb.out领某人出去
show sb.around/round领某人参观某地
show off炫耀， 卖弄；（自豪地）给别人看
show up 出现；到场④It is unwise to show off your greater knowledge in front of people.
在人们面前卖弄自己更广博的知识是不明智的。
⑤It was getting late when she finally showed up.
天色渐晚，她终于出现了。单句语法填空。
(1)She really enjoys performing for us and I'm pretty sure she is showing _____. She likes to be the center of attention.
(2)We showed him _______ some famous sights, but he did not appreciate old buildings.
(3)For hours, no one in the family knew where he was or what he was doing; he just showed ____ for meals. offaroundupPoint ? in need of=in want of 需要……①She's in need of both.(教材P34)
这两个方面她都需要。
②He said he was in great need of my assistance.
他说他非常需要我的帮助。
in need处于需要之中；在贫困中,在危难中
There is （no） need for sth.（不）需要……
There is （no） need to do sth.（不）需要做……③We are collecting money for children in need.
我们在为贫困儿童募捐。
④There is need for improvement in your handwriting.
你的书法需要改进。
⑤There is no need to clean the car.It will rain soon.
没必要洗车，马上就要下雨了。单句语法填空。
(1)Building up a harmonious campus is being influenced by various factors at present, among which mental health is in need of ___________(solve) urgently.
解析：句意：当前，影响和谐校园构建的因素很多，而心理健康问题是迫在眉睫而亟待解决的问题。
(2)There is no need _________(discuss) how to use the hotel, because it is still under construction.
解析：句意：由于宾馆还正在建设，现在没有必要讨论如何使用它。在there is no need 句式中，need 后应用不定式形式。being solvedto discuss考点三 句型归纳点拨：句中形容词短语deep in conversation作伴随状语；deep in sth.表示“专心于，全神贯注，深陷于”。形容词(短语)在句中可以作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、伴随、让步、条件等，也可以用来说明主语的情况或进行强调。通常其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，多用逗号与全句隔开。Point ? 形容词的状语功能：adj.(状语)+主、谓……(分句)
Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation.（教材P34）
亨利·希金斯正与皮克林上校促膝长谈。(1)作时间状语。
①Ripe, the grapes are sweet.(=When the grapes are ripe, they are sweet.)
这些葡萄熟了时很甜。
(2)作原因状语，通常位于句首。
②Deep in thought, he didn't notice the car running towards him.
由于陷入深思中，他没有注意到车正朝他驶来。
(3)作伴随状语，位于句首或句末均可。
③After finishing the task, the workers all went back home, happy but tired.
完成任务之后，工人们都回家了，非常高兴但却很疲劳。
(4)作结果状语，一般位于句末。
④He returned from war, safe and sound.
他安然无恙地从战争中归来。
(5)作让步状语，常由一个形容词短语或由or连接的两个以上的并列形容词短语构成。常位于句首，也可位于句中。
⑤Right or wrong, I'll stand on your side.
无论对与否，我都会站在你这一边。单句改错。
（1）Desperately for cash, Juno agrees to help his ex?partner, Maggie, solve a difficult case.
（2）Sunny and rainy, he got up at six and took a walk in the park.DesprerateorPoint ? 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
I'd never have come if I'd known about this disgusting thing you want me to do.（教材P35）
我要是早知道你们想让我做这种可恶的事,我决不会来。点拨：此句是与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句,条件从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”形式，主句中的谓语动词用 “would/could/should/might+have+过去分词”形式。
①If I had seen the film,I would have told you about it.
我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你。
②If I had got there earlier,I would have met Mr.Li.
如果我早点到那儿，我就会见到李先生了。
虚拟语气在if条件句中的另两种情况：
（1）与现在事实相反
从句用动词的过去式；主句用would/could/should/might＋动词原形。
③If he were free,he would help us.
要是他有空的话，他会帮助我们的。
④If he studied at this school,he would know you well.
如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会对你很熟悉。
⑤If it snowed,I would stay at home.
如果下雪， 我就待在家里。
⑥If he should go to Tsinghua University,he would make full use of his time.
如果他要上清华大学的话，他就要充分利用他的时间。
⑦If he were to come here,he would tell us about it.
如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。单句语法填空。
(1)If Rose had put her diamond in a safer place, it might not ______________(steal).
(2)Had you worked harder, you wouldn't _________(fail) in the competition.have been stolenhave failed课件11张PPT。PygmalionUnit 4 Section Ⅳ Guided Writing【写作技巧】
1.明确写英语故事的基本要素
英语故事属于记叙文，进行此类写作时，一般需要把握好记叙文的六个要素，即when(时间)，where(地点)，what(事件)，who(人物)，why(原因)，how(方式)。尽管不是每篇英语记叙文都一定要将这些要素全部包括进去，但是，确定写作内容、收集写作素材必定要围绕这些要素进行。如何写英语故事2.确定写作的人称和故事展开的顺序
写故事时要注意人称，用第一人称主要是以“参与者”的身份介绍本人的经历或耳闻目睹之事；用第三人称则主要是以“观察者”的身份介绍他人的经历和事情。不过在用第一人称时，不要过多地使用“I”，“we”，以免给人单调乏味的感觉；在以第三人称进行叙述时，要避免过多的评论，以至失去故事的客观性。
在确定了叙述的角度后，还要确定以何种顺序展开记叙。讲述故事时最常见的方式是以时间为线索交代故事的发生、发展和结局。这样，文章层次清晰，脉络分明，有较强的整体感。3.正确把握语态，提高语言的准确性
英语故事往往介绍过去发生的事，所以通常使用过去时态。故事结束后描写从中吸取的教训或故事发展的后续则常用一般现在时或将来时。
4.选择使用情感性词汇，提升文章的感染力
英语故事写作中可使用一些情感性词汇来提升文章的感染力，此类词汇有：even, still, only, hardly, almost, indeed, certainly, to one's joy/surprise/disappointment， fortunately等。【常用句型】
1.开头用语
one day, on a Sunday morning, long long ago, many years ago, once upon a time…
2.记叙过程用语：
There was/were/lived…, There used to be…, When I saw/heard…I…immediately. On seeing/hearing that, I…right away. Suddenly, he stood up, stared at me, and got close to me. I was doing…when…, I was about to…when…3.过渡语：
①表示时间：now/at present/nowadays; recently/lately; On Oct. 13; at weekends; last month; the other day; the day before yesterday, etc.
②表示递进：at first/at the beginning; next/then/after that/after a while; suddenly/all of a sudden; by and by/gradually; finally/at last/eventually/in the end, etc.
4.故事结束语：
The story tells us that…;
From this story, we can learn that…ties.【典题示例】
请根据寓言故事《拔苗助长》写一篇英语小故事。
故事梗概：从前，有个农夫，种了稻苗(seedlings)后，便希望能早早收获。每天他到稻田时，都发觉那些稻苗长得非常慢。他等得很不耐烦。想了又想，他终于想到一个“最佳方法”，他将稻苗全都拔高了几分。第二天一早，他迫不及待地去稻田看他的“成果”，却看到所有的稻苗都枯萎了。
注意：1.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
2.词数：100左右。To pull up the seedlings to help them grow
Once upon a time, there was an old farmer who planted a lot of rice. After planting the seedlings, he went to the field to watch the seedlings grow every day. He saw the young shoots break through the soil and grow taller each day, but still, he thought they were growing too slowly. Eventually he got impatient with the young plants and suddenly he hit upon an idea to pull up the young plants by half an inch. The next early morning, the old man couldn't wait to check his “achievement”, but he was heart|broken to see all the pulled|up young plants dying.Ⅰ.审题谋篇
1.本文是寓言故事，人称用第三人称：基本时态为一般过去时。
2.写作要点包括：①农夫发现稻苗长得慢，焦虑；②他拔苗；③稻苗都枯萎。
Ⅱ.写作要点
①从前，有一个老农夫种了很多水稻。
一般表达：Once upon a time, there was an old farmer and he planted a lot of rice.
高级表达：(用定语从句改写上面句子)
Once upon a time, there was an old farmer who planted a lot of rice.
②在种下稻苗之后，他每天去地里观察稻苗的生长。
一般表达：After he had planted the seedlings, he went to the field to watch the seedlings grow every day.
高级表达：(用简单句改写上面句子)
After planting the seedlings, he went to the field to watch the seedlings grow every day.
③他看到稻苗突破了泥土，每天都在长高。
一般表达：He saw the young shoots grow up from the soil and grow taller each day.
高级表达：(用break through改写上面句子)
He saw the young shoots break through the soil and grow taller each day.
④突然，他想到一个主意：把小苗拔高半英寸。
一般表达：Suddenly he came up with an idea to pull up the young plants by half an inch.
高级表达：(用hit upon改写上面句子)
Suddenly he hit upon an idea to pull up the young plants by half an inch.
