2018年中考宾语从句专题复习课件

课件42张PPT。
What a great day ! 这是一个感叹句。
1.What + 名词+（主语+谓语+其他成分）！
What fun (they have)!
What + 形容词+复数或不可数名词+（主语+谓语+其他成分）！
What great fun !
What + a/an+形容词+单数名词+（主语+谓语+其他成分）！。
What a careful girl (she is)!
2. How+主语+谓语?!
How times flies !
How+形容词(+主语+谓语+其它成分)!
How careful she is !
How?+副词(+主语+谓语+其它成分)?!
How carefully she does her homework !
How +形容词+a+名词+（主语+谓语+其他成分）！
How careful a girl she is !难点讲解试比较：We know him． We know he likes English.主s主s谓v谓v宾o宾o宾语从句就是用一个句子来构成主句的宾语 简单句复合句1. 什么是宾语从句？Do you know who is the first Chinese astronaut(宇航员)?
Our teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.
Please tell me where she has gone.
I don’t know if he will come tonight.
Let’s find out what’s on tonight .Find out the Object Clauses注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。e.g.
1.I hear (that) he will be back in an hour.
2.He said (that) he missed us very much.1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句2.由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句I want to know if/whether she is right .
They didn’t know whether Tom could come back or not .if/whether 引导宾语从句 表示“是否”
if/whether可互换, 但whether…or not为固定搭配.3.由连接代词 Who, whom, whose, which, what 和连接副词 where, how, why, when引导的宾语从句e.g.
1.Do you know whose book it is ?
2.Please tell me when we’ll have a meeting .
3.Could you tell me why the train is late?
4.He asked who could answer the question.?当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的意思来使用需要的任何一种时态。2. 宾语从句中时态的变化He will go to Hong Kong .
He is sick.
He is reading a book .
He has finished his work.He had finished his work.He would go to Hong Kong .He was sick.He was reading a book . ?当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。the sun is much bigger than the moon .Summer is after Spring .the earth moves around the sun. He told me (that)We kmew (that)The teacher told us (that) ?当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。Danny says that he will learn English.

Do you know where he came from?

Please tell me how I can get to the bus station .无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句的语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。3.宾语从句的语序宾语从句三要素that+陈述句 if／whether+一般疑问句 特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句主句为一般现在时从句可为任何时态语序宾语从句的语序都为陈述句语序客观真理时态不变1. Tom said. He is reading a book.
→
2. He asks me. Are they playing a game?
→
3. Where is the hospital? He told me.
→
4.Who bought the pen? He wondered.
→Tom said that he was reading a book.
He asks me if/whether they are playing a game.
He told me Where the Hospital was.
He wondered who bought the pen.注意：特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。Who can answer the question？The teacher asked．
→The teacher asked who could answer the question．
What’s wrong? What’s the matter?
What’s happening? What happened?
Eg: I don’t know what’s the matter.1. The radio says it _______________cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2. The headmaster hopes everything _______well. (go)
3. Tom says that they ____________ (play) basketball at six o’ clock yesterday evening.
4. I hear they _________________ (return)
it already.will begoeswere playinghave returnedExercises5. He said that they __________ members of the Party since 1948. (be)
6. He asked what they ____________ at eight last night. （do)
7. The teacher told his class that light _________ faster than sound. (travel)
8. I think you _____________ about the relay race now. （talk)
9. I didn’t know whom the letters ______from. (be)had beenwere doingtravelsare talkingwere1. I don’t know ___________ I’ll be free tomorrow.
2. I don’t know __________ or not I’ll be free tomorrow.
3. The question is __________ this book is worth writing.whether/ifwhetherwhether用if 或whether 填空1).whether和if都可以引导宾语从句
eg: I don’t know whether or not he will come.
注意：如果or not放在whether所引导的从句
句尾，则可以用if来替换。
I don’t know whether/if he will come or not.
eg: I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.2.注意whether和if的使用区别a.当whether后紧跟or not时,不用if.b.介词后面的宾语从句不能用if.He asked me whether I wanted to go there
by train or by bus.
他问我是想乘火车还是坐公共汽车去那里。
注：whether和or一起还有“不管”之意,引
导让步状语从句。
Whether he drives or takes the train, he
will be here on time.
不管开车来还是乘火车来，他都会准时到。c.在强调任意选择时,用whether…or,此时不用 if 替换whether。e.g. Whether he will come I am not sure.
e.g. He asked me whether I’d move to New York if I got the job. d. 虽引导宾语从句，但为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句放在句首，此时只用whether不用if。e. 句子中有if 引导的条件句，如再有表示“是否”的宾语从句，用whether不用if。Please let me know if you need help.
如果你需要帮助请告诉我。
或：请告诉我你是否需要帮助。对比：
Please let me know whether you need help.
请告诉我你是否需要帮助。
I don’t know if it won't rain tomorrow.
我不知道明天是不是会下雨。f. 容易产生歧义时用whether不用if来表示
“是否”。 g. 如果宾语从句为否定句时，则只用if不用whether。2).引导主语从句置于句首时，只能用whether
e.g. Whether he comes or not makes no difference.
3). Whether可以引导表语从句和同位语从句，if不可以
4).用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。
I don’t know whether to go there at once.
我不知道是不是该立刻去那里。 a. 在主+谓+it(形式宾语)+宾补+that 从句(真正
宾语) 的句型中不省略.
eg: We must make it clear that we mean what
we say.
b. 由连词and连接的两个由that引导的宾语从句
中,第二个that 不省略.3. that在宾语从句中的省略与保留eg: He told me（ that） he would come and that he would come on time.
c.当that作介词except, in等宾语时
e.g. They believe in that she must still be single.
I know nothing about him except that he is
living in Beijing.学习宾从三注意，时态语序和连词。
时态主从要呼应：
主句若为现在时，从句时态随句意；
主句若为过去时，从句时态变过去；
宾从若是表真理，时态不变无质疑。
语序要用陈述序，切莫照搬疑问句。
That 连接陈述句，省与不省要注意。
从句若表“是否”时，if/whether要慎记。
特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词。
三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。宾语从句歌 用来表达喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈感情的句子叫感叹句。感叹句一般用what或how引导，句末用感叹号。what修饰名词，how修饰形容词或副词。 Grammar（二）感叹句 what引导的感叹句:
1) What + a/ an + adj.?+?可数单数(+主谓语)!?
e.g. What a brave boy (Tom is)!
What an excellent idea (it is)!
2) What + adj.?+?可数名词复数(+主谓语)!?
e.g. What beautiful pictures (they are)!
3) What + adj. + 不可数名词(+主谓语)!?
e.g. What delicious food (it is)!how引导的感叹句：
How +?adj. / adv.?+?主语?+?谓语!?
e.g. How happy the children were!
How carefully he is reading!?
注意：一般情况下，以what和how开头
的感叹句可以相互转换，转换后意义不
变。
e.g. What a tall building it is!
= How tall the building is!?1).________?difficult?homework?we?had?yesterday!?
2).________?smart?girl?your?daughter?is!?
3).________?interesting?his?book?is!?
4).________?bad?the?weather?in?England?is!?
5).________?honest?boy?Tom?is!?
6).________?bad?smell?the?food?gave?off!?
7).________?good?time?we?had?on?the?beach?yesterday!?
8).________?exciting?news?you've?brought?us!?
9).________?beautiful?Lucy's?skirt?is!?
10).________?fat?those?sheep?are!?感叹句练习What
What a
How
How
What an
What
What a
What
How
How
【学以致用】
选择What/What a/What an/How完成感叹句
1. __________ good advice!
2. __________ slowly he walks!
3. __________ important information it is!
4. __________ carefully they are listening!
5. __________ cold it is today!
答案: 1. What　2. How　3. What　4. How　5. How　6. __________ exciting movie it is!
7. __________ smart the children are!
8. __________ beautiful skirt it is!
9. __________ friendly a man he is!
10. __________ interesting stories they are!
答案: 6. What an　7. How　8. What a　9. How　10. What
议：学生讨论感叹句两种句型的区别，并找出规律
“感叹句要学会‘看后’，即看形容词后的东东，若紧
跟着的是名词，就用what系列的：是可数名词单数，
就用what?a/an;是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用
what就可以了。若紧跟的是
a/an/the/my/your//this/these/that/those/Mr.Wang's/
Mr.?Liu's/Tom's/Han Mei's等等乱七八糟的东西，
想都不用想，直接用How就OK了。口诀
形容词后紧跟名，
what系列记分明;?
形容词后乱糟糟，?
写上How就好了。Ⅰ.?根据句意选出恰当的一项填空。
1. ______ (What / What a) delicious chicken we are having!
2. ______ (What / How) warm it is in the classroom!?
3. ______ (What / What a) nice shirt you bought!
4. _____ (What / How) fast the young man is walking!?What?How?What a?HowⅡ.?将下列句子改为感叹句。
1. The girl is very clever.
_____ ______ the girl is!
2. It is a wonderful experience.
_____ ______ wonderful experience it is!
3. The wind is blowing strongly.
_____ _______ the wind is blowing!
4. The news is exciting.
_____ _______ news it is!
5. The sweaters are very nice.
?_____ ______ sweaters they are!How cleverWhat a?How strongly?What excitingWhat nice典型例题
1）___ food you've cooked!
A. How a nice B. What a nice
C. How nice D. What nice
2）___terrible weather we've been having these days!
A. What B. What a C. How D. How a
3) ______ food you've cooked!
A. How a nice B. What a nice
C. How nice D. What nice DADExercises4.______beautiful day it is! Let's go and have a
picnic in the park.
A.How B.How a C.What D.What a
5._______wonderful news report he wrote!
A.What a B.What C.Which D.Weather
6.—With the help of doctors, the boy can see
again. —_______he is!
A.What luckly B.What a luck
C. How luck D.How a luckDBC单项填空。
( )1. —　　　　 we have! There is a dragon boat race in the river. ?
—Great! We can’t miss it.
A. What good luck　　 B. How good luck　　
C. What a good luck　　D. How a good luck
( )2. —I am looking forward to visiting the mountains.
—Me, too. I believe 　　　　it will be an unforgettable experience. ?
if B. whether
C. why D. that
AD( )3. —Do you know if Jack 　　　　to Beijing for vacation? ?
—I am not sure. But if he 　　　　, I will call you. ?
A. goes; will go B. will go; will go
C. goes; goes D. will go; goes
( )4. Kate says she can’t decide 　　　　to do next. Please give her some advice.?
if B. what
C. whether D. that
DB( )5. I have some tickets for the new movie. I want to know 　　　　.?
A. if you’d like to come along
B. why you like to go there
C. where you buy the tickets
D. when you watch the movie
AWhat 与How 大转换1. What a pretty girl she is!
_______ _______ the girl is!
2. How difficult the questions are!
_________ ________ ________ they are.
3. How big the factory is!
_______ _______ big factory _____ ____! How prettyWhat difficult questions What a it is4.What a clever boy!
_______ _______ the boy _______!
5. How tall the trees are!
_______ tall trees ______ ______!
6. What interesting books they are!
________ _______ the books ________!
7. How funny the girl is!
________ _______ funny girl ____ _____!How cleverareWhat a she is How interestingWhat they areis8. How old the man is!
______ _______ old man ______ _____!
9. What nice books they are!
_____ ______ the books ________!
10. How amazing the building is!
_____ _____amazing building ____ ____!What anhe isHow niceareWhat anit is